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THE LANJ>.
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€vtittf glotamtis .
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TO THE WORKING CLASSES . Mr Friends , —I am now about to lay before you { he result of a few days * experience on the subject of the Land . Oo Monday week I addressed the people of Skefiield , in a" very large building , the Circus . The whole house , "with the exception of a portion ol the place , where the horses perform , wa 3 crammed . Our steady old friend Briggs officiated as chairman ; aud after I had spoken at considerable length , some questions were asked , which I answered to the satisfaction of all ; and some , who had tried experiments , wluutecrcd to assert that my statements fell far sliortof what might be realised . A gentleman from Belgium waited upon me at my hotel . He was ac companied by his father , lie had intended to start
for Uckjium in the morning , but hearing of my visit , lie remained to hear my lecture , and the following is the statement which he authorised me to make to themeeting . The 3 mall farm , or allotment system , prevails generally throughout Belgium . Labourers hold from half an acre to two acres , usually at a rent of £ 7 , £ 8 , and £ 9 the acre . In the majority of cases , these parties , in a very few years , purchase their holdings fob eveb , with the profits derived , after living well , and supporting their families . The man who supplies him with milk got * ' agood chance " of two and a half acres for nine guineas a year , and ] : e very soon bought it " out and out for eucr . " He made a tour through sixty miles of the country last year , to show it to bis father ; and the old gentleman
assured me that the whole scene was a perfect paradise . The land is cultivated up to the very road side . Both hi ghly approved of tlie Laud scUeinc , and are of opinion that the most greedy person would find two acres ample . The meeting was variously composed of all classes . A vote of thanks to , anil entire confidence in me and approval of the Land plan , wa 3 unanimously and enthusiastically passed . I disposed of one half the rules that I had for thirteen nights' stock , and all appeared anxious to join . On Tuesday morning I visited some allotments . Amongst others that of Charles I-ecslcy , who holds the sixteenth part of au acre , for which he pays £ 1 10 * ., or at the rate of £ 21 per acre . Leesley is by trade a stonemason , lie lias air-ndy sold
fifty-two shillings' worth of gooseberries , aud his bushes are still weighed down , lie gave me a sample to take to Barnsley . They were as large as pullets eggs . lie also gave me a sample of peas , which he requested me t » name , 03 they were new ones in this country . I named them tlie " Chartist Jlju-roiv-fat . " lie has a plot of wheat , such as 1 licversaw . He sowed at the rate of less than one peek of seed to the acre , which is but one-fourth ol what farmers generally sow : manv sow twelve pecks , or three bushels . Lesley ' s is rather too thick ; though he has saved 9 s . in every lfls . in hisseed . lie dibbled ^¦ J ««* B to my plan ; and his crop averages lOHIl stalks from each grain of seed ; and each car of the forty , he sayswill average fifty grains
, . Thus you will sec that , startling as it may appear , he expects to reap iwo tuousaxd-foid ! That is , if each grain of seed give 3 forty stalks , aud if each car to each stalk gives fifty grains , lie will have just two thousand grains for every grain he sowed . That is , if ue sowed a peck , he would reap two thousand pecks . Now , four pecks make one bushel ; and « ight bushels make one quarter : that is , thirty-two : pecks make one quarter ; and if the produce estimated in this case be realised , it will amount to the astounding produce of something more than sixtvtwo quarters to the aere ! while the average produce of England is three and a half quarters , or not so much . This mode of increasing produce would be tue most expeditious mode of repealing the Corn
Laws , in my opinion . However enonnou 3 this estimate of produce may appeal-, it is asserted in a very celebrated work oa Agriculture that the writer produced , near Hull , eighty-four quarters from an acre . "Bear in mind , that 1 state what all men may see witli fiiir own eyes . At least twenty other persons were jiresent when I was , and heard and saw what I did . Suppose that , instead of sixty-two , Leesley can produce twelve quarters from one-twelfth of the usual quantity of seed : could not the land under wheat in England be made to produce four iinies as much as it now does ? Leesley told us all that he would not take £ 15 for his interest in the land ; and that he would not take £ 10 for the " stuff " now on It . That is , he would not take at the rate
of £ 160 an aere for the " stuff ; " for he has only the sixteenth part of an acre . lie only works at it" a bit now and then , " on an " oddSanday" or so ; and "lie says that , if he had two acres , he never again would work an hour at his trade , whatever wages he ciuldget . ItisimpossiUetodescribetheappearance of his crops . Many old farmers come a dozen miles to see them . They are all getting the Land mania in Sheffield as fast as they can . Two young men , the one a spring-blade grinder , and the other an umbrellahandle maker , aeeompauied me to Barnsley , and from thence to Leeds . The humbreHa-handle ' makcr Held the one-eighth of an acre , for which , with a garden house of two bed rooms , he paid 2 s . lid . a
-week ; or at the rate of £ il an acre . He said ' that he made the ground himself ; and that but for the iousc being too bad to live in he would never give it up . This young man told me that from what he had himself done , he was satisfied that with two acres he could support his family well , and at the end of the year have saved more than he now earns at his trade —a guinea a week . That is , that alter Uvin well and paying his way , he could save fifty-two guineas a year from the cultivation of two acres . He sold one head of cabbage for old . ; and he sold , in three parts , one head ef celery for 8 d . It weighed Gifts . ; and when I mentioned the fact in his presence at tarnsley , a man stated that a neighbour of his had grown one 131 » 3 .
BAKSSLEr , CLOHIOCS BARXSLET . , OnTaesdaylarrivedatBarnsley . withmytwowork jng men companions , who caino in the same carnage with me . It poured in torrents 3 II day ; and yet the streets were full of people to meet me . At four we sat down to an excellent dinner : and how I did long for the time when every working man in England wuld sit down every day to as good a one . i ' eter Jluey was in the chair . After dinner we had some chat and a few speeches . At seven the doors were thrown open ; and the large Odd Fellows' Hall soon became crowded . Peter was again placed in the chair ; when Frank Mirfield proposed , and the meeting seconded , a very flattering address to me , dcclanngentireconfidenceinme . What most delighted me at the dinner was , that English and Irish were interspersed ^ and sat in happy union . I spoke at considerable length , and answered several questions that
were put to me . I disposed of all the rules 1 had . Asurox did not male his appearance . There as a very strong association at Barnsley . It is increasing everj week . On Wedne sday morning I went -to visit several allotments near the town . Thonia * Adam holds the seventh part of an acre , for which he pays £ 7 , or at the rate of £ 8 an acre . He has a crop of wheat which is estimated to produce at the rate of more than eight quarters ; and all Ms crops ^« equall y good . , I visited several other allotments , lor which the occupants pay at the rate of £ 10 an acre for miserable , wet , swampy , bad land : aud yet mv one would part with his plot . I cannotsay much for their condition : for , with the exception of one mans plot , they are shamefully neglected . Peter Uoey works his own at spare hours ; and his is second bast , but by no means as good as it ought to be . But vet they ate all very profitable .
