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WHAT WILL THE PROTECTIONISTS DO?
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Corre^pmiUentr.
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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES, FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY.
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fQiitt JnfeHigntre-
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DEATH- FROM EATIXG P0IS85-0US BERRIES.
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J Tonign iflobtments
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COBOXEKS * IXOUEST3 HELD LAST MoSDAT.--By Mr.
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Shocking and Fatal Occusrence on tiik Gheat
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Fall op Tiihi:k Mouses.—Yesterday thvee sm.<l.
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Military OuTBXGK.rwEarly on 1 uesrjjy mnnunu,
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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" And J will war , » t least in wards , ( And—should my chance so happen—deeds , ) "With all i ? ho war with Thought !" - « I think I hear a little bird , who sings Sfae people by and by will be the stronger . " —Bykos . REVELATIONS OF RUSSIA . KO . VI . So little is known of tbe Greek Church , in this country , that a & «• extracts from the chapter illustrative of the history , dogmas , and organization , of this most numerous tut one of all the Christian sects , will interest our readers .
THE OR . SC 0 BUS 3 IAX CHURCH . The national faith of Russia is well known to be that of the Greek church of the eastarn empire . By fte coagent of the Greek patriarchs—ieo much occupied , after the fell of Constantinople , with their own safety to feel ambitions—it was allowed to detach itself in 15 S 3 , and Jefr to its own government . At this time , the patriarch of Constantinople , having travelled for the pnrpsseto Ifoscow , anointed its metropolitan Job , as the first Bussian patriarch , giving him thus ths supreme authority over all tb . B faithfiilinthe Muscovite Empire . The
separation wai thns peaceable and amicable , and it is only in a ¦ few forms and ceremonies , but not in any of its dogmas , that the Bnssian tirarch has since differed from the note establishment . Few meters arenot aware that the Greek chnrch bears the closest resemblance to the Roinan-eatholic both in its tenets ana its rites ; the differences which exist are indeed so insignificant , that the Greeks and Bomans term each other reciprocally only sehismaUes , reserving the epithet of "herelies ? to a n » OM determined departure from the ibid , such as that of all "the sects which hare sprung from the Reforms of Luther and of Calvin .
The Greek chnrch is said by theologians to differ in forty-one points from the Roman-catholic ; but some of -these distinctions are so subtle as to escape altogether the preception of an nnsubtilizing inqnirsr . The most important is but trivial , with the exception of what relates to church , discipline , and the independence of papal authority . It acknowledges , as the only rule of Us -faith , the Holy Scriptures and the authority of the seven 5 rst general councils ; but the interpretation of the declarations of the cne snd ths decision of theother is only allowed to its patriarchs , which , in the Russian church , are represented by the "HolySynoS . " It acknowledges tie creeds of Nire and of St . Atbanasins , and holds the -doctrine of the Trinity , trat differs from the . Roman catholics in believing the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Fa"ther alone , and not from the Father and the Son .
The Greek church denies the existence of purga--toi 7 , bafc permits prayers for the dead . It inculcates a profound veneration for relics , repudiates carved images of the virgin , ' saints , &e . ; but command ; painted representations . Predestination is one o ! tie chief dogmas of the Greek Church . The secular priests are not only allowed , but compelled , to marry . PAST AM ) PRESENT STATE OF THE RU 3 SU 5 PIUE 3 TH 00 D . After the creation of a patriarchal 3 ee in Russia , th < - 5 atriarchs , in a few jears , acquired in Muscovy 33 much temporal authority as the popes in the middle ages tier * ched over the rest of Europe . They tool : the first seat after the tsar , who on certain occasions was forced to told their stirrup ; neither war nor peace could be undertaken without their Massing , a&d they 2 md a power of life and death over all his subjects ; even the united tsar and boyars were always obliged to yield to the patriarch and his clergy . One of the first steps of Peter the Great V 13 to d . « 5 troy thfe iropjrwn in irapero , turning the vices snd ignorance of the clergy against themselves . Bj -means of firmness , cruelty , and ridicule , be succeeded in -utterly subverting the hferarchial power ; the faith itself be left standing as a useful instrument , but wrenched it * direction from the hands of the priests
On the death of the Patriarch Adrian , in 170 D , Peter utterly abolished the patriarchal office , asd declared him SJlfheadof the church . Ha appointed an exarch , with Tcrj limited authority , immediately to preside over all spiritual afiair 3 ; hnt , twenty years after , he abolished the exarehy also , and instituted the " Holy Legislative Synod , " which still continues to this dayjo govern them , under the immediate cognizance of the emperor , who , besides appointing toe meraberaof sjnoii . chosen from tut ligher clergy , is always represented in this assembly b » tia ober-procurator , a layman , wiw can oppose all their isolations till submitted to the decision of the emperor When Peter began his reign , one-half of th e lands -of the empire are said to haTe been possessed by the priesthood . The most hideous crimes are charged against the priests , monies , and nuns of that time ; aad strange orgies , and fearful crimes , even at the present day . are said to occasionally disgrace the Ilnssian ( Greek ) convents and monasteries .
The Russian clergy are divided into three classes—the -areairei , the black clergy , and the white . The archire ar » the superior authorities of the church , and comprise -tea metropolitans , ths archbishops , and the bishops . The black clergy , or tehomoi duhonenstco , is the monastic portion of it , froaa which the former must be chosen ; it comprises the archimandrites , or abbots ; tbe hegumins , abbots of the smaller hou 3 ss of recmsion ; " the ieromonachs and ieradeacMis . who perform divine service in the monastries , and , lastly , the monks . Both the black clergy and those who have ri 3 n from it ars obliged to lead austere and rigid lives ; they are forbidden the use of animal food , and ara not permitted to marry after they lave entered thi 3 order . They are very wealthy , bnt wealth can have but few attractions for them , unless in
¦ fha case of those who fee ! a satisfaction in the consciousness of the possession of gold , although they cannot apply it toanyof fhO 3 e purposes which make it coveted by men ; s ^ d ob the whole ^ at the present day , those belt acquainted with the subject laud both their learning and tfaar piety . As much cannot be said for the secular p .-5 e 3 ts . theoiotoe diAovensto . or white clergy , who officiate in the cities and parishes , and appear the plebeians of this body . Thay are divided into protopopes , popes , deacons , sacristans , and readars , and are too often eranfcen , profligate , and grasping characters , extorting grseatly every farthing t !» e can from the superstition 5 ? ¦ their flock , and neglecting no means of working on it . Ij tij common to see them intoxicated , and very uncommon ~ to meet with one who has not got a pack of card * or two
about him , which heproSucM directly they are m request , Ifine-tenths of the remuneration attached to their office arisai from voluntary contributions , which they practiie every method unscrupulous ingenuity can devise to \ rr = » t from His fears ana hopes of their flock , who usually look xipan the priest as tha chosen of Heaven , in whom many things areallowable which would not be so in the layman ; juntas they see the man who wears the Imperial Tratton pilfer and rob wUh impunity , whilst the retribnfioa of the lash awaits tbe moujik who should venture -on the same course . Oa the other hand , the duties -which the Russian secular priest ought to perform are » a arfiaaos and exorbitant that the church Ceremonial alone would fi'l up all his time , an
The long monastic service of the chnrch must be performed three times a day ; he mesi attend to the administration of baptism , marriage , and the burial of : he dead , with all the complication of their numerous and inter xanaole ceremonies ; oe is enjuined to visit the sScfc , to -comfort and instruct his flock , and he has , besides all ~ thi 3 , to look to his « wn p ? cnmary interests—tbe only ipirt of all this catalogue which he neTtr r . eglectt . unless -wSen other duties liapysn to go hand-in-hand with it .
