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THE SOfiTHEKN STAR SATURDAY, JUNE 8, 1844.
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Two op ;ie Colliebs Delfoates at present in London will -?isit Manchester, and other prin-
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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INJHA AM > CHINA . The Indian Mail of tbe 1 st of May does not contain say very remarkable intelligence . The dissatisfaction -which prevailed , at the departure of the April Mail , amongst the native troop 3 had ceased . Tee « npreme Government had , by the adoption , of judicious , and at the same time severe , measures , trought die Sepoys to & fall sense of duly . One regiment , the 34 th Bengal Regiment , was disbanded in the mest impressive manner . The disbanding "Was & painful sight . The men had always been -quiet and peaceable , but they had mingled themselves ¦ with the mutineers of other corps , and they were ordered to be paid np and discharged from the series .
The Beagilregiments that haTe gone to northern Sinde are likely to find employment , in consequence of a revolt brought about to the north of Sbikarpore iy & ehief named Bijee Khan , who , having placed iimself at the head of some cavalry , attempted to plunder the country . A party of horse , under the command of Captain Taite , wag sent to take him prisoner ; but he repulsed them , and cut down ten aurd wounded twenty of the British troops . This event had taken place near Poolajee , and had avrakened all the enagies of Sir C . Napier , who was determined to put down the disturbance in the bud .
The heat had set in there with great force , but Ike health &f the troopB did no ! appear to suffer . Every cfibrt is made by certain parties to irritate Sir C . Napier hy criticism and censure . He is Allowed to be a gallant soldier , but his acts as Governor and administrator are commented upon by las opponents with acrimony . It is -necessary to explain that fact in order to place his character in * fair light before England . Be has taken the command as Colocel of the 22 nd Regiment , and his address to the regiment on that occasion is worthy Of both .
The news from the Ponjaub represents that country in as disturbed a state as ever . Another member of the Dogra family has fallen the victim of his own nephew . Two of Ronjeet Singh' s reputed sons , named Cash-ZBefcra and Pesaora , had raised a party asd endeavoured to oppose the rale of Heera Singh and his puppet -king . They Btauoned themselves at Seaikote , a fortress about eighty miles north of Lahore . Heera Singh sent troops to attack them , but they defended themselves with bravery . Amongst the chiefs di sposed to support their cause was the uncle of Heera Singh , Sachet Singh , a . brave but rash soldier . The army of Lahore , who aow hold xhe Teins of power ,
and who are ruled by Share Singh , because he has the disposal of the Treasury , invited Sachet Singh to corns to Lahore , and promised to pat him at their head . He came with about five hundred followers , and took up a position . Heera Sing , in great alarm , Bide all sorts of promises to the artsy , and led them to attack his uncle . Sachet Singh mads promises also , but the army knew who had the money , and adhered to Heera . Sachet attempted to retreat with his small "band , got into aTaqueer's house , and fortified it . Beera caused the artillery to play upon it , and soon forced the party to come out . They made an attack upon their assailants sword in hand . Suchet and his Minister , and some of his most attached adherents were slain , fleers is dpseribed
as weeping over his uncle ' s body , and caused every honour to be paid to the remains . The only brother of Heera ' s father , Dhyan Singh , is Goolah , who is said to be highly indignant at the death of his brother but it is presumed he will be more cautious in his proceedings . The fall of Sachet was a deathblow to the hopes of tie pretenders at Seaikote ; they fled , aad their partisans dispersed . The news from China extends to the 10 th of March . A ship was seized with opiam on board n the port of Shanghai , and sent down to Yiotoiia , where she was subsequently liberated on payment of a fine of 500 dollars . This seizure appears to have been brought about by a British merchant , who compelled both the Chinese authorities and the British Consul . to take official notice of the opium being on board . Several chests were thrown intoj the sea , and others injured . This step has brought j the question of the treaty and of the opium smuggling i into discussion .
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Manchester . —The Whiteoaiide holidays of the present week have been somewhat similar to those of preceding years ; save and except that there has not been so many Sunday school children parading the streets , owing to the facility gives by the numerous railway companies of taking the scholars into the country . It-has been truly pleasing to see the bains that have left the various stations each mornings taking the poor little factory slaves out of the smoke and dust of the " Emporium of Commerce , " to enjoy the sweets of a rural treat . We cannot but feel pleased thai they have been , once in the year , at least , allowed to get a laouihful of fresh air , and for a few hours have the privilege of
famboling in the green fields of their father-land . " ' erhaps these periodical visits may beget in their minds something like a hankering for ihe Dressing Of every day beholding the works of n&iure , and breathing she para air of heaven in preference to the contaminated atmosphere of a " cotton ratUebox , * It is , however , strangB that these festivities cannot be allowed -mthout making party distinctions But such , unfortunately , is the case . L » 3 t year , the Chartists of this town hired a boat , and went on an excursion to Barton-npon-IrwelL This year they thought of taking the scholars belonging to Carpenter ' s Hall Sunday school on a similar trip ; but when they applied for a boat at the proper quarter , they -were told that tiea orders were " not to let the Chartists have a boat on any account . ' And further that *• if they succeeded in getting one
through the efforts of an unknown person , the moment it was found out the boat was to be tied up . " "We have been informed that the Socialists have been treated in the same manner , but cannot speak for the truth of it . If such indeed be the case , It becomes a serious question ; " "What is the reason thai those iwo bodies must be debarred from enjoying the privileges given to others ?'' JFhia piece of party spleen did not however prevent the ChailiBta from letting the publie of Manchester see that there was such a thing as a Chartist school in existence . On Friday , at noon , the scholars assembled in the hall , and a little after one o ' clock they formed into procession , preceded by a , band « f music and proceeded np Brook-street , Garrett-road , down Portlasdsfcreet , Piccadilly , London-road , to Ardwick-green , where thev halted and sung the Chartist
Hymn—• ' IsO i - we come , -we come , we comej At freedoms' holy call -, " and from thence to Bell Tue Zoological Gardens ^ Hyde-icad ; the proprietor of which had kindly given them permission io view the splendid collection of birds and animals kept at this popular place place of public resort ; that gentleman also accommodated them with a fidd for the children to play in ; and all without charging one single -farthing . After they had arrived at the field , which is at a short distance from the gardens , each scholar was
supplied with a currant bun and half a pint of new milk . The refreshments having been disposed of , the smaller children engaged in several innocent games , and the larger ones enjoyed the old English treat of a dance upon the green . After they had been again supplied with another bun each , and milk , they again walked round the garden , and proceeded back to the hall , where they arrived at about eight o ' clock , and enjoyed themselves for a short time , when they broke up highly gratified with their day ' s treat .
