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— -- - '' ys £$ CE !^ : [ ¦; _ - . j - GciB » > sb ; raE ; Fohtificatioxs . — 1 ' he M ° " * rr xtforme , the niiniiber of . officers of Accordin g to ^ / ^ hid s ^ Tilie petition { he , N ational Ig"" ^ of ^ e forti&piqn ' s' of / Paris againstf ihe a ^ f ^ chief of : fattaUon pf tLe . StE gju ^ nted to - * w- who hadaffixed'fcffi signature to SLes ion . * l ° d addressed a'letteriiJ tle ^ refectof the P ^^ iaiiiing of not km ? g | bera includedthe Seutf , agjg , - snmmoned fiaS % : ;^ C . 6 uncU of among tnc , sentenced tfli susp / ensiQn' for- fliat ' Tiefectu «^ accor 3 ingly e ^ tri . ^ : fiak . functionary offisH * - ^ onjjssion , which he' regarded as a per ^ . p ^ jj scns . —The hostile controversy l > etweeii a nriveraty pK * 53501 ^ and the Jusuits , Ms received Wi st imulus from a discussion in tlie Chamber of * . ^ T-iiscd upon a petition from Marseilles against £ ^ nS s taught in the College of Fiance by % ll , rs yiechifei and Qninet ^ -doctrines whicli are i
) UpA to 1 » subversive of taie Roman Catholic reli-- u ] t laving been admitted , that the ; College oi f * ' unlike the University , was an-institu-S im pendent of the state , -and resting g a different foundation , the state had-no vffcr over its professors beyond that which is given C $ & common law of the country over all . teachers 5-praJcious doctrines .. M . / Cousin , in defending tic - cwfe s professtus against thfc Count Moulalem-Sj attacked the Jesuit community , which le said rated Italy and Belgium , caused civil war in Switzerland , and held the King ' s Government in ' , check , flic ai senssioaj although , it led to no : practical result , shows how promptly public feeling takes fire tdienever the University-and-Jesuit controversy is liroadied . -- -: ..
SWITZERLAM ) . SrriEso of Apiux 11 . —The questions of the ordo ef the day were the propositions So . 3 , 4 , and 5 o ihe committee . " " The President " proposed to send back to the eoni-Eiittee . the project No . 4 , that it might . ejaminc . the coinmander-in-chief of tJie troopsatpresentin Zurich , on the- question of ascertaining . whether tliere : was rood reason for operating-a reduction in the-annyi ^ liis proposition . was . cranbatcd by Lucerne and her the
adkerenfa , onihejrpundihai question , beingpo ^ Bticali did jiotcome . mti 4 ifj , ^ fe ? 'wra »' - < if ^ ttefeoiu i ^ nde * fo ^ ef . f ? ftTheiO ^^ io flie opinion of , file President , for various reasons , and , amongst othere , for this , —that the Confederation could not in a measure be placed at the mercy of Lucerne , which would be altogether incompatible iriihits dignitv . This view of the question wasvofcd for by thirteen states : Berne , Soleure , Scliaf hausen , St . Gall , Tcssino , Argau , Geneva , Yaud , Thurgan , Grlsons , Bale , Glaris , and Zurich .
M . Jfceff , the deputy of St . Gall , next made a new Exposition relative to the amnesty to be demanded in Lucerne . It consisted in introducing into the project of the majority of the committee the reasons set forth in that of the minority , and in substituting the wGnl " recommend" in Art . 1 , for the word
"in-• ntc . . Tlit- discussion was not long , the greater number of deputies having expressed their intention of adhcrins t o their former votes . The deputy of Lucerne made " against this proposition the same reserve as asamsitbe original ones . He again declared that the veritable means of not obtaining what was desired -vras to come to a decision , since it looked on every measure of this nature as an attack on its sovereignly . The new plan thuspresented did nevertheless obtain eleven votes , and afterwards twelve , by
tJte accession of the deputy of Tessino , who had at fiist declared himself in favour of leaving the matter open . The states which have voted for the anuti « y are the same as voted for the suppression of the convents of Argau . " Proposition Ko . 3 t relative to the allocation of a credit of 250 , < KKif . * Swiss ( about 400 , 000 f . French . ) to meet the military expenses , was voted without much observation . Tlie states of Lucerne , Uri , and others , reserved to themselves the right of presenting at a later period their observations on the measures of the Ynnort .
The first article of the proposition Sxo . 4 , coneernins the confirmation of the federal cwnmisiaoners , ot Hie cominander-in-chief , and of the chief of the staff , tos adopted by all the states except Lucerne . The proposition . No . 5 , presented by four members of the couunittce relative to the application for an amnesty to be addressed to the cantons of Argau , Tcssbo , and Valais , gave occasion for some discussum : Lucerne could not vote for this demand , uot wishing to do toothers what she "was unwilling should lie done to herself . Taud . proposed that Tessino should be excepted from this measure , the proscripT tiou ? -which have taken place in that canton beh ; tr
but few in number , and not affecting the tranquillity of Switzerland . The deputy of the Talais , who is distinguished by the eccentricity of his speeches , preteidcd again that the refugees had come and oreanised themselves in the" canton of Yaud , which drciv forth a sharp Teply from the deputy of that eajiion . On the vote , the proposition of No . 5 obtained only seven votes and a half ; Schafhausen , St . Gall , Genera , Tkurgaa , Grisocs , Outer-Appenzdl , Criiiris , and Zurich . Finally , the question was'discussed whether the number of the federal commissioners should be augmented . This proposition was postponed as useless atiirescnfc . ¦ ; .
Tee Pkjsoxers at Lucerne . —A letter from Lucerne , April 13 , in the New Zuridt . Gazette , says : — K M . Mailer , President of the Grand Council of St . Gall , has adsircsscd a petition to tlie GrandCouncil in favour of his brother-in-law , Schnyder , who-is amongst die prisoners . * The committee yesterday made a report to the Grand Council to the follov / ing cffefi . —J ; The Esecntive Council shall take eare ilut ilie foiviguers' who were concerned in 'tLeqwlitioa of the free corps shall be banished by a judgment from tlicconfederation . 2 . Theyoungnieu under twenty years shall be set at liberty after having rcimVursed tlie expenses they have caused ; Scvemi members remarked that last Vreek the liberation ol
ihe young men had been decreed without any condition . Oihcrsreplicd that they oughtttii be made to pay tLe expenses they had occasioned . 5 L WcndelcrAvcn said t /«« it tvould 6 e wcB to slioot all these yown < j jam without distinction . 3 . In'what regards the ' h ' beration of persons not belonging to the canton ( except the chiefs , commanders of companies « fce ) , uegociations will be opened with the respective 'governments , and guarantees will be required from tbein for the future , and for the repayment of the expenses . The executive council may at once set at liberty a certain number of prisoners , bat it will keep
sufficient to assure the success of the negociations 4 . The citizens of the canton who have taken part in the expedition of the free corps ( with the exception of tie chiefs , commanders of companies , &c . ) , and who shall be judged according to the laws relating to tlie free corps , shall be sent before the ordinary tribunals ; and the grand council declares at present that it has the intention to pardon a great number , oa their application . 1 L Gasimer Plyffer had proposed an amnesty , but his motion was set aside . The Grand Council afterwarda decided that each of the cantons which had sent troops to Lucerne should receive cne of the cannons taken from the enemv .
