Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th April 1844, Edition 1 of 1, Page 4, THE SOUTHERN STAK. SATURDAY, APRIL 6, 1844.

Page 4
Page 4
4 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (3)
    • Cijsrifsa 3rntrIJfsnur.
    • THE SOUTHERN STAK. SATURDAY, APRIL 6, 1844.
    • Co 23?auprg anU <£orr*0p<tt«i*utg.
  • Text (10)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Untitled Article

      liOKDON . — MBTROPOIAIAS DELEGATE COBSCIL , iliiCH 31- —Mr . Kithbone in the chair , 3 ir . Cfcffij ] moved that the council print and publish a Enall tract , ] embracing tie exposition of Chartism u recently set lorth by Mx . Pilri ™ O'Higgins , which "was carried . ] lit Edmund Ford then moved that we tata into con- j sder&tion the measures te be recommended to the i consideration of tfcs Convention . Carried unanimously . ; Mr . S—lwood moved the ioUowinj :. and Mr- Noqnel j seconded the sane . Metropolitan Dslwrale Council , \ instruction for Conventions 1 st—Tbat they be requested j to bring forward the subject of registering compound i bonseholders . 2 ad—That they ba rt quested te rtcora- j mend far eeneral adoption the formation and establish- ] menl of democratic rcboolB for infants and adults . 3 rd ¦ —That they he n quested to dissever the Charter from \

      the land plan . 4 th—That they be requested to push fonnrt the land plan in a separate and distinct form , but that it- be recommended to continue under the gniduice of the Executive Committee , elected by the National Charter Association . 4 th—That they be recommended to continue the dissemination of the knowledge of tte People ' s Charter" by the means of efficient lecturers , more especially in thoBe diBfcrieto Trhere the principles have not been generally agitated . 4 th—Th&t they b ? . TecommeBded to ftbvise means for the establiihiEtnt ct a national poHtirai tract fund . On the motion of Sltssrs . Pattenfienand Cooper , by consent of the mover , tha following "was added : —That they be recommenced in their Plan of Orgar- ? z \ tien to have a rule authorisiiij ? the country to elect the Executive Committee by "way of ballot . After consifierafcle discussion the morion trat carried .

      SohersTCSvx . —A meeting of this locality was teld on Sunday , March the 31 st , at the Bricklayers ' Arms , Tonbrid ^ e-atrefct , Mr . Humphries in the c _ ir . The list for the new " Executive -was taken it-to consideration , when the following was duly nominated : — F = arsn » O'Connor , Thomas M . " Wheeler , Philip 3 i-&rath , ThosoM ClsTk , IHvid Robs , of I ^ eds . It ¦ was also rujreed to unanimously , on the motion of Mr . liowiie , thit a sub-committee be appointed to wait on the board , to obtain the St . Pancras Teslry Booms , to fcold a public meeting on the Factory and Master and Servants * Bills . The fallowing honK-boldtrs and ratepayers was appointed : —Messrs . Hodge , Hornby , Smith , and Arsott Political asd Scientific I > stjti ; tio >\ March Slst—Mr . Ta-fctr in the chair . Mi . © "Connor's letter from the Kor&em Star was nad ; after "srhich Mr . T . -Clark , of the Executive , delivered ai > excellent lecture .

      National Ccktfestiox . —A pnblic meeting , for the elecfian of delegates to represent the Metropolitan District * , was held in th = * Hall of tie Political and Scientific Tnstilntion , Tomagain lane , en Tnssday evening , April the 2 nd . Mr . Stallwood was unanimously called to the chair . The usual " preliminaries having been gone through , the resignation of Messrs . Skelton : nd Hnnniball was accepted , which ¦ which left ei ^ lit c—nidatta from which four delsgates were to be chosen . Mr . J . B . O"Brien was proposed by Messrs . Stoies and "White ; M-. W . I > r _ e by Messra . Baxter ard Joses ; Mr . FeaTgua O'Connci by Messrs . Simpson and Humphrey ; JMr . P . 2 kl'& .-atii by Mtssars . Gardener and Finette ; Mr . Raffy Ridley , by Messrs . Dron and Bo § era ; Mr . T . M . Wheeler , by Messrs . Amottand Divec ; Mr . P O'HL > - ginsby Mess a K- 'use ana Sgrar . frlin ; Mr . W . Cuffay by Messrs . Pritchard uad Overum . E ^ ch candidate or

      their friend having hid a-. opportum-y of addressing dexn-etiDg ; and th = j xne-eniyj having freely txjeiseu their light cf questioning the caudida ^ es , Messra Hornby and W . Gecrge -were appainlcd triers , anr the votes w ^ rc tiies . The Chtirman Enntu ^ ced tht election to have fallen on the following gentlemen .- — Patrick Ofi-. ggins , P&ilip M GraAh , Feargus O'Connor , and Thomas Martin Wheeler . The announcement was Teceived wilh loud cheers . A list of sasfestions was then jnoved for the consideration of the Convention ; sad the Metropolitan Delegates was requested to bring forward and support the same , which was carried . At ike doss of lhe proce&diErs , Mr . Baxter , the propoBer of Mr Drsie stepped forward , and demanded a poll of the Chartist body on behalf of Mr . Drake ; but the ~ PT * T 1 having been divided , and both tellers agreeing U to the numbers , Mr . Wheeler having a majority of 114 over Mr . Drake , the Chairman Tleclsred the electien finally closed , amid loud cheers .

      St . A-NDAew ' s I / OCAlitt . —A very nnmerona meeting ^ ras brid at the Crown Ccfiaa House , leather Lane . Mr- Djvoc delivered a lecture , explanatory of the Six PjiCts of the People ' s Charter ; and showed the superiority of Democratic over every other form of Government . Messrs . Bathbone and Knight addressed the meeting on the necessity of working men endeavouring to get on the registry of votera . S ; x members wtre enrolled , 4 nd the meeting aijourned till Saucay evening next . SffAKCRESTER . —On iSunfiay evening " last , Mr . Christopher Dyyle delivered a lecture in the Carpenters' Hall to a crowded audience . The lecture gave great satisfaction , and was londiy and dest ? rvtd 3 y ETyrbEuded . The Sunday school in connection wiih tte

      Cfeartista of Manchester continues to jro * per . d * - * pite fifcuunciitioa siid pera&cution . Some of lo , & millowners have cemmenced a regular cru&stie asaicst us- Mess . " * T . ard S . Barnes Jhave giTcn notics that-they w :: l cot ezip'loy- any person , either male » r female , who aticTsd Chartist or Socialist Sunday Echcols . In coneeqaence of tbia thrt-at , we have lost a £ K ? at fourteen of tbt scholars , who are in the employ of the uct : ve-m = Etioned gentiucta , but their loss wiD scarcely brfrJt , &s on Ssnfiay 3 sst we had an aceeaivn of i-en . So let not these gentlemen imaginethty can crush us . " We aif determined to persevere , regardless of the pany efforts of T . and B- B ^ rres . By tbe bye , one of ihew took s very prominent part on the 16 : h Angust , 1819 ; as a member of tfee yecmaDry c = ; njs .

