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THE TYRANNICAL MILLOCttATS
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WHAT CAN THE SPECIAL CONSTABLES DO TO HELP TO GAIN THE CHARTER ?
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THE FRENCH REPUBLIC p TTT?rrTPT Tf
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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source of tte polities ! « % gl «! % ff 5 & *« trorkingetases . T ^ * ^ Ethe producers and that fae industrious cUuse * , iw ' . ins ^ entitlfa to gggSKfgff & 2 SffSmtafiedin the document : ham . « Se PeoeU ' s Obsrter . Ican alone enab . a the working d £ S to obtain their legitimate rights , this meetiBg pledges itself fei endeavonr , by eTery lawful means , to cause that document to become the basis of British legislation . ' Seconded by Mr Raddy . tarried . Wm . Lobbee proposed the Petition , seconded by Mr Monarch , sen . Mr Jonn West ( supportedI the Petition , in a speech of two hours , which electrined the audience . The Petition was carried unanimousl .
y Dcufhik —The Btirring events , transacting on thecontineni . throughout the lengta and breadth o which deBpot thrones are banding , and tottering , and fsliinr , befow the blssta of the trumpet oF liberty , Bound ' ins from the Faubnurgs of Pan ? , as the walla of Jericho are fabled to hare fallen before those of the Ilebrew priests , hare had the effect of filling the reEding-rooa of the Working Man ' s Association on each successive eTening with an eager crowd . As yet , the excitement has not produced a public manifestation ; bat from the veil-known patriotism and spirit offcbeDamfriesians , therein little doubt that when thev do mere , like Jock Uowieson and the sheep ' s head , thpy will ' make up for their lost time . ' Tee wifia men of Gotham , who , by the will of Providence ,
and by virtue of the Reform Bill , govern the burgh , are in what , in vulgir but expressive parlance , is termed , ' a funk . ' Somebody had announced a Chartist meeting to them . They immediately set to w \ rk mtaufscturifig special constables by the gross . Ball cartridge was served out to the recruiting parties , and the sappers of the trigonometrical Burrey , and the rural police of this and the neighbouring county , concentrated in the town . These wiseacres do sot seem to know that the people understand the difference between a street-riot and re-TolQtion , and that if the said people were ence up in earnest , all their constabulary and red coats would not stand fir * minuter before them . Speaking of revolution , I mar add , that there seem * s general and
growing feeling among all classes that something is about to happen , althoogh nobody exactly appears to know what ; and those who hare capital , are layisg out as little as possible , than which I do not know anything more likely to hasten the something they fear . Apropos of ' specials , ' the Edinburgh authorities , as I see from a private letter from that metropolis , have Bwora in the students . Loeking to the Efcata of feeling between the youths and lha working classes of the city , there can be but one opinion as to the good taste oi this proceeding ; and when we Eee quiet constitutional mestipp surrounded by an armed force , can their be a single doubt of the accuracy of John Mitchel ' s thesis , that , better than the parliamentary or the aunicipal , is the riSi-francbise ?
Beadpow . — A great public meeting for the Charier was held in the Temperance Hall , Leeds-road , on Friday week , called by the mayor , on the requisition of 120 electors cf the borough , to petition parliament for Universal Suffrage , Annual Parliaments , Tote by Ballot , to abaliBh Property Qualification , to pay members cf Parliameat for their services , and divide the United Kingdom into equal Electoral Di-• visions . The mayor had promised to take the chair , but subsequently sent an apology , press of busines * compeliisg him to be ab-ent . A deputation waited on Mr Foster , merchant , who at once accepted the invitation to preside at the meeting . Long before the time appointed for commencing , the hall , capable of holding 2000 person ? , was crowded to excess , and
Imndreds had to go away , there being no standing room ; all the seats were remoYed , and every gpot whera a foot could be placed was occupied . Mr Fo - ter was received with cheers en being moved to the chair . He declared he waa for Universal Suffrage , but some of the poii ts mentioned in the requisition he had not paid that particular attention to yet ts would ensure convietios of their utility ; he was a man of peace , aBd hoped the conduct of their proceedings at this meeting would disappoint the expectations of many in Bradford ; he would always be found advocating the rights of the people to political power ; he concluded his address amid the plaudit ? of the meetiBg . The chairman oalled on Mr Swan , an elector , to move the first resolution , which was
for Universal Suffrage , as defined by the Charter , and themaver Yery eloquently maintained the right of eTery male adult to the suffrage . The motion was seconded by Mr John Rawaon , a member of the town conneil , who declared the doctrine was not of yesterday's conviction to him , he had been many years ooarinced that tie suffrage was the right of the whole people , and he hoped ere long to see a parliament elected on the principle . Mr John Shaw , of Leeds , supported the resolution in a speech repeatedly interrupted by the cheers of the meeting , and concluded a brilliant address amid the greatest applause .
The motion km adopted without a . sine'edissentient . The seesnd resolution wasmored by John Smyth , seeonded by Mr Cook , and very ably supported by Mr Leghtowler , who gaTe the professors of religion and the state church such a castigation as will long be remembered in Bradford . The petition was proposed by ; Mr Smyth , seconded by Mr Cook , and carried Hnanimonsly . It was proposed that the petition be Bifned by the chairman on behalf of the meeting , and that Colonel Thompson be requested to present it , and Mr BueSeld to support the prayer . A vote of thanks was pissed by acclamation to the chairman , Vfho returned thanks , and the meeting separated .
L ? 5 S . —A public meeting was held on Monday evening , March 20 th . at the Albion Hotel , Broad-Btreet , to petition Parliament for the People ' s Charter . The hall , capable of holding 1 , 000 people , was densely crowded and numbers could not gain admission . Sir Joseph Scotfc wa 3 unanimously called to the chair . James Twaifa moved the first resolution , ¦ which , wag seconded by Mr Church . Thoma 9 Scott then moved the petition , which was seconded by Mr James Dickerson , after which Mr William Diion Bapported the petition in an eloquent speech of one
htur and twenty minates duration . The resolution and the petition were unanimously aereed to , after which Mr Twait 3 moved that a requisition be sent te Lord G . Bentinck and Visceunt Jocelyn , praying them to BapDOrt the prayer of the petition : seconded by Mr J . Diefeereon and unanimously carried . A Tote ef thanks was awarded the chairman , likewise to Mr Dixon . Three hearty cheers were given for Hr O'Connor , three for the Chsrter , and three for the French Republic , after which the meeting separated .
Essex iso Scrpcis huso akd Ceartist Unios , —The branches of the Land Company and Charter Association that intend to join this nnioa for agitating these two counties , are requested to correspond with the eeeretary to the union , Mr . H . S . Clubb , Stout Cottage , Stratford St Mary . Suffolk . The payment is , for each district , not less than 2 s . 6 d . per quarter . Districts requiring agitatien and assistance in the formation ef new branche ? , will receive immediate attention . Friends , resident in
Bach places , are particularly requested to eommnntcate as above . Where rooms eannot be obtained , it is intended to hold open-air meetings during the coming spring . Hetwood . —On Saturday evening , the 18 th ultimo , a public meeting was held in the Angel Meadow . Mr James Leacb , of Manchester , and Mr William Bell , addressed the meeting , which was one of the largest ever heldin this town . Two resolutions were adopted in support of the People ' s Charter and the National Petition .
