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THE ]S'ORTHEE1S T STAR. SATUKBAT , JUSE 7,1845.
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U Setter* & Comspontitnts
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
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• m HESTBT C vjosf OF RAGGETT'S HOTEL BY FlUtw-MtEABFUL LOSS OF LIFE . ... ..-. . isquESI—ANOTHER BODY FOUXD . Ti n ; .- . j " . « oratio ! i " of ilic mius was resumed atnn asriy h ** t . » FrJIav woniing week , under the gnpCTE . t--ur - . 2 ve of t ' .: e vo&c . Many small articles rf wearia gai-rartl , &c , were found , but they were go burnt as to Iw wartlilcas . About eleven odock Mr . Lodcr , the jj . " i 2 : c ;« s ! engineer of the western section of the brigade , received information from one of the men engaged on tlic upper floorthat he had found a lady . Mr . Fogo , tlie foreman , !> eing informed of ta-3 hei , the circumstance was kept exceedingly quiet and only tho ? o informed of it who were immedintei ; concerned in t ! ie discovery . The Earl of jiBi-tuigdos was upon the spot at the timeand
, oi oi , viewing the remains W * lordship appeared tofee ! the tkojHS i emotion . It was 30 deplorably mutilated that identity was impossible ; but , from what subsequeut-y lock piece before the censer , it will be scentk&t this body is defined too larae in the bone for tbat of Mrs . Round , consequently the first female 1 * 4 ; iuxt have Jxea that of the unfortunate lady in question . As soon as possible after the finding of the fcedy , information of the * fact was communicated to the Srasilv and the oSicial persons connected with the offices of insurance . A shell was speedily procured , and the remains deposited therein , and conveyed to the workhouse of St . George , Mount-street . Grosveaor-square , where the otl'ire lie . Mrs . Hound was 19 her 56 th year , and ~ 3 i , the daughter of George Gaswell , Esq ., of Sacemb Park , Herts , and had been married to Mr . Ro-ud about thirtv vears .
¦ U'JOURXEIl IXQUESI OX THE BODIES . The inquest npuii the bodies of the sufferers in the late fire—aanielv , Mrs . Round , aged 06 ; Sir . Raggett , aged 62 ; Jliss Raggett , aged 37 ; Mrs . Jones , aged 28 , and Mrs . Barnes , aged -W , -was resumed yesterday ( Friday ) afternoon , before Mr . Bedford , the coroner for Westminster , at the Rising Sun , Charles-street , Grosvenor-square . The bodies altogether presented an awful appe&raace , and were so much bnnit that they could scarcely be identified .
¦ Th « ma 3 Davis , _ = ? , Brook-street , Ilanover-squarc , vras&st examined , lieaid—lain a surgeon , and have been in the habit of attending upon Mrs . Round professionally , and i consider that the body discovered this afternoon is act that of Airs . Round . [ Hare 1 _ . Daris ps-odsced a portion of the lower jaw > Cthfi bedy alluded to , vbitb was bacded round for eire Inapertion of the jury . There was only one large tooth , ia the jaw , which wa = very much burnt . ] Mr . Darin continued : I have carefully examined the jaw ,
and think , from the projection of the teeth , that it belonged to the maid-servant , and not Mrs . llouud ; Iwsdes . tho body is of teo large a size for that of airs . Round . EdmoHd Sheppaxl Srmes , C 7 , Lroad-street . surgeon , having been sworn , deposed—1 have examined three bodies now lying at the workhouse , two of which were females , the third a male . They are all very much burnt . The body brought in this morning aynera-ed to be tbat of a largevGiutm . The molar teeth werever ? much decaved .
Benjamin Itich , servant to Sir . "W . ltiiur , was then sworn—He said I was staying in Ragsett ' s Hotel at . the time of tie fire , where my master and mistress had sha been staying since the previous Fnday . On Monday night I went to bed between eleven and twelve o ' clock . My bed-room was on the second floor . 1 had not been to sleep long when 1 was awakened by an alarm of fire , on which I got up and looked out ot the windows into the street . 1 tfcfia went to my bed-roian door , but directly I opened it the dames rushed iu upon me . I * retarned to the window and threw it open , when I got outside and held fast by the w _ dow-frame I -hung there as long as I could until my fingers were very much burnt , when I was forced
wfetg » , and I fell down upon the balcony . As I was hanging by the window I saw Miss Raggett , Miss Round , and ibelauj * . maid at the window next toftitby which 1 wr * holding fast , and Miss Raggett called out tome . * Rich , for God ' s sake save ob , otto shall be sill burnt to death . " "When I was down upon the balcony 1 taw Miss Raggett attempt to descend the fire-escape , and in doing so she tell tuna the pavement in ths street . By ** Juror . —The iire-Cccape was placed against tiw'watt , between tvro windows . There was no fireea ^ a& ia the street at tlris time . It was twenty miantes from the coiamescenicnt of the fire before
ttefirt-tecape arrived . 1 am sure - . lisa Raggett fell from Tie window . At this time there were a few policemen about , and the fire-escape had come , but a few minutes elapsed before it could be used . I do not know how wide ifcespaee is between the windows Philip William Raggett was again sworn , and gave a good deal of evidence in confirmation of what lie had before- deposed . He also added that it was his opinion that Martha Barnes must have got out of her bed . and come down to bia father ' s Tooni in order to awaken him , but that there &hc had been overcome by the smoke , and the Scor having given way , she was precipitated below , aud tbat would account for her body having Usci found tencath his fathers'
bedroom . By a Juror . —Mis . Round was more corpulent than Mrs . Barnes , though her acnes were not so large . Misi King was taen called and examined . —She aud : When the fire teok place two men came up to take me down , and I cannot remember anything else . I do not recollect haviag teen any woman ' at all , nor should ! Lave known Mrs . Round or Mrs . Ra ° Eettit Ihadseeattem . Heiisy Raggett , chii esgkieer , deposed . —On Monday eight , the 26 th instaut , I was waiting up with ray brother at the hotel , for the return of a party who , L was informed , had visited the Freuch plays . On . their . return , at a ouaiter-past twelve o ' clock , " 1 secempaaiea my brother io the second floor , to the rawa Mrs . Round occupied , and after again reaching the bottom of the staircase , I heard a cry of fire , « bM appeared to issue from the first floor . T
im-• aiedktdy returned with _ y brother to look after my oiother , who had been ill for some time . The fire sag isuing from the first floor bed-room . We succeeded in getting my mother as far as the first floor flight of stairs , when the smoke overpowering me , I tefc her fell I do not lccollect anything more till I tbU mywlf in the fresh air , awl I waited in the street Wjot twenty or . twenty-five minutes , by wiiich time the fire-escape had arrived . It appeared to me to be worked ia a very awkward manner , but as I did not understand it , 1 attributed it to the machine . I saw a inaa ascend it two or three steps , and then return . I then , ascended it mysclt . and in doing so I saw a female falling down , whe-m I have since learned to be my sieter . When 1 got to the top I succeeded in rescuing Miss Round and another lady , but I do not think it was in their power t < i , reach the ladder without my assistance .