LEEDS . On Wednesday I attended a meeting in the great . Bazaar at Leeds , and it was inconvenient ? crammed 1 made along speech upon the Land and Charter questions ; and , after I had answered some questions -a deserter of the name of Baron tried to disturb the meeting ; but was , after hearing what he had to say hooted down , ashevery richly deserved . Poor "Jim Mosley" did not make his appearance ; but he wrote a letterdf apology for his absence to the chairman , and abusing me ; which said letter was received with a Kparfir I-tticrh " w -m m Vfl | tT
— * « < J ^ g - Q m Chartists of Leeds arc the most practical bod y in England , and the most , tmited i notwithstanding the many attempts to sow the seeds of dissension among them . Last night proved to me that all such attempts will signally fait There are two remark able facts which I must mention . Firstly , the best Chartists are the men who have joined the Land ^ ssomtion ; and , secondly , all the large farmers in Tfle several districts where my plan has been tried on theaUotments , are beginning to follow it , and to admit it 3 superiorit y over the old system .
inffc ^ troly — that 1 nevcr »*¦ sucl 1 a spirit of ; enthusiasm amongst the working classes as there is SC l ^ T ** 1 tira £ - l neverhad such meetings , and Smfc rf ^ ? 1 . snPPort . The Leeds men passed SK * 1 ^ al . thanks to me / and of confidence in S theS « S ^ P ^^ s- ofthedebt due n ' HCBDEnSFIELD . am ^ S ^ ^^ Duddersfield , and addressed fS ^ M ' , DUmerous ' « 3 P ectablea « dience ^ K ^ Jen gth , upon the social and political 5 $ fc £ r ^ I ^" classes - M that l La ™ done 3 ^ * & y ° ^ S to the Land fund , and dischar-JDg the large debt due to tlie Executive / will appear SSTl * - 5 Star ' onmyreturntoUai ° * - jSudflersfteld has done its fair share . On Fridav morn-PS I TISlted Mr . Thornton ' s alintmAnt « F « J , JM . ' T
flare . before spoken in former letters . My good old im ? u ? ? Leecn accompanied me , and the Mow-Sli !? :-Mr - Tll 0 mton p . ays £ tlOs . a & ^ s ^ an If acre of moor land , without any ™ 1 . 2 ^ had it in work for five years , and ^ 7 ¦ ¦ * w now worth , four times as much ^ 7 ^ ^ he &st took it . He Las , on that Sed » i ^ , ' -f ° ur of the la » " sll 0 rt orodn ^ S 2- le SeeBfor SO ** t 5 me ' " *>» SlW ^ y B P » n their powers of con-. ^ fe . / H \ * m be obliged to get another "f ^ f t !* - . He Las been obliled to mow a conaderaWeportionof ^ art ^^ lSs for ^ ay . Now ^ ^ 7 f D ^ y ^ out the assertion that a 2 n 5 . - t 5 ' * Tcl 1 " » ^ acres of land . This ¦ E $ em ^ n . lia 9 r eentl - vtaken al » utfo « ' > « res more « na , and has , lam told , most astonishing crops upon
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it . At Huddcisfield I came in contact withaverv intelligent agricultural labourer , who is in the habit of & ' nn , nrk" ^ ? , tlen » en . He told me that He had dibbled a good deal of wheat for parties this year upon my plan ; and in no instance had he sown asmuch as a peck per acre . He sowed two acres for one gentleman ; and all that he has sown is , out of all comparison , better than the crops around sown in tha usual way . lie charges sixteen shillings an acre for dibblmg and saves eleven pecks of seed , t 4 h-e pecks being the quantity usually sowu by farmers .
BRADFOnDi . On Friday I addressed th * men of Bradford Scores w ? obliged to go away . i \ o admittance George ^ Vlute was called to the chair , amid greai apphmie from . ha townsmen . I spo ]; e at ercat lenstU , and was mvery good spirits . They tell me : 1 snoke well After I had concluded , one of the fine old breed of handlooro weavers , with grey hair , got up , and said lhat about twelve of the Chartists of btanmngley had taken twenty-seven acres of land at two guineas per acre , about two years ago , and would not now take ± 500 for their interest in it
Whenever a master discharged a man for being a Chartist , they employed him at fifteen shiUin « s a week , which made the masters very cautious on the question of " bagging" their men , as they became " saucy and " independent" when tliey fVund out their real value . Several others followed , givb " glowing accounts of what they had done with one acre , two acres , and three acres of land ; and all agreeing that I had underrated its value . One poor fustian jacket , who had "tried a bit , " threw down his £ 2 12 s ., savin ? , " I'll hi my own master as soon as I honestly can . " AVe had a splendid night of it aud Bradford did its full share for the Executive .
HALIFAX . On Saturday I atklvesseujthe people of Halifax" Old Ben Ruslitou" in the chair . We had aglorious meeting , though the spacious Odd Fellows' Hall was not quite full , but very nearly so . Here , as in most Other places , many questions were asked me , which I answered satisfactorily , and a large subscription was made for the Executive . Mr . Alderson , secretary for the Bradford district , made a most admirable speech after me , in which was this remarkable
sentence :- " My friends , you must bear in mind that Mr . O ' Connor values only six or eight hours of your labour during summer ; but you must ask yourselves what the value of your labour would be , if you were to apply the same number of hours every day in the year to the land that you are how obliged to apply to the productions of competing machinery . " It would be impossible to describe the effect of this very trite and pithy sentence . It had a kind of magical effect . They arc the " words of wisdom . " which give me so great an advantage over all my own class .
MANCHESTER . ; On Sunday I spoke at Manchester , in the Carpenters' Hall . It was literally crammed , at twopence per head ; a regular overflow . Every one of the Executive spoke ; and I made a long speech , and one that gave general satisfaction . Enrolment , selling rules and subscribing for the Executive , went on to a very late hour ; and , as usual , Manchester was itself once more . We had indeed a glorious night of it . There were people from all the nei ghbouring towns and counties .
BLACKUmiX . m On Tuesday I addressed the people of Blackburn in an immense building , capable of holding severai thousand . We had a very iiuc muster , but the im niense place was not full . However , the numbers pr esent would have filled a large building . The audience was most attentive aud respectable ; and the subject being new , I spoke for nearly three hours , and gave very general satisfaction . So much , my friends , for my tour—so far as I have gone ; and now for a few general observations . One great objection to the plan , namely , the impossibility of those accustomed to artificial labour being turned into farmers , is triumphantly refuted . During the whoie of life we have been taught to look upon
landlords , farmers , and agricultural labourers , as the most i gnorant portion of the nation ; while work upon work has been written on the ; science of agriculture . Now mark this most remarkable fact : instead of the shoemakers ,: tailors , and oDeratives , who never handled a spade till within these two or three rears , looking to the old farmers for example and instruction , we have the admission , that wherever there aro allotments or small farms , "the old hands come ten and twenty miles to get a lesson from those who commence the science according to the most recent discoveries . It is much easier to bring up a child to virtuous habits from infancy , thanto correct bad habits and reclaim that child : so it is much easier to teach the uniuitiated 1 according to the most approved plan , than to rcclaini those steeped in prejudice from their ' bad habits . Do not lose sight of that' fact ; Having thus given you an account of the most satisfactory tour that I have ever
made , I will give you , in brief terms , the conclusions Ihavecometo . Thereneyenvere so many Chartists in England as at the present moment . There nevcr was so safe-w mind in England « as there now is . There never was so much wisdom among the working classes as at present . And so surely as it is how pouring doivn rain upon tlie harvest , so surely will that mind and wisdom be speedily brought into action . I could not describe to the men of London the enthusiasm , marked kiudness , and confidence with which I have been everywhere received ; and this enthusiasm and confidence has been tenfold increased by the insane attempts of the O'Briens , the Carpenters , the Hills , and the Watkins , to damage me in public estimation . I take this opportunity of thanking the working classes of every town thatlliavc been in for their kindness and marked attention ; and of assuring them that the unbounded confidence reposed in me shall never be abused , forfeited , or bctraved .