Bacc ? . —A puHic meeting was held ,, on the 19 th ttltime , ia the Chartist-room , Rochdale-road , for the purpose of adopting the National Petition . Mr Wm . Tsgg was called to the chair . Mr Thomas Tattersall explained the principles of the Charter in a clear and lneid manner . After giving three cheers for the cnairman , three cheers for Mr O'Connor , and three Seers for the French Republic , the meetiBg separated .-Crrr and FnrcBnsr . —March 19 th . —Mr Cater in the eh&ir . Sfeisra Allnntt&nd Feanell reported from the Metropolitan Delegate Committee . Mr AUnutt mored , and Mr E . Nobbs eecended , that £ 1 be sent to the Delegate Committee towards defraying the expense of the demonstration , and that we recommend all the other localities to do the same . — -Carried . Several new members were enrolled , and Be > Teral shares were taken oat for the local hall .
&KTORBRI& 6 E . —On Tuesday week , a large and enthusiastic meeting wa « held here in support of the movements for the Land and the Charter . Mr . dark , of London , and severs ! other friends , addressed- the assemblage ia a highly satisfactory Btrain . Mueh good will result to the cause from this Besting . Dudwt . —On Monday week , two large meetings vere held in this town , to eommesiorate the establishtaent of the French Republic , and in furtherance of the People ' s Charter . Tfeemeetines were ablyad-^ essed by Messrs Coofc , Mason of Birming ham , Lin-Her , Chance , and Mr T . Clark of Laadon .. Barley Mow Locality-, Old Bethkas Greeksrii > . —At a meeting of membera of thiBloeality . it was resolved : — ' That Messrs Service add Crow represent tiiis locality in * ne Astatine Committee of the Tower Hamlets . ' Messrs Jones , Tapp , and Kydd , pere nominated from this locality as delegates to the National Convention . ' ¦
Dgwdee . —Chartism has revived in Dundee } - ' UpttteJs of fifty-two have joined the association at our two last meetings . Acsnnciihas been nominated , and wibmeet every Monday evening , at eight o'clock , * a the Association-raom , Palfar ' s Close , Murrayfate , where subscriptions will be received , and memeri enrolled . iJ ^ f ^ Vicrnf Ckn aniKs—Mr Simpson ( secre-Ti «!; wi *'? ees therecBipt of Ss . Sd . from Mr SrVi \ f ' S ^ aUerfoD , r ° " 'Mis Jones's Fond ; Sr e foi ^ krtson 6 d . for the same fund . The Sf thp'SM u ? : V 7 arner ' late n « mb « In ™ t * shouldlla ^ ^ en Mr W . Harmer . K'te T ^ - ds ] e & mee « n ? , held thelO . h ult , at Oldham , it was resolved - — 'That consequence of Mr O'Connor retiring before the
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collection at the meeting , and the said collection beine a failure , that in future no leader be allowed to speak before the collection . ' * That a new local lecturers' plan be adopted , each locality t » send in returns of the members on their bocks , the time and place of meeting , as also whether there be any competent as lectHrers in their localities ; the said returns to be made within a fortnight ; . ' ' That an offer of cooperation having been made by Mr Doheny , of having Irish delegates in the coming Convention , we require an explanatory am war from the Executive relative to this important matter . ' ' That the secretary and treasurer be paid their expenees to Oldham , and that eur best thanks be given to Mr Pilling , for his
conduct as chairman . . . Mansfield . —A public rseetmg was held ih the Old Meeting-houEe , Scbool-room , SUckwell Gate , on Monday evening , March 20 ta . Mr T . G . Hibbard in the chair . A resolution in favour of the National Petition was moved by Mr J . Elliot , andseconded by Mr J . Shooter . Mr VVm . Linney moved the adoption of the National Petition . The Rev . Wm . Linwoed ably supported it . —Carried unanimously . Maschsher . —Gommittce Rooms , 93 . Great Ancoats-strret . — Brother Chartiet ? , — Having been elected by your representatives assembled on Sunday last , in Manchester , to the high and responsible situation of Observation Committee Men , we enter
upon our duties with a due sense of their importance , and with a resolution not to be shaken until thelobjecfa we have in view are achieved : the political emancipation of the people , and the destruction of inequality . Brethren , whilst we are prepared to do our duties , allow us to remind you your liberty u a pearl too precious to be bought at any other price than that commensurate with its value . To your work , then , men of South Lancashire , and enable ub to perform ours , we dare all and risk all , even life itself , if necessary . This eloud of oppression muBt be dispersed , and the sun of liberty shine again on thie , our native land . James Leacb , ehairman '; Thomas Whittaker , treasurer ; Thomas Rankin , John Nuttall , Edward Clark Cropper , John Grundy , John O'Hea ; Joshua Gutteridge . Secretary .
Exetbr has KfBLT donb its DciT . —On Saturday evening , the ISth inst ., a public meeting was convened for the purpose of adopting the National Petition . At the hour appointed for commencing the meeting , Tuckett * 8 large hall , in Fore-atrcet , was crowded excessively ; during the evening hundreds had to go away , who could not obtain admission—W . J . P . Wilkinsen , Esq ., was called on to preside amidst tremendous cheering . Mr Wilkinson , after thanking his fellew citizens for the honour conferred on him , iaid : Now is the time to strike at the root of corruption . Of the existence of corruption and the prfflieaey of the present government few men Lave a doubt ; the only difference that existed , was , as to the best means of remedy , some were for one , some
for another , but for his part he was firmly resolved to struggle for the bast remedy ever proposed—a remedy which will root out all corruption—the enactment of the People ' s Charter . ( Immense cheering . ) If tkoae parties who style themselves the friends of the working elassss and progression , would but devote the same amount of talent to the advancement of the Charter that they do to some of their miserable crotchet ? , Eoon would the Charter become the law of the land , ( Cheers . ) It mattered notfo the people—whether their rulers were Whip or Tories . Free Tradista or Protectionists—so long as the minority gouerned the majority , so long would misrule have an existence- Were there one in whose heart a spsrk of liberty existed , that did not rejoice
in the late glorious Revolution of France , where they hurled a feoary headed tyrant ^ from his pinnacle of greatness , and sent him to this country for an asylum , because he trampled on their rights and privileges ? The noble people of France have a Re . public . ( Cheers . ) Long may they enjoy it . A Republic for the French , and the Charter for the EnglUh . ( Cheerinr , which continued for some minutes . ) The Charter and the whole Charter should be their watchword . Be felt assured if the people would but persevere in the noble manner in which they had begun , success would crown their efforts . He lamented that the press was not with the people . With few exceptions the journals were the deadliest enemies of the people , hourly misrepresenting the
people ' s movements and objects . Though the acknowledged leader of the working classes of Great Britain —Feargus O'Connor , Eeq —was M . P , for Nottingham—( The cheering and clapping of hands at this moment cannot ba conceived . )—acaree was there one sewHpaper that gave his speeches save the Northehh Star ( Cheers . ( Mr George Augustus Moore , an auctioneer in this city , cried ont— 'Who would repert rubbish ?') The Chairman stated—I have read the Stab weekly fw years , consequently Mr O'Connor ' s letters and speeches , and I have invariably found in them more real and substantial food for the mind , than in the works of all the other political writers of the present or any age . My confidenea in Mr O'Connor is such , that while he pursues the same
Biraightforward course , I shall deem it a highhosour to fit hi the battle of Chartism under his leadership . ( Cheers . ) He then called on the sub-aecretary , Mr O'Bnen , to esplain to the Assembly the principles of the People ' s Charter . Mr O'Brien elucidated ths six points of the Charter , replying satisfactorily to the objections usually madeagainst each , after which he said , these are our righte—we claim them as sucb 7 and are resolved to agitate for them until they are obtained for England , fully convinced that when the people in their majesty demand them , they will be trsp . ted . ( Chrere . ) Mr Robert Webber , an old Chartist , rose to propese the first resolution— ' That class legislation is the source of all the miseries afflicting this country , and that we pledge ourselves to
