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TO TIIE CHARTIST BODY.
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Cranes' iftotaents.
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Rmtit faxUilwim.
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TO THE ENGINEERS, MILLWBiGIlfs r MECHANICS, SMITHS, ANI»li;oNrMOULWiiS OF GREAT BRITAIN' AND IRELAND. "-,
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Mt Deah Fkiends , — I am now about to addie * vou upon the subject of the forthcoming Convent ™ , j know that there is a mind now ia England , boo .-hul . a « d Wales , to which I can appal mfci a jrospoet of beios nmkfeiood . We have bad a lo « e lull in H « V'W * > euwed ' * * " Of ^ T ' * stances , and to ffiiich it is unnecessary to reler further than to owcrve that all classes of society appeal to 1 » better satisfied now thau tliey lravc beeu fa many yeans past ; but I flin of opinion tliat the work-? , 1 da&xs perfectly uiMleretand the fact , that while
tiie satisfaction of ihost oilier classes is likely to bt permanent ; tiis satisfaction of iliek order is merely cvaiieseeut , end may be blown away at any given jnoment . I say tliat tbe prosperity of other classe s is likely to be permanent , although" all are ooniplfliuin 2 » and I will tell jou . why . The landlords complain , and yet they'lave a sunk-lent amount of poUtica ! jwnrcr , Tvlicnthe crisis comes , to protect themselves V an assault apon Church property , upon funded proj « rty , and ^ upon all other assessments to which the ] aniis liable . The landed interest may grumble , but tou may rest assured that the proprietors of the soil will not siarre , because they"have political power .
The manufacturing iuterest would not suiter any jaorc damage , from any violent change , than the jnere lessening of a portion of tbeir present enormous r . roSfs . It bad times were to come upon them now , flicy couldM-ither retire with ' immense wealth , or those who-continued in business would make uy their proSts hy reductions in yonr wages . They could co tins , because they arc represented ; and you could not resist it , because you arc not represented . Thus , I show ' you tlat the nest change , if not prepared to meetit , wiHifce . the mast disastrous to . the working classes . ' I WjRot so ! foolish as to close Jav
tyaagainstwhatever } lnnn-inusisee pisuay . Irknoxr and you Icdott , thntaiiirplas revenue , and new markets being opened "for British manufactures , 'lias led to fcrisk ' trade , and more eonersJ , if not more lucrative , emploTmeiit . And I also know that popu 3 ar agitation is always kipt alive fay the great mas > of the dissatisfied , and especially by &c unemployed . Atpresenti the people arc pretty generally employe , aad jet Sir ' James Graham has told us that one it every ten of the working classes is a parish pauper . >" ow this assertion of itself is sufficient to arouse yoito further exertion , for no man knows when liis oni . Jar will come .
It js onite true that I havebcon lnu « hed ail > y man ? professing Chartists for the tenacity with whuU 1 jiate stack to "the several questkias that I thoug h * sfcoate be perfectly understood by iiie working classes , fflica I first" propounded the kind as the only wssorce , not one man in ten thousand knew its value , Trifle there was found a very large number who taxed iny advocacy of tliC Laud as a remedy to very nnjnsrinahlc purpose ? . They told you that I used it for the mere purpose of throwing the Charter over toanl ; hut you have now lived long enough to see
every one , aye , every single one of inj runlets thwrong the C'barter overboard for some flimsy crotchet TTiileli would par them better , aud what is still more cmous , those very men who have all hut picked each t-iha- to tlie bone , could discover no other common groan-is of agreement—no other terms upon which tiey would shake hands and be friends , save and excqitdicde-TractionofFcargus O'Connor . Xo » -isn't xiat odd—that men who hare been fighting , scratchvaz , aud tearing each other to pieces for years , should fo ! £ c-i their crery cause of Qiiawel , and unite for the ccstruction of oue humble individual ?
Well , I have lived and you have lived to see them 5 n their proper colours , and you have lived to see my jiotioiis of ijic Land adopted by ninety-nine in every hmidred of aU classes . I ask you to read the letter of a Tenant Farmer to Lord Radnor , published in tilt Air of this week , aud to compare it , as far as it goes , with what 1 have written upon the subject ; and 1 farther ask yon to bear the fact in mind , that 11 " Trades' delegates , assembled in London , liavofldontcd the Laud question as one of paramount importance . Js it not something , then , to have been the propounds of a completely new principle ?—because I assert tlin
DO othtr individual , living or dead , ever did preseui the question of the Land to the working classes ii such a form a $ to lead them to the belief that the could make H subservieut to the regulation of wage * All that you have read and heard about the Land iiar been wholesale , metaphysical moonshiue , scieutifu nonsense , andjerotehetyLiuubag : I have placed \\ before you in a shape worthy of yonr adoption , ani all that you require is a well-digested plan , shewing firstly , the mode by whiell TOU can posaisa « sufficiency to test Its value ; and , secondly , a practica j < lan for making it available for general purposes .
Aowsuch plan must have the concurrence ohhi T » t « rkin ^ classes , and their co-operation will bcneede < for carrying it out . You know the slander that ] lave been < iulgectcd to by briefless barristers , scrib iiTius : luKrliiiffis , aud spoutinc fools , for lutvins asket ' Tea to tuni the land to national purposes ; ami akliouuh noib j iiig they can say or write can distarl ray conviction or lead me from my purpose , yet I an impressed with the belief that a representation of tilt Ciariist bo : ly , ' fairly chosen and properly Instructed uinra the subjkt , is the fitting tribuuaTto " whiell t < * « V . uit it : aiid witktbls Titw I announce to von tliat
n * anik $ s of what meii say , I sJiall bs iireparcd witL a w ^ UJgtsttd plan iipon the iinestion of the Land to suknit to the forthcominj Convention , when I sha * ] liarctbc advanfctse of hearing calmly what all men iiH to urge upon tlj * subject . in my opinion the Land question , the Electoral < iw > tion , and , the mode of advancing . Chartism b » misnstff K-turcrs aud tracts , will be theaUiniportan } * al 3 « rt * fttr your consideration at the forthcoming C-ourcMiwi . I feelassiired that if Peel gets a msyont at the next « oim » m 1 election , that Russell and the kafag Wh ] gS will join him upon the question of Free inule ; : aii I have told you ten thousand timesand
, J now repeat it , that if yOtt liave Tree Tia , le without Uio rvswfm a il , kud , you will have a bloody Kvdntiim inSii ^ ama . It cannot be otherwise . It f "' U- ^ iWe to avirt . it . Aud in order to bring the laid question and the Charter question vi-orously Wlm UireiHiBtrr , it musteosne through the House « t lommom , ^ ud thadm it is absvlutcly necessarv , > ny , ludbj . oital . Je , that we thould now l « stir our-^ elves u , sfrm « tlicii tte hands of Jtfr . JJoneomlH ; at ^ t ^ tgencfalclecjion . Upon this point the Exccu" ^ ' llbe l « JD U 0 gutjinit a \ vcn-digtstcd lan
, p | Z | « "mtrj , am ! to it we must turn our attention , : j ! 1 'fcct * f the Trades lia \ i « g taken up the question | w IaikI , iscf itc ^ f agrcat triumph , because , nitli-| <« K sacrifice , and with very little exertion , they can £ " ? « it the plan . Indeed , if you had been told in 18 iO , piai I was writing ta the Irki landlords and to you | H J « t' ft ? ^ ufijeet , that ft would have made such propssW this lime , you would not have believed it ; !> ut now that you find the whole country , and allclasses Jn t"e < wiu , ti £ prepared for itsTecei . tion , it behoves jouaua me t ^ . takeadoatageof thegrowinrrJkskioH .
