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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st June 1845, Edition 1 of 2, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      .- - THE EMIGRANT . ~ « sat alone in a trellise& bower And g 8 * ' * > er dark ' ning deep ; iad tie holy calm of that twilight hour game o er his heart like sleep ; » j , e dreamt of the "banks aud bonny braes , " f yit few * g Jsdden'd his childhood ' s early days . ' " ijxiihere alone in sadness he sat—He—a boy whose path had gone ffn the fields and flowers of joy , which fete , Ijte a mother , had smiled upon ¦ 15 thoug ht of the time whea his hopes had wines jdlBieinwJ to grief like a syren sings . His home had been on the stormy shore Of Albion ' s mountain land -.

      Qis ear was tuned to the breaker ' s roar Ana he lov'd the bleak sea-sand ¦ ' t the torrent ' s din and tfcc Iwwliug breeze , , 55 'daB his souls * wild sympathies . Xbej had toldhim talss of the sunny lands That rose over Indian seas , trhsrc gold shone sparklicg from rirer sands And strangefrnits bent the trees . ' jjjy hadlurea him away from his childhood ' s hearth , Tahiti tones of love , and its Toice of mirth . Sow die fruit , and the river gems were near Auahe stray'd ' neath a tropic sun ; Bat the voice of promise that thrill'd ' in his ear At that joyous hour was gone is , j the hopes he had chas'd ' inid the hush of night s , 3 pas = a away like the firefly ' s light .

      He murmur'd not , but the bi g tear roll'd From his eye with feverish start Consumption ' s hectic plague-spot told The tale of a broken heat : «* , boy knew he was dying , but the sleep Ofdeath is bliss unto those who weep . 0 ! alone he stood , garing long , Where the homeward vessels lay Chasing sad thoughts with some old song , And wiping his tears awav ; H the heart thatlay inhis weary breast . &B the dove of the deluge , pin'd for rest . He died ; but memory ' s wizard power , With its ghostlike train , had come To his dark heart ' s ruins in that last hour

      , And he murmur'd , "Ilame , home , home . ' " izi his spirit passed , with a happy dream , &C a bird in the track of a bri ght sunbeam . ' 0 ! talk of spring to the trampled flower Of light to the fallen star ; Of ? lorv to those who in danger ' s hour Lie < -old on the field of war : 5 C . « u ' . «« . k the exile ' s breast when ye tell in - alight but she dome where it loves to dwell . GEOBGE S . ND 3 SET

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      THE TRAVELLERS' MAGAZINE No IJcse . Lwwion : T . C . Newby , 72 , Mortimer street , ( . aveudish-square . This is a new candidate for public patronage . The f ollowing from the prospectus will explain the -views of its projectors : — ? r » un ; : ng our title suffideiitl y explains the nature of as periodical , without further exordium , we wUl briefly dnlare our intentions : —To publish , on the first of every w . ntb , a magazine , through the pages of which anew and direct line of communication between travellers abroadtrsveUt-K at home—the " uttermost parts of the earth "sn 3 our own firesides , will be established . Being well s * are of the lively interest with which the public regard tin peregrinations of our travellers , from "Indus to the

      Pole , and how deeply the periodical press is indebted to toilers for the most interesting papers published , we are anm « .-u to iliiik that amidst the full tide of periodicals rejoicing under various titles—the organs of society or . ; jt—there is not one magazine upon which a traveller can boiaiy lay hand and say , "Here ' s a page for me . " Asi so ftmly do we feel convinced that such a periodical i = actually rciuired , that even now , at the eleventh hour , «• resolve to start " The Travellers' Magazine . " It will contain reviews , notices of such new works as we consider Kortliy of attention , and any information we may deem iaser ..-5 tin » ana useful to young , anfl perhaps to old travelers . V . ' azn-ere consider ho » Tiar our national prosperity has advanced , and is still advancing , let us candidly arknowlc < ige how much we are indebted for the position »« hoH among the nations of the earth , to the travellerthe enterprising British traveller—braving dangersseaming privations and difficulties innumerable

      esploriaj new realms hitherto deemed barbarous , inaccessible , or corked upon the map of the world as unknown . The opening address is on the subject of languages , lowing the necessity of some one universal language being adopted by all nations—first , in addition to , and finally to supersede tlie discordant tongues which now divide mankind . The writer shows that tbe idea commonly entertained that a knowledge of (¦ ' reach will be quite sufficient to conduct the traveller at least through Europe is erroneous , for that even in Spain , Portugal , and Bavaria , the French language is understood but 3 > y very few of the inhabitants of t ' uose countries ; and that in Austria , Hungary , and otlier countries French is hardly more known than English . He states that "it is a fact * that ever sines the high and palmy days of . Napoleon ' s rule the French language has been on the wane , and decreases in Europe daiTv . " lie

      remarks—The contusion of tongues has , from the earliest ages , been the greatest barrier between the savage and civilised man , and to this day it is a stumbling-Mock in the path of thephilnuthropist—a pitfall at thefeet of the politician—a chilling iceberg before the traveller ; still we are firmly convinced that the day is not far distant when all those barriers which obstruct the free intercourse of nation with nation aud man with man will cease to exist To accomplish this end he proposes the following rian : — Let new schools , new colleges , new institutes , be established throughout the land ; invite professors , and teachers , and masters of every language to reside under their roofs . Let the youth of this generation and the wing generation acquire those languages , and , that

      difficulty being overcome , convoke a solemn assembly , call together the wise men , grammarians , writers , and readers , from the north , south , east , and west , to London or Paris , or Berlin , or Vienna , and let those wise men confer toge ther and finally frame a new language , destined to ba » me the universal language of all men of every caste , colour , and creed , upon the earth . Let the new universal language be acquired in our new schools and colleges ; let teachers and missions be scut to all lauds , so that every people may acquire the universal language ; and thus a great and wonderful change in the condition of man will te brought about . For when the veil of ignorance fells from the eyes of the savage he will perceive that he is asked , and hasten to clothe his outward and his inward man ; and the calling yoke of despotism , and

      superstition , and bigotry drops from the necks of every people , "hen they look upon the broad banner of a freepresi . These are the right sort of views to enunciate at starting ; they show that the Travellers'Magazine , although non-political , will take its place as one of the pioneers of the army of " progress . " But mil those views be ever realised ? We have a fervent faith that they will ; but we fear the day that will see that realisation U distant . One thing a certain , that if the priests can help it , tliatday will never come . Should the suggestion above made e ? er be attempted to be ca : ried out , the priests of all denominations will be sura to ri -e against it m nume AH the old fudge about the Tower of Babel will be appealed to for proof that the scheme is "impious " and "blasphemous : " future Ixouses and