1 shall now say one word about the
HARVEST . As to the hay , the farmers hi many instances have already been at the expense of making their hay three and four times over . In many cases , where the hay was fit to be drawn , the rain has fallen and rendered it necessary lor the farmer to go through the process of making it over again ; and when made a second , and even a third time , he has been again caught ; and in numerous instances it is rotting upon the ground , after having been made as often as four times . Those who believe in the old Irish adage , "Sow when you will , you will reap in harvest , " lost sight of the fact , that ¦ * ' harvest" may never come I have at this time travelled through many counties of England , and I have conversed with
intelligent men who have travelled in comities in which 1 have not been ; and the conclusion to which I come is , that the grain generally is now in the state in which , of an average year , the crops ought to be about the last week of June , or the first week of July . The perpetual rains are keeping the corn green and growing . Much is laid ; and the weeds , when hot weather comes , if it should ever come , will grow through it , and thus rentier it very difficult to save . This , in ordinary years , would be what is called "the busy week" in harvest ; and let the weather be what it may , -vou cannot have that busy week this year till the second week of September , the period when the equinoctial gales usually come in ; so that the best weather for ripening will throw the
harvest back to the short days , cold nights , and doubtful seasons . Still , men will only talk of " the harvest Icing late . " The great fear i ' s , that die harvestwiUnoi come tlth year . One great calamity that this season has brought is this : thousands of poor Irishmen have come over from the south and west of Ireland , and have come , at least , six weeks before their time . This has occurred fromthe fact ofhands being scarce last harvest , as it came in , or ripened altogether ; and the Irish labourers , not being monopolists , told their friends that there was work for more hands , and more have already come over , and here they must remain for six weeks without earning anything . Now , if the harvest fails , we shall have our whole battle to fight over again with the League .
I am before them in the field . J offer land at home . They offer the chance from abroad . 1 ofter what will make all independent of bad harvests . They offer what will increase the calamity of failure . There is too much reason to fear that wheat will speedily rise to an unnatural price . Bread is now getting up , flour having risen as much as a shilling a stone 111 many of the northern districts , and labour will be reduced . Then , according to our prudence ^ and courage will depend the success of our principles . The weather is now more dark and unsettled than ever . I have only seen two partially fine days since Monday , the 4 th of August , lam , my friends , Tour faithful Mend and servant , Feargus O'Cosxob . Monday , August 13 , 1 S 45 .
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TO THE CHAltTISTS OF LANCASHIRE . Mr dear Friends , —After a long slumber , we are now called upon to awake—arise ! and be no longer apathetic , lhave felt the Charti st pulse of Yorkshire : it beats healthy and vigorously . < No power can put us down . The season calls upon you and me to be ready for what may arise , i am ready . On Sunday next we are to have a camp-meeting at Middleton . The Executive will be there ; . . and all within a day ' s march should be there . I * Aa £ 2 be at my post , to give an account of my to . ur , jny intentions , and mj hopes . Again . J am resQlvfd j
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after a thtee years' slumber , to make you rally around the only-straight and uncontaminated stand * ard !—the-standard of freedom—of our own Charter tor three yeavs lhave worked without you ; now come and . work * with me . Your : country calls ; you from your sleep I . Your families tell you to awakeyour interest tolls you- to arouse ! I am fresher than when I left London , aad ready to take my oldrpart m the coming struggle ; . On . Monday I shall address the people oi Macdcsfield . Up , Chartists , to your own work ! Aouvselvea-alone can do it ; none other * will serve you . Tiic-r . 8 xt change should « ive yon your "share . " \ . ;¦ ¦ " Your faithful friend , . . Feahcus O'Co . vxob .
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2 RANCE . ; _ The Combination-of . - Journeymen CAnrKNTEns . ^ - iSineteenjourneymen , carpenters ' have been ordered by the council chamber of the Civil Tribunal of tlie beine te be brought to trial for 'illegal " combination against their mastei-s . r- ffa ^ nani , of Monday .-, . ; . . \ , .. .. sBAiN .. /;; :.: ; ' :, :-V , TEnnomsM . —More Conspiracies asd Arrests . ^ rhe Commercio of the 3 rd , describes the state of Malaga to be a complete . raign of terror . It is only necessary for any fellow to denounce the most honourable or respectable man . to place him and his property in danger . The Castellano publishes ; the following account of a conspiracy ,, which is said to have been discovered in that capital . The arrests we have
already mentioned : — "The conspirators succeeded , by offering money and promotions , in seducing a saiall number of the oflieevs and swjeants of the army . The plot was to explode in the course of the 31 st ult ., lut a montJi ago tiic military ^ authorities mere made acqttainted } tvit / i all their machinations , and had faitliful agents who-informidtlmnof all that passed among the confederates .. On the 31 st the commandant of the guard at the barracks called Del Soldado , in which were two battalions of the regiment ef Galicia , was a Captain Don Sebastiano Castro , who was believed to be in colleague with the conspirators , and a serjeant of Chasseurs , named Ramon Cabezudo , also admitted into the plot , which he had communicated to General Cordova , was part of the guard of the
last battalion of the same regiment in the barracks of San Matco , so that the conspirators relied upon executing their plans by first obtaining possession of these two barracks , and the arms they contained . A commandant , who , as it is believed , was at the head of the conspiracy , was arrested by the serjeant , who had pretended to be one of the confederates . At the roll-call , General Cordova appeared , harangued the regiment of Galicia , arid , addressing himself ¦ to the captain who commanded the post , told him that he was unworthy of being at the head of faithful soldiers , arrested him on the ground , and placed him under the guard of two file of men . It is believed that the arrest of General Crespo is connected with this newly-planned revolt . "
The Gazette of the 4 th contains a royal ordonnance , dated Saragossa , July 28 th , dissolving the Senate . There ia a second article to the effect that " the Council of Ministers shall proceed immediately to proposethe names of persons who , conformably to the Constitution , shall compose the new Senate . " The Council of War at Malaga has closed its deliberations by condemning to death two seijeants , and to various degrees of punishment several inhabitants of Malaga more or less compromised in the late conspiracy . ;
The Espcctador of tke Cth inst . announces that Gensral Alcala has been sent to Segovia , . Brigadier Montero to Guadalaxara , Commandant Sarmiento to Alcavzas . de San Juan , and Captain Sarabia : to Almaden . According to : the . correspondence of the Ikraldoi from Malaga , several of the inhabitants oi that city , noled ? for their revolutionary opinions , have been arrested , and arms and ammunition found in their houses seized ; The same journal states that M . Corradi and M . Calvo , editors of the Clamor Pvblico , who were confined inFort Saint Catherine , at Cadiz , have been released : — * ' ¦¦'¦ ¦ : ¦ • • .,:-,., . '
Mabwd Papehs Of , tlie 1 st , state that ; several arrests had taken place on the morning of the 31 st Hit , Among-thiose-arrested are-M . 'Sagiisti , ^ who ; during the regency of Espsirterq , held the office of Political Chief of Madrid ; General CrespoV lately second in command with General Alcala in Manilla , and the Commandant and Captain in command of the guard at barracks of the regiment of Gallicia . We learn from El Heraldo that tlie public prosecutor had demanded the penalty of . death against several of the Malag . a conspiratore . , Seyeral arrcste Kad taken place in Grenada . ^ A correspondent of the Espectador mentions that " General Schelly , tlie Captain-General of Seville , had whipped an inhabitant ol that city publicly in the Market-place , whose only crime was that he had called out " Liberty for ever !"