ou um ^ t not ^ a moBient of thouclit to the allotii « nt ^ t ciu « , rf , , , uvitgaJ ^ oTO ^ further Han as u , eans of n ^ jlig ^^ oti imvise vc ] i ^ ^""^ ' ^ ywuploycd more comfortable and more in'Went of markets . Ithiiiktliat if tlie Lani was Ptnetl as a g ^ erai &ld for ^ onIp ] ovIncnt ofsnrpl , w iaii « b , «« t then every man vorldiigat Ms trade wduld ^ Z . ^^^^ tiouifhe hadseuwUaUoTnient T ^ - quarto af « , atTC of gi « und , winch , under 7 f " nHni « tence 3 , would beaiupl ^ -whereai ; if the ! Z ! Sy ' " ** "lc a substitute for theRmall •™ J « te o , it would foil jo couCcr any great benefit 1 " C V « W trasses , as their employers would -m « arc that the tenure would be of no lonser
i »< w ! Tr t ! ' ° lie knn of lhcir emplovment , «« , I fear ; flat the allotment srgtem would have mere tendency of reconciling the working classes Jj ?** ™® skve" . . "l « fe I fid assured that the 1 ^ 7 * ^ ystan wonld make those located upon 1 and , as well as tlose relieved from surplus la-¦* , vjoll y and entirely iudependent of flieir em-J - \ "s- Anda 1 oSeai . cflieTery reasons why every " ¦ m * obstroi ^ on will Le theowu in the way of its 2 J 2 * " *?* " - flor € J € iJ isa ton 501 * 15011 t 0 *«» t tout' own « m « n « uri iletcrmination , Inde-?™ % <« f | nj easfioglw ; or ^ tSiepowerof <» - * ih « ts , cau effect your purpose ; and , therefore , tit ^ -pcrforraanoe-oF your duty in this wuspcet must ptail u pon you the appellation of ' willing slaves . "
-Always bear in miud , my friends , isiat I merely j * to apply my prineii . le io the estoit of rclievim kpsbour mavktt of its surplus hauds ; that I neither are cor ' jxivettn see you all aaallfarmers ; but
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what I aim at is , to establish the standard of wages in the artificial mathek hj- the value of free labour in the natural marktt . I only ask to destroy that shocking system of competition which n . akes working men look upon their neighbours and friends as deadly enemies , while it enables . their employers to purchase their labour at any price that they please to offer for it . Now you cannot misunderstand me , because I write very plainly to you . What I require the land for is , a refuge for the fifty of the one thousand unemployed in any trade , rather than allow their indigence to compel the remaining 950 to work foranv wages . that " -the employer ¦ thinks proper to
offer . This is Mr . Chambers admission ; and it is the fact that the fifty of the one thousand unemployed regulate the wages of the 050 at work ; and all the power of strikes , combinations , restriction , and organisation never can beat down that competitive power until you locate your surplus iipon the land . As to emigration , itiis sickening , iheavtiiess depravity . 'It ' is-. t hc ^ e ^ esrace / of / ToU ^ iu ^^' worst , description MIcjm ^ reason ; because itJvoni ^ ' ^ -iri ^ uire-oBiS-half ^ tfib amount to locate * family' upon ^ thcl land ; atTioriie
that it would ' require to transport them from their country . Moreover / we lose the-application of the funds from their most profitable purpose ; . while we also lose the value of every example that every experiment would be sure to furnish . In conclusion , then , I invite you to confer with your delegates ' upon the questions of the Land , the'increasing our number of I ' ariixKientary representatives , and the correction of . iny faults thai you see in our present system of agitation and organisation ; and hoping that I have made inyst-lf perfectly understood , 1 remain , yow'f&itltful frieiul and savant , Peabcus O'Connor .
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Fiiist Fruits of the National Trades' Cosfeuexce . —A great meeting of the Hoot and Shoemakers of London rras held in the hall of the 1 'arthcniuni Club , 72 , St . Msrtin ' s-kne , on Sunday evening , March 30 th , to consider the propriety of uniting the Mutual Assistance Association and the Philanthropic Society of Boot and Shoemakers , and through that means , of drawing into one union the whole lioot and Shoe trade of the united kingdom . Mr . Ilavris was voted to the chair , aud calle < J on Mr . P . Hanky to a open the business of the evening . Mr , Hftulcy said tills luefitini ; owed its orJfjJn to a desire to unite the Boot and Shoemakers of the united kingdom , and lie should , before he sat down , propose a resolution , which he honed would have the desired effect . No
nuiu was more fully convinced than he was , that no permanent good could be effected without a thorough Union . They were perhaps the most numerous o '' auy craft . In England and Wales 177 , 144 males : females , 10 , 799 . Jn Scotland , 25 , 945 males ; females , Sfr 2 ; boys , 1 , 105 . In Ireland , Brogue * - makcrs , male ? , 5 , 267 ; females , '• • »'; boys , 116 . Shocmakttiv 45 , 856 ; females , 3 , 436 ; boys /' . 1 , 105 , and yet there was uo craft raorc depressed throuj-1 , the \ mut of union . In Northampton tlie truck system prevailed to a great extent . He knew a Closer who worked for fire shops in that town , and of onh one out of the five COUld lie obtain his wages In money . The man was compelled to take his wajres out in bread , red herrings , bacon , or something of that sort , at whatever price his employer chose to charge . iSltanie , shame . ) The price paid fur work in that town n-as ;« ost Kcandalouslv low ; in fact , Buch that
no man could eke out a decent existence . ( Hear , hear . ) In Northampton goods were made , and stamped with the Paris stamp , and sold as French 20 Dns . If a union were effected , such oppressions and impo . sition . s as these would bc-put an end to ; and he was sure the trouble and expense of calling this meeting would be more than . 'imply repaid . As mere local iwdies , he did not think they could improve their condition . ( Hear , hear . ) To be of-general benefit , their organisation must be a national oue . ( Cheers . ) lie would submit tlur followinir resolution-: r-f > That we , the nieu ' s and women ' s Uoot aud . Shoemakers of London , in public meeting assembled , cannot but deplore the degraded and destitute condition of our trade in general ; and . that " we . arc of opinion titattk = iritv * t ' roici tkc want of a wise and good uiuierstaiiding between man and man , and braricli and branch , as also of a better and mutual ' organisation . "
Mr . Christopher , a veteran Li UlOlllst of thivty-onc years' standing , would second the resolution , bul tluiUght before any pcrmament geoil was aecomiiiislied they must look beyond mere Trades Societies for a ranedy . He thought no effectual cmedy would be found until they had a thorough control over the Legislature . ( Loud clicevs . ) My . J . . Skelton said , never in his life did he experience more pleasure in addressing a mectins than ou the present occasion . This was decidedly a step in the right direction . ( Hear ; hear . ) They had mc-t ' toliight to see if a plan could be adopted ' by " wliich their united energies could be coiieentnitcd , and their efforts rendered successful . Under presehl circutu-stsinces every wan was . fighting for himself , not carimr who sunk so that Jic swam . However
well old socSvrics had "worked i » times gone by , they did not work well now . Mr . Skclton quoted BaincV History of the Cotton Trade , to shew the great progress inadciu machineiy within tlie last half century , and contendt-d , that as machinery supplied the place of manual labour in other trades , so did the liHinbci of hands in their trade increase . An immense amount « f uwwey had beeA speiit in ? trikp , nnd he regretted to tay withont corresponding advantages ( Hear . ) There were jiot so many of the women's body in union &S he should like to see , and the great object was to get . them into union , so that they might cooperate for the advantage of all . ( Loud cheers . ) Bouts were not unfrequently got up in ^ Northampton .-it a very low figure , aud sold to the wholesale dealer