By a Juror . —I cannot ieil whether the man whose business it was to atte » d tc the machine was in liquor or net . I think that if the machine had been pro-^ erJf plac ed my sister could have escaped . There e no faap-doer at the top of the house , but there are windows leading on tie roof . If ladders had been placed from the balcony to the windows all the lives ought have been saved . I saw several policemen iu the hall ,, who were springing their rattles and giving toe alarm , but 1 cams ;?;; tea whether thev aid their outy . .
Chides Robinson , a -waiter in the hotel , was then exaiained . He said—i vaa ia the house at the time of- £ fce fire . Here RoLiaauu repeated the evidence that Lad been given « eforc , and continued—When the . escape arrived , vbkb . was nearly half an hour after the fire commenced , there wassoinc delay before it isas made to work . Tiic man who had charge of it did not seem to tuftc-staad it , but 1 cannot say vhether lie was drunk tfjsl I ran to the peKim who keeps livery-stablK ^ c- ^ t door , to obtain laddeis , but ho refused to let me have any , and said , " . Xe vcr mind , let me have mv hoacs out fist . "
-Joseph Wiadison ' tVc ' ib&nrac , of So . SS , Albemnrle-* eet , deposed—I haJ just passed fciggett ' s Hotel , about 20 minutes to one o ' clock on Tuesday morning test when the alarm of Sre was given . I heard a farad crash and a scream of fire when about 20 yards fronvuie window on the i-outh of the portico , oil the drawing ^ ooni floor , y . lilt ! i was broken Aiwlkcman alnostatiaie same time raa up and sprang ha Kittle , lwent back aud ebv , three ladies at the window which was broken , i ^ d the room appeared to be full -3 t smoke and a glare of Src . Ones of the ladies tried to get oatj bat the others attempted to prevent her . Just at this moment- a cab came down the street , trhict I stepped , and begged of the gentleman inside to go and fetch ifcc fire-escape , which he refused to do . I then requested hnn to get out of
the cub and allow me . He did so , and I inuuediatelj jumped on tie bozandmade thecabman drive Off at full speed . The aiau in charge of the fire escape was standing as . the pavement and a policecm , asar him . I told Mm to come up immediately , afid \ yent behind to asai 3 t in moving the escape , but fouivi it was fastened so thai we could not stir it . 1 ttc ; vcsired the man in charge to unlock it immediate !} . Imthesecmed quite unconscious 01 what he wa 3 won ; . I spoke very severely to him , and told him that tats delay would occasion a great loss ot life , and begged nan not to stop a moment . I asked him wL :. t Le was about ; and said , " Give me the keys ;" on widen he threatened to knock me down if 1 said
anything more to him . The policeman here said , " You must not mind him , sir , for he is intoxicated . " The man in charge of the escape then-ray quietly turned round to lock up his box , and afterwards tried to prevent me from assisting to push the machine 3 Jo&e . About four minutes were lost by this delay ; oat I should tfcite that the machine , altogether from w » fame lstarted in the cab , was not more than a quarter of an hour in arriving at the fire . When he ©>« . to tt » end of Dover-street a number of persons !?^ SP « Wngit aI ? g' I then left it arid went tioT ^ K ""! with a little more loss of time ^^ SL * f ^ laoed a S « n 5 t tte waBL At this mo-? S ^ M 5 S ^ tlle o ?) of ' whom Ihavemnce « i&r 2 ? S " 6 ? Ett ^ Sliestepped over the roof Sh&iaa £ S 3 r ft ? ? feet * tiie top . fe « £ fir « ri ! f a « 8 elf : by ha hands and took a ^^ ? f * * Wttntto fte street upon the paTe-
The ]S'Orthee1s T Star. Satukbat , Juse 7,1845.
THE ] S ' ORTHEE 1 S STAR . SATUKBAT , JUSE 7 , 1845 .
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"PUILOSOPHT" AJfD COMMON SENSE . "BIVIKE PROVIDENCE" AKD "LONG HOUKS . " "PmMsorar" has been the curse of our time ! Whenever any cruelty had to be perpetrated , or any measure founded on justice and common humanity had to be defeated , " philosophy" was sur e to be appealed to—to be adduced ; and its # ««»» has , unfortunately , been too often received and relied on , to the uprooting of natural feeling and the destruction of all just principle of action .