TBS ETJ 85 IA 5 CHURCHES . The 8 ebniiain ? s are usually large , built either of wood -o- brick , in the form of a square , a quadrangle , but especially «» the figure of » cross . Thera i 9 & peculiar and picturesque aspect about their seari-Asiatie arehitselura , gad tbe well-known enormous mO 3 que-like domes , either blazing in one shee t of gilding or silver leaf , or painted . green or blue and studdad with gold and silrer stars . JBesides the larger , thtre ire generally four smaller domes , which ara apt to assume too much of a pepper-castor ap--pcarance . The belfry is commonly ieperata from the 'CliUVcn ; it Often rises in a columa-like stee ; Je , f rom ths E 2 : dst of the churchyard which surrounds the house of -worship . TheRusrian foible for enormous bells , wehave long since read of in every elementary book of georgraphy .
The interior of tha churches is more striking than imposing . Decked out with a pompous magnincence , -which renders it gaudy aa 4 glittering , the Russian clergy Cave not had the art of iavesdn j it with that chaKictt-r - f solemnity and grandeur which , in the Roman-catholic catcedrals , involuntarily fills the breastof thebeholder with awe and veneration . In the true spirit of a harb iric people , they liave sought in a mass of paint and gilding , ^ n rich stuffs , and in a display of gold , silvca-, and jawcl-Isi >> to produce the effect which the intellectual Italian- ; BOi ; btlntlW > ideal concepdos » 3 of architecture , of scul pture , and of paiuGns , embelttsnins indsed at times witu taa much finery , but never depending on the mere gorgeausness of decoration .
The church is divided into three parts . Tha inr . er and most holy division , ontaias the alter , on which is Kased a massive cross of gold or silver , and on it a richly bound copv of tbe Scriptures is placed , clasped with bands of silver or gold , often richly set with precious stones . The second division , intended to VuUtflin the congregation , is the name of the church ; it is separated from ihe altar part by the IkOHOstaa , a kind of screen . on which are pictures of our Saviour , of the Vitgin , of tlifi apOStlW and saints , and containing in the middle what are called the royal doors , wattn are shut or opened to a
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Bible in their churches , retreaching certain books which they consider too immodest to be brought into ahouse o ) worship . Even tbair clergy very « eldom possess an entire copy of the Scriprureg . Their church books are all written intheoldScalvonic , in which language the ser viceisalsoperformed , aadwhich resembles the modem R r" 4 * ^ w 111 ^ DI ! aTl ? M thB E " S lisl 1 toB S ot ihe rei n of King Henry the First assimilates to taeyn »«« K ?* ?«« present day . « -. — - The " fasts" of the Russian Chnrch are long and severe , and occupy , on the whole , man titan Judf the year ! All the peasantry and lower order of the
Russians are profoundly devout , and blindly superstitious . The landed aristocracy , most of the employes , and many of the mercantile class , have ho faith in the popular belief . Ornamented pictures of the saints , &c , are in great request . These pictures are in every house , and usually in every room of the house ; and before them the Russian is almost everlastingly crossing himself . " Even under the piazzas of the market-place these pictures , richly-chased in silver , and illuminated by lights , gratify the piety 0 / buyers and sellers , and draw from the passer by the sign of the cross , and a fiva-iapeckpiece . "
The Russian Church , like most other churches , has been guilty of many cruel persecutions towards schismatics of its own creed ; hundreds of the sect whose principal distinction was , that they signed the cross with three fingers instead of with two were burned alive by the last patriarch and Peter the Great ! The Russian Church has , however , never persecuted other communions altogether distinct from its own , such as the Catholics , Lutherans , Jews , « fcc . Yet the Chapter from which we have taken the above extracts , treats of religious persecution in Russia . Catholics , Jews , and Lutherans have been , and are being persecuted ; but not by the Russian Church .
The persecuting party is the Tsar . The Greek Church ha 3 never been a proselyting church , and therefere , ha 3 wanted the motive which usually stimulates reli . gious persecutors .. Themembers of the Greek Church , like the Jews and the Scotch Covenanters , believe themselves the " elect ; " a comfortable belief , because it gratifies their own vanity , and at the same tim < saves them from engaging in the useless task of attempting to convert the non-elect . Nicholas is not so liberal , he would have all his subjects and slaves of one belief in ail things ; hence , his persecution of thi Jews , and United Greeks , and Catholics in Poland and the Lutherans in the Baltic provinces .
The journals have teemed for a long time past with accounts of these persecution * , and some columns of this paper have at different times been occupied with the frightful details 0 / the tyrant ' s atrocities . It is , therefore , not imperative that we should follow our author in his sketch of these persecutions contained in the chapter before us . No one need suppose that Nicholas is himself the dupe of a fanaticism which prompts him to these persecutions , proofs in abundance exist that he holdin perfect contempt the creed lie makes use of for the promotion of his own selfish ends : here is an illustration : —
A certain monastery in the government of Minsk boasted of possessing tbe very cross on whi-.-h the R <* - leemer of the world was crucified , whereby this fortunate community bad succeeded in accumulating untold treasures . The emperor unceremoniously borrowed the greater part of thsir funds , and brought the cross with him ( on a pious speculation ) to be exposed in Moscow to the veneration ot the faithful . This relic , whole and intaet , ( notwithstanding the number of authentic pieces scattered through the churches In th < 9 very cily to whicl ) it was brought , to say nothing of the rest of the empire ,
ind which collected together might have sufficed to build -1 » bed for the entire one , ) when it had done duty in Moscow , was brought to St . Pctershurgh , aud exposed in the Kazan church , which , was besieged day and night by an unceasing stream of devotees . But piety at St . Petersburgh differed in this respect from piety at Moscow , that chougbit prostrated itself in as humble adoration , and * eat its breast with as much compunction and fervour , it did not open its purse-strings . Only some fifteen thousand pounds' worth of offerings repaid the imperial inge . nuity , whereas Moscow yielded ten times that amount . Cnistoak place about the beginning of 1842 .