at from 13 s , to 13 s . per pair , aud then sold to the retail customer at 30 s . Mr . Skclton then entered into aa elaborate dissertation ou strikes , shewing their fallacious tendency generally , and that they i-ould not be relied on as a remedy . Gould no means be devised to protect their iutercsts ? He thought those who looked to the measures adopted by the National Trades' Conference would answer this question in Uie affirmative . . ( Hear , . hear . j That Conference recommended that the Trades should first unite auiongst themselves . ( Cheers . ) They would not countenance strikes , but they said there " was a means by which the workers eould redeem themselves , if they would but properly apply theit funds . If the monev that had been spent in strikes had been spent
iiithe purchase of land : on . which to employ then * surplus labour , he contended that they would not be in their present miserable coudition . ( Loud . cheei's-0 Well then , let them first unite amongst themselves , and then lay out their . funds , not lor the advantage of the capitalists , but for their own , and . success would be certain . ( Great cheering . ) Sir . Isaac AV'ilson said he had had great experience in trade societies , and could not agree-that they had done no good . He fancied that the moneyipentiu strikes was a proof that they were not selfish ,, but that they had made great sacrifices for . the general good : and the trade were in possession of advantages they would not have beeu had it not teen lor those strikes . In fact , strikes had been their
protection . He objected to some few things that had been slid , but was delighted with their general tendency . lie should be delighted to nee his trade rise from their present degraded position—let them , then , go to work in earnest , aud pull together for the emancipation of all . ( Cheers . )—Mi : James said that they had been working long enough for othm and he thought it hj ^ li time they tuft means to work for themselves . ( Cheers . )—Ti ; c Chairman put the resolution , which was carried unanimously . —Mr . llortou , delegate from Jfortbampton , moved the second resolution" That the present position of the trade is such , that it becomes the imperative duty of its members to
form themselves into one body for their better protection , and as the only means to place oursdvos m that fair and honorable standing which we , as working men , desire and ought ta lam . lie said , that unless they adopted something like the resolution he had just moved , Northampton would drive all the trade out of the market . Lasts , ready filled up , were now sent down there from London , Liverpool , Oxford , Leeds , Manchester , aud otfier large towns ; and when men were on strike , this , not unfrequently , defeaad their object . But it was surplus la- oar lhat was their great evil . As an illustration of that fact he would state that he was
in a 'Tinder ' s shop about-a fortuigutT since , -when , a girl brought in * pair , oi shoes ; he took thciu up . looked at them , and asked -wbatnrighkbe > t ! te"prre paid for making them ? The woman of the shop said Is . ; he remarked , that was a very low figure . Yes , said the woiuau , but we do not want them , we only give o : t the work out of charity , there are * p nany beg »! ng and praying for work . ( Hear , hear . ) Was not this an undeniable proof tliat surplus Isioluv was tiie great evil , and Unit au outlet should bi-
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found for tte surplus hand . ( Cheers . ) Mr . James Walkei " , delf gate from Norwich , seconded the motion . lie . thought the Hoot and Shoemakers' had commenccd in -the right way , by setting their owii house in order . Of tins ho was eerldm , that the present local societies could not effect their object . In Norwich they had to contend with drapers ? shops , hawkers , tt-c . Norwich was always known , as the sink-hole of England , but to her honour be it said she was desirous of raising hereelf in the social scale , and he believed this could only be eftected by a General . Union . He did'tervcntly hope that working irira would forthwith take- their atiiurs into their ottri hands . CGheorsw ) -- ' Mr . M'Carthy , iii supporting the motion , siiid , he believed strikes , as far as they went ;
had proved beneficial , but at the same time it must \ k admitted the surplus hands were the great evil . Mr . 'Wilsbn suggested that when the resolution '' 'was rarricd that a copy of it should be forwarded to each section of the trade , in order that tlie general fueling should be ascertained . The resolution was then put , and carried unanimously . ' A vote of thanks ' was then ; passed ; by acclamation to-the Chairman , and this important meeting-separated / . "•; - '; . ^ 1 ¦ ¦ f 0 iMsoAil GoxireaExcE ^^ Boor ; " ^ r ^ g ^ asasi ^ ] DteIe { j $ wS 4 fiwV '' all , . pa ^^ seating i ^ l jistratijs : tiietjxi ; tUeMv ^ e-m ^ i 6 ^ 0 io % iB aridQueenjvlClevjdana-stTcet ^ Marylehorie , Jb ^^ Tuest day inoriiinglasi ^ iprn 1 st . , At ten o ' clock Mr . Ai . Hunnlbc 51 was fleeted ' president , - ' and "' Mr . - ' Sniythles secretory . The business transacted to-day ( Tuesday ) was of a preliminary character ' . The -following is a list of the delegates , and the places theyrepresenfc ;—liirmingham , MeBsre . J . M'Gee ; . Bristol , and Batii . -
llydeandiPagc ; Brighton , Scott ; Chatham , La vail ; Chcltciihain , Friekcr ; Carlisle , Harrisou . ; Cork , llostbvd ; -Leeds , Sniyth ; Leicester , Gdodc ; London "West » cnd 1 men's ino « , llanler ; Lor . ctoli Wx'st-eid women's men , Load ; City r . ien ' s men , Pittiim ; City , women ' s men , Grcenslade ; , . London stroug men's inch , Johnson ; Borough ' strong men's men , Prattcr ; Loudou Ei « t > ead , Chavlts ; yiancliestcr , ¦ \ Vhitehead ; Nottingham , Watson ; Northampton , Kerns ; Newcastle-on-Tyne , Starfice ; Norwich , Walker ; Oxford and Windsor , J . Williams and Fardoe ; Preston , McLean ; Dcvonport , Grpse ; Stafford , Swann ; Sheffield , Stcclc ; Southampton , Malcolm . The following , forming the Executive ; Committee of the Cordwaincrs' Mutual Assistance Association , \ vM scats , and the ri . uhtto speak , but without " tliC YOtc Mcssre . Hunnilielland Duneombe , Wcst-cnd women ' s men ; Shell , Borough women's men , ; . . Morrison and D ; . dJo , Gity women ' s men ; , and Air . Smythies as general secretary .
Skco . nd Day , Wednesday ,. April 2 nd . —Mr . Hyde was called to tiie chair . On the motion of Messrs . . Smith and flaulcy , the public , as lav as convenience would permit , were allowed to be present to hear th « deliberation « f CottteveuCG . Oiv tl . c moUon of Messrs . Smith and Lavall , a resolution was passed justifying the Executive tor admitting the men cmp ' oyeil in the finns of Jlessi-s . Box and Hook , the f uUts committed by the men ot'the above firms bein " previous to the existence of the Cordwainers' Mutual Assistance Association . Afternoon Siuiuff . —Mr . Hyde resumed the chair at two o ' clock . The nicmbevs proceeded to give in their reports , which were very voluminous , but most of the-statements have appeared in the columns _ of \\\ & Nvrthern Star : "Mr . Malcolm ' said , tlie' masters
in the Southampton district were not satisfied with thciv profits as Boot and Shoemakers , but they had also commenced selling tlie materials" used in the manufacture of boots and shoes , whicli formed quite : i ue \ v feature in their tradCi Mr . Hyde , of Bristol , iu sliewing the gi-oss oppression practised on the workers , sjiiil : A master ' s wife went out for a walk and lost froin her muii £ 7 10 s ., and tliat master immediately reduced his men ' s wages to make good the loss . ( Sliiimc , shame . ) Mr . Scott , of Brighton , said , at the last Conference it was suggested that the trade should hold their meetings , " if possible , in places other than pubiic-houses . Brighton ' ¦ ¦ had ! i < loii < ed tins suggestion ; they now-met in a school-room , aud felt the importance of the alteration .