When the exoemous debt and crushing taxation in combination with tl : e devastating effects of Bank Restriction and Peel ' s Bill , —all consequent on the unholy wars undertaken to " put down" the rising spirit of liberty , —had produced their natural results , an imtnverished people ; when wealth had been abstracted from the hands of its producers , through the operation of the all-absorbing engine olpopermonq / ani high taxation , into the lap of the "greediest and most inexorable of tyrants , " and every tentft aunt in England converted into a " pauper "—or a liver , to more or less extent , on the poor-rates : when the
sum originally levied for that description of poor which we "have" and alwats shali , " have with us '—the maimed , the infirm , the misfortunate , the lame , and the blind —was increased from £ l , t 20 , 316 , in the yeav VJt& to £ 9 , 320 , 440 in 1817 ; when this was the case , and when this frightful extent of " pauperism" was increasing on every hand , a Phiiosophee arose , named Malthus , who set to work not to show how wo were to get rid of the debt , by an equitable adjustmest between the nation and its creditors ; not to remedy the all-devastating effects of Peel ' s Bill
not to arrest the downward progress to national bankruptcy , caused by the enforcement of a taxation imposed in a depreciated currency , and meeting " engagements , made in paper rags , " with payments in gold of " full tall and fineness ; " not to " tear the leaves out of the accursed red hook , " and rid the nation of the "dead weighs" that was pressing it into the earth ; not to reduce the salaries of the judges and the officers of State to the amount they were fixed at by Act of Parliament &e / orethe " Augmenting Act" was obtained , to enable them to meet the high prices of provisions caused by the depreciated paper currency ; not to put a stop to " grants "
of public money to public servants for services performed , even after they had been regularly paid for these services , and even after they hn&engaged to give those services for thepow ; not to discontinue the extravagant " allowances" and thesincnmplaces , given as rewards for political tergiversation and perfidy towards the people ; not to dock the pension-list of one single name , —for on that list appeared Parsox AIalthus himself ! he being a lazy pensioner on the means of the producers of wealth to his dying day , besides enjoying Ms portion of that " church plun der" which was originally " set apart" for the erection aud repair of the church edifices , ihe m \
is-IESAXCB Ot THE TOOK AND THE STRANGER , and the keep of the priest : it was not to do any or all of these tilings that Pensioner Parson Malthus ^ MotoiJiised : but it was to inculcate the impious dogma that the poor have no right to live ; that " a man , born into a world already possessed , if he cannot get subsistence from his parents , on whom he has a just demand , and if society does not want his labour , has no claim of right to the smallest portion of food , and , in fact , ' . to business to he where he is : at Nature ' s mighty feast there is no vacant cover for him : she tells him to be srone : " it was to inculcate these
atrocities , that the pensioner , the liver on the labour of others , wrote his book , and deliberately proposed that a law should be enacted , providing , "that no child born from any marriage taking place after the expiration of a year from the date of that law , should bo entitled io parochial relief , " thereby hoping to put a " check" to that " pauperism" which , in the increased and increasing amount of poor-rates , threatened "to eat up the estates . " It was to inculcate such impious doctrines as these , and to promote such heartless measures of starvation and
death for the children of the toilers , that the pexsioned PAnsojf , —with every morsel of food he swallowed and everj' rag of clothing on his back , purchased by taxes wrung from the parents of those whom he was thus seeking to doom to a lingering death , —laboured with his pen : and his teachings were so congenial to those who , like himself , lived out of the taxes , or who were otherwise bound up in the existence of the ACCURSED THING , that they eagerly imbibed his " principles , " and puffed the pensioner off as a very saviour .
Again . In 1831 , when the evil effects of debt and taxation , and Bank restriction , and Pbel's-Billproduced-loiv-2 yr < ces-v . it } t-d q ) reciated-pGper ~ moncy-engagementi , had manifested themselves more unequivocally ; when " pauperism " wasstridiugover the land j when the Corn Laws of 1815 and of 1822 had failed to secure S 2 s . a quarter for wheat , and Peel ' s Bill had caused the estates to be jeopardised—in danger of falling into the hands of the Jews , through mortgages made in a depredated currency when , to keep THE THING on its legs , it vhu kbcsssaBT to get further at the wages of labour—U > " reduce the labourers of England to live on a coarser sort of food ; " when tfc ' s icas tfie cast , we had more " philosophy ! " A heartless
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* ¦*¦¦*¦ f- * . 11 y iv 1 u mountebank ; a man who has earned a character for unsafeness ; ho , that has betrayed every person , every party , and every cause , that has confided in him , or been confided to him ; he , that tried to prevent Qcees Carolise from coming to England to face her accusers , and proposed to her that she should live on the Continent , on an allowance drawn from the pockets of that people against whom such an act would have been an admission of TREASON ; he , that basely deserted the persecuted Queex , when entrusted with her defence , and left matters easily answered , totally unexplained , with all tkeir appearance of guilt
against liis \ ralucky " client ; " he , that tried to wheedle the constituency of Westminster into the electing of him as their member , hi the place of Lord Cochraxe , by pretending to advocate Universal Suffrage and Annual Parliaments , — writing out Ms speech , in favour of those two " points , " in his own hand , that there might "be no mistake" —and who , when petitions for these same two " points , "—Universal Suffrage and Annual Parliaments , —were presented by Lord Cochkaxe , signed by a million ami a half of Englishmen , sneered at them , and called the " points , "—his own
adopted " poiuts , "— " little nostrums for big blinders ; " he , that prevailed on the Yorkshire crackskulls to elect liim M . P . for that county , in 1830 , on the distinct pledge that he would agree to no plan of Reform that did not extend the franchise to all householders at tie least , and who averred that lie held the honour of representing them to be far greater than any the King could bestow , and that he ivovld never desert them to fill aim place—and who , within some two months of that declaration , turned his back on his constituents when the post of Chancellor was offered him by the
in-coining Whigs ; he , that was party to a " measure of Reform , " excluding nine-tenths of , the householders of England from tlie franchise—and who , when difficulties beset the Grey Ministry in 1831 , offered to take office over Lord Grey ' s head , and reduce the emasculated franchise of the original Reform Bill from £ 10 to £ 20 : he ; this man ; this faithless one ; this betrayer of trust ; this mouthing buffoon : he ; this jack-pudding , in 1834 , when the " state necessity" above set forth arose , made the walls of Parliament ring with maledictions against " the accursed statute of Elizabeth , " denouncing every
provision for the poor , "be it tithe , or be it tax , " as a frightful evil , aud bidding the legislature to pass the measur e he presented to it , "if they would save their estates from being devoured up by tho horde of paupers created by the fund set apart as the reward for idleness , laziness , prostitution , and profligacy . And " Philosophy" for the ^ time triumphed . The measure was agreed to . It was avowedly founded on the principle of the prime . " philosopher" of allthe Pexsioked Parson ; and it was as distinctly avowed that the measure itself was but introductory , but " one step , " towards dispensing
with Poor Laws altogether . As such , it passed . Where is it noiv ? Where is the " principle " on which it was founded ? Where is the " philosophy" which sustained it ? Gone . Shivered to atoms ! Scouted—detested— exploded ! Where is the man imv , who dares to get up in the legislative assembly and deny the right of the poor to live ? or their right to a maintenance from the soil ? Where is the man now , who dares to avow the " principle " of Pensiosed Malthus , and state his readiness to " carry it- out" to its legitimate conclusion ?! The man who would now have the temerity to propose
such a compendious scheme of spoliation would be considered little better than a manific . Cobbett , and Oastler , and Stephens , and O'Connor , and the Ernes , and Charles Dickens , and glorious Tom Hood , and Laman Blaxchard , and Douglas Jerrold , have not written and acted in vain ! The hellbegotten " philosophy" has been unable to " stand its ground . " Nature and common feeling , combined with reason , has driven it into the shades of darkness , from whence the Pexsioked Parson first drew it . The Poor Law , enacted to reduce the labourers to live on a coarser sort of diet , has been