The emperor has further enacted the farce of canon--shig some holy man whose bedy was discovered in a lerfect condition , but this miraculous relic falling to pieceBby exposure to the air , after an ukase had given aim place in the hierachy of heaven , and beingrecogniaed 13 the earthly coil of a very disreputable personage , Niclolas by another ukase degraded him from hit aaiutihip and banuhed his bones and dust to Siberia . So much for the rapacity and hypocrisy , as well as iruelty of the tyrant , Nicholas—Victoria's honoured juest—the pet of Ascot-racing blackguards and base sycophantic English aristocrats . [ Towards the conclusion of the article in last Saturday's Star , there appeared the following lines" The following extract describes—THE KSOUI AXD THE PLITT . '
The reader no doubt rubbed his eyes to find tlio "' extract , " for no such extract was there . Although the passage in the book was plainly marked for extract , the compositor had neglected to " set it up ;" we observed this in the " proof , " but finding it would then be inconvenient to transfer the extract to our columns we directed that it should stand over ; at the same time directing that tbe two lines above quoted should be removed . To our mortification we iiscovered , when the paper was printed , that the lines had not been removed ; but had been left to Wil the article and mystify the reader . The following is the extract which should have accompanied the two incomprehensible lines : —]
THE KXOCT AXD THE PLITT . The kaout is a long , thick , and strongly-plaited whip , at the end of which is a tongue of leather , something tbe ihape of an arrow-head , hut hard and heavy , It is principally the skill of the executioner which renders the instrument so formidable . He is always himself a con-• Iemned felon , who ii pardoned on condition of exercising this calling for twelve successive years . Daring this time heis incessantly practising , and can generally use hiskneut tritbsuch fffect as to smash a brick-bat to powder at the first blow . He has two ways of killing his
vicim when required : one is by binding a cord round the neck in sacu a manner , that by his own efforts the sufferer dislocates the vertebrae ; the next is , by cutting into tbe intestines , which he can generally do at once . This , however , excepting in political cases , or to execute the vengeance ot some official , be u novel permitted to do , and it is of rare occurrence that death is the consequence uf this punishment ; excepting , indeed , subsequently , on the two years'journey to Siberia , whither convicts are marched , chained together , and upon which a larga pror portion of them perish , whether they have received the
knout or not . The only difference between the punishment of tbe knout and ofthepKUif , that the latter , instead of beiDg administered in public , is given within the walls of a A ? ge , with an instrument a little less heavy than the kaout , aud from the strokes of which it is very questionable whether the culprit suffers one iota less . A further account of these instruments of torture is given In the chapter from -which we have taken the extracts contained in the above article : — The - plitt is a sort of knout , and in experienced hands is no less formidable ; and both are not , as it is vulgarly imagined , mere whips or scourges , but the most
formidable iustrumonts of torture and of execution evtr devised . By the plitt , as well as by the knout , the executioner can at every stroke tear out from the muscles on each s \ Ae of the spine , pieces of flesh the size of a walnut . With a fiend-like dexterity , the little horny ton » ue o * boiled leath ' . v , which is fastened on a brass or iron ring at the extremity of the heavy thong , i » just so much softened , by uippin ; itinmilk , at ta enable it , after bruising the flesh , to draw ont the piece by the power of sue t-nn . as we see schoolboys with a piece of wet leather and a string , lift up a brickbat . A few more strokes of the plitt than are required from the heavier knout will suffice to inflict a mortal injury , or to take life on tbe spot .
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Bedford , at the Grange , Carey-street , on tnc uouy of Mr . George Buckley , aged 34 , a paper-stainer , of 329 Strand . On the 26 th of last June , his daughter fell down stairs , and cut her forehead . Lpon seeing the c'lild bleeding , his wife called out to tlie deceased- " Father ! Father ! " At that tame he was upon the steps leading to a loft at the back o the hous ? , and , in hurrying down , he slipped and fell on the stoae flags in the yard and br ^ . ke his Ie _ g . Ve-Previous to
ceascd vot removed to the hospital . the accident , the deceased had been very unwea , and exceedingly depressed in his mind , and he iiatf frequently said " that he thought some heavy troubl-.-wr , 3 hanging over his head . The leg was set bv cne of the ; dressers of the hospital , and Mr . Partridge , one of the professors , saw him tVe same evening , and the li « l » went on very favourably for three weeks , wlien delirium carao on , and mortification followed . Mr . Ferguason perforate ! amputation of tllti lei ? Oil Tuesday week , but deceased died on Friday night .
" \ erdict . " Accidental death . " At tbe Wellington , Samuel-street , St . George in the East , before Mr . \ V \ Baker , Jan ., en John Maclean , aged 44 , a seaman , on board the Victor , lying in the London Docks . Ou Saturday afternoon , deceased was standing on the upper decks , engaged in removing some wool , with his back towards the hatchway , when he suddenly fell < lown to the bottom of the ship ' s hold , a distance of seventeen feet , fracturing liia skull , Verdict . " Accidental death . "
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THE INSURRECTION AT COLOGNE . g ( FromtueHmfs . ); The following extract from a priYate ~ letter , which iias been kindly handed to us for publication , gives i vivid account of a rery serious outbreak at Cologne : — COLOONE , Aug . 9 th . My dear , I received your kiud letter on Tuesday last , for which many thanks , and repl y to it in haste , sooner than I intended , fearing you might all be alarmed and anxious by the newspaper report * of the disturbances in Cologne . We have indeed very narrowly escaped a serious revolution , and although very great excitement still exists , 6 tiU I trust , by the Government not iiaving recourse to violent measures , that all will end « el ! . I must now gm you some account of the affair . It all arose from one of the kirmess's , or Saint ' s-day feasts , and had no political grounds whatever . last
Sunday was St . Martin ' s kirmess , which is held in that part of the town , near the Rhine , and where the market place is . Ou the third day of the kirmess , ( Tuesday , ) some buys wanted to let off ? ome fire-worka , which is not allowed here . The police interfered , and the people , who vere alreadymuch displeased by finding that piquets of soldiers had been placed about the market , baguu to inurmar . The soldiers were ordered to clear tha market ulaee . This was of course resisted , as no cause bad been given for « uch a proceeding , and in the fray a gendarme cut down and killed a man , literally hacking him to death . This was the signal for battla . I have heard from an eyewitness that it was something quite awful to witnc 3 s the dread silence that prevailed , while th « priest administered the last sacrament to the poor 4 ying creature . Hundreds stood silent ther ^ with faces
white with passion and clenched fists , The battle then began between tlie soldiery and the people . The former behaved most shamefull y , using their bayonets and . words upon every one they could reach . At last the people began to throw down stones from the tops of tha housdg . At eleven o ' clock the Dragoons eaine over from Deuts , dashing in amongst the people , and cutting them ¦ loivn without discrimination , shouting out , " Cut the Cologne canaille down , " "Dorrn with the dogs , " < fcc . This shameful conduct enraged the tovrtispeople still mere , but the military being too strong for them , they dispersed , and the streets were quiet by two in the morning , but not , I am sorry to say , without bloodshed . Six were mortally wounded , ( four are since daad , ) and a very great numbei' wounded more or less . Amongst the latter were several of the principal townspeople who
where returning home from the Casino , < tc , anil knew nothing of the riot until they were attacked and cut down by parties of soldiery , who eume dashing up the itreets as if they wore mad . Clergymen , bankers , mtrchants , all shared the same fate . They made twentytiro prisoners , mostly people who had uothing to do with the affair . You may imagine the excitement that prevailed the next day : The heads of the town called on the Burgomaster to call a meeting . This he did , at which all the first citizsns were present , thus making it no lonser an affair of tlie rabble , to assert their rights as citizens of Cologne . The presence of the couimauilinit general , Von de Lundt , was required ( I forgot to say it was by his orders that the troops fell en the paoplo , and a severe remonstrance was made to him and the president of the town The prisoners were required to be set at liberty , and also a promise demanded that thti troops should all be consigned to their barracks , that neither the police or the soldiery should patrol the
town , and that citizen ? , the heads of the town , should be permitted to form a guard of tlumselvus to patrol the streets , in which ease tliey would ensure the peace of the town . But they told the military authorities in plain terms , that if this was refused and the military or police acted , they would not answer for the cousequsno ^ s . You have seen enough of Cologne , to knew that the people must be in a dreadful state of excitement to dare to ask so muck . There was no use in striving with the people , so at 2 In the afternoon the answer wa 9 returned from Berlin by telegraph that the terms were to be conceded , Upon this 600 of the chief citizens formed themselves into companies , and the town remained quiet , although thousands assembled at the market ; yet by means of a few well-timed remarks and gentle persuasion , the peace was not again broken . It is impossible to describe the anxiety that prevailed untti the favourable answer yas given , and well it was for us all that the Government was wise enough to give way ; had it been otherwise , Heaven knows what nrght have happened .