      O'Cossms will combine to denounce it as a " gigantic ; scheme of godless education ; " and there will be no lack of imitators of " John of Tuam" and his worthy colleagues , to exclaim that religion will be lost it knowledge be once allowed lo take the place of ignorance . "We blame governments for not leading the nations over which they rule in the path of improvement ; but may it not sometimes be the case that Ministers of State would do more for mankind than they now dare to do , if they were unshackled and freed from priestly and aristocratical influences ? 11 We will place at your command the means of acquiring knowledge , " say the present Government of these islands to the Irish ; adding , " we will meddle act with the faith of any sect , only taking care that

      tie teachers we pay out of the funds supplied by all , sliall not be made the instruments of proselytising for any particular sect , or sects at all . " Here is a proposition , just , rational , and right : an honour to t ' ae Government matin-, - it , "So ! " bellows the Catholic nriests , " we will have none of your unsectanan education . Give us the colleges ; give us the Qonev ; let i « appoint the teachers , and we will take care that the waters of knowledge shall only pass tltrough our priestly sieves . If so , well ; but it not so . then « ar to the knife with the Saxon ! Down ~ * Hhhis ' intriguing , ' ' corrupting , ' ' godless , inn-< H' ' anti-national / ' anti-Catholic * scheme ! - After this exhibition , will any sane man venture to

      toil us thattlic priests are changed ?—that they arc « 3 t still the intolerant bigots , the grasping , liberty-I'tisecutin ? , knowledge-hating set they ever were ? k has been the fashion of late years to teach the doctrine trat capitalists and money-mongers are the fl % real , or it least , the only formidable enemies of Kferty attdthciishtsofman . Yfretched delusion ! The fowerbf thciaonevocracy , aswell as the powerofkings aud aristccraisis ' builttlpon , and exists through the 'SMrawe of the millions . That ignorance is perft ' tustci ! bv prcstcraft : and the priests areevery-* nere the arch-enemies and the untiring conspirators gainst the enlightenment of the many . Therefore ** tliey -Jic most formidable enemies of freedom , ^ ud form &e jj 10 st difficult barrier to the progress ol mankind .

      . To return to the Travellers' Magazine . We have « this number several most interesting and amusing P !« rs , some complete , more to be continued , Ibese ^ re adventures and scenes in Belgium , Syria , Arabia , ' -ouisia ta , Italy , Demerara , and Australia ; together *» th notices of several new works , foreign correspondence , « ic . Many of the contributors are well «« 5 ntoi ! ie reading world as writers of first-rate Mflhty ; and so far as we have the ' mcans of judging

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      ' — ^^^^^^^^^ SS 5 B 8 K * "** . •••« « . ta not ¦ Js MSftsw-ass- * - * M —

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      \ Tn p , BOXING IRELAND . Sir TV / ^ nchJ ! ° £ **• Davis W * XatiaiJ . WETS ? CU 8 t 0 m ^ . V 16 British Pi ^ gives us eave to address great public character ! . Any day in the week you may read specimens of « uch letter ? which a regard for the national welfare induces !? dividual patriots to send forth . Thus U 52 fflSt STiS ?* ^ ? * M »«* ni » Grace ' s concurrence Mr \ i ] ^ t *? Duke of Grafton = thus dS SSL ^^ ' f erday address the Cuke of iS ^ 1 thus wcelcly abnost Lord John m- Sir i » ShS ^ ? olitical auth 0 % ' ^ avours , pertlie Dispatch newspaper , andsiened bv trSZ ^ J ? ^ - tte ' same S let ^ vrii ^ r ^ Cx f l mu > r - to . - 'PProach it now hrtt DaV 1 S l , T ? ^ ver heard until « f S ° S to thc , grcat , ? der of the Irish nation . vn ,, r w "Tr lwMd ° l » eMM * until I found in your last week ' s paper that you were the man . The pathetic row between yourself and O'Connell you describe as 'the greatest peril the Association ever knew Had there been a collision , you sav that i iorces

      ne would not have been unmatched . Extreme language was used , ' you add , ' and some ot it to ws . Now the extreme language was used to Davis : therefore Davis is the NaUon newspaper : therefore a row with Davis was the greatest peril the Association ever knew : and therefore , your forces not being unmatched with Dan ' s , you are equal S that il ustnous leader . Allow me , as a ^ ff to congratulate you upon this prodi gious elevation you iare attained-a position which has never before been achieved by a literary man . Ivor is it likely that a man of your genius will stop at mere equality . You aud Dan onlv meet to repeal the Union : Aat point gained , youg " ive pretty broad hints you will leave the Liberator behind borne Repealers think , ' you say , 'that Repeal is , vMer no circumstances , worth a drop of human blood } inatsanint at Dan ' s unreasonable squcaniislinesa . Others . you say 'have no particular objection to uc sacrifice of hie ; ' and you call people

      upon your organise' at some not distant anniversary , and to separate only in triumph . " Fools that English statesmen are , aud ignorant of the state of affairs in Ireland ! It is Dan we fkne v is still regnant . We don't know that you have come quietly m and deposed Mm . ' How the deuce shall we appease the old fellow ? says Peel to me . ilow the dickens , Duke , are we to satisfy him ?' says I to an illustrious warrior . We are all tbinkin ' " about O'Connell , wken-fiddle-de-dee-the pea is not underthatthimblelatall . ItisnolongerDan , but Davis ! ^ or can the country be sufficientl y admired and complimented which has chosen you for its leader , lour pretensions for it and yourself are so moderate —your schemes of Government so wise , practical , and sound . Smce the time of Marat , there has not been a statesman like you . It is quite agreeable to think tue great philosopher has not lived in vain , and to contemplate the Christian beauties of your political scheme . r

      .. } ^ yanted to have been present myself at the Martyr s Levee , and had ordered a new suit of green and gold for the occasion ; but somehow , when I cametoputiton , the people here laughed at me . Judy quizzed my foraging-cap ; my dog Toby snarled and bit at the gold lace on my legs ; and as for the coat , tound the collar of it so uncommonly ti » ht aud choaky about the throat that I couldn't help thinking—well , never mind what . I sold the things a bargain to Madame Tussaud , and they are to MUre in tho patriot room betwixt the immortal lhistlewood and the spotless victim of Charlotte Corday before-mentioned . Well , the Martyr ' s Levee has passed off brilliantly enough without the presence of Mr . Punch at the Rotunda ; but grander than the Rotunda , or Dan in his chair ; or the ' bugles of the people ; ' or the countless millions marshalled to welcome then : martyrs ; is your article in the Nation . "Be dad , dear sir , it beats everything—it beats Dan ' s best . « We had , ' say you , ' the elements of n