      HTDE . —On last Sunsay , Mr . Mead delivered s lectnre on the evils of the Siate Church . Th « lecturer gave satisfaction to the audience . OZABAia . —On Sunday last , Mr . William Bell lectured in the Chartist Boom , Greaves-street The licture "was replete "with good common tense reasoning , and gave great satisfaction . KOTTXNGSiOfl—On Sunday evening Mr . R . T . Morrison delivered a very instmctiva lecture ; he leviewed the various systems of pgitst-oa now occupyiDg the public mind , proving the futility of say a ^ itatioti ahort of that which would confer the elective franchise upon the -whole male adult populate , and corcluded \ Tors argumentative discourse by directing his hearers to & system T * h ? eh he hoped to see adopted by tbe Conference—a system wkich would materially strengthen the Chartist ersjaniKticn .

      A Membeb . s meeting was held at tie eonclimon of Mr . Mcnrrison ' s lecture U noiainste suitable persons to fill ths office of Bsem ' nen of the Execufive Comndttee , the follQWins persons t ? ere ueminate : — Messrs O'Connor , "M'&rath , R . T . Morrison , J . Claike , anil J . Mason , of Birmingham . North Cheshibjj Delegate Meztisg — Tbe adjourned County Delegate Meeting was holden on Sunday last , March 31 , in the Chartist Association Boom , Hyde . Delegates from the following localities ¦ were present , -r . z : MBcdesfield , Mr . Joseph Alitn ; Stockport , Mr . Tbomss ¦ pTe ' -be ; Mottram . Mr . Samuel l « ee ; Dackinatld , Messrs . Hfcagus and Nsild ; Hvde , Messrs . Gaag-al , W . Whitehead . and Bnmby . Mr . Jos . Allen in the e ' aair . The Chairmaij opened the meeting

      ki a t > p ^» pointed rpesch , and concluded by catling on the delegates to avoid all unnecessary discusaon and nnite to promote the general interest of tte membars tkey represented . Th& following resolutions were bus- jumously Mreed te : " That vre the dtlegaites icpreEtntini ; the different loc ^ ities situated in Worth Cheshire , agree tiafc no lecturer shall in future be allowed to visit any borouEh , village , or hamlet In tbe county o ? Cii £ * ter , mthout credentials torn thfi Dittrict Council , asd signed by the Dstrlet Secretary , unless such Lecturers are appoiBtcd by lhe Executive Council . " " That the Xocal l « sc ' -ar « rs plan be printed as recommended at tte Btockport meeting . " " That every locality -having ; fifty ( or nndeij enrolled members shall be empowered to ( send one delegate to ihe county meetings , and over fif ty

      s&mbers two delegates , and tooa Is proportion to tbe number of xafcxabtrs . " ll That this meeting do recommend to each locality the necessity of calling meetii-. s forthwiili \ oproles ^ against Siie Masters and Se rvants ' Bin , and th ^ t petit ' onabc adopted at all such meetings ; Bisaed by the Chairman , and forwarded to Mt . Dncoombe , to be presented to Parliament . " * ' Tkat the District Secretary be paid the sum of three sblUiuip as . a remuneration for his services ; and that he be also furnished "with a minute book for county bus ' iE ^ ss . '") »• That this meeting stand a 3 janrned until Saniay . April £ 8 th , to meet at ten o ' clock in the foreman , ia ! the ChsrtM Assorstion Room , Stanly-street , M 2 cc ^ 3-, field . " All letters connected -with ccnaty > & .-. tibss must be addressed poit-paid to Mr . J . M . Le ^ ct , Piat-BtreetjHyde .

      STAiTBRIDSS . —At a meeting ef the meinbeis of tbe national Charter Association , on Sunday last . 3 Jr . James Leach , cf Manchester , was nnanhsouhly nominated as the repref » entative of thiB bod ) in the fortbeoming Convention . A pnblic meeting WJl take place in the Association Room , on Tuesday next , for tte election . TbeAair to be taken at eight o ' clock in ibe evening precisely . COVBNSRY DISTRICT . —A District Council was holslen at Jones ' s Coffee House , Coventry , x-n Sunday list , when , after business of great importance to tbe Chartists of the district had been transacted , it was agreed that a general pnblic meeting should take place at Kenflworth , on Easter Monday , to elect a delegate to the Convention .

      BRADFORD . —On Sunday the M'DoaaD Commitiee met at Great Horton . Delegates "were pr&ssnt from Daity Hill , Manningbam , Gtsntral Locality , L : itle Horton , Great Horton : it was resolved : " Tfcat a local Committee be formed in Great HortoB , to aid { he General Committee . " And " That the next meeting of the Committee be held « n Sunday ( to-morrow } at Park-place , in the Chartist School-room , at two o ' clock in tbe afternoon . " TKB ChaBTJSTS of Horton met in the School Boom , Park-place , on Sunday evening , when the discariaa on the Flan of organisation was TepuiD « d , =. ud it tras nnanimonBly resolved : That itLe Mcommended to fiie forthcoming Confsrwice , to take into consider-* &m tibe propriety of Issuing one card of membership in a » space of tweits conths , ineteadof foar cards as ai present . "

      Untitled Article

      SUHSEBI ^ nD . —Mr . Dickinson delivered three lectures in Su .- ; d ? -r , ' ani 1 on Sunday last , the subject of one being— " The policy of the Chartists in opposing the Leagne justified "; when he challenged any ont who differed with him to public discasslon . Accordingly © n Monday Mr . Dickinson received a note , accepting the challenge , from Mr . Abram Duncan , to discaas the question— " Does opposition to the Anti-Corn Law League advance the attainment of the People ' s Charter ?" The discuiaion was to come off on Wednesday evening last .