It has since been ascertained that the working classes had taken their measures secretly , to act in a most decided manner in case the citizens were not allowed to take charge of the town . All the workmen and boatmen at the Rhine had provided themselves with long knires , and intended to cut off the bridge aud sent it floating down the river , so as to prereut the Dragoons from coming near . The comman market people had provided themselves with sithes . Other workmen , armed with thoir workiui : tools , were to attack and storm the arsenals , so as to provide themselves with arms and Ammunition ; another party were to attack and burn the barracks , drive the military out , and take possession of the town ; in short , a most fearful revolution was planned , and would have been executed most surely , if tha Government had not given way . The citizen guard were unarmed , and yet they kept the rabble quiet by telling them they must now commit any excesses , for the honour of the town . So much for Wednesday .
On Thursday , the cooper , the man who was first killed , was buried , and the citizens determined to follow him to tbe grave , not so much on account of tbe man , as for the purpose of making a demonstration to the Government ef tha real feeling ! of tbe people . I never saw such a sight . Hot as it w * s ( 95 deg . in the shade . East Indian heat , ) everybody was in the streets . ' Every window on tbe line of road was filled with women . The- procession was nior ; than half an hour passing the house I was in . Generally , the processions here are headed by the police to clear the way , bat this time there was nothing of the kind . Not a ghost of a police officer , soldier , or officer was to be seen in the town . The way was cleared by the church vergers , then followed two fine bands of music ( not military , ) then one of the singing societies , then a groat number of priests , with candles , crosses , Sic , then
the hearse , decorated with festoons and ever ^ eens , and wreaths of immortelles , then another cross . The hearse was immediately followed by the friends and fellow , workmen . After them , came the "Manner Gesangverein , " singing as they only can sing , and they were followed by at least 5 , 000 citizens of Cologne , in a triple line , with uncovered heads , and in perfect silence , among whom' 3 , 000 were of the most resptetubl * class of the people , as no great house was unrepresented either by the principal himself or some one for him . Those whoformed the citizen guard v . ore a white ribbon in the button-hole . You may judgo what this guard is , when I tell you thai Engel , the first merchant heie , is one of them , besides bankers , < tc . Not a word was spoken amongst the dense crowds of people while the funeral passed , every head was uncovered , and vou might have heard a pin drop . . After
it was over , they nil returned quietly to their home ? . Uut in the evening there had nearly been an uproir ngniu . through the folly of the commandant , who had ordered thr guard to be doubled at the chief guard-house . The people found this out and began to assemble in great numbers , threatening to storm it , a ^ d getting stones together for that purpose , but the citizen guard came and persuaded them to disperse , which they promised to do if they would let tliem sing one song . This they were obliged t <> ilo , so they sang a sort of revolutionary song and ( vent off . I should tell you that tbe mayor and the citizens sent to the commandant , and remonstrated with him for bavins doubled the guard , thereby a * citimj the people to riot . After much ado he wag obliged to withlraw it , and all went off quietly . Friday night everything was quiet . Knots of the people met here and there , but nothing further .
Yesterday ( Saturday ) , the citizens held a meetin-( which by the bye they had done every day for tha purpose ot receiving the reports of all those U'hohad be * n attacked by the military . The Chirf Justice , a sort of little Lord Chancellor here , is as eager as any of them in the cause , although he is a Government officer . We were all put in a fright yesterday , in consequence of a proclsuuatiott from the Government having been sent to be inserted in the paper for to-day , in which tha guard of the citizens were ordered to dissolve , and the military were to keep the streets clear . It contained al > o observations on the Tutsday ' s : massacre , tending to rekindle the aiiger of the people . Tlie editor of the paper laid it before the committee of citixens , and it was immediately resolved to protest against this proclamation . A deputation waited on the President and General Vande Lundt , and told them what they thought , advising the withdrawal of the
obnoxious proclamation , and offering to give up their Sunday ' * pleasure ( : i great thing for a Cologne ^ to do ) , provided they would gire them a promise in writing thai neither police or military should interfere with the people to-dav ( Sunday ) , but leave the citizen guard to keep order and quiet . If they were refused , and the military allowed to act , then they said the Government must he answerable for any excesses committed by tlie people , as today there i 3 what they call an after-kinness iu the same parish . After obstinately refusing for some time , tliehands of the GovernmentafcWtgave » vay , the permission for tbe ^ uard of citizens to continue their functions was granted , and the proclamation withdrawn , so it i « to be hoped that to-night will pass off quiotly , though some still entertain fears lest the lower orders , in their cups , which they always indulge in at these kirinesss , shou ' d forget themselves . I shall not close my letter till te-marrow , incase there should be anything t > communicate .
Monday , August 10 . — . Thank God , the nijsht has passed over quietly . The streets were of course fuil of people , excited enough , but more with joy at having for the second lime got llie mastery than anything else , and I trust now that everything will subside into its usual quiet . \ V « are now all pondering what the King will say and do . At the present he is ns still as a mouse , possibly walling till the flame La 3 burned out . The principal citizens are drawing up a protocol which is to be presented to the King in person by » deputation of the first people in the town , giving a fair statement of the affair ,
and also it is saitl they intend complaining of tlio oxecasive do irncss of everything kere , begging for a diminution of the taxes with which Cologne is burdened , on account of being a fortress . I hope and trust that all TtiU end well , for thouah nn absolute monarch , lie haa eortninlv shown himself to be a good King , and it is to be hoped that lie will show liis modi-ration now . Nfcxt Sunday is kirmess in our parish , and I assure you we look forward to it with some anxiety , as the St . Q ! W ot Cologne is situated in our parish , and if any disturbance was to break out , it would be no juke in such a low neighbourhood , but . there is yet a whole week to that , and iu that
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oZersare ^ i- doub « ° » shave subsided . The w-u « rt 5 S X '"? ^* < Mrt o ? ttetodno ' if th . Oo «^ ~ LT - aVe e " «•"'*»««•• . der . In EnS , gIVen Way ' " m&kea onc shu ( J - heac .. anSSwithV'S * " ^ ^ soldier and . t . 1 , ? l wlth ' huth 6 Mev e » yman-lia 8 been a wSat ' 8 tll ^ elonSs to the militia . till a certain age , tELrt ' 1 VM ' aDd these Cologne people when oZlZIII V " -P"fot f ™ There is but on ,
weme , and that the citixens of Cologne have behaved mo , t nobly , n doing their best to preserve thapeace Ol he city , and in hav . ng left thelaw * of tlie land to punish wf ? 1 ° ' -TW 0 F thr 08 tmeIlin * *« WH « 1 " *» sot beaten by the military , being accidentall y in the crowd I iorgot to say that there were also some disturbances on " Thursday , the 3 rd , which gave rise to * ho scenes ot Toesday . We have also had a shock of an earthquake her * but very slight . We did not know it . " IfeLttatftfa year ., to be an eventful one . Business is still very bad and no wonder , with the hot weather and this atata o confusion . Adieu .
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TO THB EDITOR OF TIIK MORNING POST . « . n 7 * ? ^ » more > and J Jlave don e- Do the "Protectionists" intend to yield to the Freetradei-s ? . Or , < lo tlier hope io triumph overtbeir foes ? bhall the ho < ix that has been so successfully played upon them prove to be-a reality ? Or will the " Protectionists" expose the trick , and assert the trutn ? So far , the Free-traders have the game m their hands ! Is jfc tho wall of " the country party" that the Free-traders slia'l win ? If so , let the " Protectionists" sound the retreat , give up the same , and , like men , acknowledge that they are beaten .