      JNational Convention , whose taxes thc people would pay ; round whose war-flag the people would rally ; who could negotiate , legislate , battle and triumph !' We matt do all this , say you , but we don't choose it . Davis lets off the Imperial Government just at present . Thank Heaven we have breathing-time ! " 'The garrison of Dublin , ' you go on to say , ' was paraded . Its cartridges were ready , its battalions concentrated , to meet unarmed citizens . Viceroy of the Alien ! your precautions were cowardly . ' This is not merely fine eloquence , but very noble courageous conduct , too . I like the spirit of the fellow who goes m m a soldier , and shakes his fist in the tyrant ' s face , > VPinimin « .. . . < y » n i ! n «<«~ J lv , Ann . ""* ! YOU arnipd ruftian ! you miserable bully ! 1 could tlu-aslv . ^ i liked , but I don ' t choose ; ' for though the soldier has precise orders not to move out of his place , yet it is evident ho might move , the blood-thirsty assassin ' . — and what right has he to be interposing his great bayonet and cartouche-box in the society of peaceful

      men ? "That you are peaceful there can be no doubt . For , though you say you might set up a war-flag , and levy taxes , yet you don't—and though you say ' 0 , men of Ireland , will you not unite , organise , and meet us at some not distant anniversary to separate only in triumph . ' Yet , have us fixed that anniversary ? No ; and it is manifestly gross cowardice to prepare against it . Though yeu call the Lord Lieutenant 'Viceroy of thc Alien , ' which means that the Queen is an alien , yet , does it follow that you are disloyal ? lie is an oppressor , tyrant , rascal , liar , blood-thirsty murderer—Saxon , in a word—who says so .

      " Ah ! dear sir , don't fancy we are at all indifferent to your wrongs . Europe must contemplate with horror the atrocious tyranny under which you labour . Three or four hundred thousand of you can't meet as in other countries , and hurl defiance at an iniquitous government—but troops must get ready their cartridges forsooth ! You can't make little attempts to disunite the empire , but some of you are clapped into prison . Every nation and every regular Government in Europe must look down with profound pity upon this tremendous oppression , and join with you in your appeals for liberty . That appeal , by thc way , is perhaps the richest morceau ol all : " ' 0 liberty , liberty ! for which Sarsfield fought , and Tone organised ! Liberty gained at Clontarf and

      Dungannon—lost by division—come , come quickly , we are atliirst for freedom ' . ' " pome quickly , thou celestial nectar-bearer ; Mr . Davis , of the Nation , is thirsty ! and what is the draught to sooth his parched vitals?—no half-andhalf liberty—no small-beer freedom . Mr . Davis likes a rosier liquor . He means llood . '—out with the word at once . Every man has Ms taste ; and why baulk this Christian philosopher ? This Protestant logician wants back the liberty which Sarsfield fought for—beiHg neither more nor less than James the Second . This peaceful leader wants the liberty for wliich Tone organised . Mild word ! Tone

      organised the Croppy and Tory cut-throats ; he ' organised' the Catholic pikes which massacred at Wexford ; and the Protestant torches which fired the hospital at Enniscorthy : he ' organised' a French invading army , which was to bring freedom in its train , as is the wont of French armies to do : and he ' organised' thc slaughter olthirty thousand men in Ms country by pike and gun—the horrible and unheard-of tortures—the bigotry , ruffianism , and cowardice—the lies and treason—and that legacy of hatred which a dying war always leavesbehinuit , and wMch great spirits , like that of Davis , are eager to share .

      "If your darling Napoleon , in whose camp Tone ' organised , ' had been brought over to Ireland by that skulking martyr , it is possible that the country would not have enjoyed its monster meetings ; that Mr . O'Connell would not have been allowed to levy his rent , or to wear his Irish crown ; and that we should have lost that inestimable benefit—the pleasure of reading the Nation newspaper . " What would have been your vocation then , and what the bent of your sublime genius?—but why ask ? Mr . Davis , of the Nation , was not born then . Mr . Davis is a young gentleman , no doubt , who was not breeched very long before the passing of thc Catholic Emancipation Act . The leader who is to measure strength with O'Connell has not had a beard very long ; aud began t :-. shave a good forty years after Tone , the organiser , had used his last razor . But why meddle with eilm-d tools?—it ' s dangerous work !

      " In the mean time , and until young Davis has j mastered old Dan , let us see fairly the state of tilings : j —The Irishmen assemble by millions , and the British ' tyrant does nothing . O'Connell reigns and levies tax , and the British tyrants let him . ' Davis calls the Queen an alien ; the army cowards ; instigates ' triumph '; has no objection to blood ; incites , infuriates , simple folk ; and the British tyrant has not a word to fling at Mm . If Ms eloquence should bring about commotion , be the blood on the British tyrant ' s head , not on Davis ' s . I feel assured that tMs is the feeling of every just man in Europe ; and that all governments admire your orderly spirit , would court your peaceful alliance , applaud thc infallible means by wliich you would secure your national prosperity , and detest the monstrous despotism which bows your meek spirit down .

      " Farewell , dear Sir . Continue to rouse patriotism , and to benefit your countiy . It is a sweet place now ; but , ah ! what a Paradise it will be , if you can realise your delightful plans regarding it \—Punch .

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      slSsSit ^ r ? farms on the estates ofiW , ? ° /^ f n ! odel Slaithwaite in Vn . f i , ? - rl ot Dartmouth at bourne , ilurd . An industrial school farm at Slaithi ° ' i Fm '• Several P » vatemodelfarmsnea the sameplacc lheconsecutive operationsinthesGrfinn ^ ;

      mil enaoie tne eurwus reader to compare the cUmate llS r 7 M ' alue ? f ^ ? outh A " the "" Si 3 ¥ f , l J | i + ? » aM fd by "Notesand Observations from the pen of Mr . Nowell , calculated for the time and season , which we subjoin . . " ™ e « is « t num-thc greatest phitowpL «* -after in vain seeking for happiness in every variety of pursuit have fomuHtinthe cultivation of the grou 'S fimrSWt ' 1 "ne iBSSHf ^ -- "

      amgnmwme voys , and one-menth to the master xvhl will receive the usual school fees , helv the bom m ! w tivate their land , and teaih ^ taZio ft ' o reading , writing &c , to convert their tZTcTinfo bacon , by attending to pig-keeping , which Tcia-Z mas may be divided , after paying rm and t amongst them in proportion to their services and bemadethmndirectli / to reach thei ^ arents in ' a wav the most grateful to their feelings . ] *

