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Northern Star (1837-1852), 19th October 1844, Edition 1 of 1, Page 4, Untitled Ad

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    • Sfoveign ^t^nncnt^.
    • AN AUTHENTIC ACCOUNT O? THE HASWELL COLLIERY EXPLOSION,
    • THE JSORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1844.
  • Adverts (1)
  • Text (9)
  • Transcript

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      Untitled Ad

      W ITH a verbatim Copy of the Evidence taken as the lcquest ; a Map of the Colliery "Work * ings , Explanatory Notes , &c . & . Z ., XDITI 3 BV \ i . P . ROBERTS , E Q , Will be pablished on Tuesday , tbe 5 : h November . Copies may be had ( thefprice will be either Sixpence or Eightpence ) , from Mr . Cleave , London ; Mr . Hey wood , Manchester ; and Mr . Hob'on , Northern Star Office , Leeds ; and a sufficient number will be sent to the Conference at WakeSeld , to supply ail who may be desi'ons of obtaining them through the Delegates .

      Untitled Article

      IRELAND FOR THE IRISH . THE TRADES OF 1 BELA 2 CD . versus THE REPEAL PATRIOTS TO THE ED 1 I 0 B . OP THE KOSIHS ^ N STA 3 L Sib , —Will yen be kind enough to allow ~ mz Some little space in jour valuable journal -whilst 1 lay befcre your reader ^ the injustice IrishmeB Teceive at the hands of those who so testily cl « nonr for » Jrdand lor the Irish" ! Your readers may not be swire tliat the operative takers of Dubiiniliave been ^ breed to strike against their employers ca account of an atKmpted _ reduction of -wages . This « rusa ? Se against the rights of labour is led on by fonr or five of tbcse who preach Hepeal ; sons 3 of whom are also "members of the Corporation « f DrAlia .

      The oomEnttea of the operative TPanaers are nobly doing their duty to the oppressed * nember 3 on Strike , i > j exciting the sympathy of tradesmen in general , in their behalf , j er this purpose a deputation of their bedy awrred * nex& on Sentiay last , to bold a faceting for the above object , ^ 7 hich was announced by pcblK placard , to be held in the Linen-hall ; bat what was the surprise of the people when they were told ibey eeuld not get ihe hall for the meeting . It may bo proper to ^ observe , that this hall was erected by -a tax levied-on the poor weavers , by the hEpcEition of one halfpenny on each piece sold in it ; bat ihe management-was unfortunately handed

      orer to a set of middle-cless tyrants , who have now Xefcsed the weavers admission into their own halL Whsa Mr . Murray , of the Anti-Corn Law League , came here to Tonm nonsense night after night , the hall ttss open to him . Jso matter what the object of-any meeting ^ ras , bo as it did not atiempt to raise tbe working man to that £ ta * . « in Eociesy to -which his worsh entitles him , the ball eonld be tad ; but to the wo * kias ; man there is no admission . This is the way I rapport we a ~ e to nave cur inte-. rests attended ts , -whtz those men who , only jesttr-< ls v , stut the people out of the place built by thra-Eflves , siall hare achieved thdr dariing measure , Mrekr . d for tie Irish . "

      By : he lime the meeting "vras to hare taken place , alt ' j : 5 vO were prej-enr . Tncnews of the rascally hall « oasffiiuce kept numbers from beirg present , thinking iV . si : b- meeting would not be held . The lain "beginning to fall heavily , an cfier was made by P . Connolly , Esq ., of . Ms laixje stores , to winch place the people repaired . Tke chair was iaken by a working man ^ the raeet ' iDg was ably addressed by the cepuiaiicn from Dublin , as also by ? omeoftne tradesmen of the town , one of whora ( Mr . Hugh Csrsher ] , ca prtposirg a resolution for *• a fair day ' s T ? sgrs ioi a . fair csys wort , " f j bsoq standing to their order ; Ehciring also , that nntil . the working

      Cias . m-s nave a voieo in the making of the laws by which thek- Ures smd properly are sfi ^ cted , they Trust ercr be iht s-sv ^ s of ibe clashes above tbem . He gtctv a f&iiiful picture of what the people are to expoe ; by following in the wake of the shams and Efat-y-hovs . "What , " said he , "have we got frora those iesh for whom we hare oi oftensLontee , whose Deeiii-gs we have swelled , and for whom we hare Enbscribfcd our pence ! What hare the working class got for all this ] Isotbing bnt insult , oppression , and , oa tils day . exclusion from the hall bnilt hj our faihcrs and bro : Lers . And bo will this ee £ tiiiEe £ r , long ss we are ^ cprired of the elective fraacbise ; get that , and tfeen we snail command the respect we are entitled to . "

      Several qiher excdlent speeches were delvrered , and , sfrer diking the necessary arrangements to gnppc-ri the men on strike , and thanks having been Toted te ibe Cuairinan for his proper conduct in the ehcir , also to Mr . Connolly for his kind and generous conduct in accomedating them wiih his rooms , lie rscetisg separated , giving ihr » e cheers for tho Tights of iabocr , and three groans for * the Linen Bail Commuter , who are ail Repealers . This cay will Ipsg be remembered by the insulted trades cfDroghtda , —insulted by tno ^ e meek patriots who ztctt rich on the very miseries which thty fain "wonic make as believe thty waas to remove . There

      is , fcrmnitely , a growing spirit of democracy in this couiitry , -svincii should ba encouraged by every means . This was fally proved at the meeting on ye ^> rdar , wiien we 2 nd speeches delivered which ¦ srcali do credit to fonie cf your Charlist meciintf , aiKi -s-raica were lonely applauded by the tmsiinz Ttis Bpeais volumes for -ihe people of Drogheda , "who , al '_ hon >; b £ 0 Ee of them had to beeome unwiliing esScs for iLelr advocacy of the People ' s Charter , lave ihe san ^ faeiioa of knowing that d ^ espii © ihe odrum taey iare laboured under ot * "B " icody PtSisasitss , " ti . s sacreu csinse ol Chartism is progrc £ iii : g daily und hourly .

      l £ ecnchisioa , I won ; d beseech all Chanists , who can rpzre a" S ! ar ~ to sead i : to Ireland . By such me 3 Es they wiilfsa the ilime ol'iiberty now kindling in tils deladed ccsatry . Those who hate no 3 C--Quaintanc ? b-Fia , BiiO-ii i aet tea ji ^ iass of neighbours i . nd Friends , and scnu ihs paper to them , when it will be read with advantage , fur we are ia = t becoming a reading ptopi ^ , and shortly will be a free people also . Wi : h best wishes , I am , Sir , your tru ? y , ASliTOGITOX .