GraSD PbCCEFSION OP THE MANCHESTER jUTD S . llfoxd Total Ab 3 H 5 encb Societies . —On Saturday last , the above societies made one of the most glorious turnouts" that ever was witnessed in that town , both & 3 regards numbers and respectability . In the procession -we counted ten bands of mnsie , and npwards of ninety large banners , besides small la :- > s . The procession was composed of a great number of gentlemen on horseback , and carriages , gigs , spring carts , shandries , and other vehicles . The greater portion of the sons of temperance , with their ¦ wives , rode in carriages of one kind or other . Something like an idea may be formed of the procesaon , when we state that it was three quarters of an hour in passing any given point . Jt has been allowed by all who saw theprocessioD . that it was one of the best that was ever Been in Manchester , excepting Mr . O'Connor ' s liberation display .
A FoBBuitE-TBttEB . —On . Satnrday last , a woman named Mary Jones , was committedlp / Wakefield House of Correction for three month ? , under the Tagrant Act , for obtaining . money from a _ ypoi * woman named Mary Clark * servant to Mr , Abbey , in TFpper FonntahvEtieet , Leeds , under preieuoo of beiag able to reveal to her . the name of a party who had stolen a silver spoon from ^ , Abbey ' s house and also to acquaint her with sundry pieces- of good fortuno which were in store for herself . The woman professed to be deaf and dumb ; she found . the use of her tongue , -howpver , when Ehe had been some fane in custody . . , . , . -
Tias is Totteb ^ Steeee . —On Sunday morning shortly after fliree o ' clock , a fire bioke outin the gpaeiouB Jang £ > f premises ^ lif the ocenpahoVof , Thomar Bale , biyiher ,: carrying on busujess afJfo . 80 , Tower-steetS . ItappwiB tfcat ^ MrlHatehjiQself -was about the * first" person" to make thediscovery He , wif k the « et ef the family and servaats ^ yrere in bed , -nltn all of a sudden he was awoke by a dense Suffocating body of smoke entering his" bed-room The different persons is the house -haying -effected their escape , it was tfisn " seen , thatibelfire was raging in tfee , parlour " a $ "theback of fiiec shop . The parish engines were immediately at " £ fie scehe , fol-Jowed bj throetflHers , belonging Kfthebrigade , with ihe Vest of EgTaniTone .. ^? ater i > eing ; quickJy obtained , ihe Srei ^ ebgiBe wasfet , to wort , and the fapwa were soon * ex 6 ngui 5 hed' ; Sot , ' how ever , until the contents of that part of th ^ building in which they commenced were nearly destroyed , and the baUding extensively damaged .
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"WxsT-RnHrG Delegatb Meetisg . —This meeting was held in the large rooni over the Co-operative Stores , Dtwsbury , on Sunday last , when dsIegalfcB attended from the following places : —Halifax , Mr . J . Crosslandj Huddersfield District , D . Gledhill , J . Kelso , and Oliver Walker ; Dewsbury , W . Eob-Fhsw and E . Clark ; Bradford Central Locality , T . Cobe , Horton , J . Waddingion , J . Cawthra ; Wakefield , Isaao Wood ; Liversedge , J . Hatfield . . Mr . Rob 3 haw was elecied to the obair . The secretary read over the minutes of the previous meeting , which , on the motion of Mr . Gledhill , seconded by Mr . Wood , were confirmed j and the delegates- pre-Bent handed in the levy . A long conversation ensued as to what purpose the levy had been laid
, and also respecting some oat-standing debts against the Riding , which it seems has been the cause of some not over good feeling , arising from some of the localities not clearing off their accounts . It was ultimately agreed to let the subject stand over for the present . The most friendly feeling was displayed by the delegates present , and each appeared anxious to promote the progress of the organization , and push forward the oause of Chartism . We are happy to say that Dembury and its District , once the hot-bed of Chartism , is likely to be itself again . After some further discussion on local lecturing , &c , the follow i ng resolutions were agreed to : — ** That ther list bow made out be received and approved of , as fit and proper persons to offioiate as
local secretaries , and that each delegate take a list of their names for the guidance of the localities they represent . " " That as the cards and plans of organ . xation are now ready , we again call on the Chartists in the various localities in the West-Riding to came forward and take oul their cards of membership under the sew plan of organization , inasmuch as it appears to the delegates now present that the plan jsan never be carried into practical effect unm Euch time as the people come forward and show a determination to support the Executive . We would also recommend tho propriety of getting voluntary subscriptions as a means of supporting the same . " " That this meeting do now aoj ^ urn to the first Sunday in July , to be then holden in this room . "
BRADFORD . —On Sunday evening , the Chartists of Little Honon met in the school-room , Parkplace , Mr . Waddington reported the proceedings of the West-Biding Delegate Meeting , which gave satisfaction . LEEDS . —On Sunday last , the Bev . W . Jackson , from Manchester , delivered ; wo lectures to numerous audiences ; and likewise on the Monday night , after the lecture , four children were christened by Mr . Jackson . Two of the parents , instead of giving their shillings to the parson of the . church , gave them to the Executive . This is a very worthy example . If all the Chartists would bring their children to their own places to be christened , and give the fees to the snppsrt of the Execcriye , a very large sum woald be raised . It is probable that on the next visit of Mr . Jackson to this town , a good number will be brought after the lecture on Monday night . A vote of thanks were unanimously given to Mr . Jackson .
The Sofithekn Star Saturday, June 8, 1844.
THE SOfiTHEKN STAR SATURDAY , JUNE 8 , 1844 .
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THE ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS' ABOMINATION .
