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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st October 1848, Edition 1 of 3, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      ^ SATIONAI . SOXG . YE LABOUEEBS OF BRITAIN . SI DAVID WMQHT . An . . —Ye Mariners of England . Ye Labourers of Britaia , Hew long will ye endure Tbe baaa oppression of the / no Who rob the toiling poor , Come , rail ; for the rights of maa And let the tjraats see , While ye tell oatfae goaf The Pieple mast be free ; Throughout the land , in heart and hand , The petple mast be free . Toar fathers fought for freedom—And' Tell wat good and true , ' Wallace and Washington , they stand Exemplsrijinto joa ; . Then rail ; rooad the good old cams And let the tyrsnti see , While je toil , &c . The eagles o ' er jonr Mountains Are soaring onward , —free ! The tomtits from jour datfc ravinei Are bounding to the sea , While ttnivers&l nature shows True types of Liberty . While ye toil , &o . Lst' Freedom ' . be yonr ' watchword " , And bid the trumpet sonnd , To call the militant , in their might , To freedom's battle ground ; Unfurl your banners once sgain , And let the tyrants ees , While ye toH , &c . Before the lordly tyrant ! Ko longer bend you kneel—The flaunting flag of Liberty Is floating in tbe breeze ; Come rally round your statdud , then , And let the tyrants see , Whilaye ton on the soil The people mast be free , TbroBghont the land , in heart and bend The people must be free ! Aberdeen , October 10 ± , l&S .

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      With these deplorable facts before us , we hail with high satisfaction any work that has for its aim the exposure of ignorance , or the advancement of science , especially if it be an investigation into the errors that are prevalent in medical practice ; for , if any department of human knowled ge should be | more free than another from prejudice , it ought to be that art which is so intimatel y connected with humanity . The profession of medicine , if cultivated , intelligibly , and followed out upon the principles of integrity , would be the most useful amongst mankind ; but , unfortunately , it has not yet arrived at such perfection . Sir William Temple long ago said the love of lucre was the

      most predominant feeling with tbe general herd of practitioners , and this portion of the profession have been always the slaves of those false theories propounded in the schools , whereby the most grievous errors are almost dail y perpetrated . We have constantly an inundation of medical works ; but many of them are published from no other motives than cupidity and ostentation , contributing not one useful idea to the stream of our medical kuowledge . The volume , however , which is at present before us ranks eminently as an exception . It evinces high practical utility , abounds with the most logical deductions , and , withal , has the merit of investigating primary causes , and showing their effects . It embraces a comprehensive view of those various and formidable diseases which proceed from a morbid state of the teeth , and which , ultimately attacking

      the jaws and surrounding parts , involve the unhappy sufferers in great misery , and not unfrequently a premature and lingering death . The object of this work is to prove that , had medical men devoted themselves more to the diseases of the teeth , operations of the most appalling nature would have been unnecessary—in short , had the primary causes been more studied , the knife of the surgeon would have been altogether superseded . The teeth form a most important portion of the animal economy , and it is wonderful , ' considering their complicated structure , and the sympathy and influence which they have over the whole nervous systsm , that the diseases to which they are liable , should have been tiven up to those mechanical , fashionable , and advertising dentists , whose ignorance of medical science is notorious . We wisliW

      limits would have admitted of a more extensive review , of Mr Koecker ' s essay . We may , however , say , that it is written with elegance and perspicuity ; whilst the copious notes of Dr Mitchell are highly illustrative of the varied phenomena which he , with so much ability , discusses . His frank and candid opinions merit the praise of all who feel any interest in the advancement of medicine , or the alleviation of human suffering . In support of the views taken , several medical ' writers of distinction are quoted .

      We may mention , that the late Dr James Saunders , of Edinburgh , in his lectures on the practice of medicine , was most zealous in directing the attention of his pupils to those dangerous affections re suiting from a decayed and rotten state of the teeth , and now that a volnme has appeared exclusively upon the subject , we have no hesitation in saying that both Mr Eoecker and Dr Mitchell have given & prestige to their names , connected with medical science , worthy of the deepest approbation .