Etrucsle unceasingly for its annihilation . ' Seconded by Mr Robert Beedel , and carried nnanimouBly , amid cheers . Mr O'Brien , after a few remarks on the on their noble achievements , as well as rejoicing at necessity of union , propased the adoption ef the National Petition . ( Cheers . ) At the conclusion of hiB reading it , the cheering was renewed . Mr Portbury , shoemaker , seconded the motion . Mr Stanlake came forward and said , Mr Chairman and fellaw-citiKns , I am one ef those who are for progression—I do not like the Charter as a whole—( disapprobation )—but I will support it ; because I believe the good it contains is more than the evil ; l would tnueb . rather not have Universal Suffrage in it—( hisses )—but , as it is , I will support it . lam
glad that peace , law , and order , is your motto ; but there [ k the Sanitary 3 ill » The Chairman asked Mr Stanlake if he bad any amendment to make , to which a negative reply was given ; then said the chairman you are out of order , and I cannot hear you unless the meeting direct otherwise . Mr George Augustus Moore said , I rise to move as an amendment that . that five points ba left out —( biases and groans )—but though the Chairman waited for ten minutes , no one in that large assembly , could be found to second it . The proposition was pat and carried , with ona dissentient , the said Mr Moore , who fled oat of the meeting , by a side door . ( The applause was rapturous . }—Mr William Poole , of Collumpton , said , a resolution has been banded to me for proposal , congratulating the people of France one of the first acts of their governments being for the protection of labour he said that had hi 3 hearty concurrence . This resolution was seconded by Mr
JameaKowe , and carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was moved by Mr O'Brien , and seconded by the whole meeting , to Mr Wilkinson , fo ? his noble conduct in taking the eh&ir at such a trying time , and the firm dignified manner in which he had filled that office . Carried unanimously , amidst thunders offapplause . Three cheers for the Charter , and the people ' s champion , Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., M . P ., for Nottingham . Mr Wilkinson , replied the bast thanks he d 63 ired , consisted in the people coming forward , signing the petition , aed lending a helping hana to the grest and good work . Already we have 2 , 000 signatures in this city of parsons , Oar good friend ZEavxll is working like a slave obtaining them . { It was remoured that the authorities were in great fear , having all their available force at hand , ready for actions ; bat ere this they must know the Chartists are preservers , net the disturbers of the peace .
ADDXESg OF THE INHABITANTS O ? BtTESLIT , IH TVBLIC MEETIHO ASUHBItD , TO THE FIEHCH PEOPLE . Buetdeem , —We caa assure you that no erent of the present age has given us more plsainre then yonr recent glorious victory over a crael intriguing kiBj , and his base and unprincipled ministry . Louit Fhilipps , whom your courage raiitd to the throne , and whose head you adorned nith the diadem of France , has for lome seventeea years in the most ungrateful manner triumphed on your rights } violated the solemn pledges he made in 1830 , saddled the nation with amonstrocs debt , orertszed hH people at home , and united with the crowned moHarcht of Europe for the mppression of liberty abroad . He csneldered himself secure , surrounded by his armed mercenaries ; reljine npon the bristling bayonets that es .
circled his throne , he attempted the suppression of public meetings to prevent the possibility of your complaint ! being made known to the world . Not content with en . slaving thebody , he endeavoured to chain the immortal mind of man , But the 22 nd of February davmed upon Franes , whes the grand final attempt of tfce despotio kins was to bo mads to take away the last vestige of freedom ; bnt yon , noble Frenchmen , boldly proclaimed yoar hatred to the King ' s unholy decrees , and made the city resound with tlie cry for reform . The Nattoeal Guards , knowing jour grievances , and participating In yonr spirit , fraternised with yon , and aided ia the eood
work . The straggle continued till the 24 th , and every , where you were victorious . Popular indi gnation having driven the miHistry from the helm of affairs , the King tried to coax you by the formation of a new ministry , but it wa * too late . You proclaimed in thundtr tonEs , Yive Ia Republique , ' which sounded the death knell of tae OrleanB dynasty , —rsstered Republicanism to France , and liberty to yon , her brave and patriotic children . Brethren , in congratulating you on your glorious achievements , we are aware of the probability of a combination of kings to crush the infant republic in its bud , lest by its importaat derelopemeats it should create a desire in the minds of their subjects , in the various
nations of Europe , to destroy bad lnstitutioas and remodel their gavernments npon your glorious motto , ' Liberty , Fraternity , and Equality . ' But fear not , go on in yoar noble career despotism has done its work , discontent
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pervades tbe minds of the masB , and the people shout for Liberty ! And we , as a portion of the people of EngUnd , solemnly pledge ourselves , in public ( meeting eceemblcd , to use eur utmost endeavours to prevent ench interference . Brethren , In conclusion , permit us respectfully to reeommond yoa to watch vigilantly , lest any attempt should bo aaie to encroach upon your glorious prineipUs , and m « r tho good work you have so ably togun . That wisdom may characterise the deliberations of jour councils , so tbat you may be happy at home , and reepsctad abroad , are the ardent hopes of the FeoPtB of Bobnlet . Signed en behalf of the meeting , William Saqsk , Chairman . Halifax . —The . following address was adopted at a late meetins held in the Odd Fellows Hall : —
TO THE niPOBLICANB OF fSAMeB . B 30 THZB Dehoceatb , —Ib watching tbe progress of your efforts te emancipate yourselves from the galling yoke of political bandage , which has baen so long sup . pressing jour aspirations after libwty , we , the Democrats of Halifax , have deeply sympathised with you ; and duriag yeur Btruggle wo have been alternately bstwlxt hope and foar—hope that you would be able to contend aucceMfaUy against tbe lmmtnee physical power which the cunaing of Leuis Philippe had organised with a blind confldenco of securing himself against your efforts for justice—fear lest you should be overcome , and be compelled to shrink back into deeper slavery—thus not only strengthening the power of Louis Philippe , but at th « same time giving to all despotic governments an increased
power to act in a more tyrannical manner in suppressing every effort for the obtaining of political liberty . We are happy to congratulate you upon jour sucaess , which is aUrtbutubto not bo muck to jour ph ysical power , aB to tbe justice of your cause . You are exceedingly fortunate ia having appointed a proTisional ' government , composed of a few of the primest souls of tbe nation , wbose wise counctU bave been so effectual is restoring peace and order . You have adopted the motto— ' Liberty , Fraternity , Equality , ' which has made a deep and lasting impression on the Democrats of this country ; and which we iruat will be adopted by every individual who Is aspiring aftir liberty , aad destroy for ever that principle of ex . pediency which prevents many of our coantrymea from
granting those principles of political liberty svhioh they deem to be right . Tour victory may ba considered as a presage of tho downfall of all tyrannical governments . Wo lost upon it es one of tho most important changes tbat ersr took place , affcesing the liberty of the people of every country . It baa shewn oil governments that the forbearance of people cannot be relied upanpast a certain point ; and , in order to prevent a similar fata befalling G 6 tn , they will be compelled to listen to the claims of t' o people , which they flavo so long slighted . Trusting that yoa will surround your government with such institutions as will tend to promote the physieal aad Intellectual deiolopmsnt of the whole people ; so that the greatest amount of happin » B 8 which tho human family can en joy may bs your portion .