Tub IssunnixTiox is Catalonia NOT Put Dows !—A letter from Barcelona of the 1 st instant contains the following : — " Two battalions have just left this gavrison for Mataro . In spite of all the tranquillising accaunts published by the authorities , it appeal's that the bands of Catalonia assume a menacing attitude . The Lampurdan is said to be in insurrection , and five companies of troops of the line are reported to have been attacked and disarmed by the insurgents . General Concha has sett off for the province of Girona ; previously to his departure he organised his staff as though he was about to enter on a campaign . General Cotoner will take the command at Barcelona during the absence of the Captain General . M . Capdeville , English vice consul at Roses , has been arrested by order of General Concha , and it is said that the Spanish authorities have sebiedacase containing 5000 muskets addressed to him . "
GERMANY . Tnu Tricolour Proscribed . —Tlie Chancellory of the Duchy of Schleswic Holstein Lauenburg has just published the following rescript : — " It lias come to our knowledge that the singing societies of Schleswic and Holstein have adopted a tvicoloured flag , which they carry in their processions and display at their festivals , with or wHhout the armorial bearings of Schleswic and Holstein . This flag being considered as the symbol of a political party , and as it may occasion disorders , we forbid that it be henceforth used . "
SWITZERLAND . The debats of Monday contains an important communication from Zurich , stating that a renewal of civil war in Switzerland is all but inevitable . Since the defeat of the Free corps before Lucerne the Radical party have been in active preparation for a recommencement of hostilities upon a wide scale . Under the guidance of their chiefs , particularly of Snell , a popular confederation has been formed , of which Berne is . thc centre , and which may be called a self-ponstituted national guard . So soon as the authorities of Berne , either in compliance with the call of other cantons , or prompted by their own sense of duty , attempt to interfere with this confederation , it is calculated that a revolution , like that lately
effected at Lausanne , will take place , and the government being in the hands of these armed Radicals , war will be declared against Lucerne . According to the Debate correspondent , tlie Jesuit question is a mere pretext , the object of Snell being to form a united undivided republic of nil the SfViss cantons . Upon the other hand , the little mountain cantons are preparing for resistance . So great is their enthusiasm , that the women of Uri practice daily firing at a target , that they may defend the mountain passes , while their husbands and brothers are fighting beside the Luccraese . The belief is general , it would appear , that the . month of September has been settled upon by the Bernese for the struggle . The letter from which we abstract this information is printed in the
form of a leading article . We sincerely hope that its statements may prove to be rafounued } civil wav in Switzerland can only result in jeapordising and probably destroying the independence of the cantons . It may be that the object of the Radicals , a -united Republic , " one and indivisible , " would , if judiciously accomplished , be a good , which therefore the Radicals are justified in seeking , but they cannot be justified in flinging the country into oivilwar for the purpose of coercing the mountain states . It will be a sad day for Helvetia , and for the world atlarge , when brother against brother shall engage in deadly conflict : we pray it may never come . Itisto be hoped that the statements of the Debate' correspondent will pr&ve to be distorted exageerations . The following ia the
conclusion of the proceedings in the Diei on tho 4 tU inst ., on the Jesuit question : — M . Fra !? sciki ( Tessino ) said thattbe&isttucti'bns ot his state , which was altogether Cathpfo , * 'J invariably attached to the Holy S « e , I 3 JA A own the princip . e that the question un&ii-discjjp ' " i , become a federal one . ThestateoiiT . es > tiuSher leaning nor adversion to the JeMV u | ? itcould not shut lfaeyestothebstoricol ;^ ,, ' "V * T , " th-it bodysucceeded in obtain ^ r 'PV ^ TJneve failed to exercise their . W . ^^^ fi'LoDle clersv and covernmB ^ Jimon ovcr tlic P P ' allTed to iffSHB ? Bie hon . deputy here Jesuits by the dPft ^ - ¦** ^^ bes towed on the with such praiaeftj : ! of Friburgh , and contraste < With in . so many , ' - reprobation which they had met '"• ' * " . cates in Europe : He compared the
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wretched position of the states of Italy , whore tliev were tolerated , with th&great prosperity enjoved by tlie Grand Duchy of-Tuscany , which no longer permitted Jesuits to remain' there . Articles 1 and 8 of tlie . l'cderal Fact gave tlie federal . authorities power to 'take such measures as might be requisite for the common safety . Tlie present question was of that naimue and he trusted tkat the Wet would come to 8 qme : deci 9 ive resolution on the point , and not again 8 lv et e worldan cxamplo-of its impuissance . "j - , M * JJihatte ( Vaud ) cmktered the subiect to have been already abundantly ^ discussed ; and that further remarks : won ] d notichange : the opinion of anv one . iv ? 1 Ve ? ts thnt "aupassed since tlic Extraordinarv Die ^ . had onl y confirmed the canton whichjie renresentett-an the , opinion , that ; a decision a « ninst the Jesuits , could alone restore . peace and union to the » epubhc . ; IJe concluded . by calling - on the Diet to act wuh dedsiou . and , vigour- , and expel the body in
* i > 1 ? r ^ 0 V 5 . UTEN r ;(^ f «^ is > tlenicclthe competencv of the ; Dft ! tto interfi're ; iri ; tlie Jesuit question . The on ^ . P ^ ons timt t iould be injurcu bv the present proc . P were the authors of the present attack The receptjen Jind niaintenanee oi" a religious order was purely , cantonal-, ' and the Catholics would-never submit to the- expulsion of ¦ tho Jesuits , without admitting as ^ a . consequence that the'Protestanfc-cahtons possessed , a right to , interfere in the choice of the ministers of the Catholic religion . He had , in the name-of his state ,, to . protest against the interference ot tlie Diet-m the euestion .