Thb reader's aitention is called to the startling rcvealment of the abominations and frauds practised in the Ecclesiastical Courts , which will be found in the report of Mb . T . S- Duncombe's able and elof uent speech in the House of Commons ^ on Friday last : a speech as remarkable for its research as for the boldness of its tone . It appears to have excited the risibility of our Christian Legislators to no ordinary extent . The blow he then Btruck at the Ecclesiastical Courts' Bill , is one which will be long felt . Indeed , ho may be fairly said to have given it its quietus : for Government will find it almost
impossible to carry the measure , in the teeth of t *» strong opposition organised against them . On Friday they only dragged one clause through committee ; and a reference to the subsequent proceeding in the House will show that Sir R . Pxel was unable to fix a day when he would try the fate of the second clause . We trust that the blow so well aimed , and so well planted , will be sturdily followed up : and that we shall soon have the high gratification of congratulating the country on the entire defeat of another McwsTiK Bill , through the gallant exertions of the bold and brave Mb . DuacoitBE .
If Ministers are defeated in the attempt to " amend '' the constitution of the standing disgrace of England , the whole system of Ecclesiastical Juris ~ diction will totter to the earth , and the ' business " now confided to " Doctors and Proctors" be transferred to those courts of law , -whose constitution and mode of procedure are somewhat in accordance with the principles of common sense . Next week we Ehall give , in full , tho Bill of the
rBi ? Hc ? o ? Foster , from which Mr . Dukcomie qnoted with so much effect , and which he made to tell so powerfully against the Ecclesiastical Courts , as shewing their utter uselessnes 3 , when such a state of society exists as that Bill pourtrays , and ichich these \ courts -were instituted partly to prevent . A perusal of the Bill will show that Mr . Ddncohbb is right ; and that the Bishop ' s Bill affords a conclusive reason -why the Ecclesiastical Adomisations should be swept away .
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VISIT OF MR . O'CONNELL TO THE GOTERNOR OF THE RICHMOND PENITENTIARY . Thebe is often more in the mode of doing a thing than in the thing itself ; and we have no doubt that had Mr . O'Coknell's present host been a friend ! and acquaintance of his , that an invitation for a I year ' s sojourn in that hospitable mansion , situated as it is , with all the advantages that scenery , quiet , ! asd Ealubrious air can confer , would have been ] accepted , as well from those numerous advantages
& 3 from the necessity for temporary relaxation and retirement from the busy bustle of an exciting political life at the Learned Gentleman ' s advanced age ^ It is not therefore to the thing itself that Mr ' O'Cokxeia can object ; but to the mode of doing it ) Here it may be necessary to inform the reader that ~ Mr . O'Coxsnj , is the guest of the Governor of the Richmond Penitentiary j that a suite of apartments have bees allotted to Mb use , and the spaoious garden for exercise ground . j that while Carrickfergus ^ aad gilmamhani were spoke of , suitable arrange ¦ ments were being made for Mr . O'Coaaxii ' ajecep-4 ioirafr his present residence j that he holds levees , receives company , and entertains whom he ; pleases
. throughout the . day without let , _ Mndranee , or limi-. t&tion . Soeh is bis present position , against which the ' only objection or dxawbaekis , tha ^ ik fa acepmpinied with the logs / of the ~ cbar # . of infailibility -with which the Learned Genilemas had led ids followers to-believe he was gifted } . and to ^ trip him of wbicli , webelieve in our conscience , every , artifice , juggle , and injustice was . strainedr ; by jlegal functionaries , the strong Government , and the Press . - We doubt much , however ^ that ihe grand political maxim of all statesmen , "to make the thing last their time , " will barealised to the present temporary viotors over Ireland . They have triumphed for the day . not over Mb . O'Corhsu- —not over . Ireland—
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TRIAL AND CONVICTION OP THE COALOWNERS FOR CONSPIRING AGAINST THE PITMEN AND THE PUBLIC . Since the commencement of the differences between the Coal-Masters and the Pitmen , we have maintained that position for the Colliers which a larger section of the newspaper press will now be compelled to assume . We have laid down the principle that under the present grinding system , the very fact of a poor man complaining of ihe injustice of a rich man , is " prina facie" if not conclusive , evidence of the justice of his claim . In the case of the Colliers , however , nothing was left to doubt . The case , the circumstances connected with it , and everything relating to it , were so clear and palpable as to leave no doubt upon the mind of any disinterested and impartial judge .
Before we make our comment upon the debate on Tuesday night last , inserted in another place , we must be allowed , in order to keep our claim alive , te say a word to the triumvirate of the Durham Chronicle * apart from the general question . We would ask Messieurs . Bkecknell and Nixon , attornies and proprietors of that journal , and Mr . Veitch , the editor , stationer , tea-dealer , schoolmaster , and host of the City Tavern , what they now think of their clients , branded as they have been , not by Tories , but by Free Traders ; not by Commoners only , but by Lordly Coahmners themselves ?
What will Mr . Bbecknell , the sober , thinking , quondam advocate of the Miners' every claim , exposer of their every grievanoe , defender of their faith , and so forth , " now say to the declaVation of Mr . Hums , that he had consulted the Aitornet-Geneual as to the propriety of indicting the coalturners for a conspiracy t What will he say to the chastisement administered to them by Mr . WarmvBzon , the Free-Trade pet of Kendal ? What will he say to Mr . Alderman Humphrey ' s exposure of their
trickB ? and above all , what will he say to the cowardly appeal of the noble soion of the house of Ravens worth , ( Mr . Lidpell ) , to the Hon . Member for Finsbnry , not to introduce the grievances of the Pitmen or the merits of the Strike , into the discussion of the poal question I O ! publicity is good—is right—is righteous where the grievances of the Buffering masters , and the abuse of the rascally men is the object ! But O I forbear from rubbing the tender sore when the voice of the injured is likely to be beard !
