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•— t6"taT£ors. 1 * jnstpfibHdwA i ¦' _ _ _ <mtmae=2 Autumn
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Untitled Ad
. r . i . pusmOKS for tB 8 LONDON « d ^ "JfJS . « . ConduiU . trMti s ^^ assssssra sS ^ SsasasLisssE ^ rae iwVading tn Intermedute riporVsummer Sd ^ S * i * eTerynece » sary informationthroughout ^ irfenSa Hrerj Plate , wairantea the most mefol in A- te . de ; wsren patterns of ffurmenta , and a book of tetripfi «» . *«« JfnWQttijlfc ^ TTtoJvBBtolePUtes—2 fs j fyT spring and wunmer , Ko . 3 for autumn and winter- price ( with thrfiubions or litery plate ) i ti . each . Tht work on Cuttinj , in numbers at Is . fid . each , as uuaL Scientific cutting taught , and garments or patterns cat for the trade . —Oteerre the addrew , « s « bOTe .
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: : > TOTAn , pRs . . .. - . Br » yprob » tiott of Her Most Bxcelfent Majesty ' Queen rictori * and His BoyttlHighness Prince Albert . mHIXOSDOK and PABIS FASHIONS for Autumn X and Winter , 1845 and 18 * 6 , ready earlj in October , b / SKAD and Co ., 13 , Hart- « treet J Bloomsbury-soiuare , L « ndon ; Berber , Holywell-Street , Strand , London , and may lie had « f ail BookieUers trharesoeTer residing ; a » srj superb Print , represeutius the most splendid exhibi . tion in EuropB , an * Interior View ef the Colosseum , Eegeot ' s-psik , Load « o . This- exquisitely , executed arid fieautifiilly coloured Print will be accompanied with fullsizeDress ^ rrock . andEilingGoatPatterns ; also , "Patterns oftheXcw Fashionable Polka Frock , and locomotive Biding Coils , aad aa extra fitting Fashionable Waistcoat Pattern , with erery part complete , and a full explanation of the maBncr of cutting and . making them up ; also 9 extra plates , ineladinj 3 sectors , 4 for catting fancy coats , 4 for wals ^ oats , the other for cutting Coat Collar Patterns , in proportion , for all sizes , so that any person may complete the whole in the most correct manner , without a prerious knowledge of any system of cutting irhateTer , Price ( as usual ) the whole , 10 s ., or post free to anypart of England , Ireland , Scotland , and YTales , lls . System of Cutting , 25 s ; Patent Measures , 8 s the set . Patterns , post free , Is each ; to be had of all booksellers . Tor particulars , see "Townsend ' s Parisian Costumes , " "Gazette of Fashion . " "London and Paris Magazine of Fashion , " the "london and Country Press , " &c .
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TO ALL WHO CAN'T PAT ! TlllfEDI ATE Frotection , and a prompt and safo fiaal JL discharge , without the interrention Of a Prison or an Attorney . A discharge to Debtors is now imperative , because Imprisonment for Debt is now penal , notreme . deal . —Debtors of all grades will be benefitted by applying forthwith to John 3 . Benstead , 22 , Basinjhall-street , near the Court of Bankruptcy , London .
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&RBAT BKITADT MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY , 14 , 1 V 4 TEStOO . fi . 4 CE , LOSPOS . DISECTOB 8 . : The Chishohn , Chairman . ¦ w-ffliam Korley , Esq ., Deputy Chairman . Hcnrv S . Barber , Esq . James John Kioioch , Esq . JohnBrishtman , Esq . Henry Lawsdn , Esq . Francis Brodigan , Esq . Henry Penny , Esq . Jamas Wm . Deacon , Esq . . Robert Power , Esq ., M . D . Alexander K . Inine , Esq . . The Rev . F . W . Johnson John inglisJerdein , Esq . 'nckery , A . M . " " . - » aoditoss . C . B . Rule , Esq . T . C . Siinmoas . Esq . 6 . Thomas , Esq . PHrsicuw . . . ; .: , ., John Clendinninj , U . B ., F . R . S ., 1 C , Wimpole-street . soucrroB . Walter Prideaux , Esq ., Goldsmiths'Hall . B&NSEBS .. " Union Bank of London . ADTASTAGES OP THIS INSTITUTIOX . The whole of the Pro . ' < t'indedAHNCALLT among the Members , after payment of fire Annual Premiums . - An ample zuaranteed Capital , in addition to the Fond continually accumulating from Premiums jiiHg sujicienl to afford complete security to the Policy-holders . HALF CREDIT KATES OF PREMIUM . The attention of Asscbebs is particularly directed to the Half Credit Rates of Premium , by which means Assurances may be effected , and loans for short periods secured with the least possible present outlay , and at a less premium than for short terms only , aadivith the option of paying up the arrears and interest , and the difference oetween the two rates , thus becoming entitled to participate in the iclioU of Vie profit of the institution . EXTttiCT FEUH THE HALF CREDIT BiTES OF PBEHIOM . WITHOUT PBOPITS . Age 2 o . j Age 25 . Age 39 . Age 40 . Ageoi ) . Age 60 . £ s . d . £ s . d . i £ s . d . £ s . d £ s . d . £ s . d . 017 li 018 9 j ; 1 1 lj 1 8 2 2 10 3 4 2 WITH PKOFITS . Age 20 . Age 25 . AgeSO . ! Age 4 » " . Age 5 O . Uge 6 o . £ s . iU £ a . d . £ s . d . ' £ s . A . £ s . d . i £ s . d . 1 Olljl 3 Ol 5 8 11311 2 8 3 o' 315 11 Thus , for example : —A person in the twenty-fifth year of his age , need ouly pay 18 s . 9 d . per cent , yearly for the first fire years , and afterwards by paying up the remaining half with interest , and the difference between the * abovo rate ? , he will be entitled to share in the entire profits , which it is expected will reduce the future payments to little more than half the original Mutual rate . The GkEiT Britain is the only Society in which this very great accommodation Is given to the Assured . Transfers of Policies effected and registered ( without charge ) at the Office . Claims on Policies not subject to ie litigated or disputed , except with the sanction , in each case , of a General Meeting of the Members , to be specially convened on the occasion Members Assured to the extent of £ 1000 entitled ( after payment of five Annual Premiums ) to attend and vote at all General Meetings , which will have the superintendence and control of the funds and affairs of the Society . Full particulars are detailed in the Prospectus , which , minever ; requisite information , maybe obtained by application to A . TLIRYVSE , Managing Dlreaor . ' Ag » ms wanted in Towus not pre-occupied , and applications irom respectable and influential parties addressed to the Managing Director , at No . 14 , Waterloo-place , Lon-S » . will meet with immediate attention .