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      peace , because the rule itself is opposed to Naturt ' m 3 lP \ tbe Constitution , and the Church ! j _ This has been a strange revolutionary year , lots , insurrecUon , , rebellions , and revolutions , have become as household words ! They have occupied Snif r / ,. ^ legislature , the press , the ft J ' , * ° Olltician 8 Of a 11 g ^ es-nay , every domestic circle has rung the changes on such events . There has been one riot in England , scarcely nohcea , yettbatri 0 twa 8 more pregnant with S SwtT ™ , distwbance within my recol ection . Though unnoticed in Parliament , S LT ^ - ^ Press ' and U ° ^ S by politicians , it is recorded in Hecven-observed by Him who never fa , ls to avenge the wrongs of the JO Or *

      The perusal of the record of that riot forced me to the solemn consideration oi England ' s . curse--the New Poor Law * -induced me to address my countrymen , under the hope that I mi ght convince you of the absolute necessity of obtaining the repeal of that destructive Act . r The riot to which I allude is recorded in the Times of June 19 th , 1848 , the last paragraph in page 7 . I insert it for your perusal , before making further observations thereon . It is as fol-OW 8 : —

      DisiPiBAiicia at N « wich . — On Friday last , abou nine o ' clock in tb « evening , nine men inmates of the workhouae , who had been provlously sent to prison for rafuilug te obey the wotkWse rules , but liberal again , refused ta go to bed without tbelr wives . The governor of » ha workhouse Immediatel y sent for the mayor , whs , with othw magUtrates , went to the workhouse . The pauperB , who made no resistance , were ordered to be conveyed to the gaol , and a body of police took charge of them . The mob , which had assembled on the outside of the workhouse , dircc . l y the paupers and the police appeared , attacked the latter by throw .

      ing stones and botthg at them , and on their re . turn from the gaol renewed the attack . Several thou . s » nda weie colleotfid together , and soae of the police were Injured by the stones . The mayor and the magls . tratesgave orders , in cenBtquence , to dear too sweats which the police tffeoted , after several vigorous charges in which some hard Wowb were dealt . But it was not till nearly one o ' clock that order was completely establiibed . Saveral of ^ the psupers have been condemned to imprisonment and hard labour for different terms , and the others dlncbarg » d oh promising to conform to the workhouse rules .

      That riot deserves more note than I have space for in this letter . There is a saying attributed to high legal authority , Cnrisiianity ' is part and parcel of the law of England . ' Now , Jesus Christ taught his disciples after this fashion- ' They ( man and wife ) are no more twain , but one flesh . What , therefore , God hath joined together , let nomaa put asunder . The Church of England , which is . the Church of Christ , instructs her members thus : — Matrimony was ordained for the mulual society , help and comfort that the one ongiit to have of the other both in prosperity and adversity . To have aad to hold from this day forward , for betttr for worse , for rlohtr for poorer , in sickness and ia baalth , to love and to p heriBh , till death us ( raaa and wif «) , do part , according to God ' s holy ordinance . Those whom God hath joined together , let no man put asunder , I pronounce that they bs man and wife together . That they ma ; so lire together in this life , that iu tbe world to come the / may have life bverlastiag . Let every msH have his own wife , and every woman her own husband .. . , Very important thoughts and questions present themselves . At present I conclude . I . am , fellow-Christians and Churchmen , Yours faithfully , Fulham , Middlesex . Richard Oastler .

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      Pkidb . —A negro boy was driving a mule ia Jamaica , when . the animal audden ' y Hopped , and refused to budge . 'Won ' t go , '' bey , i aid the boy , 'Feel grand , do j 9 U ? I . s ' po 3 eyou forget your fader wasajackaas . ' It is stated that a new Catholic chapol is about to be erected in Liverpool , in moiaory of ihe priests who died in tho time of tbe Irian ferer . Tho Glasgow Citizbn stales that the extensive contract for water pipes for this town , which will amount to about £ 130 , 000 , has been secured by the founders of Glasgow , the oontract having been taken up by four firm ? . MVOllnninii A A Tirah ( a « ImhJ * wi > a 1 i > nff / tii ft IdA . MesmerismAt Tivertonlast ekafter lec