Be it r emembered , however , that the came once lost , can never be regained ! Free Trade in commodities , implies Free Trade in institutions ! The levelliu-r spirit will not stop at corn or cattle , or go-ds , or labour . It will , if not resisted , ride roujlishod over crowns and mitres , and coronets—aye , and funds ! The spirit of the Constitution being once broken , we shall be governed hereafter by the sordid spirit of commerce , upon the principle of " buy at the cheapest market . " Gain will change place with honour—the hishanrl unble spirit of cliivalry will yield to the -sordid tr ickster's grasping resolution toohtain wealth ! The Crown may still slitter , but it will be held in subjection by the mean ! The coronet may shrine , but not on the brow of the Noble !
Weil , well , if it imi 3 t bei so , the glory of England is faded , and her most sordid sons will ' be her proper rulers . If her nobles consent , they deserve their doom ! If they dare not resist , they prove that they are nor true sons of their reputed sires ! How often have I warned the aristocracy of England— " that when , in an evil day , they consented to disinherit the poor—hy the enactment of an unchristian and unconstitutional law—they were selfshorn of their locks—and reduced to feebleness !" How feeble thev now are , Mr . Cobden can tell .
Still , if justice has a place in the hearts of British Peere — there Is hope . Let them < r ! ve back the paupers' risht—and thus deserve their own . ' It not , they are justly doomed ' . .. ¦ I am . Sir , Yours respectfully , Richard Oastler . P . S . Take my word , Sir , if the Noble 3 intend justiee for the people—the ; people will . very aoon set the League right . London , Augusts , 184 C .
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TO THR EDITOR OF THE TTMKS , Sir , —The state of moral degradation which is daily being brought to light by the proceedings of the Andover Comisittee , will not , I hope , be without salutary effect . We have been accustomed to view the New Poor Law as an engine of oppression , to drive the poor from national relief . We Ivnetr that it was a mosf dangerous innovation , an utterly unconstitutional and unsocial institution . We now find that its internal machinery ( irrespective of its baneful influence externally ) is demoralizing to a degree that could not bave been anticipated—reducing its chief officers , nay , even the tlomo Secretary , commissioners , and assistant-commissioneri , in no other light than th . it of plotters , contriving and working out ( under the cover of a false report ) the means to silence a member of Parliament ! Nay , we know that the dishonest scheme ( although unsuccessful with reference to tlio
hon . member for Knaresborough ) has ' placed the House of Commons in a most humiliating positionthat of a party in a foul conspiracy against one of its own members ! . My present object is not to inquire what punishment awaits the delinquents . It is to ask , will the House of Commons allow its present session to expire without rescinding the resolution which was intended to whitewash Sir James Graham , and to " blackball , " the noble-hearted Ferrand ? Surely , after the exposures now daily taking place , my friend will be vindicated , and his traducer condemned ! Else , the House of Commons will become a willing party to one of the meanest and most degrading crimes . In due time we must inquire , what punishment the constitution awards to the concoctm-a of such a scheme as the New Poar Law ; and to the perpetrators of such Crimea , as the late Home Secretary and tlio New Poor , Law officials have committed ?
Let what may befal them , I do hope there is honesty enough in the House of Commons to shake off-all connexion with * such degrading proceeding s ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ '• ¦ ¦ ¦ I think , Sir , the time is not far distant when we shall be gratified by witnessing the total repeal ef the bated New Poor Lair , I remain , Sir , your meat obliged servant , RlCHAKJ OASTLtr ^ London , August IS . P . S . —How humiliating is the reflection—these self-convicting persons are those who , for so many years , have held in their disposal the rates and the poor of England ! making laws , and boli&ving in their own infailibilitv I How are the mighty fallen
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MATERIALS FOR THINKING . TO THE EI >! TOa OF THE NORTHEHN STA& . Deas StR , —I have great pleusuve in forwarding you the sum of nine shillings , —for that sterling old democrat " Daddy Richards . " Some of my constituents have sugRQStsd the propriety of purchasing him a four-acre allotment , while others think , if he hail a cow lie might be enabled to get a living , and be in no foar of finishing his days in the horrid Poor Law Bastile . Under any circumitances , it would be an eternal disgrace to the Chartists of England to allow him to want . We ave willing to act in any way which may be deomed be » t to render assistance to our aged Patriots . v
It is our intention to commence a fund forthwith , to assist Messrs . Williams and Jones , which wo hope the people generally will respond to , The memorials in behalf of the VTclsh Exiles should be proceeded with at the earliest opportunity , backed up by Petitions numerously signed from all parts of the country : this would pave the viayfor the great A ' atioiial Petition / or the People ' s Charter . to he presented early in the next session of Parliament , which Petition is to be accompanied to the House by thousands of thr people and their delegates to the next Convention . When bad men conspire , good men ought to combine , let our mottos be " Organize , Organize , Organize , " " Onward ami we Conquer , " " The People ' d Charter , " and " No Surrender . " I am , dear Sir , Your ' a truly , . ' Jahf . 3 Sweet ,
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Westbiw ILuJiTVAT . —On Monday ni ^ ht , upon the arrival of the nine o ' clock train from Bristol , the engine , as usual , was stopped within half-a-mile of the Paddington terminus , for the purpose of affording an opportunity of collecting of tickets ; when Mr . George Grant , aged fifty- ^ ix , of Awne-street , Staple-street , Bermondsev , feeiinjt somewhat unwell , took the opportunity of opening the door of the carriage he was in , being disposed to vomit ; unfortunately , at the moment of his o ' oin" so , the train went on , and by
the sudden jerk thereby occasioned , Mr . Grant was precipitated from the carriage on to the line , when the wheels of several carriage * paved over him . He was picked up as speedily as possible , and carried to St . George ' s Hospital , where upon examination it was discovered that fnc of his legs wero broken in two places , and that he was otherwise injured internally . Kvcry attention was paid to him by thosiirf'eonsat tho institution , but their efforts unhappily proved fruitless , as the patient expired in a few hours aitcv his fldniianion . , ... _ _ .. _
Singular Robiikry . —On Tuesday ,. Mr . Inspector Henderson , belonging to the New Cross station , Kent-road , gave information to Mr . Superintendent Mallnlioii . at tlie station of the It division of the Metropolitan Police , in tlio Blacklieath-roiul , that the caivanic apparatus usod for tho electric telegraph had ' been stolen . He had no clue to the robbery , but it was suspected tlmt a party of low fellows frequenting tlie vicinity of the snot where the apparatus had been fixed were tfe-Thieves . It was used lately for the purpose of trying experiments on the cutting through the inclined plane between tho Kent-road station snu" Sycleivhnn ) . It had been plwod at considerable expense , and would , if sold as old metal to dealers in marine stores , fetch very little . It could , however , be made no other use of . Mr . Eemlcison left an engraved dI . ih of the apparatus , for the purpose of assisting the police in their exertions to trace the property ,
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The Central touinuttce met at tneir omce , M , Hyde-street , Bloomsbury , on Tuesday , August tiu < lSth , Mr . lloiit-11 in tlw Glinir . Aftei * the roiulinn of Correspondence , which omipwd acojisideral )! r time , it was announced that the Nail makers ol Liverpool had sent in their adhesion , and with it their first month ' s contribution . " That tlie ive . el « ly levies , towswda the £ 20 , 000 fmiils , must be remitted monthly , or oftoiiM \ in oi-di-r to entitle the trndes to Hie support of the Association . "
Mr . JaCT'ih ( Bristol ) Living \> cei \ appointed Missionary , vice Mr . Roteon , « ' ] i « , in consequence ol bis ei ) gH « cin « iits in tho management » f t > u Wtwkmens' own shop , cannot li-avo the metropolis at present , "ill p roceed on his mission to tho lolltwinj ! places in the order as they stand ;—Edinbur £ l > , on Monday next , where he will attend the tradc&tn t ! i « Scotch " capital , and surrounding towns InimcOiatuIy . fl jul proceed thence to ilolytown , Ola ? s- » v ,. Jftiisloy . ind thenco make Ins way to Garlwle , vJsjtins ; tinninnut ' acturiii ' - ' towns on route , from thonee ! s < j will j ) iiS 3 through Cumberland and Wi-stmorc-hind , iiito ^ ncashivB , Clicihive , Stsiliuvilshiyc , Warwickshire . Noi'thamptonHbire . to London , risking ail the trades in the districts through which he will pass .