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SHEFFIELD AND LINCOLNSHIRE JUNCTION RAILWAY . X y trilEREAS , KotweB Yrete duly published in the W niout 3 i of November last , in the London Gazette , the Sheffield and Itothcrkam Independent , the NoUinqham , journal , - the Berivsldre Courier , the lincohijlml'snd , and Stamford ' Mercury , sad ths Lincoln Standard Newspapers , that application was intended to le made in the then next ensuing Session of Parliament , for leave to bring in a Bill to incorporate a Company , and to give to such Company power to niakeandmaintaln a Railway , " commencing by a Juj ; c : ; on with tlm Sheffield , Ashton-un ^ er-Lyne , and Manchester Railway , at or near Obbrne ^ street , ia the Township of BrightsideBierlow , in the Parish of Shefieid , In the "West-Biding of the County of York , and to terminate at or near a place known by the name of Whinleya , otherwise Weiham . Whinleys , in the Township or Hamlet of Welham , in the Parish of Claiborough , bthervrise Clareborough , in the County ot' Nottingham , and thence by means of two diverging communications or branches , one of such communications or branches to commence by a Junction wltb inesaid main Line , at or near the said place known by the name of Whinlevs , otherwise Welham Wninleys , in the said Township or Hamlet of Welham , in the said Parish of Clarborough , otherwise CJarebordnigh , and to terminate at or near the Port of Gainsborough , otherwise Gainsburgh , upon or near the Bank or Wharf , on the West side of the River Trent , in the Parish of BecJdngham , in the said GonpiyofKbttingham ; and the other of such commumrctums or branches to commence by another Junction Tviih the said main Line , at or near the said place luiowH by the . name of Whinleys , otherwise Welhaci Whinleys , and to terminate at or near the High-street , in the Parish , of Saint Mark , in the City of Liueoln , ' arid Connty of the same City . And also to make and maintain a Branch Railway from and ont ef the said intended main Line of Railway , in die PansVof Handswortlij . iii the' West Ridins of the said County of York , to join the Midland Railway , otherwise called the North Midland Railwar , in the parish of Beighton , in the countv of Derby . y ^ v And also to make and maintain another Branch Railway from and out of the said intended main Line of Railway , in the Parish of Aston ^ cnm- 'ADghton , otherwise Aston , with Anghton , in the West-Riding of the said count ; of ; York , also to join the said Midland Railway , otherwise called the Norta Midland Kailway , in ihe ^ aid Parish of Aston-c ' nm-Aiighton , otherwise Aston withAughton . * And wflei"eas , iuch application was' made ia pursnanee * f the aforesaid Notices , and the Bill for makin « ise said -Railway ( save and except the said divergine communication or branch commenein" by a Jnncticn with the said main Line , at or near the said place known by the name of "Wninleys , otherwise Wdham iFMnleys , in the said Township or Hamlet Of Welham , in the said Parish of Clarborough , otherwise Clareborongh , and terminating at or near the High street in the Parish of Saint Mark , in the said City of Lincoln and Connry of the same City ) was ordered bf tiie Bffm of Gommons to be engross ^ ontby reason of the termination of the said Session ' noJrarther proceedings were had thereon . ' - No * . / pTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN ; that it is intended , in the aert Session of Parliament / to pre-SStlS ** 011 te *» HOBSB Of Commons for leave to £ ffcf ««««^ 4 Bffl so ordered to be engrossed , BS ?» tB £ S S ^^^ feiii- ;
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THE Undersigned continue to engage Passengers for FiraWnass Fast-Sailing AMERICAN PAGKET SHIPS , which average from . 1000 to 1500 Tons , for the followinff Ports , viz ,: — . KEW YOEK , . j BOSTON , PHILADELPHIA , KEW ORLEANS , BALTIMORE , ( BRITISH AMERICA , &e . Emigrants in the country car engage passage by letter addressed as underneath ; in wh . ch case they need not be it liTerpool until the day before the Ship is to sail ; and tfcey will thereby avoid detention and other expenses , bendts ««< ri « g « cfteaper passage , and b * vi » g iae best berths allotted to them previous to their arrival . For furthir particulars apply , post-paid , to JAMES B 2 CKETT t SON , , ; v . : North End Prince ' s Dock , Liverpool .
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COLOSSEUM . PATRONISED and . vlsitoi I > j bar Mast 6 r »« lous L MAJISTT Md . hi * B » jal Hi | bQMi Prise * ALB 1 ET . OPWr DAILT from Tern till Six . Pro-MBOMi by . th » Presi , and confinned by every viaitor to blithe moit perfect triumph of Art in its various raaefces , both by Say and Night , that has ever been achieved . Equal to < ix exhibitions . The Glyptotheca , outainuc worlo of the first artists ; Mont-Blanc ssd Mountain Torrents , Superb Conservatories , Gothic Aviary , CImiic Ruins and Fountains , Tanorama of London , re-painted by Mr . Parris , ic . Admittance , U . OhUdren , half-price . The Stalactite Caverns , the most oufnificent of all the temples which nature has VuUt for henelf in the regions of night , Is . extra . ;/ BVININa BXHIBITION , Qpaa from Eight till Klev » n , consists of an cmtiTclj new f anorama of London by night , erected in front of the day pieture , the largest in the world , comprising 46 , 000 square feat , p rojected and carried out by Mr . W . Bradwall , and painted oy Mr . Danson and Mr . Telbin . The Caverns , fcont Blanc , and Torront ¥ y night , the' Glyptotheca and refreshment saloon , trilliantly illuminated , forming a promenade perfectly unique . The whole exhibition dsiigaed by Mr . Bradwell . Admission at the door Ss . each . Pamily tickets to admit four persons , at 4 s . each , to be had at the North Lodge , Colosseum , from Ten to Six ; and at all the principal Librari * t and HusicseUcrs .
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TO THE EMBARRASSED—IMPORTANT . rpiIEEE are thousands of persons who have struggled JL long against the force of misfortune , but few are aware that by a very recent Act all small traders owing debts not exceeding £ 309 , farmers , and all others owing to any amount , can be entirely raised from their ~ difficulties at a small expense , and without imprisonment or bankruptcy . All such Mr . YTeston begs will apply to him at JJoira-chambers , 17 , Ironmonger-lane , Cheapside , by letter or personally . Persons summoned for small debts should apply immediately , as they . may thereby save themselves from frequent and lengthened commitments to prison .