'fas Swiss Diet . —The following is an analysis of the proceedings of the Diet upou the 14 th : — "At the sjttrag of the SwissDieton the 14 th . the Pi-esidentan nonna'dthathehadi'BceivedfromflieLucerjieaeputies ai'ronosifionthatallthe officers of thefederalstaffwho « a « joined in the expedition of the free corps , should w strack out of the army list . The proposition was Put oa the order of the day for the next sitting . M . ken , reporter of the committee of the Diet , read a « imri oa the reduction of the federal troops , stating « at iiic vonunittec having that morning been infflimwl that by a decree of the Grand Council of . Lucerne the disbanding of the troops of the lesser canwns . aad cot only been decided upon , but begun to be rarned into execution , it proposed to the Diet to order we divisions of Gmur and Zimmerli to be discharged am scryJce , unless anv unforeseen events should
hania' ' ^ S wart J one of the Lucerne deputies , moved I " tit suppression of the lastwords , as he could otn wsee any such events , and the clause would leave * ui * r o penfor the exercise of bad passions . Healso j ™«« l auotlier amendment , to the effect that the jj ™ j | *> ' ehaigesupon the canton of Argau should be ^^^ as much as possible , inasmuch as ithadnot Ti ^ uisurrectional army with ' any free corps-T ) M 1 ^ .. anieiidments , however , were supported , on ™> the vote , only by the deputies for Una ^ fT ' Calais , Fribourg , Schwytz , and Lucerne , J " P- "oposiiion of the committee was adopted , deen ^! efTvart baling entered a protest against the « p «« l . v '^ OHnmending Lucerne to grant an am-3 T- 4 Xeuhausand M . LuvinLdeputiesfor Berne n . ™ , ?* > demanded a copy of the protest , in order ™* « iey might _ if on consideration they thought it jZ ^ ary ^ -niake a counter protest . The Diet adjoome d till the Ifith . "
CwS ^ > ApBa 15 .-The Minister of Sardinia , their tti de Castiglione , las just transmitted to Srii ™ ?*^ » ote in which the independence of S , ' r ^ ratherruadjtreatea ., Arepetitionof 0 fft r \ ttpKsentations is announced on ihe part Pre ^ l ^ d Cabinets . It is stated that flie new TS ^^ t lie Diet isalwuttosubmitalltliesedocu-PoinT Jl ^^ eral Assemhly , in order that it may naUonal ir ? to te followed in the interest of the tii&VxiJr ^ S- A prolongation . of the session of ^^ . Tfr ^^ dinarvDiet mavtUthe resnlt . The
Go-^ "t ion in i ™? . ! appears . disppsid-not to pay Dietlaq J&Jr * mnlations to demency . which , the feaSr ^^^ toit Ifclas not evensufferedthe pS ^^ ta&es to famine the position of the alth oneh ft n of a ^ - I" ? .. *?™ , - released , atnWth ¦? Government ^^ of . Lucerne had aeclared allSnf ^^ wlling to liberate , without delay eluS ^^^ ^^ reara of age . : Atpresentit ^ aB i ^^^^^ J ^ n ^ tbatitougMfba * pe ^ . Wttdemnifiedattierate ofabput 5 francs (^ tS % «* p of each of ^ . prisoners of this % n ' frj fi f « M » HaKeatkaown that they have ' ai £ d ecluarelyoii ^ upattdl ) rea ( i . . : .. ;
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We learn from Lucerne , April 15 , thatpr . Mull& , one of the leaders of the insurgents , and who was taken prisoner , ha ^ effected Hs escape . '"" • : - Letters thom Zuhics of the 17 th inst . st' ^ e , thatall the prisoners under 20 years , of age had been liberated by the Government of Lucerne ' and sent back to their respective cantons . . The Fresse ' announces , that on the 15 th the Federal Commissioners notified the decree of the Diet relative to the auin ^ sty to the Governmeht ' of Lucerne . ' The latter contended itsetf with ; communicatingVip \ them , th , e . decision adopted by the Grand Cbuncilthreii'daysbefore : The Commissioners intendedrto / prplong r their . stay , at Lneerne in pvdei < to pi'esideat the iie » 6 tiktJons pending Between that canton , Argau , and Ba ^ le ( country ) , for the release of the prisoners . . The chiefs of the expedition were alone to te tried agreeably to the . law against free corps , but there was every reason to nope that no capital sentence wuld be carried into
execution . The . Government of Basle ( country ) had ' issued arrest warrants against the individuals wlio had addressed-a new appeal to the free corps . ' The annedjneeting convoked at Sissach on the l ^ th did not take place . . . _ _ , ' Ax jhb SirnsG OF .-Tiik Diei ox the 1 j 5 ih the meniber , for Lucerne deniianded , that j the chitons whicH had afforded assistance to " the . freCcqrps should Bd cqinpefiedtpindemnify thei suffei'crsl ) y ^ ther mya ? ioii Six sj ^ tes onl y supported , the appHcation ^ bufit gave rise . to . a long and animated deb ^ a |« j' ^;^ b 4 c ^ allthe members of 1 ^ efor 2 ^^ i jptiii ^^^^ J } v ^ nt : ^ rTil . ^ Seuhans ,. who had i ^ iiura ^^ Zujic ^ i ^ hadsomewhatrraiu ^ natedtlie ' coura ^ ofth ^ eK It resulted from ' the discussion that thei conduct of the Directory had pleased no party .. The resignation of ; M . HossU , the second Federal Comnussioner , had been accepted by the Diet , by a majority of twelve votes to 8 . The house afterwards adjourned tine die . . . . . . ' ' .
EGYPT . ... . , AtEXA » i > ai 4 , Apeii , 0 . —An act , of the most barbarous character was . perpetrated on a native Coptic jCbi-istian . somedays ago , at . Damietta . Thispersoh was accused of ^ having spoken ! slightingly ! of the Mahoraedan religion ,, and oa the . fact haying heen made known , to the populace , they- collected round him , gave him 500 lashes , paraded him naked through the streets . mounted on a buffalo , with two dead dogs and a pig . attached to his . legs pud shoulders , and afterwards beat him until he expired under the effects of the punishment . The European consuls have taken . it up strongly , but the punishment inflicted on the principal ^ has . been limited to a five years' incarceration in the . Castle of Aboukir . - . ,
INDIA AND CHINA . . . OVBBLAND MAIL . Calcutta , Mabch 7 . —Since thedate of the last despatehes hence , nothing had occurred likely to cause ¦ much excitement when related at -your side of the world /• Ihave uot yet to tell you of "the big wars " which the clouds that yetlour in the noi-ih-wesfc portend , —of the little wars in ihe west more anon . I havenoteven to tell you of another great self-slaughter of the suicidal Sikh anny , though the next dawk may bring tidings of a great action in the Punjaub , theKhalsa Army vcr 3 u $ Golilab Singh . By the last accounts from the country of the Five Rivers , the army , which'does or leaves undone as it likes , had apparently almost made up its mind to attack the
Bear of Jumboo in his den ; In separate and independent bodies , some forty thousand men had gradu ally assembled within a short distance of the Rajah ' s position , and as their numbers nearly doubled those of his troops ; they will probably soon muster courage to attack him . ¦ ' ? Gohlab ' sposition being a very strong one , and his hill men mettlesome fellows , the struggle , when it does come , will be a"bloodyone , but-will , in all probability ; end in his destruction . 9 When Gohlab Singh has been disposed of , to what will the Khalsa next turn its hand ? This is a question wliicli it is thought greatly concerns us . Meantime the concentration of our forces in the neighbourhood of the Sutlej goes quietly but rapidly , forward . The
lower provinces are being deserted by . every soldier that can be spared , " and u we have not already , we very soon . shall have . an army of observation on the threatened frontier that will render us comparatively indifferent to the intentions' and motions of oar rest-f less neighbours . Whether this army is to do anything more than keeping the Sikhs within their own bounds or driving them back if-they break out ; or when the fighting time of year arrives to take the initiative and the Punjaub , does notyet appear . No inkling of the design of the head bf the Governmenj ; has yet been allowed to escape , and the quid nwics , ate consequently left to guess at what loitl be aided tinft bv observations of what is and Ms been :
-There was a great conflagration at Moulmem on the 9 th of January , which swept away a largo section of the t <| wn and part of the cantonments . It has led to Vk quarrel betwixt the authorities and the people there . The former" prohibited the natives' from rooccupying the ground which the fire'had cleared , coiisidering it necessary for the future security of the cantonments tlrat a vacant space should be preserved around them . . A meeting was got up to protest against this , order , and after much strong languagfe the authorities were "formally accused of wantonly questioning the rights of the pecupiere of the soil . How the matter has . encled api ) eavs not as yet . . \\ AFFGnAXisTAS . —It " was reported that AckbarKhan
. was in the Ivhyber , and Dost SlaTiomed at Jellalabad , whence he had * written to the Governor of Peshawur , intimating his intention to reclaim that place . Cum .- —It is currently reported and believed in China that Fpw-chow-foo and ' Ningpo are to be given up . as trading ports , and that Chusan is to be retained in their stead , and made a consular port . The Chinese are building extensively there , both for themselves andforeigners . Her Majesty ' s ship Vestal had received at Whampoa another instalment of the indemnity money , amounting to three millions of dollars . It was paid in Sycee , which is at a premium of five or six per cent . It is thought that half ot this will be sent to England , and the other half to India , to be coined into rupees , and returned to China . [ ¦
TU RKEY . . . . . ' . . CfiincAii State of Turkey . —Istbigues of Russia . —^ Cosstastisoplb , Apro . 2 . —The state of . European Turkey is such as to excite serious misgivings as to the maintenance of tranquillity—a tra }} - quillity upon which the peace of Europe itself is in some measure dependent . This is now threatened from several quarters , and various causes of disorganisation are simultaneously at work . Rebellion , which was never completely suppressed , has again raised its head in Albania . A force , consisting . oi upwards of 2 , 000 men , have attacked the town of Yendgi , and burnt the church . The Caimakan of a district in the neighbourhood of Monastir is said to be at this moment surrounded and besieged by a band of
insurgents . It is generally believed that the Turkish troops will , ere long , suffer some signal reverses in Albania . Their numerical strength , also , has been been considerably weakened by the detachments , amounting to 4 , 000 men , which have been draughted from them and sent into Thessaly to assist in forming a corps of observation on the Greek frontier . Here the danger appears to be still more imminent , and troops of Pehchari are hovering on the'l borders , evidently prepared to profit by any insurrectionary movement whichmay be instigated bythe incendiaries that have preceded them . Five of those emissaries have been seized in different parts . of Bulgaria , and are now in the bagnio of . Constantinople ; one of them , as I have already informed you , ' was provided with letters from the Greek Minister , Coletti . If we add
to these sources of danger and commotion the general discontent of the people , produced by misgovernment , we can scarcely shut our eyes to the critical position of the European provinces of the empire . It is known that Coletti has long been desirous of estabUshing a Greek Consul at Belgrade , an individual heretofore notorious as a Russian spy ; 200 Greek transport ships have been engaged by the Russian Government to assist in conveying troops and stores to the coast of Circassuu From this fact , as well as the unusually formidable levies which nave been made for the ensuing campaign in the Caucasus , it would appear that Russia is meditating some decisive blow in that quarter . In the meanwhile , the Turks cannot witness the mustering of such mighty armaments in their immediate neighbourhood without some secret alarm and uneasiness .