amended again and again . The " wages of prostitution , " in the shape of pay for bastard chiU dren , have been restored . Affiliation is once more the law of the land , — and the aristocratic betrayer of female confidence is now no longer able to visit on her head the whole punishment and cost of his perfidy . The principle of " out-door relief is acknowledged as just and humane by the amended law . The " test "—the infamous and brutal "test "—of destitution has been in part dispensed with ; and so far from ouv approaching the period when " all Poor Laws will be done away with , "
and "the poor thrown entirely on their own resources , " we have , of late years , given Ireland a Poor Law , acknowledgingthe right of the destituteto live out of the soil : and we are at this moment engaged in amending the Scottish Poor Law , because it is found inefficient for its purpose—the proper relief of the destitute . This is indeed progress ! The " curse " of the age is being put under ! Malthusianism is tottering to its fall . As the Times well says : — " This detestable doctrine is now so utterly scouted , that u
would be difficult to find any person who professes to adopt it , except , perhaps , a few of the administrators of the New Poor Law and their partisans . All other pevsons , l including even the Scotch judges , admit that the destitute have a right to live , and that this right lies deeper than the right of property itself . This is progress—most important progress , too , considering the vitiated state of public opinion on this subject scarcely eleven years since , when even the House of Lords obsequiously crouched under the Malthusian impieties of the introducer of the New Poor Law . "
But it is not alone with the question of Poor Laws that " Philosophy" has interfered . The abolition of the legal relief for the unemployed ; the denial of all relief , except on terms that would deter every one but the soul-destroyed starving slave from accepting it ; the institution of the " workhouse test , " with its workhouse dress—its brand of poverty—its classification—its separation of man and wife and mother and child—its " scientific" dietaries , of skilly , bread , 4 ozs . of bacon for a whole week , and a morsel of cheese—its dysentery , hurrying off its inmates as if stricken with the plague ; all this was well
calculated to make the labourer offer Ms services for almost any amount of wage , sooner than subject himself to the cruelties that awaited him if lie applied for aid in his necessity to those facetiously termed his " guardians . " And thus " Philosophy" accomplished its aim . It got at the wages of labour . The Poor Law screw was well adapted to twine the labourer down to less and still less comfort . The less the " share" of his productions kept for himself , the moretherewasforthosewholivedonhislabour . Thus was the object of driving him to " a coarser sort of diet" to beaccomplished-andfor the saidpui T ose .
Whatever , therefore , interfered with , or iWartcd . this settled design , met with disfavour from " Philosophy . " The question of short hours of labour has been particularly opposed by it . The reason is sufficiently obvious . Short hours would have counteracted the designs of the " Philosophers , " as manifested in the law to reduce the labourers to live on " a coarser sort of food . " Short hours would have caused a greater demand for labour . With increased demand comes increased price . Increased wa » cs would have given the producers a greater SHARE of their own productious . This would not have answered the purposes of " PMlosophv . " The interest
of the debt could not have been paid unless the livers on the workman ' s labour had consented to have tf « etr incomes reduced , and a portion of them handed over to " national faith . " Lady Juliana Hat would have had to go without pension-and Parson Malthus would have been equally "destitute . " The Dead-weight" men would have had the supplies stopped ; and the sinecurists would liave been without salaries . Could tft { s have been borne J Were those that fatten on the taxes to see their means of luxurious existence taken away , without an effort to prevent it ? No , Interest , theall-binding tie of THE THING , forbade it . "Short hours " could not be endured . No mattes that the helr-
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JilH Ul A J . ti less and the unresisting were being sacrificed . No matter that deformity , disease , and premature death were the consequence to the young—to the infant . No matter that law-produced poverty had caused the order of nature to be reversed , and the mother sent into the factory to earn the livelihood of the family , while the father stalked the streets like a spectre . No matter that " science" and "improvement " had "dispensed" with the labour of the man , and called in the woman and the child . No matter all this : what availed it against the other considerations ? A failure in the amount of taxation
necessary to be raised would have been destruction to the whole THING . Tlie evils of long hours might cany some few , or even a considerable number off ; but were not there " more" to supply their place ? Had we not already " too many mouths ? " Was not population increasing in a geometrical ratio , and subsistence only in an arithmetical ratio ? Therefore short hours could not be thought of . The existence of the State itself depended on the working of little children and females twelve hours a day !
Well , but there were little children and females , employed in most unhealthy and most improper ( for them ) employments , and for a longer time than that fixed by " Philosophy" as " the least possible limit " that State-necessity could admit of . These were those employed in print-works and calendering establishments . Humanity interposed in this case , and said -. — "Surely , ' Philosophy' will interfere here , and apply the rule it has itself laid down . " To this att reasonable men gave- ready consent . They argued , that if " State-necessity" could not admit of the ten hours' limit for factory " hands , " because the existence of THE THING would thereby be endangered ,
still if it could manage to keep its head up with twelve hours' toil from those that worked in our manufactories , there did not appear to be any necessity for those who were even worse circumstanced ai labour , to work longer time ; and they anticipated that the modest proposition to place the latter party on the level " Philosophy" had made for the former would have met with no opposition whatever . Humanity reckoned without its host . Though the adherents of " Philosophy" in ttic " lower house" could not muster courage to oppose so reasonable a course , the "incarnation of deceit and mountebankism" in the " upper house" could not forego the opportunity of proving itsnlf " true to nature . " '
The Bill to extend to calico and other print-works the provisions of the Factories' Regulations Act enacted two sessions ago , with such modifications us were suitable to the nature of the works , passed the House of Commons without opposition , after its introducer , Lord Ashley , had consented ' to make certain alterations suggested by Sir James Graham . On Friilay last the Duke of Buccleuch moved that the House of Lords , where the Bill had had its first and second readiugs , should " go into committee " on the measure . On that
occasion-Lord liBOuoiuai said , he could not refrain from enter ing his protest against their insisting , year after year , on thus legislating in the wrong direction . Professing great concern for the working classes , they were doing aU they coitta by ( heir UgisUition to injure and oppresi them , and were treating them with what ht held to Umerc cruelty , under the false guise and garh of humanity . He had formerly entered his protest on the journals of the house in reference to this kind of legislation , and the objections which ho had then urged appeared to him to apply with as much force to tho present bill ,, although Us operation was restricted within narrower limits . He chiefly objected to the 32 nd section . The dealers iu humanity should be dealers
in morality . After these women left at nine o'clock at night , from nine till eleven their morals would not be improved , unless an act was brought in by sone humanity-monger to require them to go to bed , ( Hear , hear , ) Uy stopping the children from working , the work of the men was stopped , as the children ' s labour was as necessary for tho labour of the men as theirs was to tho printing . His ( Lord Brougham ' s ) opinion was that it was not for lawgivers to protect children ; it was for Nature and Divine Peovidbnce which had provided the oave 0 / tiie parents . But the objection he had to the bill was one of principle , though he had a specific objection to that part of it which related to women being prevented
from working with their own consent and that of their husbands . _ The Legislature had no right , with their fantastical opinions , to compel women to withhold their labour . Men were allowed to work all night , and why not women ? they allowed jockies to be brought up in a manner which entailed upon them all sorts of diseases , in order to ride at races , He wished they would legislate against their o « ft persons , if ttiey legislated for humanity . In the name of common sense , and common justice , aui common humanity towards the working classes themselves , he hoped they would not ba constantly hatmted with one of these measures after the other of cheap humanity , which cost nothing to the framers , but was at tho cost of others .
