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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th February 1848, Edition 1 of 3, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      INDIA . By the arrival of the Overland Mail we leant that Ifiti HardicgeTrai about to quit India . Late advices in the Delhi Gazette from Persia describe Recondition of that fcise&raittsinosSr 3 isa ! trons . -

      THE SETOLUTION IN SICILY AND NAPLES . The iasorreetiou in . Sicilj , anaoancediaourl&it , is triumphant . General Yiale , Military GoTernor ei Palermo , humiliated at the position in which he had been placed , made a rigorous attempt on the 14 th to enter the town . Pot this porposo , he « ent forward a itrong column ol iafantry and cavalry , Trhksli made vain efforts to opea a passage for itself , and fceeome matter of the Sfaqueda gats . The people , Tmhinr to avoid as much ai po ' s jibl « the effusion of Wood ? waited far the first shock with Bileice . After having tujtaiJied the fire of th » assail . sat » they replied by discharges of raasketry , grape-shot , and artillery , vrhiclr mada dreadful raTagM in tharanka of the Royal troops . The cavalry , in particular , was nearly cat to pieces in thi » saagoary conflict . ' The son Of General Tiale , a captain of cavalry , wai abrtally wounded . ; The co ! um » jooh boat a rstreat , leaving numerous-victims en the field of battle . :

      Ever since the 13 th Jan ; the insurrectiozrhas speedily gained ground . After a-ieriesof combstg , of tsndeadly , the authority of the government having entirely ceusd to be r . 'cojnised throughout the town a kind of orjani . sation . was e « tablishrt fcora the yiry force of thing * . On the Bight of the 14 th , the fort of Caitelmsre fired tralleU cpoa the town . . No Botic « , no signsi , had Trarded the isoffensive part of thejpopaiation of the impending danger ; no delay had beengr&nted the diffisreat consult , in order to allow them time to secure the safety of their country . iKn . Oa the nert -day the commander of the English Bteamer , the Boll-Dog , Yainly endeavoured to obtain from the king ' * lieutenant the suspension of the bombardment . On the 15 th the Ebells still continued to sho wer-down upon tne town , when the French consul ,

      M . Brewjn , feoagfct it bi » datytom » ke aa appeal te his colleagues , in tho interest of the French and of humanity . Conjointly with the consult of Sardinia , Swit . tsrland , the Utdted Stats * , Prussia and Russia , he repaired to the palace , and requested the Dukede Majo to order the bombardment of the town to cease . After a loDg parley , the Dakede Majo gaTe a written promise that he pranted Bufpension ef arms for four and twenty hours . On the 16 th , all the French residents who wire able to reach the harbour were esabarked . The news which arrived fromtheiHlsnd part of the islandjgare fresh courage to the insurgents , by the announcement' that all the sirinity of Palermo ' was up in arms . Bulletinshand-bills , which were Tenewtd atevery instant—kept up the agitatioS'of the population .

      Among the events' which " signalised these day * maybe menttoneS the capture of the garrison of JloaUreale , near Palermo , by a society of Benedictine monks , who had joined in the rassrrection . The reports of the loss of life vary , and ar » , probably , vtry uncertain . It wsb said that of the : trqopfc two hundred' were killed , and some fifty or sixty of the infurgenli , ' ' " On the IStb , certain paltry concessions from the government were brought from Naples and rejected with sccrnbytfeepatriotsi-whoiusiEted upon nothing short cf the eonstitntioH , of 1812 . Nothing caeld exceed the contempt with which the king ' s decrees were treated at Palermo—they raamed them down their guns .

      These eTents excited great agitation in Naples . IUvolutienary placards were published > containing such language ais the following : — Away with words and mode , ratiea , and let us come to facts "— let us xake ' armii j knives , stoats—le t' us show tl ? at we' are riot Tile , ' nor robbers , and that we stir in order ' to- have justice ; and , gisce he willaot do us justice , let usseekitourselv . es . People of Saples , jon were the first people in the times Of Masanielio , are you now only become vile , and will not another Hasaaiello rise up to free the people ! To arms , to knives , to rtones ! Long lire the people * LoEg live Pio Kono ! LoDg live MnBsniello ! Death to aril government T , v

      Sew * next arrived of the revolt of the entire prorince of Saleroro . Then fallowed the , " feseltin » information that all Calabria was in one blaxe of insurrection . The concessionary decrees of the 18 th only excited atter eontempt . The King then published an ordonnance , declarizg an arrbesty ia favonr of all persons In the kingdom ge'ained forpelitical offences , iucluding all tbe memberB ol the celebrated family of Romeo . Later accounts state that the Jesuits hare been expelled tfee kingdom . Neither this nor the amnesty , however , satisfied the people , intoxicated with the reports of the saccesses in SicItyT ' aBd resolved tbTextend at ones their demands , in proportion to the powir they had asquirel and to the impotence of the government , with one voice they demanded not only a large constitutional reform , but solid guarantees for its faithful executioa .

      One fact Sessrves mention ; a general tub has been made on the Royal Bask at . Naples , which 3 s under the guarantee of the King and government—while not a sou has been withdrawn from the Bank at Palersio , which" is usder the guardianship cf the people . Thus evea the tcoceyocrscy are b * g iKning to see where power and honour flreto befonnd . ; . ' - ¦ Letters , from Paris , oi Wednesday ' s ¦ date , aBsounce tfie Proclamation of the Constitution ofl 812 for Naples and Sicily , which took . place at Naples on the 29 th ' alt . 'It will be well to bear in mind , ' says our correspondent , c that itis the Constitution of 1812 , and net that of 1821 , that fcssbeen proclaimed ; and tbat -it was prepared in ' Sicily trader the auspices cf iheBritish Government ; and further , that his Msjesty th £ King of the Preach , " who resided thereat the . moment , actually assisted in f rasing it . This constitution provides for the establishment oi two Chambers ( Lords and Commons ) , and is in factcopied from that of Great Britain . " ' -

      From Reme ' we hear that tha civic guards are in gi ~ at glee , each man being allowed io ' take hisfirelock hom ^ , and bang it over his domestic lore * . A marching &t ' . a' . iox of 5 , 000 men is beiag organised to «» rt at a moment ' s notice from Rome to' any point of the &-Q nti ' rr . The joung l ads ' and bora of Rome , to the ctimter of sereral handreds , are to be ; seen after school hours undergoing the drill exercise , under ifie iB 5 tructions of an old Piedaontess veteran , Coloael Paafrier . - - ¦ In the church of Santa Croee , at Florence , a solemn Sijge wassungon the 19 th fer the souls of the slain in the streets of Iftfan .

      Letters from Turin auoounce that tbe King of Sardinia bad ordered an entrenched camp to be formed on thsheights of Valenza , upaathe Po , in order to defend the country against any attack of the Austrian troops , and to hold also the government et Miian on the jyirtcf against a possible inTssionof the Milanese by the Piedmontese troops . This canip is to consist o { 33 , 00 i ) men . Austria is preparing for war . " . " . Ic HUan alone 30 , 000 . troops are quartered ; in Terona IO . 0 CO . Letter * from Mi ! en of the 22 nd alt ., anuqunce that orders from Vienna fasd commanded the arrest of about fifty persons belonging to the higher classes of eoeUty . amongst othe ' rs Cssara Caatu , the talented autbor of the * Reformation in Europe , ' who however tStc : edbis e > cape ; the Marquis Rosales , president of the Uuien Club ; CoEat Csstar Battsglia , tha young

      Hi-qais Cssar Soncino Stampo , and some , others . Eos&le ! bag been placed in the dungeons of Santa Mar . garita ; Battaglis and Soncino fasve been sent away from Milan under escort . Their destination is a mysl tery . In the number of arrest * already effected are those of the Marquis Filippo YiUani , Count Pertusalli , and Count Ercols Dorini , formerly an officer in the Austrian army . Upwards of 400 ef the most determined patriots of the working class hare been arrested ; of tb ? hesSOo { the youngest and most robust were convened to Trieste , to Ik employed on board the ships of the Imperial navy , and the 220 remaining have been transported , witheut even the form of a trial , to Styria and Moravia , where they are doomed to work as galley ilares . The regiment of Giulay , which acquired such a disgraceful notomtj ' in ' the massacre of Gallicia , is ous of those quartered at Paris .