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CONFERENCE DF THE TA 1 l 6 rs ;; - . 0 : ' ¦ ( ' Continued frotwour last weeti ' 3 paper . } : ¦ ¦• : •¦ - J < 5 ^ THURSDAY MORNING ' S SITIlN& . v ; :. I l—J ^ l The secretary' read ' the" minutes ofWe"f # eVioiis lfreethig / which were confirmed ; Mri Russelli ^ f tlie Jtwlibf Committee , gave in the report ; " " orH'atliet f 3 portion of it . ' ' After ' sbine ^ discussiOr i , " the feport was referred back to the committee'for cpmplistlori . The Finance Committee then gave in their report . ' Mri Hannington moved , and Mr . Leach seconded— "That ihe report be received . ' ? f CaiTied unanimously , ic Mr . to
Hustler said that he ^ vlshed bring the case of the Sheflield men befere the Conference .- . They had been placed in very unfavourable and ¦ untprtuhate cii'cumr stances , arising from the improper coriductof their feeeretarjr .- 'He moved the tollowing ( resolution . ' :- ^ "'That in consequence of the : late deplorable : affair at- Sheffield ,- this Conference exonerate the trade from the payment ; of their Executive dues : ; and likewise the Conference levy . ! ' The motion ; was seconded by ; Mr . Newsham , and earned unanimously j Tke Conference then adjoui'ijed for dinner . ... ,
! AFTERNOON ' S SlTTlSft . ..: >! ; Mr . Eames took the'chauvafc ^ two o'clock . The jdclegatesnext . proceeded to . dismiss , the 25 th propojsition on the programme . _ A very lengthy and animated discussion gnsued , which ended iu ' . the . following amendment being meved by Mri Jaines , ' and iseionae ' d by ' Mr . John Leach-r- '' That iii order , to icany outfully the objects cpntemplated by this Cbri' . fcrence , ifc will be . necessary to can'y . o ' n a niost Active . and legal , agitation ,, exposing the system pui ' r sued by both Jews and Gentiles , in the Tailoring tirade ; suo > ying . also ; the necessity of , and enforcing as far as possible ,, the ' necessity of doing . allwork on the
employers' premises , and . limiting the hours of % bour . " Mr . Cotter suggested tliat . tlie . w oy ^ s ,, " unr principled employers " -be inserted instead oi" Je \ ys and Gentiles . " The amendment , with this reiteration , was agreed to . ; The 26 th prqppsition . was struck off , and the 27 th was referredio thes Organisation Committee . ; The ? 8 th was struck " off . l ^ V 29 thproposition was then read ; and , aftersome discussion , 'it was resolved to leave the question in the hands < tf the Executive'Committee . The 30 th proposition : was struck off . The Conference then took into consideration the 40 th proposition ; and , after a short debate , it beiiig six o'clock , the Conference adjourned .
.. ' .. _ " ! ' FBIPAI MOBNIXGS SITTING . " ; The Cpnferenee assemui'efl at nine o'clockTwlien Mr . Cotter was callea'to th ' e ' cliair . The minutes were read and confirmed . ' .. ' ' , .. ' . ' ! . ¦¦¦ - ¦•' ¦ - Mr ., Leach moved , antt' Mr . ilanmngton seconded-f" That tfcis Conference is of opnuon . that a more extensivo agitation" is . required ¦ that ; an address , 'descriptive . ' « jf tlie . state of the " trade , lie drawn up and issued ; and tfiat an . addi-es ' s committee of three be , appointed to prepare the same . " Agreecl f toi" ,. !" , , ¦ , " " ' "' . The (/ pnfpence tlien . considered the 40 th proposition , " ' lhat' the . estabfislimentof sick , burial , arid yacation
funds be left to the option qnd managemeHtof each sectio ^ , independent of tlie societyin general . " . Mr . AntcliffesaW tnatin ieicuster they paid fouii > encepermonth to support the , Infirmary . If a tramp with a card fell ill , he ' was allowed eight snilliiigs per week ; and if lie'had worked a week , fliere . was ' a subscription of threepence or sixpence per man . in ' the shop , over and above ' the eight shillings . There was' ^ i ' levy of tenperice per month for ; the trade fund ; and when there were ; any sick in the trade , an extra levy was made to . meet the expense . -He thought that each section ought to provide" for sick tramps when taken ill on the road : ' Tliis ' proposition was agreed to .
' - . Mr , Russell' moved and Mr . Hannington seconded , "That the report now read be receiWd . " ' Agreed to . Mr . Antcliffe moved , and Mr . ' Kirby seconded , " That the Conference present Mr . Connor , the Leamington delegate , with'fifteen shillings , and one penny . " , Carried . Mr . Land moved , and Mr . Antcliffe seconded , "That a cpmmitteo of three be appointed to ¦ audit the Executive accounts . " Carried unanimously . Tlie following gentlemen' were appointed auditors ^ -Messrs . Antcliffe ; Leach , and Allen . ¦;¦; , .-.,,. 1 , ; ,, . . ! . ' ! . Mr . Shaw-moved " That the finance committee do how biing up their report . " Agreed to . ' Mr . Dramgoole reild their report , and handed in the balance in hand , after paying all the expenses of the Conference . . '" .. - .. ; The Conference then adjourned for ; dinner .
- -FKIDAt AFTERNOON'S SITTING . ¦ ' . . Tlie Chairman having- resumed his seat , and the roll beiugcalled , '' . ' .,. ' . . . ' ' , ' .. ' . '' , '' . ' , . ' : Mr . Allen moved , and Mr ., Shaw' seconded , " That ' any section ; joiuing : after the first , of June ,, 1845 , shall ' pay threepence per member , in addition to cards , rules , dispensation , < Ssc . ; and each and every member shall receive a card of membership on entrance . " ¦ •) Agreed to . : , The organisation committee brought up their report , which was read' by , Mr . Hannington , . the chairman of the committee . ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ .-j . ¦ ,-. . .-JIiv Dranigoole nioved , aud ' Mr . Maunder seconded , " That the report now read be received . " The Conference tnenaiscussedtlWpian section ' by section , and proceeded as far as tlie ' twelfth rule , and it being six o ' clock , adjourned until the following-morning . : . SATUBDAT MORNING ' S SITTING .
Mr . Hustler was appointed : chairman ,- in consequence of Mr . Eamcs being unavoidably absent . The secretary read the ininutes of the previous day ' s sitting , which were confirmed . ''' . " . ' . ' Mi " . Banneymoved ,. and ^ Mr . Maunder seconded , "That the name of the publication : of the society . 1 ) 0 ; tlie Tailov ' s Advocate , and its price , be three-halfpftnce . " : Carried , Mr . Jones moved , and Mr . Crawley seconded , " That all correspondence be sent to the society ' s office . " . ¦ : Mr . Maunder moved the following amendment : — " That all letters be sent to the residence of the general secretary . " Mr . Shaw seconded , the amendment , which was earned by a majority of fourteen . ,... ' The Conference then took , into consideration the 7 th proposition— " Thai the delegates assembled adopt some plan for the appropriation of the Protection fund , such plan to be submitted to ' the different ' sections for discussion during the present year . " . ¦ ¦ "
Mr . Crawley said , the instructions 'Which , he ; had received frqra . the section whichherepresented , w . ere , that the Conference should adopt some plan to protect their labour instead of strikes , inasmuch as they were of opinion that strikes had utterly failed . They considered the , land the most effectual remedy ; but ' at the ; same time their trade was not prepared for the adoption of the land question ,: nor had they the requisite funds to purchase land . They thought that instead of strikes they could adopt some co-operative plan similar to the Hatters of DentonViu order to thin the labour market . " !