      . — , w » , a - ture on mesmerism had been delivered by a Mr Caparn , upwards of forty individual ? , who had re » ceived relief by means of the lecturer's manipulations , were separately introduced to the meetiDg , and stated the beneficial roBulta which had been realised in their cases in chronic rheumatism ! tic doloreux , palpitation of tha heart , spinal complaints , paralysis , &a . Irish Patriots . —The JolloTving comment fn tha recent State trial was overheard in a public thorough * fare on Wednesday evening : — ' Ah ! Tom , it ' s just like our ' rulorS ; but the lastwiclimwas a much better man than ihis here O'Brien . ' Who waB he V ' Vy a chap as yaa hanged ever so many years ago—his name was Stitohit . ' ' Oh , no ; Hemait , you means ( Emmett ) . ' Ob , ay , —that's it . I knowed it had semethinz to do with sewios . '

      PUin John Bright , M . P . for Manchester , is at Wharfdale Hydropathic Establishment , under : the care of Dr Macleod . We may expect something mild from our honourable Friend in the coming session . A 'Practical' Lbsbgn . —iU tbe MiddlesexEessiong last weeki Madame de Saoz * , a frequent occupant o the dock , waiconvicted ofkeeping * common brotho The prisoner was sentenced to six rrontha' hard labour , and to find sureties , herself in £ 200 , and two sureties of £ 50 each , to be of good behaviour fer five years . \ VA&

      jriuAniiu n Auuuy uiuj jraruo uvii * u-eaD » oi Bruoe HouBe , near Sessay ( a farm the property of Lord Downe , and now in the occupation of Henry Carmichael ) stands a venerable oak , whose circumference at the bottom of the bole iB thirty-two feet ; twelve feet from the ground the circumference is thirty feet . The branches from north to south ex « tend seventy eight feet , and frcm east to west sixty * seven feet . The height nearly fifty feet . The venerable treo is to all appearance , perfectly healthy , with the exception of a few limbs on tbe east , which are dead . There is no doubt whatever that this monarch of the forest is above four hundred yean

      old . An Atrocious Act . —A woman , named Davenport * is in custody at Greenock , charged with Haying thrown a cup-full of vitriol in tba face of a factory manager with whom her daughter had had a quarrel . CnoLtRA Victim } in Egipi —It is calculated that there must have been throughout Egypt , upwards . O 16 . 000 vioticoB to the cholera . ¦ Ccmmekce ah ) THE Slaye Tradk . —Commeroe alone , I . think , can reach Central Africa ; the Negro must be taught the value of his labour . ' Whetfthil happen ? , the slave trade muat of necessity ceaje . — DfKnm ( Medical Times ) . . 'It is said that . harej are liable to contract the small pox which foreign aheap have introduced among the flocks In several district ! in England .

      Rotai Goats In Windsor Park there are nowbe « twera 200 and 300 beantiful milk white goits , all de scended from a pair presented to the Queen , in 1843 , by the Shah of Persia . A gentleman in . Suffolk lately died from the effects of s . bulus ho had taken as a medicine ; It wss proved to contain six hundred drops of laudanum— sufficient to cause the death of six men . A Vicious HoiMJh—Two female ? , named Anna Fau ! kn * r , and A nn 6 'Sharrock , were killed onTuetday week , at MatoHeBter , by a 'hone , which escaped from a stable , through the te . zlieencB of a carter . Tiie animal , TFbic& was wo « h £ 120 , was destroyed the following morning , by tbe direction of the

      owner . . CnotERA . —Thephj » iciansof Smyrna having de « olared the cholera infectious Franks , Greeks , Turks * Jews , and Armenians ! have fled in thousands to the neighbouring villages and Greek islands , and complete silence reigns in the streets of Smyrna . ; Suicidb through Dimress . —A merchant , narjied Swan , has committed suicide in Sunderland ^ having swallowed sulphuric acid while distressed in mind frcm inability to discharge a bill for repairs made to a veasel of which he was part o * ner . A Curious Pistol—A p istol has recently been . re * gistered under the act for the protection of artioles of utility , which is so ingeniously contrived that it primes and loads itself b ; tha most simple and un > erring operation .