Mr . Fricker road the following important sviggcstions for the consideration of Conference : — " We , the ' deje ^ gates of the O ' ueltenTiain . du ^ kit , having . deliberated upon the general 'laws of the Association , beg to recommend a few alterations tlfercin . for your consideration . We have examined into society at lavge , swuhvc fintl similar evils- to those complained of ; byAisIpcijya'ding all tiades and professions'of ^; labpur /* audthc ^; cyil »( niustcontmueluntilEfficient nVeaiis are . adopf (! ii . ft 9 remove the cause , ' ' naiheljT , the oveMow "df ldwuif iu , the labaurjnark-ei : . Compet ition , It js ; cvid ^ ut , ' is working ruin and destruction' to' the wliblfe ' - ' cbninninity . - There has l > ceu sufficient time , labour , and funds wasted to convince' any reasonable ' man . that aU our eftVis on previous occasions have been entirely fruitless , and the like efforts mu&t
produce the same results so long as we exhaust our strength in > useless strikes . It is woisethan nonsense for us to battle with the monster competition by such puny aud . inefficient means ; neither is it just that one portion of the Association .-should support another portion , who may be out on strike , in idleness . It may be asked what you will do with the redundancy Of labour ?—and we know some members of our society would say ' shift it by tramping ; ' but we li'iuy , shifting it is now useless . It may have been effective in times past , but it is . not . so now . Again , some . members in oiir district say ,-let labour depots be established to c . ni [ iloy the men on strike ; but we contend thatbyso doing we should be only giving an additional stimulus to competition , and thereby increase the evil complained of . It may be said the ilatters of Deiifon have achieved a benefit from labour
depots : WC Cblittntl the- projected sy . -item js only pitting evil against evil , and must tend to inemwe the competitive strife . Sliopmatcs , —We say institufe arrangements to keep the surplus labour . out of the market . It will be asked , how is this to lie done ? We say , abolish the strikiti !; system , as far as possible ; Jet a consolidated fund be raised to procure Laud , and when procured , put cur surplus , hands on it to cultivate it . If this plan were adopted , we are convinced that there would be plenty volunteer to go on the Land , rather than drag on such a miserable existence as they are compelled to do under present circumstances . Then let « s make-our members - self-supporting , that we may effectually combat with com petition . Experience convinces us that we are helpless so lonjr as we have not an inch of ground to stand upon as our own . This district , therefore , appeals to your good judgment to devise a plan that shall carry out the above suggestion . We
recommend the Associatio * to organise and instruct , and not waste the hard earnings of tlie Jneriibersin things tliat tend to no benefit , but only cause jealously and'dissatisfaction .. We admit , that in some , sections . the society may be the means of keeping up . vages , but these sections are very few ; and experience convinces us that it is impossible toobtain subscriptions in - support of the Association from our milch oppressed shopmates , unless some hope is held , oilt of general and permanent benefit We do , theieiore , hope that tlie Conference will see the necessity ' of adopting some plan for securing Land on whicli to p lace our surplus hands . " Mr . f ricke ' r said ho was Wn > d to Btatc that a minority of the delegates oi the district he represented were in favour of " Labour stoics , " some of "them ' thinking that they might be made available , to raise : the ' , fitNds ; fqr .. pfocuririg the Land . -The I reauingyof Mr . Tricker ' s instvuetions appeared'to give the greatest ( satisfaction to the Conference . " The Conference . then adjourned for the iky . ' ' , . - -.. ¦• • ¦¦•¦ ¦ ¦ l-: "
Third Dat ' s Sittixc , Thursdat , April 3 . — Mr . Hyde resumed the chair . The delegates proceeded with their reports . Mr . Fittam , City men ' s men , said , such was the de / irth of employment in the City of London , in their trade , th&t their wages did not average more than 11 s .- Cil . weekly . \ Tlie City men's men were disposed to amalgamate with the Cordwainers' MutuaJ'Afisigtance AtaoeiatioL In tact , he waeecut here to effect thut desirable ? object i ! poftfible . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Johnson , strong shoe men of London , said , the body he represented were quite willing to co-operatei with the Mutual Association , thi-if only desire being that such union should De based on a secure foundation . ( Hear , hear . ) Afternoon Sitting . —Mr . Hyde resumed the chaiv .
— Mr . Kerns ( Northampton ) « ud that in their district the roasters were , in some cases magistrates , and in the event of disputes between - the employer and the employed , and on appeal beinV made , by vaj-of arbitration , the Conference would perceive how small was the chance of the emploved obtaimngjustice . ( Hear , hear . ) The wages paid in Northampton were from 8 d . " to 28 . 3 d . per pair . A case respecting ihe Oxford district secretavy was next submitted to the Conference , ' which the Conference referred to the district for adjudication . —Mr . Pa e , Bath , moved that the accounts be audited previous to the diaciMisioaf the Bradford
u and Newark fcti-ikes and- of-the- accounts -of tlie Lout periodical ; which ^ Bafl « ecfinded % * Mr . Crfl 8 e , Wd carried . The following defegates were appointed the auditors : — Messrs . M'Gee , Starkce » Malcolm , and Scott . Mr . . Wlwtenead , Manchester , moved that the wholeJioftse constitnte a committee to examine oluds , and apportion expenBes to the several distrietfd Mr . Smyth , Bradford , seconded the motion . Any amcmmicnt was moved , that an account of the cards behnwM in by each delegate , a :: d that the cards be destroyed . After considcraWe discussion , tin amendment was agicea to , and the CWercnce suo . ' . vued
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DiSTUnnt-ft . State of the . Col'xty Roscommo . v . — We regrefct ^ ffiml , by stcco \ vnts from -this county , that it-is in a very disturbed . state .. ' -The pica for crime isj that tlic peasantry lire uuaUle '' to obtain laud ' for ' conacre , owingto the greater portion of the . cotiuty beaig laid out in grazing farms . The' Ito ^ cmnmoh Joimudy a Repeal' print , says ' : —'' Tliifcoiui ' ty ' hi ^ never--Iteeu , hi' so- 'dist ' lirWd a &ate , ^ wiii s . ' ^ ufmS jkunale ^^^ ae ^ tbheanes ^ of ^^ e ^ th ' ei ^ anxietj- to raise fbou' for the sj \' jjpqrt . of ^ hcn& sjely r es ' , aiid . " their' starving -thin'ilics . '' Evefy ipwn aii'd almost ' « vfiiyvrilliigc ' in " tliC cdilrfiSy ^ w ' n ' p '\ y ' s' 1 (> jjiliiu ^ stivlioa ,: and . irertmlerstilntl ; tKSt ')\^ . avi 5 ' ' to' \ haye ' au additi ' on to our police force of brie'lni ' ndrej and . fifty men " , " with another stipendiary magistrate- — ¦ th e expenses of which tlie misguided lmvu to pliioo to tlieuown coiuiuct . Would to God that something may be done to put an end to the deplorable state which this '
part of the country is at present in , and tliat weinay shortly sec peace , " ovdev , nn <\ tranquillity again restored . " The Jjoratifonl Journal of Saturday ' gives an account of the fatal affray between a party of police and the peasantry : — " On Wednesday last an unfortunate occurrence took pWe at llnninnlnd , neur Strokcstown , iu which one man lost his life . A party of six policemen were out ou patrol ' atmid-day , anil came on a party of upwards of 300 men in tho ' iict of tiwiuttgttp a-large grass field . They onicveu tliem touesist , but they would not . The police then made prisoners of some of the fellows , on whicli one of tliem wade a . 'blow at one of the police with his Iny , and ibrtuttaAfcly shuck only his carabine , awd another of the police , set-ing Jn s comrade in siich danger , ilischarged - his piece and shot the fellow dead , and wounded two others . " - The police and military in that district are dreadfully harassed patrolling t » t . \> night and day , - and arc still unable to prevent the poasanty . turning tip whole fields of grass land , the v declaring that thev must luive conacre . '
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-NOIIFOLK CIRCUIT . Bun \ - St . Edmund ' s , March 2 !) , —Arso . y . —Robert Drew was indicted for setting fire to a barn and ' other buiUlings , the pvopovty of Richard Gapp . —The prosecutor is a farmer residing at Walsham-lo-Willoirs . The prisoner is a labourer living in the same village . Frotu the statement of the prosecutor and others it appeared that the-lire in question broke out abf * nt one o ' clock in tiie uight of the 1 st of July ,- ami consumed tlie whole of tlic tarm buildings . Two or three days after the ( ire some matches -were . discovered . under some haulm new the bnUock ' shcd .. It appoa ' ved hi evidence that the prisoner was seen on
the night of the lire , a bout ten o ' clock , standing upon ; i bridge across n brook which separated prosecutor ' s premises from the rond . A person named Ilatton : a' near neighbour- of the prosecutor ' s ,-was-awakencd by 'th 6 ' g-la ' re : of"the ' fire ; licimmediately got up . and looked o ' ufc of the windoff , and saw . the prisoiier standing . on . tlift bridge , ncaivtlie prosecutor ' s premises . According to the evidence of two otuei- wituesses the prisoner was seen , running ; in a direction . from his ewii'liouse ' . "' ' . Tooiie ' of the witnesses , grisbhei stated that he had been trcatedbya pblieqman , timihe ivas wholly deceived in the man , and that it was owing to lVovitlence "tHat he h ;« r not told "him . oue . u'oi'd To another person' / when iiVa state of partial " intoxication , hestiUed'tliat'Mr , Gfapp ' was . a , . jsebundrcl , -and-thai hemight . 'eniploy ' ^ five or sixiKorcs men ihan licTilid , ' . "but ^ he had-s ' unered [ tor it , as '' -he had had two fli-es . Tlic witness up ' oh this asWeiV tfie prijoricr i ( an y one wife ; suspee-ted . The Drisonei- said . "Yes .