      Sfoveign ^T^Nncnt^.

      Sfoveign ^ t ^ nncnt ^ .

      Untitled Article

      SPAli . Onr accoants from Madrid are of the Tibinst . The capital was in a great ferment , bui the public jKice had rot bean disturbed . Tne Ministerial differences were daily esp ? c : edto break np ihs Cabiaef , and ' the > Iini « teri 3 l papers were incessantly proclaiming a "Progressists , conspiracy as an excuse for further displays of force . A Telegraphic di ^ pa * ch from Madrid announces that ihe Cones was opened by the Q leen in ptrsi / H , en the 10 _ h instan :. Letters from Algesira ? conSrm the accounts pre-Tionsly received of iht sinking of the B . "jyo , a galliot belosging to the S .-anisa Government , by the suits c > f Gibraltar , and declare ihat the Spanish vessel did show her colours , which is no . by any means likely , a » , if « be had done so , taere would have been no" pretez . % for nriDg on her . GREECE .

      The Aiis 3 iurg \ Gczttti palishes a letter from the Pj s \~ , of ihe 25 : n bepiember , in wiich it is stated thai la the preliminary sitcinss of the Greek Cbambtr = at . AtLrirs , General liiias prcsidtC in ibe ChamiiT ef DcpTi-iies as cldei » member . A commiu-ee ¦ R- J 3 soininated to Hcrc : ia z 2 the ejeciiois . T- ^ o ciri-ioiis iwk plsc * on ihe questions whether the sdaiiiskik of l ) epnd- ; 3 should be discussed publicly or net , which was carriid in the sSrniaiive by a E 2 J 'T . iy on the firss diTi « -ion of it-3 lo 4 , and on-the Ei-c >; DU dirision cf lol to 23 .

      TURKEY . A letter irem Constantinople cf the 25 : h of Sept ., Ecunons thai a Sre had broken oa £ n ^ ar the Biz iar , in that c tj , woici deployed upwards of ltO houses ar-d 5 GD -hops . Ths accounts from Albamia were favourable .

      UNITED 5 rATS 3 . Livrij : - > Ai , McjBiT 2 ^ jght . —By tht aTnTzlof the BjilonsEd Halifax iieamtr Britannia , Hewitt , f . ten «' c ^ uck tb ; s eTe ^ i » : g . wiih datts frr-m 2 v-w York to ti ? 3 O . h u !^ . Bostsn the l ^ aisd Halifax the 3 rd instant , ^ re feave received our ns'isl files of newspapers . Mr . Calhous , Secretary of S ate , has been busily engaged ir . inTestf g ^ 'injj all ths q'ie ^ iions . sX issue betw ^ tn England and the United States , and it is anticipated rfca ; he will be prepared with new msarjres ca ice subject in tha cc-aiing Congress . Tae only stat « aietit from a high source is tne remark , -tfca * . ** ihe o = Seaine 5 between England and the TJiited Sia"fc 5 arc so arranged thai the claims of the cuiied £ : aies are placed on a satisfactory and hcnenr-tble basis / ' Tne nex : session of Ccngrcss mil ts is ^

      ortsit" Tarioas rjT 23 T 3 Ta Te ? p -ating tha Mormons are S ^ Tsp , to the ffTc £ ; lha ^ dissensions exist among tb-e _ leaders of the see ;; thai Elder Sidney ll : « don hz £ b-ea tried by his brethren on a enzme of having fenced a E ^ cret plaa 10 diTicc the cburch , and thai he f » Ai coBvicted and ter : ttiiced with bis feilowc-K to be cu : tff Iryra tie encreb of Lauer-day Saints . Asoiiicr _ c : 3 . te ^ i £ ii ; i =, thai ihs " spiriin-i wife" -doctrine , irhici 7 tjl = pr&visu =. ; j ceai-ed , had b ^ en acfaiowlsdged . "Yii another is , tbat the pee-ple of Illinois -re attemp ' ifl ^ ^ to eiarTo the ctct out of the ¦ co-jsi' jrj . The l ^ Tn ? lz tsss adTanclag very cspiciy , th- li- ^ dtr ^ prophc 5 jiag the reappearance of Joe Sra'rh to cir-nsesra-te and dedicite it to thb Lord .

      iliscELiXssfrns , —We Icaru , v ' a Havanna , that G-.-i ; £ Jil Well has s . < r : u 3 % - comraeced-. operations agitnrt Tss ^ oa lb . 2 Rii ) Bravo , and tba-J G ^ eral H- ^ aston , president of Texts , had sent overtures to Siu ^ a Anna fvr peaco . 'ISjo character of these overtures has Hot transpired . Mr . SianGa , Uie Unii-cJ State-T HKnisltr to Mexico , has beea very honoar ^ biy rccHred at Tera Crcz . The wife of Santa Ama died a xew weeks ago . iJscanrgara £ &o resignsi nii s-Iioatioa as Mrxseas 31 inls ;? r of Siaie . Tne crcnj ; 2 i in . Texas ana Cuba ias ceased . General Hoss . cs ^ nd bis trocps have captared the

      rinslead-« rs ijf the " Kegulator" and u Moderator" bands . of brigaccs that infest SJorthern Sfexa ? . Tne town . of Ba .- 3 £ et = rrc , Gaadaloape , ba 3 b&sa destroyed bj i fi- ^ . M r . T . ' ulf , agcEl of the Asttricas Mining . Cosipssy in Cuba , and ser = ral EnglUh and Ataeri- ma alstrs , kxvy been arr-ested , chargul with a par- tic ^ ps-iiOE in tiso i&cam sh&e iasnrr-& 3 iioE . The ; fCfi y < LTH 0 T si Cubs has eff-red premiums f « " the seitlecifutvf whlia famiiks in thai island . T .-. ere has : bliss ncv rerylutiOE at Lima , in which jpornicgo ' EMi = j a pri rzia ciiizen , has besc proclaim&d prc-si-: c . zU G'Jino i ? on : the coast of Labrscor U ; . abuc- ! c-jiiiy iniporifciiz- - > tiie Brisisb prorine * .