      Three thousand three aacdrcd find ninety-moa p&mphlets , songs , and political writings lwe ap « psared in Paris , Binoe the 15 . h of Jim * UsS . Forbios Fbuit . —Upwards of 8 , 250 . packages Of foreign fruit , chiefly plains , have been lately landed at Hull , from tho continental Bteameta . Sisoular Dbath . —A few days ago , a workman , in Exeter , accidentally broke a bottle of turpentine in his trowsers' pocket , an ^ the crnter-ts saturated hia clothes , which , coming in contact with a light , ignited , Tbe fhEe > enveloped his loins , and ascended rapidly towards his head . He was frightfully burnt , and died shortly afterwards . Judge Jones , onca sitting en the bench , inter * rupted the interminably long epesch of a barrister upon a very dry subject , with the Blyinuendo : — 'If you think you will put me to sleep like my three [ earned brethren beside me , you arc mistaken . '

      Fifteen sheep , which lately strayed on the Bridlingtcm and Scarborough Railway , were killed by a passing train , and seven others were injured at the same time . Midblejibn is Ibkiakd . — ' There is © ne claw of landlords , ' savs the Slioo Champion . ' faBt disappear , ing from tho face of the earth , —we nieanthe middle « men . In Sligo they are diddl'd , dish'd , what with poor ratea , tbe failure of the potato crop , their desire for display , and their love of gosd living . ' Dakobh op LrciFER Matches . —A few dajaaso , at Bradfield , two children , a girl atid a boy , set fire to a barn in which they ware playing with lucifer matches , and before assistance could be procured , they were both burnt to death . The building was consumed .

      A RrsiNO of tub Policb . —All the police engaged in oeifliot with the insurgents in Tipperaty and Kilkenny during the ! ata outbreak have been advanced a step in promotion . There has been lately established in Paris an offio for the insurance of the lives of bnrsw , and which is stated is likely to prove a profitable concern . Apropos . —Dnriug a heavy sea , a philosopher an a wit wete travelling in the smco ship . wh ? n the former , who was pale with fear , expressed his con vioiion that thty would all . go to the bottom Whereupon the wit observsd , ' Why that will eu your genius to a tittle ; as for my part , you know , am only for skimming the surface of thin ;? . '

      Determined Suicidb . —The Emancipation O Toulouse relates an exiraosdinary atumpt at suicide . A soldier in the military hospital attempted to , deetroy himself a few daya ago by driving info h ; 3 temple a long nail , using a largo tstotu ) as the hammer . There were . no hopes of saving him . Ibrahim Pacha has shipped on board an EupKsh steamer ; at Altxandrifl , two carxcls , two gu-iff . 'S , two ostriches , two bofMoes , tha finest atiimala of their respective kinde which could ba prcduie 1 in

      Egypt , as a present to iho Surrey Zoological Gardens , London . Pausing Improved . —A parochial teacher who de « lights in calling forth tbe thitking prwerB of his pupils , lately asked a member of one of bis youngest classes to give him an example of a Verb . ' Man , ' replied the boy quite readily . ' How so , my obiid ?' etquired his manter . ' Because , ' added tho little philosopher , ' a Verb espresso * being , doing , or suffer * ing ; a&d if that bo true , man'U fche ' gteatest Vcio I know , for he unites the whole thiee . '

      ShcckuvO Accidesi . — A genikrasn named Farmtr , while out sho ^ tipg on hh estates naar Pershore , resled tho butt of his gun on th <> gionr . d , aud , thssboek causing one of tho hitmau-rs to fall , tho charge entered biljw tho cheek bone , passed dilvctly through the brain , quitting tfce skull at . the apex , and leaving the uniortucato man dead on ' the spot ; CouNTEitPKiT Coins . —A hrp numbEV of counterfeit sovereigns of cxtraor ( Hn . " . ry perfect nunufceture are in circulation in Manchester . Two of the crew of a man-of-war , lyinf : at ? ly « mouth , were tried' last week for theft anil desertion , and . Bontenced to fifty lashes each .