What will Mr . Attorney Brfckneil , —who was defeated in the attempt to secure the oftce of Attorney General to the Miners , —say , not merely to the speech of Mr . Duncombe , but to the loud and renewed cheers with which his bold and manly defence of the Pitmen was received ? In another part we have printed the petition of the pitmen : a petition which Mr . Duncombk very ingeniously contrived
to have printed with the votes of the House , thereby placing it in the hands of every member of the House : a petition so creditable to the men , that Mr . Duncombk had it read by the Clerk to the House : a petition so valuable to the cause of the Colliers , that Mr . Duncowbk again road it himself to the House , amid long and continuous cheering what we ask will the defeated Breckneu , say to all thia t
The general question of the Colliers strike is now before the country ; and it becomes our daty to follow it , rather than waste the passing moment in any retort upon the beastial attacks of the disappointed Bbkcknell upon his successful rival . The Pitmen will understand the amount of support aad sympathy which they are likely to receive" from- ihe paper of tvf » "Free Trade" Attornies , with an Editor constituting" Mine Host" of the City Tavern , where the thirsty Coal Kings do congregate . We
had a strong notion that the si ; bait thrown out for a nibble , clumsily as the fly was tied , came from a Masters' angler . We did thiafc that some pet& fogging Attorney ' s Clerk was- fishing with the butfc end of the hk ^ . for some legal information to b& wrung from the unpurchaseable legal adviser of the Colliers ; but we could not hare supposed that thelegal absurdities printed in the "' stereotyped" newspaper could have come from the pen of a sworn . Solicitor .
la commenting : upon the T homely case , and theactions brought by Ma . Roberto against the masters , arising out of that case , the legal scribe of the Dur * ham Chronicle wants to kuow the advantage to bederived from the ~ couree , and makes his own ignor * ance justification for complaint against Mb . Roberts ! He would lead the men to believe that £ 40 , 000 was to be divided amongst them as the .
result of this step . However , fortunately for the men , for their cause , and for their'advocate , we find the following reasons assigned ia the Northern Star > of the 30 th of December last for the course pursued by- Mb . Roberts- ; and from a perusal of the subjoined extract from the Star of that date it will be seen that the boastful declaration of Mr . Marshall , 11 Well , wk ' ix have morb or them up , " was the cause of Mr . Roserts ' s ulterior proceedings .
" We learn from Mr . Roberts Dint Mr . Mahshaul , the Solicitor of the Coal Kings , said , upon leaving the Constitutional Judge , " we ' ll , well , have mgre 09 THEM UP . " Sufficient onto the day is the evil thereof , and should the masters carry the threat of Mr . Marshall . into effect , be and they shall find that sufficient unto the aot snail be our comment thereon . But the men to whom the words , of the Solicitor may be a warn In ? , or a dagger , wilL be pleased to leara that Mr . Robbbzs baa taken it as the herald'a proclamation of war , aa the black flag intimating no qu&rter .
And although perfectly willing to rest satisfied with the triumph that his clients had acbieved . be became at once bound , cay forced , compelled by this declaration ~ f war ; to attack the fortress cf the en ^ -my ; and to this end be haa , under the advioe of able counsel * filed a bill against the masters for Violation of all thu terms of the contract , and'will follow it up by an application for an infraction to Btay all further proceedings against the Colliers until tha issue between them is tried . Be has further served the magistrates with notices- ; of action for the illegality of their decision .
" We trtwt that the Whig and Tory tools of the masters—the Durham Advertiser , that neves bos time to write a comment upon passing events—and the Durham Chrohide , that doesn't know how to write upon the past , present , or future , will , if they dabble at alt in this case , tell their few readers that the course about to be pu » a * ed by Mr . Roberts has been forced upon him by Mr . Marshall , the Solicitor for the Goal Kings , aodcommunicite to the shopkeepers of Durham the fact , that the £ 650 a fortnight taken , out of their tills , baa been taken out , or rather kept out , not by Mr . Roberts , but by the injustice , the cruelty , and intolerance * of the tyrant saunters . "
Let the men now ask the disappointed Breck .-nell , whether the Thornely men , aye , and all the men of Northumberland and Durham , have not had ample compensation in arresting the brutal threat of Mr . Marshall , for the expenso of those proceedings , even if it was twenty times as great ? Had it not been for that wise and judicious step of Mr . Roberts , which was not taken without the full concurrence and unqualified approval of able Counsel , the threat would have been carried into extensive operation , and the cases ef imprisonment would have been so numerous that all the recent
triumphs would have either been lost , or the cost of achieving them would have been so great , that poor B % 'ECKVVUj'iuntaxedbill , fttrnished last week , would have been swelled to . an extent so enermous as to make his teeth doubly water . The rabid trash of flie triumvirate , ntoder thf feigned signature ^ of « a Weab-sidbh , " and , sb forth ., written , OT « r their cups at the City . Tavern , and mumbled amid the fumigated cheers of the innocent and ? Muous masters , are tod inisiigtii | c 4 pit ; and lowly" for ^^ ^ rariher domment than * ' FibGa ^ Y ioiHEB" ! nonsense" ! One word ' to Mr : Br £ cknblx , apart from his p ^ ' o-
; prietorshipiBemi-ediforship , and bachan 4 I f ^* eT ® lr y . Does he think ip professional ' to en | ea ^ 6 ^ r ^ y ( insolent aad vulgar y ltuj > e ? ififl ) i ' jio Vfornuthe ^ re $ j £ ^ Jm clients from a aworn Solicitor f Or , does , he thiak Mr . Roskr « b foot enough , floffr % h < iagh ^' or ^' yetf ' igiOTrSnt ea 6 ugb » ^ . ^ aVe ' a jjwwaig CA ^»|^ Jtt 8 ar ^ g <> f ^ o pitmen ' s case ! : We are glad to learn from his . tery Bilenoe that he-understands Mb duties and engage ' tnentB $ ; ^ clients ; ' at ^ tomoj . t < Mi y ([! Bil tip / -ib ^ i r ^ ed into any reveal | nent , p . f Jtheir worekB . Arid now we return to the general question : and having / as well kst weak as in several previous numbers of the Star , dkciisscd the , grievances pf the Pitmen in defcjj ,
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we shall now take aj review of the remedies by which they propose to put a stop to those grievances The coal trade , like the factory system , has sprung into a kind of mushroom existence : its laws , rules and regulations being the will , the order , and the whim of ihe owners , { and the magistrates , ( being owners . Life and limb has not been even a eecondary consideration with the corporation of " CONSPIRATORS "—[ we use the Parliamentary phrase ] —while to their " viewers" butties" and " understrappers" have been delegated all the powers by which their own ascendancy has been preserved
Aa is the case of the grievances of the middle system in Ireland , so it is with the middle colliers in England : the middlemen , establishing all those coercive laws by which the trade is regulated , and the owners in fee , like the Irish landlords , denouncing the atrocities of the middlemen , while they artfully contend that they must be subjeot to the same rules , and as Legislators and Magistrates defend them in all their atrocities . From a perusal of tba men ' d judicious petition , the readei will at once discover that the Pitmen pray for legislative interference , and not for the establishment of any standard of wages . They ask for the appointment of Inspectors , having
discovered , we presume , that many of the abominations of the Factory System have been brought to light by Factory Inspectors , We have learned that they are anxious to have Stipendiary Magistrates appointed , to whom all Colliery grievances shall be submitted , that they require a similar law to that now in operation in factories , to prevent accidents from machinery , occasioned by the negligence of the masters ; That they require to be paid by " weight , " and not by " measure ; " and above all , that they demand a guarantee clause , whereby they will be protected against that species of conspiracy and combination so forcibly detailed and exposed by Mr . Huue on Tuesday night .