In the next stage of the bill he should move for the omission of that part of the bill which prevented adult women from being allowed to work as they pleased , leaving all the children and other adults to the ravages of humanity . The pitiful buffoon ! " Nature and Divine Providence" protect factory children and women ! What knows "Nature" of a factory ? If the mountebank will but be consistent , and lemit children to " Nature and Divine Providence , " they will never again ask him for protection . But if they are to have " Nature and Divine Providence" doled out to them , when they seek for protection against the effects of tlie murderous unnatural system which subjects them to its iron
control , they must have " Nature and Divine Providence" throughout the piece ! and if they have , tho brutal blasphemer , who talks so mouthingly of "Nature and Divine Providence , " would find to account to be far different than it now is ! Is £ 50 , 000 , 000 taxation a-year the protection of " Nature and Divine Providence ? " Had Nature to do with the " unnecessary and unjustifiable" wars with America and France ' , ' to put down freedom ? Was it Nature that brought about the Bank-Restriction ? Did Nature prohibit the old Lady of Tlireadneedlestreet from paying her debts ? Was Nature the cause of the extravagant loans Lord
John Russell told of last week , where £ 200 was set down for only £ 100 "lent ! " Was itNaturo that issued the one-pound notes , and that caused papermoney to become so depreciated as to cause two pnicEs—when guineas of twenty-one shillings iiomina 1 value , sold for twenty-eight shillings in " paper ?" Did Nature pass tlic act to double the Judges and Officers of State ' s salaries , to enable them to meet the enhanced price of provisions ; and then pass Peel ' s Bill to reduce the prices , but without reducing the salaries ? Had Nature to do with the " prosperity " of 1824-and "THE PANIC" of 1 S 25 ? Did
Nature enforce tlie provisions of Peel ' s Bill , to the deterioration of all the property in the kingdom , and to the utter ruin of hundreds and thousands of our merchants and traders ? Was it Nature that made it necessary for the working people to be reduced to " a coarser sort of diet , " that rents and taxes might b < $ 2 iaid ? Had either Nature or Divine Providence to do with these things ? And yet these are the things that have made it necessary for women and children to ask our "law-givers" to accord protection against the evil effects which the unnatural system has entailed on them .
Butthen"itisnotforlaw-givcrsto protectclnWl'en !" Then what , in heaven ' s came , are they for ? Do they only exist to levy taxes , and absorb to themselves the fruits of industry ? Is it the " be-all and ' the end-all" of their existence ? If so , would not society be better without them ? There is this blaspheming buffoon , for instance : he has a pension of £ 5 , 000 a year . To raise that sum , many a woman and many a child has to groan and toil , and groan and toil again . Of what «« is HE to them ? They ask him tor protection ; , and lie tolls them that " it is uot for him to protect : " "they must go to Nature and Divine Providence V Would it not be well if thtv could refer him to "Nature and Divine
Providence" nest quarter-day , for the payment of his pension ? If they could , they would have to groan and toil ( hi few—and so stand in less need of protection ' . " Nature and Divine Providence" are not to be forgotten , in the beceosisg and SETTLEMENT which every day draws nearer between the oppressed and plundered people , and the brigand-horde , of which this blaspheming mountebank is one of the most meddling . When we ask them who gave them THE LAND , we hardly expect that they will an . swer " Nature and Divine Providence !" ' If they do , we shall ask for the PATENT ; if they do not , we shall appeal to Nature !
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" ""^ If AOftO , that its effect , in the way of Destruction , is suffic W * to satisfy its author . The Bishop of Losdon would join Earl Wixci sv . k in his "fight , " were it not that the revaiw ^ r his bishoprick were so cumbersome 1 As it is u obliged , now that the iVIaynooth College Bill I 1 L 5 M but passed , to " confine his attention to his duties' * ' and the emoluments . The Earl is not a Bishop .. "" he would not have made his " rash vow . " How long shall wo be ere some of the Peers turning Chartists ? Who wouhl have expected w 7 cniLSEAto Uad in an effort to dissever Church f ™ State ? Verily , we live in strange times ! , ^
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JOHN AUTT , YOIIESIIIRE , — TllO Afl , W C "" - name would be much more ffecfvt t td ? * whom it in addressed if printed vsiln ^ i f rotated ummgit them . hMldblU ' * II . P ., Norwich . —Payment of the poow . te o-m 1 „ polled fromaU household , ^ JiSS'lS he amount of rent , small w g ^ at , unless tl , cre b , loca act specially exempting-cottage , rented w £ spmhed amount . By the general law , all JjZ ' liable to be rated ; aud where the liability S ' , means exist to enforce payment . * James Housi , vrHwmoEr .-KTe cannot answer Ins question , nor have we the means of reference
James Smbiibh , ivETrauNo . -lfthe landlord Kavcllim a receipt for the amount of rent due , on condiUon " he vacated the premises , ov on any other condition Z cannot now recover the amount . If he brings an action for the alleged debt , our correspondent must plead „„ ment , and put in the receipt as proof . Tim Unwed States . —AYc have been requested to » •„¦„ publicity to the following extract from the letter of a late sub-secretary of the National Charter Association now a settler in the state of Indiana , Borth America ' addressed to a Chartist friend at Hammersmith bnv ' ing date April 20 th , 1845 : — "It is now twelve months since I left England . I like this country as a residence far better than England . Thorc are none of those ,
parsons coming for tithes—no king ' s tax-gatWs to botlier you—no Poor Law commissioners to starve «» e people , as in England ; and since I have been here I have not seen a single beggar . The people here , who will work , can obtain work , and far better wages ttum iu England . The labourers are paid 75 cents , equal to 3 s . IJd . English money , per day ; and provisions arc cheaper . After I had been here a few weeks , I pur . chased eighty acres of land , forty acres of which are cleared , and under a good fence ; the other forty acves being thickly timbered with hickory , oak , beech , and maple . I have a good well of water , sixty-five feet deep , on the ground , well bricked up . I paid 750 dols . for the land and its appurtenances ; and lean make