      Willing to Die . — A good deacos , making an offioial visit to a dying neighbour , who was a very churlish and universally unpopular man , put : the usual question— ' Are you willing to go , rcy Friend ?' ' Oh , yes , said the sick man , ' I ara . ' ' Well , ' said the simple minded deacqai . il am glad you &re , forciH the neighbours are willing . Pedsonal REFLKCTioNS . —While tie siearuer Miohigan— ' of ours '—was lying in Dstrciton a late tiip down , a raw-boned hosier entered the cabin , and confronting a large pier gisss , which is framed

      and Bet Eometliiug like a state rjom door , carelessly addressed hia nihettd imace with the itqu'ty' When ' * this boat goin * eout ? ' Piudicg tbe nrswer he leisurely cast his eyes around ths cabin , survuyicg the Bcoommodatiosa , and receiving no response , h hailed ajjaic— 'I say ytou , wheii's this Vre loitgnirj ' eout ? ' He received no response , bni aloud gufftw from theohamberinsid , who wituetsed the Fcene , and indignantly turned en Mb hetlsoliloquiaiag—' sidab'e atuck up , that chap ; needn't been quite so proud , for he didn ' t look as if he war mucb , anyheouw

      !'—Ammean paper . D * l arCIAT 10 N 0 F Mew ? PAPSR PROPiKlY AT SlUF . HBLD . —On Saturday was published tha ksr . uunibsr of the SnitFFiHiD Mercury , nnowH ' paper wh ' ch has for the last forty-three yearB , bsen tha able advocate of Cs naervative principles in Sheffield . - A few weeka ajjo , tho Shbppieid Iris , a Liberal rpapcr * expired in the sixty-first year of Us . age . |

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      A SOSG FOR ST CRISPIN'S DAT . ¦ We hereby direct the following lines to be ' said or sung * at all dinners , suppers , and other festivals of our friendsof'the gentle craft , ' on the 25 thinst . —* St Crispin ' s Day . ' The author , John Greenleaf \ THimEB , the celebrated American poet , was himself once % member of the ' graft , ' The 'Cordwainers ' may be proud of a man w . bo reflects suchhonour on thEir order . '

      THE SHOBHAKER 3 , Bt 3 . O . WHITTIEB . Ho ! worker * of tba old time stjled tbe Gentle Craft of Lsatber < Young brothers of the asdent guild , Stand forth once more together ! Call cst again your long array In tbe olden mtrry manner ; Onca more on gay St Crispin's day Fling out your blazoted banner ! Sap , rap ! upon tbe well-worn stcna How falls tfce polished hammer S « p , rap ! tbe measured sonnd has grown A quick and msrry clamour , Sow shape to « o ! e ; now deftly curl The glossy vamp around it , AaJ bless the while the bright-eje 3 jirl Whose gentle fiaeeisbound it !

      For jou along the Sptnith Main A hundred keels are ploiting : For son the IaflUn oa tha plain His laign . coil is throwing : For joa ds * p glesi with hemlock dark The woodmaa ' i fire is lighting ; For you npoa the oak ' s grey bark The Hoodaa& ' g axe is smiting , For you from Carolina pine The rosin gum is stealing . For you the datk-eyed Florentine Her silken stela is reelfr g :

      For joa the dizi / joathtrd roams His rugged Alpine ledges ; For joa round all ber shepherd homes Bloom England ' * tharoy hedges ! The foremost still by dey or night Oa moated mound or heathtr . Where ' er t& 9 nssd of trampled right Brought toiling men together , Where fte free burghers from the wall Difisi the mail-clad master , Than yours , at Freedom ' s trumpet call , No craftsmen rallied faster !

      Letfoplins sneer let fools deride , Yshetd no Idle scorner , Free hands and hearts are still yoar pride , And duty done , yoar hosoor , Ye dare t » trust for honest fame The jury Time empaaeb , And leave f o Truth each noble name , Which glorifies your annals . Thy songs , Hans Sach , are living yet , In strong and hearty German , AndB ' oomfield ' * lay and Giff . rd ' s wir , And th ' rara good sense of Sherman ; Still from his book , a mystio seer , The sonlof Bsbmra tescbes , And England ' s priestcraft shakes to hear Of Fox ' s leatkern breechss . The Foot is yours : where ' er it falls

      It treads your well wrought leather , On earftea fl *> r , in r aarhls halls , On carpet , or on heather . Still there tke sweetest charm is found Of matron grace or vestal ' s .. As Hebe ' s foet bore nectar round Among the old celestials ! Bap , rap!—yonrstont and bluff brogan , With footsteps riow and weary , May wandar where the sky ' s blue spaa Shuts down upon the Prairie . Ye slippers Shine on Beauty ' s feot } By Saratoga ' s fountain , Or lead , like snow-flakes falling mute , The danse en Catekill mountain !