F £ TITION Ot THE WOBKIKQ CLASSES IN LIVEEPOOL . To the Honourable the } Iouse of Commons of Great Britain » nd Ireland , in Parliament assembled , HCMBLY SHEWKTH , That yoar petitioners belong to that portion of gaolety called tho working classes , many thousands of whom are at present out of employ meat , and have not wherewith to procure the necessaries of life ; and your petitioners view with deep regret the disturbances caused by this want of eraplojmsnt . That your petitioners beg to inform your honourable house , that it is the firm conviction of their mind , that excessive taxation is one of the chief causes of tboir distress ; your petitioners know that the working clauses are the producers ef all wealth , and although the minis .
tois tax the class above , that ultimately the class to which your petitioners belong will have to pay tha taxes . We are likewise aware of the dilemma in which her Majesty's ministers have { laced tbemselveo , in declaring their inability to carry on the government of these realms witheut increasing the taxation . In the opinion of joar petitioners , it would be moro consistent with common sense and the interests of humanity , to reduce public expenditure . Your petitioners therefore pray your honourable house to take into your serious and im . mediate consideration , the necessity of reducing tbe Civil List ; your petitioners bting of opinion tbat her Majesty is ia the yearly receipt of mere money than 1 e sufficient to procure for hersilf , her husband , and family , the necessaries of life . Iu support of our petition , jour
petltioaers have to advance , that if fourteen or sixteen shillings per week , which is mere than some of us receive—be sufficient for a hardworking man and his family—out of wbieh he has to pay house rent aud local taxes—that fifty thousand ptr annum is more than sufficient for the family of the greatest monarch on earth , and that the wants of royalty above that of the working claBfieB , are ortlMal , and ought to bs got rid of forthwith . We likewise pray your honourable house to pats laws to prevent the royal children having groDts of the public money while herHxjesty is in tho receipt of more than fifty thousand pouHdo per annum . Alec , to pass a law to prevent Prince Albert , her Majesty's consort , receiving any of the public money , unless ailing some useful situation .
That jour petitioners further pray your honourable house to abolish , immediately , all unmerited pensions and sinecures—to loave the clergy to be paid by all their bearers , and not out of the taxes wruag from t&e sweat of tbe industrious classes . That your petitioners would have your honourable houie to know that they wish to ba at peace with all nations ; that the disputes which may happen between Great Britain and foreign nations , ccnld be adjusted by a few intelligent man from each aation , without the interferense of military or brute force ; tbat they look upon the shedding of human blood with , abhorrence , except in defence of their lives and liberties ; and that in what , ever quarter cf the globs the Creator has placed
manwhatever be his colour or creed—they desire to look upon him as & brother . Tour petitioners being of this opinion , cannot see any other use af a large standing army aad naval foree , than that of providing the younger branches of the aristocracy with posts , places , and pensions , and tho enslaving of tfee people of these realms . Tour petitioaerg are also aware oi . the large amount of money required for the support of a large standing army , and also are of opinion that b y disbanding a num . ber of regiments , and substituting & National Guard , this important item ia the national expenditure would be greatly reduced , and the defensive force of the country rendered more efficient than under the present gvsttm .
Lastly , your petitioners beg to inform your honourable house , that the present state of society leads to vice , crime , and wretchedness in the extreme ; and they urge upon your honourable home to adopt measures to re . move the social evils under which the industrious classes grean : for this end we pray your honourable house , as soon as feasible to pass a law guaranteeing to the people of these realms employment for the unemployed , so as to secure a livelihood , and a voice in the making oi those laws they are called on to obey . The Creator in placing man oathe earth , intended he ehould live ; and as labour is the means , the right of man to labour , and to a voice in making the laws , is implied as a con * sequtnee .
That yoar petitioners aro oi opinion , that by your honourable honte granting their petition , that Her Majesty ' s government would be enabled to reduce the enor . r aous taxation , and improve the moral and social con . dltion of allolasiuB , basides making her Majesty more popular , end her ministers moro respected . Aad your petitioners
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THE UNION . TO THE SDITO * OF THE KOBTHEBH STAB , Deae Bis , —The following extract is from a work en . titled , 'France and England , ' by M . de Larasrtine , member of the Provlilonal Govotnment ef France , and I think it not only ssts forth a great truth , but likewiao shows the opinion of one of the greatest men of the present day , upon the subject of the Union between England and Ireland . The following is tke extract : — 1 If Ireland has sot assimilated to England In the lapse of so many centuries , it is that Ireland is treated not as an equal but as a conquered nation ; that thsre has nevtr been between her and England complete
interchange of advantages , privileges , and produce . Tho people conquered , treated as conquered , have always been disposed to make the most desperato jfforts torecover Ihalf lost Independence ; they have always behaved as slaves towards masters , seeing that they were not less unhappy . The fusion of two p « ople can only be by way of reciprocal benefit ; justice and humanity have done more for this than ever brute force did . ' When ferdgHers speak thus I think It is high time for oil true Repealers to bo up and doing . The monster goes on bravely' hero . We have got some staunch supporters in tbe ladies , several of whom ore taking petition sheets round and getting them numerousl y signed ,
I remain , yours , &e ., Ipswich . i , \ y , < 3 Vl ^ Hi ^^^^ M I SMJip +-S-J ++ S +++
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[ NATIONAL FLAG
10 THE EDITOR OP THS KOMHERN STAB . ' Sib , —Now that q union of the patriots of these three countries is at last happily consummated , a flag emblazoning ths great fact has , in my opinion , become BecesB&ry . Besides , the green flag , At present that of the popular party in England , is the national one of one of the ' high contracting parties . ' A banner , therefore , in which tho colours of the throa nationalities shtfll ba combined , is , in my opinion , much preferable , partleularly as it will ba that fashionable combination , a
tricolour . I therefore propoio tbat henceforth the popular flag shall be composed of parallel stripes of red , blue , and green , in the order in which I" have written them , and in the centre of eaoh compartment , that there shine a silver star . The summit of the star may bear the lomet rouge , or what is perhaps better , a simpla epsar head ; the tassels suspending from which may be oi the same material as the star * . This proposition may appear trifling , I den't think so ; I am Sir , yours , ic ., Dumfries , March 26 th . Sioinidb