Let us now ask the revilers of the men , and the supporters of the masters , whethor Colliery Inspectors are not as much required for the protection of the colliers' interests as Factory Inspectors are for the interest of the factory operative 1 No just man can object to this demand ; and as to the app&intment of Stipendiary Magistrates , we have a precedent established in Ireland , involving all the reasons
and arguments for a similar practice being established in the colliery districts . la Ireland the Stipendiary Magistrates were rendered nec « asary to contravene the political bias of the village Justices , In the colliery districts they are required to neutralize the power of the interested Dogberies ; the more especially from the ille / ja ) , the blundering , and the ignorant manner in which they have recently discharged their judicial functions .
la factories , heavy fines are imposed for accidents occasioned by the neglect ; or want of caution of the masters . The accidents ia factories may be said to be substantive and distinct . Is most oases the danger is presented to the eye ^ and in all cases in daylight , or good gas light . ! In collieries the accidents are collateral , and the dangers not visible . They are contingent upon several ! causes-, and their consequences cannot be guarded against fey the Pitmen , while a heavy fine upon the mast-era for their occurrence would either prevent then * altogether , or reconcile the sufferers , or the survivors , to their
fate , from th » conviction that the misfortune was the result of a combination of unforeseen causes , and not a consequence of the owner ' s-indifference , or calculation as to the profit and loss upoa a balance of account between " smart money" and the sum which it would have required to save it . lea previous article we lave fully explained the nature aad the object of this- smart imouey , " aad also the conviction upon our mind that a large fine for negligence , whereby accidents : are produced , is the only mode by which their frequent occurseaee ean be prevented .
The substitution of payment by M " weight" for payment by " measure , " j ia so just , th » t te- say a word in support of it would be to insult our readers . And now we come to the Guarantee clause . In arguing this branch of the subject , it must be borne io mind that the Coal Masters are one and all Free Traders . Let ; us now see how the requirement of a Guarantee clause squares with the principles of Free Trade ,, and whether or not it is a collateral demand arising out of a vioious combination 1 of Masters ,, acting in violation o £ every prinoiple of Free Trade . Mr . Hvub . spoke as follows :- and here we | insert his complete exposure of the praetice of the most rabid section of the Free Traders-:: '
" Mr . Hume agreed with the Hon . Member for Kendal ( , Mr . Warburton ) in thinking that a more disgraceful' oombluation-did not exist than the combination among ooalowners .. He thought it fairly tame within the combination laws , and he h » i made a suggestion to this effect to the Attorney-General , who , however , bad not agreed wita him . Last year the combination appeared to hava bean held [ together by a very slender thread , and there were symptoms of its breaking op , and ef the benefit of a free market being allowed to the public . Nevertheless , the system had continued—( hear , hear ) . Evidence on the subject of this combination bad
bean brought forward ia 1386 , and it appeared that it was the London * brokers , who managed to ascertain what was- the average price [ which would pay those included in the vend , that was to say , tbose who contributed ' a certain- amount towards the supply ef the London market . This prioe they fixed at 22 s ., and whenever the price fell to 21 s ., few « e cargoes were sent to market , and thus the price was . again brought up . There might be 180 , or even 500 ships lying in-the Thames , waiting to unload , : bnt their cargoes were only brought tomorfeat in snch a succession as would keep the prioe of ; coals-up to the regulated rate —( hear , hear ) . This was a system which it ? was impossible not to-condemn ; . it was injurious to { the shipping interests , and was not ultimately beneficial to the aoalownera
them-Belves .. Now , what was tbe capability of the coal mines as to producer Instead of tbibir producing only £ , 309 , 000 tonB a-yaar for the London ( market , tbexe was a statement on the table of the Souse which showed that the coal mines were capable ef producing 4 , 000 , 000 tons a-ye&e for the London market Tbe- Colliers , however , were not allowed to work according to their capacity ; but there was a prescribed amount of coal which each was allowed to work , bo that no more than 2 , 000 , 000 or 2 , 300 , 000 tons a year should be brought to the London market He was perfectly } satisfied that the Governoieat might put this system down . They should look at it as a conspiracy , for a more decided one had never been maintained against the : public ; and it was London alone that was made to suffer from this monopoly . "
Now , then , that is the disclosure of Joseph Hume acquiesced in by Waii&iujrtoh , and corroborated most forcibly by Alderman Uuuphbbis , late Lord Mayor of London , and ; Free-Trade Member for Southwark . Aad what do- we learn from it ! Why , just this ; that whereas there would be sale for * four million tons of coals in the Londoa market , the Free-Trado ooal-ownere of Northumberland and
Durham , limit the " vend" to 2 , 380 , 000 tons , upon the Free-trade presumption , that the restriction to > the smaller amount will create a larger amount of capital consequent upon the scarcity of the article . Is it not clear then thai tbe masters prevent the men from producing annually 1 , 700 , 000 tons , the difference between 2 , 306 , 000 supplied , and 4 , 000 , 000 required t and is it aot clear , plain , and evident , to every unprejudiced mind , that if men are bound by
contract to work for " comspibaiobs" who find their interest best served by a resort to tbe prinoiple of restriction , that those men thus bound should have the guarantee that the reduotion in their wages should not extend beyOnd ' a sixth ! Let us make a sum of jthis . We contend for it that if the masters' find that they would receive a larger amount for 2 , 300 , 0 ^ 0 tpns . by restricting the supply ta the scarcity point , vthaa they would by suppl ying 4 , 000 , 000 tons , thereby reducing the value 1