Mr . Leach said , he considered tlus question an important one . His own opinion was that there . was at last no effectual remedy but the land ; but at the same time he thought that they could open shops in opposition to the Hyam ' s and Moses ' s , and by so doing do good , by drawing the men from working for the slaughter-house keepers , and by this means getrid of the surplus labourers . Mr . Crawley had referred to the Hatters . of Denton a strike of toat body had cost £ 4000 , and tlie men were defeated after all . Then they commenced a co-operative concern , and they had now shops in Hyde , Dukinfield , and Asntdn-under-Lyne . They employed ' sixty men all the year round , paid the best of wages , anil realised good profits on the capital invested : and if the Hatters could do this , so could the Tailors . Mr . Shaw could not see how opening shops would take away any portion ' of the surplus labour . He was decidedly iu favour . of the land . •' ....:
Mr . Dramgoole could : not see the drift of Mr . Leach ' s argument . AVe could not compete with Hyam and Moses , unless we produced an article as cheap , or cheaper , than those parties did ; and consequently mustpay as . small an amount for labour . He was in favour of the land . ' ¦ ¦ , ¦' . ; Mr . Parker , in a powerful speech , moved the following resolut ion ; . — "Tuat if be recommended to the . ' sMiotte turougliout tlie society , to take into con ' siierjition the propriety of these amalgamating with other , , Trades , as laid down by the late . Conference of Delegates ,, held in ' London , for the pui ^ pose of providingtlie means . offinding employment for the surplus labour of all Trades by entering ' into a compact with theni , to' this effect . ^ 'that the United Tailors' Protection Society are prepared to pay their moiety towards placing the surplus labour of other
trades-on : the . land , i provided . that , the said trades pledge , themselves to cease becoming customers to . those master Tailors who grind down the wages of the journeymen Tailors of the jnited Kingdom . The sections to send tueir opinions and numbers to the Executive Council previonsto the 30 th'of June next . " He was aware , that the Tailors were deposed to innalgamating with the otheif trades ; huthe was convinced it was th ^ wisest step they c 6 uld . teke Hewasdeeidedlymfeyouroftheland . Hte was also aware of the difficulty which " ithe Tailors laboured under , which , many other trades did not . The jump from the needle to the spade was a serious one ; but the resolution pointed out a way in which they could benefit themselves without taking that jump , and at tlie
same time"help their fellow . men . ,. By the means proposed a great moral power would be brought to bear on ihe Hjams , iic . ; and hbtronly so , but a new market eould ^ e ' -provideafor tlie garments which the Tailbrs could p *?" du ' cejby enabling those , who were walking the , sfreets ' . jn unwilling idleness to become customers , r : ""''' ^' - ' ' Mr . Madder would give his most strenuous support ! to the resolution ; , a ( nd , in " pr . oof . pf ; the ' value' of th 4 Iand > he would appeal to the experience' of ' Conference ^ ' TOeni * d thersee anaiiffeiCaildr of Jerserseeking work in the English' nwrkeU ; . . He # ight ;; say riever . ' Thelreasbn ' tq . 1 > e , a ? sfgnedfor . this jiTYas tlieyi . lov . ed th ^ ir . iiomes ^ oecause itaose tomes , werajeadfiared , to . them iiy-harfng ^ -plots of land attached to tliem , The _ great majority of flie ' m had
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their bit of land'and'KepVtheir , 66 w ; - ¦ TUrs . ifcavas . whiqli ) preventeS'th ' em'iii'ymes'df'siack ti'ado"fromcoming j ( n . to the-Bnjjlish ' niiflcet , and edmp ' etiiig ' - liith ; the Jsui-pliis already there , ? . % - ¦ : - ; - ' "'; ? ¦ ' . ¦ V- » w \ . ; . ^ : ;; Sv :::: > : ;; . ; . Cottei ' cotfrattot ' ff n'e h silent vote on this question . He ^ ivas- ' oppdsed t 6 ; ttie ' % maigamiitibri ., an . 'facti , b : etho , ught each' tr ' aae ' couiai > e st " pi-o'teet'itself . ' - " Hejip ' oko from bis con scientious-cbnvic'tion % h ' en -hfe'saidtha ' totbeclrades mOV ^ m ^ it ' alluaed- Wi Was ¦ £ ¦ -political mwemisnl . - rWhe other ' trades vvo ' uld n ' efer'held'thein ; " « ' ' . ni-r . ' ci l-.-a . h .
- Mr . Dramgoole 8 aia , h 6 w cbuld theyexpect Hie bther trades to help then * if-they refused to " assist them inreturn . ( Cheers . J .: L '" . i : <; JIi-.-Fartor replied , andiu doinff 3 jt >; he . s . aid . he believed the reference to polities was intended foe him as an individual . . ^ Mri Cotter ; . "No , ; no , !" j .. uHe-would take the ' . disl claiiner . ' ^ He ; was a . Chartist ,-and never wouldj deny-it . " He was a Chartist because he tbelieved . lh&t justiceAvouia never be done the- labourer until . the A ' collec . tfve ^ wisdom ;" of the working ; classes : had a soice an the - iegislatlon ' p f the country . The ? Conference had disclaimed any intention of introducihg ' politics , and ' ought / therefore , to be believed . ' ¦ ' ¦ There ' wasbhe thing which he wished to refer to , and : that was , ; that : the IVest-end Tailors ^ w ere-rep re - sented in that Conference , but the Protection Society . was not . { " No , no ! " from Mr ,-Cotter . ) Mr . ParkerYalled
attention io ihe names p $ the . delegates wlu ' ch repw ^ ented nine branches of , ^^^ esi-end y . aUors , infi / at Oo ^ fereiicfe . ' Mr . ) Parker ) s statgment ,, was , substantiated , by Mi' . 'Ifanningtoiiandothep ^ ondonyele ^ ateSj .. ' ^ 7 ' , ' ' ^ ' -. ' . " ¦ ¦ ' The motion ou ^ Mng put fi ' oBv ' ttte ei \ ' aivi ' v . a& agsa&Lto unanimously ^ nll ^ e Vo ' tuV ^ against lt > . ' »» - »' ' - ' . ? ¦• ' . '• oV uThe Conference , then ; adjourned for , dinner .. ~ .- .. r ,,,
, ¦ : ¦; ,- ! ¦ -AFTERNOON SITTING . ; ,: ¦ .. ¦ ¦ , ,.,. The chairman , Mr . ' Eames , jtook- hiscseat ^ at rtiyp o ' clock . On the roll being called , the auditors appointed to audit the general secretary ' s books brought . up . -their report ; - ¦' ¦ • - '¦' . ' . . ¦' . •¦ . <¦ : , . : ;¦ ' [¦¦ Mr . Leach , on the part of the auditors , said they had examined the gonoi'a ^; seev 6 tai y's . accounts , and . found them . eorreetto . a cypher . ...... : .,-,, ,,. ' , ^ . . . ' .. ; . ; . The report wasreceiyed .. ; .. . . . . .,,., ' . ' . ' .... ' j '" - ;;; iMr . .. Drnmgople i moved ,, and . Mr . Connor seconded— - /'/ That . each , delegate (| on his returnsto , ' his sectiop , ' send the number of , ; cards and . rules . they ; " . yriU . want to > the Executive ; and the' cash , for the samp , to accompany ; the order . ? ' . - Agreed to . . ; > ,. ; . : - , . ; - : / . .. .... ' , " ,. ¦ , ! ; . Mr . Leach . moved , and Mr . Dramgoolese ' conded ^ - '' ThaJ ; the price of the voles be twopence each ; . the stiff ' cartls one penny ; and the fly-sheet ona halfpenny each . " Agreed to . ...., ¦ .. . ,..... ¦ :..
: It ' was theii '; decided that' the fly-sheets should come mtQToJDerat iouon ' tfcifii i gt ' d ^ ' pf . iu ^ ei iais . Crji" ' ' ' ' On the motion of Mr . Ha . nhinglqn , wl ' iieh' was seconded byM ^ rl . JBu ' ss ' eli , the salary of the general secretary was fixed at 36 s . per week for the presehtyear . ' .. '" . ; . . ; . . .... ' , ' ; . Mr . Russell j inovetl , and Mr . Leach seconded- ^ " Tliat the gentlemen composing the , l&bcuiive ' of last year be reelected ; and thafc ^ Mr .. Parker be general secretary , Mr . Eames presidentj ' and Mr . Hanuingtou treasurer . "' Carjlied by ^ acclaniati ' on . , ' ...., " , . _ .. .. . ; ' , . ' ''' ; ¦" . ' , ; . jjthaving been previ 6 usly ; , arrariged in the plan of . organisation , that in addition to the five Executive members residing in . London , there shpiild be four . iji the provinces '; in accordance with that provision the following gentlemen ' wei'e electett : —Mr . Maunder , Island of Jersey , Mr . Crawley , Leeds ; Mr . Russell , ! Birmingham ; ' and Mr . Dramgoole , 'Warrineton .