      CiNiDA . Ths CssidUn r-t- " . icjer « $ Jias been dissolved , and , ancsy clec : i © a a ^^ 'ji , : nc ecvt Parliament tomcat on lbs I 2-h of > • - . csber . Letters Irora Canada ; say ihat- the * ' t ^» p ~ :- -f p 3 riies are mcnarebial and jtpabneas , ote siriri ^ u = fur British eounectrsn , ; tiii di ' - ^ r anxious fsr i ^ -,-.-ndeDce , or annexation to j the TJaitcd SiateE . iia ci * -8 iioa will be the » ost iiaportsat smd ezci ^ g eTtr h $ i $ ic the proYiaoe . "

      Untitled Article

      SOUTH AMERICA . Late xkd IifTEiiESTinQ from Mixica ^ -The Mexlesn sciiooner Fortuna arrived at New Orleans on the 19 th insta&t , from Vera Cruz , which port she left on the 8 ; h , and we copy from the Picayune a snmmary of the intelligence received by that vessel . " ¦ The iirsk news i 9 , that tbe town of Matamoras has been destroyed by & hurricanes . It occurred on the night of the 4 ih nlu , and "was more tremendous ib ita tffects than the b . nrricaies of 1835 and 1837 . Mor « than two-thirds of the hooses of the city were prostrated , and the remainder were more or less injured . As to the extent of the loss of life we are not accurately informed . T&e correspondent of El Censor de Vera Oniz estimates the whole loss at above tiro hundred souls . The direst destruction , however , bo far as we can learn , was at the two mouths of the Rio Graade , some thirty miles below the city of Matamoras , Here scarcely any were saved .

      "Asio the preparations wbich Mexico is making for the invasion of Texas , we can learn very little of a definite nature . That active operations are going in enlisting and equipping troops there is no doubt ; but onr personal informants and our correspondents seem to question whether the conquest of Texas be the object in view . There would seem to be but one other , and that is plainly indicated in some of our letters , to make Santa Anna dictator . But this is a subject on whioh we shall not be long left in tho dark . " All the papers we receive from V * ra Cruz are clothed in mourning for the wife of Santa Anna . Ske appears to have been held in the highest personal esteem , independent of her elevated rank .

      "The fever had almost entirely abated at Vera Cruz when the Fortune left . Our informant heard nothing of it . The British sloop of war Inconstant and the Rose , which lately visited us , and two Spanish brigs , were the only vessels of war at Yera Crnz .

      WEST INDIES . " Lateb fhom St . Dow . vgo . —We learn from Captain Crowell , of the brig Arehelaus , from Port au Platt , which place he left on the 8 ; h mst ., that iffairs at that place were in a very unsettled state . The people were leaving other parts ef the island by evtry opportunity that offered . General B . Owavo bad been recalled to the capital , and was . succeeded by a general commanding at Santiago Most of the officers under the Dominician government had been removed and their places filled by

      Spaniards . Great prcpara ; ions are being made to place the town in a good state of defence . It was reported by a schooner from the Cape , the day the Archelans Eafled , that President Gurrier had arrived at that piece , and that he had effected a settlement of the dificulties which have been so long peudinp , and a re-union had taken place on the pars ef the H&ytien 3 . Tha President had visited all the eastern pans as far as Lake Savon , and from these and other movements it is apprehended there would be an immediate attack on the Spanish part of the island . "

      Tbisidad was visited by an earthquake on the 59 . h of August , about 3 a . m . No material damage was sustained .

      FOREIGN MISCELLANY . Attempted Suicide or the Polish Gkkerii . "Umixski , SEAB Spa . —Spa , Oct . 8 . —Tho above-menttoned galbnl officer recently quitted Brussels in oyder to pass a few weeks at Spa , intending upen his return to discharge a small sum owing to the proprietor of the botel , where he had lodged at the former place . Having remained longer than was his firsi intention , his creditor obtained an order for his arrest . Thi 3 order placed in the hands of the Spa commissary of police was executed in the most offensive and brutai manner . The General having procerded as far as Theuse , on his return to Brussels , was seiz .-d bv tipstaffs and given over to the charge

      of two gens d ' armes , who not only compelled their prisoner to proceed on foot to YerTiers , but in despite of bis rank , age ( 7 ' . ) , acd remonstranoes , urged him forward with insult and blows . Overwhelmed by this disgrace , the unfortunate exile , an old General of the Eiapire , first attempted to hang himself wictl his Ararat , bnt was prevented executicg his purpose . He tben endeavoured to open the arteries of his arm with a rsiar , bnt this intent wa 3 likewise frustrated . General Dminiski ' s countrymen at Brnssels and Spa having heard of his misfortune , hastened to his assistance , and relieved his necessities . Universal reprobation has fallpn upon tho ootBmis * Miry of police and his agents . Such are the iacts of this affair .

      The kuitrt dose te the Shannon steamer in the late storm is not bo serious as was at first apprehended . Tbe snm of £ 30 will , n is estimated , set all to lights , and she is expected to Le ready for sea in tftw days .

      Untitled Article

      THE HASWELL " ACCIDENT . " We must no longer call the premature death of ninety-five working men " accidentally" hurried from existence into eternity , a hukder . No . It was purely " accident , ' notwithstanding the u insuffidenl dams , " the " absence of tvaslemcn" or the insufficient pillars to support tho superincumbent weight of roof . 0 , it was all" accident / ' quite an "accidskt " : and the j-ary of viewers , clod poles , ¦ nnderEtrappers , overlookers , and the whole tribe of Coal Zing dependants . have declared , osthktroatbs , that the proper verdict was " accidental death" : and not only so , but at the instance of Mr . Coboser , they further declared , that " no blame was attachable to any person "

      This might have been all very well , and would isTe been very proper , if the Coroner , as was his duty , had allowed the jury to hear both sides oj ihe question ! But , no . That , even that , would have been an intuit to the ** high-minded and honourable " defendants . Mr . Roberts , as will be seen from our report , again and again pressed upon the Coroner the propriety of examiniDg witnesses on behalf of the

      relatires of the unfortunate creatures who met with the ** accident , " and was as often refused ! Will not any man of light feeling at once say , that such refmal is calculated to leave an impression on the minds ef the living , that the " accident" might h ave BEE * aveezed j and that witnesses might have deposed o some means being proposed to those in authority , whereby the u accident" might faaTB been obviated , or its consequences much mitigated !