o £ the , jwtjole jujj ti \ % , d | iig price , itat th > men are . en titled , by all the rules of political economy ^ to the same amount of : wages ; for * producing thelesser , as theywouldbe / for producing the greater Amount . ; T | e T ^ OjOO O t ^~ th ^ ^ i ^ i ^ hce , be ^^^^^ produce ^ and ^ haYntigh £ jt > # prflduced , is Bearlr one half of the whole * : while ] the men Bimply require a guarattt ^ e' thai they - Bhall be'paid for five ' days * labmirin evety Mr . ee k ; ^ ^ e . rate of ^ .. pet 4 ay . / We ask \ them if tlie refusal to comply with the just demand doe ^ not create the probability of the" conspiBATORpf' limiting the supply of the London mark « Mo a atiU greates extent ? thus throwing their
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-: -- ^ -- - ¦ "• ' ^— — —* . ' ' ^ men idle for an extended period , and making the London consumer suffer , while they are pocketing the increase of price , and saving the wages of the men ! We are of opinion -that the men should not be satisfied with less than a guarantee for a fall week ' s work , and we feel convinced that the inhabitants of London would back them in a demand from the enforcement of which the prinoiple of ph eb trade would be carried out , and the system of expensive competition in the article of coal would be destroyed .
Upon the whole we congratulate the Pitmen upon the turn that their righteous cause has taken . We congratulate their legal adviser upon the position that he has achieved for his clients . We congraf alale the bold member for Finsbury upon his manly exposure of the masters , and his triumphant defenoa of the men . We congratulate the League upon tha revelations of the practice of the very centre of the grand army of free traders , branded as they now are by Humk , Wabbobtos , Humphrey , and tha
House generally , as M MONOPOLISTS" and u CONSPIRATORS" ! We congratulate the friends © f labour , in Northumberland and Durham , upon the announcement of Mr . Liddeix , that the masters could not hold out much longer ; and though last , not least , we congratulate ourselves upon the pleasing anticipation of the good that must arise from that righteous struggle in the support of which we stood single-handed and alone , neither turning to the right hand nor to the left , cheering on the " huhgrv , gots " in * their righteous warfare against the long purses of
the conspirators . No parties , except the mea themselves , suffer more pecuniary loss from this strike than we do ; a&d yet we say : " perish the ledger , blot onfc the unpaid Colliery accounts ; perish the Star itself ; before we would make our own interest weigh aa an atom in the scale of Labour ' s straggle . " Yes , honest , innocent , virtuous victims of a wide spread " conspiracy , " you have fought a glorious battle : riGHT it to its close . Public opinion is now with you . You required but the revealment of your sufferings to insure the world ' s sympathy . Yoa have got it . Be peaceable ; be quiet ; be firm ; be resolute ; but above all be united , and you must ultimately triumph .
We have thought it necessary , in consequence of the abominable disclosures made in the House on Tuesday night , to enter thus largely upon the most important question bow before the public : a question considerably enhanced in public interest from the . fact of the Colliers' organization being so complete that the petition given elsewhere w&s signed in two dear days , by THIBTY-NINE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED AND THIRTYTWO working Pitmen , Mechanics , Joinersr and other Trades , thrown out of employment in consequence of the damnable ** CONSPIRACY" of tha Coal Owners against the Pitmen and the Inhabitants ef London .
We shall be curious to hear what the two Atfornies aod ** Mine Host" of the City Tavern , will say to the offer of the refractory , rascally , " misguides * Pitmen , t » leave their case to the arbitration of honest and disinterested parties .
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To the Chaatist Body . —The Executive Committee feeling anxious that the Hand Book of Instructions ( which is now published ) should be extensively drealated , have decided upon selling it at 2 d . instead of 3 d ., aa previously stated . They trust that the members generally will avail themselves of the cheap aad useful information contained in the above work . Sub Secretaries are requested to take orders and transmit Shem to me . —Thos . M . Wheeler , Sec . N . B . Sub-Secretaries will be supplied with them at Is . 9 d . per dczen . John Su ^ aT . —His letter must stand over for the present . John Cl&sk , district secretary , Newcastle , wishes to acknowledge the sum of 15 a . 2 d . from th » men of Swindon ; but he does not not say for what ; or for whom it has been subscribed . A LoVEH OF JDSTirs —We cannot flnii room .
Mb . Sax&vbl Etheridge os Mb . Jekvin Morgan ia desired to communicate his address to Mr . John Hornby , sub-Secretary of tbe Soraentown locality , 16 , Northam's-buildings , Somerstown , London . E . an » W . Richardson , Newcastle . — We are Sony that want of space precludes tbe insertion of their effective answer to the Coal Trade Committee . MR . A Mitchell , Stockpobt , —The Cbaitiat Council of Stockport intend giving a grand miscellaneous ¦ Coocert and Bait on Monday evening , June 17 , for tha benefit of Mr . Mitchell , in consideration of the long imprisonment , and persecution -which he hsa undes « gone . We trust the good intentions of tbe Council will be well seconded by the pnblio of Stockport , and that the meeting will be a bumper .
T . W . Place must apply to Mr . Cleave ' s . Jl Roberts , Dke » t . —The population of England' ia 1801 TO 8 . 331 , 480 ; « f Scotland 1 , 599 , 289 •„ ot Wales 541 540 . From Ireland there is no accurate Return prior to 1821 . W . Howcropt , York . —We are not aware that any notice he seat baa been omitted . Some one in York will have a parcel direct from- London ; and tha cards had better be procured through him . We have nothing to do with the sending of Ueturers belonging to the Miner ' s Union . G . S ., Halifax—Tbe returns can be obtained of the Queen ' s Printer : tha cost we do not know . Mr . Peplotv . —The snm Bet forth in our last , SB having been received by this . gentleman for Mr .
