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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th July 1844, Edition 1 of 1, Page 3

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    • iStbifbs.
    • MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
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      TO IBS REFORMERS © F ENGLAND . God bless ye , brothers!—In the fight Te Te waging now , ye cannot faS , For fetter is yonr sense of right Than kingcraft ' s triple maiL Than tyrant ' s lair or bigoFs ban . More mighty is your simplest "word ; The fft * heart of an honest man Than aosier or the sword . Go—let you * bloated Cnnrch rehearse The learon it has learned so "well ; It more not with its prayer « caraa The gates of Heaven er HelL let the Stale scaffold rise assin—Did i ' reedom die -when Rnaseil died ? Forget ye how the blood of Tane From earths green bosom cried ? The great hearts of your elden time

      Are beating with yon , fnil and strong ; All holy memories and sublime And glorious round ye throng . The bluff , bold men of Runnymeaa Are with ye stall in times like these ; The shades of England ' s mighty dead , Yonr clond of witnesses . ' The truths ye urge are borne abroad By every -wind and every tide ; The voice of Nature and of God Speaks out npon yonr aide . The weapens which your hands have fonnd

      Are those which Heaven itself has wroughtj light , Truth , and Lore ; yonr battle ground The free , broad field of thought Ne partial , selfish purpose breaks The simple beauty of your plan Hot lie from throne or all ar shakes Toot steady laith in ™ % n . The languid pulse of England starts And bounds beneath yonr words of power ; The beating of her million hearts Is with you at *>>;» hour l Press on 1—the triumph shall ke won Of common rights and equal laws , The glorious dream of Harrington ' s And Sidney ' s Good Old Cause . Blessing the Cotter and ths Crown ,

      S weakening worn Liboui ' E bitter cup ; And , plucking not the highest down , L fang the lowest up . Press on 2—and we who may not share The toil or giory of yonr fight , Hay ask , at least , in -earnest prayer , God' s blessing on the Right ! American Democratic Review

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      SHE GATHERS A SHAMROCK . JSs gathers a shamrock green and fair , She binds it np in her beautiful hair , TFMle a few bright diamonds sparkling there Plash light on 13 Emerald leaf ; Pair pearls smile forth through her ruby lips , Her steps b * ve the lightest of asriel trips , And as from lore ' s flattery cups she sips , Her heart has a scorn for grief . She has left lbs TinTl and tie evening air Bsj paled the blush from bcr cheek 80 fair She is borne I the diamonds jewel her hair , But " * b « re is the Shamrock leaf T The pilfering "fingers of love this night Hate stolen the Shamrock green and bright , But her heart and her step are no longer so light , She 00 more has a acorn for grief .

      Tis the dew ' y ^ a -srn of a spring day fair The orange blossom is twin'd in her hair , And green again grows tie shamrock there With its pretty Emerald leaf } frcoa her soul-all sadness passe ih away Tta lore and his priza have come back to-day , And the fair girl goes to her bridal gay , Again with a scorn for gritt F , W . S . Bavin

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      THE SEAMAN'S 11 GHT . 41 In darkness the sky and the ocean were blending As we steer'd for our own native isle in the west , A twinkling light o ' er the waters extending Its lengthening ray , gave ns hope of our rest . 0 ! tvis sweet , that soft lisht , from the harbour in Bight—As we dashed through its track , it said , ' Welcome , boys , back . Tet I longed for another—the twinkle that shone Where my Susan kept watch , in our own little home . 3 fo longer by dnty en aljipboard delayed , Ob frigate at anchor , my astssmaiea at xeA , My PMti » S £ &lute to the cfaeers paid ,

      like an arrow I new to my own little nest Twa * a jezr and a day we bad sailed from the bay , Not a scrape of a ptn had I fingered since then ; Aid mj p ^ or heart was fearful some evil had come To my babes or my Sue , or my snug little home . The grog-shop * were foil , and the fiddles were playing , Old messmates would bail me , and ofiir meprogj Bu humewud 1 steered , witbout stopping or staying—My heart was too full for their victuals or grog . I knew ' twas all right—awe twinkled the light ; tp the stain-, then , 1 flaw—• Are you there , my

      sweet Sue ?" Lie an echo she answered— ' "Dbst Jack , are you come ? ' * Ti » a year and a day since you parted from heme V If I was to he made a post-captain , believe me , 1 could'not have then been a happier man : The girl by my side that wtuld never deceive me , My bsi ^ s on my knee , and a full-flowing can . O ! swe&t was her smack , and the iittie ones clack , And sweet on my welcoming glass was the foam ; And though but a rnshlight , I ne ' er saw , day or night , A light io compare "sriiii the light of my home .

      Then , here ' s to ont frigate , the old MwgwAT , And here ' s to each Messmate the best I can wish—Slay the eirl of your heart still be kind when you ask he ?; ilay s friend share yonr glass , and a friend heap your dub : Hij your ship still have luck , boys , to swim litre a duck , Whenever acrsss the wide oeean yon roam , Ana joy to ths life of the jolly tar ' s wife , Who watches for him by the light of his home . " John Fisher Murray .

      Istbifbs.

      iStbifbs .

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      PRACTICAL GRAMMAR—ob , Compcsitiok DIVESTED OF DIFFICCIIIES ; "WITH SELECT EXAMPLES raOM THE WsiH > Gs OF ELEGA 5 T AtTCBOBS . —Bt G . Jacob Holtoaxz . London : "Watson , Paul ' s Alley , &c . The world is governed by Grammar . To speak Sramatieally is to speak "Befi , and to write gramatitally is 10 write -well—these at least are the first soasutuents of speaking or ¦ writing . Snch is the sfect of tyrannous custom , thai many who have toi mastered this technical acquirement , have been iaRhtd down in the " Commons , " laughed down a the meeting , and sneered down by the Press . -ce late Henry Hunt , but for an unconquerable Jerseverance possessed by f * w men . would have been

      W down on account of his grammatical deficiencies . hue of the most inane blockheads , who have been ttaWed , by dint of lard drilling , to string sentences ttgttfcer with gramnrarical correctness , hare mainj » aed a position above their abilities , Into which jnni or accident had tharst ihem . Since it so often alls to ihe lot ^> f folly to be well schooled , why aauld Etst nsinial abilities be adorned by the graces of culture i He who , qualified by correct thought and enthusi asm , aims at making men better than he found "itm , i > > more than haif lost to society , if unable to express himself correctly aisd effectually by the voice or the pen . Regret it and oppose it as we may , it is this lamentable deficiency that has destroyed or abridged the usefulness of some of our best men . Qb ngpcuon we may perceive that it could hardly be Mhcrvrii * . 2 ioi onjy has Grammar been feept "Witluii lie circie of tie Jiteraii ; but till a

      compara-MTeij ret * nr period , a d . ffcrem language was made tse oJ bj the exclusive few , to that which was known to the "JEDoble vulgar . " The great Lceke , even , Trno did so much for the diffusion of right principles , * as not wlolly free from the taint of the schools , in U : e famous tract , wherein be taught the "Condnct a the Understanding ' to circles , before hardly re-» fDfced by philosophical essayists , we meet with ce doctrine that " knowledge and science in general B the business odIj of those who are at ease and ssur e . " The same was said before his time , of lan-£ ige » d Grammar . Latin for the reading world , j& o FreEcn for the courts , or a barbarous mixture ¦* Mih , formed an inEunnountable barrier to the feple . It is almost the pecnliar privilege of the « stnt generatJon , to experience the benefit of fcJ'Olw instrncnon on a very narrow basis , and in a ** 3 limited manner .