      Well , afier au , what will be the effect produced by such daring atrocities—such insulting outrages , perpetrated against public jastice and human feeling ? Will it not go far to convince the people that , however the Government may sympathise with them , the power of the middle classes is capable of overpowering the very best intentions of the GorernmentJ We learn that towards the close of the proceedings , -when the " aeddentaf mantle was thrown orer the shoulders of the innocent officials , tie Court , the solemn Court , instituted to enquire into the means by which ninety-five poor

      men were destroyed , presented a disgusting epectacle of lacgbiag viewers and mocking editors . We envy thsia not their black hearts and morbid feelings ] But , hold , who are we thus censuring ! Why the very "Icsl friends" of the living and the dead . A paltry subscription of some £ 2 , 000 has been raised for the suppojfc of the families of the " accij > £ szaij . t" w : ; u > £ eed ; and the Durham Chronicle insolently observes , pointing to this list : " // icill now ie seen icho are the best prikxds of the men . " Matchless insolenee ! If the owners of the pit were ,

      as they ought to be , compelled bj law to make compensation to ike families of the survivors , even at tho presecfc rate for injuries sustained , they would have to pay at the rate of 5 s . per head per week , the sam of £ 1 , 235 annually : and jet , when they get eff with a subscription of Bom © jSTOO , > ts are tola that after all they are " ihe best friends'' of the people . We do not , we never did , like this charity system . We wnit justice , simple , naked justice for ibose who may bs injured , and for tha families of those who may be murdered by " accident . " If an officer receives & wound in " otra " service , he has his pension , If a soldier receives a

      Untitled Article

      wound , he too h&a his pension . If aa officer pie ? , even dies accidentally , " Mb widow is entitled to a pension ; and the poor collier contributes his quota towards the tax . But when a poor man ' s life is sacrificed in the act of making money for a tyrant , the laws of his country or of society hold the tyrant under no sach obligation . Verily it is high time that the people who pay for all should have some share in providing for those who are dear to them , and from whom they may be " accidentally " snatched ! .

      It will ba seen by an account of another " ac cidental" explosion , that the lives of nearly one hundred Colliers have been most providentially saved from the effects of the ignorance of a person placed in authority over them . Wo presume that if ( as we learn i 3 very likely ) any of those poor fellows shotJd die , a similar jury will return a similar verdict—notwithstanding the admission of Mr . Viewer Ltddell that the person whose ignorance caused the " accident" was not qualified for the situation to which that same

      Mr . Ltddell had appointed him- It really is high time that a stop should be put to suob wholesale , heartless murder ; and , as we learn from a programme forwarded to us of the business to be brought before the next National Conferenca of Colliers ' delegates , to aEEemble at Wakefield on the -4 th of November next , that several very important subjects are t » be then and there discussed , we would most earnestly press upon the attention of that body the propriety of each taking counsel on the 13 th , 20 th , and 21 st clauses in the programme , which are as follow : —

      13 . To take into eonsideraUoa the propriety of presenting a National Petition to the next Session of Parliament , praying for the following , viz . — First , an eight hours' bill . Second , Coals worked by weight on the beam and scale priBoiple . Third , Repeal of the Export Duty on Coal . Fourth , better mode of ventilation . Fifth , Inspectors of Machinery , Ropes , Mines , ho . 20 . That the Conference take ints their serious consideration the propriety , nay , indeed , the necessity of all Trades In the kingdom forming themselves into a Consolidated TJaion for mutual protection and support , and that the Conference take proper fitepa for the puipose of calling a National Trades' Conference to discuss this important subjrct .

      21 . That either a Home Colonization or Foreign Emigrant Fund , or both , be formed in connection with the Miners' Association . Te the matter in the 13 th clause they should certainly add the necessity of a satisfactory compensation for widows and orphans in case of " accidental death . " To the 20 th , we need not add another word beyond onr cordial approval of the plan . But , with respect to the 01 it clause , we trust that while every delegate will be prepared to support the prinoiple of Hosts colonization , that not a hand will be held np for expatriation . If 40 , 000 colliers woald subscribe Is . per week for two years , there would be a

      fund at the end of that time of more than £ 200 , 000 , which would purchase 8 , 000 acres of good land at £ 25 per acre ; and which , if divided into allotments of two acres each , would provide for 4 , 000 families at the end of two years . A rent of £ 1 per acre paid to the society , would leave an income of £ 8 , 000 to be annually added to the land fund . By these means 2 , 000 families could be annually placed on two acres of land ; and every subsequent year would give the society £ 4 , 000 additional rent . Thus , in ten years , la . per week paid by 4 , 000 colliers would LOCATE 10 , 000 FAMILIES ON TWO ACRE ALLOTMENTS , and leave a fund of £ 20 , 000 per annum for tho Society's purposes !

      We see no difficulty in the way of such an assooiation ; and sure we are , that under tho management of Mr . Roberts and good officers , t 7 would exceed in VTlLiTT and benefit , all the strikes that ever have , or ever icill , take place . Let us therefore hear no more of the people ' s readiness to take their affairs into their own hands , and their fitness to manage them , ir , with all the machinery ready at hand , they are not prepared to emancipate themselves from all the honors of clasa legislation and social inequality , by so sure and so certain a remedy .

      We shall return to the matter contained in the programme of business for the Colliers' Conference ! again and again ; for in . it we recognise the fact , that however the recent strike was for a time unsuccessful , its failure has led to the " beginning of the end "; an end whioh if diligently prosecuted will do more to achieve the deliverance of the Colliers , and to protect them against " accidtnts , " than all that has ever yet been done . Let the tyrants onco see

      8 , 000 or 10 . 000 acres of land purchased by the society , and protection against " accidents " and compensation for losses will no longer be a difficulty , even with Mr . Foster . Poor Collier men of themselves cannot purchase two acres of land each ; but societies can weekly purchase thousands , which , when bought wholesale may be let retail . Let this bo done . Let all trades unite , and then the people ' e work will be half done , if not more .