Mr . Rwssos , at the request of the frame work knitters , is deputed to siitosul the thi'oo counties meetings at Nottingham , ou Ivlomlay next , A »» i ! s ; the 2 it ' i . Aftei * the transaction of muck routim business , th's Committee adjouruod until Monday Ausust tho 2 ilh .
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houses m the Almt , Soutlnvark . which have been builC upwards of 300 years tuin'olud down in oik mass of ruin . They had bean ftw some tinw condemned as unSt to bo inhabited ; but , nuveiilioless , eight ffimilici were housed in thorn . Fortutmtob the greater part of the members were absent at th < timo ; those who wero in the honsc were warned , anil escaped without receiving any injury .
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- THE MARTVK FKOST . Continuation , of Suiiseriptinns in aid of Mr . John Fco 3 t , the Exile of England . Amount yrevfourt y inserted in . Star £ IG 11 6 ' . , Fer Mr . Ross . ; DuntarKc Mill , . Banhead ; per John : Campbril _ £ 0 4 „ . Andrew Loudon 0 10 i Girteside , rrintfield , per John Te « w o 1 u " llalance of Vietim Fund ,-Bavrhead , per Andrew London , Treasurer 0 3 Book No . 8 . per J-imes Cfji-kson ... 1 15 9 Ailoarpei Jam * 3 G . Laing ,,, $ 2 4 ! — 5 7 9 ¦ • P ' . rifr . MoJr . A " . Tradesman ... 0 T 0 ftobi'rt Ferry ... Oil ) H .-A : . ... Oil ) Frotn Parjfey , per Tm > MAa Bnowv . Vev- W . p . wk ami Robert Cbehraae . 2 8 0 Seedhill-fattory , per J . Sutherland 0 7 . 7 Garthiar ; d' factory , per . W . M-uir 0 4 : > Calerion ; a / actorv , per 3 ; Duncan- 0 5 7 " A . number ut Friends , per A . Gvrinnell' 0 7 4 i Ditto c'itto peri . Wright 0- C 0 ' Duty (;; per £ g .. ;; mour -0 I 2 J . HotherwelV 0 2 0 A number of liyisnih , p < w Johu Pinkalons ¦ ¦ _ # . 22 fi Ditto- diito per T . Brown " 0 3 0 A Sundry small suais < % > 0 -j ^ " £ 5 * * Deduct , previous }) - announced from " ) JiilmStn « , Greenoefc , havir . 3 be < : n 1 . intended for the monument to f ° ° Hai'diiiaad-Baird . J 4 0 * £ 56 8- T '
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GREEN-WISH .. On Monday a very respectably attired middle-aged isan , described in the-goTics ' sheeta * Heiiry La ? , of ilaggerstouo ,. Kuigsland-roau , London , Hiiehdrapir , was ^ brou ^ ht Sti "> ir » Mr . Trail ! , charged with indecently ripiaiag lii < person , three distinct times , to nurserymaids , having th ^ care of children , in Qeaenwich Park , under the following vfceum--stanees : —( Mr IDidson ofCoinmii'eial-r . vid Eai . t , solicitor , . attended for the prisoner . ) J _ Loii £ , ji * erjr pretty gir ^ -aged 15 di ' posed that slja 13 nurserymaid in Mr . K . - ^ teJall ' a f . ( inJ ! y . iro !! tnoiijcr , JJe !« on-strsot ,. &i'eeniyk'li . Oi > S » turdajr afternoon , between half-past \ and ¦> u ' ciock . sne was walking with the-childrenon the Iswu iron tin : ; the Asylum wall hi the park .., - Th * . prisoner stood tiaar ths wall m \ ii deliberately exposed his person .. Witness walked away ,, and vhe prisoner proceeded in the . same direction near » ome trees , and asj .. in exposed , hiut ' self . Had no cinuiit that he did so intentionally . He- turned ruirsd to » ea if . any person obseavsd him before the second often ce .
Witness tlit'ii nuuk" her way up the jwrlt , and told a fntii ; woman whom sh » met what had iv ken place , and sha went in search of a police constable . James Jtffries , . axed lir deposed that his mother sells fruit in tiia park . If * \ tu » with he ; on Saturday afternoon . Witness was 011 r'lum-Jt .-d- ! iill . and saw the prisoner-by ths sLJe ot th « JloyaL Observatory nest Maize-hill . Tlie priaimer had his back to a tree , and wna expoai ' . ij : his p 9 « on to two laslius-vtitli children , aud was laughing , at them . Witne . vi ran . away iind told a police constable , who apprehended tlie prtsouji 1 . but tha ladies had gone away . A sirl tul / l « itiif is ' amother that the prisoner had uwsi guilty u ( simil-ir conduct nbout" 20 minutes previously . Hrnddiik , K >'•* ., <\« pusvUl that ho apprehended the prisoner , who was quite souur v ; the time . The witness Jeffries pointed the prUnwr out :, and told him distinctly what he . iwd seen , The pravi . tfr did not deny It , hut said ha was «> rry to have such an ac cnsatio'i n : ; ainst him . Witness tO'ik prisoner to Mr . 8 ted « ili ' s house , and while there huremariud thai Iu sV . uM
like to psiiiatecae offence , or some such word . Mr . liohart Stedall , of Nelson-street . Greenwich , deposed that-. lani long : is hi * servant , and'nas the safe ofh : 5 Children . Tllejr were directed to tnJce a walk in tlia park on SatnrdayJasS . Witness was in his counting house when the prKuuer .-wucs brought intw ths shop by the police constable . The nutffe of tin ? case having been coiniiiuuScated to witness Iffiww police-eon&tiibli : in the prisoner ' j [ uws ' . 'iice , he turae ™ ivnu said he was vsry sorry for whai . hest ! happened j tiiut lie did not attempt to palliate the- matter , and continued to apologi .- !*!; button biinu told that hemu > t go to the station house " , replied . "Oh , I don't mean to ai'knowladga anything ; the affair was merely an accident" The witnesses wero sabjected to a long cross-examination by ; Mr . Hudson , but their testimony was not only unshakeiv . but more fully satisfied the maj ; istraie of it > correctness . The charge was denied , aiid . a defence set up that thi prijonsr Tta 3 tabouviiw . ur . dtr nn inward , complaint , and was-in a .
corner by tha asylum w , » l | ,. whon sonic buys threw stonesvhile bo engaged ,- . which cnuse'i him suddenly to turn , not thinking for a . moment of exposing his person to any / one . Mr . Traill 3 aid that three separata ami distinct charges had bean r . tov (! d , ag ' . iiu 5 t tha prisoner . lio was sorrj to > sue a periosj apparently « s raspcctubla in lite in such 3 disgraceful situation . If . hs was a parson of liigli rank , or a near relative , it would ba his imperative duty to . conviet , let the consequences ;> e everso- distre . isir- ; . ; A i-lenreAaHk of guiit fiedi'i not raim-mbe " . The p : i < vi : ev s ; ud ha Jgjf been brought to the station house through a heavy raHf ami keptia a ' miserable cell i- ' ti hours in that state . Mr . Tiv . ill sattf the prisoner wasiiable , jor 30 serious s \ h offence . So lie iuiyrifonsd in tlie Hou , « of Correction and ijept to > hard labour for three months . He wi-uid , however , ' contiderin , ^ that he had alrqsdr received sonis punishment , mitigiitcrthji sentence to ! 0 wseks'inipi'isonnsent and Jiarrf l .-. bour in tlie countv > . -a » l .. T ) io . }> rU » : er left ilie bar exlilaintiax that it would ba hu total ruin .