The Conference then went into 3 committee of ways and means for ; bringing out' the Tailors' Advocate , which business being concluded , the Conference resinned its sitting . ;"^ ; ¦ . ; ¦ . . VT "¦ - '' ' -. ¦' -- - ¦ - - - -rii ~ Mr . ' ' Dramgoole ' moved , and Mr . Bussell seconded" Thit this C « nferehce , being the representative ' s ' of the members of the United 'Tailors' Protection Sbciety ; -do hereby give , oii'ihe part of those who sent us here , our unqualified ' tiianU ' s to the Executive for the able maimor in ' whichthey ' have conducted 'the business of the society duriivg'tlio past . year y and' that we have implicit confidence uYtheir honesty and ' ability to conduct it duririgtlie present year . " Savvied uriahimously . ' ' ' ¦ >"• ' ! ' '' ' ' ¦ ¦ It ' was then agreed , "' that in cases of arbitration , where the masters refused to be bound by ' such decision after having assented to such arbitration , that the Executive be , empowered . to lay ., a ; le \ xon : each member 1 and ' have the power , of conducting : the j arrangement in all cases of . asserting principle . . " . 7 ¦ . , . ; . :. . . ... ;; -. ¦ . ¦ '
It was also agreed , " Tliat any section neglecting tO : adhere to'the rules , and pay their subscription ' s ^ shall be suspended until they conform . " ' ' ¦ ¦ "" ' - : ¦ ' < ' , Mr . Maunder moved , " That the best thanks of this Cdrif 6 retie ^ arc due , 'and hereby given , to the proprietor and' editor . of the iVci « ft « ni Sdxri for tiicir straightforward arid manly "defense of theworking ' classeSjiandmore especially in giving ; fthrough'the columns of that paper , publicity to the proceedings of this Conference ;' und likewise to Mr . Dixon , for his attention and attendance during < tho sittings of the same . " ¦ '• Carried by acclamation . ¦¦••'¦}' Mr . Dixon , on the part of the proprietor and . editor ) briefly acknowledged the compliment . . Tho thanks of the Conference were then given to Mri Eames for his conduct in the chair . ; The sittings concluded at half-past six o ' clock on Saturday evening . , ,
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The procession then moved on to near the Fanners , 5 Anns , Darcy Lever , where Mr . Roberts and severa 3 « & # MS& 8 H # fiS& = > J Union , the vast asserablyquietljdispersed . f i The next General Delegate . Meeting of J ^ anca- ^ ; shire Miners will talce i pKadB ; 6 h , . Monday , May 5 , p iat the lionse of Mr . Ilosliiottftni ' . tBowling Green Inn , ' ^ \ Oharnock Grcoii , near"Cliorl ? yi ^ f ! hair to be taken" > L at eleven o ' clock in the , for . enopn . ( A ^ public . meeting ^ will also be held ' at-th # same * placte ^ -wlueh will be ^ addressedt ^^ by . F , P .,-Robertsj . Esq . iianAseveral . olherffentl ^ en .--. r ; Theieyv / ifor . fth © L 49 )(< aU 8 ntfivinpIaowgc '/
generaliconti ibution , ; ia : 28 j . ld ^^ enjjt | er >^ . ,, ' : ¦ . iTmiMmsns .-ioeMHAMPAx . rfrAlk ) ut ^ seyenty ,, ot . the ^/ nardy sons of the Miners' Association -sat jlowi ^ xo , ' ^ , ' * good dinner ,,. at the house of Mr / John ' Orowder , hm ; S ? Inn , Halifax ,, on '^ ril Wflfi' ^ Aftw ,.. thej . cjojbh \ yas removed , address . es ; weredelivei'ra . oy ' Me ^ -s . iDavis ' . anb ^ : Brown , lectui er 8 , tft . # e _ Minera , Assoo . iakon .. ; iIt \ vas " agi-eed thafcori Wh'it-T ^ esday -- ; at iwv . p ; clpck , the Collie ' i-s' mves " 6 . f Halifai " shbuld t h » vc : a te , 3-party . If is hoWd that SilllodM Belphgi ing , to the Miners' Assqciaticin \ viir " foUow ithe ex ample . : •• ¦ ,. , ; . ; : ¦¦• • ¦ " •; . ¦ ¦ ¦ - •¦ ¦ ui . - ^ -w : ' " ' ' * ¦ ¦¦'¦ ' """" i- ' ui
• I-≫-J:;-,. .:I:-.;--.' T;J Ri«;I; :, Ichartis^ Annual Cpnventi6n.:" ., ; - ;- . - . ¦: I (Cpniinued. From Pur Sixthpdge\),: ',' ,' ' ¦ ' ;
• i- > -j : ; -,. .: i :-. ; --. ' t ; J ri «; i ; :, iCHARTiS ^ ANNUAL CpNVENTi 6 N .: " ., ; - ; - . - . ¦ : i ( Cpniinued . from pur sixthpdge \) ,: ' , ' , ' ' ¦ ' ;
, ¦ . .-:, FpORTH , DAY ^ TnDRSDAT , ; Apeii ; 2 V ; .- ; .. : ; " ¦' Mr . MfGrath rtfsumed the chair at theVsu ' ai . hour ; "' ' ' ' The Secretary read a letter from SbeideW / annbuncintf ' that they were about to take ^ cii or twelve acres ^ of IailBL' 5 ' 1 aud that their esteemed friend- arid 'treasurer . 'afr . 'Bigg s ^ h ^' d announced his intention of aclvancing £ J 00 ' for laiid purposes in cdnriection witli ii larid ' society , hot ' connected ' wjth the Cliartist organisation . The letter also expressed ' the regret of-the Chartists of Sheffield at- not being ^ able td ' send a delegate : ¦ ' ¦ " ' ' ; ' : ¦" - . ; r ' ' 'i ; : " ' ' ¦'' . ¦> "'¦ ¦ ' plan OF ' ORGANISATION . ¦ ¦ ' - " ¦ ¦ ¦'• .: ¦ : ; . ; : Mi' : T . Clark , 'in bringing upthe repbrtread ^ hfe whole : of the old organisation '; after' which' the-plan-was subi- mittcd clause by clause , andthefollowiugis-tb ' e'r ' eSultii- — : • PLAN ' ' 0 P" 0 RGANIS'A ! ri 0 N OF ' THB - NATlGNA ' Ii
' ; ; . CHAlld ! Efi . AgSOpiAT-ION OP GliEA'T- ^ HtTAlN ; :. -:. . . 1 '¦! . ' ¦ J ^ OB - JECTS ' AND'EOLES OP'TBE ASSOCtit'HOK '; . ' : - - ' J . I ' Qbj ccii- ^ - 'io ' -secure the-enactiheht of ' - ' the- ' i'fPeople's 1 Ciiarterf by peaceful , legal ) 'arid constitutional means . ' " ¦ ; iO v . iii : « :.-i ; . (; ; ; i ¦ ^! i .: ; -: vjv ' . * -. >¦ . ¦ :- ..- . ¦ ") -: > 1 ; jltiJ ' : i .- ;" - i'j ii ' i .. Thatjthe . riph aad . the , pooi v ' I ^ eins' ^ f . 'ih ' e . sa ^ irp ' ecie ' sj ; are iundw . ' tlie ' same flaws ' of . ' njiture , ' * and ' being ? alifie ' capable . of benefit or injury from tlieii '" legislators , rieces-: sarily have , in the election of these ' legislators , tlie same ngiit ; but the rich , in defericeof their rights , arid property , have every advantage which wealth and the purchased powers of others afford them ; \ vhile the' poor , - destitute of these , have no security but in tlie purity of legislation ;
nor any means of solf-defeneo but in the p 6 sse * sion of their shave' of the elective power . The poor , then , have an equal right ; but more need , to elect representatives than the rich ; it is therefore -right and . just that every male inhabitant of-. Great Britain , and Ireland ( infants , insane persons , and criminals only excepted ) , shall fully , fairly , and freely enjoy the elective franchise , that is to say , Universal Suffrage ; , that in order to protect the poor elector , against tyranny , the voting shall be by Ballot ; that ' thcParliamits shall U Annual ;) 'that ' the ' vPNpertg '( iitalifidation shall Ic abolished '; ' that' the whole empire' shall be divided iiitb Equal Electoral Districts ; and that the Representatives of the People shall be paid .- : ¦¦ -. ¦ .::
.- ' : ¦' : ; MEANS .- - ' - 1 . By creating a public opinion in favour of those prin . ciples through the medium of public meetings , petitions to Parliament , discussions , lectures , cheap publications , and the newspaper press ; as well as . the-- formation o £ election committees ' to secure the election andreturn . of members to Parliament , municipal officers ,-and other local functionaries . ' - »¦ • ¦ .. 'J 2 . By raising tho requisite funds by subscriptions and voluntary donationsj to defray tho oxpensesof ¦ the Association . ' ; ¦ - "•• " - ¦ ' ' HOLES .