_ -. SiTTisoop AuausTjo . —l'be second day ' s proceedings lasted'six hours , and were even more animated than the preceding ones . : . Miv ^ BKeoiiEK ( Geneva ) , without attempting ' to denv the inconveniences arising i ' vom the presence otthc ' Jesuits , declared himself of opinion that the Diet ousjht not to interfere-against tiiem . lie did not question the competence of the Diet , and proposed that , it Lucerne persisted in maintaining the Jesuits , there should be attached to her , during the period of her- being Vororfc , a council of representatives as
al-, lowed by Art " 9 of the Federal Fact . ' " > M . Furrhb ( Zurich ) , Tresident of the Diet , concluded tho ' . generaldiscussion by ; summing up the arguments brought forward on both sides . Aftertliisad'dress , the free discussion was opened by a brilliant speech from the Avoyer Neuhaus , of Berne , in refutation of the arguments of theUltramontane party , and strongly in favour of the immediate expulsion of-the Jesuits . The deputies of Friburg , Schwitz ; Uiu , and Unterwald , replied at great length to this speech . - - >
As to the general result of tho votes , tlie order of the day remained in a small minority , which leaves the question in statu . quo , not permitting it to be brought forward before next session . The . following is the manner in which the votes
were given : — ^ 1 . Not to enter at present on the question , or , in other words , the ovdcv of the day : — "Uri , TJntenvald , Aug . Valais , Neufchatel i ¦ Appenzell ( Inner ) , Bale city , Friburs , Sclnvitz , Lucerne ( eight whole states and two half ones ) . . v . . 2 . To consider the affair as federal : —Berne , So-Icurc , Schaffliausen , Argau , Tessino , Vaud , Thuvgnu , Gnsons , Apponzell ( Outer ) , Bale country , Glaris , 6 uncli ( ten whole states and two half ones ) . 3 . To call on Lucerne amicably , looking at its directorial position , not to proceed with its invitation to the Jesuits : —Geneva , Tessino ( twostates ) , Grisons not voting for or against it . L To call on the states harbouring the Jesuits ( Friburg , Valais , and Sehwitz ) to send them awav : — Tluirgau , Grisons , Appenzell ( Outer )—( two whole states ' and ;; a half one ) , Zurich , Schaffhausen , Hans , and Tessino not voting either way .
5 . To summon Lucerne to renounce calling in the Jesuits . —Berne , Tessino , Thuvgau , Grisons , Appenzell ( Outer ) , Glaris , Zurich ( six whole states and one halt ¦ ¦ 6 n e ); Vai ! d ; Sohriffliausen , - Soleure , - - and Argau not voting either way . 'V . - CExpiilsion ' of ' the : Jesuits from the ' whole of Switzerland ;' " -The same'ten states and two half ones , named above , declare the question to be federal . - 7 . Expulsioiv'bf the Jesuits by every means : ~ Berne / SoleurefScliaffhausen , Argau . Thurgau , Grisons ; Appenzeli ( Outer ) , Bale country ( six whole states and two . ' half ones ) , Zurichjand- Glaris not voting ¦ eUlicr w ^ i - r' '' -:: ;' i t =. ' ' - ' ^ i ' v ' ¦' ¦ Jvf- ' / 1 ^;!"~ . -: ¦ ¦ ¦ f / 8 : > T 6 interdict for" the future ' tlie introduction of the Jesuits into ' a" Swiss canton ; the same ten states and two half ones which considered the question-as federal : '' : ¦ -y- ' .. ' - '¦¦¦¦ ¦ ¦' ¦; - ¦¦ ¦ . ¦¦¦ " . •¦ . . ¦¦•¦ . ... :.
' A letter from Zurich , of the * 7 th inst ., says : — " The Diet was engaged to-day in the discussion . of the question of the convents of Argau , but it did not present any lively interests This subject has occupied the press too long for me to enter into any detailed report of' the sitting ; At tho beginning ol January , 1841 , the government of Argau secularised several convents established in " the canton ; or rather , mother terms , had driven out the monks , and declared that their property belonged to the state . ; This property amounted in value to 10 , 000 , 000 f .. or
12 , 00 0 , 000 f . The Catholic cantons considered this measure to be a violation of Article 12 of the federal compact , but has never found a majority in the Diet willing to declare this . On the contrary , in 1843 , the question was adjourned till- after the recess by a majority of twelve , which was in fact , declaring that the Diet would not entertain it . To-day only seven cantons voted for the re-establishment of the convents , and this is all that is necessary for me . to tell you , although the debate was long and animated , and excited a deal of irritation . "
v > TURKEY . Insurrection in Albania . —By letters from Belgrade of the 20 th ult ., we learn that the whole of Upper Albania fras in a state of insurrection . The Seraskier , who had entered the country with a considerable body of troops , had been unexpectedly attacked at Pisrcn , on his march to Jakouo . In revenge he burnt twenty-five ' Albanian villages . After this terrible example the Seraskier assembled the principal Albanian chiefs at Jakouo , and insisted upon their laying down their arms , submitting , like all the other provinces of the empire , to recruitment for the army , and giving hostages for their fidelity . The chiefs refused compliance , and called out all the warlike population of the mountains . One of those
traits ' of that ' indomitable courage and resolution which is inspired by the blind fanaticism of the Mussulmans was exhibited on this occasion . Daoud Polosca , a chief of Jakouo , came alone into the Turkish camp , and reached the tentofthe Seraskier ; but the two sentinels at the entrance , suspecting some evil design , repelled him with the points of their bayonets . Polosca took his pistols , and , firing them with unerring aim , killed both the men . On hearing the reports of these arms the guard at the tent turned out , and made a general discharge of their muskets on Polosca . who , however , was unhuit , and , mouatirig his horse , fled through the camp , reloadine andfirimr
his pistols at all who attempted to bar his passage . He had got through the barrier of . the camp , but closely pressed by a detachment of cavalry sent in pursuit of him , and being no longer able to use his-pistols , he drew his yatagan , and , struck right and l . eft at both men and horses , killing eight men and wounding twenty . Being at length captured aud brought before the Seraskier , and openly avowing that it had been his intent to assassinate him , the bold Albanian was immediately executed before the Turkish general . The Seraskier intends to make attacks upon the Albanians at several points , having brought 3000 men from Scodra , and being joined by a corps of Catholic . Mirditos .