      The red brick to the mason ' s hand , The brown earth to the tiller's , The shoe in yours shall wealtk command Like fairy Cinderella ' s ! As they who shunned tie household maid , Behold th e crown upoa her , Sa all shall sea your toil repaid - With hearth and horns and honour . Then let the toast be freely quaffed In watee * oool and brimming ; ' All honour to the good old Craft , Its merry mea end women !' Call out again your lose arrar

      In tbe old time ' j pleasant manner : Onca more on gay St Crispin's day Fling oat hi 3 blazoned banner .

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      AN ESSAY ON THE DISEASES OF THE JAWS , AND THEIR TREATMENT . By Leonard Koecker , Surgeon-dentist . New Edition , with copious Notes , and an Appendix , by J . B . Mitchell , M . D ., Surgeon-dentist . London : J . Churchill , Princes-street . It has been very justly observed , that ' Medicine seems to be one of those ill-fated arts whose ad-Tancement bears no proportion to its antiquity '—a Tetardraent which has been set down fo the narrowminded policy of many belonging to a profession that , of all others , should be the most liberal and enlightened . In medicine , as in other sciences , men whose devotion to truth led them to reveal the

      resnlts of their laborious research into the arcana _ ef nature , were , in former ages , doomed to the most cruel persecution ; Galileo was threatened with the flames if he did not publicly renounce , and declare his astronomical discoveries damnable heresies ; Yanini , the philosopher , died at the stake , and the learned Jordanns Bruno , the intimate friend of the generous and high-minded Sir Philip Sidney , perished by the same fate ; whilst Paracelsus was denounced as a madman , asd his writings burnt in the chief towns of Italy , for having called in questiom the prevalent medical doctrines of his day . This talented professor ' s reward for his ardent desire to promote the well-being of his fellow creatures , was the relentless hatred of

      his professional brethren—he died broken-hearted an outcast of society . ^ Innovation upon old systems and unjnst opinions , has always met with the most intolerant aad rancorous abuse , and hence the most noble and g ifted of mankind have been immolated at the shrine of despotic ignorance . Even in the present day , hostility to progressive improvement exists . Jenner , when he first promulgated his g lorious discovery of vaccination , was , like Paracelsus , opposed with the the most bitter malignity ; and , of late , who has not witnessed with indignation the vindictive and vulgar abuse directed against one of the most enli ghtened physicians of modern times , for his adhesion to the principles of mesmerism ? * The poetis , webelieTe , a teetotaller . t In singing , this line atd the one following most be repeated . tP » rtcelsus was the first who In medlclHe introduced Mueof tfcemeUlj .

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      A Logic of Facts : By 6 . J . Holyoake . London : J . Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row . Another of the cheap and excellent educational works for which the young workmen of England are indebted to Mr Holyoake . The author ' s object will be best shown by the following extracts from the 'Proem ' : — Ths Logic of the schools is difficult to maaler , pedantic to apply , and fails to meet half ths cesraon waut . This treatiie Is an unceremonious endeavour to enlarge its province aad abbreviate its details . Tbe Logic of the schools begins with ths management of the premises of an argument , this treatise begins with tbe premises themselves . A thousand errors arise through the at . sumption of premises for one arising in the misplace , sent cf propositions , Tbe Logic oi the schools is an elaborate attack npea the lesser evil . * * *

      No human ingenuity can combine , in one performance , the refinement applauded in tbe universities , and the pedantry cherhhed ia . academies , with tbe practical purpose , popular among those who toil to live and live to toil , Ths populace are my choice—of them I am ene , and , like Lord Grey , am disposed ' to s'and by my order . ' I write for this class both from affection and taste . If I can benefit any , I can them . I knew their difficulties , for I have encountered them—their wants , for they have been mine . # *

      The hints , general rules , and elementary remarks dispersed throughont this work , embrace a vide extent of grosnd , anil though they will be pronounced by some to be irrrgulsr , will yet , I am convinced , be found of practical service to tha naieitiated , and pat them In the right road to higher acquirements , give them a cobfideccs in their own powers , and perhaps inspire them with a lova of these essential studies , and impart a taste for the refinem « nts which lie beyond . Hy hope is that many will be induced to consult scholastic treatises , and acquire that perfect knowledge of theie subjects which makes , the society of educated people so charming . But my otjeot in what is here presented is specific , and I am not without hope that it will win tbe approval of these who know most of the subject . The impulse hce been given to knowledge , and the populace have begua to think for themselves , and both speak and write their , thinkings—and why should they not be enabled to do it free from obvious mistakes , and with a broad propriety comteensurata with the native intelligeace they possess !