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TEETH . MASTICATION and Articulation Improved and Guaranteed . —Messrs . DAVIS , Surgeon-Dentists , 123 , Pall-mall , opposite the Haymarket , and 1 , New Bridge-street , corner of rioaLstreet , continue w supply teeth , guaranteed never to discolour , break , or decay , and fixed without springs or wires , without extracting the oid stumps , or giving any pain . A single tooth , 5 s . ; a set , £ 5 . Loose teeth fastened . Scurvy in the gums effectually cured . Stopping decayed teeth . Price 4 s ., Davis's Hermastican : aU \ arsons can use it themselves , as full directions are enclosed , and can he sent per post .
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~ " GOALS . PROVIDE FOR WINTER . TJROVIDENT FAMILIES , subscribing Is . per Week to I the Metropolitan Coal Company ' s Shilling Club , can obtain four half tons annually , without further charge , fines , ic . .-. ' - . ¦ , ' The Company ' s price current is , Best Screened ¦ Wallsend , 25 s . per full ton ; Seconds , 21 s ., 22 s ., and 23 s !; Coke , 17 s . 60 . . - Office , 219 , HigbHolborn .
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METROPOLITAN SEWAGE MANURE COMPANY ; ( Provisionally registered . ) Capital £ 1 , 500 , 000 , in 30 , 000 Shares of £ 50 each . Deposit £ 1 per Share . rrtHE object of this Company is to supply ( at a quarter JL ofthe cost of stable or farmyard manure ) the sewage water of the . Metropolis to the surrounding country as manure by mechanical means similar to those employed by the Watsr Companies . ¦ " : A careful and moderate- calculation has been made of the annual outlay and income , from which it can confidently be stated that the undertaking will realise a net profit of at least 15 per cent . - Prospectuses , containing full particulars of the plan , and extracts from the reports and authorities upon ¦ which the estimates are based , may be had on application at the temperary offices ^ of the Company , No . 5 , Bernars-Btreet , or will he forsrarded to any address . Applications for Shares to be made in the usual form addressed to the Provisional Committee of the Metropolitan Sewage Manure Company , at Messrs . Bailey , Shaw , and Smith's . 5 . Berners-street .
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EQUITY AND LAW LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY , No . 26 , LINCOLN'S-INN-FIELDS , LONDON . .. . s , ; ,. , ¦ :.. ¦ ¦ Capital £ 1 , 000 , 000 , ^ 10 , 000 Shares of £ 100 each . ¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ ' . . . . . XBDSTEES . ¦ ....- ';¦¦" - i ¦'¦ - •¦ ¦ " ¦ '" ¦ - ¦ The Right Hon . Lord Monteagle . The Bight Hon . the lord Nassau W . Senior , Esq ., a Chief Baron . ¦ .. ' ¦ Master in Chancery . TheHbn Mr . Justice Cole- C . P . Cooper , Esq ., riage . ft . C , Ii . L . D ., F . » . S ; The lion . Mr . Justice Erie . George Capron , Esq . DIBECIOB 8 . . John E . Armstrong , Esq . Henry H . Oddie , Esq . Thomas Wm . Capron , Esq . Sir FrancijiPalgravB . I ' . a . S . Mr . Serjeant Clarke . , J . Phillimcre , D . C . L . ; John E . Clowes , JBsq . F . R . S . William I . Denne , Esq . George W . K . Potter , Esq . Sir Fortunatus Dwatris . F . Newmon Rogers , Esq ., Francis Ewart , Esq . - : Q . C . Samuel I . Fearon , Esq . . George Booper , Esq . : N . HoUingsworth , Bsq . / Nassau W . Senior , Esq . John H . Koe , Esq .,. Q . G . E . Wilbraham , Esq ., Q . C . ¦ ADDIIOK 8 . ¦¦¦¦ ¦ . J . T . graves , Esq ., F . R . S ., R . J . PhUlimore , D . C . I ,. - C . H . Moore , Esq . , " Eric Rudd , Esq . " ... T B 4 MKEBS . ¦ ¦ Messrs , Hoare , Fleet-street . SOLICIIOSS . Messrs . Lucas and Parkinson , Argyll-street , Regent-street . . - .:. f HT . SICI&V . Robert Willis , M . D ., Dover-street , Piccadilly . sobgeon . ; B . Atkinson , Esq ., King William-street , City . ; ,. actdass and secbetabt . J . J . Sylvester , Esq ., M . A ., F . R . S . Assurances are granted by this Society on the lives of persons in every profession and station of life . ' - : The Assurednave the option of participating in the pro * fits , or of effecting their policies without participation , at a reduced rate of premium ., u f- ij . ; .: four-fifths of the : profits , of the : Society are divided every five years among the participating members , in the form of an immediate or reversionary bonus , or by reduction of premium , at the option of the Assured . Where a life assured by another ¦ has gone oeyond the prescribed limits without the knowledge of the party interested , this Society renews the policy on the game terms as they would have required for its continuance bad their consent been previously obtained . ' ; ' ' ' . As 3 urances for which immediate despatch" is required may be effected on the same day that they are proposed . ' The Tables of Premiums , founded oh the Government returns of mortality , for- the whole kingdom , have been calculated oh the lowest scale consistent with security . . Prespeutuses and information relative to Assurance in all its branches may be obtained by applying , personally or by letter , to the Actuary at the Office . Applications . from Solicitors ia the country desirous of fictiag as Corresponding Agents of the Society may be addressed to the Secretary , . . . The usual commission allowed to all Solictors . - No shares will he allotcd after the 5 th of November , except to members of the profession , who may be ap . pointed CorrespondiBg Agents of the Society , from whom the premium will not be required . ; - ¦ - ¦ ¦ '" :
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; : " . - .., JUST PUBLISHED , - = In one volume , foolscap 8 vo ., neat cloth , price 7 s . ' 60 , ' r ' THE PURGATORY : OF SUICIDE ^ A Prison Rhyme : in Ten Books : ^ .. BY THOMAS COOPER , THE CHARTIST , ,: J . How , Publisher , 132 , 'Pleet-street . " i ©' Orders from the Country to be sent through the Booksellers . MR . COOPERS NEW WORK . Just Published , in 2 Tols .,. 12 mo ., Price Fourteen Shillings , WISE SAWS . . . . .... , AKD ¦ ' . : . ; ¦ '¦ . MODERN INSTANCES . A scries of prose Tales and Sketches , composed in Stafford Gaol : among which are : — ¦ ' ' Kucky Sarson the Barber ; ot the Biseiple of Equality . Saves Dick the Poacher ; or "Who scratched the Bull !" ; Tim Swallow-whistle the Tailor ; or "Every dog has his day / Master Zerubbabel the Antiquary ; and how he found ouvtlic "Xoose-larning . " Dorothy-Pjecroft'spreaching ; or "Charity begins at home . " , ' ; ' .- ' , ' ... , ; TheBeggarcd Gentleman , and his crooked stick . The " nurture of a Young Sailor ; orthehistory of Cockle Tom . '¦"¦¦ ; ' - . '¦' . ' :- . ; ' _ ' ; ' .. . - .. ' ... ; ' . . ' .. - ¦ . --; Thelastdajsofan Old ^ ailor ; pr " Butter your shirt —sicg't « ntara-bobus , inaie sbift' /' , : ; , - - - The Msn . fh ' at brought Us ninepenee to nought .,.-, The Lad that felt like a fish but of watav . . --, ¦ ¦ ' The Minister of Mercy . — " Merrie England" no more . ' ¦ . ; . Signs of-the Times ; orOneParaonand Two Cleris , &c ., &c / « ¦ •;¦ - . ¦¦;;¦<¦ ¦ " : ;; ' j . / " ;/ . : ; ; : V : , » , . --PubiiibcdaisobyMr . How , ritetstreet , about to remove to 309 , Piccadilly . " J . , ,:.