      Untitled Article

      baaed , would not allow the absentee to hold his property altogether discharged of the performance of the stipulated and required condition . A Domestic Parliament , composed of representatives , who felt that a fulfilment of oertain conditions were exacted from them , would very speedily balance between the enjoyment of rights with the performance of duties , and the enjoyment of rights without ( he performance of those duties . Again , the men with largo properties would be the very first to discover the inconvenience and uncertainty of leaving their rights to be dealt with on the ground that

      the duties unperformed by absentees imposed heavier duties upon residents . The large proprietors therefore would have the greatest interest in remaining at home ; and their residence in their own countiy would enforce the re 8 iden . ee of aH other classes . The middle classes of a country are not the first to emigrate . Their emigration' is altogether in consequence of the emigration of the higher orders . Abandonment by both , leads to the necessity of the emigration of the working classes . If Ireland had a Domestic Legislature , an honourable rivalry would

      at once epricg np . Estoh proprietor in every count ; would vie with bis neighbour in the righteous discharge of those duties which property imposes upon him . Schools would start into existence . Competition in all sorts of improvements would supplant national prejudices , and act as a corrective * to that blighting and blasting system by which whole parishes are now depopulated of their Catholic inhabitants to make way for Protestant voters , where love of church and social subserviency can be relied on . The representatives might be , and probably for gome time would be , Protestants : but then they would be influenced by a self-interest whioh would

      not be otherwise served , than by a proper euro for , and courtship of , the whole people , the great majority of whom are Catholics . Sectarianism in the present day , and in the present temper of Ireland , dare not raise its head in an Irish Parliament , even though it should be wholly constituted of Protestant representatives : and if we are to take the following opinion of the Bervihty of Catholicism , a 3 the civil orebd of Catholics , we should say that neither Ireland , England , nor the world , would derive any very extensive advantage from the further extension ef Catholio rights . In a recent No . of the Belfast Vindicator , we find the following startling libel on the Catholio religion : —

      Most earnestly do we desire that our Conservative feiiow-oouiitrynjen would pewaade themselves of the truth of a statement lately proclaimed by The Times . that the Repeal movement ia neither democratic in its principles nor destructive in ita tendencies . We beseech them to lay it ap ia their minds among treasured truths , to guide them in their political views in reference to Ireland , that the rating prinoiple of Irish society is Catholicism , than which no system is more Conservative . The Imb . paople are in heart , no lesa than in religious prinaiple , a kiBg-loving end queen-loving race . Royalty , the fulcrara on which the great lever of

      Conservatism turns , has , therefore , nothing to fear from this Catholic nation . There is no Republican or Democratic i « mp « r on this side of the Channel except among ( he Presbyterians f and , while we oontitnte Calholic , theie never will . From the CaVholics Conservatism has nothing to fear , because of their principles and attachments ; and from the Presbyterians nothing , because of the Biu&llness of their numbers . On what legitimate grounds , therefore , are the Conservatives of Eagland and Ireland opposed to Repeal ? One of the dangers constantly threatening Ireland from the Imperial tie la ,

      that tne destructive elements which disease the social state of England may some day prevail , as they did before in the seventeenth century , and entail upon her a repetition of the calamities which she then endured . Give her a legislature of her own , and sb « will have a security against this calamity—nay , more , she will ia a powerful avxiliary to Conservative England against any ebullition of the destructive principles . Supposing this calamity now imminent , she coulJ not , as she bow stands ; either defend herself , or aid her sister iu & war against it

      We much doubt that bo gross and unfounded a lib « l against the Irish people , has ever been published ; no , not even by the Times , the Past , or the Herald ; nor even by the Church Standard : nor was one so foul ever uttered by Lord Lvnduurst . Had not our contemporary been engaged in a very hot war against the prinoiple of newspaper oeatralizUion , again revived by the Repeal Association , we much doubt that he would hava so far committed himself :

      as he must at onco see that if tho Irish Catholioa were supposed to bo represented in the above passage , it would at once and forever sever all connexion between the English and tho Irish people . The English people are struggling for the establishment of sound democratic principles , and for the . overthrow of " Conservatism : " and the Vindicator tells US , that THE GREAT VALUE OF REPEAL \ 06 \ lld be the power which would then be placed at the disposal of the Irish Catholics to assist the English

      conservatives IN THEIR W AH AGAINST THE ENGLISH PKCPlE ! This is far too * ' damnable a doctrine" , to be further commented on than is necessary for the refutation of a scandalous libel on the wiiolo Catholio people of Ireland , as well as on the Calhoiio religion generally . When Mr . Spring Rice was opposing the Repeal of the Union ia 1834 , he pompously exclaimed , — " Repeal the Union /—Restore the Heptarchy /"—and in the very next session , . England was not only divided into seven , but into more than seven score petty Municipal states , each having and exeroising a

      complete , and a more destructive , sway than that exercised by the petty kinga in their respective principalities under the Heptarchy . It has ever been the custom of the Whigs to confer powers on the people , in the hope of being able to wield it to Whig purposes ; but the moment the people are opposed to the doctrine , or rather to the lust of Whiggery , then a wrong use ia made of power . Had not Mr . Spring Rice : the brains to understand that the prinoiple of individualism was the great principle enforced by the Municipal Corporations Reform Bill 1 and that however it might , in its

      infancy , bo subservient to its parent ' s purposes , that it would , when matured , be pushed far beyond the point of Whig convenience 1 " R'peal the Union !—Restore the Heptarchy ! " why it ia the very prinoiple for whioh all naiions are now contending ! It is the antagonist to centralization : and the Repeal of the Union is the largest form in whioh the principle has yet presented itself . Repeal the Union ; and instead of D ibtin , Cork , Limerick , Waterford , Belfast , and all tho many large ee&port and inland towns in Ireland transmitting their wealth to the " Great Wen , " for the support of a

      court , an idle aristocracy , and pensioned slaves , each in turn will demand a portion of its own fat and marrow . England and Sootlaud will very speedily demand—nay , they are already demanding , a Repeal of that Union by which the stomach is gorged . to plethora , while the hands ana arms that feed it are paralysed . Yorkshire and Lancashire , and the other large counties of England , will not much longer roat satisfied with the present bleeding system . Liverpool , Manchester , Leods , Bristol , Hull , Newcastle , and the other great seaport and

      manufacturing towns , are , as well as Ireland , looking for a Repeal of that Union whioh has consigned them to beggary , want , and starvation , to the end that an overgrown metropolis may servo as an exhibition of the' power of Ministerial centralisation and English grandeur . The Romans rebelled against their overgorged Belly ; and iu vain did Menenics Agrippa attempt to reconcile them to its monopoly . He sought to reconcile the Romans in his dap to the devouring " Belly , " as our sticklers for national greatness do in our day . He said to the complaining

      poor—r " Though all ator . ee Cannot see what I deliver out to each ; Yet I can make my audit up , that all From n > e do back receive tie fljur of all , And leave me but the bran . WhAt say you to't ?" We think it would be as difficult to convince the English of our day , as Menem us found it to convince the Romans of his time , that they " Do back receive the flour of all , And leave others but the bran . "