double that sum of the timber , by cutting it up for fire , wood , and hauling it to Fort Wayne , the nearest town about one mile and a half distant , and which contains about 4 , 000 inhabitants , aud where tlie timber finds u ready sale . I can convey four loaOs there daily , When you reply to my letter , let me know how the Chartists are getting on ; and give my best respects to my Chavtist friends . We have three papers published here weekly—two Whig and one Democratic ( the ]' vn Wayne Sentinel ) , edited by a Jlr . Thomas Tigrc . Mv . self and the young man who came with me arc in oi . cellent health . We have not known a day's illness since we havo been in this country . My brother and a young man has just arrived quite safe from England , and are residinor here with me . "
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TO TDE MEMBERS AND FXIENDS OF THE CHA 8 TIST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETT . F » iES » s , We have to congratulate you upon the success which , in all probability , will crown our exertions in tUe prosecution of the Land plan , and to submit the- following observations for youv consideration and guidance . H herever a few friends reside , desirous of joining tlie society , let them meet together , elect a sub-secretary and treasurer ; and , if sufficient in number , a committee , to coasistof fvom five to nine persons . Let the sum of Is 4 d be then collected by the secretary from each person desirous of joining , and the money thus collected must be remitted to the General Secretary , 343 ) , Strand , who will turuish the parties with cards of membership , rules , ac count-book , bills for distribution , &c . One shilling of « w above will be a deposit on tho share . The wceklv subscnptions must afterwards be paid to the localtreasurcv .
who will remit them to the General Treasurer , in accord , auce with the rules . All reasonable and legitimate expenses for paper , postage , money orders , &u ., willbebonie by the directors ; the sub-secretary sending a monthly account ot the same to the General Secretary ; No extra expenses for advertising or meetings will be guaranteed , unless by express authority from the directors . The directors intend , as sucedily us circumstances will permit , to take a small but suitable office in the metropolis , ami to give increased publicity to the objects and proposals of the society . They also suggest the idea of ii cheap weekly publication , to be devoted to the interests , and to contain the monetary and other accounts of tlie society . In answer to various communications , they have to' statethat the first location will be essentially an experiment on two-awe allotments , which , from the evidence of Mr . u toniior and other practical men , they believe will be sufficient to maintain a family in comfoit ; but if cxnciisnoiuu
ence demonstrate its iusufliciencv , the size of the allotments m futw-e locations could , without aiiv disarrangement , he easily increased . Many-csuecia ' llv our Scotch brethrcn-liavo expressed a desire to hare " their allotments situated in the vicinity of each other . This would be impracticable , or nearly so , as the location would depend upon the chances of the lot : but in order to meet this , it could be arranged that persons desirous of forming a family or social locality could , wUeivtluij- Uwl town a pme , reserve their holding until their friends were equally successful , and the object would bu thus effected . Many persons willing and able to pay up their shares , after paying a lirst instalment , have stated their intention of paying up the remainder nt one payment , as soon as they sec a prospect of operations being commenced . This , " to sav tho least , is very unwise , and unjust to the society . If all acted upon this principle , tlie capital would never be sub . scribed . Let all who can , immediately nav tin their shares .
lhey will thus stand a better chance of an early location upon the land , and hold out a stimulus to their poorer brethren . Several questions liave lieen aslccdas to wliai would be done with the capital of £ 37 , 324 , the value of tin estate after tho tenth sale ; and strong wishes have too expressed ( from Coventry and other places ) that it shouk form a fund toward purchasing back the estates previously disposed of , thereby rendering them freehold , and serv ' t the double purpose of ensuring a vote for the couuty ( with out danger of the decision of the revising barrister ) ant also of relieving the tenant from the necessity of payinj the yearly rent of £ 5 . This could be easily effected by tin following process : At the tenth sale , 192 * o persons w ' ouli be located on 38 JG acres , on each paying £ 5 per annnn or rent : 745 of these acres would be the property of tin society—the remaining 8101 acres would have nveviousl ; been soldThe rent of the
. 740 acres would amount t < ± . 1861 yev annum , which , if allowed to accumulate , am expended at the end of every three years in purehasiii back these estates at the original cost , would in abou sixty-two years purchase back aud exempt from rent tin ever the 8101 acres previously disposed ot ; and accompa nymg cottages ; and it must be borne in mind that thi location of 1923 persons and possession of an estate pro ducmg an anuuai rental of £ 1861 in the period of abou four years , -would be the result of an original capital i £ 5000 : and if 6000 shares are subscribed for-of wbicl the directors have no doubt—they will produce a cap iti of £ 15 , 000 , aud realise results threefold more beneficial tha the above . Trusting that you will nobly exert yourselvc to procure this desirable result , I remain , yours truly , Thomas Martin Wheels * * Sccrotur !
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The Chairman of the society belonging to the fireescape here observed that he had attended ia order to ascertain the conduct of the man in charge , and what had fallen from the gentleman who liad last given evidence was quite sufficient to show that he had been a faithless servant . The chairman assured the jury that the man would be forthwith dismissed , aiid it was deeply regretted by him that any servant of the society should have been the occasion , by his negligence , of less lives behig saved . At the same time , it was gratifying to know that two lives had been preserved by the fire-escape . A desultory conversation ensued upon tills subject , in which the foreman remaiked that some persons refused to go for the tire-escape because the reward for fetching a fire-engine was greater . The Chairman assured Mm , however , that they rewarded as much for fetching one as the oilier .