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THE CORN LAWS—THE FAMINE .-THE " RAILWAYS , AMD THE LAND , v : The hurly-burly into which the suddea volcanic eruption of railway speculation has thrown lis , together -with the fascinating prospects that tho importation of cheap corn from abroad may arrest the progress of famine at home , may probably furnish our experimental Government with a pretext . for accomplishing a measure against which a more sober state of society would protestr-a total repeal of the : Corn Lnws . It may be urged by abstract reasonera and interested speculators that the present' season of prospective scarcity is hot only , a fitting time , but the very time , at which the . corn of other countries should he admitted free ; : ' r
. As , however ; we have at all times devoted much care to the instruction of the working classes , upon this all-important subject , we feel ourselves now more than ever bound to caution them against any participation in a change which must inevitably add all the horrors of revolutionto the miseryof famine . It is a fact admitted on all hands , that every . country in Europe has more or less suffered damage in all the articles . of food , while , at the same time , in order to gull the landed supporters of Sir RobertTeeIj , it . is
ingeniously argued that the general failure , together with the protective policy , of other governments , would have the effect of raising the price of corn in foreign countricg to a standard at which it could not be imported into England to that extent which would materially affect the price of corn at home ; Already do the several speculating journals furnish \ J 3 . wtth the market price of corn in the several wheat growing countries , from whence it might , with prospect of profit , be impoited into England . .: ;"
Now ijever was there a greater delusion , inasmuch as the price abroad , however high it may rate , would furnish no scale whatever as to its value when once imported into this country . As with labour , so with labour ' s produce—it is tho amount in the market that regulates its price . Suppose , then , that all the foreign speculators are at this moment engaged in anticipation of an Order in Couiicil for opening the ports of England to the free importation of foreign corn , and suppose that anticipation to raise the market
price in foreign countries , so that relatively , to their distance from English ports they could not afford to sell their produce at less than 70 s . or 80 s . the quarter , to hold out such an argument to those / who may be thereby induced to consent to the experiment would be " a mockery , a delusion , and a snare . " . England is now supposed to be capable of abstracting at a sweep £ 30 , 000 , 000 from the active capital of the country to invest in moonshine , while cotemporaneously her capitalists and manufacturers can boast of a roaring trade . .
It is for such a market that the importers will speculate , should foreign governments allow the food of the country to leay ? their shores , it ^ rill be the amount of corn sent here upon speculation , and not the price abroad , that will regulate its' sale in our markets . If we require four million quarters to make good our deficiency , foreign speculators . will not arrange their supplies accordingly ; but will compete" for priority , and hence the ' richest market in the world will be drugged ! 'not only with , the spare corn of other countries , but with as much as can be put ; chased in the hope of remuneration . The landlord ! and farmers will then discover the effects ' of Free
Trade in such a reduction in the price of produce as will astound them . The first effect of such an order would be ; precisely similar to that produced . by Sir Robert . Prai / scattte ; Tariff in 1841 . The effect of thatmeasure was to create a panic so sudden , among the graziers and feeders ; that in the anticipation . of a supply from the Continent , which was not in ^ exifltence , they glutted , the meat market to . an extent which reduced its price for some * time nearly onehalf . This change was temporary ^ a : fewwerei partiafly henefitted , whiie the farmers , who sold under the apprehension of the panic , were considerably injured . ' ¦ ¦ : ¦ ¦ ¦ - - ' -k :. " " ¦ ' ¦¦ ' v f : ;; - '" . ' :. ' ' . ; '¦ "
Such . would , be precisely the effect upon the grata market , of an Order ia Council to open the ports for the free importation of foreign corh . No sooner would the order issue'than every thrashing machine and every Sail would be put into active operation in order to anticipate foreign competition . ^ Such would be the effect upon the farming interest , while , " during the season of panic , not a ' farmer would be found sufficiently speculative ; to : give employment to ,, the
agricultural labourers , and as a necessary consequence , this immense body of men would either be driven , as competitors '¦ . into Ythe ; . manufacturing market , or convertedI into free livers ( for ^ thieves we could not call them ) upon whatever they could , get ! Thus we caution Sir Uobeet Peei , not to seize that opportunity which an unhealthy public opinion , ' inflated with bubble speculations / may present for'the iwcomplishment of a > measure ; the consequences , of which the wisest cannot foresee . ; . — .-.
There ia : no policy more dangerous'than that of seizing capricious , opportunities for experimental eglslation . j The unhealthy state into which the Government has allowed railway and other speciilations to fall , must inevitably saddle it with much of the threatened disaster "from , ' famine . It , ia ludicrous to read of the nice mechanism , . the chemical operations , and economical management , T » y which . the whole people are told they MAY EXIST through the present calamity , while , we assert ,
without fear of contradiction , that the anomalous position into which railway speculation has led hundreds of , th 6 usands' ; of idle non ^ nfeibuiwra ^ JmateriaUy adds to the danger of the national malady , by the wasteful " consumption of whole flocks . of' Vote ' of prey ^ iiot one of whomearhsanwrael that he piita into his mouth . ' ! Yes / we assert that , an ex-cat ' » - meat railway director , with a family of fivej-will consume and waste more than five . respectable families of five persons each . , . ' ...