      Great excitement prevails at Yenice . Two elegant and accomplished young couatesstB , Giustiniani and Bentivogiio , conceived thabold and benevolent design of demanding alms in person for the families of tbe dead and aouadea , killed at Milan . by . the Austrians . Tha Trhole city was struck with admiration at this proceediig , and in the evening do sooner bad they arrived in their loges at use Fenice , than the whole thea ? ra burst forth ( in the niddle of one of Cerito ' s aerial steps ) into the mest unequivocal demonstrations of satisfaction .

      The applause was loud and prolonged , mucb to tse dis-Coafiture of the high authorities who were eye-witceEses of this sudden and unexpected approval of the noble act . The day after the husbands of these two ladies were summoned to tbe police ,. and requested to give up the monry thus collected , and the list of the Barnes of the donors , which they promptly rtfused . Count Beutivoglio was sumaoned a' second time , and his answer was , 'The six thousand franca are on ' the road to Milan , and the list of the contributors haB been destroyed . '

      FRASCB , Tfce discussion on the Address drags wearily < n . The principal Eubjects discussed have been France and Swits ? riacd ; and the principal speakers , Laaartise , Thiers , i > arrot and Suizot . The three former in opposition to ¦ His government , M . Tbierg and his friend S £ . Odillon Barrot appear to have disappointed and di 8 ple « s ? d many of their parti . saEB . ' You display humanity , and you talk with horror , ' say the Republicans , ' of the bsmbarding and burning of ealtrao ; job who were Ministsr of the Interior of France in April ; 183 * , when Lyocs was in insurrection ; you , who told General Arniaril , ' tha Commander of the troops in that city , and who hefiiiated to cannonade or bombard it , to throw Lyons into tbe Rhaneifne . OMsary !'

      RUSSIA . The atrocious Autocrat has been rick but is—worie luck-better . His eiarship was vmaerstood to have communicated to all eoncerned , his nigh displeasure at the revolutionary a » ject which the affairs ofltalj hai assumed , and his ad rice tb at the march of Liberalism in tbat Peniasula be opposed . The inlrepid Scbamyl was still harassing tbe Russians in tat Caucasus ,

      Untitled Article

      THE DEMOCRATIC MOYEHENT IN FRANCE . THE BANQUET AT DIJOST [ From a Correspondent ) A Reform Basnet was lately celebrated at Dijon , and of all the manifestatioiis of , thi French patriots which have been held , this ' may . te regarded as one of the most important and thscapst imposing . More than thirteen : hundred gnests . ''' astemb ' led ' .. around the Democratic standard , and eagerly listened to . the noble speeches of thoas oraWrs whom France and Europe so mucb admire . All those oration *—stamped vtith the impress of tha purest lore of liberty , and cf progreos—dictated , by the prophetic enthusiasm .,: which ia just and holy cause ever inspires , struck dumb the enemies of popular emancipation , and revived the dropping hopes of those who have faith In Prance , and in tfie ' providential mission whici

      she is called on to fill in the world ' s history . No ; France , which in her time has destroyed the hjdra of privilege and of prejudice— France ^ which has sfied so much blood for . the cause of the people , whom the has rescued by diet of firmness and of sacrifices , will not now at » ndon that cause , again menaced , and inglorious !? bend her head beneath . the impious yoke which would attempt ¦ to impose upoa few perjury , aed treason . Switserland has conqaered the enemy byher innumerable popular , Bnd heart ^ stirring associaUons ^ which constitute , ao to speak , a body full of life , and of good faith ! To a certain point , the Refena Banquet ! ar «; or Tiill become the popular societies of Fraace ,. Era long they will have their centre and their ramifications—their aim openly avowed , and clearlr laid befere the insases ; in short , forming an' orgaaiiatton waica trill treblo tbeir strength , by giving to them tbe power and unity necessary in o common cause ;

      AtthemoraeDtin which PrnBsia interposes in Swiiztri land , by approving of . the rebellion at Neufchatel , and in threatening the Diet—at the very moment-in which the powers ara endaay . ouring to find a fitting arena for their mediatory negotiations which no one requires , and from which the Swiss would easily pass , numerous" voices , people frem all the countries of , Europe , felicitate tha Federal Diet upon tbe measures which » bo has adopted , and breathe aspirations for the triumph of the good cause . The addresses which have emanated fr « m Germany , ' Sfs already so numerous , that the majority of the , journals now content themselves . with merely alluding to them . Neither at Dijoa was Switzerland , forgotten ; and tbe sympathies of the French people , expressed by the orators as the banquet , will produce amongst ourselves all tbe effect that could be aaticipatsd . Wbea the people hear and understand , tbeir strength redoubles , and their courage augments .

      On the Sniss affairs ,, II . Lihostet expressed bimsjlf in the following terms : — 1 A few , steps ' from , . this spot , behind those mountains which we behold , & drama is enacting , which thrills every heart . Hark ! to the clash of arms—to those unexp 5 cl 8 dwafnoig ^ . itisSwltzerJandnli ( chh » samen .-sri 8 dB for ' her fndependtnee—arisen like Franceiii ' 93 . Sbe , als 0 i has found ber Hofl'ha and Carnot , in that popular Senate , the eipreesion of Democratic power . Yesterday Jhat nation sosinall , that an , ogre of a Cabinet thought to swallow her op at a mouthful , behold her . now . defying two or three pswers / . who . pause in astonishment . Tbe hordes of Metternieh mark the scene , and our governors , acting with that to , rtuous"diplomacy worthy of the eause which they supper . tj employ secret intervention , find eonstitute themselves the abettors of the Jesuits . If they appear to hesitate , it is merely because opinion has es ^ pressed itself on ' this ' grond question ; it is merely because

      tbepriaciple of fraternity , a , nd of the sovereignty of the people , has ' made jtspawerfnl'voice to bs heard ; it \ b pefhapg becau 5 etiat ariny which they int « nd to march to the . frentisr , ' might possibly meet its doom on touching a land of liberty . They wish fey a monstrous pirversion of principles and of fact a , to make us the abettors of a faction every where reprobated . Ah ! let them , if they to will , ralngla , themselveB with the remains of that Prsstorian guardj which they were so happy one day to behold coBq ' ueredby the people . They atleast remained steadfast to their faith . But yon ! you go to ' etipulate tbe pries of your iniquitous bargain with the executioners of Gallicia . Ton y i eld sp your honour aad your arms to the Jesuits , your allies ; encourage your new friends , and kiss the bandies of their- swords . But enlightened France—the France ! of the people—touch it not on that peint . Her genius will never lend the strong hand for tae destruction eftho liberties of ber fellow citizens '

      At ths dtmocrstic toast , . 'To .-Swltseri&nd and her Independence ' , ' M . Backs spoke as follows : — : 'Citizens , —Th ' ree dajs ^ maroh . scarcely separates us from the generous nation- which combats for equality against aristocracy . We are , so "to speak , witnesses of this Btrugglej the iBsue of which " will not be doubtful be . tween the immense majority , which rests on equity , and that rebellious minority which prays for the sword of the foreigner . But everywhere the new coali'ion threatens this ancient . land of democracy ; diplomacy digs her subterraneaa mines ' ; the Jesuits relight the torches of fanaticism ; the Austrian troops block up on the north , on the south , and to the east , the Swiss ( rentiers , and boldly avow their sinister intentions , Thfy watch for a reverse in order to smother the cries ' of liberty , which .