i ' aul Croning , police constable 158 C , was next examined , and confirmed the evidence of Mr . Welbornc . A Juror observed that he thought Sir James Graham should be memorialised on this subject , and the whole facts of the case laid before him , that he might take the evidence into his serious consideration , that something might be done to prevent such dreadful loss of life in future . John Fisher , 48 C , was accordingly sworn . —He said : About twenty-five minutes to one o ' clock on Tuesday morning , the 27 th instant , I was on duty at tlie corner of Arlington-street , in Piccadilly , when my attention was drawn to some flames in the first floor window of Raggett ' s Hotel
1 ran up the street , and sprung my rattle several times , after which I went into the hotel , and met two or three persons briuging a female down staire . I ran «» on the first floor landingplace , which was all in flames at the time . 1 had just arrived when a female dressed in black came stumbling down the stairs , and when she got on the landing-place she fell down and cried out , " OI there are some more up staire . " I dragged her down to the street-door , and returned a second time , but the flames were so strong I was forced to go back . After tuat I went outside and held a ladder against the balcony , whilst two or three persons got down . 1 then took a cab and went for the County and King-street engines , and returned after sending two fire-engines . A gentleman from the lloyal Society for Providing escape for Persons at times of Fire , observed that Jic \ tas ? ery glad tbeinry had broujrlit this policeman
Uflder Ms UOtioc , for he would obtain a reward ftom ihe society for having preserved the life of a fellowcreature . It was the custom of the society to reward ali those who distinguished themselves on these awful occasions at the risk of their own lives . AH the evidence . having now been given , the jury unhesitatingly returned a verdict of—Accidental Death , adding , however , the following injunction , which they requested the Coroner to forward to the Home Secretary : — " The jury request that the Coroner be invited to call the special attention of the Home Secretary to the evidence given at the inquest , m order that GavevaineYitBir . v take some means of preventing in futnre such awful loss of life . " The Coroner assured the jury that their instructions should be attended to on the first opportunity , and after inspecting a variety of ingenious models of fire-escapes , the court broke up .
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What a fool and dotard this busy "lord" is ! Why will he so provoke the contest ? "Why docs he so urge the people to an examination of tlie origin of all law , all right , all possession , all property ? if he was ordinarily wise he would hold his tongue . At all events he would not refer the people to " Nature and Divine Providence . " Neither of these will serve his side of the question . He has more to lose than to gain by an appeal to that court . For his own ssike , and for the sake of his order , it would be well if Punch ' a suggestion could be acted on . That far-secing personage remarks that : —
There has been a deal of talk in the House of Commons about some new marine glue , which is so adhesive , that when two things have been joined together by it , it is impossible to separate them . If it were made into lipsalve , what a friendly present it would be to Lord Brougham ! Leaving those most concerned to deal with the " fantastical opinions" of their brother Peer as they deem best , whether in the manner Punch points out ,
or in the voting of him a bore and a nuisance , we conclude this notice of liia impious vagaries by chronicling the fact that his influence for evil seems to be fast waning away . Time was , when lie was Sir Oracle— ' ' philosophy" itself . A ow he is laughed at . Spite of his " fantastical opinions , " the Bill for protecting infants and females went into committee . In answer to the old dotard's ravings , the Duke of Buccleuch said : —
There were some parts of the process of calico-printing very injurious to health , in the washing and dying of cloths ; and he thought that sixteen hours'labour in one day was sufficient , without sitting up the whole night stitching pieces of calico together . Nothing had been said to induce him to alter his opinion , especially after the satisfactory manner in which the bill of last year had worked . The House of Lords generally seemed to think no
too : for the bill , with a few amendments , was agreed to ; and in n sliorb time it will he the law of the laud . Thus another move has been made in tho right direction . Tlic principle of protection and restriction has been applied to another class of workers : and tlie ( lay of success for the workers generally , on the question of short time , brought so much nearer : and this too in spite of "Philosophy" and " Philosophy ' s "
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THE CHURCH REALLY " IN DANGER . " Tins first portion of the fable of the Shepherd ' s Boy aud the Wolf has been so often realised in relation to the Church and threatened "danger , " that it is not at all unlikely that the latter portion will come true also , and poor Old Moihkr be left , in her day of real peri ! , without aid or help . The cry of " danger " has been raised so oft , and such cruelties and enormities practised by virtue of such " cry , " to avert the evil , that people have not only become indifferent to it , on the ground of apprehension to the "establishment" itself ; but actually rejoice when the cry of "danger" is set up , beeausc they know the day of real tribulation is at hand .
A very short time , and Om > Mother ceases to exist alone . For years past she has been in a sickly condition . Tlie measure of 1829 gave her " a physicking . " Repeal of the Church was the meaning of the Emancipation Act . The statesmen of the day denied this : but eveuts have proved the truth of the allegagation . Since that period the Penal Laws , passed to maintain ascendancy , have disappeared : and with these the principle on which the Church was founded was wholly given up . Coteinporaneously with this , we have had the project to endow another Church ! and we have that project ail-but the law of the land . The Maynooth Endowment Bill has " passedthe Commons ; " and has " passedthe Lords" also , on the second reading with the thumping majority of 157 !