      SUSSEX . Monday . —Vfflmnim School . Boys rolling and harrowing ground for swede turnips ; a little shower . Eastdean ^ School . Boys hoeing potatoes and turnips , gathering weeds from the rows for the pigs . Piper . Djgging tare ground . Dumbrell Tliatch-^ ing hay stack . Tueshay—Willingdon School . Boys drilling in swede turnip seed . Easukan School . Boys hooin " , digging , gathering roots and stones , breaking clods . thper . Clcanine nitreerv . removing ilnmr fn Hip

      mixeii . Dumbrell . Digging and drilling turnips , watering , gathering tare stubble for the cows to lie upon . Wednesday— Willingdon School . Boys drilling swede turnip seed . Eastdean School . Hoys dicging , mixing tank liquid with mould , and putting it into tlie drills , and sowin g white turnips . Plner . Turning the niixcn . Dumbrell . Digging , drilling turnips , watering , collecting stubble for cows to lie on . luunsDAY— Willingdon School . Boys doing the same as yesterday ; another little shower . Eastdean School . Boys digging , planting cabbages , bearing manure , and watering them . Piper . Digging tare ground . Dumbrell . Digging tare groundcuttin

      _ , g off turnip seed pods . ° FniDAY—HWftnjjtfoH School . Boys digging in swedes . Eastdean School . Boys planting , and manuring cabbages . Piper . Digging . Dumbrell . Digging up ( tare ground . Saturday— Willingdon School . Boys sowing white turnips , on failure of mangel wurzol crop . Eastdean Scltool . Boys planting cabbages , weeding lucerne , cleaning pails , piggery , and school-room . l ' iper . Hoeing potatoes , studying how to get manure for next wheat season . Dumbrell . Wheeling out manure , sowing turnip seed in the tare ground for second crop .

      YORKSHIRE . Slaithvaite School . Ten boys digging up tare ground , gathering roots . C . Varley , preparing ground for cabbages , manuring for swede turnips , digging , transplanting swedes , earthing potatoes . COW-PEEDINO . " ( ViUing don School . Cows stall-fed on tares and clover Dmnlrell ' s . Two cows stall-fed with tares . SlaWnvaite School . Cows stall-fed on tares and rye . C . Varley ' x . Cows stall-fed on peas and grass .

      NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS . The Cow in Harness . —Jesse Piper ' s arguments in favour of it . — " "' As I am myself a cripple , and can draw none so , by learning her to draw , she performs my part . Some persons may say , does it not hurt the cow in her milk ? In the way that I do it , on the contrary , it does her good , for I never let her do a strike of work without paying her well for it . It would be a very hard thing if I could not afford her sixpennyworth of food , when she earns me two shilling ^ and that she will ; do in two hours ; then , it I had not got thc cow to doit , I must have hired a man , who would expect two shillings per day , and he could not in the whole day draw up as much manure as my cow in two hours . " M . Valcourt . in

      reference to this subject , says—In the French translation of the essay I have just read with much interest , I find Mr . Blacker has touched the target at the circumference ,-but not at the centre , point blank ; he has only glanced at half the advantage to fcJ&yS ^ . TsS a ftisf * nW ? dung is still greater ; but thc tMrd—winch Mr . Blacker has not mentioned—is the labour , though moderate , which the cow performs when harnessed with a collar—not with a yoke ; for two cows , harnessed either abreast or one before the other , will draw Ma horse hoe . Ms harrow , Ms roller , or dungcart . A cottier who has only four , or even three acres , will have plenty of fodder for two cows in the stable

      to do his tillage , and draw his manure , his crop , and his firing . Mr . Blacker will see , in the east and south of France , cows thus harnessed . In the south they arc all yoked ; but in the east and in my province of Lorraine they have only a collar , which answers much better . It is true that a cow which works constantly eight or nino hours a day , stops giving milk ; but provided she works only from two to four hours a day , and that not every day , and that she is well fed , she will give almost as much milk as if she did not work at all ; and she will give more milk after having a day ' s rest : and a cottier who has only four acres will not have occasion to employ two cows daily . When a pony rests , it does not bring any thing in ; whereaswhen a cow restsits

      , , milk increases . It lias been observed in Lorraine , that cows are more active than oxen ; and that , harnessed with collars , they walk as quick as horses , f he cottier , when he sees the work two young cows can do when kept in the stable all thc year round , will take care to provide plenty of good nourishment for them both winter and summer : for when poorly fed , they neither can work well nor give plenty of milk or manure ; and a cow , with a suitable saddle , can carry considerable weight—for their legs are short and thick , and their spines strong . But , to feed cows well , the cottier must , as soon as he has a yard of ground vacant , dig it , manure it , and transplant on it ( summer or winter ) cabbages or other plants , according to the season ; and , at the same

      time , as much care must be taken of the dunghill as of the cow—for manure is the foundation of all productive agriculture in Europe . For tMs reason the cottier ' s wife should let notMng be lost which can increase the dunghill . The children of the cottier , as soon as they can walk , should be accustomed to carry something to the dunghill j it would be an occupation for them * , and they should bo praised , and told— " You have worked well ; here , my child , is the best notatoe for you , because you brought enough to bring up four potatoes . " And let every child hiive its own bit of garden . The Cottager ' s Pet , or Pic—Of a pig , the first fruits or product of the allotment garden , it is the

      fasluon among political economists to speak in terms of disparagement . Now whatever might bo the superior profit to the cottager of saving the money wMch fie spends on his pig , and buying his bacon in the market , this , as it never has been and never will be so saved , we may dismiss . In the mean time , his pig , besides its usefulness , is also a real pleasure to him . It is one of his principal interests in life . He makes sacrifices to it , He exercises self controul for its sake . It prevents him living from hand to mouth , stupidly careless of the future . I am persuaded that a greater act of cruelty could hardly be perpetrated than the discountenancing of this practice , or rathei amusement and enjoyment among the poor . —&V // Doyle « Report .

      tiEiD Gardening at Suithwaite . — The Sussex returns have been instrumental in producing the following surprising results in a single year . F . Thynne , bsq ., m awarding the Earl of Dartmouth ' s prizes to the field gardeners , said he gave with the greatest pleasure the first prize ever distributed there for spade husbandry . He awarded it to John Sykcs for wheat , who , although the place where it ' was grown was lately an old stone quarry , yet he had , by his industry , raised from a quarter of an acre 74511 ) 3 ., which was equal to 2 , 980 B > s ., or six quarters and two bushels ( 601 b . to the bushel ) to the acre , and all this was accomplished by the spade ! 1 To John Bamford he awarded the second prize , whose produce was fortysix bushels to the acre , and , considering the situation | of his land , was quite equal te that of the successful j competitor for the first prize . The third candidate I 1

      was u varley , whosoproduce averaged forty bushels to the acre . James Bamford had , during the year , raised two crops . On one plot of ground peas ' and beans mixed had been sown for soiling in March and April , which were cut in July , and produced thirty tons to the acre of green food . Turnips were then sown , which were in part gathered under his own , inspection that day , and weighed , yielding , oncalcu-! ation , ten tons of bulb and twelve tons of top , and ; better turnips he had never seen . At Farnley Tyas 1 he said it gave him sincere pleasure to award thc ' p rize to a hard working labourer , Daniel Wood , who ! had produced 210 &s . ofpotatoes from a single rod ol 1 land worked by the spado . Mr . Bamford produced , his balance sheet , worked out in a very superioi . manner , from which it appeared that this extraor dinar } - quantity of labour bestowed upon the law

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      will decidedly pay . It was proved in the clearest manner , that m an unfavourable season like thc last the labouring man may secure his 2 s . perdav , besides a moderate profit at the end of the year . This is more than corroborated by Mr . Thornton ' s experience on empto ying the paid labourer at his model farm at iaddock , near Huddersfield , and after tlie most careful and rigid investigation . Hence it follows , that the land may most safely be made use of as a savings bank for labour , and a secure refuge for unemployed manufacturers .