      Snce the enUironenjent of Lindlej Murray in our p per and middle class schools , various attempts ^ tebetnmade to popularize this branch of know-^ Ke . A theme reputedly bo dry as grammar , one ^ tnh » d been bo laborionilj complicated , was nek **? 10 familiarise , and -we accordingly find few ^ ich had found their tray - into the hands of anscholastic portion of ihe public * This is , after ^» the only test of the popular worth of a work—is i * oea » anded h * the -DeoDle- ^ the working

      people—•* « e schoob 1 While the sjstem of dry , coercive S *™* prevails , i ^ tardlesB of taste , aptitude , or [" fcieuveDess , on the part of children , Bcbools will j * . kef { randthep > trons of die most valuable edn-^ oaal works . The work "b efore us is pecnliariy [*» leto the reprobation of the mere school rontinist , m Bpecjaily likely to he a faTOorite -mih those . desire to teach themselves . It is plainly writ-2 _ is agreeably worded , tersely expressed , unf ^ iTe for the mem ory , and highly suggestive of I w&hi , A £ rammaT B » y he explanatory jiacVthe

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      present one ib remarkably clear in its explanations —but it should be something more ; it should enable the pupil to trace out the foundation of difficulties without continual supervision— difficulties which cannot always be anticipated by the most experienced teacher . The art of the teacher consists , in not overcoming all difficnltieB for the student , but in supplying his experience for the removal of the most time-consuming and burdensome , and enabling him to surmount the rest by reasonable application . The author of Practical Grammar seems aware of

      this ; he has not professed to supersede application , nor save the fcrouble ^> f reflection . He has not fallen into the qnackery ef pretending , that he haa pated a royal road to grammar ; and does not conceal from the pupil that to learn tie must labour , and to suoceed he must persevere . He tins sets the matter fairly before the student— " He who has not energy for the acquirement of grammar ought to Buspeet himself . _ it is a question of choice between present application and lasting incapacity : between the indsstry of a few weeks , and the blunders of a whole life . * ¦

      Mr . Holyoaie has neither sought novelty at the expence of correctness , nor hesitated to adopt the boldest innovations where he conld improve on his predecessors . He thus adopts some of the old established parts of speech and rejects others , and gives his reasons accordingly . Hurray gives us nine parts of speech , Cobbett eight , Hill five , and Doberty , a Unitarian in grammar , gives m only one- It is fair , 2 presume , to expect no further reduction . Punch says , that the number of the parts of speech depends on the speaker , who may sometimes divide his speech into several parts , and sometimes

      show a total want of parts in speaking it To be lerions again , the learner may use five or fifteen parts , provided he is able to show good reason why there should be no more asd why there seed be no less . We require nouns , because there are things : tiescriplives , because of the qualities of things ; and verbs , because of the existence of motion ; we must have pronouns , because of unpleasant repetitions ; connectives , to continue discourse ; and objectives , to express certain relations . Hence I adopt the division of six parts of speech , but whoever shall find such classification inadequate for the purposes of correct writing , will do well to adopt some other .

      On the ordinary grammatical definitions he thus comments and improves : — ¦ " The young learner of grammar , fey aid of the common definitions , Boon becomes scute enough to feel their insufficiency . When told that adjectives or descriptives , ; describe things , he asks reasonably enough , 'is net a noun also a description of a thing ? ' The words man ^ and chamois describe to me those two animals as completely , as black and white describe thoBe respective colours . He has not been enabled to perceive that a descriptive is a partial , and a noun a compendious description of an object—that a descriptive expresses the qualities , and the noun the thing itself . He is

      gravely informed that io do , io be , and io sitfer , are verbs—and when he minds that action , oeing , and svjering are bobqb , signifying the same things , he h at a loss to discover the distinction . He is not informed as be should be , that the characteristic distinction between these parts of spetcb lieB in tbe / orm and manner of ik * ir expression—that in the noun the action is independent and alone , while in the verb it is directly connected with the aetor . " Of Syntax he says " This txce&siTely dry and pedantic word , stands for those rules Whereby we make the intelligible arrangement of words in a sentence . A sentence is any assemblage of werds expressing compUle sense ? 11

      When any number ef words express distinctly and fully any opinion or sentiment , they are said to make a complete sense , because the aid of speech is there answered , and wb are informed of the intention and views of the speaker in using them , -which it is the proper object of speech to communicate . " For Parsing he recommends as a useful exercise to take a few sentences from some favourite author , and endeavour to tell all the parts of speech of which they are composed . It is only by jndicions practice of this kind that grammar can be acquired . Explanations may inform , but practice instructs ; as examples teach more than precept , so practice teaches more than theory . Both precepts and theory do teach , bnt not so particularly as practice .

      «• Example of easy Parsing—The Life of a Gentleman . He gets np lfcisnrelj—breakfasts comfortably—reads the paper regularly—dresses fashionably—lounges fastidiously—eats a tart gravely—tattlts insipidly—drinks superfluously—kills time intlifFerently—sups elegantly —goes to bed stupidly—lives uselessly !" Among the most thoroughly practical instructions ¦ wh ich have passed our observation , are those on Literary Composition . Mr . Holyoake recommends hut three marks of punctuation ; the comma , dash , and period . It may be doubted by many , particularly practical writers , whether the discharge of the colon is not enough ; and it will be doubtless thought that the semicolon , as well as the dash , is

      a ^ very useful mark . It cannot be deDi ' ed , however , that the management of the three above would be found by inexperienced writers , very easy , find a great simplification . Perhaps it would be worth while to try these till a greater mastery had been obtained over the points generally . He has thought eur ** Roles for the government of all who write for the press" worth transferring . His additional hintsand suggestions—the results in all probability- of actual experience , and so much the more valuable , are specially worth perusal by the unpractised in writing . The entire cost of the workwhich is only an eighteen penny one—would not be a dear purchase for such excellent helps .

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      His Majesty was looking extremely grave when we entered , as we had kept him waiting for us . On bis head was a sort of scull-cap , covered with cowries and bordered with a wreath of feathers of a marone colour ; in bis ears he wore two circular pieces of ivory about three inches in diameter ; his body covering consisted of a robe of blue and White Manchester cotton , and suspended round his neck was a large brass head something of the appearance of Memnon'a . His legs were covered with bells and bangles , and just below the knees with two brass wheels , looking as if they had formerly belonged to a couple of aristocratic barrows ; his feet were encased In red morocco slippers sandalled np to the wheels—snob , legs and feet !—Daniel Lambert ' s in the gont would have been symmetry to them .