      HJNDLEY . —The members of this locality met in their Meeting Room , Mill Lane , on Monday last . After the business of the Association was closed , a very animated discussion ensued ; after "vrbich the following resolution was pawed unanimously : —•• That tbe best thanks of this meeting are due . and are hereby tendered , to the Editor of tbe Northern Star , for the able manner in which he commented on the scribblings of the Prince of PBOFUKDiTT , ' in la * t Saturday ' s Star . " L"S £ DS — On Monday night last , the Rev . WMi&m Ianwoed , from Mansfield , delivered a very eloquent lecture to a numerous audience , in tbe B > 2 iar . At its conclusion , a vote of thanks ( on the motion of Mr .

      Ro 3 s , seconded by Mr . Brook ) -was given to the lecturer by acclamation . On Wednesday night a public meeting , to eiect delegates to attend the next Convention , was held in tbe B-zar . Mr . Squirp , Fsrrer vra 9 called to the chair ; and a resolotion w .-vs carried that two delegates should be sent from Leeds . Mr . David Ross , and Mr . John Shiw haviDg been proposed and seconded , were put by the Chairman and carried by very large majorities . A number of instiuctions to be piv * n to the delegates were then asreed upon ; after which the following were put in nomination as candidates for thB nest Executive Cjn-mittes . namely , Messrs . James Leach , Dr . M'Djual ) , F . OConnor , J . R . H . Bairstow . and Mr . Jones , of L- 'ven ) c-ol =

      Untitled Article

      PBESEKYATION OF MINISTRY . DEGRADATION OF PARLIAMENT , AND

      HUMILIATION OF WOMEN . Tre issue upon which Sir Robert Peel has placed tbe existence of his administration ; and the startling subserviency with which the House of Commons has openly expressed its preference for a corrupt government , to an act of acknowledged justice for " women" and " young persons , " has placed the advocates of the Ten Hours' Bill in an entirely new position . The Short Time Commiueesj consisting of persons of all shades of politics and religious Dersussions , irrefp * ctive of personal

      considerations , and solely devoted to the humane purpose of reducing the hardships of those who are otherwise . cnproujcied , have laboured long and arduously to convince the public mind of the justice of their claim ? on behalf oi their clients ; and at length they have forced from a relnctant House of Commons , a justification of that course , in which they have so manfully persevered . Public opinion , t ^ is backed by three successive votes of the House , places tbe advocates of the Ten Hours' Bill in an altered and improved position : a position , which , however the question may be juggled in the House of Commons , they are bound to fortify and strengthen

      by all avaible means . Those Committees , with the pr inciple only before them , struggled against the death-dealing system when unnatural toil was cheerfully rendered for what was considered commeniurai-e remuneration . It was unpopular to plead for a remission of any portion of that labour to which the heydey of manufactures and the imperfection of machinery was obliged to allot a larger portion of the profits on production , than can be now spared from the paring 3 of competition . That was the dark night of the Short Time agitation ; the present , however , assumes a more cheering aspect , —one which invites them to a continuance of their labour .

      We think it was Mr . Recorder Shaw who protes '« d sgaiust the persecution of a tyrannical minority in the House of Commons . Bat what will that learned Gentleman say to the tyranny which has converted a minority in : o a tyrannical majority by an unconstitutional threat ? No act was more strongly reprobated at the time , than the rescinding tbe vote of the House by which the Malt Tax was abolished ; and yet , if evil things will bear a comparison , we can comparatively justify the rescinding of a vote by which the whole machinery

      of Government wonld be at once stopped , to the rescinding of a vole by which the ablest Btatesmen fc ^ d dec l ared the good to overbalance the evil . That the present Prime Minister , who owes his wealth and elevation to the delicate fingers of women and little children , shonld have staked his Ministerial existence upon the conlinnance of a system which the House of Commons declared to be inhnman , cruel , and unjust , astonishes us not a little ; but we were entirely prepared for the bold stand taken on behalf of

      cruelty and injustice , by his Protean Home Secretary ; a Minister with as many shades of politics as there are colonrs in tbe rainbow ; a man to ¦ ssbom has been conceded the proud distinction of proposing every act of tyranny , and of opposing every one bearing even the semblance of Justice-Kay , so proud is he of that unenviable distinction , by which he has been col verted into the " clout" of ihe Tory Cabinet , that he struggles to btcome the

      putative father of those illegitimate offspring left by others at the door of the hospital . To follow the evil track of evil councillors affords to him but small pleasure ; but to lead or to stand alone in the course of devilment is his SHpreme delight Unlike Casllereagh , he never bends to circumstances , or yidd > to expediency . His acquiescence in good is accompanied with a sulky frowardness . Hia co-operation in evil is tendered con amore .

      J ¦ j , , To FU' " -h a man , whose whole lifedtfies the charge of a single good act , has been assigned the task of stamping his master as a tyrant , the House of Com' mon 3 as tools , and the people as slaves . However , ! aii have joined in the issue , upon which the Minis-. ter hss stated the existence of his Cabinet . And if : the people , supposed to be represented in the House , I are to be parties to the controversy , and if the whole array of pnblic opinion which is to constitute lie Jury to try tho question is not challenged by \ th" Irish Attorney-General , wb sow summon that

      JURT TO DECIDE , BETWEEN THE EXISTE . NCS OF THE PBiSEM- CABINET , ASD THE CONTINUANCE OF THAT 5 TSIFH WHICH HAS BEEN THRICE ADMITTED TO BE 1 XHITMAS , TOJUST , CRUEL , AND UNPROFITABLE ! ! 1 To our pro-Tory , or rather to onr anti-Whig , policy , has been assigned the existence of the present Cabinet ; and if we stood alone , we join issue with the Prime Minister ! and without demurring , we aTe ready to go to trial as the case now stands : THE WOMEN AND 11 TTLE CHILDREN OP ENGLAND AGAINST THE TOBY CABINET .