[ We fully concur with ' Sicinlun' in thinking his proposition anything but a ' trifling' matter . In ouropinien , a democratic flsg—and that flog a trl-colaur of some soit—iB indispensablfl . Wethink a flag ehould'ba adopted by the Convention , and ( if flags , ic ., are to be carried ) , should be borne conspicuously in the prooessioa of the IOth of April , ]
The Tyrannical Millocttats
THE TYRANNICAL MILLOCttATS
TO THE ID 1 TOB OS THE NOBTHEBK StiB . Sir —I trust jou wiir give publicity to the under . mentioned facts from a regular ^ scrlber to the Stab ™ nce its commencement . Mr Robert Gordon , millwright , Lanoehiro Hill , last week requested all b » El * to meet him at the CarHHMU . to bi . WOT . in as special constables . The result was , thatth . men met at a public house , and unanimously agreed not to w Next day he pretended to single out thele ^ rs and SO . UVX \> UUJ " »! ¦ - ^ monn / lintlirBrS it WB 8 Ata meeting of manufaetarors it was
discharged them . mootedi the swearing In of specials was not for tor of So » la& drawers , but tbe ' d--d ChartietB , aid they were determined to annihilate them . ' I trust , sir , you will notice this act of tyranny and oppreseion . A 9 > the Individuals that he has discharged are depending in a « eat measure on their ; daily avocation , it would only injure themselves and families to publish their names . I am dear sir , yours , With every sentiment of esteem , A Rkqdlab Sobgcbibbb ,
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TREASON ! TO THE EDITOR OF THE KORTHEIW STAB . Sib —I have met with tho following statement so repeated ' ly of late , that I am disposed to think that it contains some truth . Shortly after tha unfortunate—per . haps government planned—riots in Glasgow , tba press 1 b that city announced the formation of a rifle brigade , tbe members of which were to find their own accoutremonte , and appoint their own officers ; and governmsnt , on the other band , was to supply tbe arms . It has been latterly announced that this proposal , if not acceded to , is on the very polntof being so . Nowif this is tbe ease if tho base , bloody , and brutal Whigs , ore about to « rm the lowgto ' wt under their own leaders , not to resist foreign invasien , but to shoot the people , it ought to be
received bj the people as adeclaration of war . Moreover , if it be just and right that the government should arm one class againBt another , it is also right and proper , and entirely Justifiable , In the peopl « , net only to arm themselves , but to invite the people of Fmneo to their aid . For I hold that in such a case the social compact is destroyed , and , as in Ireland , the" masses will bs thrown on the law of self-proservation . NtvortheUie , no time ouuh t to be lost in attempting , as wan successfully done , in 1839 , 1 think , to stop this most un-English system of the liberty-loving Whigs , by the Chartist localities organising and nlae applying for arms , under the samo condltiono that are to be imposed on the Glasgow shopkeepers . Gobth , Dumfries March 24 th .
, _ . . _ [ We heartily agree with 'Gurth . ' Perhaps the delegateB will come prepared with instructions on this moat important subject , ]
What Can The Special Constables Do To Help To Gain The Charter ?
WHAT CAN THE SPECIAL CONSTABLES DO TO HELP TO GAIN THE CHARTER ?
TO JUS IPITOB OF TSS HOBTESBH STAB , Dsab Sib , —The above may appear o very puerile question to some of your reaelors ; nevertheless , It is one wbieh , in my opinion , may be answered to some advantage at the present crisis . No doubt , sir , you have heard of tbe wholesalo manufacture of ' specials , ' which ia now in progress in these districts . An , sir , this is a deep and damnable plot to ctifls the voice of public opinion ' . The Chartist Convt&tion is about to meet , to present the Monster Petition , and consider the beat means of oaualng its prayer , the fervent aspiration of oppressed humanity , to bo carried into effect . Thesteva attitude of labour's starving tolling oon » has alarmed the worshippers of Mammon , who fan sumptuously daily , without labouring ; they , the capitalists , fear tke-power of
tho Convsntton , it allowed to be folly developed by tho energy which would be imparted to it by the numbers aad enthusiasm of the people in simultaneous evening meetings , which , no doubt , will be held in every town and Chartist locality In Britain during He sitting ; < md , In order to destroy this power , the capitalists have hit upon this notable scheme to compel their slaves to commlt political suicide by acting as special constables against themselves t By this' dodge' tho eotton lords , the iron lords , and employers of every kind will , in case of any oucb meetings being held in Manchester or other parts of the manufacturing districts , be able to prevent their werkpeop le from attending , under tbe preteaco that their services , as special conotablto , maj be wanted to proteot property and the publio poaco this will , of
course , destroy the moral influence of tha meetings , through tbs paucity of attendance , in comparison to the population ; tha organs of faction will sing , Oh , be joy . fol , ' aad , concealing the roal facts , will declar * the opinions of tbe labouring claiBoo has undergone & reaction . And , again , sir , under these circumstances , I ask , what can Special Constables do to help to gain the Charter ? There are many asking this question , and 1 hope the Stab will answer It . In my humble opinion , the example o . £ the railway men , whoso resolutions appeared in ' the Siab last Saturdey , is worthy of baing aotcd on ; It might , perhaps , be im £ V 6 VGd : by ihe lafeonring Special * holding meetings among Ummselveo in their workshops , or wherever they may be detained , at the same hour , if possible , and for the same p " urpos « s as the public meetings from which they are kept back .
Let no man ^ say he cannot do this for fear of his em . ployer . ' Nowls the day , and now Is the hour ; ' and the man who is not willing to risk this rouoh , oy , and more , at a time like this , and In a causo like this ! is a slave in his heart , and omnipotence itself could not set suoh a man—a spaniel—free . This , or some Buchltks teBt , I imagine , is imperiously required for the guidance and safely of the delegates in the Convention ; one false step might sacrifice the men and materially damage or retard the « ause of freedom in this sountry . Sir , praying you will give t&o ' Specials' tho benefit of your advice and gr « at eKpsrlanc'e O& Saturday , April 1 st , for ' there ia no timu to spare , ' 1 remain yours in tho cause of Democratic Fratwnity a !\ over the world , Wi Dpdiex Sjiixh , ; ManohceUr .. March . 2 ( 3 ,
The French Republic P Ttt?Rrtpt Tf
THE FRENCH REPUBLIC p TTT ? rrTPT Tf
The head-quarters of tho National Guards ef Paris and its environs are transferred to the Palace of the Tuileries—the Pavilion Marson , which was the residence of the Duchess of Orleans , being appropriated tothat purpose . A grant of 500 , 000 franca ia appropriated to the preservation of the palaces and other public buildings , which formerly formed part of the Lists Civile , but which have now fallen i » to the domain 9 f the Republic , The sura of 250 , 000 franca is placed at the disposal of tho Minister of Public Works , for the construction of a provisional hall for the National Assembly . The hall , which is in the court ef the Chamber of Deputies , has been already commenced ) and is making rapid progress towards completion .