      The people do not even get the bran , Such is the meaning of Repeal : a return from the principle of centralization which is the most de-

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      structive of all destructive principles , to th * t of individualism , which is of all the most just principle . Perambulatory Legislation would increase those prejudices Which have been Ireland ' s ruin , and would confer -a benefit on a set of Dublin shopocrats which would reoonoile them to " things , as they are . " The meet vigorous Repealers now of that order in the ranks of the association , would . be sopped off . They would have got their "Charter "; and the Irish would have an increased force to contend against , as no doubt the Dublin shopkeeper ? would prefer Perambulatory Legislation with a

      suck at the double pap of the English and Irish cow , to the single pull at " ould granna ule . " Federalism would ! saddle Ireland with tho double load of domestic ! pelf and Imperial patronage : Repeal would create national greatness through individual comfort . We can well understand the tender meroy of ! England towards the Irish , as being the only condition on ^ vhioh the Uuion is to be continued ; but we cannot understand the policy of going to a very great expence for the pleasure and justice of keeping Ireland in a perpetual state of

      civil commotion . { Every additional pound spent by England in maintaining the Union is an additional reason why Ireland should demand its Repeal . The bargain cannot be good for both countries : and if England had not the lion ' s share , the advantage of the Union to Ireland jwould not weigh a 3 a feather in the scale . Since the Union , Ireland has remained as poor as she was , even though her population has doubled : and , as I long as the Union exists , every one of her material advantages will but tend to augment her people ' s Borrow ? , and her oppressor ' s lust .

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      DEPARTURE OF LOUIS PHILIPPE . THE DESPOTISM OF THE " CITIZEN" KIXGr " 1 . TJN VEILED . The King of the French , after a sojourn in this country of only six days , left Windsor Castle on Monday . The Q'leen and Prince Albert accompanied their " illustrious guest" to Portsmouth . The . ** tempestuous weather , " however , prevented Louis Philippe embarking at that port ; and after staying there some time , ho returned to London , from there to proceed to Dover by railway , H « left behind him thunder and storm at Portsmouth , only

      to meet in active and awful hostility another of the elements , unchained from man ' s controul . We of course allude to the dreadful conflagration at the Dover railway terminus , of which an account wil * bo found in another column . At length bis ~ &n gsbip succeeded in again turning his back on London , and reached Dover at half-past two o ' clock , on Tuesday morning , ! from which port he finally embarked at eleven o ' clock the same day , taking hia departure from the English shore , amidst storm and tempest . !

      There was a time in the history of nations , and that not long since , when the many unpropitipus circumstances which , crowding together , marked the departure of the King of the French , would have been deemed ominous of future tribulation to that person . But , thanks to the march of mind and the spread of" French principles , " this u wisdom of our ancestors" is not so ? much in vogue now : and thunder-storms and conflagrations in our day derive no additional intcrost , | from the persons or doings of Kings and Queens .

      For some days previous to the French King ' s departure , column after column of nauseating twaddle relative to the royal doings formed the principal contents of our diurnal contemporaries . Thus we had long accounts of bow the King looked , and bow the King laughed ! His eostumo upon that , or his drees upon this day ! How he chatted with that sage , Sir Peter Laurie ; joked with ex-sheriff Moon ; acd "eoft-sawdered" Lord-Mayor Magnay . How the boys of Eton cheered , and how the " welldressed" and therefore of course , religious Romanis : s of Clcwer , forgot their God to stare at a King , when attending their devotisns at the Roman Catholic chapel of that place . But for ail these

      interesting matters , we must refer our leaders to the daily papers . By-the-bye , did we believe in Priests and their craft , we should be tempted to regard one matter as ominous , viz . ; the selection of the following text by the Rev . Mr , Wilkinson , when preaching to Louis Philippe in the Catholic chapel : " Render an account of thy stewardship , for thou mayest be no longer ] steward . " Such a text we fancy must have grated on the royal eais very like the prelude to a condemned sermon . We fear , however , that the obvious construction to bo put upon Chie text , that of bringing Mr . Philippe to account for his long list of misdeeds , is too good to be realized at present . I

      It will be recollected that the lying Standard newspaper , in the quotation from its editorial drivelling given in our-last , repudiated the idea that Louis Philippe owed the success of his Government to military force : on the contrary ihe Standard said his success was wholly tho result of " consummate wisdom . " We lasf week proved the first to be an unmitigated lie , by the long list we gave of the bloody atrocities committed by his man-butchers upon betrayed patriots , and helpless women and children . We shall now prove the " consummate wisdom" to be neither more nor less than consumraatc cunning , perfidy , and villany , such as the annals of the most atrocious despots , have never surpassed . .

      Wo quote the following from tho Movement , a Sterling champion of the Rights of Man . The difficulties which oppose the path of the reformer in France are almost inconceivable to us living under institutions of apparently illimitable freedom , when compared to the espionage and extreme watchfulness of continental governments . The immense ramifications of their spy systems , and the shameless mean ' s adopted for the implication of any party considered obnoxious , makes it wonderfal that reform is ever heard of in { those countries . And yet these are the places where their influences are most felt—their numbers greatest—their doctrines more expansive—their devotion most intense . Aa a sample of the nature of the thorny path through which they have to pick their way , take the following , truly called au infernal

      : — ; " A man enters the shop of a wine merchant , Mr . Z , well Known : for his democratic opinions , and ¦ whose lady ia behind the counter . < Is your husband at borne , madam ? ' ' No , sir . ' ' Ah , I am very sorry for that ; I want to speak to him on business ot great importance' ' He will be in in about two hours . " ' Indeed ; I will walk a little farther , and then return . Desire him to wait for me . Good day , madam . ' ' Good day , sir . ' « A . propos . I have a parcel which ineottiuiodas me , would you bave tbo goodness to allow me to leave it with you till my return ? ' ' Most willingly , sir . ' Take ckre of it , if you please , that no one may take it' ' / will put it in the desk :

      " Shortly after , the husband returns , but instead of the stranger , a conimleaioce : of police enters the house , commences a strict aearob , finds the packet in the desk , and opens it . ' What have vre here ? cartridges !' Of ctuvsa the cartridges ate seiz 3 d , and the wine merchant dragged to prison . After 5 long preventive detention he is at length brought up before tats court . He baa a good witness asjto his innoeenca , and who relates the preceding circumstances , but still he is condemned to owe year ' s imprisonment , and 1 . 000 francs ( £ 42 ) flue . The fact is tbat the cartridges were left by some infernal agent , who then lost no time in denounoiog him to the police . 1