      They were supported by two eunuchs , who were kissing asd lavishing all manner of fondness npon them , while two slaves , with nothing on but their waiatclotbs , were fanning the monarch with fans of buffalo ' s hide fringed with the same sort of feathers he wore round his cap . Once or twice during the interview the King smiled , when the alaves immediately placed the fans before his countenance that tbe white men might not see such trifling in their sovereign , singing out Ilia , villa , tilla , or something like it Several Mallams and the M Mouth" were seated in front on a piece of carpet given to him by Lander . The " Mouth" waB smeared over with red clay , a sign that he was wearing the " mockery of woe , " while Lobo , attended by a page bearing the sword of justice—but without the scalesstooi on tbe Attab ' s right , the Commissioners being on

      his left Several heads showii-g their Ivory teeth were peeping through the apertures of the cloths fastened before the door of the harem , while a mob of both sexes filled the court almost to suffocation . Never before 01 since had I such longings to enter Hendrie ' s . One woman among the group was the stontest I had ever witnessed ; k-er only article of attire was a cloth round her waist , which was nearly two yards in circumference . No doubt she fraa considered a perfect beauty , as she was " a load for a camel , " —Lander ' s widow Zama was a skeleton to her . This embonpoint beauty was making fierce love with her eyes and gestures to W , who was so ungallant as to pay little attention to her , being bnsily engaged in holding bis bulldog Crib , which was evincing strong symptoms of making a dash at the Attab , as if he had been a bull in the ring .

      To the colonist , the merchant , and politician , we heartily recommend this publication . Each will find in its contents information of vital importance to all having or feeling an interest in tbe welfare of oar colonial empire . Combining liberality of sentiment , with great ability and industrious research , it deserves to be , that which we believe it already is , one of the most successful publications of the day .

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      or Davil , gave them to you , that you should triumph in the labourer s hunger . Chuckle ye , as you turn him from hovel to the night blast—and your foul breath pollutes woman's lips as ye sing out : "Ha , ha , we turned em on the common at twelve last night-RA , ha , HA , HA ! THET ' RR aLL A STARVING . " GrutBifaav ' flfc yoor wire $ guts—naVot your daughters—your sons—got guta . Don't their guts , like Poverty's guts , hunger and thirst . Did it never strike you-bW phemers of the Almighty , while you go to chapelthat the curse you are invoking for others , might some time come on yourselves »

      pS 5 S v " mark that wh > le the parasite press of the 1 coal kings is ever ready to trumpet forth the desertions , of the few who are corrupted , or coerced into deserting thei Minera' Union , they take good care not to notice the many who are continually joining the Association . Lord Londonderry pompously announces that 766 " sensible mea'Have renounced the union , but he omits to state that 3 * 000 volunteers have joined the Association since the commencement of the striks .

      To return to the Miners Magazine , the No . before us m addition to the artioles we have quoted from , contains many others of equal or Buperior value , Ons most important feature of the present No ., is the commencement of a series of articles on the "Laws affecting the CoUiere . " In pursuance of this design the entire of the "Truck Act" is given , with an introduction and analysis preceding the Act . This is to be followed by the Acts preventing payment in public houses , and the employment of women in the mines .

      To the Miners and their friends throughout the country we earnestly recommend this indomitable champion of thsir rights and intercjts .

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      MADAME D'ARUSMONT . TO THE EDIXOB OF THE NORTHERN STAR . SiR , —The second civilization of the world , was that of tbe classic empires : of Greece and Romej . Of this the binding principle , or religion , was love of country ; the political theory was government by the greatest number of influential citizens ; and tbe j > r dlticftl pIBCUW was straggle and confusion . Thin ' abor tion in ttu

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      classic empires may be attributed to the following leading causes : — I 1—To an imperfection in the religious and binding principle , which looked to Ihe false greatness of the ill-deSned existence called country , instead of to the happiness of the population . j 2—To the absence of constitutionally specified , and administrationally regulating , principles . 3—And a consequent of the 2 . To the absence of admiaistrational science , and thai presence of governmental power . ; 4—And a consequent of the . 3 . To a visions , allabsorbing , all-devouring centralization , in lieu of a common-sense repartition of affaira among the population of the different localities . j 5—And a consequent of the 4 . 1 To the lawless passion for war aud robbery as national occupations ; and the consequent homage awarded j to martial prowess as the first qualification of the citizen .

      6—And a consequent of the 5 . The slender respect and reward afforded to useful industry . 7—The sale of land , and its repartition ; together with the repartition of capital among individual monopolists . ] 8—And a consequent of the 7 . The competition of capital as divided among individual and warring monopolists , in lieu of the single but ; full and unbounded competition of labourers ; that only source of industrial , artista ) , mental , or indeed of any , excellence . It will be seen that the second civilization was , in general , the extreme opposite of the first In the absence of sufficient experience , the human mind , swayed by impulse rather and reason , usually swings like the pendulum , as far in one [ direction as it has previously done in the other . i

      In that first dawn of the earth ' s now era , when in gifted Greece the hapeless lifeless stalu quo of antiquity first gave way before the voice of a sovereign paople , enthusiasm was high , energy potent , —experience wanting . An old and wily enemy too wasin the field . The Prieat of Egypt held the science of the world , and smiled to see the blunders of the first sons of liberty . In the outset of the revolution—( it has been so in all revolutions )—h 6 found no room for his ministry , save by the new altar of country , and no ear ] for bis dim fables until these were dressed in poetical imagery , adorned by the sculptor ' s genius , and blended with the deeds of patriotic heroes , and the strongest passions of humanity . In democratic Greece and republican Rome the classic religious principle , love of country , rnled the

      souls of men , apart from the dogmas of Theology or the fables of mythology , until the imperfections inherent in the political system brought corruption on tbe people and ruin on the state . It was then , when liberty and religion had been finally crushed under the throne of the Cicjars—when all the ties which bonnd citizens to their country , men to each other , and even soldiers to their chief , bad been severed—when society was falling to pieces , ond civilization ' menaced with destructionit waa then that the priest of Bgypt , recurring to his old Asiatic model , and fastening it to lone of the thousand wild stories and wild sects current at the period ( in the style of our Joanna Southcotes and Mormons ) , and by aid of some ( tricks of jugglery ] stolen from India , and no small familiarity with astronomical science , the medical art , and with chemical and physical phenomena , and , adorning the whole mass of contradictions