It is well known that we are no admirers of either State Church No . 1 , or State Churck No . 2 . We are not in love with State Churches at all—and with , very few of the churches not connected with the State . We have done our best , in common with a great portion of the people , to prevent the Bill for endowing Church No . 2 from passing . We looked upon the church we had as one too many ; and we did not see how any man , recognizing the principle of voluntaryism , could do otherwise than oppose the new scheme . Our views and feelings on that head are just aa strong , or even stronger , than they were : and yet there liave occurred one or two things during the debate in the House of Lords which , if anything could , would have reconciled us to the project . For instance , the Bishop of London said : —
The endowment of two antagonist churches ( hear hear)—for antagonist ehurches they were in the strongest sense of the term ~( hear)—in the same country , seemed to / lirn to go a great way to the rejection and abandonmen t of the principle vihich alone justified the endowment of any ( hear ) and he believed that their lordships were in great danger by passing this measure of sanctioning a principle that would rivet upon the church a chaiu of evil from which they would not be able hereafter to set it free . ( llt > ar . ) 2 'fie consequence of this measure would be a severance of all connexion between the Church and State in Ireland , and , ht feared , at no distant period , in this country also . ( Hear . ) That was veiy dearly perceived by those in other
countries who 8 aw the strife that was now waging hero between principle and expediency . { Hear , hear . ) They were not blinded by those peraonal interests which were so apt to lead to error—they could take a calm survey of the consequents of this measure without looking to any great depth . As a proof of that , their lordships would permit him to read a passage from a paper published at Lausauue , in Switzerland , within the last fortnight , the editor of which was hostile to tlie principle of all religious establishments , and wlio therefore exulted at our recognising a principle which might lead to that result here This was the language whieh that writer held in the Anti-Jesuit of the l'Jth of May : — " We do not hesitate to
regard the bill which is about to pass into a law as one of the most important events in the history of England . Some few have said , but everybody has perceived , that this endowment is only a . preliminary measure . The endowment of a seminary will soon be followed by the endowment of the Catholic clergy . Svom that moment England may be considered as having adopted the principle of paying different forms of worship . But is the meaning of that principle understood ? To satoiT ; wore than one religion is , in fact , to recognise none . To pay a Catholic clergy while maintaining a Protestant church is to make a profession of indiffcrcntisin . It is to acknowledge indirectly the incompetence of the State to judge of religious truth ; in t : word , it is to renounce
in every way the principle of a national church . Vi ' q need not wonder that tho members of tho Anglican ciiurcli should be alarmed , and have covered the table of the house with their petitions . They comprehended instinctively that it was a question of life or death for the establishment . The bill will pass . The last hour has struck for that ancient system which connects itself with all the recollections of the country . It is / uttcn . We , v : ho have no great sympathy for State churches , see reason to rejoice at u' / iuf is happening in £ n < tland . When the State pajs several modes of worsliip it will soon come to pay none , " Now , that is not a very unphilosoiihical view of the subject . One thing is certain , that if we pay two churches , we shall have claims from more ; and if the
claims are preferred , as they are certain to be , what answer can be given to them ? And thus we shall in time have as many State churches as there are sects . This will not do ! Long before it comes to that , we shall have all the sects calling out for " no State Church at all . " In this they will have " good head j" 1 W already , in reference to only two Churches , the Earl of WiscmisEA has said : — He would raise bis voice to the very last against the measure , and he would fight it out . ( Rear , hear . ) Let not the lofty mitre be unfaithful to its high trust ; let not right reverend prelates abandon the sacred duty which they were now called upon to perform ; letthum " not de .
sertthi ! church , of which they were the honoured heads , in this the hour of its danger and distress . How could they ] or any of them , support a measure of this kiud without justly forfeiting the respect and esteem of the great body of the church of this country ? ( Hear , hear ) lie would joiuwith the right rev . prelate who had last spoken , and say , that rather than see the disgusting spectacle of a State endowment of two churches , HE WOULD RAISE His V 0 I 013 roil A SEVERANCE OP THE ESTABLISHED CHURCH 1 ? 11 O 11 THE STATE , new- would he eease his efforts until he had effected it . ( Hear , huar . ) This was a bold declaration , and their lordships might consider it so . ( Hear , hear . )
Has not the day of " danger reall y come ? Could it be more imminent ? The Endowment of Chuivli No . 2 is just upon completion : and thenceforth we shall have the Earl of Wincuilsea " raisiiv hia voice for a severance of Old Motueis from the State ' * —and he pledges himself before the country , that " he will not cease his efforts till he has accompli ' sheu ' Bucu purpose . He solemnly vows that "he will fight it out . " All power to his elbow , say we ! We have been almost t mpted to him Peei for ii . « troducing the Destructive measure' Let us hope
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RECEIPTS OF CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY , PER SECRETARY . SHARES . £ s . d . £ s d Leeds , perMr . BrookG 0 0 Mr . Isaac .. .. oil Lauibetn , per Mr . Mr . Parker , Coven . Dron .. .. 200 try .. Oil ^ "M- W jeeler 0 1 4 Lambeth , 6 shaves ft 7 8 5 ! " ° » & ^ l > eeler .. ° x * Isaac nollworth .. 0 1 1 £ ^ ° ' 5 £ " ° l i Dockheadmceting , Ditto , G . Burr .. 014 8 shares .. .. 010 S Longtott .. .. 030 Clock-house , 7 do . 0 9 4 Oxford , per Mr . City of London . 3 do . 0 4 0 Bwdgwater .. 080 Clock-house .. .. 070 James Smith .. 014 Soiners Town ,. 040 CABDS AND EULES . ^ edf 0 12 6 Mr . Patterson , for Preston .. .. 026 rules .. „ 0 1 fi Stratford-on-Avon 0 16 8 Dockhead meeting « S 8 Blackburn , per Mr . City of London , per Beesley .. .. 0 7 C Mr . Cover .. 0 0 10 M g Ti ° , " V ° 2 e Mr > feeler ( 16 Mr . Hopkins , Saf- single rules ) .. 028 fron-hill .. .. 030 / .. » * THOMAS MARTIN WUEELEB .
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< & , MONIES RECEIVED BY MR . O'CONNOR . CARDS . Ship Inn , Birmingham 0 10 i ) EDNCOMDE TESTIMONIAL . From Thomas Jameson o 1 f , From Potoveus , near Wakefitld , per John Inman 0 10 0 RECEIPTS PER GENERAL SECRETARY . SUBSCRIPTIONS , S- d . 6 . , 1 . Lambeth .. .. 0 C 0 Tonhridge Wells .. 0 4 S Brighton .. .. 030 South Shields .. 0 5 0 Preston , old locality 0 5 0 Southampton .. 033 LEW . Mauchester .. „ .. 2 0 0 CABDS . Hanky .. .. 086 South Shields .. 023 Longton .. .. 018 VICTIM FDSD . Southampton 0 19 BUNCOMBE TESTIMONIAL . Reading , per G . Wheeler 1 7 ID Alexandria , Mr . M'Intyre o 1 0 Mr . Millar , per Mr . Dear ' „ . ' o io t W . Salmon o 0 fl T . Salmon ., ., ] , . ! 0 0 6 Bristol , per T . Frankham .. „ \\ , ' , o 2 fl David Millar , tailor , and shopmates 0 , 'f » James Thompson , Calico-briilge , near OMliatn .. 010 Mr . leaver ' s book „ .. o 1 0 THOMAS MARTIN WHEELEH , Secretary .
U Setter* & Comspontitnts
U Setter * & Comspontitnts
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Fatal Colliery Accident . —On Saturday last fatal accident occurred at St . Helen ' s Auckland Co liery , by which a collier named Joseph Richardso was killed . The deceased had just commenced hi work , when a large stone fell from the roof andww « him on tho spot . On Monday an inquest was hew o t ic body boforo William Trotter , Esq ., coroner , an a verdict of accidental death was returned . The d < ceased was an untiring advocate of the rights of L bour ; and of him it may be truly said , that warmer heart death ne ' er made cold . "
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¦ 4 THE NORTHERN STAR June 7 i 8
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 7, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1318/page/4/
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