      for six years , annoyed the masterBof Austria Bpon their throne ; ITow Metleralch fears that Italy will ' ¦ u nderstand them , and rise as one man to respond to the call . Doubtless , in case of an invasion , our herob friends would recommence tbeir history , and would find upon their lefty mountains , and in tbeir deep defiles , ' names renowned as those of DonerbubJ , Linpen , arid Morat ! ^ evertheleeB the despots are united , —against taem , the Swiss might still perish ; but jet no longer be'able to conquer for their ' country . Does riot tke dead holy of Poland , resting beneath its bleeding' shroud , testify that devotion may sometime * fall powerless b ' eneath'tbe force of a well organised military ' power ? Shall we gufFer our most ancient all y , that , renowned rtpublic that old traasalpiae Burgundy , to ' be swallowed up by

      the monarch * at the gates of France I . The time is ; pa 9 t for barren wishes end vain protestations . It is by acts that we maet assert out political faith . Let us be ready , if &ece 3 sary , t » seat with our blood the holy doctrine of the union aad fraternity of the people I Burgundians , you are worthy to give to France , and to bequeath to history , a memorable example ! Let us be the . first to preclaim here , in tbe midst of the people , that tbe independence of Switzerland is pieced under the safeguard of the Freoch Democracy . Aud sbosld the executioBers cf Gallicia dare to sully by their hateful presence the Helvetic territory , —let us be ready to repel them . Let each of as Itare this spot , officer or soldier of the sacred battalion , which will uphold justice againBt violenceright against tyranny . The tbrobbings of your patriot

      hearts will answer , tbat everywhere , throughout oar noble France , we shall be understood and united . Tha satellites of the monarchy will quail at the sight of oar flag . ' . Is it not the flag of oar illustrious fathers f Are we not the sons of these volunteers of' 92 and ' 93 who , 8 t * he sound of the Marseillaise , conquered coalesced Europe ? I know that tha deserters of Ghent still dream of the union of the Holy Alliance ; bat I know also that this crime will remain bb a dream before our resolutions , approved of by the united country . It is silence and the too easy acquiescence of tbe governed , which eneourage the ] audacity or governments . Let public opinion be heard , and the * system' { teelf would be compelled to bluBh for the shameful aid secretly furnished to the Sonderbnnd . Louis XVI . attempted in vain to stop the ardour of young men-who offered tbeir swords to tha jnsargents of the English colonies . Public opinion manifested itself , and tbe fleets and troops of the crown

      consecrated the birth of tbat republic which , then feeble , now commands a continent , and covers every sea with her vessels . And Cbarles X ., that blind representative of legitimacy , wbb he sot constrained in his tarn to bail the regeneration of Greece by the thnfiderg of the cnonon of Navarino ? But the soldiers of France will never be found in the ranks of tbe Hely Alliance . We know that the guns of our brave army were armed olcns against the auxiliaries of Brendt and of Szela . Let our Swiss brothers listen to our ardent vows , and re ' membar oar sacred promises . Hay they accomplish , in the calm of power , their work of strength asd moderation . Lefthem know that , on tbe approach of the foe , our bodies will sarve with their bodies , as the last rampart of liberty , — tbat our voices , united to theirs , will sead forth a supremo appeal , which , in awakening the people , will shake tbe world , and crush the oppressors to dust . The projects of the coalition will not succeed , citizens ; the Alp * are nigh to heaven , and tbis time France is not far distant . '

      Untitled Article

      THE CHARTIST AND LAND MOVEMENT . The Geemas Londoh New ^ papeb , ( Gectscbb Losdoheb Zbitotg ) of the 2 Sth ult ., in allnding to the Democratic Movement in England and Ireland , says : — ' Since Mr O'Connor ' s return to Parliament an unwonted energy seemB to pervade the Chartist ranks . Great meetings are being held all t&rough the country , and though formerly persecuted by the O'Connell party ,. Mr O'Connor is daily gaining more adherents in Ireland . It is eupposed that after tbe presen £ ses 3 ion be will makethe tour of Ireland , hold great meetings for the purpose of explaining Chartism and uniting the people of England and Ireland for their common good .. * * » Thus Mr O'Connor , as leader of both peoples , will become truly formidable to government , : more so than ever O'Connell

      was , and v * hat he was not , he is unpurcbasable . His great pride ia to say with truth that he never eafc a meal nor erer travelled a mile at the public expeB . Be bufc , on the contrary , baa sacrificed bisiarge fortune in the popular cause . _ *_ * Adverting to the Land Company , this paper says — ' The English middle classes dread this splendid movement , and tr y every posBjble means to injure it . That would-be-radical eonnting-honee organ , the Dispatch , thinks to crush tbe movement in attacking O'Connor ; but just the reverse is ^ the resultsince O'Connor always silences the musketry with his twenty-four pound shot . The Proletarians of England , already . enthusiastic for their leader , have been strengthened in their affection , and every where they cry : — ' WVH rally arouH" . * . again and again , '

      Untitled Article

      NOTES OF A JOURNEY PROM O'CONNORVILLE TO TBE CHARTIST EST ATES OF MINSTER LOVEL . SNIG'S END , MOATE , AND REDMARLEY .

      GiNiM R 2 ADBR , ~ Did you ever , on a bright January ¦ morn / with a ligfac heart , and a lighter pocket ; start on a pedeBtwantdup , your cheek glow ing with , the bracing air , your heart boundin g with the thought of novelties to be admired , and the company of friends to be enjoyed ? If you have ' not had this good fortune , you have a pleasure yet in store . Accompany ta _ e in thought , and enjoy this pleasure by anticipation . . * " .. .: . Brightly shone the sun oh leaving ' O'Connorville , tiniinfrwith'i ts . belutifuIhu . eX'tfre / sere ' andyeJIoff foliage whicri the mildness of the ' afeason had left' on the delightful wood 8 by whichit is Surrounded . A few miriutea walk "brines us into Newland Park , a

      pleasant spot , purchased spine years' back by an army tailor from Lbnddni but now unoccupied . Th 9 footpath crossing it leads , through , ajbeautiful avenue of yew trees , to the village of ' St Giles . Cbalfont . These rare ' 6 ld " yew trees , what associations they call forth ? ' Wtiatf Contrasts' to the New World I . had just quitted . They speak of Harold , the Saxon , and hisNorman foe ; they recall the days of Cressy and Agincourt ; the haughty baron and our . onpe bold peasantry are preaeiit to the mind ' s eye . ; Scarce an ancient Mansion but 6 ur pVovideht , ancestors de , co « rated its approaches with this national emblem of warfare ; nota ' chtirchyard bqt . had this sacre , d ^ resource cd ' nsecratecf ' to tine defence of the country . Would that we had bow a national weapon , war and

      oppression would ' then vanish befere the glance of our armed people . A few minutes walk brings you to the ehurehyard , where the first-prominent object that meets your eye is seven tornbston ' es belonging to a family named Br . idshaw . You read , the inscriptions . The age attracts your' attention .. ; One 90 , asotherTi , lrO , ' 69 , 60 , 59 , 58 , and two juniors , 28 and 18 . Read this , ye teil-worn slaves of tne North . Ye , whose years are short . that your employer ' s gains may be great . Rend this" , yo grinders of Sheffield—ye weavers of Norwich—ye sfockingers of Leicester—ye bakers of the metropolis—and think not these were tombs of an olden date . They range from 1825 to 1845 . / Return , then , to a natural state of life ; inhale once mere the , ' . pure airl