Cooper should have been 8 s . and not 8 d . Edward Clegg Dodwobth , & Math £ w ; : Flanigan , BAKNSiEt , write aa regarding the weavers turnout , to say;—the first that he has taken trok at 6 d . per cat more than the largest firm in the town is paying ; and the other that he had not taken , out work at the time be waa represented as having done bo , not did he intend , until it was agreed upon by the whole of tbe own employed by the same firm as himself . T . Brown , LmcOLN—We cannot refer to thectote very readily . . , - ^ . EPWABP BEJfcKY , PeLICE-iCONSlABLB OF HOSU ** 'WOOD ^ writes to . say , . in . reference to four young : > women ? whom he took , into cratody and coolned in the lockup for abort anAhoar-and-a-half , and re *>
¦ peoUng which apprebjai ^ ta las had been aniniadverted upon ^ to'tha iS&nyrthatthey were misconductisg - : tbamseltfes fax . the highway , to the ; annoyance . of vpaagera" by , before he interfered with them . He - also Bayathatihe ^ -nbt . wishing to detain ., then * all right : wheto hehadtbsm in custody , went to amagw .. trataBBd : procure . ithelifdisharg © on a promise , t ^ ial ¦ they wooldnotagain misconduct themselfea . . ¦ . Press omuatier ; has canwd us to keep ores for our > next Beveral-Ustsjof eubfictlptions Jfor the support of theCoHfertonrtrike , ? ' . " \ ., v i- ^ -- . ¦¦ . ¦ - ¦ '• '¦ - ¦ ' " ' ¦' Thb > sa > te cause alio jweveiitajoar ^ vixyf-ajaost cun ousaccount . weha , vere ^ dised ot Uve . w > LtiC » J $ ? , OaMBQLS ofMi . ' TSi . ft B ,. Moo ' re 'vifiii some * ladies , <« lady , amid the bills ¦ of Todmordon the other d » y ( where , all » eclnde ^ . sncl alone , as fftey thought , they bad a ganse to lK eB 1 Mlves # ¦ ^ l
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Two Op ;Ie Colliebs Delfoates At Present In London Will -?Isit Manchester, And Other Prin-
Two op ; ie Colliebs Delfoates at present in London will - ? isit Manchester , and other prin-
cipia town . 3 on their route to rsewcastle , and will feel obliged to those agents who are stationed at the several places in Lancashire , to assist them in procuring public meetings , for the purpose of aiding the Colliera in their present Btrike against the tyranny of their masters . A Public M ^ Ense of the Colliers Delegates rrifl be held at the National Hall , High Holborn , on Tuesday evening , the 11 th inst . at eight o ' elock precisely . Also at the South London Chartist Hall , eorner of Welber Street , Blackfriars Boad , on Wednesday Evening , the 12 th inst , at the same hoar . Admission Fbee .
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PEEL AND THE BANKERS . Agais are we obliged to defer the promised artiele on this question . The long reports we have given of the exciting and interesting proceedings in Parliament , the state of affairs in Ireland , and th # meeuegs with reference to the Duf » ohbb Testikoj > ial and tlie Collie ^ o' Strike leave ub no room . On the vrbole we do not regret it . The Bakker's Bin ia now printed ; it will shortly come before H the House "; and the delay will give us an opportunity of examining it somewhat in detsiL
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THE YOBKSHIBE WORKING MINERS . We woald call the attention of the Working Miners to- an advertisement emanating from ameeting of * Masters * ' held at Wakefield a few dayff ago , which-appears in another column of this day's Star . It wrll be necessary for them , we opine , to ai > sw £ R' the assertions volunteered in that document . This they can best do by adducing facts r and thefe fhcta they can best come at , by a General
Delegate Meeting from all the collieries included in the strike in the West-Riding ? each delegate coming fully instructed by hi 3 brethren as to the amount of wages they have , on an average of tw » " years last past , received ; the amount of reduotion they have had to Bubmit to ; and the difference that has been made in the prioe of ceal to the publur during that period . If this coarse be pursued , tbe address of tho Masters to the public , will , we are convinced , be most effectually answered ; for such a mas * of suffering , hardship , and oppression will , by these means , be unveiled aad thrust into public notice , as will at onoe astound , and excite indignation against those who have " defrauded the labourer of his- hire , " and who nour refuse to accede to his just tod reasonable claims .
The masters hava printed their address to the public in . several Bhapes for extensive- distribution If not counteracted ' , that address will < do the men much harm . True , it contains aothing bat assertion , and assertion very cunningly pat but still if it remains uncontratioded , those assertions will be believed . They cannot be contradicted but by facts . Counter assertions will not do The mode we have pointed out seems- to us to be the best for ascertaining these facts : and we would therefore pres » the suggestion upon the attention of the officers of the Miner ' s Union ia the Weal Biding
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bnt over every semblance of law , of justice , of equity , of decency , and of common sense . O'Coic-Itio-L Is , m ought to be , stronger than ever he was before . The acts of his tyrant opptess&ra should bat the more endear him to those for whom he has suffered ; while the manner of tearing the mantle of infallibility from his shoulders will serve to convince those who believed him invulnerable , that O'Connell had kept within the strict limits of the old and known laws , and that nothing but a total disregard of all law and justice could have ensured the enemy a triumph ovor him . Tbe Press of the
Orange faction has already thnndred its anathemas against the privileges allowed to Mr . O'Conkell ; while we , dealing with eaohlcase as it occurs , shall abstain from further comment upon the difference between his treatment and that of others for similar offences , than to ground upon it the reasonable supposition that the lenity bespeaks rather a consciousness of his innocence , and a conscious shuddering at the manner in which his conviction was procured , than any kindly disposition upon the part of his oppressors to render his sentence less degrading or galling .