      At a alight disturbance « f the working tailors of Grenoble , nine were arrested and eent before a jury at the court of assize . Their innocence becoming manifest , the precaror 1 f the iking desisted from pressing the case , and they were liberated after four months preven tive detention . \ The labourers of Lyons not being Communists , desired to associate fojr mutual support Many were authorised so to do , others were in the act ot obtaining the necessary license , j and others Were preparing their articles for submission : to the proper q larter to make them legaL In March last , a commissioner of police by some means got S information of their meetings ,

      penetrated into a room where eighteen were assembled and seised thirteen in another . He found tbem discus * sing some propositions contained in a written s'jeet placed before them , ilt wes in vain that they maintained it to be the outline of a plan to be submitted for legalisation . The Commissioner pretended that they were a society already formed , and consequently illegal . Four months after , tfeied foremen were condemned to fifteen days imprisonment ; three tavern keepers thirty francs n \ -e ; and seven labourers to a fine of sixteen francs . At the same time five others were condtmaed for a combination , two to fifteen days' imprisonment , and three to a &as of j sixteen francs . And all these

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      sentences enforced against honest , hard-working men , who only asked to work that they might live 1 Anxiou 9 to place before our readers information the fullest-and most correct of the damnable system . of whioh Louis Philippe is the head , and under which the heroic people of France are suffering , we applied to a friend whom we knew to be well informed on the present state of France , and who , indeed , is the author of the article quoted from the Movement , to favour us with a brief sketch of tho " Citizen King" as exhibited through the operation of his-hellish laws for fettering the press , and nullifying trial by jury ; together with some acoounk of the spy-system , and the laws against the right of publicly assembling and associating . In the kindest manner our friend has replied to our request * favourisg us with the following sketch , which we beg to introduce to the ssrious consideration of out readers : —

      FRANCE—ITS LIBERTIES OF PBESS , JURY , AND CITIZENSHIP . The Minister of the Interior , similar to our Homeoffice , has the direction of all libraries and printing , offices , which are appointed by Royal ordinance , and may bave their patent withdrawn at the pleasure of the Minister , without trial . The number of printers is limited to the population ; so that in many towns there is only one printer ; and if he publishes any newspaper , it is generally under the superintendence of a Prefect of Police . But otherwise , if the police has ostensibly nothing to do with it , the printer knows his interest too well , and the penalties for contumely , to publish anything opposed to Governnibnt . The number of printers in France is about seven thousand .

      The press is bound down , by the heaviest penalties-, either to be silent , or speak only in approbation . No means are negAetf . td to intimidate or bribe . AU mention of the King , with regard to any political measure , except in praise , is prohibited ; all blame against the Government ; all attacks upon any class ; all censure against either of the Chambers ; all criticisms of the institutions of the country ; all vituperation of any law , how unjns ; soever in principle or injurious in its cons > -q lences , are declared delits , or crimes , and tho penalties extend from 600 franca to 50 . francs ; and from six years to ten years' imprisonment N ; ty , the Judges have power to double the maximum of penalty , and to sentence to imprisonment for life and to transportation .

      The conviction of a liberal or opposition newspaper is effected in the most speedy and effectual way , equal , in fact , to tho fate of the same depending on ths will of any enraged despot . . There are , in the first place , the greatest difficulties interposed to the establishment of a paper . A deposit is required of about £ i 000 , and tho responsible editor is required to be worth at least one-third of this sum . The effect of this is evident £ 4000 might be raised by a few enterprising liberal agents , but it would be very dificult to Sod one worth one-third the sura , willing to take also upon himself tbo labour of editorship . Thus is combination tendered powerless . Should the paper be convicted in any penalties , the £ 4000 mast be made np before another number of the paper be published .

      If the paper has been convicted twice , the Judges may order its entire suppression from that day henceforth and for ever . Against this tyranny there is only interposed the slight barrier of a court of so-called Justice ; but a glance at its constitution will show that so far from being the barrier , It is probably the incentives to prosecutions . The Courts are presided over by * Judge appointed by the crown—mostly a barrister in want of employment , and consequently a fit taal fot the Government . These Judges are generally of very inferior acquirements ; indeed the salary is so low , not more in the low courts than some £ 30 to £ 40 per annum , that no barrister of respectability will consent to fill them . At the same time there is a graduated scale of salaries .

      rising from the lowest much leas than £ 30 to £ 500 and £ 1000 ; and tbe sure stepping stone from the first up to the highest is a complete and most servile submission : the mote political the better . So much for tbe Judges . The Juries are still worse . The Juries are composed of the electors , and these electors are the placemen and retainers of Government . The electors number in all 200 , 000 , while the paid functionaries of Government are above 500 , 000 . But to prevent the least possibility of a liberal elector existing in France , the Prefects of Police have tbe power of erasing from the list any elector ' s name without assigning a cause for so doing . There are certain provisions for the elector to claim his Tote and the iosertivB of bis name on the Electoral List ; but tbe chances against Dim are eo man ; and so sure , that it u rarely attempted . From this List of Electors tbe Jury are chosen by tbe proper officer , not by any rule of rotation , but according to

      political sentiment . Lastly , to render a condemnation ot liberal sentiments as sure as possible , a recent law has been passed which forbids the discussion , among ihe Jury , of the questions brought before them ; for it was feared that a conscientious juryman might , with common sense arguments , overcome the bigotry and strong prejudices of his fellows . To prevent this , it is now ordered that each of tbe jurymen , on leaving tbe court , shall be provided with a card , on which is to be stated the questions for his consideration . He ia to write on this bis " yea" or " no , " and place it in a box , whence the foreman , in the presence of the Jury , will open it and decide the question according to the majority . To protect the Juries and Judges , no paper is allowed to publish their names , nor may they collect subscriptions for tbe payment of fines , or publish a list of donations received for that purpose . Either of these is criminal to the last degree .

      From sach a court there is little chance of eicape ; but to render conviction doubly sure , the Court of Pcer » —all appointed by the Crown—have the power to summon to their tribunal any writer or editor , and sentence him t * condign punishment . Thus the £ 4 . , required as a deposit , may be forfeited at any moment , according to the pleasure of Louis Philippe . Last of all , criers and bill-sticker * are forbid to exercise their calling till they have submitted their announcements to the inspection of the police Shortly after the Revolution of 1830 several of th « proprietors of the head journals were bribed into silence by many lucrative births being bestowed upen them , so that at the present time some are King ' s Councillors , others Commissioners ; and the refractory have been silenced .