PATRIOTIC WORKING MEK . The journeymen calico-printera of Paria and its environs have presented to the provisional government a sum of 2000 F-, which they had subscribed towards the necessities of the State . The workmen , in many other branches of trade and manufactures , have within the lasfc two days , made donations of a similar nature . The workmen of the Q , uai Jemmapes have placed at the disposal of the provisional government the sum of 200 f . which they had collected amongst themselves , and at the same time signified in warm terms their confidence in the government . ' Among the new journals which the revolution has eiven birth to is one called Voix dks Femmes . [• Voice of tbe Women . T THB MjBCTIOKS .
The Minister of the Interior has addressed a circular to the Government Commissioners in the departments , rolative to certain points affecting the right of voting at the approaching elections . The residence of six months in a commune , required for the right of vote , is to be considered as closing on April 9 , the day of the election , and not on March SI , the last day allowed for inscription ; ia like manner , the age of tweHty-one years required for voting , ia to be considered as having the right to run up to
the v&ry day of April 9 j the gendarmerie are t » be assimilated in their right of voting to soldiers or sailors ; persons confined in prison under the charge of offences , bat not found guilty , are not to be deemed deprived of the , faculty of voting , inasmuch as the law holds them umoeent until found guilty ; but , on the other hand , as they cannot proceed freely to the place of voting , they are to be considered in the same poeition as citisens who from illoesa or other unforeseen causes , cannot attend , and who consequently lose their right for the time being .
THE 0 ERUAH AND POLISH DEMOCRATS . On Thursday an immense body of Germans and Slavonians , being subjects of the Emperor of Austria , but entertaining democratic opinions , met in the Place Vendome , to consider what they were to do in the present circumstances , Some of them brought the yellow and black flag , with the crowned Austrian eagle in the centre , to the place of meeting , but as soon as it was seen by the bulk of the meeting it was saluted with groans and hooting . The flag was wrenched from the hands of the nnlueky person whe carried it , and burnt in the middle of the square , the meeting declaring , amidst great cheorisg , that
they would heneeforth acknowledge no Sag but that of the liberty of Germany , namely , the German tricoloured flag of black , gold , and red . A considerable tumult followed , in consequence of a division of opinion in this respect , a portien of the meeting declaring , thafc the Austrian flag ought to be maintained as a symbol of the union of all the states of whieh the Austrian empire consists ; but ultimately the supporters of the trieoloured flag jarried the day . A great number of the Germans and Austri&ns present intimated their intention of leasing Paris , and directing their steps towards the Austrian frontiers , to assist their countrymen to seconquer their liberties .
A party of twenty-five Polish emigrants left Paris eight days ago , with intention , if possible , of penetiating into Poland , and raising the Btandard of revolt . Their countrymen in Paris are looking with great anxiety to the result of their exertions , of which the recent events in Prussia and Austria render the success much more probable than thej were previously .
POLICE FOKCB . A decree creates a special corpB under the name of 'Guardians of Paris , ' who are to watch over public peace ; national and private property . They are to be in sueb . numbers as shall enable one of them to watch over the safety of from sixty to 100 houses . They aienot to bs armed . Their pay is to be supplied by means of a tax to be laid oh landowners and such tenants as pay above 1 , 000 francs rent .
THS CLUBS . The ultra-Republicans of Paris , not satisfie'i with any of the numerous clubs established in the capital , have formed an association under the name of the Jacobin Club , of which the President is eitiaen-Ililton , who styles himself ex-Colonel of the Volunteers of the Cbarte , a regiment organised after the revolution of 1830 . The President , whp has published a ahort address to the eitizans of Paris , announcing that the first meeting of the elub ia to take place on Thursday , the 23 rd ult ., adds , that nobody need feel alarmed at the name adopted by the Association , inasmuch , as there is now no aristocracy to be suppressed , except that of the bourgeoisie . —Tjmbb correspondent . Twenty-four Clubs of Paris had elected each two delegates , who , with their respective presidents , were to constitute a Central Committee to discuss the merits of the different candidates for the National Assembly . FLASTIKG OF THK SBBH OF LIBBBTT IM THB CHAMP DK
MARS . A great demonstration took plaee on Saturday in the Champs de Mars . Deputations of the working classes ^ ssembled at an early hour from all parts of the metropolis , for the purpose of doing homage to the tree of liberty , on the spot where the same ceremony wa 9 performed in 1790 . The deputations arrived in perfect order , and arranged themselves around the tree of liberty , which had been planted on the previous evening , and blessed by the clergy of the Gros Caillou . From time to time the deputations arrived from all points and through the different avenue ? , and as they passed the tree they saluted the
tree of liberty with loud cheers and cries of Vive la IhpulUque . At one o ' clock a deputation of workmen went to the Minister of the Interior to come and preside at the ceremony , and to inaugurate the tree of liberty worthily . The Minister' immediately complied , and went at once to the Ecole Miiitnire , where he was received by Colonel Allard , the director of the works . He then proceeded fo the foot of the tree of liberty , and after a few words from Colonel Allard , thanking him in the name of the working people for having complied with their request to come among them , M . Ledru-Rollin addressed the assemblage as follows : —
Fellow Citizens—I thank you . In the name of the provisional government for bavin ; ' thought of renewing here a great event , that of tko Federation of 1790 . These thanks I not only address to you in the name of France , bat in tbe name oi Earopo , in the same of the whole world . This theatre of ths Federatioa , the Champ de Mars , recalls the glorious past . France , divided into castes , into aristocracies , into provinces—coming at the call of ths people of Paris to abjure , on the altar of th « ccmatry , ttie ancient hatred * and the resentment of ages , and to form , one single nation—the French nation . ( Applause . ) There i » another recollection , that of the Champ do Mai , where the nation , threatened by foreign invasion—where the Indignant people roBe to defend its nationality . At that period Europe , deceived and Emitting to the will ef its masters , believed that we wished to invade it , and we bad Waterloo To-day we reply to it ( sublime answer ) by sending it liberty .
Our resolution was accomplished in three days , and tha effect of it is such that from is-day & 11 Europe may declare heraelf free . The two banks of the Rhine resound to the cry of arms , tired of an odious yoke . Austria—tbat laud of pleasure , which Mettarnich treated like another Venice—Austria is aroused , and declares her independence . The other countries will follow the example we have given , and the dust of thrones , where royal indoloaee slumbered , will soon bo blown away by the breath of the people . ( Applause . ) We have reason to be proud—I repeat it—for to the defeat of Waterloo we need now only to opposo a cry of liberty and deliver .
ance , Hail to theo , tree ! glorious symbol ef thatde . Iivor&nce and tbat liberty ! Hail to tbeet with joy I foretel it . On the very spot where , sixty years einco , men frateraised in the name of liberty , on this spot we shall soon see assembled around thee deputations from every part of ths world . We are strong to-day , because we rely upon liberty ; because we trust to you , intelligent workmen , who have brought about the rovolutlon , and who wish to see it bear fruit . ( Applause . ) Now , my friends , let us raturn to our labours , and let our blended voices join in the shout which has made the heart of a world vibrate— ' Vive la Republique !'