      aud confusion with some ill-rendered moral axioms of Confucius and philosophical dreamings of Plato , offered a new binding principle of servitud e , to the tostering throne of Conatantine—a new political theory of selfabasement , helplessness , and natural depravity te a population who might well receive the doctrines for true , aud proposed to bury for ever in tke political practice of the statu quo feudal system the stirring remembrances of Grecian liberty and of Roman virtue . It ia here curious to remark that though the Christian Gospels were not penned before the age of Constan . tine , and though the new religion of servitude was only then systematized and incorporated with the state , the expiatory sacrifiee of the Man-God was dated from the reign of Augustus ; thus marking the final death of tbe Republic , and its religion of love of country , and the birth of the Monarchy , and its religion of

      servitude . } It is curious to remark also , that though the principle of Christianity is self-abasement and innate human depravity , and the direct object and tendency ef its theory ia to trld men bound as helpless slaves to the " piwera that be , " yet that the curious mass of disjointed inconsistencies which compose the sacred books of the Christian system are besprinkled with sentences and axioms leaning to democracy . If the page of history be held in mind , and it tbe position and object of the priest of E ^ ypt , and equally those of the Kjman Caspar , to whose aid the prieat of Bgypt came , be held in view , the necessity of shaping the new system so as best to make it appear all things ! to all men , and to make it look towards classic freedom while it moved towards Asiatic despotism , will become evident

      And let ua observe that in tbe ; horrible epoch in which the Christian delusion was fastened upon human kind , it waa at once a necessity and a blessing . The civilized world was in moral ruin , preparatory to being shaken into physical ruin by the Goth , the Hun , and the Tandal . Society had lost its bond of union ; religion was dead ia the human soul ; citizens had no more a country . The sons of tbe Scipios , Cornelia , and the Gracchii were sensual reprobates and soulless slaves . A religion of servitude alone j conld band the

      degraded race together . Submission and fear , in this world and another , was a theory fitted to their degradation . But the whole became otherwise useful when the savage hordes of the north bore down upon the fields of agriculture , and levelled the works of science , the creations of genius , and the arts of industry , with the cities of pride . Tbe barbarian had then to be tamed to servitude before he would exchange tbe battleaxe for the ploughshare , or learn to amass and invent over again the knowledge and the arts which he had destroyed . |

      It was then that the prieat of Egypt became again a civiJioer ; and tbat , in establishing the religion of modern servitude , Christianity , and the theory and practice of the feudal system , be gathered together new elements of society 1—rude Indeed , and for ages cruel and still miserable , bat which tbe patriot warned by old errors and on guard equally against new ones , may see to cement and improve into a stronger and better order of civilization than any knowu in { the past or at the present . j The third order of civilization then has been that of modem Europe . Of this the religion has been tbat of serfs , bound together by a common belief in their own helplessness and innate depravity , and bound also to their feudal Lords and to tbe throne of kings , under protection of the prieat , by a common belief in their divine right to rule over them . Christianity has been , and is , that religion , which , considering it in its origin purpose and history , may be denominated the religioa of kings . I

      This civilization , following upon the two preceding , has presented a compound of the vices of both . It has indeed been purely and evidently , ! transitory . Two forces , that representing the first civilisation , and that representing the second , have been continually opposed . The classes placed , by the power of conquest , or by hereditary descent , or by the power ! of money , or by the arts of legislation , or by the quibbles of law , sr by the tricks of commerce , in possession of tbe land and the capital of tbe human family , have represented , and represent at this hour , tbe first civilization ; and have ever been , and yet more forcibly are , pulling backwards to the consolidation of the feudal , with a view at arriving at the old Asiatic system , with its anti-human and inhuman principle of statu quo ; its dull , asinine , millhorse tboery of castes or immoveable glasses , hereditary occupations , community of olass-property- ^ securing hereditary possession of admioisteripg national

      power to kho higher summities , ' and hereditory labour to the masses . No competition ; no excellence ; no talent ; no genius ; no ambition ; no [ independence ; no liberty ; no praise ; no blame ; no reward of ease , and wealth ,, and honour , according to merit , and no merit according to works ! Ha 1 let humjanlty be decoyed thus into communities raised after the model of Catholic monasteries ., ( and such are called , and have ever bo » n called Commanities on the continent of Europe ) , or after the model of Protestant Poor-houses ( and such I have beard , with my own ears , called Communities in Euglaud ); er after the model of American-Shaker , German-Moravian , and other establishments , in wbicb labour and rigid rules are common } to the mass , and tenure and administration of property , fingering of funds , and secret laxity of asceticism are common to the few t let , I say , hnmanity be decoyed tbus into an iinpass , and she may find her cbaihs harder taJbreak than they are at this hour 1

      The classes , on the other hand , who are bora por- j tionleBs , and whose labour goes only ( their own bare subsistence subtracted ) to awell the jfortunea of those born to rule , pull in the sense o 2 the second civilisation , threatening confusion and consequently tain , to the whole of society , themselves inclusive . We have now to observe that tbe disorganization of the third civilization , a system neve * indeed fully established , but always existing in a state of struggle ? more or lees violent . The disorganization of the third civilization distinctly commenced withtho , 8 e / omatfoamore properly the Disput& ; aud such , historically aad philosophically , I am wont to denominate it . Reformation in fact there was none , but only an immense deal of arguing , quarrelling , fighting , haaging , drowning , and burning : and , this , on all bands and all aides , whichever got the uppermost . BuB . tjb . ere was also , and . this made the gist of the dispute * an immense d « al of scrambling after the lands and tithes , and dues , and

      goods of the Catholic church , by German Princaa , Brfttish Monarch * , 8 wins , Swedish , Dutch , Dane , Scotch , and other high-seated , long-susaed , aad long-gowned , greedy rulers , and fire-and-faggot fanatics : while the poor , ignorant , and by ignoraaca besotted , populations executed , as a holiday exploit , the Tandal work of heaping in ruins time-worn abbies and cathedrals , abusing Popes and Cardinals , church rausio , and holiday amusements , and shouting for Protestant ascendancy , but dreamed not of relieving their owashoulders of burdeBS , which with many additions , they cartied thereafter in honour of Protestant Monarchs holding direct from heaven , instead of ftom heaven by favour of the Pope . 01 glorious work of theological , metaphysical , and governmental disputation , wblcn coet in Germany ,, ( tha 1 ihnge and heavy cradle of every modern mystification ) a first Protestant war of thirty years duration , which tmned fertile states into barren deswts , lmiiedsttiM , whole populations , millions of treasure WKUtoTWof . w « jdt& » ett < s&a * mi « M tow colonised and

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      outflVad the new world , with Australia , Oceania , and Siberia . " ! Russia to boot ! Tha binding principle of the third civilization—that ia , the Christian Catholic religion , having thus given way to disputatious Protestant theoloijy , its theory and its practice havl to give way also . Vigorous Were tba assaults made upon these in republican Holland and revolutionary England . By revolutionary Eagland , I mean England of the Commonwealth ; and not England ( so called ) of the abdication , and tha transaction with a foreign Prince , and tbat foreign Prince he who had overthrown the liberty of Holland . This assault upon the principle , and shaking off the theory and practice of the European civilfzition , commenced in the stronger souls and bodies of Europe ' s populations fermentation which developed the firat seeds of a fourth civilizitfon . The hasty consideration of this will form the aubje of my next letter . Respectfully yours , „ . . F - W . D-arcshost . Dundee , IOth July , 1844 .