they suspect me , " and then added , "I set . fire to . the bullock-shed iii three- dift ' eront places ; when I firet saw it , it was oiily like a little round ball it then blazed up ; 1 was tVi » htenc « aiul ran away . " ShbVtlv .-irtei-tliis statement the prisoner was appreliehded " ; and was conlined iu custody at Bury . A person oi thekame of O'Urien . who it appeared was a candidate , tor a place in the police , was left with'the prisoncr' for « short time . The prisoner , addressing O'Brien , said , " Wlwt iwe you in for ?' . ? He replied ; " For . a robbery V , ( which was untrue ) . : He then asked the prisoner what he-was in for . He told him " For a hr « . " . To which O'Brien said , "Howdid j-oiimake it ? " "The . prisoner replied , "Bysettinj ; lire to some haulm next to the shed . " . The prisoner whs not api'ivhemlcU until after a second fire-at . the nrosccutor ' s on tlie 3 rd of January , for occasioning which tire he also stands indicted . —The jury returned a verdict of Guilty . —The prisoner ¦ was ' sentenced to ho'transporte'd for life . "
Bubt Sr . -EtmusD . « , March SI . —Ailbged MunjiBB . —William Tettcnham , aged 32 , was arraigned on an indictment which charged him ' with the wilful mui'iler oi 'Mary . "Anne , ' his wife , ou tlu-15 th of rebruarrlasti' by shootin g Iicv thvou « -h tinhead with . a pistol at Wantisden , in this county From the evidence of a man named Mace . " hie wife andi two or - three , other , witnesses 'it appeared thai the prisoner had been married ' seine few years , and that with one exception he had been on ebou terms
with Ins wiic , wno na d bonic him fouv cfildreh , the fourth having been born ajjoilt three weeks before her death . AtioHt t . wo ycare sx&o Wieve was some dkpute between them tor ahc suddenl y absented Herself from big house , w luc i was . in ;* Wm What lonusomc \ t <*\\ t yi andlett their ehddren a ^^ Aft ( muchseai 4 she was ultimately foimd , and pevsu . Mkd to return to her home , where s / ic Jived in perfect harmony thencefort h , with tlic prisoner . 0 a the ni"M ot SaturJay , tiie 15 th of February iafi ( , jicwswV . 'V •« Oyster ' public-house at Kuticy sv / i . . ( . _ , . . . . & . * 1 % m
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i ¦ ^ ^ Ing to excess , Levleft with Mace at ten o'clock . On nrriving ;| b'his house his wiffei ' was nearly in feed , but r h $ i ] lffifoiiKeu *' upy she "' receiy Sl' lijm « iikl his irie ' nd , tj ^ ioTiyed about half a i « ile off , very cordially . The ' prisoner then . expressed a wish to have some beer , winch she tlissuaded him from doing ; but , seeing that he attempted to ge down into tlie-cdJai' himselij she bajlcchim to sit . down , and . went for some beer , saying :, "iftlic went lie would tumble down stairs and break hisiiia ^ r . fv Soon , after this . she retired to herbed-. t 9 Hn ^ fthil ; . then . ^ Iacc l eft the prisoner , who said he . waygoing , to boil ,- ' . As Mace , went out , however , the ' prisoner . ealled after hmi . to .- " conie-, bnck and help JEuit ^' toJkill' his hog . " To . which Mace replied , / ' ^ jMnVyour hoa . wasJdUed hnesiso" . The prisoner
again mide the same requc . st . to Mace , just as he got out of hearing ; but . nothing was seen or heard of him till about one o ' clock , when he Cciino to Mace ' s house in' great agitatiohVaniVvowsbg them up Vcggcd of theiivto " come down quick , for he had shot his poorj !( lcar Mary ¦'• 'AJn ; ne . " * Mace on tWs got xtp : as iqutcK ly ' as hecouW / . and while dressing Jiiinself could : l « 6 af '\ the ! : wre ; te ^ ' * rift 55 B * : ] jj ^ nW # fle ' rwaI [ cca } h | r ^ a ^ n ^ wh » 6 ! WutI ^ Fdo' ?^ ^ n ^ n'MaeFwns [ ipiie sa ' ift tt » liiin , "Why / Tettenliam ,- you "don't ciheah'to' ^ vy you havefreallyshot yotir' poor wife ?" jT ^ -which jhe replied , ' "A ' s'tnio as- God , 1 have ' shot her : I have . blown her head off . " As they walked
hastily to ; Aw miserable home , Mace made a similiVr ' rehVaTrlt to ^ him , and he then said , "Oh , don't "Inn * mo ; ii was all accident ; " and io Mi's . Mace at another time he said , " It was done by a . pistol , which went off accidentally . " On arriving at the lodge , the party found the poor Lwonumlying on her back on the lloo ^ -not far from a chest of drawers , inwhich tlio prisoner used to keep his pistols , her -. i ' orchcau ana right-cheek'being . ill biown-pfl ^ while the walls on two sides of the room behind her were spattered with blood and brains , and the ceiling bore the mark of a shot . When the am--scon ivas sent for . it appeared that tlie discharge must have taken place , in his opinion , close to the left temple of the . poor woman , for there was there a hole about two inches large , while the skin near it was jagged and blackened with powder . Assistance was obtained as soon as . possible , botu by Macc . and the prisoner ; who , when , asked . to give an nccouunt oi '
the-dreauful . event , Sinn , that " he was thuiking of going out again , as was . his duty at times , and . that his wife dissuaded him ; that he ivenfc to the . drawer to get his pistol ^ , which were loaded , and while he was doing so his wife came up to him with a candle and . put her arm on las shoulder-. The baby then began to cry , and she called oiit to it 'HhsIi , I ' m a coming , ' and just then , whether , she touched the p istol or he pulled the trigger he could not tell , but it went of , and its Contents lodged in her temple . " Such is the outline of tliis most huncncable event , Attlve close of the ease lor the prosecution , Mr . Prendergast addressed the jury in a most impressive speech , and , going through the whole of tlie evidence , contended tliat his client ought not to be found guilty of manslaughter , as his . whole conduct and demeanquY throughout the transaction plainly indicated tliat the dea ^ h of his wife was entirely attributable to accident . Guilty of manslaughter . Sentence deferred .
. 'iMAr . cn 31 . —Tin : "Rkd Bahn . " —Samual Stowe was . ;' indicted ibv setting-fire-to-a barn . commonly called the ' ' ! Red Bavn , " at Folstead , in the ocoupation of William Tabor . ¦ The barn in question is one celebrated in tiie covuitj of Suffolk as being the barn in- whicli -Maria , Martin was murdered by Oorder . ' It appeared in evidence that Oil the 2 ( iUv of December , IS' 12 , the " Rod Bum" was burned to the ground . T / ie _ prisoner lived with liis father in a cottage ad joining the barn ,. and was . seen running from the fire on the . night jn question . Tlie , case against the prisoner was made up entirely oi statements jjrovpd toh . 'trok ' oh made to difterent persons by the prisoner when in g . aol for poaching . The -jury , however , declined to give any credit to the testimony of the witnesses called to prove the statements , and the prisoner , was Acquitted .. The same prisoner was subsequently indicted tor Heading a threatening letter tp . ii farmer at Polstcad , and found . Guilty . Sentenced to be transported for , ten years .