• AMERICA . ; DECLARATION OF "WAR ¦ Vfi MEXICO . ¦ LiVEnrooL , Monday , Four olctocK p . m . —Thepacket ship Fidelia , Captain Hackstaft ; has arrived in the Mersey , having left New York on the 16 th ult ., and completed her first voyage across the Atlantic in a little less than twenty-six days . Don Manuel Rincon , General of Division and Constitutional Governor of the department of Mexico , has published the following proclamation ; -. ' The MinisS . * i } 0 $ Foreign Affairs has communicaXsd- to methe following decree ; - — ¦ -.: '¦ ..-: '¦ " Jose Joaaui » . d . e Hevmr , General of Division , and Presiaent ad interim of tho Mexican Republic ,, to . the citizens thereof . "BeU known , that thei General Congress "lias decreed , anutheExecuUvQ sanctioned the foUQwn ' g : 4 '• £ ^ e Natiwwl Congress of the Mekipan Republic , considsriBg , — - ¦ ,- ¦ ¦¦ ' •¦ . - ¦•
- . " -That the . Congress of tho ITn ^ ted States , of tlic yortli hw , by a decree , which its Executive has sauQUpjiec ! , resolved t ' j incorporate the territory of " Texas witli the " Amw ' : cattUnion :. ¦ : ¦ ¦" , . ' ; :: .. ;¦ ' ' '¦ - . • : ; , * " That tiiis mannw of appropriating to itself terriories upon which o , tlicr nations have rights , introduces a monstrous novelt y / enaangering ine peace of the worW , and violatins the sovereignty of nations : ¦ . " That ' . tbis usurpation , liov consummated to the prejudice of Mexico , has been in insidious preparation for a long time ; at . tl \ e same time that'the most cordial friendship was proclaimed , arid ihat , on the part of this Republic , the existing treaties between it and those States were respected scrupulously and legally :.
" That the said annexation of ^ Cexas . te the United States tramples on the conscrvative ( principles of society , attacks all the rights that Mexico has to that territory ., i » ah insult to her-dignity , as . a sovereign nfttiftrt , and throatens her independence and politic ?! ei ^ te ^ cc ; . ' -. , ;• ., " That the law of the Unitea . Stj ) t > s , in reference to the annexatiOR 4 f Twa ' s to ttie TJnit ? a States , does in no ¦ ty ipo
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destroy the rights that Mexico has , and will enforce upon that department : . ; ¦ "' That the United State * having trampled on the pri ,,. cipks vluclt served as a basis to the treaties of frien ^ liio cormnerce , and navigation , i > : « d morc-especinlly to those ot boundaries nxod witli precision , even previous to 1 S 3 ' > they are considered as violate * by that nation : "And , finally , that the unjust spoliation of which they mail to make the . Mexican nation the victim , gives her the elea * right to use all her resources and pwer to resist , to the las&moment , said annexation" It is decreed" 1 . The Mexican nation calls upon' all her children to the defence of her national independence , threatened by tlie usurpation of Texas , which is mtemfcu to bo realised by the decree of annexation passed by the Congress , and sanctioned bv the President of tits- United States of the north . ¦ - ¦ - . ¦ . .. :
^ ' 2 .. In . consequence , the Government willcall to arms a . l tha- forces of the army , according to 'the auUioritv granted it by the existing laws ; and , for the preservation of puhho order , for the support of her institutions , and in case of necessity , to serve as n reserve-to the army , the Government , according to the powers- given to it on the 9 th of December , 18 U , will raise the ooi > ps . specified by saiil decree , under the name of ' DtfondaV&-of the indc pendenoc auil of the Laws , '• ¦'••' ' :: ¦¦' - ' ' ; .. i ¦¦ .
M 16 UEL . Autistan , President of the Deputies . " Fhanoisco CiLDEnoN , Pre 5 i ( lent . of tlic Senate . " Approved , and ordered to be printed and published , . . . " . . "JOSE JOAQOIN . DB ., ll £ WlEE 4 . "A . D .. Luis G . Cdevas , " ¦ : '¦ " Palace of the . National Government , '; . city . of Mexico , June -i . "
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MAitLDonouGir , Wiltsiurb . —A public meetin " of the meraUers ofthc Provincial Tailors' Relief Society took place in this town on Monday night last , to hcarii lecture by Mr . C . Mauiuler , ajrent of" tho Tailors ' Protection Society of Great Britain . ; A gooillv number was in . ittcndiince . Mr . Fostor was callcil to the chaiv ,.. anu introduced the lecturer to the meeting , who addressed them in an able manner for one hour and a half , to the great satisfaction ofall present Iho chairman then took tho ' sense of the meetiii " as to whether they approved of the principles of the Protection Society as expounded by the lecturer , so far as to become a section of the general body . The meeting having unanimously decided in favour of Protection , and agreed to form a section of the union on Tuesday , lfltli of August . A vote of thanks was given to the lecturer and chairman , and the nicetins broke tin .
Mr . Roberts ' Visit to South STAi'FoansiURE . — On Mondav ,. Aiigust 18 th , W . P . Roberts , Esq ., will arrive at the Wolverhanipton Station , by the halfpasfc twelva o ' clock train , when it is requested that the Miners of this district will attend and move in procession from the Station to Bilston . A public meeting will be held in the evening at six o ' clock , which mil be addressed by Mr . Ro ' berts ,. and two of the agents of the Miners' Association . Trams Oroasisatios . — Tire Woolcohders OP Bradford , three thousand in number , held a general meeting on Monday , August 11 th , and unanimously expressed their approval of the measures of the recent Conference , and transmitted their levy , in support of the funds , to the general secretary .
Iiie Nailmakers cp Belper , ¦ Derbyshire , also held a gener . il meeting ol' their trade , and expressed their approval ofthc labours of . the Conference ,, and transmitted their portion of the sinews of war to the Trades Office . ¦ Another Triumph for Labour . —The strike of tlic men at the Ardslcy Main Colliery lias-tcrminated . Labour has achieved another triumph . The employer , . afteradvertising .- ; for workmen , has been forced to , yield . It 13 very often remarked , and perhaps justly , that the great amount of money spent instrikesmight be turned to better advantage , but it ought to be remembered that workmen have no other . alternative . For instancehad these
, Colliers quietly submitted , to have had tUeiv wa ^ es reduced , all the other Colliers in this neighbo . uvho od would have sliared tlie same fate ; the men knew this , and ... therefore supported those on strike . A rumour has reached the ears of . . the Linen Trade ' s Committee , that Gelder is at his dirty tricks ngain ; he has been very , brisk with a fabric called checked holland . They are now done , and there is a slackness in the trade , and he . fancies this is another oppov . tunity , of p ilfering the men ' s wages . The committee of the Ljtien trade are determined to have this rumour , sifted to'tlie bottom , and if Gelder cannot live with paying the established list price , lie may give over aud go to his bacon shop .
The KwAnESBonouaii Weavers . —This ill used body of workmen are still on strike . The masters are still obstinate , and the men as determined as ever . Our employers are trying to defeat 113 bv setting all kinds of evil reports about . Sometimes ' , that the men are all turning in ; and at others , that we shall not have money ro pay the families with : but all this will not do , for all those reports are untrue . Mr . John Dooker visited the Woolcombevs of Bradford last Monday night ; he . was well received by them , and they came to a
unanimous vote to render us all the support in their power ; so that we do hope to prolong the contest until we compel our oppressors to yield to our just demands . As soon as our employers see that we are receiving efficient support , they will give in . Their only hope at present is that we shall be obliged to succumb for want of money ; they will be disappointed . We return our hearty thanks to all friends who have assisted 11 s , particularly to the Tailors of York , and ouv own trade , in Barnsley , Leeds , York , and Doncaster .