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      thi ^" fw q ? NATOffl . Tho beautiful statue of JJL Gw * Slave , " by Mr . Power , has excited such universal admiration , that a companion to it , we understand , will shortly bo exhibited by the same artist under the title of " The American Slave . " It is the figure of a negro , with his hands fastened with a cham , on the manacles of which is cut the American Lagle . Round his back is wrapped the national flag , on which the stripes are conspicuously displayed . The crouching attitude of thc figure is most wonderfully depicted , but the statue is most to be admired for its powerful truth and unaffected simplicity . We have been assured by gentlemen , who have had opportunities of judging by frequent visits to the Land of Liberty , that they have never seen anything so wonderfully tructo nature . —Punch . The Irish Martyrs . —O'Connell and his brother martyrs have experienced the most touching proofs

      ot tue sympath y of their countrymen . As mementos ot what the martyrs suffered whilst in gaol , they have received from various parts of Ireland everything to eat and drink . There is no doubt that whilst in prison , much of their martyrdom , like that of St . Lawrence , came from a gridiron . —Ibid . Wit oi' the House of Lords . —When Brougham the other ni ght attacked the Duke of Newcastle for interrupting the Duke of Wellington in his speech mi the Maynooth Bill , Lord Lyndhurst tagged Brougham familiarly by the skirt ot the coat , observing " JScwcastle is warm ; he is flaring up : don't add fuel to the fire . "— " 1 can't help it , " replied Brougham .- " My dear fellow , " continued Lvndhurst , adding fuel to the fire is in this case literally taking coals to Newcastle . " The joke was too powerful for Brougham to resist ; so he laughed , and sat down . — Ibid .

      Iiie Ruling 1 ' assiox . —The lawyers have had a part of Liucoln ' s-inn-squarc laid out as a garden : simply bcAiusc , .-is lawyers , they like to make ths most of ull that ' s green . —Bid . OS AN M . r . WUO RECENTLY COT 1118 ELECTION AT TUB SAClttl'ICE OF HIS POLITICAL CHARACTER , His degradation is complete , His name with loss of honour branding : When he rcsolv'd to win his scat , lie literally lost his standing .

      PARLIAHENTARY DEBATES . Our fathers fought to publish thc debates , And thought in that to gain a bit of freedom ; But now their sons have lost it to the states , By making them a deal too long to read ' em ! A Double Imposition . —At the recent Oxford com * memoratioi ) , the Rev . Mr . Sewell , on the " ecclesiastical anti quities of Ireland , " observed that the celebrated stone in the coronation chair at Westminster Abbey is an imposture , it is only a copy of tho original stone on which the Irish kings sat , and which Mr . Sewell said was still on Tara-Mll . Very possibly Mr . O'Connell sat upon the genuine stone on thc occasion of his monster meeting . If such was the case , it proves cluaily that in England an impoaturo has been put upon the public , and in Ireland a " great impostor" has been put upon the stone-Great dun .

      A Feeling Observation . —His Grace of Newcastle declared in thc House of Lords , during the debate on the Maynooth grant , that the measure , if carried , wouldaffcet the " right of succession . " Thisisyery true ; for if , on the Maynooth bill thc Ministry had been thrown out and a Tory Cabinet formed , the Lord of Clumber might have succeeded the present Premier , although such an occurrence would not be very probable . Petticoat Tactics . —An ex-sergcant of the Guards advertised last week for employment to drill a ladies ' school . The conjunction of Mars and Venus within the precincts of thc schoolroom might cause some embarrassment to Mrs . Backboards . At all events

      she had better keep her " eyes right , " and her pupils in " close order , " or some fine morning they may " march" without her " word of command , " and take thc route to Gretna in quick time . Doctors Differ . —The state physicians do not agree in their prescriptions for Ireland . The May . nooth plaster , says Doctor Peel , is the soothing system , and will conciliate the excited patient . Doctor Wellington has reduced Mm , as the hero of Waterloo says , to the last stage of weakness by removing all the inflammatory symptoms , and now the weak must not be persecuted . '• The Irish are too strong , let us not provoke them , " cries out Peel . " The Irish are utterly prostrated , let us be generous , " cries out tha duke .

      Fortdnate Escape . —His Royal Highness Princ * Albert was on Monday week conducted by thc Lord Mayor and Aldermen to Bridewell . As there was no jnojjifirt cJiaroft xTa . uioht . ijo winro to warrant b' » detention , lie was speedily liberated . Merem- a Suggestion . —Would it not bo » propot ot bir R . Peel , who has aliown himself so expert at Haying thc public with his income-tax , to become a member of the Honourable Company of " Skin-Rather Doubtful , —The repeal of the auction duties is said to be producing a sensible effect upon the trade of auctioneering . We cannot well understand how this can be , unless auctioneers' heads are thicker than other people ' s , since the knocking-dowa system is more calculated to produce a " senseless " effect .

      Arch-ery . —London and Waterloo Bridges were highly vexed when they heard that suicides were about to brmgHungeribrd Suspension into fasluon . No wonder their jealousy should be aroused at a rival who could gratify the taste for suspension and drowning at the same time . The Cotton-spinner in Disguise . —All declare Peel sustained his character at her Majesty ' s ball better than any otlier gentleman . No doubt he did , and it is not at all surprising , considering the extensive practice he has had in making himself appear what he really is not . A Two-hundred Pound Character !—The Duke of Brunswick was awarded damages last week in the Sheriff ' s Court against the Lancaster Guardian for libel . The jury considered the character of his Serene (?) Highness to be worth £ 200 . Rather a li ght character tliis—for the claimant to a throne .