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An inquest wa& held ou Wednesday , at the Loi . « don llo-pita ! , bt-S ' ore Mr . W .. Baker , j : j » , t » i . the b ' : i 3 v oi'Thos . Parks , Lvie proprietor of thp Vt-teran beeraisop , in the Wbitvchaj-el-road , who died in ti ' . <> Abiive institutiun on Monday last , from th « eti ' ects of mating poisonous- berries , suspt-cie'l to ha those of tho deadly nighUhade . A child uamon S . ' ! nut ; l Joi : os , aged three years ,, died iu ths same hospital on Tuesday , from a . sijttilrtr civuse . Tliei'u vt& ihvue otitai ? persons in a ilatiserotis state in the hospital , who Have partaken ol ' the poUonuus boiries . On Sunday aiteni'jOM the wife ol the u < cea-rd puichaseu a pint ot berries , for which she paid 3 d ., tft- nniiin in the garbofa&iuntryiutin , who had two baskc « s . on his ana , one containing herbs , the other berries-, ^ Inscribed as bning . vbuai the 8 iz « of a small slue . 'Tlie man sniil they wero neUle berries , ami superior U black curiauts iu , the ( tutnutacturt : of annie-jiuido wines , t-arts .-pii . 's-n-ad'puildiiias . Mr « . i ' arkei said
'hat . SuihUu- was the anniversary oilier weudiHsj-daj . She thnusd ihe berries into a pie , of . which'her hitsbarni and herself partook . AUvut oi-. e o'eli'cl : Oft Sunday , wi , iie they were eating the pit ? ,, che cltUd of a eustoiner ( the tieueased Jones ) ca ; no iti ,. : uid iuuked vi'ry anxiously at llip pie . She gave him some . Abi > attv / i > hours alter eating the pio .. th « witness , her husband ,, aiul the child , were v . iuloutly aiiveteil witli pains in their limbs , crovteiiie . -ss , and- etnvul * siisns . A uxedual gentieman waa called in vsho nttemptsd to adninist&r emetic- * to the au&rei's , but l ' arker was . unable to swallow it ami lie becanie quito delii'i'iua . Tlie u ! ifortut ! iit >> Hiiin died on the fmiojving movnhu }^ aftorejiduriujj «> eat sh'Omv .. T ! il e ! ii ! d expired twenty-foiir hours afterwards .. At ' tvi- ; i long fliscitssion the inquiry was acljourtii d ,-to . afford the polit'cnn O i'vortuiiity ofjinumg Uie man , who sold the burriosi
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two privates of the SB& iasjht Iiuantvy . wm \ Tere on ijuard a » . the barracks , Brecon , des-.-rU'i ' . fi oni their posts . Ertkins with them their- aecoutn-jnents ^ firearniS ; , J'lid ten pouTjiln of ami-auniuon Ciiel-. They first af all procfieded £ o ' a . c « t (; fta «? npar lin con , en \ lcA Turopike Bach , ami demands )] , moiify ami victuals , \ vhi * n they succeedtxl in o'ota ' iMiiv . ' , \ . re .-i >;; ti ! : i , ' their longed rauskuts n . i the terrified ' inmates 'Hie vih laaas then n-ei'tto two or three lanu-hMises , » v . d . got bocr , liquor , and money hi the same , uuuiner , st . 'itiiig ; that thirty more of their o « -imr ; ulvs- wero fniiiiwing them . Fortunately , however , thfir career n-a * b ; tc ufsliort duratinn , for the pcmomki at' the j , -uar . i , uj . » a
going his rounds , nnsf ? vl ; the vi < mi in ten minutas after their dssertion , ami sou'i wetst in pursuit ; '«! uy weru found in an int <> xiv » . t « U '« Vi > B ' "' w ern Woud » near TrocJcrhnrn , almut t !" ia '< : sniitw from I ' rs&ta , Upon th » . . » n : ird coming ii ;> , one tf thtv . i levt-iicil '" . ' . a eceanuthreatene-- ! t-i fiix 1 . when vhey aurrciuiercd . The msfl wero bvoaaht bcioretho maj ; i ? tu ^ e 3 on Wednesday , and the-casc adjv . « rn » : t ! , to « : aal'K » aii the parties . u ]> on which contributions wero '^ vi .-i : tv Ci tno forward to prosecute the : c ( Traders . — C' jir . lrijii . ' she CiiASiPf > H ?« n » it tih : Thamw . — "ihis great Aquntic contest , which has crt atoi sn imi-vii si-H » . ii : o » » •• nd been the thi-me o ; ' i-onyersa ' -: o >! !• . - . <• smi ' . o trauv
between Charles Gami'lHiil vnCx U < iberti : i > ' > : i : ' »; s . tor tlOO w su ! o anil the Chainijioii ' . oip of tlie Tuwm / s , came oil " on Wi-dnysuay . Ctewioow , asd tonnuwUi'i in Coombi' 3 avriviug at the « i ! iii !! v . » lmat > si : t ; inimilo nd threo-quartors before hh qij .-iwnt . rsriur .-mng llie JiaLa » o ( j in twoinv-iiovon mi-viitcs 'i \ u nlW ]^; mce wfis very groat , " tho shwbeias thyimsvii wi . a spaetutora . and : > n imwens ; - - tHinibfi' oi ti ) t ( t >! b , J . teai « eis , &c , were on the river . i ISOBNDURISM IS KlllUDALK GAOL .-O " . ^ " ^ forenoon , n prisoner in KirkJnle Cnol 0 Ujc ^« Samuel G « U « ul wn , brcutf ! . t k ^^™ ;^^ son . r > q ., ore of thecounty ^ af '' ' ^ . ^ tevon ! * & ? ££ &'l ^ tet JffS ^« rf the prim 5 SlVa $ F '" prtamrr , -ho declined to aa ? Si in " ia b-w dohWeo . r . vtn croJ 5 exaiwnc t .. c w » t-, ; " s £ % ** My conimiitedfor triBl 31 IM f * uaa now being Uelu .
What Will The Protectionists Do?
WHAT WILL THE PROTECTIONISTS DO ?
Corre^Pmiuentr.
Corre ^ pmiUentr .