Lancashire Misers . —The next delegate meeting of Lancashire Miners will take place on Monday , the 25 th of August , at the house of Mary Marsh , King ' s Head , St . Helen ' s . Chair to be taken at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon . Tliero will also be a public meeting , which will be addressed by W . P . R 0 W 3 Esq ..., and several other gentlemen . The levy for the fortni ght , including general contribution and law fund , is Is . lid . per member . Birmingham Boot and Shoemakers . — The Boot and Shoemakers of tins place have struck one «/«>» against a reduction of wages , with every prospect of success . We extract the fol owing from a Birmingham paper : —The following resolutions were adopted by the unanimous decision of a special meetin" of the
lioot and bhoemakers' Trade Society , held at the Rose and Crown Inn , Lower Hill-street , Birmto" - ham , July 30 th , 1845 : —1 st . That this meeting of Boot and Shoemakers , after most serious deliberation on the proposed reduction- of wages submitted by Mr . Holmes to this society , together with other grievances existing in his shop , regret that he should have refused to comply with the just and reasonable requirements of the trade ; especially , from the situation and respectability of his business as an employer , being fully competent to continue -the statement of wages he has hitherto paid ; and trust that , upon mature consideration of-tlie already ill-rcmuncvated and oppressed condition of our trade , he will see the propriety of meeting the just claims of his
workmen , and prevent those conseauences so injurious , both to employer and workmen arising out of such circumstances . —2 nd , That Mr . Holmsa be supplied with a copy of the Resolutions agreed to by this trade : and that lie be respectfully requested to forward an . answer by ten o ' clock oal Friday morning , August the 1 st , that the present differences maybe brought to-a satisfactory settlemenfc , and everything ofanwnpleassmtnaturcavoMled . ; Signed on behalf of the trade ., J . Mason , president ; If ^ « e » , SM 1 petail ' y . The vate of wages submitted I to Mr . Holmes , by the Trado Society , has been subsequently approved of by tho non-society men of his shop ; wo , however , much-regret that he still persists in lmtedwclion . Committee rooms , Rose and Crown Inn , Lower Hill-street , August , J 845 .
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Prosecution of the northern STAR FOR " tlBEl ^ : v BY 5 THE NOTORIOUS MITCHELL OF PKESTON . ¦ ( fiVoni tluMorning Herald , Auyust Mi . ) |" NORTH WALES CIROUIT-CflESTEn . Aiicusi 7 . . "'; [ Before Mr . Baron hii-kc . ) : ; ' , " = ' ' ACTION FOR LIBEL . —M 1 TCHKLV V . O ' CONNOR . - ¦¦ : Mr . Townsend and Mr . Davidson appeared for tlic > plaintiiE . ¦ ¦ ¦ ; The plaintiff is Mr . Mitchell , of Preston ; in the adjoining count y , a gentleman tolerably weir knowriin the political circles of that district ; and'Mr . Fenrgus O'ConnoF . is the proprietor of the Northern Star hews- K paper . The parties Jiad been somewhat conneefcectiu > 1 lie political movements of the Chartist body : A The ^ piiumiff had 'attended a meeting at Miuicliestcvon tlie Ten Hours Bill , and made a speech upon it ; - and ¦ was A ' comments on that meeting that the
. ° plrtintiJt complained . The article culled Mitchell a League tool , " and a- " despicable tool ; " and went onto rcportaspceehof Mr . liobson , theprinterof the paper , who described Mitchell ' as liaviiig introduced the miscreant Oliver , tlic notorious spy , and bad given Ihjii the passwords , ¦ which had led to three men being hanged at Derby , and others punished by transportation and imprisonment . This was the libel complained of , and it was denounced by Mr . Townsend in most indignant language , accompanied witk an emphatic denial that it had the slightest foundation in fact . It was stated that ( he plaintiff had applied tor aii apology , which had not i . ucu made .
. Richard lhompson produced a certificate from the btamp Ottice proving publication . . . the alleged libel was then read . The date of the paper . was April 20 , 18-U . ' ' ., . Ueovfie llattou . —1 was agent for the Northern-Sutr 111 April last year , in 1 ' rts ' ton . I sold a copy of the paper to the plaintiff . The paragraphs allude to him . ¦•' ¦ Air . Junvis and Mr . Wbisby a { jpeavcd lor the delcndant . The 'former addressed the jury . at . considerable length , and said there was no evidence of an nuology haviugbeen applied for . lie animiulverted with considerable force ori the fact thntMi-. Mitchell had not sought reparation in the county where he was Known , and where the Norths * Star circulated ; but d here
: ; come , where he was not known , and where tho . Aort / jcm Star did not circulate . He ridiculed the whole action ' . is ' most trunipcrr "; and said that a person like Mitchell , who dwelt in a glass-house himself , should not throw stones . There was no doubt that Air . O Connor was legally liable fir what appeared m the -A ' ortfiern Star ; but there was no pretence lor saying that he had any tiling more to do with this- matter than lairy representing what did take place at a public meeting ; and ii that was done in a fair and proper spirit , although it might not confer the same immunity as was enjoyed by the bar , yet that was a circumstance , which' the jury could not fail to take into account iu considering theiu wrdict . ' lie said
that the only -charge against Mitchell was that he was tho introducer of Oliver ; but not that he was tlie spy and the commter .. The simple ellcct of the paragraph was that he had done that iimoi-ently no doubt but that he had . done it , and had thus Jed to tho catastrophe of which Oliver , tlie spy , was the corrupt author , . lie contended that 10 call a man a tool was no libel ; nov did lie think that to mention with opprobrium the connection of the plaintiff with Oliver was libellous ; but if the jurv should be of opinion that the paragraph was libellous , ample justice would Do done even lor . vindication , by taking a mitigated view ot it , and sending him from Chester , with a coin in his pocket , which would not much encumber him with the weight ol'it .
1 he learned Judge said the question was not one of character , but of vindication ; and if the jury were of opinion that the paragraph amounted lo a libel , then it was'their province to say what damages would satisf y the justice of the ease . If newspapers ' billy contained fair reports of occurrences , tlicn jurors were justilied in taking a lenient view of whatever occurred damaging to character ; but when they went beyond that ,, then juries should give exemplary damages . If what was spoken was libellous , and was also reported , it was no protection to the newspaper ' that the name of the speaker was given . There was no direct allegation that the plaintiff knowingly introduced Oliver as a spy ; but the jury must judge of the general meaning and intent of the paragraph . It was for them to say whether the use of the phrase tool" did not convey the imputation of a guilty purpose . If the jury were of opinion that a libel was committed , then undoubtedly defendant ; as publisher of the paper , was liable . .--. ¦¦¦ . ! " - . ' ; , Verdict for the plaintiff—Damages' '" ' : ' - < ONE FARTHING !* : ¦ : The Judge refused to certify , and ! " consequently each party have to . pay theirown costs . :, ; . ... !'