      and your days shall belong in the land . mthinhalF a mile of this village , is an experiment' making by a German ; of the name of Bohn . He has built about eight cottages , containing two rooms' each , ' and one four-roomed bae , independent of the house where h © resides . The houses are far inferior to'those at O'Connorville—costTng under j £ 30 . each . They have a small garden attached to them , and about two acres of land to each , . about a quarter of a mile distant . The land is inferior in quality ie ' oUrB , " :-Therent much ' hfgher , and they have rio aidmopey allowed ; ' neither have I the greatest faith in the party conducting the . experiment—but such is the , desire for tbe land ^ that most of the houses aye oecii-,. pied ; arid , as fellov ?' workerB in the cause ! ' we wish '

      them ' God speed . " * ' They will have many difficulties to contend against >( but the greater will be their satisfaction when they overconiq .: thera . ' . Parsing through Ghsi | foni ; and the " '' villages' of Households and Seergreeh , 'I krrived ' at : BeaConsfield , a' spacious ! market towns , oh the high' road ip Oxford , distant twenty-three miles from' Lsindbn . ' Diverffing thence from the main r 6 a ' d { having to visit Reading ) . I passed through the village of Woburfi , with its pretty green , affording abundant food for the poor man ' s Btock , and , thereby , increasing h ' Is raeans of subsistence . Alas ! that sb ' many of ' these vestiges of the time when the land of tHe'natiott belonged to the people of tbe nation , ' should h ' ave beeBallbwed ( o disappear , to increase the farm ' s of those who were already

      burdened with more acres than with brains . Here the Messrs Venables have" some large paper mills , and the village altogether had a flourishing appear : anfce . . I also observed seiyeral ' acres laid out in allotments of a few poles each , but the method of cultivation said biit Jittle for the agricultural skill of the tenants- ; and 'I must here remark that duringa fortnight ' s ramblej 1 did riot ' see any gardens bo well cultivated as our allotments at 'O'Connorville . . In the country villages no apparent ^^ attention was paid to them . The shoenaakerPj tailbrV , &c . ' , in the suburbsof the town I passed through , seeined decidedly in advance of their agricultural brethren . From Wobarn it is five miles to Marlow . Here ia an elegant suspension bridge over the Tharaes . At the foot

      of the bridge ; ia St Margaret ' s Church , a brick stru ' e . ture , but a model for" elegance and purity of » tyle . In the distance is Bteham Abbey . These architectural beauties , the Thames , roaring and foaming aa itfalls over the weir into the stream below , and .. the view , bounded by a range of hills covered with magnificent trees , form a picture such as it has seldom been my lot to gazs on . Towards nighfall I reaehed Reading , the _ home of my parient 3 , where a fond welcome was mine . A day's rest and enjoyment , and the reader will accompany me to Oxford ,, Cityef spires-i-oace far-famed seat of learning—truly many and glorious are the associations connected with thee . You view its' princely colleges , with their ivy-erbwned domes—its sequestered cloisters , with their elaborate , yet fantastic , decorations—its stately halls , rich with the biblical . treasurea of agesand ponder over its having betn the nusery of many

      of the great and learned men who baro . shed lustre upon the English annals , from the days ol the great Alfred to the present time—each stone , each tree , its every feature , receives and , imparts a veneration that Its present position , either , in . learaing ! or politics , would not accord to it . ' At Oxford , in company with Mr Doyle , we attended a tea party and bali , in commemoration of one oi their members being successful at the late ballot , ' and the evening ' s entertainment proved that a Btrong democratic eVaracter pan be sustained , even when surrounded by priestly intolerance and fawning , sycophancy . Honour , I say , to the good and true men of Oxford ! From Oxford to Witney is ten miles ' . Witney is . noted for its blanket Hanufactories , butj owing to the badneaj of trade , nearly all the hands were out . of employ , and the inhabitants informed' us that if many had not been employedon the Chartist . estate , the , distress in the town would have been awful .

      From Witney to Minater Lovel is abont two and a halt miles , of a gentle ascent . On the right yeu pass a large building , intended for the reception of those aged , infirm , or undisposed of slaves , whom the state of the money market , or our relations with America , or China , or any relations but those of justice or humanity , render valueless to their masters , and who , crowded , here ' like , slaves in the hold of a slave ship , await . until hunger ,, fever ,, or madness , send ttem to another world—er , haply , until some change in the markets furnishes tbem with anew master , from whom , by dint of Bervility ,. they may beg leave to toil ,. in order , to eat their daily bread . What a contrast to this is tbe spectacle that , in a contrary" direction , meet ? your eye . There

      Labour has erected her refuge for the destitute , inviting a comparison between that and the government refuge opposite . Would that such a contrast could be Bhown in every union of parishes in the kingdom . I had formed some idea , from Mr O'Connor ' s letters , of the gigantic operations , now . carried on for the purposes of the soeiety , but the reality was far greater than the anticipation . Miles of road are formed , where none heretofore were known . Quarries fpr building materials are being successfull y worked , where none dreamed of their , existence . Lime-kilns are in full operation . In fact , every possible operation is carried on , that can in any way save the cost ; of carriage or material , a due . regard being had ' to the qualify of the . latter . . Eighty houses

      are erected , six others were being commenced ; but when I say eighty ftP . usep . you can scarcely conceive the eround these stand upon , tb . e distance from the first house to the last , or theimmense labour necessary in pieparing footpaths , $ c , to , the same . , A portion of tbe estate lies on each side , ( he high road to Cheltenham ; on ' the one side the houses are built in tho ferm of a crescent , with the school , a magnificent building in the centre : on the other sid < v the property stretches down to the waters edge , ne » r which stands the old farm house with its " numerous barns , outbuildingB &c , which have . been converted into stables for the Chartist horses . Another portion of the estate lies on both ' sides the road tofirize Norton , the houses forming one ' eontiuuous street , upwards or

      a mile and a half in length , with a cross streot branching therefrom ; truly it seems a town in itself . Each hpusejis nicely finished with eyery requisite for demestic convenience , and in external deceration they far exceed any cottages I have yet seen * - The land is considered , the bpst in tho neighbourhood , and , with the exception of a small portion by the road side , has an exceeding great depth of . soil . During our stay here the hogs , . which . Mr O'Connor has been fattening with the bar [ ey grown oa the estate , were' killed , and' I never before eaw . animals go fat of theirslze ; they iuraed out even better than thepurchaser anticipated . The manure mads by the hogs , cows . and horses is'dpeof ' the most advantageous of the Company ' s co-operatiYe results , the benefit to the allottees will be greiat at a comparatively trifling amount of increased reat ' . Mr Cwllingbam , the su «

      perintendant kindly showed us ever the whole works * and explained the various operations yet to be performed . The land , Imaystate , will not ba cropped by the Company , but Laving been twice ploughed will new lay exposed to the fertilising action of the weather , until the allottees take possession . Whilst bere I visited . the ruins of Lovel Castle , for strange as it may sound ^ n the ^ ars of some ,, we are now the actual possessors of a 6 pw famed ba » o . nial manor . The castle is quite a . Tuin , but the space . it covers shows tbat it must . once have been an iniEiense structure . lilies about half a tnile from the estate , on the banks of the . river VVindruah ,. and is tbe scene of . that most' cel e brated , cf , all . English rociances * The Old English Baroq . ' It is also the scene of the song of the ' . Alisletop Bough , ' where Lord Lovel ' s bride is Buffocated in the old oaken chest . ' ' ' . ...