      Bal Costume . —It appears , by some of our contemporaries , to be considered an act of amazing condescension in her Majesty to wear at the bal costume a dress of British manufacture . It may certainly be most gracious on her part to take anything from John . Bull beside his money ; but as a heavy blow and great discouragement to our delight at witnessing some sign of a rising feeling in favour of the manufactures of her native country , we find that the dress was made and supplied by Vonillon and Laure , so that tho lion ' s share of the money was appropriated to foreigners . We suppose that among the "distressed English needlewomen" none could be found deserving oi the patronage of her Majestv . « 5 , : „ „ r i , k i

      Judicial Irreverence . —The late Chief Commissioner of Bankruptcy , Sir C . F . Williams , was noted for his shallowness of intellect and egotism . Upon ono occasion a witness , who presented himself to be sworn , stood in a careless , lounging attitude , where * upon the little great man bouncingly exclaimed , " Sir , your position is neither respectful to me nor to youc Absence of Mind . —A man on board a steam-boafc , intending to step up to the captain ' s office and pay his fare , stepped up to a young widow and began to pay his addresses to ner . "AWiFEfo a Blessing . "— " Wife ! why in the name of goodness did you not make the washerwoman put starch in my shirt-collar ? " " Wh y , my dear , " said the wife , " I thought it a useless waste of the article , for I can get your choler up so easy without it !" . * ° ' y C [ ( > ( ! \ '

      Removed from Danger . —At a late railway explosion , tlie fireman was the only one who escaped ; he was blown so far from the place that he was completely out of danger . A Stomacher for Swiss Patriotism . —The Sw \ S 3 Diet , during the late civil war in Switzerland , found great difficulty in quelling the lawless fanatics . A correspondence has since been earned on between the Swiss Diet and the Poor Law Commissioners at omersct House-resulting in an arrangement to put the Poor Law Diet in operation at any future disturbance , which will , we have no doubt , spcedilv " » ut doivn" any riotous feeling . Irish Wit .- " Arrah ! my hoy , and what might * they have axed ye to ate ? " exclaimed one Irishman

      to another as he came out of a railway committee . room , where he had been to give evidence . ' Nothir ie at all . This is not thc Rump Parliament , any hoy , " A Roaring Orator . —Mr ! President , I shall " noV remain silent , sir , while I have a voice that is nc- » dumb in this assembly . The gentleman , sir , ca nnot expostulate this matter to any future time f'Lt ;» more suitable than now . He may talk , sir , ofX Herculean revolutions , where republics ar . imr into Arctic regions , and the works of cen' uriM ™» refrigerated to ashes-but , sir , we can te )' i him {« a « fatigably , that the consequence therefw m ¦ Z tS subterranemisl y by the everlasting r aS ? c 2 f tended tor thereby , can no move sink * tKS ««?" than can the roar of Nigary rojuver ? c ™ s j £ walls , or the howl of tho midnight wLtT a * * the marb ^ tatue into ice . V ^ SX ^

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      Untitled Article

      INDUSTRIAL FARMS AND COTTAGE ALLOTn . MENTS . During the severe distresses of the manufacturing operatives in 1842 a method was adopted in the town ° - snip of rarnley Tyas , near this place , which , were it more generally followed , might , I believe , in a considerable degree mitigate their sufferings , bv providing partial employment on the land durhVany tuture failure of their usual occupations in manufacture . At the request of the learned chairman of this meeting , I shall endeavour to give a statement of our proceedings on that occasion , and some account of an experiment in spade agriculture of considerable interest at that time to us , and which hercafterniay be ot some use to the community at large . 'Die plan I ani about to describe may be said to be a modification ot tue allotment systemnow introducing with such

      , unwearied zeal by the Labourers' Friend Society , and by many benevolent individuals into the agricultural as well as into the manufacturing districts of this country , and may , I think , become a useful auxiliary to tiiat excellent system , and beneficial to a class it cannot reach , for after an extensive introduction of allotments there will always be found , particularly in manufacturing districts , multitudes of persons , who , either from inaptitude in agricultural labour—from deficient prudence—or other causes , cannot be trusted with an independent holding , still , when placed under a committee of intelligent persons , as we are about to propose , they may gain their daily bread , upon an emergency , without becoming burdensome to the parish , or forfeiting that spirit of independence WmSr ! ° ^ ° nsidei " ed as the l ) nde of th 0

      On receiving a grant from the London Relief Committee , several friends met together to dispose of it , and hnding that the persons who would have to applv wanted work , not parochial relief , we determined that it , as well as all monies we could raise by subscriptions or loans amongst ourselves , should be laid out in providing them with labour , and in a manner as consonant with their feelings , and as little degrading as possible to them ; to dole it out we knew would destroy their self respect , and to place respectable , decent , orderly workmen on the roads , could not be thought of with any satisfaction ; we therefore determined at once to place them upon the land , and to submit it fairly to the test of experiment , whether their labour so applied , and paid for at the usual rate , might not return its value in agricultural nroduce .

      and , converted into money , berc-appKcd in the same way m furnishing occasional employment in future , should it be necessary to do so . In favour of our argument , we had before us the evidence of an excellent lady , Mrs . Davis Gilbert , that her cottage tenants at Eastbourne had , upon poor land and on small plots , supported themselves , gradually improving in their circumstances for the last eleven years ; and we thought ourselves warranted in the conclusion , that if they had succeeded in doing so as individuals , we , as a committee , by judicious management , might do the same in degree , making due abatement for our increased altitude and difference of climate . Thus encouraging ourselves , we formed a society , thc leading rules of which society are , that the fund received from the Relief Committeeas well as all donations

      , , shall never be divided , but shall be applied from year to year in finding work in an Industrial Farm , till they are exhausted , and that the spade labourers shall be under thc direction of a superintendent , who shall receive for his services a certain percentage upon thc amount of produce sold , and not of money expended , and under the control of a Committee of Management . Having therefore obtained grants from tlie Relief Committee , and raised a sum of money , Ac , in aid thereof , we proceeded to lay it out in the following manner . We borrowed two fields of two acres each of an occupying tenant , who was receiving little benefit from it , altogether overrun as it was with gorse , brambles , Ac , upon Farnley Moor , in a high , cold , bleak situation , and laying at such an inclination that it could not be ploughed at all ; one of these

      fields was of most irregular surface , in short of a very forbidding aspect . We had several offers of land of a better description , but these fields were preferred in order to convince neighbouring occupiers of the value of spade labour , carried on under great disadvantages . We also accepted the offer of another field at a distance from the former , of about one aero , in a very exposed situation ; and in both instances agreed to pay rent , taxes , Ac , during four years , and then to restore them to the tenant , in a better condition than they were received , and laid down in grass : they were afterwards divided into lots of one-eighth of an acre each . These lots were let to dig or trench to thc unemployed manufacturers as they successively applied for employment . We broke ground in the month of November of last year , by paring off the turf and

      trenching into ridges the ground for potatoes down to the subsoil ; the prices for trench work of course were variable , but averaging about £ i 16 s per acre . It was very gratifying to see sometimes about twenty men and boys , busily employed , working cheerfully « og « 3 Uuu in or . c fiold , and not less so to find several companies of beys from different families , of from thirteen to sixteen years of age , employed upon a joint lot , a task voluntarily undertaken by them for the uasiaUiuuu or uu * u- iGoyxM < iiio'R > iuiilM at iiom * i the men did their work well—gave little trouble to the superintendent—and after a time assumed the healthy appearance of the farmer , and in their transition from the manufacturing to the agricultural labourer , or did not appear to suffer inconveniencethey easily fell into agricultural habits , and were soon