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A BILL Topronde for removing the Charge of the ebnst * bnlarj Force in Ireland from tee Counties , and for enlarging the Reserve Force ; and to make further Provision for the Regulation and Disposition ef tshe said constabulary Force , , Be it therefore Enacted , by The ( JUEEN ' s nsost Excellent Majesty , by and with the Adviue and Consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal , and Cosamons , in this present Parliament asjembied , and fry che Authority of the same , THAT from and after the paaaing of this Act , ao much of the s » id reoited ' Acts , or any of them , or of any other Act or Acts 85 provides that One Moiet * f the moniea adraNcetf out or tho Consolidated Fund for the payment of any
of the costs and expenses of the sai ' d Constabulary Force or the said Reserve Force , or of any part 6 hereof , shall be defrayed by any county , county of a city , or county of a town , barony , half-barony or place in Ireland , or by presentment of any Grand Juryiu Ireland , or as provides that any part of the costs , charges or expenses of the said Constabulary Force or the said Reserve Force Khali be borne or paid by or raised or levied by any such county , county of a city , county of a town , barony , half-barony , or place , aare and except as hereinafter mentioned , shall be and ia hereby repealed , save and except as to any matter or thing heretofore don& , or any sum or suras of money hert&fore become due aud payable and now remaining in arrear and unpaid .
And be it Lnacted , ' 1 hat from and after the passing of this Act , alimonies duly payable , aud all necessary and reasonable costs , charges and expenses forifuid in respect of the said Constabulary- Force imd the said Reserve Force respcctiruly , under the provisions of the said recited Acts or any of them , or any Act amending the same , or of this Act , and also for or in resppct of the addition to the said Reserved Force hereinafter provided , shall , save as hereinafter mentioned , be charged upon and pan from time to timo out of the produce of the Consolidated Fund of the United Kijisdom of Givat Britain and Ireland ; and it shall bo iawfuL foe the Commissioner * of > Her Majesty ' s Treasury , ov anj Three or more of them to order that . t ! l sueli sun
or Bums of money as they shall think necessary i \ r the purposes aforesaid shall from time to time be advanced and paid out of the produue of the Convolidated Fund of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland arising in Ireland . AND whereas by the said first-recited Aet it is amongst other things enacted , that it shall - » nd may !> e lawful to and for the Lord Lieutenant or other Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland , by tlie advice of the Privy Council of Ireland , to declare by proulaination , that any county , county , ef a city or county of a town in Ireland , ov any barcny or baroniea ,. baltliarony or half-baronies in any county at large , or any district of less extent than any barony or naif-bacon j 10 be therein sDeuified , is or are in a staie of
disturbance , : » nd requires or roquira an additional Establishment of Police ; and thereupon it shall j and . may bi lawful to and for the Lord Licutoiiant , . or otlie : Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland , ' to appoin 1 - such and so many Chief Constables , Constables ' » n < i Sub-Constables svs he ov tliey shall think proper , not exceeding Oiesuch Chief Constable , Two Head Comtablei , and Fifty such ConU'Mes or Sub-Constables for any one barony or half-barony , or for any county of 8 city or county of a town or district of le . > a extent thnn any baronv w half-barony \ vhic !\ may have been xdeclared to be in a state of disturbimse-:. - And wheivat it is expedient that in any case such as last aforesaid the ta id restriction as to the number nf such Chief aud other CoHStaWei so to be appointed should be . removal ; BE it therefore Enacted , ' 'ihatin any suoh case as in the said recited provision mentioned , it shali be
lawful for the Lord Lieutenant or o-hor Chief Governor or Governors of Ireland , to appoint , or canso to be placed , for or in any barony or hali ' -bnrony , or for or in any county of a city or county of a town or district of less extent than any barony or half-barony which may hare been " so declared to be in a atate »> disturbance , and also ( if he or they shall so think fit , ) for 4 i * in any barony or half-barony , or county or a city or county of a town , or district of less extent than any barony w half-barony ndjuiitinu to a barony or half-bar . > ny or county ofa city cr county of a town or district which may have been so declared to-be in s state of disturbance suck and ao many additional Sub-Inspectors , Head Constables , Constob e- and Sub-Cotiitubles , exceeding the numbers aforesaid , a the or they skill think proper , and to remove such Sub-Inspectors , Head Conttables , Constablesand Sub' Constables , or any of then ) , from time to time .
And whereas it is expedient that '' the said Reserve Constabulary Force provided and appointed under the said recited Act of the second and third yeare of the reign of Ilcr present Majesty should be increased in number : BE it therefore Enacted , That in addition to the number of Sub-Inspectors , Head Constables , Constables and Sub-Constables , which-by the lass-recited Act the said Lord Lieutenant or other Chief Governor or Governors is ov are empowered to appoint as and fora Reserve Force , it shall'b / ° wful for the said Lord Lieutenant or other Chief Goveraor
or Governors to appoint Two additional Sub-Inspectori , Four additional Head Constables and any number not exceeding Two hundred additional Cons ' , able 9 and Sub-Constables , who shall constitute an shall be deemed to be a part of the said Reseive Forte , and shall be subject to all and every the ptoviaions and rcgul . it / on 3 applicable to the said Reserve Force under tho said Act of the second and third years of the reign of Her present Majesty , or any Act amendin < ! the same , savo so far as such provisions may bu altered bv this Act . .
1 ' r . ivided always , and be it Enacted , That in any case in which , under the provisions of tlio said firarrecited Act , Seven er more Magistrates of any country at large , at any General or Special Sessions hold as thmin mentioned , in manner therein forth , shall certify or shall have certified to the sai . l Lory Lieutenant , or other Chief Governor or Governor * , that the number of Chief of other Constables or Sub-Constables appointed for any such county is iuudequiiteto the due execution of . the law within the same , and the said Lord Lieutenant , or other Ohio * Governor or Governors , sliail by raa 3 on thereof appoint or shall hare appointed a further number 0 ! Sub-Inspectors , Head Constables , Constables or Sub-Constables in or for suuh county as so certified to be accessary , or in any case in which any part of the Itt-serve Force aforesaid shall have been or shall be
removed to or employed in any county , county ol _ a >; ity or county of » town , barony , Ji . ali ' barony or district , by virtue of any such order uf the Inspectorsjeneral as a f oresaid ; or in case the number of the Constabulary Force in or for any barony , half barony , ci unty of a city , county of a . town or distridt , of less extent than any barony or half barony , shall bo increased by the Lord Lieutenant or other Chief Governor or Governors stationing or appointing therein or therefore addditional Subilnspectoi * , Head Constables , Coiidtabks or Sub-Couatabk-3 as aforesaid or otherwise , then and in any of such cases , nothing in tin ' s act shall extend to be construed to extend to relieve any suoh county , county
of a city or county of a town , barony , half barony or district from the payment of One moiety of ihe coig and expenses of such further or arjjnmented nniiil ;^ of tlie Constabulary Force or of ssutll ReSferVt ! I'Vl'ifc ;> s aforesaid , but in either or any of such cixsua such moiety shall be . payable and j-hnll be raised in likimanner as a moiety of the expenses of such further number of the Constabulary Force , or as any such part of the Reserve Force , while remaining in that county , county of a city or county of a town to which they may be remuved by virtue of such order as i ereinbefore recited is now payable , or may now be raised un . ier the said recited Acts respectively , or either of them .
And bi it Enacted . That from and after the pawing of this Act , the officers heretofore unfertile provisions of the said Act of the second and third years of Her present Majesty ' s reign , styled ' Provincial In 9 pect , rs . " shall henceforth be styled " Assistant Deputy Inspectors General . "
National Association Of United Trades, For The Protection Of Industry.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES , FOR THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY .
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DEATH- FROM EATIXG P 0 IS 85-0 US BERRIES .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 22, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1380/page/7/
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