: , Ariiix , 4 . t—Aitso . v . —Jeremiah Head and George JJcad . werD ; indicted for liaving unlawfully and wali-^ iiilslj ' a Setll'dto a : e 6 i'tam . rdwelling-house , - in the j iar ^^ gfjpi' ( Ati&vxh ^^ jn ^ e .: occup . atLon ? o £ ! Joint ; BanKs . ^ : Tlie clia rge . eorilaj . ried : ; ih the fincUctment iwasfor . maliciously setting fire to a dwelling-house ^ onje pcisoa . bcing'jtlioi'civv j ^ wultas ' " 5 t , i « w > aot dis-. tihcjtly-proved that anyone was in theshouse at tlie . time . it . cauglit : nrc , andJtliere . beingiio-aliegationin the indictment of the . minor , offence , i his lordshi p stopped . tliC case ; but . said that . Jeremiah Head . would be put un his trial on another charge of arson , and George' Headnnvst . be :-detained-until the next assizes , when a , fresli indictment would be preferred before the grand jury ; ' :... ,-Arson—Michael Snell and John Frost were fonntl guilty of setting fire to a stack of straw , the property ofMr . . Kvcrton , of Brail field , St . George . The Iesivned . judge sentenced both , prisoners to be transported for lite .
Arsox . —Jeremiah Head and William Mnrtiiuvcrc then arraigned on the charge of setting ( ire to three sfcwfe ' of-Mr . S'Averstone , of Saxham ., The evidence against the prisoners in this case mainly depended upon statements made by them on different occasions . Jeremiah Head wa& ' fonm ) Ihuhy ; and transported for U ( ft * , vvvrti Wit prisoner Martin was Acquitted . Ansox . —Thomas' Cook , aged 17 , and James Cook , aged 11 , were indicted for setting fire to a stack of straw , the property of the late Mr . Rodwcll , of § axham . The ease was clearlv proved bv the
contessious of the prisoners to the supcrinteinlent ot police . The jury found il > c prisoners Guilty ; but recommended the younger prisoner to mercy * . Mr . Justice Vatteson said it was impossible to _ do otherwise than sentence boch to transportation . The eldest prisoner would be sent out oi ' the country , but the younger oue would , in all probability , be sent to the prison in the Isle of Wight , where ' he would ' bo taught better things , and if . he behaved well , would not be sent out of the country . . The learned judge then sentenced both prisoners to tnu ^ ortation for fifteen years . . '" ,-.. ' .
' WESTERN CIRCUIT . Bodmix , Mauch 29 . —Ciiaugk ov Child Murder . —Elizabeth Stevcus was hidictedfor tlio wilful murder of her infant chiLd ou the 24 i , h of December ! From tlie evidence , it appeared that the prisoner w < ia servant to a Mrs . Reynolds . About seven o ' clock , in tlie morning of the 2-ith of December Mrs . Reynolds , who was in her bedroom , heard some one moaning in the kitchen , i She went down stairs and found it was thc ' prisorie ^ , whow . W'l yJ ^ ing of great pain . Mrs ., Reynolds sent her to bed , and in a short time went lip to'licranlUbtiiuVlibr ' still in great painl 3 he went dowu stairs again , leaviug tho . prisoner In bed ; Mrs . 'Keyii 6 lds . \ yent ' aud fetched her . mother , and in .-iboHt half an hour returned . The pvisoncriwas then in the kitchen , dressed . "Mrs ' . ReynoldsjWerit again into the '" prisoner ' s bedroom , and from appearances in tlie bod she jolt confident the prisoner hfld given bivtUto a-child ; thci-eWas a large
ptam ot Wood agaimt t \ ie wall close to the side of the bed .,: Mrs .. Reynolds . went down stairs and charged the prisoner with having had a cliild , but she'denicd it ; at length , however , 'she admitted it ^ 'and said she had pot it lietimdtlie . lictt . Mvs . lleynolds then . ^ rocecj | ed , again toHlie Ijcdfoore , iimd'iil . ii Wxsie-four id t ' Ufdcad body of a child wappcd in a pctfeat . A surgeon was sent for , and he stiited tliat upon examining the body he * found tU&t tlwi sk \»\\ was fractnral , and there were other marks ' upon the face and head vjhiehjie thought proceeded trom violence 'In his opinion tlie child had been born alive , and its death had been occasioned by the fracture' of the skull . In cross-examination by the Judge , he admitted'that which , of course . , no one could doubt , that th . ie child might have fallen , and that if it had fallen the skull might have been fractured . The Jury acquitted'the prisoner of the murder , and found her Guilty of concealing the birth . She was sentenced to six ' months ' imprisonment . ....- ,
MII > t , AXI > CIRCUIT . Warwick , April 1 . —Brutal RobukrTi—Joseph Joyce , agod 41 , was indicted for having , at Birmingham , on the 18 th of March last , feloniously robbed . one Ann Jones , a woman about 70 years of age , of three sovereigns and fifteen ' -shillings ^ snicl immediately before and after such robbery ' beaten ; struck , and used personal violence to her . -The aged prosecutrix . ' who appeared with both her eyes greatly swollen and black , stated that about 18 months ago the prisoner represented to her that , * as she -was a widow , lie and his wife and family and slie coitld ' tlo very , well living together , and this was arranged'and carried but . The prosecutrix slept in another bed in the same room as the prisoner and his wife . ' Site
used frequently to supply him with , money , and appeared to have acted' very kindly towardshim . ; In short , lie .. seemed in- some measure to participate m what she nosscseed ; Prior to the day in question she had lent him £ 3 16 s .. to buy salt , and on that day he paid her the £ 3 15 s ., and she put it into her pocket . She appeared tohavehaditmcontemplation to buy a horse or » cartforsomepumoseof business . After the payment they each drank some beer but neither appeared to be drunk , though they did appear to have been drinking . He then demanded Iho monoy of-l \ ov agua . Wt she tomtom to wait a V . \ " « a vV ' : ¦ - .. ^ . ^ - ¦? ' y "" - . ^ - " ^ - ? " ^ - < . . ' -..- ?' -- ^ x ¦' : - " - ?¦ . ;¦• ¦• . ¦ " - •¦' . - ' ' ¦ ¦ .. ¦ - ' - * - ¦ ; % '»^ - WV SU ^' ' ¦ I . ¦ " ' " ¦»• ; ¦ ¦
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violentlv ; he knocked her down , and took a knife and cut away part ofherpctoicoafcandJicriiockcfcoonteinii . the mom ? . Charlotte I'helps , a iickUIkwu , llCflwl'tllO flJfllTO U » d went ¦ to tho house .- W » malerinJJT corroborated the poor old woman s testimony , and had examined her person and round nornuwt aU « e ! ri « 2 ly braisctl . - The jury found a . verdict or Guilty , " and the iirfeoner was sentenced to be transported for fifteen years . Warwick , Amu , 1 . ' — Bicamt . — Ji-noB Law AS 0 L . w JostiCE . —Thouua UalK-aKw ' lllomasRo' ^ »; « ponr man not pnssrssud of'a' wrthmg in the world , aged 35 , was indicted for having , on the lbtli of . April , 1830 , at the parish of IS ortii / cach , in tlie eounvv of Gloucester , taken for bis wife Mary Ann .