Cries ef ' Vive la Republique , ' ' Viva [ Ledru-Rollin , ' followed this speech , An invalide , an old soldier of the armies of the Republic , seiK ^ tho hand of the Minister , and pressed it to his hean ,, without beins able to prenonnee a word , so great was his emotion . An officer 6 ? the army also advanced towards ihe Citizen Ledru-Rollin , and with tears ia his eyes and a voice trembling with emotion , expressed the s orrow of the officers and men at befog absent from Paris * He demanded the recall of tho army . Lediu-Rollin replied by an eulogium in honour of the army , and said he should only be satisfied when he beheld the army , the people , and the National Gtmd fraternise at a banquet on the Champ de Mars . Citizen Ledru-Rollin retired , followed by an immense c oncourse shouting ' Vive la Republique !' ViveLedru-Rollin !'
THE TREE OP LIBERTY . On Friday a tree of liberty was planted in front of the Hotel de Ville . The parish priest thus addressed the people : — Citizens , —A double ceremony 4 qually affectiug has assembled us here . Honour to the cituon members of the : Frovisional Govwmneat ; honour &hS > to tQ&t raul-Ut . udev . e . < jUeeted arwud ua , vfh « withwi \ i't& ceremony
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to beconstcraied by religion , under the standard of the august sign of the cross . Jeans Christ , citizens , was the first to proclaim to the world from that cross those noble words which have issued from your lips , and which we see inscribod both on the fronts of our tern , pies and in your hearts—liberty , equality , fraternity liberty , taid Jesus Ghirat , liberty for all . Equality for all conditions aud » H classes of society . Fraternity waa the cry of his gospsl . ' love one another as I have loved you . ' Citizens , I perceive at my feet a yawning grave , that of four magnanimous soldiers who perished gloriously tor ihe conquest of liberty . I - ^ in t , j eBa ^ the same time the tree of liberty , and the ground which , I tru » t , lie * lightly upon them . Let ub preserve their recollection , and all unite in a cry which expresses oar common sentiment *—• Vint laMtpuMlaue >' to be conB « cra 4 od by religion , under the standard of tha
The tree of liberty was then set up erect by the people , the drums beat a salute , and the clergy having bestowed its benediction upon it the cortege reentered the Hotel de Ville amidst cries of Yive la Republique / ' ' Vive la Gouvernemtnt Provkoire ' A Tree of Liberty has been planted at the Luxembourg . On the occasion of the ceremony—Msasrs Albert and Isnis Blanc having been hailed by the workmen aB the 'First Labourers of Franca , ' Louie Blanc answered , as we are told , with visible emotion—• The first labourers of Prance ! Who can without profound feeling , without immense gratitude , hear himself receive so splendid title ? But to believe tbat one merits it , would not that be immeasurable pride ?
' Well , without hesitation , we enrol ourselves in the cumber of the most devoted labourers of France , be * eauso wa have bound ouriolvea by an oath to consecrato all our days , all our hours , to the great labour of enfranchising a people ; but as to the title of 'first'labourers of France , to accept it would be to declare ourselves worthy of an honour which we believe roach beyond our services . 1 A terrible phrase was pronounced fifty years ago- " that the tree of liberty can only flourish when watered by the blood of kings ; ia theso d » js we plant the tree of liberty , but ws do not wish that it should be watered with blood . We permit kings to live—liberty is strong enough te be able to do without their death . Let them live , that will please us as well . Certainly we have net been of those who disavow our first revolution on acconnt of the formidable extremities to which it was redacej , for these extremities wero redeemed , and almost sanctified by prodigious courage , by a devotion without e »«
ample in history . Thanks to heaven , we have less sombre destinies to fulfil . See—scarcely borne by ths popular wave to the admtnistratien of affairs—what hare we not done f Vfe have abolished the penalty oi death in politieal matters , and we have declared to the kings of Europe that wa are content to rest tranquil , with our hands upon the hilts of our swords . That was b « oaase we had the glorious conviction that to give liberty to the empire of the world we had only to pro > claim It . Well , see how this foreboding of our hearts has everywhere realised itself . Without a single sword among us having started from its scabbard , all Europe has found itself irresistibly yielding to our propaganda The cry of ' Vive la RepuWique , ' raised at Paris , has beeu repeated throughout tho world , The spirit of tbe revolution has passed like an irresistible blast on Ger . many , on Italy , and even on England ; ths thrones which were thought the most secure are everywhe destroyed , '
THE POLISH EMIGRATION . The members of the Polish Emigration have ad--dressed a proclamation to the French people , to demand of them arms in the name of the fraternity of nations . GOOD ADVICE , The Republican Society of Passy has addressed 3 letter to the Reforme , calling on the Provisional Government to impose a tax on certain wealthy Frenchmen who are deserting their country at tha moment when they might render good service by a judicious expenditure of their immense fortunes . The National , one of the Provisional Government's principal organs , exhorts the nation to exolude all the Members ef the ex-Chamber of De « puties , and principally return ' , workmen and peasants .
THE AHOH-IHTRIGUBB IN THB WELD . M . Thiera has just" addressed a circular letter to his late constituents of the Bouches-da-Rhone . Af ter reminding tbem of the independence he has displayed and the service he has rendered to France in the last eighteen years , he say : — ' It is quite true that I have not wished for a Republic , for , in my opinion , a constitutional Monarchy sufficed to secure us extensive liberty , and the state of England during the two last centuries seemed to me , for my country , a destiny not to be disdained . Providence has decided otherwise ; I bow io its decrees ; and if I am ready to resist all tyranny I shall never resist the force of things manifested by striking signs . I therefore accept the Republic without reserve , but I shall not disavow any portion of my life . ' He next ; consents to be a member of tbe impending National Assembly , but adds that if declarations , explanations or engagements be expected of him , he will
enter into none
THB ORGANISATION OF LABOUR . M , Louis Blanc hag at length laid before the parliament of ouvriers ever which he presides at the Palace of the Luxembourg , the outline of the system for the organisation of labour which he proposes to lay before the National Assembly . The plan is ea follows : — The gevornment , considering the commercial crisis at present existing , is to take possession , oh its own accou&t , of nil establishments which are aboutHo suspend their Vforks , the present proprietor * pranerving their rights , which are to be converted into bonds bearing in * tercst , secured on tbe establishments , and reimbursable
in money , either by way of annuity or by a sinking fund . The persons employed in these establishments , and o £ which the State is to be the gerant , are to be put on a new footing . ' The workpeople will fonm an association ; they will elect the directors of the wsrks , aad will them , selves fls tho amount of tho wages , or the share tbat labour is entitled to in the profits . The share being determined in a general manner , the collective wages will be distributed among the workmen individually , by tha council of travailUurs , according to propositions opea to discussion , bat which the government commission thinks ought to ba in equal parts . The produce , aftar deduction of wages , Is to be formed into a general fand , to ba dividtd into four parts : —
1 . A quarter fer tha aiaking fund of the capital belonging to the proprietor with whom the State made the bargain . 3 . A quarter for the establishment of & fund , to be set aside for the support of old men , the sick , wounded , & . C . 3 . A quarter to bs divided among the workmen by way of bonus . 4 . A quarter for tho formation of a reserve fund , Besides this , he declares that it will be necessary to unite workshops belonging to the same branch of industry ; to unite all the workshops of different branches of industry , but placed in the same condition ; and to guarantee the interests of the consumer as regards the quality and the lowest possible price of the produce . The following is the termination o £ M . Louis Blanc ' s speech : —
The plan i » , that » conacil of administration should be placed at the head ef ail the ateliers , in wbose bands would bs uaited the gnidancs of all the industries , in the same way that the direction , of each particnlar industry WOUld b « plieed in lh « hands of as engiaeer . * he State would arrive at the re&Us&tloa of this plan by successive measures . No on © ia to have violence done to aim . The State latenda to establish a model , by the side of which the private associations and the present economical system may live . A meeting of workmen , representing the men en > ployed by _ Messrs De ^ sna and Cail , the eminent steam-engine and machine-makers , was held at the Luxembourg on Saturday morning . A long discussion took place on the provisional system to be adopted for the immediate resumption of work . It was resolved that : —
The workmen of llessra Deretne and Cail form amongst themselves an association based on the principle that , if it should happen tbat the mass of the work to fee executed should not be equal to the number of men employed , It should be divided among them in such a manner that none should be deprived of the means of earnins | the } r bread , The worhmea themselves shall deter « mine which of the two following systsms they shall think bast—either an equality in the division of the wages and tbe profits at the same time , or a division of the profits only . The commissary , the commission , and tho engineer , shall lay down the bases of a definitive system tobe adopted on the princi ple that it is of the highest importance that the provisional system , shall be got rid of as soon as possible .