      Should the national verdict be in favour of the plaintiffs , a much greater triumph will be achieved by the overthrow of the " strong Government , " than was accomplished by the defeat of exhausted and self-beaten Whiggery . "We have eve ? laboured to devclope the power of the non-elective influence of th : s country ; and how cGuld it be more strongly or profitably exhibited than in the overthrow of a party baasting of a majority of nearly one hundred in the

      House of Commons 1 Our proposition is not for the j substitution of & Whig for a Tory Cabinet , npon the ' promise of popular support to the newcomers . Our proposal is that the nation should takethat stand which j shall constitutionally induce her Majesty to dismiss her present advisers , and to dissolve the Parliament at one , and the same time : thus presenting to the improtiBg xiSD of England a nearer opportunity of developing its march of progression than onr present rulers are inclined to afford .

      No circumstances tended more to elevate Chartism than the opportunity which the last general election afforded to the working classes , of presenting themselves on the hustings , side by side , with the candidates for electoral favor . We feel assured that since that period , now nearly three years , tbe principles of Chartism have acquired a strength and favor which requires another election contest to develope ; and that no prouder position could be assumed by its advocates than that of the champions

      Untitled Article

      of the rights of man , and defenders of the lives of women and little children . . Nay more ; we consider it necessary to cut lhe watp of Toryism before its piece is wove . We feel assured that if tamely allowed to pursue the even tenor of their way , the Tories are determined to devota the residue of their unexpired term of office , to the completion of that machinery which will ensure them a renewal upon any terms they may condescend to offer ; and again we shall have a repetition of the humiliating farce of "O ! good Sir Robert ; kind Sir Robert ; do vouchsafe to continue to us the benigu influence of thy wisdom and profundity , though every woman in England shall perish , and every child Bhould ba doomed to worse than negro slavery . "

      Our Tory rulers have spent the threo , aay we may say a portion of the four , first sessional years of office in teaching the nation , that sleight of hand jugglery by which money may be extracted from any vein ; and they have now resolved upon devoting the residue of their term to the completion of those meaus by which the fruits of their previous labours may be preserved to their kindly use , so that in all time hereafter they may enjoy them . Is it not high time then that the nation should interpose and spoil their intended sport ? The matchless effrontery exhibited in tho new bill proposed to the House

      of Commons by the man-of-all-bad-work of the Tories surpasses comment . la it there is no mention whatever of that law which has thrice been affirmed by the House of Commons . Is it not high time then , that the working classes Bhould try their hand at squeezing ten or fifteen Duncombb ' s into the House of Commons t a triumph which we feel assured will be the result of another General Election , and the necessary energy of the people upon their own behalf . This House has sat long enough . Let us therefore , as we cannot form cabinets , try our hand at breaking them up , if for the present our triumphs

      must be of a negative rather than a positive quality We boli « ve that the Whigs , if in power , would not hare proposed , but would have resisted the Ten Hours' Bill : but as we by no meaus anticipate the resuscitation of defunct Whiggery , we believe that many of the saints who now tarn up their eyes at the cry of " the Chartists are coming , ' and who therefore prefer obeying the humiliating command of their leader to following the dictates of" their own conscience , would , if untrammelkd by Peel ' s threat of abdication , fly to Jhe cry of "justice to women and little children . "

      Under all circumstances then let the plaintiffs be prepared with their case , upon the re assemoJing of the wise men who have voted themselves fools I

      Untitled Article

      chise to which the present Government owes its dangerous strength . It would have been much better if the Noble Lord had proposed the positive in * justice of disfranchising the 25 , 000 to the comparative justice of enfranchising . 55 , 000 complete slaves . Another result of the Noble Lord's bilj , independent of that political power which it will give to the Tory Landlords of Ireland , will be another scene of

      ousting and confiscation—the breaking up of small farms , and their conversion into Tory preservation allotments . Neither will the minimum of tho " willfranchise" bo the standard of letting . We shall not be astonished at not hearing of anything under an £ 80 farm conferring this description of franchisethat is , that an £ 80 tenancy at-will , will be about the averago upon which Irish representation will be based , if

      " THE PHILOSOPHY OF ENDURANCE " shall lead Ireland to a toleration of this wholesale depopulation bill . This is one , and by no means a small or unimportant one , of those means by which the Tories hope to secure to themselves the permanancy of office . This in fact is , as far as Ireland is concerned , the repeal of any little benefit contained in the Reform Bill , and the substitution of tho most vicious part of that mo * t vicious measure . In vain will the liberal borough interest contend against the newly created power thus placed in tbe

      bands of the landlords , should this new Tory Reform Bill be pasped into law . We like the hideous shape in which this new monster has made its appearance , because Mr . O'Connell cannot give to it that delusive opposition which he might oousider sufficient to a measure of injustice out of which he might eke all the profit of subsequent denunciation . No ; in faith , he must oppose this bill a- we do ; with all his heart , with ail his soul , and with all his strength ; because its enactment will deprive him of that power which he uses now for tho exposure , but not for the correction of abuses .

      Had Lord Eliot the folly to imagine that the keen , the watchful , aud the jealous eye , of at least equality-seeking Popery would not discover the endeavour to transfer the pea from under the thimble of the Catholic priest to that of the Protestant Landlord ! We say nothing of the humiliating sacrifice by which he informs us Catholic Emancipation was achieved : a sacrifice not entailing less than the political annihilation ,

      aye , and we may add , social annihilation also ^ of 216 , 000 forty-shilling freeholders . Here , then , is lhe democracy of Emancipation . Before t iat measure Ireland had a constituency of bet een two hundred thousand , and three hundred thousand : and now she has a constituency of less than forty thousand . Honco tho devolving ot' all the blesssings of Emancipation upon O'Connfll and his middle-class thimble-riggerB . And thiB is Emancipation , forsooth , aud Reform as well !