      It closed with a spring and dreadful doom , ' Tne bride lay clasped ia a living tomb ,. ' ¦' The baronial castle is fast vanishing , the very name of Lovel has became extinet . The Lords of Minat-er sleep ia their narrow tombs , Tradition ia

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      B rowing forgetful alike of their honours- and their c rimps . A new era has dawned ; a mighty enchanter has waved his wand . The Wmdrush , tbat six months ago . flowed in solitude through the estate to the mighty Thames , lias ' seen a village , a town , rise on its banks , taking the place and the power of these frowning battlements , and proclaiming tbat the Jaat remnants of ' foudali&m are now destined to fall by thehands of those serfs whom the enchanter ia fast changing into free men . Yes , the days ot . Feudaliahi in England are for erer gone .. May the good yeo ™ U i e ^ e p ^ ac ^ of the serf while enJ ° y"nS tlie independence of whioh he know not , and thoso comforts ; of which he was i >> ignorance . May he pre . serve that love ef home , that respect for local and national associations , which were the stronses * safeguard of the nation in the days of old . The land is now echoing the shouts of national defences . A contented

      peasantry attached to dwellings from whioh no tyrant landlprd ^ can . fject them , a peasantry who can look on thehome of their hearts andisay 'here will wo live , here will woidie , ' would be worth whole armies , bowever disciplined , in the event of an invasion . The soldier looks with comparative indifference on the land of his birth , 'twas a harsh step-mother to him ; tnevjcissitudes of war have kept him ia perpetual estrangement from it ; by constantly journeying to and j fro bo ceases to have any idea of local association , or to be acted upon by the feelings and sympathies of home . The camp beeomes his country ,

      his brother soldiers become his fellow-citfz « ns , and his loyalty is given to his favourite general and not to his country , or bis king ; contrast such an army with a militia composed of free men , men having an interest in their native land , a stalce in the hedge ; but until that day arrives let no chicanery of the government , no false colouring on the part of the press , tempt one Chartut to swerve from the ' No Vote no Musket cry . This digression having trenched upon my space , I must conclude my notes in the ensuing Star . Tbomxs Mahtis Whebler . O'Connorville .

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      Kkighlby . —The inhabitants of Keighley have suffered a severe loss in > tbe death of John Miller , curator of animals , < to ., who died on his passage home from America , where ho had been collecting rare specimens of birds , reptiles , insects , &o . Though only a working man and labouring under the disadvantages , of poverty , and a very limited education , ha displayed a skill and shrewdness in tbe pursuit of his favourite study , which stamped him as a man of yery superior abilities and natural talents . Through aatrppg desire to explore different parts of North America in quest of birds and other natural curiosities , he contrived to save a few pounds by dint o » rigid' perseverance aad economy , and failed from Liverpool on . the . 17 ih of September , 1846 . in pursuit

      of his favourite object . He remained in America about fourteen months ; eight of which . he spent about St Louis > . in&illing and preserving animalc , supporting' himself during that time by preparing andiselling specimenB amongst the inhabitanf ! . The assiduity with ' which he followed his pursuit , and th 9 ;^ ariety of climates he had to encounter , brought on , an illness , nnderwhioh he laboured , six months , gradually growing worse ; iniwhich condition , ' he embarked-atNew Orleans for England , and died after being aboutaraonth on the passage . The specimens of tcuriositie 3 he had acquired , consisting of birds , insects , serpents ,-. and other things ; have-been brought from ; Liverpoel , and : jt is the intention of his . friends / ta exhibit them -witlii a great . quantity

      mqre to the public , for the benefit of- the Widow and family- It is to b&hoped that-the ; lovers of natural curio-itlesiwill remember that he has died in extreme p&veity , andleft ; a widow and seven children , who TOrefondly expecting his return ; when they received t > 5 e news of biS'death , and the burial of his remains in they ^ ttlantic Ocea n . The committee of the Kejghilyv Mechanics ! Institution have generousl ) granted the ¦ uas of . ; the hail and- tha gas for the exhibition , vthioh commenced on Saturday last , Jan . 30 th ,-and ffill continue open for a week . " Warrinotok . —WnEAT Dibbliko . Machise . —On Monday evening week , a ; public meeting was con

      vened to witness tho performances of a dibbling machine , invented and constructed by Mr Co » way , of this town . The placard , calling the meeting , stated that one man with the aid of this machine would be enabled to perform asmuch work as thirty men by the present mode of dibbling wheat . It is generally admitted by practical men that dibbling or setting wheatis not only the best , producing the most profitable crops , but effects a great saving of seed . The only objection against dibbling ; as compared with the present'system of broad-cast , being the enormous amount of labour absorbed , and that labour of a very cramped and painful nature . Considerable ) opposition

      has been manifested towards the inventor on account of the placard stating , that with this maohine one man would be enabled to perform the woik of thirty men by the present mode of single peg dibbling , but this objection was at once removed , when the inventor showed that by the use of this machine and the consequent introduction of a general system ofdibbliug wheat , instead of sowing U 'broad-cast , ' it would give employment to six men where one only is employed at present , the immense ' saving effected in the item of seed more thnn covering the additional cost for labour . ' Thus , it will be seen that this machine , instead of throwing men out of work , will open up a new source of employment , while it will be found of great advantage to farmers and corn-growers . An experimentVas made in the room to test the practi cability of the invention , when it was found JhatMr Conway , by the aid of his machine , performed in twentv-five " seconds as much work as took two

      cx-! pert dibblers seven miniitG 3 arid a half—thus proving to a demonstratiin that it will do all that the inventor saya it will . Tho meeting was quite astonished at the novelty and eaty working of ' tho machine , as it requires' no stooping , the man working it while ¦ standing iu ao upright position . After inspecting tn& reachine . ' the meeting came to the following resolution : — ' That it is tbe opini on of this meeting that the wheat dibbling machine invented and constructed by Mr Con way , will answer in a remarkable degree all the purjoses jForwbfch it . was invented , and is a very importnnt improvement , upon the present system . ' Mr Conway stated that it was his in . tention to hbld him 3 Plf in rf adiness to viait any locality whoae members- might feel disposed to witness the working of this machine , as it will be found a great acquisition to members belonging to the Land Company in the management of their allotments . All letters to be addressed to Mr C . Conway , Scotjand-road , ( Warririg ' toi ) , ) 'Lancashire .

      : Pdblic Scpper at Ashion-under-Ltm ! to celebrate the Anniversary of , the pinhday of Thomas Paine . —On . Saturday , the 29 th : of January ; at six o ' clock , in the evening ., about one hundred of the disciples of . Thomas raine assembled in the Chartist Association rooru ' ,- ; Bentinck-8 tree , ty , to celebrate his birth . Tbe large " room was very tastefully ornamented , and mostjJBplerididly decorated with all tbe political portraits , of our age ; at the head of which shown most cpnspiououaly a convention of Elihu Palmar , the American blind philosopher , Thomas Paine , Richard Carlisle , Rev . Robert . Taylor , Mirabeau ; Voltaire , Volney , Condorcet , Franklin , Joel Barlow ^ Bressot , Kfarquisde Chatelot , and Georfe Washington , —at the other end was ; a conclave of

      about three yards by two , in one elegant gilt frame , of all the Star portraits , with the People's Charter in the centre , with tho immortal Hunt supporting it on the riebt , and Fearguu O'Connor and T . S . Dun . combe ,, Esqrs ., on the . left . After the assemblage bad unbjirthened the tables of their cumbrous weight , which , consisted of . roast beef and potatoes , that true democrat , Mr James JIyson ; . wns calLd ; on to preside , supported on . his right by that veteran in the cause pf . liberty , Mr Charles Walker , aged 84 years , and , William Bedford ,, editor ; of the Ashtoman ; . on the left ,, we saw Mr ; William ! Aitken , schoolmaster , Jame 3 . 'JI , ' aylor , president of the a = so . oiation , Samuel Radeliffe ,. agent ,: and Mr Erriest Whitwortb , schoolmaster . The chairman opened