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      POST-OFFICE ESPIONAGE . From an excellent article on this odious subject in tbe Wesleyan Chronicle we give the following extracts i— a " They assert upon their honour , " the Ministerial herd will say , " and we are bound to believe them . " No ! Men who have demanded , authorised , ordered , and executed the opening Of the letters of poor foreign refugees , have no right to speak of their own honour . They have no honour ; and their invoking its name afcer confessing their guilt , only proves that they have completely lost all notion of the thing . Such an appeal may do with the noble and honourable patrons of tho turf . Thia coin may pass current at Crockford ' 8 , at Tattemll ' s , and at Almack ' s ; but the religious and upright people of England reject it . "

      It would have been a relief to our mind , and , indeed , we had some hope , to find an honourable exception to the degrading baseness of the Lords and of the Commons , in two , or even three members , of the two committees . We expected , that one or two of the Commoners , aud one of the Peers , would have felt , aud resented ; the insult offered to their character , the liberty taken with their names , by the injurious , confidence of tho recreant Graham ; and that , on his daring to propose them as fit persons to whitewash the Ministerial abominations , they would haye indignantly repelled the outrage , and a'l at once exclaimed : Look elsewhere for assistants in this dirty work : we wont be your Scavengers I But all of them tamely submitted to the indignity . * * While we are thus considering the composition of the two committees , both are busily engaged in their deleterious . work . Wo are told that Sir James

      Graham , with his myrmidons , 13 in constant attendance . Thus , { he Parliament sewers receive and absorb the horrifying contents of the Ministeri ? kennel ; but , in the meanwhile , in distant lauds , which the Almighty , in his paternal profusion , hai enriched with all earthly treasures , as if to offijr to men a faint image of His Paradise , fatherless children and disconsolate widows mourn over the mangled remains of their husbands and of their fathers ; the sobbing virgins of Ita ' . y anxiously pace round the fortresses , in which their brothers and friends stre immured aud tortured ; aad many a mother imploringly kneels at tho feet of a pitilei 3 tyrant , or , equally in vain , raises her helpless arms , to avert the tailing axe from the head of a belovi d and noble-minded son ! All , in their agonies , mutter with their prayers to the Lord of all mercy , imprecations against England !

      And shall the authors of such miseries , or their accomplices , go unpunished ! Shall the fiends who pandered to the cruelty of foreign tyrants continue to rule this country I No , never ! Let the Lordr , the Commoners , and the Bishops sanction , if they choose , the abominable conspiracy in which the * r patrons are so deeply implicated , aud its atrocious consequences . But the people of Eagland abhor the hideous cowardice , treachery , and criminality of the acts perpetrated by the government : and Boon , if there is no tribunal where justice can be obtained , the people themselves will do justice .

      The difficulties , the delays , and expenses attending the convocation and holding publio meetings have been very properly represented by some of our correspondents as an obstacle to the full execution of our plan ; and we do not hesitate to adopt the suggestion contained in their letters . We are well aware , that many a respectable tradesman , or mechanic , cannot afford to leave their business for one or two hours to show their adherence to our views by attending the meeting , while they would readily pay one or two shillings for six or twelve copies of a Table * aa hereinafter mentioned , and which they would distribute to tbeir poor neighbours , to have them stuck up in their humble dwellings .

      The Table shall be headed " Ministerial and Parliamentary Responsibility ; " aud will contain a list of the members of the Cabinet , with extracts from the speeches , in which they confess their crime or their participation in it : then the lists of tbe members of the two Houses who voted against the first aud second motions of Lord Radnor and Thomas Danoombe ; afterwards the names of the members of the two Secret Committees ; and underneath , tha resolutions , inserted in the last number of the Wealeyan Chronicle . Two columns on the right and left-hand sides of the Table will contain extracts from the Times newspaper , recording the executions , the arrests , and escapes which have taken place in Italy during the last six months .

      Tho Table shall also immediately be translated , and printed in the French , Spanish ^ Italian , German , and Polish languages , to be distributed all over the Continent ; so that , in every part of Europe , as we'I as in . England , the responsibility of the atrocious misdeeds shall rest on tbeir authors and abettors , aud our honest fellow-countrymen shall not Buffer for the crime of some two or three hundred

      miscreants . We again entreat our Subscribers , aud the Public in general , the Liberal Press of the country , to assist us in our efforts to redeem the British character , by branding with infamy all those who have sullied our fair fame . We personally know but a few of them ; we have no personal cause of dissaticfaction with any of them : a sense of duty towards our God , our country , all our fellow-men , and ourselves , directs our conduct . Good speed to the good cause !

      Market Intelligence.

      MARKET INTELLIGENCE .

      Untitled Article

      London Corn-Exchange Monday . Jplt 15 . — Although the show of both red and * white English Wheat was small , the demand , owing to the prevailing tine weather , was in a very depressed state , at a decline on last Monday ' s quotations of from la to 2 s per quarter- From abroad , the fresh supplies are good , and the rates suffered an abatement of quite Is per quarter . In Wheat andother article ? under look , rates almost nominal . The Barley trade , however , was in a very sluggish state , and last week ' s prices were supported . Malt at an abatement of Is per quarter . Beans decline in value Is per quarter . White Boiling Peas were quite as-dear ; but other sorts were again lower . Flour was 2 s per 2801 bs . cheaper . Seeds at drooping figures .

      Lonbon Smithiield Cattle Market . Monday , July 15 . —The Beef tiade ruled steady , aid in some instances the quotations were 2 d par 81 bs higher than were those obtained on this day se ' nnight , the very piimeBt Scots producing 4 s per 8 lbs . The Mutton trade was steady , at prices quite equal to those obtained on this day se ' nnight , the best old Downs producing 4 s per 81 bs . No improvement waa noticed in tbe a notations for Lambs . Calves si barely late rates . The Pork trade was very dull at our last quotations . , . ,