1 . —All persons acnuiosoine ! iu the objeotg . of . this Association shall be eligible to become members by , taking out cards of . membership , for which : and a . copy of the handbook they shall pay threepence ; they also shall contribute one penny per week to the general . f nnd of the Association , one-fourth of which shall he sent . to the Executive Com-. mittee monthly . Cards of membership . to , be rene \ yei annually . .. . . ,, . •• : , .. :, . , ., . .-. ) ., - ^ 2 . —The general government , of . this Association stiaU be ,, vested in an Executive Committee , consisting of . a president , treasurer , ' and secretary , ' and two others ; and also a General Council , ' tb be appointed by the Executive Committee . ' ¦ " : ¦¦¦ ¦¦> - ¦ ¦ " ' ' "¦' ' ! - "" * 3 . —A-Convention of , delegates shall assemble ou the third-Monday-of April-iu each year , such delegates to be chosen at public meetings , of which legal notice shall he given , and . at which all persons , resident ' in 'he locality have a right to speak and . vpto . , Each annual Convention shall determinij as to the place iii which the succeeding one shall assemble . ¦ "''•'
1 Mr . John Cleave having arrived , the discussionon the plan of organisation was adjourned , and the conslde ' ratiori of the VictimFuud Committee affairs-resumed , The secretary read-communications from Manchester , also fr 6 m ; 'Mv . Jenkin' MOvgftn . 1 ih oxplanation ' toot p \«( 5 e between Messrs . O'Cohnov arid Cleavp . ae to * h 6 li' respect tive positions , aiid the latter ' gentleman expressed ' his williughess to' submit all documents iu his possession " to a committee , ^ for inspection and immediate' settlement , Mr . O'Connor thereupon moved' / . " That a committee of persons residing in London should be appointed to investigate the matter , '' arid said he would undertake two days after such investigation t ( J submit a balance-sheet of the whole affair . 'The resolution was agreed to nem . eon , ' ¦ ' Mr ; T-. 'M . Wheeler-moved— ¦ -: ¦ ¦ : " Tliat the explanation given by Mr . Cleave is satis , factory'to this Convention . " ¦ ¦ ' ¦ •• ¦ ¦ : - ¦ Tho motion was seconded by Mr . Dorinan , and carried unanimously . - ' " - ' « " - '
' ' - '¦ AETERNOOH SITTING . A vote of thanks to . tho Manchester "Victim Committed was carried unanimously . .: ' ...--. On the motion of Messrs .- Bairstow and Muuday it was resolved : — "That this- 'Convention proceed to elect a Victirn Fund'Committee from the London Chartists , and that the number be eleven . " -The 'following were unanimously elected : — Messrs . O'Connor , Cuffay , Shaw , 'flicker , Davis , Law , 'Stallwood , Wilson , TVlieelor , Milues , aridMillsl Mi ? . ' O'Conndr was appointed treasurer , and MvJ T . '' 1 L Wheeler secretary . The discussion on the fiil'es Vvas'then resumed . Rule fourth was altered as felloW 3 'i ^ - ' I ; L ' " - " ' '•' ¦ : ¦ . ; l 'i . The Bxecutive'Obmniittee shall be elected hy'the ' memhers of the' National Chavtei Associfttion , by ballot bv otherwise , from a listof persons nominated bythe several localities . Such nominatiou to be published at least one month previous to the time of election .-.,-. The other rules determined on were as follow : —
. 5 , A system of local , agitation shall . be established , to be carried out in the following manner , namely :-r-Local lecturers shall be appointed at district delegate meetings . Plans of .. appointment for' such lectures shall be printed ; or such other means resorted to as nlll ensure the fulfilment " of such ,-appointments .:. All the expenses . incurred by the , employment of such lecturers shall be paid by the district or locality where such lecturers anay be employed ; and in order to render the above plan . effeqtual , it is essential that the districts discountenance ail . itinerant lecturers ; and that no person be allowed : to lecture in any locality unless recognised by the district , or appointed by the Executive Committee . ¦ i
DUTIB 8 OE , TUE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE . ¦ , It shall b . e tlie duty of the Executive Committee to watch over the general interests of the association , and to aid tlie proniulgatioa " of . its prinqiples by visiting those parts " of the country where their laodurs are mosti-eauired ; by appointmg . lec . turei's , issuing tracts and aiidresses ; they shall also issue uuiform books for the use of the localities , j cbhtainirig .. the , ' rules of . the .. association ,. in order to systematise ' its proceedings ; ' they / shall likewise Issue prepared sheets for quarterly returns , to be forwarded to' the general secretary . ' . ";' It shall also be their duty to take advantage ~ of every circum . stance and event ' which '' may appear to them calculated to achieve the objects of the Association ; and especially to watch over all other movements , ' whether in or out of Parliament , which may be agitating the public mind , and W ' espress to the country , through the medium of addresses ; the opinions which they entertain as to what parithe bhartists , individually or collectively , ought to take in such movements . ' - '
APPOINTMENT OF SECEETAKY AND HIS DUTIES . ' The Executive Committee shall appoint the secretary , ! wMose duty shall be to keep a ' correct record- of the buai . iiess of the Association , monota ' ry or otherwise . . . APPOINTJIENT OF TREASURER 4 K » , HIS DCTIES , The treasurer , shall be chosen .. by ( thp Executive Coui « mittee ; he shall be responsible .. for ail . mbnies entrustod to him ; he shall keep a corre . ct ,, account of ; nU receipts and disbursements of the Association ,:. and . shall publisli a balance sheet , duly audited every three- Months , a copy to be transmitted to each sub-secret « rjl- , The Executive Committee shall likewise elect the _ presideiit ot tho Associatiou . . .. _ .- ^ ., ; - ; , ,.
APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS AND THEIE DnTIES » Two auditors shall bo appoiuted by the annual Conven . tion , whose duty shall be to audit the books of the Associa . tion once per quarter .. .., , . .. , , ...
. : ¦ : - . - ; , ., GE » EEAl . C 0 UNPlL , ; , Every town or tillage where members , of this ; Association shall he resident may : nominate five . or . more persons to act as a portion o £ ; of the general council j . such / nominations to bo sent to the Executive committee fpr appoint * ments . oncein : everyi ; thrQe months ; , i . the ., memtie 1 : s _ shall also nominate two persons ,. tts . Sub- r . reas 8 r 6 r andlSub . Secretarj % to assistthe - General ¦ . Treasurer itnd Secretary intthem anagement of the affairs , of the 'Association . c- , . ¦ ¦ i . 'l- 'i-r .-: < y , DOXIES OF GEKBBAtCOlgfciilV ' . f ^ , ; 'Thb membei-softhe General Council , residing in each
• WcaHty , " shall meet for" the--transaction . of . business ones every week , arid shall have thepp \ Yer of appropriating to 'tile purposes 6 f the association th ^ e-fourths . of the . SUD « ' scriptioris of the ' member 8 iand aU , other monies , ' received in'thesaid'loe ' alitj' : They'djalials ^ p se ethat the recom . ' mendations'ar id instructions of the .: ^ xecutiye Council are carried''hito ' effect ; and < they . 8 haiL , v ^ ye full p ' ovrev to adopt such means for tlie accomplishment . of the ' , ' general objects , as to them may seem meet , provided such / means are in conformity jv ^ th the fundamental rules of tlve Kin SQciation . , . - ¦ - ' - - -- ¦ . ? ::, - _ ii ; - ; . f , 0
. . . On , the niotiei ' of Messrs . Shaw ahdDormarij'it was resolved , " That the ^ ! secretary writeeach month . to all localities who may be behind'in thi eir payments , request * ingjthem . to forward the same . " , , "¦ " - if * . ; ^ - . ... " ¦¦ "" ' ' . " ' •' ' ¦ - . ¦¦ ¦ - . ; -y : . .. !•
Kxm& Iftdbehmrii; , ;• I
kxM& iftdbehmrii ; , ;• I
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TO . THE -TAILORS . OP THE UNITED KINGDOM OF : ¦ ; GREAT BRITAIN AND . IRELAND . . ,- ; FEtto w' Workmen , —^ IlaVing been appointed bythe Conference of Delegates assembled iuMarichcster to draw up an address to the Triidej we proceed'to tlie ' fuhilmerit of this inost important duty with a degree of alacrity ; resting assured that we need only to call your attention to the deplorable state of our .-trade , to ensure your instantaneous and hearty co-operation to remedy the evils we complain pf , and , carry put such a . system of organisation as shall hereafter prevent a recurrence of them . ' . ' ' :
It is well known to all of you , from woful experience , that of late years a class of unpvincinled eapitaUsts have sprung u ^ in our , trade , / who , by . their mode of illegitimate trading , have ^ exercised a baneful influence . py er . the ^ 'cspectable establishments -in the trade , and thereby considerable reductions . in wages , have taken place , and the employers themselves been muck injured . Complaints issue from every quarter : respectable employers find their trade diminished—journeymen have little or nothing to'do ^—the present state of our trade is one of depression , suffering , and uncertainty hitherto unheard of . ''' ' ' r .
- . And what is . the cause of . tlus depression , suffering , and uncertainty ? ^ Although various may be the causes which have produced , our . present embarrassments , those which affect us . the most , and with which we may deal with success , jare . the influence of unprincipled competitors on the honest and respectable employers of our trade , and the unhappy differences ithat exist i amongst , ourselves , Too deep , alas . ' ; . 4 inve we been made to drink of the cup ; of our own degradation ; and bitter—too , bitter—have heen the dregs thereof to our wives and children .. ..-.: We , whothave clothed the nation , from the peer to the or to his oi
peasant ^ the robe garb suited station « condition in society : we who have made the crooked appear straight , and furnished dame . Nature with a mantle for her deformed : we who have by an effort of talent taken froni the summer's sun the irksomeness of heat , and the winter ' s blast its chilling cold : we who have given to the Jews and unchristian Gentiles , the means of ' raising their splendid mansions , " retiring" villas , and Pantechnethicasj ' or tlie last-curse from Pandora ' s-box : we who have done all this / and morej are'like the Son of Man , without a place wherein to lay our heads ; and for ouv vests they have cast lotsi ' ¦' : ' . i ; .