      Against assemblies the restriciona are very severe . It is criminal for more than twenty persons to assemble for the discussion of any political subject , and the operatives are obliged to have from their employers a ticket , stating name , address , and occupation . This ticket he is at any time obliged to produc * on demand of the police . They are as much at tbe mercy of the Government as tbe serfs of Russia ; and eight millions are deprived ef all municipal and political right * . To the National Guard is suppssed to be entrusted the liberty and independence of France ; bit six months after the Revolution of July , 1830 , whicn put t 6 » Monarch on the throne , through tbe instrumentality of this noble Guard , a law was passed , whose first article announced that all deliberation of the National Guard on the affairs of the country , of the department , or tha commune , are attempts against tbe public safety , and offences against the state . This was the gratitude of Louis Philippe .

      Such are a few of the wrongs of la Belle France , whose oit ' zans care little for the " right of search , " or other questions mooted by their journals ; their thought * being mootly bent on their o * n miserable destiny . With a false and perfidious King ; a Chamber representing , not them , but the placemen of tbe Court ; the presa gagged ; liberty of speech and action denied ; spies everywhere ; and even the orders of the Muricipal Councils liable to be quashed at U « direction of the police , it cannot be said that , individually o& sociallt , they have any power or any right . The " CitfBin King' has , from the commencement , based his Government on principles direct ' y opposed to the best feeling of the country . He began fey betraying the Republic which chose him , by

      writing an autograph letter to foreign potentates , who threatened to oppose him , that he would restore the crown to the rightful successor , as soon as his kingly acts had reduced tbe people to their former submission and passive obedience ; and then he vacillated between tyranny abro-kd and Republicanism at home ; putting off the former en the ground of internal commotion , and the latter by the fear of foreign invasion . 16 is sot to be iorgottei either tbat his firat step was to call to hifl ministry Casimir Perrier , a Minister of Charles X . ; Guizot , a legitimist ; and the infamous Talleyrand ; thus pledging himself , by his choice of Ministers , to a course directly opposed to the Republic that crowned him . It is felt , too , that deception has ever been the basis of his system ; that almost all his political

      measures bave been to violate his most solemn promises ; tbat the most oppressive laws , enacted by corrupt legislators , have constantly been carried into execution with such violence , by subservient and cruel agents , that almost everywhere the people have been driven to insurrections , which bave been repressed with circumstances of the utmost crueity . Lastly , tbe slightest comparison will ehow tbat there is do country more despotically misgoverned than France , with her boasted Charter and " Citizen King " We may then » um up all by saying , that the individual liberty of a French citizen consists in a perpetual vassalage to all the delegates and hirelings of tae Minister of . the Interior , and in a perpetual fear of tbe officials of the Minister of Jastice .

      When , therefore , they hear our shameless press landing to the skies a man who has , and 10 , still icflictiDg such horrible atrocities ; when they know and feel his perfidy , is it wonderful that they construe such praise into deadly insults , and look upon Eogland aa " tne perfidious Albion V This ia the chief cause of their animosity against us , an « t truly we deserve it , when we so compromise justice and Uuib . J-B <' " The concluding remarks of our friend ' s most important communication , when he speaks of the way in whioh Louis Philippk juggled the people of France at tho time of his appointment to the throne , —an appointment in which the people had no voict but which was solely managed bjr the bankers , lean *

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      REPEAL OF THE UNION . " Irelandfot the Irish ? In our last number vre disposed of the two first branches of our subject—Perambulatory Legislation and Federalism . We now proceed to a consideration of that grand project upon tbe realization of which "Ireland" has been promised "to the Irish . " As there is no Statute ef Limitation by whioh national rights can be possibly barred , wo shall arj > ue the question aa if Ireland up to the present moment had beea a mere province of England . It

      would be an insult to the present genius of Ireland to recur to the unjust and bloody means by which the Union was effected . We 6 ball even admit , for the sake of argument , that at the period of incorporation the thing was wise as an experiment , just as a legislative measure , and most righteously accomplished . Thus , allowing the enemies of Repeal all preliminary advantage , we proceed to show that the experiment having universally failed , an alteration of some sort or other is demanded ; and that no other than that which a total Repeal presents could be satisfactory , or

      onght to be accepted . A great antagonist principle to the policy of centralisation is eveiy day becoming stronger and stronger * and is almost hourly manifesting itself in one shape or other . Toryism shocked by the Reform convulsion , has hit upon the expedient of centralisation as its future policy ; and public opinion in preparing to meet the old foe in its new character with the principle of individualism . The progress of individualism is developing itself in a de 9 ire to achieve popular " civil power : " and the Repeal of the Union has been defined by Mr . O'Connell as the medium , the only medium

      through which that great principle can be established . He has argued the question in its triple form : for the Irish Lords , as a means of conferring on their order , rights from which the present system excludes them ; for tbe middle classes , as a means of restoring to them that patronage whioh is now bestowed upon saxon foreigners "; and for the people , ss the means of " giving Ireland to the Irish . " We shall consider a Repeal of the Union , therefore , as tho most perfect and extensive realization of the principle of individualism for Ireland : and let us now see how far the change would realize benefits which neither the Perambulatory or Federal scheme eould possibly confer . Absenteeism has been truly

      complained of as Ireland ' s greatest grievance . A Domestic Legislature could alono cure that evil . Large landed proprietors , who make Ireland their " draw farm" and England or the Continent their home , would very speedily learn that property "has its duties as well as its rights ; " and tbat rights cannot be maintained , if the consequent duties are not decently performed . An Imperial Parliament uot only encourages , but compels absenteeism : and English interests forbid its correction . Irish interests represented in a Domestio Legislature , would prevent tha evil by one of two means . If absenteeism be a great national evil , as it confessedly is resident gentlemen who discharged those duties as the condition upon which the right of property is

      An Authentic Account O? The Haswell Colliery Explosion,

      AN AUTHENTIC ACCOUNT O ? THE HASWELL COLLIERY EXPLOSION ,

      The Jsorthern Star Saturday, October 29, 1844.

      THE JSORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , OCTOBER 29 , 1844 .

      Untitled Article

      A THB NORTHERN STAB . Octobbk 19 . 1844 . ^ _ — _ ¦¦ - -. , - - . , , . . ; . , . , 1 . ¦ : . _^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 19, 1844, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1285/page/4/