      the business in a very neat speech , and concluded by proposing , ' The Sovereignty of the . People / which was drank by all present , upstanding and uncovered , and ably responded t 6 by Mr Richard Pilling . The nexttqastwas 'The Immortal - Memory of Thomas Paine ; ' ably responded to by Mr W . Aitken . The nex ? toast § iven was ' A Landed Damocracy , and may tbe plan propounded by Feargus O'Connor , Esq . and the Chartist Executivelead to the destruction of tho law ( , ! primogeniture , —a bsiter cultivate ' native land , and a greater state of . happiness for th «" Industrious of these lalunds ;' -responded to at-grea * length by Mr William Bedford . The next toast was' The Barons of RunnymedB-whoforced theiyrant John to sigH Magna . Charta ; and may the Barons of the present age . emulate thsir deeds : ? responded to by Mr Jam « 8 Taylori in a , very energetic speech , who w ' m very ably supported by Mr Charles Walker ; wko

      spoke at great length on the present Charter ; Tht next toast . being 'The Democratic Members of the H 6 ' us 8 of Commons . ! ri-sponded-to by Mr John Alexander Steuart ; ; tbia toast was very ably supported by MrSaniuel Andrew , of Charlestown . Tfce next toast was 'The , Immortal Memories of Henn Hunt ,. William Cobbett , and ' all the illuatriouj dead of every nation who have contributed to the cause , of Freedom ; ' responded to by . Jeseph Taylor , and-supported by . Mr Sarauel Walker ; who gave an account of the , rise and progress of : Chartism in h i owh t ^ wn . ¦ A number of patriotic songs and recitations enlivened the proceedings until-a late hour , whea after a Tote of ; thanks to the chairman , —three cheers for the L ^ nd an d . Charter , —three cheers f r the veteran Charles Walker . —the company broke un very highly gratified with the evening ' s enter tainment . :

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      PitBS , Fisivtm ; and BEAinfoas . nowrj . A ; Wonderful Cure by ' Abernothy ' g . Pilo Ointment . > -, Robt . TVitherhi . il , of Glavhamconimon , Kwrrey / 'lina been ' several yean afflicted with pileaand fistulto , ' besides a ge ' nerir ' lbDaringi down of the most painful nature , , He had tried air intcrnal medicines for that complaint without deriving the least benefit . Ho was advised by a friend to purchase a pot of'Abt-rnetby ' s Pile Ointmi'iit / and on the first urplicatioH found great relief , and by using three 4 s . 6 d . pota was completely owed , and has not hnd a return , which is uow eighteen months since he used the oiatmtut .

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      GREENWICH . GREAT MEETING IN SUPPORT OF THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER AND TO AID THE RETUUN 0 F A CHARTIST MEMBER FOR THE BOROUGH . A moat enthusiastic public meeting wait held in that splendid amphithentre , the Leoture flail ; Royal Hill , on . Wednesdayevening , January 20 th . in imp . port of the above objects ; and . notwithstanding the severity of the weather , there could not have been less than , eight hundred persons present , amoagst whom we noticed manjr of tho electors , whe appeared much interested in thn proceedingn .

      At half-past seven o clock , Mr Ekhbst Jokes was called to the chair , amidst laud cheer * , and in an addreBB of considerable length ably argued in favour of equal representation , and called on the men of Greenwich to rally again in favour of their represen . tative and their representation . The chairman was frequently intenupted by thunders of applause , and concluded hiB address by calling on Mr Samoei , M'Gowan Ktdd , the people ' s ' member for Greenwich , who rose amidst every demonstration of popular enthusiasm , and thus nddreaed the meetin ? -. —Mr Chairman and citizenB of Greenwich , our friend Mr Jones has introduced me as your representative , and certainly lam morally the exponent of the political viewa of the majority of the citizens oi

      this borough . At the late electioB , Mr Fisher , the returning officer , declared on the day of nomination , thai Samuel Kydd and David Salomons , were duly elected . Admiral Dundas and Mr Barnard demanded a poll , and at that part of the proceeding , the free choice of the people wag interfered with , clasa legislation , with all its attendants—fear , bribery , and intimidation , were resorted to ; the re . suit was , thef election of Mr Barnard and Admiral Dundas to sit in the Commons' IIous * of Parliament ; not indeed to represent the wishes and interests ol the people by the exercise of moral means , biit legally and unjustly to : diafranchise the borough—; ind in effect to represent themselves and a small fraction of the coraniunity . This glorious old thine

      called the British Constitution , establishes law in opposition to morals , and the distinction between me and my opponents is the following : —Mr Barnard and Admiral Dundas are by force and fraud your misnamed representatives ; I am , by the voice of rea « son and the standard ot justice , morally your repre . sentatiye--they are the men of the fraction—1 a * n tho choice of the people . And I will now briefly al « hide to some of tbe leading questions of the day af . f ' ectinu your interests , and the interests of tbe community generally . The Navigation Laws were al luded to by all the candidates at the late election . No gentleman soliciting your suffrage however , expressed a decided opinion on the question , but all of these men told you that they would consider the

      que .-tion and vote of course for ' yonr interests . Froni what J . glean frrm the reports on this subject , I Have rood reasons to euspeot that the Navigation Laws wi-l be abolished , and Tery probably your honourable members willfote for their abolition—buthoW far such a course may be of . advantage to your borough is a question for discussion . It is argued by tho free , tracers that Englishmen can build vessels as cheaply as Russjan * , Dutchmen , or Americans ; but I put this plain question to the shipowners , sailors , and carpenters . How is it that a vessel trading ' to- the . Baltic , requiring masts eryards , except incase of extreme urgency ,- doea not eet the same previous to sailing from England ? The aBSweris ready beeause true , they can be had cheaper abroad . Where

      do we get our timber from ? you answer the Baltic and America ; It therefore costs us freight' and duty more , in price than it does the Russian or . imeriean , -to which must be added wharfage , profits of timber , merchants ,. insurance , &o . How the * : stands ourrelation with our foregin neighbours ? If we say _ to them free ingress and free egress , ^ tree competition , we meet' them on equal terms , and we must beat them or they boat us . The English sea mrn-come on a leyel with the Russian , eating his coarse bread , and drinking wate ' rinstea'd of haying good meat , good bread , and his sh&rcof grog . I am told the English carpenter can work so much harder than the Biissian , which simply means the English carpenter most' pay higher taxes , and be in . reality

      a greater slavethan ^ the Russian serf . Previous to the repeal-. af tha Corn Laws , the oratora of the Anti corn-isw League informed the ship owners that a free trade in corn , would ' enhance the value of shipping , by icereaaing'the ' earrying trade , and ' the English shipowner of course supported the League . 1 Free trade in corn' was then the standard cry' Cheap bread for the people , ' waa the watch . wrrdof the party —? nd manufacturing prosperity , a ' tid increased food were the promised results . Neither of the results have followed . DrBowrrnp , Mr Cob--den , and Mr Bright , have not yet been able to show plain men like John West , of Maccle ? field , or James

      Leach , of Manchester , the ability of the heavily taxed Englishmen , importing cotton from America , to comoete successfully with the American , Well , ' aay Dr Bowrinc and Co ., wo must go on with Free Trade—repeal the Navigation Laws—which simply mean ? , that the shipping interests of the country must be sacrificed ; not for the gerieial good of the community , but for the advantage of a knot of cotton and woollen lords , resident in Yorkshire and Lancashire , who bid fair to ba tho rulers of this country , and whoso fierce and reckless competition have ruined our manufactures—decimated . our population— crudy maltreated women and children—and enriched themselves . These men' desire to extend

      their suicidal policy , cariflg not for the effects on ' others provided the policy pursued be beneficial to their own interests . The rise , progress , worth , and power of the millocraey of England / merits our consideration * Sixty years ago the manufactures * bf England were spread over the f ; ice of the coiintry Y every town and ¦ villnge contained its shef ' niaTier , tailor , blacksmith , and manufacturer . The ' woolpaik'ia a common signboard in every old villasj ' e and borough of the land . ' Enter these boroughs' and ; villages now—look among the inhabitants—and ' , you find » , he tailor , shoemaker , and 'blacksmith : but where is thfi distaff , the fepreserifative _ ot the apinning-jermy interest ? You look in vain for the yiU lage manufacturer , but yet you see linens and cottdr . s