Eelibw men ! The experience ' of the past year proves tlidt' much good has been done by the collecting , and publishing , ' 6 f-the rettl , th 6 ugh miserably degraded state of that portion of our trade employed by-unprincipled competitors , or dealers ~ in ready-made clothes , who , professing to , sell cheap ,: and at . immense sacrifices , delude the public , and , sacr ^ ce . jevery , comfort of their workmen : toyou we sayj go on!—niak ' e your case known to tiie public , and res' assured , a . generous peopleZwlll , ' . ere long , sec you r > Ar ¦ !¦ - >¦ :: ¦> . -.. ; .: ' , V ¦ . .-. •;¦ - - ., - .. ' ¦ ' ., ' ' :: . ' !¦ " :. ; , ¦¦ .., J 8 ut , fellow men , we must , in our appeals to the public , , he consistent—riv ; e musk not expect a justice-loving people & support us . in , withdrawing their support from our . op-, pressors , unless we are , prepared to . buy' ho more / cheap shoes ,. and . boots , cheap liats ^ . arid ail , the . host ' of cheap et dittos l'endered cheaja by / defrauding the iabo ' urer of liis wages . ., . , . . , ' . ' .,, ' , ' " -. .. ' - ' ... ' . ' !'' . ' ''' ¦" ¦ ' '
Thus , you . see ,: thatif \ v . iB .. wish . to . secuye ., tlie co-dp ' evation Of the Trades inpur favjjurj jvithout . wh ' ose assistance out utmost efforts , wiU ' bR . ip ' rpduqtoe / of , hut . little good , we must he prepared to amaigainate witli tlieinjfdr the : general good of , the . whole ;; in a ., word , we cannot , as < men and brethren , members of-the gi-eat human " family , ask for tliat support . ) vhicii , as a , body , we arcnp ^ prepared to give in . retgrh . ., ' J . „ , ¦ Men aqd . Brethren . '—If . eyer there was ape ' riod in th § history , of . our race , when it was pre-eminently necessary to possess correct principles for our guidance , such is the present . We have ,. now presented to-, our view a period when men ., areheginning , tO ; look , beyond the mist which has so long enveloped , them , . ^ nd retarded then * progress —a peiipd when .- ?• humanity is leaping froni her bed of
apathy "— -a period when the masses . , are ' breaking loose from . their thraldom ,, and beginning to understand their true positiqn—when new . and untried principles ' are at woyfe " ^ ? : efforts ^ are . ijeiiig madoj by all , parties tp furnish . aie . me ans . of improvement , to sow those germs whi y bjjwh ^ n jropjed ^ . and groTO , u ^ -must , of necessity bring . aHuta Mcial . jfegeneration . ^ . ' ' . [ ..:. ' .... ' , j :: i , ?* JWt , Happ " arent to aU ^ eyea ' ithe . most iomnion p b serywjjjh ^^ these arenbt epm ^ pn times , ; a great change s in progress , andjngn .-are beguining to / act onprinciples more . accura . te miaTOpreeiaightencd . \ " -w / i . Zl - ;• ¦;• . j FaBte . fpnii . thebasement ^ tructv ^ epf pur truly ^ atipnaj Unioni ^ but * fl . !; accumul . atiio | i 1 of } facts wouldi ^ eierfectly usclesg . if aUowed . . . tojce # ti 9 ue . a chaptic , mass without arrangement . Having , however , taken this-prejupinary . j tep —undeHtanding , now ,, wht ^ t is . ourVjje ^ tate- ^ vyfe ,, ; . .-. — ' . I
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; i - . | " u \ j r y \ i \ . j j m ( * > . - ¦ ., ¦* i . . ,, . have to . apply this knowledge ; a process which will effect SVeaVcha ^ es . " "' - ' ¦ ' '> f < ''¦ - ' : i : -- - r : lit ! : ' ¦ ' „ The period is come when we must cease' " spealdng of our f ! icts" / o 7 ily , the ' eonstant inculcation of '" which wasnecessa ' tT- ' duririg the first " promulgation of tlio principles of pur society : it is now ; our dutyto -apply them , to build up a system , and then inakeit bear on . specific . pQints . :, In ' pursuing tlMscoursV we ' must Expect to meet witft 4 ? fflf uitiesj ' and ' wc niusi rcmenilier that iii many instances we . have to 'de al / with' untrained' intellect , ' and . eonseq . B ' entl }'' with the slavcs ' . of ji-ejuSice . , 'Nbr ban we wonder at . tiie , ° ^ p ' p ^ sitiop \ bjferej | ly ' such charactei's . ' . Sdnie froni Sl 0 Wi , ' and / Othu % . &ftil& '' A' 4 ' ^ cicncy ' 6 f moral c ' our .-ige , det e ^ ed ^ fi ^ ni ' . ' exam ^ ; ' therefore \ v 6 cannot be ' surpnsed if sucli denounce our " p / rese ' nt'nio ' ve i ment as Utopian , or an unwise speculation . ' ' TIiere ' are some who treat oiir'Wews as'WId ' ahd ' c ' h ' irtierical .. . 'These ai' 6 they who first opposed arf ^ vrha ' now ' stand aloof frdrii our movement , and ' whd thinK themselves safein
denouncing all who entertain different opinions to themselves ; as entliusiasts . rOYe drag-chains to : tKe'onward pvpgvess of pur organisation , it is . ignoranee . that . pi'ompts you to declare that pur trade is always to . remain degraded thatall oui ' laboursi ; ' let therii .-b ' e ever ' goi ' lierculeauy /\ viU never , beablo to raise ~ ii n ; om ) : ts ;' preserit " ; dcgVadeU p ' psi-* ' ? " . . 'W ^ H ^ ' ^ E ^ jonSi ' " ^^^ ' !!^^ nith sin ^ assing joy tlie . « awnitig ' . . oT a' ' brjghtev'dtty / '' We'appeal tb'the . really ihtelugehE of qur ' trade "; aiid , \ v ? can' affiirliV snn'le of pity'for nien ' we liavojust 5 iescribeS . : We hppcal ^ t ' o those hPriourable ' an ' d ' highly ^ respectable brnpioyer ' s ,- who SftMtt to take advatttage . o {_ tlifflr . _ ioen ,. and , jiot . Jto . those pseudo refin | cl mushroomsj- . w . ho Jbaye sprung up ? in . the exacf ratip of tlie , jdegradation of their wptkmen , and ; th ' c guliib ' ility of tlie public " to assist us iii coming out in the present movement to a successful issue . '
" Peliow Workriieri i— The / Coriference have decidbd upon bringing 6 iit aweekly publicatioh-at " a ' siriall charge , and we earnestly call ' upbn you to support' it' , confident . ' a ' s wo are , that " it \ vill be a pow ' ei'furmeans of strerigtheriirig and oxtending bur utiionj satiSfie 8 ,-afe-We are " , aiat there is ' sufficient intelligence in ' 'the ' tirade to support it , and that it will become a elieck to the unprincipled employer ,-as through it every member in the UnioriAvillhave the means of bxposin ^ any and every net 'of injustice practised . by them . We are also fully convlncod that the respectable masters will giye . it every , encouragement , anxious , as they are , that the ' i burheyraeri' " should '' be universally enlightened ; that we . should . . now-prepareoui'selves ; toexehange-ignorance-foe intelh ' gence , and ,-with it , error for truth . ' -goodffor . evil , poverty , for comfort , inferiority ai * d degraaation for equal and therefore perfect freedom j and they will' hail the institutions proposed in this address , if you adopt them , as tlie opening of a new floodgate of ?• light
and glory" upon the trader ? . /'¦ .- ^ .- , , - :..-:: " . . . - \ Let the sections , tlieri , ' wheresoever , it . is : praeticable , establish libraries and reading rooms , for . our own enlightenment , and . to plead our own cause , who have so long been deprived of the right ' s' of our labour by uhprincipied ' employei ^ j'let'usclbtlieio ' urselVes with intelligence ' as with-a ; garment , and as we begin-. to see clearly the truth , that real happiness cannot be secured t 6 the individual members of our trade in- any other way than by promoting the general good of all / our ; natural and inextinguishable desire for happiness will compel us to'adopt'the principle' of equal justice , and to malse arrangements by winch alone that good can- be ; secured . The' period' willthen have' arrived - when knowledge shall be'incre ' a ' se ' d ; - ' maH ' s lorig ' and dreary ¦ night of . ignorance will-have pass 6 il- away , ' -and '' the stovmy'passions and jarring contests ' that have been ¦ engendered ' will- : bp dissipated . - : ' ¦ " '• ¦ ' : " ' ¦ -1 . i ; .: % ¦! ,- ;';' ,. , . ,.-. ..--, ¦¦¦ ¦
'' Tailors of England , ' Itolahd , and Scotland , our evils ai > e the same—the same remedy -will suffice * Let us , then , beimite'd in one common'society , in one bond'of indiss 61 iible unity : that , " as ' an aggregate of weak threads produces ' a powerful rope ' capable- of holding at bay tlie largest" ship " which '" all the united'force and fury of a violent tempest / working ; ' in conjunction 1 with the huge and ponderous vesselj'is not able to -break or subdue ,- so- ' we , wroughttogetherbn . theprinciples of truth'andjustice , shall'b ' d able ts withstand'the attao ' ks of ourinost powerful bppohents ; arid let us show'tlial we' are liot ' i ' . "' . Cohterit ' to view , whole thousands daily groan , ,. " . ' . . The plundered-victims of the proud and strong ; •' ' ( j . ontent to tamely die , ' or starving roam ; " ' ' ' . -. The willing slaves of tyranny arid' wrong . ' " ' - ¦ But-. "; :: ; X ;; - ¦ ;/ ' v ,,, // , . ; . ,. ! i . Unite ! unite ! ye tolling , bleeding , slaves ; r Arise ! arise !^ whyy buld ye ' . tamejy die ! ' ' .. .. In voice , as loud as ocean ' s rcjlliiie waves— " " , ' . ., ' rroelaim youi- will through , earth , and sea , and sky . i i ; :. ; . Yours . in the bonds .. ofuiuty ,. ' - t ' . , . ; ; , ¦ : .. .- ; .. •¦ : . , B . A .. DnAJiaooiE . E . Maunder . ¦¦ ¦/ : . -, . ¦¦ •?¦ ¦ J . RossEit .