Nidiolls , aud aJW « -a « Js , o = i the Wilt of Fcbruai-r , 1840 , at the parish of Ilampdcn-in-Ardcn , in this county ,. married and taken to wife Maria Iladley ,. ; his former wife being then alive , contra formctin . ' - Tlicpltcnce . was dearly proved , but he stated that , within a year 6 i two of liis inniriagcwith Mary ' Aiih , she robbed him , and sallied forth with the child , and '"' , lie had never since seen cither , though he liad at the ' ¦ time obtained a special warrant'for her apprc- ' hension , ' armed with which ho proceeded ' to"the "' vegiori ; of Iicv seclusion . or retirement , where he got . sadly handled by ruffians , and was wado ' heartily , "lad to uv . iUc tl \ c best of his way home to " save . his -life , . leaving his bagrgasjein his precipitate departure . "from . 'that profligate rctvoat . The
sub-, stance of tins , or at least much of it , he elicited fvorit the witnesses for the prosecution . He was convicted ; and Mri Justice Maule , in . p&sing sentence , said , that it did aTipVaTtllat' lie liad been hardly , used . . It was hard for him to be so uscd ^ and not : be able to have another wife to live with Ium ,.. whcn the former had gone od ' . to live in an improper state with another man . But the law was the satncC <; or \ him as it Was for a rich man , and wa ^ eoually ^ open for him , throiurlrits aid , to afford relief ^ mi % > a 8 'tlic rich man jWivaW' isive . done , , hc also . should have . puvsuqd the , propeV means , pointed ioii ' t bjy-law wlierbby toobtain . - veiii'ess of . his grievances . He should have brought an" action against the man who was living'in the wavi stated with his wife , and he , coukl
have obtained damages , ' " ""! then ^ should 'have goiie to tlio lieelesiastte Court and obtained a divorce , which would have done what sewncd to have . been , done already , and fcben he should have gone to the . House of Lords , and , proving alibis case and the preliminary proceedings , have obtained a full and complete divorce , after which he might , if he liked it , have married ' again . ' The prisoner might perhaps object to this that , he had . not tbe money to pay t ! i < i ' expenses , ; which' would amount to about . £ 500 or s £ COO—perliaps-lie had not so liiany pencc ^ -bnt this . did not exempt liimfroni paying "the penalty for com '" mittingaTulony , of whicli ' lielmii -iicoiS convicted .
ihs lordship miglifc , perhaps , have visited the enma move lightly if Vnc prisoner had not misyqwescntud-,. himself as a bachelor to Maria Uadlcy , and so de- " ceived her . If bo had told her the circumstances , ¦ and said , ' Now I'll many you if you like to take tlie chance , " < t-c .: butthis he h . id not done , and tliua . he had induced her to live with him upon terms which she perhaps else tVOlild not linwulono . It wns a serious injury to lier , which he had no right U ) inflictbeeaiisc bis wife ami otlieis had injured him . ¦ For this oft ' eiicc he must receive sioirte p . uiiisi ! ineirt , .. . ¦ and the seiitcnco was , ' that lie be imprisoned and kept ' , to hard labmn for ibnr months , , which he hoped . would operate as a warning how people trifled with , matrimony .
NORTHERN' CIRCUIT . Liverpool , Mahcii 23 . —0 n / . «( rb of Ahaclvisterikci roisos . — -BDiyamin A / iderson w . ts indicted foe Attempting to administer poison to his wife ,. Sarah Anderson , and liis two children . It appeared from : the statement of . thc learned counsel in opening tlio case , that the prisoner was a millwright in . thu . employment ' of the Messrs . 1-V . ifbaira " of Canalstreet , Manchester . For some time before tlic Ctll of January , when this occurrence took place , lie bad been drinking , and when in this state he was , it . . appeared , Tory ill-tcmpcvctl and morose . On . the afternoon of the Cth of January , about three o'clock , he came home to his tea , It was not quite ready , . aiul the prisoner cxprcssiug . sqme displeasure at thU ,
an altercation ensued , until he finally turned his wife . ' and son out of the house and locked tlie door . lie " , was tlicn obsprved , through the window , d& ! i ! £ something with the sugav basis . Heat last let his .. family in again , be liinTsclf going away to the publichouse . Mre . Anderson then macta tea {' or hci'self aud ' the children . It had a very pcouliiir taste , and s ! i « throw the first cup away . A second cup was Mfiially bad . She then made some coffee , which she sweetened with sugar hot taken from tlie basin , aud it was found to have no peculiar taste . Tiie prisoner was in tlio meantime at the public-house , and wliilc tlieve- iui seemed very uneasy , and told the landlord he -ivouid hear a row presently . On his return home he was very , much intoxicated . He fell asleep , and on being : awakened by the police he said , " ¦ They're not stiff yet , but thev soon will be , " and he afterwards
observed it was a bad job it had not been done .. It appeared from thcwdeuCO of the medical men that ¦ the sugar iti the basin , eontaino . il sugar of lead , but = no . t ' -. in . sAifHeient qimrtVty to produce dca , tli--even if <« , 'takcitiValIa £ ' ojicco . MiCl ollo . cl ^ , atitlie . eiose- ; . ofth 0 ; .- - ; : ; e ' asffovtHe ' pr ^ jtlvp prisoner iiidst 6 c , acquitted . ;; The . sugar , of , lea < l ^ -, fpiindinthe sugdv ' was iii ' X 6 1 o ' . ' sipall , ii .. quantitjio . . produceCany injuiy to life , ' and ' it ' was tlicrefdre r . ot av ; . t ' "destructive thing" wlUGllJiad ^ ' bcou put ih the ' sugar within the teims of ' ' tlie statute on which ; this , indictment' was feunded . —His Lordship overruled the objection , and Mr . Pollock addressed the jury for ' tho" defence . - Tlie jury liaving heard his Lordship ' s summing- up , retired to their voom ,. and . after an absence of half au hour , returned into court with ' a verdict of Not Guilty .
Limipooi ,, Arnn , 1 , —GirAKGE of CmU ) MvnsKff . —Ann O'Doniicll was indicted ftf tlio wilful murder of . her illegitimate cliiJd , by strangling it . The particulars of this case ivcre not suitable for publication . It appeared generally , that from the appearance of ' the prisoner , the persons who reside hi the same-, house were induced to think that she had been delivered ot \ a child , The nrisbuor at first dewed that such was the case , but slie ' subsequently admitted .. that she had been so delivered ; that the child lived for ' some little time , and that she afterwards wrapped it in an apron , and pntit up tkeOYCUbuimncyV" The- ' : body was found there . There wore : a few slighjfcy-.-. marks on the body , not sufficient to account for tlie' j ' death , and which , in the opinion' of the mc ( liCiarinGU . > Ci inight have been inflicted in the process of uViIivery , ff- " The pvisoner was found Guilty of disposing oi-th ^ £ ' ? body , with intent to conceal the birth , andj- ^^^ sentenced to be imprisoned for two rears . " , ' ¦ . " ¦ " ¦ -V ^ -V : ;^ - - "
NORTH WALES CIRCUIT . . " v- r $ - ' " Chester , March 31 . —Highway Robbery . —GeoygffV ' r "Williams , aged 25 , and Charles Williams , 22 , - ^ crW placed at the bar on a charge of liigliwayTobbe ' yyy . with violence .- —It appeared from tlie evidewce ^ tfisfe ; ' .- ' . on the nigh ); of Saturday , Feb . 1 , the proseciitoiya joiner , named James Thomas , was on his wayhonte at a late hour , between JBirkcnhcad and Koeli Ferry , in tlic company of a companioni when the prisoner George Winiams met them , and in passing jostled against them . They gave way for him , and he went " on a snort distance , and then turned back , and amun
came up to them . They told him he had better go--hotne ' fluietly , on which ho gave a wliistle and ashoift , when four ov five men jumped over the hedge and ' commenced an attack upon tbe prosecutor and his ' friend . ' The latter ran on " v pursued' by some of the party ,- but effected his escape , and the township constable , being at a little distance , hearing a cry of murder , hastened to ihe spot «» nd apprehended Charles -Williams whilst in the act of beating the pro- ; secutbr ; who was then insensible from the injuries'he "'' had received . On searching- Charles Williams , the cap of the prosecutor was found iuonoof his pocket * , '' —Tlic-jnrrfound both Guilty . —Sentence deferred . s
Chkster , April 1 , —Se » tk . \ ce ox'Winterbotxom . —At the sitting of the couvt this morning , the At- . torney-Gen ' eral prayed the ' judgment of the court on *' John KenVon \ Vititcrhoftom , who , it ' will bo recol- ?' lected ; wasVtricd at the winter assizes , in December ]? $ before ill-. "B aion Gurney , on a etogo of fbrgci ^ j ¦ ' -. ^ Ji - ' * w * l ekcitedaii iinusual degi ' ei of interest , from'V rUie . iactof . the prisoner liaving filled . the office of chief . "' . magistrate of the borough of StoCltpbrt , and also " t | eV ' : responsible one of town clevk , besulcs behiR tiie leijilf adviser of many hiflueutial fomih ' es iii the ' county ,. After some delay , "thtfprisoner was placed at tlieiar . ! ^ Ho appeared very much emaciated , and whs greatly' ' agifatcd . The Judge nddvessedthepvisoner at some . "" length , and cwicJudcd by . sentohding liim io be trans * * potted tor the toi'iu ofliis natural life .- The prisoner was then removed from the . bar ,-supported by two * of :- '"* the" assistants in tlic gaol . He appeared to be deeply affected , as also did many others in court : J :
MALicrous . Shootisg . —James Berry , 23 ,, John .- ' . Hammond , 30 , Gcbvgc . Hammond , 22 , . Thomas •> Hammond , 23 , and'William Webb , 40 , were charged . Mitlunalicioiislysbo ' oBnff . at John Edeii , with . intent 1 ¦< to murder ,- to maim , disable , disfigure , or do him ,-aome-. ? grievous bodily harm ! * The case arose out of , night , poaching , with which tKe prisoners were also chavged , The jury foundn )! Giillfcy of shootingwith intent to . . do grievous bodily harm ; ami the leariied ' Judge sen- " teiieed them to fifteen years' transportation '
To Tiie Chartist Body.