This proposition was siped by the parties interested , and approved of by M . Louis Blanc . At the meeting it was decided that MM . Louis Blanc and Albert should attend the general meeting of tha workmen on the Quai de Billy . They did so , and the former addressed the meeting ) and explained to the men ths advantages of association founded OB the sentiments of fraternity . ABP-BL-KADER . The provisional government lias resolved a letter from Abd-el-Kader , dated the 10 th ult ., from wbiga we extcoct the following passages . He says : —
Citizen Ollivier , yo « r delegate , came to me yesterday , and informed me tbat tho French are now all united for one sole object , and have abolished royalty , In order that France may be governed by a republic . I was rejoiced to bear this , because I bays read in books that such ft state of things is proper for nations , as it destroys injustice and prevents the strong from oppressing the weak , and that consequently all become brothers , Alluding te bis own position , he says : — I demanded of General Lamoriciere to have me
conveyed to Alexandria , in order that I might proceed fromthat place to Mecca and Medina , and for this I asked for hia word as a Frenchman , This he gave me in a letter in Arabic , which he signed in Frsnoh . When this lettsr reached me , and ia tho convlotion that the word of tho French was sacred , I surrendered to him . If he had said , I cannot promise what you ask , I ehonlU not have surrendered . I folt certain that the word of the French was solid , even if given by a private soldier , Things aro now changed , aud this conviction has vanished , 1 supplicate you to do roe justice , an 4
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THE NORTHERN STAR , , Awn - » 18 i & 6 . ,,-n ^^^ ^^^ yi ^ uiiWE *^^^^ ¦¦ ¦¦ - "'' .- " ^ - ^ = ^
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HOW 10 OVERTURN A BAD GOVERNMENT , TO THB ED 1 TOB OF THB NORTHERN STAB . 8 ! B > _ . The most valuable information that one man can impart to another at iho prtaent moment , Is the best and easiest mode of overturning a bad government , I do not like the idea of resorting to arms , the work is barbarous and the issue , I think , in England , would be doubtful ; although I admit the means are justifiable . Butl consider that if the people aro able to gain their liberties with the sword , thsy are able to gain them without the sword ; that is to say by the exertion of their moral and intellectual power alone . Tho working elapses being the mass of the people , and the producers of all wealth , and all other classes , including the government itself , depending upon their exertions for a subsistanco , what would they not do by one unitsil effort ? For instance , if the people throughout EDgland , Ireland , and Scotland , we ' re to refuse to pay any more money to government in the shapo of taxes , what could tho govern . ment do 1 Would its power not be at fan end ? 'Yos , ' you will « ay , ' but will the people refuse to do this t Will thejmiddle and higher classes refuse to pay this money V Let me ask , who enables these classes to pay this money ? Is it not the working " claBS i There then is tae power of the people ; here is that moral power possessed by tho working classes , which . If exerted , is sufficient te para-Use the powers of the most formidable band of plunderers that aver usurped the name of government .
Could the middle and hig her classes pay this income tax , this property tax , this tax for licenees , and all tho other taxes , without the assistance " of the working classes ? Let then the working claeses withdraw this assistance , and this can bs done in tho following manner . Let one resolve be made by the working classes throughout England , Ireland , and Scotland , that they will deal frith no shopkeeper or tradesman of any description who will not pledge himself to pay no more taxes , either on income , for licences , or for anything else ; and that they will live in no house , the owner of which will not pledge himeelf to the flam * determination . And let the following notice be afilxed on some conspicuous part of every such shop and home—* Resolved to pay no more taxes until the People ' s Ghaittr becomes the lnw at the land . '
Then , I say , If the people are united sufficiently to gain their liberties by means of tho sword , they are united sufficiently to gain them by tho means here laid down ; and if the ; are not Bufficle&tlv united to gain them by these latter means , I am greatly afraid that they will fail it they resort to the former . In this very town of Manchester , how many tbonsnndo of pounds go annually to tbe government merely for llocnces for tea , coffee , tobacco , beer , and spirits . Being a llttie shopkeeper myself I pay no less than £ 3 . 10 s . a year for licences for two articles j ttiafc is to « ay , 1 am not allowed to deal in these articles unless I pay this sum to tbe government every year . I leok upon ihe exaction as a downright piece of robbtry , for I never gave my assent to it , nor ever would , for a good government would not require such a thing . And I hereby declare , tbat I am prepared , if others will do tho same , to r « fuse to pay this sum to the government , , and to deal in theso same articles , in spite of anything that the government can do agaiBBt me .
Now what would be the consequence of a gcnaral re . solve liko this throughout the country ? Why tho < ffect would be delightful . We should see all honest men prosper , and all dishonest men become beggars , —the government it a elf would tumble . Those enlightened Bhopkeepers , who pretend that the working classes arc too ignorant to possess the elective franchise , would either have to become honest , or shut op shop . And we should then see how many of these gentry would offer themselves as special constables , to put down hunger with a bludgeon , when it made an effort to get food .
I sincerely recommend this plan to the working daises throughout England , Ireland , and Scotland , for their immediate adoption , I look upon it as sufficient , if properly put in force , to effect every thing that they desire , and by far mnro preferable than the barbarous work of resorting to arms , a plan which I see many aro now recommending both in England and Ireland , and whieh might prove unsuccessful in these countries . With every sentiment of respect , I remain , C . J . Haslah . Manchester , March 28 th , 1818 .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 1, 1848, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1464/page/6/
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