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PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT . < : Saturday , Aug , 9 . ' ' ^ '' ' . ' ¦¦ _ Parliament was this afternoon prorogued by tho Queen in pei-son . The ceremony took place somewhat earlier than the customary hour , in consequence of her Majesty ' s departure for Germany being also fixed for this afternoon . ¦ ' ' ' ¦ Her Majesty proceeded in state from Buckingham Palace to the " ancient Palace of Westminster " shortly after one o ' clock , and having entered the House of Lords , accompanied by all tlie Great Officers of State , took her seat on . the Throne , and after giving the Royal assent to a small number of Bills ' ; read the following gracious '' ¦ ' ' ¦ .-. ' ¦• .-..
. V ; .: ,: ; ,: :, SPEECH pOM . TIIE TIlilONE . ., ' ' : . "Mf lpnD 3 ; AND , ' G £ NTI , E 3 IEN , ' ' ' . / ' ] . . _ '"'' . V . . " I rejoice that the state of public business enables . ine torelease youfroni further attendance in Parliament j . , "In closing this laborious session I must express to ! you my warm acknowledgments for the zeal and assiduity with which you have applied yourselves to U 13 consideration of many subjects deepl y affecting the public ' welfare " I have given my cordial assent to the bill ' s " which' you presented to me for remittingthe duties on many . unifies of import , and for removing restrictions on the free ap-1 plication of capital and skill to certain branches of our manufactures . ¦ " The reduction of taxation will necessarily cause an immediate loss of revenue ; but I trust that its effect in stimulating commercial enterprise , and enlarging the means of consumption , will ultimately provide tin ample compensation for any temporary sacrifice .
" I have witnessed with peculiar satisfaction the unremitted attention which you have bestowed on the meo , surcs recommended by me to your consideration , at tlie commencement of the session , for improving and extending tlie means of academical education in Ireland . ' : " You may rely upon my determination tV carry those measures into execution in the manner best calculated ^ o inspire confidence in the institutions ; which have received your sanction , and to give effect to your earnest desire to promote the welfare of tliat part of my dominions . . "Promall Foreign Powers 1 continue to receive as ' . surances of their friendly disposition towards this country . " The convention which I have recently concluded with the King of the French for the more effectual suppression of the Slave Trade will , 1 trust , by establishing . a cordial and . active co-operation between tlic two Powcrsj , afford a better prospect than has hitherto existed' of . - complete success in the attainment of an object for which this country has made so many sacrifices .
.. - . " Gentlemen of the House 01 ? CoasipsA . "I thank you for the liberality witli . which , you . have voted the supplies for the service of the . cuv . r 9 nt . year . . " Mt Loiids and Gentlemen , " ... "On . your return-to your several t counties , duties will devolve upon you scarcely less . , important than those from the performance of which ,, I uo . w relieve you . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . . " .. '¦ ' :- / ' yi : , ' - -P " I feel assured that you will pitsm . ote . and coafiEra ^ by your influence aiid exampk' , that , spirit of loyajtj ' -and contentment which you will find ,, generally '' nreraient throughout the country . ' J > " Ia thedischarge of all the fa »( itions . oivtv , ust 5 ; d . tii jou for the public welfare , you may cpu . ljdently r-ely on ' niy cordial support ; and I implore the , blessing of Bivine Providence onourunitedelYoststo . cncpurfigetlieindiustry aud increase the comforts of my pe . ople , a » d to . inssulcatettoso religious and moral orinciples . winph . iWQ tU * surest oundation of our security , trod happiness . . . - ¦ - % 'm / w / MKrAuwwutw ¦
The Lanj≫.
THE LANJ > .
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Distmriji Acoidksi . —About balf-past ten o ' clock on Friday morning week , as a heavy four-wheel waggon , drawn by two horses , was passing along Mavohinont-street , Burton-crescent , a boy about twelve years of age got under the body of the waggon , and held on by tlie spring close to ono of . tho wheels , j where he remained swinging to and fro until the waggon reached the corner of Complon-street , a distance of about ten yards , when the wheels , upon the side upon which the child was hanging , suddenly came upon a very uneven part of the pavement . The shock occasioned by this was so gveat that the poor lad was throws with ere . it violence I
between the spokes of the wheel , with his head aiid arms projecting through them . In this position he was carried up and jajomed between the wheel and tho body of the waggon twice before the driver was aware of the fretful torture his progress was inflicting . Tho horrible spectacle the body presented when taKQjiyp can scarcely be described . A stretcher waa immediately procured , and lie was at once con . Teyed to the Now ; Hospital , in the Gray ' s-inn-road , I when ' life was . strange to say , pronounced not to be . totally . extinct , - although both legs , arms , and " every rip were literally crushed ; nor were his sufferings terminated by dcatlj up , to two o ' clock in the ftfter-J fiOOn , ' ¦¦ -:- ^ ' -,.: ;'; . ¦ : •' ¦ . - : ' ¦ . ' . '¦; : ¦¦
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Sehious AcciDEsi . —Thc ( iireetoK o ? tne "Woolwich l ' acket Company , held the » - annual excursion down the river on 'JSuesday , but the pleasures of the day _ were consiuei i \ bly intemiptqd by an accident , which occurred t& > the stoker when- below Gravesend . on the passage to , Slieerriess .. It appears he had been sitting at dinner , at his usual place in tho engine-room , when , ' without rising , he endeavoured to reach a small jar ' containing his beer , which waa j upon the floor , and / losing- his balance , fell forward under tho small piece- of iron designated a ltey in engines on tlie direct action princi p le , and having lost his presence of mind to push himself back , ; the downward , action , of the key cut his thigh ve » y severely . The engines were promptly stopped ^ and the-poor sufferer extricated ; but ¦ a surgeon being fortunately on board , his assistance was immediately obtained ; and tho wound closed and the blee&ng stopped , in the best manner undor the circumstances of the
case . 1 lie directors then resolved to , proceed with , all despatch to Sheerness , in the hope- of having the stoker taken on board the Ocean guard-ship , but the commander , after consulting with the surgeon j said he considered there would be more danger in taking the injured party on board hia vessel , and then transferving him to Chatham , than there would be in conveying him to the placo where he would have to remain . It was , therefore , resolved to return at one © and place him on . board the Dreadnought hospital * shin at Greenwich , and tho pwty unanimously agreed
to this yesolution ' of- ' tlie directors , " to do a \ l in the ' ic poAvor to alleviate the Bufferings of the steker , who is a married man , named Charles Albert , and the father of several children . Tho company hot ; only relinquished their anticipated day ' s pleasure , butalsosubsovibed a purse for the poor man , aiid about £ T was collected . The stoker was immediately taken on board the Dreadnought , he ' has had every atteition paid to his case , and is going on as woll a | 1 souldijo expected-. ; „ . •• •* • " - ' ¦ ' •'
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J ^ l VliL m 405 - ^ Q NJ ? 0 N , SATURDAY ; . AUGUST 16 , 1845 . Klr ™» ^ raTOEor . — -= ~ === ===================== == ===== ^ - . give Shillings and Sixpence pev Quarter ^^
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CJZIC / , U fA *** _ mm ___ _ - ' ' ^' . T'l 7 . J / r :: " -I-J"Vj { . V ;;—' AND IATI 0 NAL ^ RAPES' JO UMAL . ^ F ^ r t ^ im _ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ .- , ^ ^ _ . ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 16, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1328/page/1/
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