      We are well pleased that Lord Eliot has put us in possession of the Royal boon for Ireland before the Easter recess , as we have no doubt that the Irish outcry againt this flagitious act , coupled with the English demand of justice , for womon and young children will cut the warp of Toryism before th « piece of permanency is wove . To be sure Peel has got his surplus ; but that will weigh but as chaff in the scale against the weight of popular influence . We rejoice at this new attempt to Torify Ireland ,

      because the revilcr of the Chartists will now see that to the hallowed principle of Chartism , aiid to t ! iat alone , must professing Reformers look as the iseana of arresting the progression of Toryism . The Reform Bill promised to kill tbe monster ; but the " finality" policy of Reformers has enabled it to ribe refreshed from a short slumber ; and they may rest assured that the Tories will , if allowed , qow strengthen those weak positions which compelled them to grant " tho Bill , tha whole Bill , and nothing but the Bill . "

      By Lord John Russell's and Lord Howica ' s preference for tho 40 s . to the £ 5 freehold franchise , it is quite evident that " finality" has seen the error of his way , and would now gladly resort to what was good of tho good old system : and it' a 40 s franchise should be proposed as an amendment to tho £ 5 clause , how queer to see tho" LiBkRATou " voting for the rct-usoitation of the 403 . freeholders ! Of Lord Eliot ' s Municipal Reform Bill , which , according to the Gkaham principle , ho ha * mixed up with his Parliamentary Reform Bill , we shall say nothing , further than to observe that it is a great imorovement as far as it goes upon the old

      Ky .-tem , and , no doubt , has been ooupled with the objectionable Registration Bill to serve as tbo " cheese " of that " grindstone . " So that , like Graham , he may say to his customers , if they objeot to the one and are willing to accept the other , ' * no , if you take the checsej you- must taka the grindstone with it . " It rathor sirikes us , however , that the present Municipal bill , having transferred all civic power to what is . called the Liberal party , and being rather dangerous to take such a step backwards as would restore the power to the old corruptioaists , the Noble Lord ha . t thought it wise to givo the civic children a . whole ark full of municipal toys wherewith to « Utc « them from the gTeat plaything , Repeal .

      Again , then we say , up ye mkn ov England and Irkla ' nd ; the . one in defence of the Hlltc liberty that yet rcmuins to pott ; the one in defence oj your ivives and children : AND BOTH IN THE DEMAND- tiV TIIK KIGlirS of FftEKKEN . Lot your cry bo , down with tiie Tones ; down with the Whigs ; out with the Ministers ; aud wp with the people ! And let it bo no hindrance that we are not prepared with successors to our miad to take tho places of tho routed foes . Wo make this call now upoii the natiou , uot so much to arrtst any bubstantivo n-easuro oi injustice , but because we plainly Bee that the remainder of Beven

      years' tenure of office is , if not checked , to be devoted to the enactment of measures to ensure the permanency of Toryism upon a basis which we cauuot hereafter shake . It is not so much to the charge against Toryism as it now is , that we invite you : it is to a charge against what Toryism is sure to make itself , if its present measures are tacitly acquiesced in by the nation . > And , therefore , let our cry be " Snap" ! "Snap " ! " Snap" ! Cut the warp of Toryism btforo the piece now in tbe loom is wove . Therefore again we say "SNAP" ! "SNAP" !! ' SNAP" !!!

      Untitled Article

      FR EEDOM OF LABOUR AT STAKE . THE DAMNABLE BILL . The burs ' , of indignation with which the Bill for entirely destroying every vestigo of the boasted " Freedom of Labour" is received by th 3 whole wohking community , as the nature of its atrooioua ' enactments" becomes known , is a high compliment to us of the Northern Star , who first sounded the alarrh , and put Labour on its guard ; and tho fouling so aroused will assuredly , if rightly directed , prevent iho enactiug" of tho measure , and save Laboub some little longer from the scourge prepared for it .

      But to render this cerium , energetic end immediate steps are necessary . A mere barst of feeling will not do : that feeling must exhibit itself in acts —acts that will tell upon the Legislature . What are the Trades doing ? Have they met ? Have they considered ? Have they resolved 1 Have they petitioned ? If not , why not ? Th&ir dearesi privileges are at stake ! Nay , their every atom of independent is threatened . Let this Bill become law , and every Trades' Union iu the kingdom will be crushed—annihilated ! With this Bill " enacted , " the employers of Labour will have the labourer at their entire mercy .

      Again we ask , what are the Trades doing ! We know what the Colliers arc doing—razis . dctt . They are making themselves acquainted with the infamous proposals : and they are extensively petitioning Parliament against the Bill , and asking that the law may remain as it is . A copy of the Bill ban been prepared for circulation among the Colliers , with an introduction from the pen of Mr . Roberts , their indefatigable and able attorney , which we shall hero transcribe at length ; as tbe doing that will beat suable tbe

      Untitled Article

      whole ' wirkinfc fopnlatton to ' apprec ' ate the blessings ia store fbif them , if they do not instantly bestir themselves , ; &nd enable Mr . Duncombe to fight successfully i ae \ " t the horrible infliction . Mr . Roberts in | his so ^ N pamphlet says : — "Two or three Wesks 3 \ ° * ne public ware in formed , throngh the medium . *> f the Northern Star , that a Bill hhd been introdaceu into Parliament for the purpose of giving additional powers to

      Magistrates with reward to disputes betwaetf Masters and Servants . Afterwards the Bill was published in the Star . It excited , however , bnt little attention : its provisions were mainly directed to the conferring upon all descriptions of servants , the power which , under the previous Acts of Parliament , had been confined to Colliers , Miners , and some few other branches of ! servitude—that of recovering wages by a cheap and easy proce s before a magistrate .

      ' This power of enforcing payment of wagesthough attended with some drawbacks which it is not necessary her © to enter into—is in very many instances found lo be efficient an < 1 useful . The proposal , therefore , to extend it to all who live in servitude , was calculated to excite with the generality no remark but that of wonder that it had not beeu 60 granted in the first instance . It appeared , in truth , to be an act of generosity ; and with some persons it therefore became an object of suspicion . No one had asked for it—and it seemed curious .

      "He who has largely observed the progress and consolidation of despotic power in England and all other countries knows this—that the surest mode of attacking the liberties of a people is , first , to put oa an appearance of generosity . The guards are lulledmade druuk—tbe novelty of the drink overcoming them moro than its ipoteucy—and the citadel falls an easy prey . The sctitimeat may be treasonable—but it is tremendously true . ' " The apparent fairness of the proposed Bill disarmed all opposition : the matter was referred to a Committee .

      " And it ia with the work of this Committee-that we have now to do . The clausea they havo introduced have entirely altered the thing . On the most cursory glance , it will be seen that the power now sought for is more despotic than any ever granted during > the administration of CasHereagh . "It is not worth while just now to particularize the distinctions between the Bill as it originally appeared , and as it ; has since been printed with the Committee ' s additions . A short abstract of it in its preset stage shall be attempted .