      Borough aj « d Spitalfields . —There are now but very tew old Potatoes on offer , yet the demand for them is in a sluggish state , at from 45 s to 80 s per ton . In new Potatoes ( . the supplies of which are abundant )) a steady business is doing , at from 83 to 16 s per cwt . Borough , hop Market . —The 6 upply of Hopa on offer is very small , yet the demand is languid , aud prices are barely supported . Some parties hava backed the duty at £ 145 , 089 . to £ 150 , 000 . Sallow . —There is uo alteration in this market-Town Tallow is 40 s to 4 ( k 6 d nett cash , and a good average sapply . Wool *— Noiwitbstandic ^ ihe large quantities of Wool about to be eubmitttu to competition this and the following week , wo have to report a very steady demand by private contract , at somewhat , advanced

      rates . Liverpool Corn Market , Monday , Jbly 15 . — The week ' s Imports of British Grain , Fiour , and Oatmeal are of moderate amount , but from Canada we have received 4400 qrs of Wheat , and 22 , 0 / 7 orls of Flour ; from the continent of Europe 14 , J 80 qrs of Wheat , and from the United States 1 , 400 qrs of Wheat , and 23 . T 0 & brls of Flour . The duties on Foreign Barley and Rye are reduced Is , w : front 6 a to 6 s 8 d . per qr respectively . Throughout the week , the Grain trade generally hae 1 been maninactivestate ; thedemand for Whe » t has been almost dealers in the town and

      confined to the millers aud immediate district , who have purchased only for their immediate supply ; owners , however , hay ^ not shown a disposition to submit to any material reduction of price . a ° d we do not note prices generally more than Id per bushel lower since this dayse ' nnicht Canadian Flour of the fresh imports sold at 28 s to 283 6 d per brl ; English and Irish at 40 s to to 443 per 280 lbs . Oatmeal 22 s to 22 s 6 d per load . Oats must be noted Id per bushel cheaper ; 3 d pec 4 ilbs for the best Irish mealing ; and , upon a very limited inquiry . Barley , Beans , and Peas bare offered on rather lower terms .

      LiVBBPOOX , Cattle Market , Monday , Jott 15 . — There ia little or no alteration to state in our Cattle market of late , the supply being good for this season of the year ; prices much the same . —Cattle imported into Liverpool , from the 8 thto tbe 15 th © f Julys—Cows , 1759 ; Calves , 28 ; She 6 p , 7 W ; LambB , 104 Si Pica , S 283 ; Horses , 23 .

      ^ Oriri).

      ^ oriri ) .

      Untitled Article

      of distraint , refused to let her have . One Lyons , a Jew broker , dwelling at 4 , George-court , Stony-lane ( an apt address ) , HoundBditch , then left tbe folio wing document , which waa handed into Mr Norton , of Lambeth-street : — " Bent , 3 s . ; levy , 3 s . ; and man in possession 2 s . 6 a ., making altogether 8 s . 6 d ., though all that Was due was one week ' a rent , Is . 6 d . " What a luxurious thing is English Jaw , even when it visits the hovels of the poor ! For la . 6 d . debt , law asks 7 s . costs ! Mr . Norton , however sent word to the landlord and the Jew that they must immediately restore the goods free of expence . He had better have sent bis warrant for their apprehension for tbe assault , and punished them accordingly . However , LeeBon may , aa a Briton , have this satisfaction—his house is his castle , so long as his landlord and a Jew broker refrain from breaking into it .

      A BOWL OF " PUNCH . " "AN Englishman ' s Housb is His Castle . "The truth of thia soul-delighting saw was beautifully illuitrated , two or three days' ago , in a court offftulston-Btreet , Whitechapel . A poor man , named taeoon , owed Is . 6 d . for rent ; yes , he was one week inatrear , having before been punctual with his Is . 6 d . His landlord , named Martin—may seraphs harp the syllables !—forced the room door off the hinges , dragged a girl of fifteen by the hair of her head from the bed , then her brother , a boy 1 of seven , and , lastly , removed an infant , which be placed on the ground outside the door / The poor gitl had prepared some food for the babe , which tbe merciful Martin , in the fullness of his powers

      A Post-office Pie—The Stamford Mercury states that a day or two . since a gooseberry pie was sent through tho Post-offibe . For the Sake of thoea who ate it , we hope that Sir Jamea had no finger in it , tbe Home Secietary having , just now , not the cleanest of bands . Orahah ' 8 "Secret Committee . "—The members of the Committee are only admitted into tbe room by a pass and countersign . Tbus , an officer appointed for tbe purpose cries " Fouche , " and the member answers " Jack Sheppard .- " on this tbe member—who , by the way , we should observe , is carefully masked , in order that the witnesses examined may not know their interrogators—enters , and takes his place . The first witness called and examined was

      SIR JAMES GRAHAM , BART . You are tbe Secretary far tho Home Ddpartment , Sin James ?—I have tbat good fortune , whatever tbe country may think to the contrary . And , as Secretary , you have the run of the Post Office?—Such privilege is one of tbe peculiar sweets of my office . j You have been in correspondence with several foreign powers?—I have . For the purpose of opening letters addressed to their various subjects ?—Exactly . I consider myself a sort of foolscap Jack Sheppard to atl crowned beadr . Do you conceive such custom congenial to the habits of Englishmen ?—Perhaps not yet ; but use— 'tis a worn adage—is second nature . In time , I have no doubt that letters may be opened quietly as oysters .

      is it not an axiom that every Englishman ' s house is hJacaatle?— Wbj , there is an agreeable fiction of the kind . There ia , too , a poetical illusion that to break wax or wafers ia to commit a felony . These things are the imaginative parts of the laws of England—or , I should rather say the . jokes , invented , to relieve the general dullness of the statutes . You do not object to break open a man ' a letter ? You would , consequently , not refuse to break open bis desk 1—Moat certainly 1 should , and for this reason . The letter may be : reseated , and bo escape notice : now the broken desk would at once betray the violence .. But how if you could open it with a false key ?—Tbat materially alters the question . Do you see any difference between a counterfeit seal and a false key?—None whatever . Both instruments are excellent in tbeir way ; and particularly serviceable tos" strong government . "

      Have you any objection to state what letters you have opened , and to whom addressed ?—No objection whatever . Here are copies of a few to and from General Tom Thumb , the Qjibbeway Indians , Mile . Dejjzat , Mods . Jullien , Mr . Eisenberg , the corn-cutter ; Her DoOler , Siguor Bertolini , tbe eatiag-aouse keeper ; alonB . Yerey . the pastry-cook , besldoa others . All of them foreigners ?—All . I bad tbem stopped in obedience to the command of their separate governments . Mpy the Committee ask you the favour to go over them ? Your long practice must have rendered you so excellent a reader ?—Truly , gentlemen , I never boast , never ; but if there is anything I can do , it is reading other people ' s letters . Proceed , Sir James . Here the worthy and respected Baronet proceeded to read an epistle from Tom Thumb to a brother in America : —

      " My 4 eu Jonathan , —We are gettia' 00 slick as greased lightniu ' : doln' it tarnation strong to be sure . As for the smartest nation of creation , I have now considerable doubts since I ' ve been among the Britishers . President Tyler is no rowdy at all after Queen Vic .: he never gave me the slightest thing on ainh—but the Queen has done the right thing in the way of millions of jewellery . Governor Barnum is as gay as an alligator in 5 pond of treacle . As for me , I ' m beautiful , and don't grow at all , the gin here being so splendiferous . I ' ve got watches from the royal family for all of you . " Your affectionate Brother , " Tom Thumb , General . " P . S . I don't sins Yankee Doodle now ; bat tip the Britishers God Save the Queen Nothing like soft sawder here , I can tell you . " Here Sir James Grabam was re-examined .