      very expert in handling the spade or the hoe , assuring us that they preferred this kind of labour to any other . We proceeded heartily with our work , met frequently together , and encouraged thc men in their labours , till tlie month of March this year , when we had trenched three acres for potatoes , 2 a . -Or . 10 p . for turnips , and digged over 1 a . 1 r . 13 p . for oats , when our men , in part , were removed and employed by Lord Dartmouth , the sole proprietor of the townshi p , in breaking up , by the spade , ground , from which a wood had been removed for that purpose . I must here however digress , to make a remark as to an unexpected result which already flowed from our Industrial or Labourers' Fami . No sooner had we commenced digging our fields , than a neighbouring farmer commenced ploughing a very roueh field of his .

      lying very near to ours , with all dispatch , after it had remained almost useless to him for a great number of years , determined that he would not be oHtdone by us , and it has yielded him , I am happy to say , in return , a fine crop of oats : one part of his field , however , he found it impossible to plough ; lie therefore re-let it to two young men , who proceeded to dig it with very great industry , and it has borne them the finest crop of petatoes I ever saw ; since which time , they have taken the whole field , and become allotment tenants to him , and will doubtless better accomplish with the spade what he had attempted with the plough , manifestly shewing that where an Industrial Farm is undertaken , it will act as a stimulus to the

      regular farmer , and a preparation of the labourers for small tenancies , or gradually lead the way to the introduction of Cottage allotments . The disadvan- tages of exposed situation , poor soil , &c , were not alone what we had to contend with ; our manure was to draw from a distance of four miles up steep hills , wliich added materially to our expenses ; various other impediments were found ; however , we had a favourable seed time ; the soil , by exposure to the frosts during winter , was found in excellent tilth : suffice it to say , that our crops have turned out wrfl , and exceeded our expectations , arid now are princi- pally converted into money , and I am happily enabled to produce the following balance sheet on the present occasion . EZPXND £ D , £ s . d . Manuallubour ,., „„ .........,.,.. „ . 36 8 3 Farm-yard manure , &c 1111 2 Seed oats 13 9 Team work , leading manure 9 12 C Potatoes borrowed for seed , „ GOO Rent and taxes , one year , 0 3 0 Superintendent ' s salary 5 0 0 Guano „ ,. „ , 1 18 0 Total 8 t 16 8 To balance , profit 2 14 £ 82 18 0 PBODHC 1 D . £ s . d . To Potatoes sold , &c 43 ig 9 „ Turnips sold ( crop deficient ) 5 10 0 „ Potatoes reserved for sets 4 11 3 1 . Oats „„ " n 0 0 „ Potatoes on loan , repaid 6 0 0 „ Halfmanureintheland 10 9 4 „ One-third guano ditto 0 12 8 „ Potatoes unsold 1 16 0 £ 82 18 0 ACCOUNT OT OAP 1 TAL TO TRY-Till EXPERIMENT . £ 9 . d . From the London Relief Committee , grants 40 0 0 The Earl of Dartmouth ' s donation 5 0 0 Loanofseed , money , < 5 : c ., inaidoftheexperimont 35 16 s ———£ 80 16 8

      Thus then , under every possible disadvantagesuch as unfavourable climate—poor soil—lying at a considerable elevation , and at a great distance from manure . and apavtialfailure in our turnip crops , still we have paid part of the advanced capital , and are about to pav the whole : and shall then have remaining thc original capital received from the Manufacturers' Relief Committee and from other quarters , i besides a small profit , either invested in the land in i tho shape of manure for the ensuing crep , or in i ; money , or produce : which had it not been distributed i" for its equivalent in labour , would have been totally I lost or nearly so , for supposing that our unemployed f men had been turned out to shiver on the roadside - breaking stones , their labour would have been worth 1 little or notMng , besides wMch just so much work

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      ' "W g would have been taken from our regular highway labourers , and they must have sought for employment elsewhere . We have at this time labourers trenching our oat stubble for potatoes next year , paid by the very money re-produced from that grant . And we purpose taking a cron of oats after our potatoes of tins year , and then , should all or greater part of our operatives be employed in manufacture , we shall lay down the greater part of our farm with clover or grass seeds for the year following , and in such a case keep our money in reserve ; or if necessary , wo may procure ether land , on the same conditions ' as before , break it up for potatoes , and proceed in this manner year after year , until our £ 45 of clear capital be consumed , which we cannot after this experience have the least tear of . —An Essay mi Farms of Industry , bv Jons Nowku ,. '

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      ssssgs ssa ** I HSrl ^ pi IStil iiili § i Simi-Si 11 DCerelyh ? ? theeffect "M " pro portiouate improvement in its circulation . l

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      nated ' with gems of fiction and romance worthy of the best days of this periodical . The principal contributors are , Miss Louisa Stuart Costello , Mrs Caroline Whue , Mr . James Smith , Mr . Hunt , Mr R . B . Kxowles , Air . Axccs B . Reach ; the author of " Passages in the Life of a Cosmopolite , " and last , not least , Frances Brown ( the blind poetess of Stanorlar ) . '"The Black Velvet Collar , " by Miss Cosieixo , will be relished by many , though we confess we have read many things of the author ' s that pleased usmuchbetter . "Thelnspirationof Genius" is one of Mr . Smith ' s pleasing sketches . " Stories of Advertisements , " by Mr . Hcxt , is entertaining . " The Past , the Present , and the Possible ; or , Passages in the 1 ,-io „(• -., fWuionolite , " is a lengthy article , devotes to a considerauuii vi « , „• - tv , £ :. « i Emigration" sclionie . Mr . Eizler and Ms friends

      THE ILLUMINATED MAGAZINE - Jcse . London : 1 , Crane-court , Fleet-street . The first number of the new series of this magazine had our warm approval , but how much more worthy ot that approval is the number or volume before us . We speak of the literary contents—for as regards the distinctive character for illustration on which , this magazine originally started , tho title of " Illuminated" has become a misnomer , and almost a dead letter , the number for the present monthhaving but one illustration , and therefore in that respect having no better claim to the title of "Illuminated" than several other similar publications . In one sense however , the number before us is better "illuminated" than several of its predecessors—