If our . Co-operative Land Association numbered half a million , and if the shares were paid up ; we should then enforce a repeal of the Cora Laws from the Prune Minister , ini order thatiwe . might thereby be nabled to repurchase the . usurped Land of the country at half its present price ; and if the importation of the produce of foreign countries was ' TJEiEiJ found injurious to our agricultural Association of 500 , 000 , aye , or even ; 100 , 000 , each with his musketj ; th ( iy could then shut the ports , and open them at discretion ; or if we were now living under the provisions of the People ' s Charter , we might be induced to open
the ports , because we would be enabled to turn the change to national good , and to correct it if it became an evil .. For all . these reasons we have . como to the conclusion that the whole railway system which has hitherto worked so much injury to society , and so little good to the poor , where the . managers can prevent it , must be placed under the control of Government . That the possession of the Land alone by the people can secure them against calamities , in producing which they alone are irresponsible—that the Government of the country must be an emanation from the whole people , and not a kind of one-aided
ladder , with easy " rungs" for the slothful , the privileged , and the idle to mount by , and a soaped pole for the industrious to slip down . While we Vfrite thus despondingly upon subjects now controlled by . irresponsible and thoughtless men , let us not despair ; the crash of their own creation is at hand , and its inevitable effect must be ¦ to throw into our ranks the discontented of all classes , and . their name will be Legion . When an army trained in idleness , disaipatioh ; lewdness , and luxury ; is disbanded , they become
excellent weapons of agitation . They are not easily reconciled to their transition from the lap of ease to the field of labour—they complain , and are heard , or they strike , and are' felt : ;¦ And soi with the . railway bubble when it bursts-rail the insects that now fluttcr goigeously init , and about it , > will be loath * ohce more to tetura to the counter , the stail , the lapboard , or the cat ' s-itieat , and , a 3 a ; busy : swarni , will boz angrily about the ear of faction , and if not heard and attended to , yrUl sting the eyes' of the wilfully blind . So with the honest agricultural labourers
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: who are # ^ parish ^ butjfcb / be driven ruthlessly from the 'field of toil where they were will ^ to ^ slaye without a murmur ; so long astliey ^ were allowed ' to preserve , a wretched exiatence for another hourof misery—they , too , will murmur , and their hungry ravingsi will echo through the rocks and the caverns , while ; the valleys
will blaze with the ligkt of their indignation . So with ; the pompous trades and proud mechanics , who are now willing forgers of their own fetters ; they , too , will wail , and though we shall have less pity for their sufferings , we will embrace them in the national regeneration corps , and admit tkem to a-participation in the battle and its fniits , which must be the triumph of justice over injustice , of knowledge , over bigotry and intolerance , and of liberty over tyranny , THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER ; ' and . ¦ . - " THE LAND !
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Potatoes of t ^ re tQi $ ^ the averageJ . crbpX The . acre of oats , -producing ton barrels and four stone , at fourteen stone to the barrel , will grind into-about eleven hundred , weight of meal , at eight stone to the hundred weight , when the shelling ? are taken off . If we allow three pounds and ia half of meal to a family of five for the day , one hundred weight , will , serve for thirty-two days , andj eleven hundred weight will serve for 352 days . Thus we find that an acre of oats will furnish food ; for a family for one year , in addition to tho straw , while the produce of an acre of potatoes will support the same family for three years . < M MB ^^^^ BM ^ B ^^—^ ¦ — ¦ - ** ™ " ¦¦¦¦¦¦ ¦¦ t -
New , let it be borne . in mind that flour and oatmeal are things always bought and never grown by Irish ; labourers , and only produced by fawners for the payment of rent , while the potatoes are more or less grown by the whole labouring , class , and we find that the' dreadful word traffic , steps in to augment the grievance when the necessity for living upon bread or porridge arises . . ¦ : Again , in the South and West of Ireland , farmers usually have as many acres of potatoes as of wheat , as wheat always follows the potatoe crop , and they
invariably have a greater number of acres of potatoes than of oats , as all the waeaten stubble is not always devoted to oat crops . This rule will apply more extensively to all the small farmers and labourers upon the Continentof Europe , who invariably have a much larger portion of their land under potatoes than under oatSi .. Tliuswefuraisli anunem » g table by wliich the . loss of the potatoe crop as regards the labouring classes may be estimated , and we close our observations , for the present , [ under this awful head , by remmdmg the wealthy ,. the proud , . the arrogant , tho thoughtless and over-secure , of the old adage , that " HUNGER Witt BREAK THROUGH STONE WALLS . "
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misappropriation- of "the funds . ¦ By section q «* / Geo . fv . e 56 , these penalties should ? Lf 5 m the rules , and I have therefore addedXff that effect . ( See Rule 16 a . ) u ««« a rule to By section 33 , of the same Act , a fullstatemenf , the unds , Ac , must be prepared at least XfK ** and ] every member is to be entitled to a codv r > Paying a sum not exceeding sixpence . Th&jL ? j tthe found intheaddition whk IbvenaSj fl ? - s im 10 the P laces of meeting must be sd <* - Sf f the r « les , ;^ by section 27 tho names $£ arbitrators should be entered in the book in which it rules are entered . Th « 6 S 6 ctit , nS « renowpiv& for in rules 16 b and 21 . vmi < i w . By section 33 of the same Act the auditors sko ,, u be members of the Society . ( SeeRule 10 ) ld a J « JSrS aPP < Jar t 0 ^ tlmt ^ other ' wtiouj TLle . Oct . 28 , 1345 . Hb ^ ^^ n * . ^
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, , , ,. 'V ^ FAMINE . " : ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ - ''¦ " _ • ' Howsvxb subtle , shrewd ; and ingenious the Prime Minister inay be—and we do not mean to assert that Sir RoBBBT . PjBEii ; is deficient in any one of these qualities—there is . an enemy now stalking to his house which cannot be stayed or arrested by the tardy process of Parliamentary inquiry . The slow and slugglish waiidle . of . commission , committee , or even
adjourned debate , will fail to keep pace . wuh the ac . tive bound with which famine is coming to our . door . " Live horsej and you'll get grass I" has been the tempting bait offered by Sir Robert to the several parties upon whose fears of the coming of a greater hobgoblin he has been sustained in office . . If Catholics complain of exclusion from one college , he tells them they shall have four colleges . If Churchmen complain of the "heavy blows and great discouragement" aimed at their power , he freely opens his own purse , in the hope that legislative defection may . be allayed by individual benefaction . If the
landlords hang a murmur upon the rumour of his defection from their heretofore cherished and privileged order , the rod of Free Trade is shaken over their shoulders . If threatened with revolt from within , the prospect of a long continuance of office , and as long an exclusion from place , cheeks opposition and silences complaint . Large landed proprietors are ready to bd dragged through the political mire so long as their countenance and support shows a balance in favour of patronage in account with reduced rents , while the colonies and home pickings
constitute a refuge ibr their destitute offspring . All the means of Government furnished by those ready appliances will fail , however , when the Right Honourable Baronet has to deal with the great recruiting sergeant—hunger . Hence we find that the b ' . ackflag has been suspended over that citadel which promiaesat once the 'easiest " conquest and the most prompt relief . The citadel of monopoly is doomed , and must fall ; and if the rum of the chief officers alone was to be the result , we should nothing mourn the crash .