      What led you to intercept General Tom Thumb ' s letters ?—Instructions from President Tyler . You Will perceive tbat the President is spoken of in a contemptuous manner as being " no rowdy" at all . Now , if we are to allow Tom Thumb the hospitality of the Egyptian Hall , ' we are not to permit him to sneer at the head of a country with , which we are at profound peace . BeaideB , the President informed me tbat Tom Thumb was concocting a conspiracy with other Americans in London , the purpoaeof which was to destroy Pennsylvanian bonds , by buying tbem up . This the President considered an unexpected blow at the credit of his country .

      Sir James read other letters , but we have no room for the contents . He , however , declared that there was danger to our Canadian frontier in the epistles of tfee Ojibbeways—that M . Jullien was likely to set England by the ears—that Herr Dooler , by his adroit and successful shunting , naturally excited envy in all the breasts of DonniDg Street—and tbat Bettolini and Yerey , in their separate letters , gave great uneasiness to foreign nations , ia they proved that Young Germany , Young Switzerland , Young Poland , Young Italy , and Young France , were continually meeting at both the tradesmen ' s bouses , and of late consuming dinners and drinking wines of a very superior quality . It was plain , argued Sir James , that revolutionary gold was spreading ; and , therefore , it was his solemn duty to open every letter that came into his clutches ;

      The Post Office Peep-show . —Notice . —St . Martin ' s-le-Grand , July 19 th . ——Emperors , Kings , Princes , Grand Dukes ; Ticeroys , Popes , Potentates , Infants , Regents , Barons , and Foreign Noblemen in genera ) , are respectfully announced that , on and after the present month , tbe following alterations will take place in tbe opening of . letters : — ^ Letters posted at 9 a . m . Opened ™ 10 a . m . Do . 10 a . m . Do . 11 a . m . Do . 12 Do . 2 p . m . Do . 2 p . m . Do . 4 p . m . Do . 4 p . m . Do . 6 p . m . Copeia of letters opened will be despatched the same evening , and every infermation afforded aa to the address of suBpeetod -parties . A Polish mad Italian translator is now permanently engaged , and a choice assortment of foreign seals hia lately been , added : to the extensive collection .

      Greater dex' ^ e rity practised since the recent dis > closure * . V No increase in the prices .

      Untitled Article

      THE ABTIZAN . —A Monthly Journal of the Operative Arts . It is some months since we noticed this publication , the publishers having neglected to forward it to us . This week we have received the whole of the numbers including that for the present month .

      It has been impossible for us to read more than a few of the m&ny valuable articles contained in the present volume , bnt their perusal has fully satisfi * d us that" the bud of promise" contained in the early numbers has already ripened into " the fruit of performance . " Among the articles which have attracted our attention , we may notice the series on " Naval Architecture" ; the " Philosophy of Architecture ; * the " Iron Manufacturers of Staffordshire "; " Colo nialEoonomy " , * " The Prassian Commercial League "; " Leipsio and its Fairs "; " The Gorman Sculptors "; "Bar Harbours "; "Mines in Hungary "; "The Building Arts "; " The Silk Trade of France "; &c , &o . All these are worthy of a place in tbe most expensive of our magazine literature , and cannot fail to satisfy both the practical man and the general reader . We cannot omit special notice of the articles

      entitled " The State Trials , " " Causes and Remedy of the present Distress , " and the w Plea fer tho Engineers of the Navy . " These articles , though we do not agree with all that is advanced in them , show a liberality of sentiment , and depth of political knowledge , we were unprepared to meet with in the pages of a merely scientific publication . The Namber for July contains well-written articles on the " Principles of the Atmospheric Railway , " " Constructive Carppatry , " " The French Cotton Manufactures , " &c . &c . Prees of matter prevents us giving extracts from any of these this week ; but we cannot close this unavoidably brief notice without reiterating our good opinion of this Magazine , and our earnest advice to all classes , but particularly the Artizan order , to give their support to this admirably conducted and truly talented publication .

      Untitled Article

      THE MINERS MONTHLY MAGAZINE , Nos . IV . and V . Edited bt W . P . RobebtS , Esq ,. Thia ia a double No . for June and July , and at the present awfnl crisis of affairs in the district , from which this publication emanates , it cannot fail to command the attention of the millions now intently watching the issue of the unprecedented conflict there raging between suffering iaboor sod remorseless capital . We give the following extracts from two artioles couched in '' thoughts tbat breathe and words that burn , " as samples of the spirit and fervid eloquence pervading the pages of this gallant and glorious champion of the serfs of the Coal-Kings : —

      THE STRIKE . So then the strike continues , and the newspapers inform us tb&t ( so far sis the gentlemen who write in them can jiHge ; there exists less tendency towards a speedy termination , than appeared probable some vevks ago . Thay » ro right . Public sympathy has flown to tbe rescue . The men who do not require assistance , have , throughout the collieries , become jdutnally bonnd for those who would otherwise be destitute . The shopkeepers have approved of the security thus tendered—and , to their praise be it spoken—have come forward simultaneously , not only in the colliery villages , but also in Newcastle , and most of the other principal towns in the two counties ; and have agreed to supply provisions to tbe colliers on these conditions ,

      during the continuation of the strike . An incalculable amount of misery has thus been prevented . On the other hand , many of the coal-owners are recklessly creating tbe greatest amount : of misery it is in their power to cast upon tbe colliers . REVENGE , deep blood-dyed revenge , is taking its last gasp , by ejecting the c lliers and tbeir families from the hovels , called " dwelling-houses , " into the open air . Since the publication of our last number , hundreds of families have been passing their time—night and day—in the civilizsd , liberty-boasting , land of freedom , ENGLAND , under tbe broad blue canopy of Heaven . In many instances , their furniture destroyed ; in others , they have been , in some cases , removed from under tbe hedges ; in othera , apprehended by the police , under the Vagrant Act . Wealthy coal-ownera have descended to the occupation of porters ; and , with demon griD , thrown the collier ' s furniture into the highway . Nay—we have heard of a case or two , and will give them when

      the proper time comes—the streams of water from the springs have been turned from tbeir course , so that the houseless and homeless victims might be deprived of nature ' s bounty . Amid ail these desolating scenes , the enduring colliers Btand firm , peaceable , and undismayed . Tbe tenacity of pnrpose exhibited by each of the combatants , had not , in tbe first instance , been sufficiently taken into consideration . The sort of feeling entertained by the masters and the men may be very well contradistinguished from each other by the words obstinacy and firmness . Tbe masters are obstinate—they won't give ; in—thty dont't like to be beaten— it looks so—they'd never hear tbe last , or know the end of it—the men ( like Oliver Twistj , would always be " asking for more , " arid so forth ; their obstinacy has now attained its greatest altitude—il can proceed no further . The strike , in defiance of all the intrigues of the masters , still continues . Notwithstanding