      "illumimay consider themselves under an obligation to the writer of this article for his able and candid exposition of their views and plans . A " Cosmopolite" is not exactly an enthusiastic admirer of Mr . Etzlxk and his plans—he offers objections and corrections , dictated Dy common sense , aided by a personal knowledge of the tropics , at the same time he confirms much that is advanced by the emigrationists as to the salubrity and fruitfulness of the country' they have selected . Of Mr . EizLEii ' sschcmes , his " Satellites , " "Flat-bottomed SMps , " "BurningMirrors , " "Floating Islands , " &c , " Cosmopolite" justly remarks" It is no evidence of practical sagacity when an inventor proposes to go away in a distant wilderness to introduce machines wliieh would be invaluable in a country [ like this ] where the physical arts have made the greatest progress . " lie adds : —

      We wonld be ? to suggest to the members of the committee , that it would be as well to introduce the " Sattlnte" first in England , and thereby realise an amount of capital which wonld very n , uch facilitate the emigration plan . There is something like sense in this . By thus doing , Mr . Etzleb and 'his friends would do more to convince the sceptical than they will ever do by mere declamation on the beauties and enjoyments of tropical paradises , though they talk and write on the subject for fifty years . It will not do to object that thc cest of working the machine would bo too great in this country . Surely the believers in Mr . Etzleb would findtht money for that purpose , at least ' , quite as readily as they now find money to

      work this machine at some future indefinite period , and in a country far from this , where , when once the workingman is located , should he be disappointed , he may find it no easy matter to return to old England . But , besides that confidence in Mr . Etzler would necessaril y result from thc working of the "Sattellite" in this country , another consequence would be , that , if only half what Mr . Etzlee has told ns be true respecting this machine , the profit that would result from its working woidd be enormous , and thus might be realised , as "Cosmopolite" remarks , " an amount of capital which would very much facilitate the emigration plan . " We advise those \? ko are members of the Tropical Emigration Society , or those who think of

      becoming members , to read this article in the Illuminated Magazine . A " Cosmopolite" is Mmself an advocate of emigration—and to Venezuela too , amongst other counirles : but we cannot say that Ms views and ideas have at all mitigated our dislike to all emigration schemes . On the contrary , he hasratherstrengthened onr aversion . The main value of the article of a " Cosmopolite " is the admissions made as to the progress and ( future ) practicability of the principle of " co-operation . " Reviewing the success of the joint-stock speculations of the present time , he infers " that confidence is increasing between man and man ; that knowledgethe basis of confidence—is largely on the increase ; and in proportion with the increase of knowledge will be the extension of combination , rendering operations on a gigantic scale , hitherto impracticable , easy of accomplishment . " He adds : — It must be obvious that if three or four persons can

      work in partnership with greater advantage than working separately , three or four dozens , or hundreds , or thousands , could do the same thing , provided a . sufficient amount of confidence existed , as well as intelligence . And if houses of business , composed of several partners , can have establishments in various quarters of the globe at once , with the partners acting in unison over the stretch of broad seas , there can be no reason why intelligence and trust should not extend the principles to large joint-stock companies . The perception of this has always existed in individuals , if not in masses ; and the principle has been enlarged on by various persons , in the proposition to live in social communion instead of detached dwellings—Morelly , in the " Basiliade ; " Sir Thomas More , in his "Utopia ; " the Duke de St . Simon , Charles Fourier , Bobert Owen , and others ; and some attempts have been made to particularise it , but hitherto without success , for the obvious reason that all the experiments have been made with grown people , not trained up from children , and therefore of incompatible habits .

      .... Speaking of a certain " experiment" which has been going on for some time past in tMs country , he

      says : — After many trials and disappointments , success will ultimately be attained , because it is based on a great truth , yet only attainable through a long course of previous education . . If Charles Rosekbuhc , Esq ., will tell us what he means , or what he is aiming at in his 'Leisure Hours of a Modern Philosopher , " we will then tell him what we think of Ms reveries . We have tried in Tain to extract a meaning from what lie has written : either we are very dull , or he is ycry daft , "Sea-side Sketches , " by Asccs B . Reach , » . is an

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      SSStPS lit ^ ^ tribute I ZJ- « t t ? - C ^ CwniKo con-Position and Unioue Pnv ^ T ^ Ge ° g ?* PWcal mmm Tk » o M £ " * **« -OW OF THE NILE . j ^^ i-a-srsariss ^^ tt ^ saaasa

      mum £££ X * ^ ^ ofth -apours , Si htoTL ^ eTtons of * e Indian Ocean , carried nJandbr the northeast monsoons , and in those ™ Atlantic earned to the same point bj the somhwat wmdsofthe South Atlantic . However tt » is may iS I ™^ ^ tbat now asfo ^ aeKback '* ^ risulg annuau y , bnngs down with it a mass of allurifl

      eartt , b which its beds and its banks are ££££ graduall y raised every year , until , as already observed they are now and for many centuries have been , above the level of the surrounding desert . This alluvial earth of itself constitutes , in the first place , the actual soil of iSSPt , superimposed upon the substratum of theprimeval tnft 5 m ^ e - SeCOnd place itmakcsanannualaddition to the superficies of that soil ; in the third place , by sponfT * " ?*> " ttdffi « esit « fertilisingtofluence under and through the soil for a considerable distance ; and , finall y , all these operations are promoted and regulated by means of embankments and canals , and by the personal labour of the cultivators in theirrigation of the land In exanwung , then , the valley ofEzypt wehavo . h ?™ .

      mng atits mouth , in tiitfSr * # fiK ? Sfc [ Beta , traveled by numerous streams and canals , with , more especially the two branches of the Kile leading to Rosetta and Danuctta respectivel y , the whole of which is a vast alluvial plain , bounded on two sides by the desert ; and we 5 ft v-, S T ? Place ' a 1 ) ove Cairo ' tue sinSfc stream of the 3 Sile , and the alluvialsoil on its bante , bounded bv «> e mountains interposed between the river and the SS ^ i . ^• iT'V U UOt t 0 be SrxVV ° sed that in this valley theNilehas fixed banks of long formation covered ™ th soas andtrees . Groups of palm trees , acacias , and Others , occur continuall y , to be sure , ana , at the proper season , the land is covered with verdure ; but the banks are continuall y changing their direction , as well as gradually rising in height from to

      year year i \ otcs of an Excursion to the Summit of Adam ' s Peak , Ceylen' is the most interesting account we have ever read of the ascent to that famous spot so renowned for its natural wonders . The writer , from personal observations , demonstrates the palpable imposition of the " sacred footprinf-another little bit ot priestly fraud , manufactured to " astonish the natives , and prop up the trade of clerical jugglery An Account of the Liberated African Establishment of St . Helena" gives some curious particulars ol the natives of the countries on thc Congo River Angola , Benguela , and other parts of Africa . Sevc '

      rai oiner able and useful articles are contained in the present number , which is one of the best we have seen , and must do much to strengthen the character of this useful publication .

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      Kg 21 , 1845 . TTT y ' Mn ^ TTTFTTN STAR

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 21, 1845, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1320/page/3/