However fatal the inevitable consequence of a repeal of the Corn Laws must be to the landed proprietors of this country , and all who , as creditors , have olaims upon their estates , we could look tamely on while ' the shock waa rousing them to a sense of their injustice , subserviency , and thoughtlessness , were it not that a moro innocent , meritorious , and much more numerous , clasa must participate in the disaster . Such ever must . be the-caae in a country governed without institutions , if a calamity occurs against
which other nations can provide by a partial , alteration in their policy ^ and without inflicting permanent evil upon anyparty . The Government of England in like caseB . is compelled to make an assault upon the weakest party , as , an offering . to appease what a just system of Government might have averted . Underjtanother ^ headvWe ' have distinctly Bhown the impossibyity of repeah ^ g the Cqrn . Laws without the certainty of increasing the famine ; and now we shall endeavour to direct the attention of our readers to
that . univeraal calamity which is marching onwards with rapid strides . ;•; . { : . o / "Aa ^ early asi the month of July last , we announced the certainty ' of a ; defective wheat crop- ^ a calamity of itself quite , Buffioient to disarrange our ; house of cards ; blit ^ wien ^' aggravated . by , the failure , not only of the potatoe orop ^ bufc oi ' nearly every other crop , calculated to make the stoutest heart quail . There eems to have been a universal-blight ; Throughout the great growing countries the vine 3 have been ' ex-. tensiyeijr ; [ damaged . In Italy ; its effect upon 'the mulberry , irces was such as to . compel the . great silk growers to * iestroy in many instances more than one half of their silk worms , and the blight struck the
leaf of the mulberry tree precisely as it struck the leaf of the ; potatoe . The turnip crop will not ; only prove deficient in quantity but bad in quality . The wheaVand . especially the late wheats ' which , has . not been yet offered for sale , will be incalculably deficient in yield ; Thebat crop ia abundant in straw but inferior in quality . : Hence we may reduce our prospects to almost arithmetical precision thus—if a partialfailureof the wheat ' ; crop in England alone excites . considerable alarm , what must be the effect of a failure in all the articles of food nearly all over the world—at least / over those portions of the world from- whence supplies can come within salvation reach ! ? - Answer . Famine—unleaa ¦ * atrested by a
measure which will compel those who have hoarded aU the profits of labonrmtMes of pro ? perity : to . adr minister to the general / want in the trying hour of adversity . And why should * it nbt be so ? How often'have we denounced the system which caiiaea aU the viaitations of God to fall alone upon those who araleast capable of bearing them 1 ' In this season of tribulation will the Queen surrender any of ; the luxuries of life ? "Will the peer , the commoner , and tfi |'; capitalist , who , by their own rules ,, laws , and regulations hare amassed all . that belongs to all , « pen ; their ; purse , steinga , ^ or ^ riU the y to ' mpt the Almighty ' s wrath and a hungry people ' s vengeance ? Do they suppose'that the' speculative resolutions of buyers and sellers , and traffickers in
human food will stay'the ' monster's march ? , Do they imagine that tho chemicarprocess by . whicha little starch may be ; extracted from rotten potatoes will gave their order from that responsibility which now legitimately , ; legally ; morally , justly ) and . religiously dev 61 ves upon them ? V We announced more than two months : ago that nearly all Europe had sustained more tha na one year ' s loss in thejpotatoe crop .. We pointed out th ^ 'difficulty , and were the first to do m ; of procuring seed . for the ensuing year , and how all admit the fact . ' We stated that it was . an infection which would hot eease when the' p . ofatoes were digged , but like a contagion : would spread amongst them when stored , and that we were right each sue . ceeding day furnishes additional and lamentable proof . ;¦ ' ¦¦ - , " :: -, ;; ' . / . ., ¦ . ' . ' ¦ ¦ •¦ \ . ' - ¦ - •¦ " •¦ ¦ - - --
-We shall now briefly show the value of the potatoe crop as an article of human food as compared with the value of the oat crop , which comes nearest to it in ^ egree , and is relied ; upon as a substitute for its failure ; An aero of potatoes we will take at the loiw average stated by the Times' ; Commissioner , in his letter of Tuesday last ( produced as a second crop upon reclaimed land ) at about 12 tons to the acre . Oats he estimates' at ton barrels and four stone to the acre .
Let us now see the amount of support afforded relatively by the two crops . A man , his wife , arid three children , will consume two stone of potatoesi . ' a day . There are lQOstone . in a ton , which , consequently , would supply eighty days' food j this , multiplied by twelve , the number of tons , leaves 960 days' provision for thp family ; add to which , the man will be : able from the . offal to support a pig from three to four months old , alw « i ys selling ; him at four
months , and' replacing bim with ' another of three months old , as the amount allowed for use would not feed one of a larger size . ; The profit , we allow upon the sale of each pi g' 2 si 6 d . ; a ' nipnthj and Itherc being about . two years and seyeii ' months ' in theMQ days , leavef a gross profit upon the sale of £ 3 7 s . 6 d ., which ,- at the prdinary . prices of potatoes ( 3 d ? per stone ) , 'would / procure ^ d fbr about ; i 5 a'day 8 j () V fiye month' ^ 'i Tlius / wo ; show that a . family of > five can live for three years upon the produce of an acre of
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; THE CHARTIST CO-OPERATIVE LAND SOCIETY . At foot we give the opinion of Counsel upon the Chartist Co-operative Land Association , and , however it may differ from our own prejudice upon the question of enrolment , we felt bound to submit the caso . to Counsel without the slightest reference to our own feelings upon the subject . We felt that dealing with the interests of thousands , who cheerfully confide in us , that their protection , their salvation and welfare alone should be our primary consideration ; and we rejoice to find that the attention of Counsel has been mainly directed towards the protection of
the shareholders . The opinion we feel convinced will be read by all concerned in tho undertaking with equal delight as by ourselves . In the meantime we recommend the careful perusal of the opinion to every member of the Association , while we congratulate the working men upon the creditable andlegal manner in which it appears the rules have been drawn up . It must be observed , that , while the principle of ballot is discountenanced , it is not illegal , and for this reason , because it doe 3 not violate the statutes against gaming and lotteries , inasmuch aa compensation , though deferred , is » fforded to every shareholder ; of tho Society .