We deny , we emphatically deny , that the Government has triumphed over O'Connell . Its object was to weaken his power : the effect of its persecution will be to multiply it a hundred fold . The prick of conscience , which wrong the gashing tear from the Judge who sentenced the man to a year's imprisonment — the payment of two thonsand pounds , and a recognv&nce in ten thousand pounds to keep the peace for seven years , —which peace the same Judge declared that he had not only not violated himself , but had prevented the Irish people from violating , —must have carried conviction of O'Connkix ' s innocence and tbe law ' s rascality home to the breast of every man of common sense . We know that some few , and we rejoice to believe
that they are bat few , unthinking persons would argue the case of Mr . O'Connell by comparison and would ask why are all those privileges allowed to one convicted of conspiraoy , while Fkaegtjs O'Connor was consigned to a felon ' s cell , and doomed to eighteen months solitary confinement , and obliged to enter into heavy recognisance to keep the peace , for tbe publication of a libel , though he was no ; in the kingdom when it was published . We do not stop to try those questions upon their comparative merits ; but we ask if there iB any one man so insane or foolish as so think that Mr . O'Connell Bhould say ; Pray , my Lords , make my punishment as degrading as possible , in order to establish the laws equality . "
Perhaps not the least injustice to which Mr-O'Cotokll was snbjeoted , was the last lie of Mr . Attorney-General Smith . A lie not only with "a circumstance" but a lie upon authority . Mr . Attorney Surra informed the Court of Queen ' s Bench upon the authority , as he stated , of the English AxTORNZT-GsHEBAX r that upon motion in arrest of judgment in England , only two Counsel would be heard : while we have on record the only case at all analogous , that of the Lancaster trials , wberefrom a precedent could be drawn from English practice Upon the late Attornst-Gemrral praying judgment
upon the Lancaster conspirators , with Mr . Attorney-General Smith ' s English authority Sir William Follstx sitting by bis side , the Lord Chief Justioe Dessun told the Traversera that the case of each stood upon its own merits , and that each Traverser was entitled to make » separate application to the Court . And now as to the value of Mr . Sxitb's authority . Mr . Erlk , Q . C ., Mr . Dundas , Q . C ., Mr . Baine 8 , Q . C ., Mr . Sergeant Mvrmi y , Mr . Bcdkik , and Mr . Athbrton were heard at considerable length in support of the motion to&rrest tha judgment . And when Counsel had concluded their arguments , the Lord Chief Justice notified that if
any of the Traversera , who did not appear by Counsel , wished to arge anything npoa their own behalf , that they had the right to do so . If this then was a right , let as ask why Mr . O'Connell and the other Traversers were unjustly deprived of it t And does not common sense tell as , and does not the notorious fact of the Jury having found the Rev . Mr . Ttseu guilty against law and evidence , tell as , that no human- foresight can see were legal ingenuity may stop , or eon guess the extent to which it may be brought to bear upon an argument so sweeping and embracing , as that involving all the legal absurdities and technicalities of a- whole term ' s gathering t
Bat beyond this flagrant violation of sight , of law and of justice let us take a short retrospective glance at the snappish reason of the Court for refusing this right to the prisoners . "'All the other suitors , " said the Court , must not be damaged by its time being taken up "—" the affairs of Ireland must not be brought to a Bta » d still . " TVb&t L suitors damaged , and the affairs of Ireland brought to a Btand still , by anticipation ! What right had the beach to refer at all to tbe past trial 1 No more time than the complexity af the case demanded was used . The motion for * a new trial was a separate question , and the motion , in arrest of judgment differed in its nature )
and character from the trial , and from the motion for a sow trial . Wo deny that the same law that was applicable to the motion for a new trial was applicable to that for arresting the judgment . Nay mora , we contend farther that counsel did perhaps retain many points for argument upon the latter motion which it would have been injudicious and out of place to have urged upon the former . And then the extreme indolence and absurdity of thu bench , suggesting to the other counsel the propriety o cramming those tc > whom toleration , was granted with all the points and arguments which they had Beleeted to use themselves I
If 365 days are required to eliioii truth and do justice , a year is not too long , and the Court in refusing the required time to argue the motion ia arrest of judgment evinced a snappiBh viudiotivencss for the past and an unmanly sensitiveness under the chastisement of tbe Tory press- Upon the whole then , as we have given Sir Robert Pekl the credit of making Chartists in England , we award to him , and to his more guilty subordinates , the farther credit of manufacturing Repealers in Ireland . We join , our entreaty to that of Mr . O'Connell , and ask the Irish people to be calm , to be resigned , and resolute , under
tbe temporary triumph of injustice and faction , and under the ascendancy of the cannon and the sword . Let them not peril either their cause , their lives , or their leaders , by a false reliance on their physical capabilities . Let no Irishman fear ihat his truo friends will set his tranquiiity , his endurance under suffering ^ and patience under injustice , to the account of individual timidity or national cowardice . True , the enemy and the hot-beaded may thus endeavour to nrge the people on to acts of desperation and revenge , but we tell them that the truest courage is that which teaches man to endure temporary
injustice , if the result is to be permanent freedom . Let O ' CoNii ell ' s faults , —and they are not morenucerous than those of other leaders , —be forgotten . Ha has fought the battle out to its close , to the present hour ; and we have a right to suppose that upon his release from captivity he will renew it with increased ardour , and undiminiahed determination . The blow was intended as a scourge for Ireland—mayhap the lash may turn upon the oppressor . And should the last appeal to mere , justice—the writ . ef error—be unsuccessful , pendiBg which we shall wait the result patiently-bat anxiously , then we trust that the . English people , who , recognise the principle
that-when one of a community is oppressed the whole community is oppressed , will rally nnder the standard of the last appeal to the common ' sense of the nation , speaking to . the throne in the language which the law ^ s mystery cannot mystify , and the judge ' s quibble can neither , weaken or resist . Lei Englishmen Relieve us , that ,, a triumph over O'Connell ia equally a triumph over the principles they profes 8 io honour , while popular submission-to ai > flagrant an . aot of injustice would " bat have the effeot of oonfimiBg thestrong Government and the Irish Orange faction in the belief in their own potency and in the weakness of all other parties unitedly
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^ 4 : THE NORTHERN STAR . _ Juns 8 , 1844 .
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 8, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1266/page/4/
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