      ticketed veny cheap—flimsj rotten things , manufactured in Manchester ^ ¦ Rochdale , or Bradford , by men who have centralised our manufactures in a few towns , and because of the mechanical improve . mentsof-Arkwrightand Hargreaves , and their own shrewd calculating &elfishne 89 , lmve araaBsed foftunea for themselves , and now ask all tbe other interests of the state , to be mined for their gain . Their ambition knows no bounds , ; and their acquisition of wealth seems'but to sharpen their appetites for ga ' p , and increase thdr lust of goldi According to tho income tax returns of 1814 . tho value of property ik Lanca * uira waa £ 3 0 S 7 , 774 , and in 1843 it was ^ 7 , 307 . 1 W ) . One would Chink that such ah increase of wealth-would surely ' satisfy the possessors ' , and

      ensure happiness and plenty for the people . It hap , however , done neither ; the people are now starving for want of food—perishing for want of clothing " . The millowncrs demanding eleven hours labour from factory children , or our country is ruined ; the last ounce of flesh'must be had from man , woman , and child , in oider that our manufacturing Molochs may ride in carriages , buy up landlords , impoverish our shipowners , ruin our people , and then exultingly exclaim , ' England is the glory of the world . ' tf the free traders bo pressed hard on the repeal of the navigation } a * s , Bomedf them may adroit that It is necessary to ' sacrifice the'interests of the few for the general welfare of tlie state . This sounds exceedinelv Datriotic . find we know something of its results .

      When ^ IlHekinson carried his' free trade measure , reducing the import duty on silks , it was censide ' red necessary to have cheap silks , an'd cheap silks ' , are , of course , a very oxct-llont thin ^;'; but let us see the effect on the silk weavers . In evidence given by J . Blwklehurst , Jun . Esq ., Before the selectxomroittee ontbesjlk trade , we-have tho" following questions and answers : — ' Question 11 , 413 : Do you know any instance of mill property being otfered for sale ? I knnw an instance of a mill oriBinaliy coating £ 6 , 000 or £ 7000 , and was purchased in 1827 for £ 1 , 700 and Tstated the fact to the Board of Trade in 1828 , tor 1829 ; a few weeks ago I met the late pre . prictor in London , and aaked him what that mill actually cost' ; ho said £ 7 000 , independently , of

      machinery . 'Costinghini £ i 000 mqre ; and that that property which cost him £ 11 , 000 , was knocked down for £ 1 . 790 , and ab nit £ 200 for the machinery . ' So much for the effect of free trade in silk onjthe possessor of property . Now for the wages of the weaver . In-182 fi the average wag « -s of the ailfc weaver , was 16 s ; 6 di per week ; two years after free t'ade bein ^ introduced weekly wages Gs , 6 d . Such a policy means cheap silks to the rich , and dear silks to the weaver ' s , wife aud ¦ daughters ... True enough , saya the freetrader , but it is all for the good of the state . The duty was taken off glass lately ; what-an excellent thins ; to have cheap glass ; ask the makers oi ouHaticy glass ornaments , and they wilt answer you , that 'Bohemian glass can be imported for kss than

      they formerly received for wages . Free trad « in bdnts ,-shoes ,-hat- , fancy workboxe ? , musical instramehts / Ao . What adeliehttnl thiii » to have French b . ^ ots , French hatband French , silks . ' and German musical boxes . Re « nily Miss ' s bonnet-fra ho welhso nea ^ , and above nil so cheap ; Master ( George ' slmt is perF ^ ctly ch armiBg , and Sir Robert's tnoroccoslippers perfectly dt-ljahtful . What of the poor ahoemakers , hatter ? , tailor ? , . cabinet-maker , glass-blowers ; silk weavers , &c ? Oh ! they areauch excellent workmen , can work harder , than the French or Germans } true enough they ' ar ^ ye ry poor , tiut . - 'they-are so'iridu 8 trious , _ reaWy after all you see it is all for . the gpod the

      o ^ conjmunityj .. Now ,-1 admjtthatin alliegishv tion , Ihe interests of the minority . ; should be merged in t \ ie weVfare : ot ' rthe raajoifitj ' , ' and : suppose I graat that Free Tradeis sound in principle , under certain circuto ? f ' ance ' 3 ^ praoticaI ,. for . alU * wfl ; ar $ ; aimplyregtt-Iftti ' onV , cannot fya immutable , ibufceonstantlj 1-subject tb'tbaTige . I think ' the BrBt great intereaV ' tba ) refjiiiresconsiderationi . istheintereii ^ tef thB , National Debt . 7 A 11 wipney is Valuable . noi becpuae . of intrinsic worth , but because of tho- quantity of necssfariea for the supporfcof life that money can buy in the mar-Vet . Every requisite of existence , food excepted , is not more than one-half its former price , whilst tl e interest of our National Debt has increased . Well ,

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      then , what think you patriotic Free Trader ? If >< a propose an adjustment of our National Debt , it would certaifly be a hardship for tbe poor annuitant , but it will be an act of justice to the nation , and whatia sauce for the goose should be sauce for the gander ; and if it be just to reduce the wages of the weaver for the benefit of the majority , it cannot be unjust t © reduce the income of the annuitant for the welfare of the nation , besides the Jews h .-we doubled their fortunes within the last fifteen years , and it cannot bs a wisely governed State that makes fortunes for the few and famine for the many . Then there are tfce landholders , too , who have managed to shift the greater share of taxation on the backs of the working classes ; , who have ina few years taken from the

      people the common lands ; and made them private property . Thero ib no act of injustice on record more foul in principle than the enclosing and appropriation of the commen lands ; to call things by their proper names , Legislative Enclosure Bills have been , landlord robberies . Suppose we say to those men named landowners , you must refund , we tax you to support tbe poor of this country—the poor belong to the land and not to the shopkeeper—so to enable us to trade freely and profitably , you must , find woTkfox every roan able and willing to labour , if not , yon must pay for his keep out of your income . My l « rd might think this demand rather oppressive , but remember you voted for Free Trade in silk , and it is just to legislate for tho true interests of tho State .

      Suppose wo next call on hi » Grace , the Bishop , saying your curate gets £ 100 per year—you aa ) lie is a very good ChriBtian . What think you of giving ' ua a share ef your income , and are if you cannot bos good Christian for something less than £ 10 , 000 or £ 12 , 000 per annum ? and ssy we go over the pension list , and in fact reduce all the national burdens that oppress the working and middling classes of societyana after having reduced our taxation , developed our industrial resource established a healthy home trade , our legislature may then say ; Free Trade , cheap shipping , and all the rest efit . but without

      such reforms as those enumerated , all Free Trade mean 9 in practice robbery of the poor for the benefit of the rich . And the tendency of the policy is to cectralise property in the hands of a few men who will at no distant day possess both tbe land and quarrief , shipping , and factories of this island . This process robs on quietly , but rapidly in this country ; James Garth Marshall , the millionaire of Leeds , ia neighbouring land owner to Lord Brougham ; our manufacturers have their town and country residences , and hear of an estate being sold—vou will generally discover tbat the purchnsc-r is a merchant or manufacturer . This new aristocracy are more to

      be feared than the old feudal barons—they unite calculation with cruelty—cunning with avaricecraft with ostentation—property with despotism . Tha old aristocrats are formal and outworn , imbecile for good , and supporters of antiquated systems . The new aristocracy are energetic and rich . they will neither support our charities nor patronise the fina arts : their motto is ' Every man for hiaisslf' They absorb the life ' s blsod of our nation in chilly selfishness , and make our morality dried and barren . Yet if the present system be not changed—these mustmom millionaires are destined to be our i ulers ,-and England ' s working men their slave ? . A number of , 1 daresay , very honest men ars | now desirous of repealing the window tax . and really the window is a most