And , further , when Counsel says that , if not enrolled , the Society will come under the provisien of a certain Act of Parliament ,: he does not mean that . its establishment is a violation of that Act , but that the non-enrolment would simply , under its provisions , entail upon us certain expenses which the enrolmerit ; will save us . We are minute' upon these subjects ; to show that "the working men have not violated , andlthat we have not connived at the violation , of , any statute when we recommended the non-enrolment of the Society . Again—we have to express a hope that the several localities will proceed with as little delay as possible : to make the necessary arrangements which we hereby appoint to take place at Manchester ,. on Monday ; 4 he 1 st day . of December
next , . for the forthcoming Conference . Meantime we request that our good friends in other districts will not allow themselves to be so much alarmed by tlie Manchester resolution , for this simple reasonthat even if the suggestion were prudent , the carrying it out would be impossible ,, for two very natural reasons-- firstly , jbecause the directorswould not bejcapable of performing the ; iequired duties , as it is not likely that practical agriculturists will be appointed to the office ; and , secondly , because they could not be : in twenty places .. at the > Bame time : nevertheless , the ifenchester members , as'well ' as thosei ; of any > ther district , have a ' perfect ; right' to make such suggestions and ipass sucEresolutions as they think proper ; while we beg to remind the Shareholders that theiv
Conference must ' eonsist of members who will have an equal interest with all others in the ~ suceess \) f the plan . No principle can be sacrificed , no member of Conference , let him act as he ; may , can be suspected of any : greater crime than ignorance of the subject , as each will be his own and his equal ' s representative . All members joining between this time and the 24 th day oi November , which day we hereby appoint for the election of Delegates : by Shareholders , must pay up the levy in order to entitle themselves to a vote for ^ Delegate . ¦; \ / .. ' : ' ' . ;; . „'¦ ' ' . Thomas ^^ Mabtu , ; Wmeiji , eb , ; . Feargus O'CoNNon . Thilip M'Gbath . ' CHMSToritER DoTLS . " Thomas Ourk . ' . ' ..- .- v : :. ¦ ' . ¦ ¦¦ -.,- ' . ^ ¦ . .. - Secretary .
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OPIsipNON THE CHAHTisr CO-OPEKATIVB LAND SOWETT . ; The oijject of this Society , thoughnew in character 13 undoubtedly legal . ;;; ; : : ' . . ; , # 'It professes to ' give to the working man an interest in the soil of his country , by allotting to him , as a ) ermanent property , a portion of the land on which he bestows hissluu and labour . ' , : - : . ¦ , " ; So ; far is this object ' from being illegal , that its attainment would beVfa ' vburableto . the maintenance of peace and order ^ the ' promotion of industry , and thedramuuimor " ennie ^ : t \ - ' ' - , . ' I am , neverthelessVof opinion -that it is necessary for the secdritj ¦ of"the shareholders , and the full success ofHhe ^ plan , that " the society should be duly enrolled . ; under the Friendly and Building Societies Acts , 10 Geo : IV . c . 564 and ' 5 'W . IV . c . 40 and 6
, , and 7-.-. W . IV . c . 32 . . Independently of the ; adyantages dh-ectly afforded by those Acts , this Society , . if not enrolled , will come within the provisions of the recent ^ statute relating to , Jpint-Stpck Companies , 7 and 8 Viet . c . 110 , whereby greater . expense would-be incurred , and more siririgept regulations imposed ; Among ; the . benefits to be derived from enrolment the foUowingiaay be enumerated : — ; .-1 . The rules are binding , and ' may be legally enforced .. ¦ : : ¦ ¦ - ¦ : " !' - - . ¦ ¦ ¦¦ . •¦• . ; . ; ¦ . _ ..:. , .. ; . _ ., " .. ' : . . . ?• P rotection is ^ iveni tomembers , " their wives , and children , m ; enforcing their just claims , and against any fraudulent dissolution of the Society . ., ' 3 « s TO maiy remedies are given for the punishment ot iraud committed with respect to the prooertv of the Society . ; ... " J
4 . Disputes may be finally settled by reference to arbitration . ; &' Documenti arc exempt from . Stamp duty , i i , . ine rules , as placed before me , appear to have been drawn up with muchcare , and scarcely admitof mate rial am ^ endm ent . I think the electi on of occupiers'bv ot , or ba ! 1 ot . w open ; to some objectioti , which . it may be advisable ,: though not absolutely necessary to avoid .. Such ; a mode of election . would not ptobabk » e / n iwringement of the , ' statutes against gamins and lotteries , ) ( 8 Geo ; I . c . 2 , and 12 ( feeTil ! S 28 ) because each shareholder has a certain interest avaii-S fhaflt rri ^ ano * ;; but > et . it seems to £ & woSSo ? i ? niar difficultie 8 to the
. i ^ riW- ? Parable course , that they Who should . hrat pay ' up the full amount of tS shares should be fet entitled to the allotments- 'I W altzedthe . rules accordingly . ,-Theadontionnf will prevent the disappointment of those who draAv »™ \ yhere ; they expected prizes ; ,, each . bK holder . will feel that it depends upon h ' imseltand not upon chance ^ y whetn br h ^ occupation bead-7 . ance | l . or retarded m . point of time ; greater exer tiOM will be made for' the early payment of ffil and tiie accomplishment of tlic undertaking wiUttms ^ more speedily effected . There will be nodffculty should Buppose , m the purchasinu ofland : S lunos
? ne , are . once collected , and under iudic on , management ,.. a ^ ^^ L . m ^^^ ZSS SSi ^ T ' ^ otm ^ , it > ill pj course be Ses . T & ^ 3 J SgS £ «« S ^^ ££ 8 S * fc * S 5 Sffi v i " r ? - * $$ tion ° ? the offi ? e ^ "ill ueiiendiniiol , if not all , of , tho successof the S 6 cieW- 3 « u ? 7 lKS 5 S ? sK ^ gS pmlttasWJ be im vmiti ™ SB 0 ? °£ y S
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IMPiORTANT SUGGESTION FOR THE PRE SERVATIOi \ OF THE POTATOE CROP . ' Since our notice of the threatened famine wag written , we have gleaned more general information upon the awful visitation , all of which will be found in the following sad and melancholy , list of Ireland ' s lamentations . Much as : we may sneer at the " STARCHY" recomnieudatioHS of scientific gentK
men , ; who live upon the fat ef the land , nevertheless we are bound to assist by all means in arresting the spread of contagion , and to that end we call parti cular attention , to $ 0 plan recommended by tte Rev . TV . Le Poor Trench , Rector of Killerenan . He recommends that the potatoes now in ground should not be digged , but that they should have an additional covering of six inches of earth cast upon them . Now , ' this is a grain of wisdom in the sack of wild
speculation , and is a plan which experience justifies . It is the custom , when potatoes are digged , to put them in a pit , and cover them over with dry straw ; or ferns , then covering all over with a heavy coat of earth ; In this state they will keep from the middle of November till March , or April , tho shoots growing long but feebly through the covering . When the pit is opened , the process of vegetation is found not to have damaged the potatoes from which shoots have grown j to any material degree , indeed ; not at all , We never heard a . single complaint . If , however , those at present uncontaminated are pitted with the smallest portion of the infected , all will go , and the value of Mr . Trench ' s proscription over all those of the seientifics , is . that it will arrest the infection
more effectually * than any other plan yet recommended , while It will preserve the crop from the effects of frost . If this plan be extensively adopted , the following must , naturally , be the result . Those potatoes now infected will rot in the ground , and those that have escaped will give cheering notice of the fact by shooting above the covering in due time . This is the best and cheapest mode of carrying out the packing system recommended by the Netherlands' Society . To this we add the following notice : « - " We would strongly recommend all who have straw or old hay , or dry ferns , or , what ia still better , peat , to cover up their potatoes yet undigged , and allow them to await the process of vegetation , which will prove their soundness , while they will be effectually protected against frost . " .