      THE SUMMART EJECTMENT of whole families from their dwellings , iwhereby unoffending infancy—manhood—and decrepit old age were alike , and without distinction , brutally exposed to the piercing north-easterly gales that have prevailed : — notwithstanding tbe cowardly threats of the titled and wealthy , to innndate the two counties with hosts of labourers from Ireland aud Wales ; the causetbe good cause of the colliers—of right against undue and overbearing might , still flourishes and prevails . The Lord-Lieutenant , of five years hence , will find difficulty in believing tbat bis predecessor " came down" to " superintend the ejectment of a hundred families . " How smartly the story reads : — " Only a hundred . "

      " It ' s ot ; b long Pubses against ? our Hungry Guts . "—This phrase was quoted by Mr . Roberts as having been uttered by Mr . Armstrong , the viewer of the Wingate Grange Colliery : and Mr . R . quoted it as the moat callous-hearted and horrible set of words , and at the Bame time tbe most significant and expressive that he had ever heard . Mr Armstrong is no worse than others of his class—in some respects , he is rather better . As a " sentiment "—containing in » small compass a racy concentration of " Viewer morality "the "words are invaluable—they are a sort of " Coal Bible" in miniature—the banner under which the prudent Viewer nerves himself for a four months' strike : they should stand in bold projecting stone letters over the colliery-office door—bo low , so crisp , so dear , and so distinct , that tbe slave might strike hia head against them and out through the dark skin I

      O , the words are goed words ^ enough—good in the mighty work they have helped to do . Delicacy may shrink from them—faith and chpjity may turn in horror aside , and aik submissively to pass on—honour may fall flat aa the ornamental bro ' tallty strikes like a cold blow ; but be who believes ' . n a superintending Providence—he who believes in God—sees in their crooked shadow the giant power tJjat is lashing humanity on ! How much resolution Yjaa been created !—manhood , bow has it roused itself from Its reflective couch—coucb of down or of straw ¦ «>« & have entered into dull clods aa the damnabV depravity came out of its hell . Guts-aya , ffuls—hr , accepted the challenge of InE-< 3 elity }

      Hungry Guts , ir adeedl Hungry and hot too shall he be , who , -whethe r Jn DeBxt 01 month ., utters tbe threatening corse . € \ ntai—lrhew are yosrguts ? Who . God

      Untitled Article

      SIMMUND'S COLONIAL MAGAZINE—Jtn . Y . In glancing at the contents of onr contemporaries -weiave repeatedly observed favourable notices of this Magazine , and now that the opportunity has been afforded us of judging of its merits , we are nappy t 0 be able to record our favourable opinion of its general contents . The No . for July contains among other excellent articles , " Sketches of Cape Breton "; " The Agriculture of Hindostan "; the first of a series on "The Whale and Wialing "; "Notes on the West Indies "; " Information for Emigrants "; " Notes of a residence in Van Pieman ' s Land "; " A Narrative of the Niger Expedition "; &c , &c . This last nas much interested and amused us . We had marked several passages for extract , but find we can only afford room for theJbllowing ;—

      It was about four o ' clock , p-m ., when Obi took his departure , immediately after -which we proceeded upwards , expecting to arrive at Iddah in a few days , and carry on the same farce with the chief ef tbat territory . We lay at anchor a few milea above Ibu all the next . day , Sunday , early on which morning , two females , one possessing some personal attractions , came on board and remained some time ; both were dressed in the country cloth worn toga fashion , with ivory bracelets and anklets . We learned that they were a brace ef Obi" 8 wives returning to their leving lord rather slimmer in sppearasee than when they left him a few weeks back ; they had been staying vrith their parents while in an interesting state , and according to Obi ' s system left their pledges of love to be provided for by their father , tbe chief of the village on the left bank we ¦ were lying oS . I beg to suggest , fer the earnest consideration of Benedicts , the propriety of following Obi's txample .

      After breakfast next morning , S—— accompanied me to tbe cliff * to take sights . While I sketched , tbe natives -were swarming around us , and ,, like all savages , -were regarding the instruments with awe . A respectable looking mas , clothed in a bine tobe , -witb a red doth cap and blue silk tassel , came mattering and kowtowing before us . An interpreter informed ns be wanted some charms—one to make heart-strong in battle , another to counteract the effects of any poison ¦ which some inmates of his harem micbt think would be tor bis goad , by sending him post haste to the honris ;

      and a third to ensure tbat the countenance of tbe Attab should ever be to him as bright as tbe sun nnobsenred by a dead . Feeling great pleasure th 3 t it so easily laid in my power to contribute to bis happiness , I scrawled npon three pieces of paper and presented tbem to Mm , -which appeared , by hiB gestures , to afford him as much satisfaction as if bis Sovereign had given him a Pachalic Tbe next battle he goes into he will prove himself a secend Rnstam , and if none of bis wives give him the " saucy water" or the Attab orders his head tff , be may stand a geod chance of dying quietly on his grass mat

      Oa threading my "way back , J soon arrived at the palace ( ' ) of Amznada Bn , the king ' s sister , the roof 0 / ¦ which -was -within three feet of the ground . On stooping down at the entrance , 1 had a view of and the boconr of shaking bands -with her royal highness . She appeared to be about fifty years of age , of a colour between brass and copper—like a Bed Indian in tbe jaundice—aa-ngiy as Bin , and tbe most disagreeablelooking . hag I bad yet mat witb ; her arms , chest , and face , were smeared over with indigo and red clay , the sign of " widow's -weeds . " She was very bnBy examining a parcel of small looking-glasses and paltry

      trinkets , given to her by some of tbe officers seated around ; these * be quickly passed ( after scrutinising ) to her female attendant , a lady of more prepossessing attractions than her royal mistress , whose arms and legs were covered with bangles and other ornaments . On taking leave of her royal highness , I proceeded with the mission to witness the ceremony of the Attah signing the treaty . After crawling through a few huts and conrts , -we emerged in a sort of pound , about ten yards square , and there found hi * Majesty and court in state . Theiirrt glance" brought to my recollection tbe West countryman in the old

      song" L—d , be that tbe king tbat I we there ? Why I lee'd a chap at Bartlemy fair , Look more like a king than tbat chap there' " Faitened-against the mud vail of his palace were several pieces of country cloths , against which some sort of a *» t , about a yard high , covered with a leopard ' s nVn , had been erected , on which was seated th « monarch—tbe blackest man I bad ever seen . He was , or appeared to be , extremely corpulent , so mnch so , that he seamed to be unable to walk ; bnt probably it -was all padding . Obesity here may be like what it is at Bornon , a mark ef high- caste—at any rate the «« Westminster Shadow" might have given him any disttnea fery « siely .

      Untitled Article

      Jult 20 , 1844 , THE NORTHERN STAR . g

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 20, 1844, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1272/page/3/