      cruel impost , and I should be very glad to hear of its being removed ; but what says Sir Charles Wood , the ' national tax collector ? He saya ' it brings a mfl-. lion and a quarter annually into tho Exchequer and I cannot do without it . ' No , the Whigs nevar can spare any money ; they have . I believe , added £ 8 , 000 . 000 . lately , to our national debt , and talk about increasing the-income tax . Thff Whigs ara darling boys to ; manage the cash affairs , they retrench the pauper ' s gruel , and economise the digestive properties of our stomachs . The property and income tax , too , are poking things , they make our ^ shopkeepers grow serious , and enable their bankers to know how far to give them credit . The return to direct taxation is compulaoFy on the part of

      government , butjt will be a rare specimen ef Whigeconnmy to take the tax off light and put it on income How liberal ! shifting the burden from the window to tha ledger , but both convng from the pocket at last . This is certainly tho age of invention and ingenuity , a » d the Whigs , true to the chemistry of tha age , absorb all that ia valuable in their profession and are of course in the advance guard of the lighi fingered fraternity , and manage the pickpocket department in a very professional manner . When I appeared before you on tbe day of nomination , I did so as the humble advocate of great and noble principles . The Penple ' s Charter appears to me as the Rational manifesto of the people ' s rights , not tbs Magna Charta for a privileged order , but the

      maximum populi ; the great charter for all . My supporters have beer , often told tbat these principles would lead to anarchy and confusion , to plunder and bloodshed ? I ask , where is tbe evidence for so flippant an a 9 sertionf Did not America—the oldest born of England—rise in rebellion against the mother country , and after a long , and to England an inglorious struggle , succeed in wresting from a haughty and beggared ministry a declaration of independence ? America established Universal Suffrage as the basis rf her constitution , and I ask is property lets safe in New York ihan in London ? lifeless respected in Philadelphia than in Glasgow ? Every one knows that property and life are as safe on the western as en the eastern side of the

      Atlantic ; and in tbo free States of Switzerland , & !• though on a late occasion suffering from internal cfinimotion , yet the rights of property and the liber-. ties' . of the subject have remained unaltered , and tha i brave men of the Cantons eould be courageous in war and forgiving in peace ; whilst the stability of . her ir . 3 titution ? , ' the comfort and independence of her hardy people , have been the subjects of praise and admiration from the dayB of Bacon to the records of tbo latest travellers . To protect property ia ¦ the very . nature of man . Is there a fire in your ¦ warehouse , who endanger their lives to save your property ? the people . Is there an act of petty local despotism practised , who rebels against it ? ths Ipeople ; Is there an act of cruelty committed wantonly against the weak , who sympathises

      with -the' injured and redresfes the grievance f the people . Is there an invasion threatened whom do you ask to defend you ?—tho people . Who are the porters of your bank—the mariners of your vessels ? In a word , to whom do you entrust your lives and property ? To tbe people . Yet aw you not assassinated—yet are you no ' robbed ? Andif England , with such a people , advanced and fast advancing in knowledge , ia not fitted for seif-covemment ? tell me why America exist ? , and Switzerland is still a nation ? It seema a waste of time to reasoa with such an opposition . The insulting accusation arises from ignorance or intention—if the former , tha parties using it are to be pitied ; if the latter , they deserve not to be reasoned with , I observe you are to have a meeting in this ball , on the evening of tomorrow , to aid tho removal nf the disabilities now

      pressing on tfee Jews . W ° N > Lord John Russell , who can play more thanono line of character , in his 8 ; ecch in the House of Commons on that same question , declared hia belief that the people of London were more intelligent than the ruembers of the House of Commons ; and surely , after snch a declaration , no supporter of his lordship will urge such an objection . On ' y my Lord John is apt to change—the cameleoa is a standard for light and shade compared to his lordship . The Whig leader was cl&thed that night in tba garb of Radicalism . The eou ! of John Ball seemed in the possession of the last of the Ruiaells ; and his lordship , big with his love of justice , appealed nobly to tho honourable members of the thrice bonotirabta house , on behalf of the Jews , and naked wl : o cou ! d interfere with God ' s judgment to ruan , Strike from his hand the bal » nc 9 and the rosJ , Prf judga his justice , be the God of God .

      How sympathetic and patriotic on behalf of God ' a Jews . Why not extend the sympathetic chord to God ' s Christians ? I hope your sympathies will not be encircled by so narrow a creed ; all men are brethren , and if your hearts pant to bursting fcr the Jew , remember , ] Jhcseech ofjjrou , ] ihepoor Samaritan , whose heart is kind . and feelings : se » erou 3 , but poor ¦ in pocket , and cannot , like tho Rothschilds and Barings , boast of his millions , and ci rnrnand the services of great lords and rich commoners . My youth and poverty are objections raucd . by some of roy oppor . eats . Age is not always indicative of wisdom , nor is poverty of disgrace . But with ' all these objec tions against me . 1 will not resign in faveur of Mr Barnard or Admiral Dandas . The . poor Chartist would

      not hold n seat in thessratewithaconfciencesodead to humanity as that of Admiral Dundas , the supporter and advocate of flogging . But who voted tor him f The merchants and slu > pkf > ejers of this lurrush . Who then flogs tbe soldier ? : The drummer . Who order ? the drummer to lay on the las-h ? The colonel . Who aided to grant the power to the colonel ? Admiral Dundaa . And who eave the power ta the Admiral ? The electors of Greenwich , Deptford , and Woolwich . Certainly not unanimously , but by a irajority . And is for Mr Salamon . * , he is a Whig-, ard it would be treachery toliberty—treason tojusticf , to resign my claim in favour of snch a ' politician . I will at " the next election contest this borough against

      all of tliem , stiil willing to give way for n better iaan—but no comproraisr . Remember the Charter is the groundwork of the alruasle—the right of too peopleto'foodand shelterintho landottheiruirtn ; the motto of our banner—' fheveVa goo'a ' tlme cotdlng bo ys—a good timocomiDg ; Aid it all you enn , everj woman ; trf ^' " ? 3 "* ,. , ., . The good tfo ' e coming . ' .. .. ; . I , it 4 ie aid ? rbjhtly siren ; b * e tif * Wpa '" fwv . It ^ 11 be ptron / enoush one d ^« « a lit lo longer . ( Immense and long continued a | l p l « wp . ) ; At Ite coDcte of ' Mr K * address \} Sx Joseph- MQ ^ aAN . oneleetor of the . borough , and tba » SrofIr ; Kyd 4 at ^ : ^ e ! ectu ' ' rcse to Lve the ; following resolution ^ ¦

      iThat ' wV , the ( lectors and non-electors of the borovgb of Green riich , in public meeting , assrmbled , \ tr ' mg heard tbe ' principles beld !> j Mr Samuel Kjdd , » lucidly , el < j < juontly , and forcibly &et forth on this o » d niaey oecaiion * , do hertby pledge miselvts , individually and collectively , to use aery iffort within cur power t

      Colonial Ana ^Roreimi.

      Colonial ana ^ roreimi .

      Untitled Article

      The magistrates of Hereford have decided that bushes are agriculturarproduce within the meaning of tha turnpike sets , and are consequently exempted trom toll when they are not intended for sale . It has been computed . ' that lne land of the globe would be equal to the support ; of fifteen times the number of its present inhabitants , or might sustain a population of fifteen thousand millions ,

      Untitled Article

      The number of beet-roofc sugar manufactories in operation in France , oa the 1 st ultime , waa SOS ; and the qaantitv ef sagar manufactured , or lying ever linw ! astye * ar , waa 39 , 903 , 489 MlogramniM .

      Untitled Article

      I Februvhy 5 , 1848 . „ , - ; --r . ... THE # Ofl . Tt | . ERN STAR . , . . . , . ....,..., .. .. 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 5, 1848, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1456/page/7/