      " The preamble is a gem in its way . It slates that 'doubts have arisen' and that * it is expedient . ' Think of a Judge this addressing a prisoner : — * Pnsonor at tho bar—doubts have arisen as to your guilt—very considerable doubts—and it is expedient that they should be removed—the best way , thereore , will ba for you to be hung forthwith—out of hand—and have done with it—and no more bother . * the supposed case—however strangely it may appear —is a perfect analogy to the present one .

      " The statement of this preamble is false . There are no ? doubts . ' No law is better settled or moro thoroughly understood than the Law of Master and Servant . There will be doubts enough , when the word * Misbehaviour' comes to be construed by a Staffordshire Magistrate . What is a Job is a question which this Bill will , for the first time , bring before the Justices and Jadgee . What is a Jqb , ' says Mr . Duncombe : 'This is a Job . '—My Jobreplies the heavy Baronet . But ' what is M ;? bsbehaviour , ' continues the member for Finabury . ' Belonging to the Union , ' shout all the Ministry at ouce .

      " Tho preambls states that the provisions of former Btatutes are by this statute to be consolidated into one act . Never was there a more outrageous falsehood than this . The present Bill confers powers given by no former statute—nay , more than thisevery former etatate was more carefully restrained to cases where the relation of Master and Servant actually existed ; and parties engaged by special contract—by the pjeco—were altogether exempted from its operation . All former statutes werecpnfined to' Wages '—especially to wages—the present one extends to ' Damages , ' that is , to whatever the Justice thinks fit .

      " The first clause repeals all former acts so far as they relate to Masters aud bervants . " The next clause reveals tho intended operation of the Bill . The words used must be thoroughly considered before the mischief can be thoroughly comprehended . Shortly , the meaning is this ;—all disputes between Masters or Employe's , and Servants , Workmen , or Labourers , employed for any certain time , or by the job , or iu ant othrr manner , may be determined by any one Justice —( by a Justice in Cornwall though all the circumstances occurred in Lancashire)—who may award a sum of not more tiian ten pounds and costs by way of Damages or Wages ! !

      " Passing over tho third , we come to the fourth clause—that which we here print in unmistakeable typo : — ¦ ; " Aud be it enacted , That if any Servant , Workman , Labourer , or other person , shall contract to serve or work for any other person , and shall not enter into his ar her service or employment according to the contract , or having entered thereunto , swale , arsent himself or hersvtt' therefrom before the term of his or or her contract or before the the wouk contracted to be performed shall be completed , or shall be guilty of any oTiihiu MISBEHAVIOUR

      concerning such service or employment , it shall be lawful for any Justice of the Peace , upon complaint thereof made upon oath by the Master or Employer , or bv his or her Steward , or Agent , Bailiff , Foreman or Manager , instead of awarding damages or abatement of wages , to order ; that the party complained of shall be imprisoned in the common gao ! or House of Correction , with or -without hard labour , for auy term not exceeding Two Calendar Months . "

      " By this clause ;—every Servant , workh * . k , or other person , who shall contract to werk 'for any other persoa , ' who ! shall absent himsalf before he has done his or her Work—or be guilty of any other Misbehaviour —is liable , at the discretion of any one Magistrate '—a hundred mi ! es off it may be to be sent to the Treadmill—to Northleach or Nowgata —for two months ! „ " Nor ia this all . ^ -Women a . nd f ' HiL » REN—where wa < i Lord Ashley ?—the woman who refuses to work eleven hours , may , iin the opinion of a long-chirnneyman , bo ' guilty of Misbehaviour '—the child jwho shrieks as the ' Billy Roller' bruises its young flesh

      may ba guilty of' Misbehaviour ' : —the ' Agent' may lay the charge—the' Master ' may decide it I Wojifn and Children !— English blood boils at the thought —ore to bo subject to this !!! We need not go further jd to the matter . Let one fact suffice : father , mother aud child may at one and the same time be sent to « aol-to tho Treadmill-for two months—for what in the opinion of one magistrate-on the oath of a viewer or agent ^ is a ' misbehaviour . ' One fact more : the Bill is to extend to every servant or workman , or other person , who contracta to work for 1 any other person' for a certain time , or by the job Or ia ANT OTHEE MANNER . '

      ^ "To whom will the Bill not apply ? a curate is ' a person , ' and ho contracts to work for a rector who is ' another person . ' So are lawyers and doctors ' persons , ' aud clients and patients are 'other porsons . ' " It is idle , however , to go further into the thing . The lesson , like | the treadmill , is suited to the meanest capacity ; and , like that , when once learnt , will not soon be forgotten !"

      Such i- tho naUii-c of tho atrooious measure ; and such will bo its [ operation , if suffered to become law ! ;

      Untitled Article

      Now , what say the Wdhkers ! Will they sit still 1 Will they look on with apathy or ir . difference ? Will not they stir ? If they do not stir , and that quickly too , thkik hands are bound down beyond ths possibility of stirring I To work then every man ! every shop ! and every" Union" ! Call meetings of each trade , either general meotings , or shop meetings , or local meetings- ; but meetings of some sort or other ; and petition ; petition ; pg . tition ! !!

      Below is &form of petition from the same pen that drewup the excellent expose we have above given . Ifc is so arranged as to serve for all trades , all shops or eveu for individuals . It will merely re quire writing out ou a sheet of paper , and have appended to it the signatures of those whose names it is to bear . When so signed , it can be forwarded throug h the post to any Member of Parliament . If rolled up ,

      and mclssed in a cover , op ? n at both ends , like a newspaper prepared for post , and bear upon the cover the words " petition to Parliament , " it will go post free . As Mr . Duncombe and Mr . Feerand have taken the most prominent part in opposing this execrable measure , it would be well to send the main of the petitions to those two gentlemen : but send them to any one who will present them , sooner than not send at all .

      There is a fortnight to work in . Let it be well spent . We trust that not a meeting of working mea will pass over , during that time , without the adoption of the petition given below , or one like it . If such petition be signed by the chairman it will do . It can be adopted by the workmen in any shop or factory ; be signed by one on behalf of tho rest , and transmitted at above . During the next fortnight thore are to be meetings in Yorkshire and Lancashire in favour of tbe Ten Hours' Bill , This is determined on . Leeds Meeting is to be on Monday ; Bradford on Tuesday j

      Huddersfield on Wednesday ; Halifax on Thursday ; Keighley on Friday ; and Holmfirth on Saturday . It wodld be well " to kill two birds with one btone . " Let some body go prepared to finch meetings , with a copy of the following petition , and propose it for adoption . It but needs so proposing , to ensure the hearty co-operation of every friend of Labour . And to compensate for this use of Labour's meeting , let every trade , and every shop of workmen , when petitioning fo r the rejection of the damnable atrocity , petition also for the panging of the Ten Hours' Bill .