TO TIIE CHARTIST BODY .
Cranes' Iftotaents.
Cranes' iftotaents .
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# Strong Shoemakers .
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' IJ . UXCOMBE TESTlMOKi ^ : —( JESttria'CbiwnW ; or ' 1 ^ ' adks , ^ tfec , . Parthenium Clvib 772 ; 'St . -Martin ' s-Line , Wednesday evening , April 2 nd . ; -. Mr . GrassbyJnj the cllilil ' .-T . Tho . followutg su \«\ s were received per Mr . ' John Ardill , j \ W « vi ^ c Office : —Messrs . % ' . B . Martin ; Bramtree . ^ s : ; J . Martin , do ., i 2 s . Cd . ; W . Payne ,-do . - , Is . ; W . Bolton , do ., Is . ; J / Bunn , do ., Gd . ; Nott , do ., 6 d . ; J . Martin , \ do ., U . ; Barrcll , ' do ., 6 d . ; J . Smith , do ., Oil . ; J : 'Humphrey , Bocldng , fid . ; N . Plail , do ., 3 d . ; Wimbolfc , do ., Cd . ; O . Fish , Witham , . Is . A letter was read from Mr . C . King , Hertford ; stathig . that ; the local , cpniiuittee of that town wo ; lild remit the sum of £ 30 S . sVld . ' . ' Tlic . coin i ; ' nilttee . then adjourned . " ¦ £ " .. "" .. ..
.---. Dkiibv rnADEs . r—A pi'c ] iininary . ---cQinm . ittce will liieet . eyeryvWednfcsday .- evening ; ' at . eight o ' clock , during this month , at Chestci- ' s ; Goifec House ; Ok niaston-road , to organise a pcrinancnt cominit' -ee . of the Trades of Derby , to collect subscriptions in aid ofthcDuucombeTostimouial . ,.,:. .. - >; - ,.. , .. ;• Bahssley Tr \ di ! S ;~ A gloviows meeting wasilieltl in the Odd fellows' ¦ Hall . ' spn ^ Tuesday ,- tlie lst ; insti , to hear thej % ortjrif Mi :, ; i * rank Sliiftbld , the Weaveii delegate ,, ; to t | iie ^ ri ^ i&' ^ obi (»^^ ,:. < ir 2 t « a ' ' a '' c : i % a £ nuiuber ' ftoiu- ;^; tYM ^ #% i ^^^ ' ^^ *^ v ^* aia i ^ afeeleplffid jttt lfe ^ elwrfirj--and . introduced . tiic : delegal # i *^[ r ^ P . ¦ Mirfi | l ( l ? sj- '; i ep o 1 fc ~ 'Hyas listciuetl 'to ° with ' gi ^ lSteijtioiii ' aii ) l % e pcbjjld raariifdstbd -their conjplefe satSff ^ tidivby \ : i # ea ted bu rsts of applausei Tlie chairman read Mr . Dupcoiiibe ' s opening address , which elicited the lieartychpers of the meeting . A committee of seven was app ' ohilcd to collect sub- * sc : iptions for the Buncombe Testimonial .
To ¦ Jourxktmex Taii . obs . —Fellow Woikmen ,- ^ -A small society of our . trade in Koclidale have beeu compelled to turn out . against their . employers , in consequence of the oppressions they > vere subject . to ti-om low wages and . petty tyranny . Being compelled to resist , they earnestly appeal to every society in the kingdom for assistance Jn this-their hour oT ncoill tueittowibevs thai me out' do not exceed twenty , ami the smallest assistance from each will enable them to withstand their oppressors to a successful termination . Subscriptions will be thankfully received bx Mr . John Kelly , Gross-keys Inn , Cloth-hall , ' Roch " - dale , Lancashire , and will be duly acknowledged : — J . W . I ' auker , Secretary to tho Tailors' Protection Society . - , ' ' ' : ' - * ¦ '
1 « b Shout-Timb System—Turtx-ouT . —On Wednesday cveuing week , ; i \) ont six ; o ' clock , / J 00 or COO spinners in the employ of Messrs . George Clarke and Co ., eottou-spinncrs , Pollard-street ; struck work ; in a body , without any previous intimation of their intention to do so . The- 'usual hour of stopping work being half-past seven , this unlooked-for movement of the men naturally caused considerable excitement , and , on Mr . Charles Clarke inquiring the reason of the stoppage , he wnstold by sonic of the men that ithey considcrou twelve horn's a day was too long to work , and : hereafter thov should not remain more
than ten . Next morning ; summonses were issued against five of them , named Thomas Seowcroft , Adam Hall , Thomas Bridge , John Sidy , and Win . ( 4 awkrodger . These men appeared at the Borough Court ' , on Wednesday , to answer the complaint of Mv , Glftrko . Mr . -Maude . , commented in severe terms on tj \ c impropriety of their conduct , and ordered thciv ¦ waces to be-forfeited ( according to the rules of the mill ) , basidespajing the expense of the summonses . They had a nan-ow . escape from imprisonment for a month ' , liie defendants then left the court , after proiiiising to pay Mr . . Clarke for the summonses . —Manchester Guardian , April . 2 .
Tub Next Gbkeijat . Dbwsoate Mektoo of Lkscashibe MiSEiis will be held on Monday next , April f th , at the hquse of Mr . lligham , near Woreeley ; chair to be taken at cleyeu o ' clock in the tbreiioon . There will also be a public moothiff , whicli ivJJ ] be addressed by W . P . Roberts . Esqr , and several of the accredited agents of the Miners' Association .
Rmtit Faxuilwim.
Rmtit faxUilwim .
To The Engineers, Millwbigilfs R Mechanics, Smiths, Ani»Li;Onrmoulwiis Of Great Britain' And Ireland. "-,
TO THE ENGINEERS , MILLWBiGIlfs MECHANICS , SMITHS , ANI » li ; oNrMOULWiiS OF GREAT BRITAIN ' AND IRELAND . " -,
A » Ai \ MtYemsemGiit lias appeared in tkeMverptdl * Mmwy , and also in H Vvestpa . paper , of last Satur- - .-. day . the 20 th inst ., stating that any Operatives of the ahovciu&med Tvatlcs ' may " have ' employment for a fixed . - t ™' . H , aPPSinS to Messrs . R . Walker and Brother , Engmeere and Foundei'B . ' of Buryi ' liirichshiiW we Jjiereb ' y caution the operatives of the above Trades , tHftt ' there' is a'Wrtfie . atUe above Sir *; ana also at J Mcssrg . WAlfe , hmith , aiiKl ' lIacWng-, njdcliinists , of ¦ the ' same place and , as the Men are contending for . privileges that every Operative Mechanic should ' be in possession of we trust that none of ouv Fvilow-worinnen win le base 6 n 6 u <^ to hirethcmse lvwundcv ^ aesraaing cu ^ mstanccs . Ry oulov of fte Executive Council of % e-Protective £ r : ' ... _ ¦ ¦< ' - ¦ :
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VOL . VIII . KO . 386 . LONDON SATURDAY , AEEIL 5 , 1845 . ^ mS ^ £ SS ! S Z ^ ^
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 5, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1309/page/1/
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