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The " Peoplis ' . Paper ' . "—The Northern ' Star , which was established to uphold the rights of labour , has lately adopted ^ rather queer method ' s ^ of iilustratipg its sympathy with the classes whoso " rights' ! it advocates . ' Though acclaiming against machinery as the enemy of the working classes , the Nokthebn Stab did not hesitate to establish a steam press to print its weekly impression—dispensing with pressmen ; and all hand labour that could bedia . pensed with . This , of course , we do not complain of , as we print oiir own paper by machinery , and could not print the number required without , it . But then , we do not keep up the circulation of our paper among the working classes by running down machiaery . The Stab has been
m the practice of denouncing all mill-masters , manufacturers , and other employers , who dispensed with . ih& labour of men , and hired in their stead Bo ' ts and women . No terms were too bad to be applied to such " oppressors " of the labouring classes .: / Win it be believed , that the Kobiucbk Sxab is now got up almost exclusively by boys ' labour , and that all the men , with one exception ( and he cannot be done without , } have been discharged from the office ? And , meanwhile , the Stab continues to preach up sympathy with ' the labouring poor , and to denounce thoae masters as " vampires , " &c , whose example it i » so ready to follow , when a prospect of greater profit presents itself .
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THE "LEEDS TIMES "• AND THE ! "NORTHERN STAR . " To Mr . M'Gowan , Printer , 18 , Great Windmill street . Sir , —I beg to call your attention to the enclosed paragraph , which appeared in the Lads Times newspaper of the 18 th of October , and to request an explanation of the statement from you . I am aware that it is going agreat length with a tradesman with whose arrangements I have no right to interfere , further j than a 8 ' regards the proper execution and timely printing of the Northern Star ; but , at the
same time , I feel assured that your knowledge of my position * with the working , classes , as well as my fixed opinion upon the rights of labour , will induce you to set me right with the public ; while , at the same time , after an extensive connexion of ten years , as employer and employed , I crave your unbiassed opinion of my character as regards an employer . Again expressing regret that I should be so far forced to infringe upon your domestic concerns , I remain , sir , Your obedient servant , ; FEAnous O'Connor .
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16 , Great Windmill-street , :, V : : ' Oct . 30 th , 1835 . , Sib , —I have read the paragraph in the . Leedt Timet respecting the modein which the printing of the ; Northern Star is managed , and , ih accordance with your wish , I make the undermentioned statement in contradiction of that paragraph . . ¦ The editor of the Leeds Times , in allowing himself to minister ^ to the malice of some unprincipled and dishonest workmen , and in his eagerness to damage a publication of opposite politics , has inserted in his paper a tfesue of falsehoods .
, , ;! It is untrue that . the . Northern Star is now , or ha 3 at any time ; been , printed exclusively , or nearly exclusively , by apprentices : it is untrue that there is ? nly <> no journeyman employed upon it ; and it is untrue that , any journeyman / has been discharged from the companionship . - 'Not only are these assertions untrue , but the contrary , is so notorious = to any one acquainted with the office ,. that the informarit . of the . I « ec ? s Times must have ; been perpetrating a wilful falsehood in making the communication which the editor has printed .
Since , th . * Northern &ar . has been printed by me I have paid in ; wages to the compositors * 682 l 13 a . 5 d . ; of which surji £ 53 i 2 s . 9 id . has been paid to com . positbr 3 receiving the full-amount of their earnings , and £ 287 . 103 ; 7 id . has been paid to the apprentices . ¦ jTherejai-eat this moment eight persons on the COmnambnshipwho i'ecelre the fill wages , and those wages are calculated by the scale ' recognised ( indeed enferced ) by the men themselves -and of these eight , I believe five ; belong to a society in London , vhm memhors make it a special part of their business to keep the ; closest watch upon the movements of the employers . 1 ; -n - - ¦ '' ¦ - ' - ' ¦ '
'" : SomejouVneymen' haye laiely left my employment , but have left of their own accord ,-. they have left me in the expectation of benefitting themselves by taking situations on the raUwaypapera now starting up in such abundance on all sides ; ' ,: Touchirigtlie questionW ; ap ^ rehtices generally , I do not believe ; there are more , in this office than are tobe founu in ; most Londomhouses ; and , leaving the ¦ Starcom panionship out of the calculation , IknowoE no office , where thereare so few . ' "
r : In giving this pointed contradiction to the nasertions ^ of the edit or of the ie <^ f , ^ fes ( a contradiction that can be confirmed by any one either now or heretofore in my employment ) , Ihope it will be so far satisfactory tojyou , as to ; release me from any future necessity of wpupying . th eicoiumns of the Star by a detail of my . private business ; •• : ; . ; ¦¦¦ ¦¦ - ¦ ' ¦ ¦ : .. . Imake thw Statement fovyour satisfaction , and in ; oppositiontomy - owninclinationsT'I do ^ not recog - nisetherightof any customer of minotock me to account for the manner in which the domestic economy ol my office is conducted . I manage my business fo
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 1, 1845, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1339/page/4/
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