      To work , then , every one ! The time is short : let not a moment be lost . Here is the petition : — TO THE HONOURABLE THB COMMONS OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND , IN PARLIAMENT AS " SEMBLED . The Petition of the undersigned [ here say tailors , shoemakers , or as the case way be if the petition is from a Trade or Society , or from a Shop ] , being inhabitants f , in the county of .

      Untitled Article

      Humbly Sheweth , —That great alarm has been occasioned among your petitioners by the introduction into your Honourable House of " A Bill for enlarging the powers of Justicfs in determining complaints between Masters , Servants , and Artificers , and for the more effectual Recovery of Wages before Justices , " and which Bill has already passed through several stages necessary for its becoming a law . That the Bill above-mentioned proposes to give greater powers to a single magistrate than were ever given before to any magistrate , or even to a Judge ; &n 4 wore despotic , as your petitioners respectfully suggest , than is consistent with the liberty which your petitioners are taught te regard as their birthright as subjects-of th » British Crown .

      That your petitioners desire to cull the attention of your Honourable House to the following particulars of the above-mentioned Bill , which to them appear to be entirely subversive of fresdom . By the proposed Bill one Justice is empowered to act alone ; such Justlpe is empowered to hear the case in any place tfeat he thinks proper , and is not restrained to trying the question in » court or in public ; and personal service of the summons may be dispensed with , and consequently the servant ^ or workman , or artificer proceeded against may receive no notice cf his immediate trial but the warrant by which he is apprehend « ^ .

      Your Petitioners also desiw to call the attention of your Honourable Houso to tho fact , thai under the pro posed Bill it is not necessary that the contract for service should be in writing ; and that the words subjecting ; every workman and artificer in the kingdom to imprieonment and hard labour , are , " Guilty of any other misbehaviour ; " and that only one witness is requisite to- prove such contract or misbehaviour ; and that such witness may be the master , or employer , or his agent ; . and tbnt the case may oe heard in any one part of the kingdom , although all the circumstances occurred in another and distant part of the kingdom ; and yoor petitioners respectfully submit , that these words and circumstances are so vai ; ue and indefinite as naturally to intro ' . uca uncertainty , and injustice , and discontent , and a departure from those strict rules of evidence and description which have hitherto-been regar Jed as one of tbe principal and most necessary safeguards against a harsh , or hasty , or capricious exercise of judicial authority .

      And yonr petioners desire also to suggest to your Honourable Hrase . that so large an abrogation of the right of Trial by Jury , ( for the Bill referred to proposfes not merely to extend to cases of master and aervant , but to all cases of employment of every description , ) as ia contemplated by the present Bill , ia caleulated to impair tho public faith in the stability of the British Constitution . Your petitioners implore your Honourable House to regard this circumstance wife extreme anxiety . They respectfully , but most earnestly submit that so sweeping a consignment of all the employed labourers and others in the kingdom to the unchecked jurisdiction of a single Magistrate , for an offdnce so vague and indefinite as " misbehaviour / ' will ba a wo't auwise exercise of the power veBted in tb . 8 Legislature .

      Your petitioners therefore humbly pray your Honourable House that your Honourable House will be pleased not to piss the proposed Bill ; and your petitioners farther pray that your Honourable House will not now sanction , and that you will at all times oppose , any farther deprivation of the Constitutional Right of Trial by Jury . And your petitioners will ever pray .

      Untitled Article

      William Ross . Bradford . — His poetry is not sufficiently poetical . A . Looker On , Potteri es>—We have no room . J . K . Smith , Ashton-unuer-Lyije . —We know of do law to prevent his friends reciting the report of the Lancaster Trials , so lung as they do not attempt to perform as players in an unlicensed theatre . Bythe-by we should think whoever enacts the patt of Baron Kolfe will have a tough job of it , when he comes to tho " summing up . " The case of the victim Richahds . —Notwithstanding the laudable anxiety of the Victim Fund Committee to prevent appeals being made for particular individuals , that thereby the General Fund may have the undivided support of the Chartist party , we caunot refuse insertion to the following touching appeal . T&e writer in ' orms us that until within the last week or two , poov Richards haa

      maintained his spirits , and bravely borne without shrinking all the suffering neaped upon his aged frame . But now that he sees nothing being rtoua tat him , now that he has no prospect but the Union Workhouse on his liberation , bs sinks into despondency o « well he may , at the wretched prospect before him . We understand that five shillings from Nottingham , and four shillings from the Potteries is all he has received in tho course of his imprisonment We hope that something will now be ' done to save the Cbartififc party from the disgrace of any further indifference to the veteran ' s ntjeessittts

      To the Chartist Pubuc—Bj tbo strong sense ol justice neld by- th * Editors of the Stor , I was enabled throu sli thei . medium , to appeal to yonr Benae of duty on bthalf of Richard .-,, the Chartist prisoner . Since that appeal was ronje . seeing and feehng the wretchedness of his situation , I bave looked , week after week , for your reaponse ; But , alas 1 none has yet appeared . While in prison awaiting his trial , in 1842 , his horns was despoiled by his meroilcss landlord , and his helpless wife cast honselesa and penniless upon the world . He has now no homeHb

      . has forfeited all to serve y « u ; and shall it be , that after having doao tfcu , on leaving priaon , you will force him , through your neg-ect of duty , to become an inmate of that " accursed bouse of wob " - the bastile 0 . men ! who profess to hold fast by tQ& Givme pjompticga of democracy , justice and benevolence ,-act consistent with your professions ; and let this poor oh ! man . on his release on the 3 rd day of May next , receive justice at your hands . —??* PEPLOW . Stafford , March 24 Eh , 1844 . John Fergusson , Scndkri . a ^ d . —We are compelled to postpone the promised" n * . Ace for a week or two . 9

      Lynn , NoRFOiK .-Luke Potter writes us that the OnartwtB ef this place are very desirous of . i * i » ft from O'Connor in th 9 course of the ensuing summer . Mr . Potter informs us that he has opened a Cnartiat ay d Temperanca Hotel , in Tower-street , where the northern star and other liberal publications are provided for the accommodation of his friends . The Pouts . —J . B ., Wigan ; and J . G . Watts , aM respectfully declined . Other tiveurs are under consideration . W . EMKiiHSON , Arnold . —Certainly not The Highway Rite haa nothing to do with the election x Guirdians . If any vete was rejected , because . WS& rote was not paid , it was illegally rejected ,.