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NoiTINGHAJf;— FltiilEW . ORK . -KnIIIERs' MoVEUKST . —To ilic . Framework Knitters of , the Three Counties , — Friends , — -I have to inform you tliat a three-counties meeting ofidelegates will : be held at the King George on Horseback ; Nottingham , on . Monday ,. the . , 28 th inst ., at ten . o . ' eloek in tho forenoon , to . which mectiug we trust every branch , town , hamlet , and village will'send . their . delegates , ; the business , to bD laid before this meeting being of the greatest importance to the ,- future . interest , of the workmen in several points of view . : Let not the journeymen of any branch
think for one moment that any relief / can be obtained for them from any source , if , they themselves are apathetic . inusing then endeavours to remoye those gripyancos " so long and so justly epmplainecl of by , thems , elves , and at this time practised upon theni ' in a most cruel / form , by putting . upmi , the wpr | uucu , an amount of ,, extra . laodui .. without an . equivalent ; Tor such . ; . Yes , ' / fellow worlunen ^ tKi sis clone ' at . ' . a ' time when every , person conyei ' sant' with ilie- Franiework Knitting trade admits' that \ ye ' aYd' as 'bad ; if- not the worstpaiclii a ( le ; iii tliis' lvihgdom . And strange to say , altliough thisisaunlitfedby the Goyerjiihent and by manutactiU'e ' rs- 'tlieinsfelv ^ one brancll'or other are ' cohtiniially / 'being further imposed upbrl in bne ' shapeoi' other / : Up , then , one and all ; aridOrganise yourselves , and bennited to amah for the
salvation ofyour families , ; yourselves , aria your fellow-. workmen ;' " ; Lei' your attention 'be drawn' to 'the General' Ti'ades Movement , at whose head stands as president tfne of the best andiaost hoiiest ofm ' en , T . S . 'D . Un ' eomber ^ Esq ., ' ^ ^ M . PIV and ' a committee of men whose ihteUjgehce can scarcely hi Surpassed by the like number in the whole' kingdom '; who , 4 h Jthe course of . a littlfe tinie ^ wiU'b e ^ repared ' with' a-code of gener al laws fp ' r ; % e guidance or the wl f ble of the Trades in this lungdom . —B . HTJiiPHRiEs ^'; '' > . At a , Meehn' 6 ' / of " FRAiiESMXlnsV . 'Framewokk-KNiTTEng , / avd / piHEns ; , li ' eld ' ' at ' the' sign ; bf the Cricket Players , Kitnuerly , on Monday , 'AprilHi \\<
1846 , it ' was proposed by Thomas Leivera , and / seconded by Thomas 'Granger—' ' "That whereas-the'Framesmiths , FrameTcbrk-Knitfera , and Sinker aud Neville makers are alike affected by good or bad trade- and as such good bf bad ; ti % iide is caused 'by supply or demand , and as the supply being produced to an over abundance by wide frames , wei ' the meeting , pledge ouTselves'to ' use our best endeavours to' restrict the use of such- wide' frames by every legal means in our power . " : The ! following ¦> was ¦ appointed a committee , with power to add to their numbera , to cany the above' resolution into efteet : —Michael Leivcrs , FramesmitU ; Thomas Loivera , and Joshua Bostock , FrameworkTKnittera . < .. ' ¦ ¦ , ; .
The Turnouts at Bury . —On . Tuesday , last a very numerous meeting of the turnouts in the iron . tyade was held in the large room at the JIare and Hounds Inn , Bolton-street , Bury , when thirty-six letters from thirty-five towns in . the counties of Lancashire , Cheshire , and Yorkshii-e , were read . They all spoke in high terms respecting the turnouts , and assured those , on stril ^ e they . would meet with the utmost support from those who had joined ; the Free Trade Protective Associations ; The subscriptions this week haye surpassed anything th ' at could be expected ; It was [ jiiso said , that many persons' had lately been brought to Bury under' false pretences , such as that there was no turnout there ; and those who w ere now working as knobsticks were mostly persons who have not been accustomed to the iron trade ; It was aevecd
that the -Bury turnouts would take-a f'hut" at KersalL Moor , during the races in "Whitsun-week , the sign to be " Flint and Steel , " with a' large flag" Rise and Shine . " The benefits arising from " the hut ¦ " , to be appropriated to . the funds oflthe " General ; Free Trade . Protective Association . of Lancashire , Cheshire , and : Yorkshire . " The turnout power-loom Fustian Weavers at Messrs . Walker ; and Co / s , who haye been , on the strike eleven weeks for an advance of " wages , have . this week ' succeeded in obtaining ' their pricesY . There is every appearance of / the , turnouts in , the iron trade "" also succeedihg . —• ;[ Tlie abbye report has . been" written . by me for the Star , papier , at the request of the committee ofi the turnouts . —Joseph Fielding , reporter , ' Middleton , hear Mhnchesteh ] ! - '•• - ¦ - ¦ - ¦ - -mi
Procession , in HoNt fuk" of W . P . Robert ' s ; Esq ; iiMoniJay List' was % ' prbud'ltay for't bV--Mmers ' pf Darcy ' LeviBr distriet ; The brave ^ elloWassenibldd iii great ¦ numbers at' their ^ Various lodges ^ at id ^ accoifl 1 paniedby a banflof musio ; moved off ^ t i' ^ proecssioh with a' nuniber of bea \ ftiful :-banners .-to ' M « ses Gate -station ; ' " where Mif ^ RoDeVts had 'Promised to- meet theht ' . " "Before ; however , they'had reached / theBta-¦ tionniiey ' were'jbiri'ea'by about 800 ^ of-the-tarnttut . mficbaoicsi and Weavers .. of Jury .- Mr . Egberts arrived . ab < jut half-past . four . p . M ., and as soon as he was recognisedr ( iai . loud . burst of :, enthusiastic , we lcome macfeiiihe . 9 welkin . ring . ,: As . soon . as he could ; make his iwayvtlirough ,. the . densOt mass . hft , entered a carriage which had been provided tor the purpose , the bands' plsiyirig , ' / " See ; tlie [ Conquering Hero comes . "
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Fire is the Old Humsidms , Covent-cabdex . — On Snnday morning , shortly after five o ' clock , a fire was discovered burning in one of the sleeping apartments on the first floor back of the premises belonging to Mr . J . Bennett , well known as the Old Hjummnms Hotel , situate in Covent-garden . When first observed the flames had obtained a strong hold of the bed and furniture .. The inmates without Joss of time set to work , and threw seyeral buckets of . water upon the flames , but before they could arrest their progress
fteyjextended to the ,. windowrblind , which becoming ignited , caused great ., alann anidngihe neighbours . Bie ,: firigade engines" from the several neighbouring stations promptly attended , and ^ o / did ' the ^ Cbunty Office engine . On the arrival of the nremenj the inmates had so fax got the mastejry . over : the fire as to allay all appearance of , its further ' extensibn . " The dainageia confined ; to :. the , destatiction / or . tne | b ^ d and . fu ™ tnre , / and seyeralsquares of | lass ;;> in the windows , the building . is only fxiflingly irijnred by fire .,: A spatk , &oni a l ^ nted candle ia tne most probable . cause / of the bntbreik , . ' ' . ' . ' ¦' , " . ¦ ¦¦ -, . , ^ ,
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, - i - tol .- yiii . , ^ :. m ; : £ , ' : - ;/;/»;; siaip , lip »| g | fto £ z ± g ^ i ^ sssssss ^^
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o : : '' ¦ : "; ¦ ' - •" ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ . "'" ;»' - " ^ - . ^ -n 1 j i :: ; . iX T ^^'' /;¦ : ' . / :: t '! - ' ™ - ' - ; is ^ .,. - - : ^^ - ^ , - V ' '' -, ^^; ; -r ; V : {' ;; , i ;/ .- ^ ; ^ a ^ . f : Mi ^ B « lgSiai ^« i 5 ^^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 26, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1312/page/1/
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