      Cijsrifsa 3rntrijfsnur.

      Cijsrifsa 3 rntrIJfsnur .

      The Southern Stak. Saturday, April 6, 1844.

      THE SOUTHERN STAK . SATURDAY , APRIL 6 , 1844 .

      Untitled Article

      IRELAND'S DEGRADATION BILL . In the name of common sense what oould have induced Lord Pliot , possessing a high respect for his own character , to have proposed his Irieh Diifranchisement Bill to tho Houso of Commons I Why not have handed over the honour and glory of putting the last rivet in Ireland ' s fetters to the mischief-loving Graham t Why has he condescended to dip his comparatively clean hands bo

      deeply in the official pitch pot ? Is it that he iB blind to what must be the inevitable effect of his own measure , or is it that in its success he recognises the probable stability of a bad Government ; and that he is anxious to qualify himself for permanency of office under it ? There are thirty two counties in Ireland ; and the county constituency amounts to somewhere about 40 , 000 ; 25 , 000 of which number the Noble Lord proposes to disqualify , and for them to substitute 55 , 000 " faggot votes . "

      In our consideration of the mrasure as a whole , we pass over the bit of £ o freehold fascination thrown into it , aud shall deal with the effect whioh its success must inevitably produce . The Irish Judges have decided that the -t' ) 0 interest created by the Reform Bill means a beneficial interest over and above what a solvent tenant could ^ ive for his holding ; and the registering Barristers have invariably applied a very large scale of social and domestic comfort to the discovery of whether or not this beneficial interest of . £ 10 really does exist . For instance , -A . ha 3 a loase of forty acres of

      ground , and when he applies for the registration of a £ 10 vote , under that instrumon ? , the following is the description of examination to which he is subjected by opposing counsel : —What do you pay for your forty aeres 1 £ 40 a-ycar . r-And do jou mean to say that it is worth £ 50 i I mean to Bay that I would not give it for £ 50 . —Come , Sir , on yoHT oath , if you were to take it now , would yon give £ 50 for it ! I had rather have it for £ 40 . — Come , Sir , on your oath , would you give £ 50 for it ! Upon my oath , then , I would , rather thau lose i ' . — That won ' t do , Sir . Would a solvent tenant , going

      to take your farm now , give £ 50 a-year for k ? O , I can't say what another might do ; may bo there are some that would offer anything to gOi houid of it , because 1 improved it a bit . —How many children have jou 1 1 has seven , then . —Do they help you ? Some of them . —Are there any of them at school 3 There is then , indeed ; three of the little things ai school , sure enongh . —What do you pay a quarter » Why , nwt alike ; I pays 8 s . for lhe bU' / je . si , and 7 .. for tho next , and 5 s . for the little one . —Havo jou any servants 1 I have , then ; two girls and a boy . — What wages do you pay them ? I pays one 15 s . a

      quarter , and the other 10 s . a quarter , aud the gorsoon 7 s . a quarter . —Do you pay your taxes ? Wieha , I suppose I must pay them , whether or no . —Now , Mr . Repealer , I ask you , Sir , on your oa-iu , aao mind , Mr . O'Dhiscoll , your landlord , is ou the bench , taking down your words ; and L ask you now on your oath , if , after payiug your iu . Ua and taxts , the schooling of your children , tho wages of your servants , and feeding and clothing your family , you swear that at the end of every year you have £ 10 , after paying your rent 1 Why , what has that to do with it ! It may have more oae year , and

      less another , according to the times and tho ssasons . —Come , Sir , I ask you if you have £ 10 every y < ar ] I won't say I have ; but 1 say that I pays my way , and that I w « uld ' nt lave my farm for £ 60 a-year . Now , then , will that do you ?—No , Sir , it will not . I ask yon now , if any competent Judge in Court will swear that your farm is worth £ 50 a-year ? How can I tell what another will give . —Counsel—You may go down , Sir . I submit cow , your Wor ship , that this applicant should be rejected . Barrister—Don ' t you think that it would be right to examine his landlord ? Very well , your worship . Mr . O'Dsiecoix—You may stay upon the Bench ; I shan ' t trouble you to come upon the table . You

      are a Magistrate cf this County . I believe , I WAS . Do you know the farm out of whioh the last applicant seeks to register ? 1 do very well . —Now , Sir , I askyou , npon your oath , as a gentleman , could you coNsciENTiousLr ask £ 50 a-ycar ior that farm ? On my oath , I would ' nt oousider it worth it ; Aud I know that applicant applied to me last year for a reduction of his rent , as he said £ 40 was too much . Applicant from the body of the Court—Because you were PULLING IT OUT OF ME IN OTHER WAYS . And why ahould ' nt I save myself if I could ? Counsel—Poiiop , put that fellow out of Court . Now , your Worship , I hope you are satisfied , and that you'll reject this application . Barrister—Certainly . Reject it .

      Not ? such is precisoly the character that the Irish Judges have affixed to a £ 10 beneficial interest . And without much stretch of imagination , we may refer to the general oomplaint against Irish Landlords for " over-letting , " and that description of examination to which such applicants are subjected as proof of the fact , that when this diecription of franchise ia obtained , there can be no doubt as to

      the existence of tbe required interest . We may also conclude that parties having such an interest , which can only be derived from occupation under a lease , are more independent of their landlords than tbos ? who occupy at the mere will of the landlord . And yet Lord Eliot audaciously proposes to disfranchise 25 , 000 out of 40 , 000 of this class of voters , aud would justify the act by the substitution ef 55 , 000 slaves , by conferring upon them tbat Chandoa frau-

      Co 23?Auprg Anu &Lt;£Orr*0p&Lt;Tt«I*Utg.

      Co 23 ? auprg anU < £ orr * 0 p < tt « i * utg .

      Untitled Article

      4 THE NORTHERN STAR . April 6 , 1843 .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 6, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1259/page/4/