      * * * Common sense is tbe substratum of all logic Com . tnon sense ii the natural sense ef mankind . It ii founded on common observation and experience .- It ii mo

      The very name of ' Logic' is distasteful to most untaught persons from its supposed ' dryness ; ' but in the hands of Mr Holyoake the subject is neither dry nor dull . He traces the whole art of reasoning in a manner calculated to win the attention of even the most prejudiced and careless readers . We strongly recommend the ' Logic of Facts / as well calculated to advance the mental enlightenment and moral power of ' the people . '

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      The Family Herald . Part LXV . London : G . Biggs , 421 , Strand . In this part we have a continuation or the 1 Black Cabinet ' s' black revelations . Eugene Sue having re-appeared in the Constitutionnel with his story of The Seven Deadly Sins , ' is again by the help of the translator , brought before the readers oi the Family Herald . In the series of papers on 'the Preservation of Health' we notice two excellent articles on the' Care of the Teeth . ' We quote the fo Howing string of apologies for

      PROCRASTINATIONS . If Firtune , with s smiling face , Strew roses on our way , When shall we stoop to pick them up ? . To-day , nsy love , to day . . ¦ But should she frown , with face . of care , And talk of coming sorrow , W ^ en shall we grieve , if grieve we must ? To-morrow , love , to-morrow . If those who ' ve wronged ai own their faults , And kindly pity pray , When shall we listen and forgive ! To day , my love , to-day . But if stern Justice urge rebukp , An& warmth from memory borrow , When shall we chide , if chide we dare S To-morrow , love , to-morrow . If those to whom we owe a debt Are barm'd unless we pay , When shall we straggle to be just ? To-day , my love , to-day . But if oar debtors sue for grace , On pain of ruin thorough , Wfcen shall we grant the boon tbe ; leek f To-morrow , leve , to-morrow . If Love , estranged , should once agaia Her genial smile display , When shall we kiss her proffcrM lipi t To-day , my love , to-day . But if she would indulge regret , Or dwell with by-gone sorrow , When eiall we weep , if weep we muBt ! Tomorrow , love , to-morrow . For virtuous acts aad harmless Joys , The minutes will not stay , We ' ve always tine to welcome them , Today , my love , todayt Bat care , resentment , angry words , And unavailing sorrow , Come fir too soon , if they appear To-morrow , love , to-morrow . CaiKEi UiCKtXi

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      Publications Received . - Wright ' s History of Ireland , J > art 11 . - ^ Lecture on the People ' s Char . ter , by Samuel Kydd . —Miscellaneous ifathemati . ^ yers qf Oliver B yne .-The Taxpayer ' s Cate . sli ' :

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      Fellow Countrymen . —Where shall we trace the cause or causes of this sad change in England ? It was not always so ! There was a time , I well remember it , when the rich and the poor were , not enemies . Once the aristocracy were the pride of the people . Englishmen were then famed for loyalty—her prisons were not crowded with political offenders . One constable more than served , in those days , to keep the peace in such a town as Leeds , whose prison door was more frequently thrown wide open than closed upon a prisoner ! :

      Why are our different classes now engaged in angry strife ? Why such denunciation of the ariatocracy b y the people ? Why this contempt of lawso much disloyalty ? Wearetoldby Royal lips , and I believe the Royal word , ' the interests of those classes are the same . ' Then , why , I ask , such strife , haired , contempt , envy , and revenge ? There may be many causes for this melancholy change—one , I am sure , may be discovered in that ignorance ' deplored by his Royal Highness Prince Albert—ignorance on the part of those statesmen wh 3 have changed the spirit of our laws , under the pretence of reformin g our institutions . It would be tedious to name many instances—I will , at present confine myself to one .

      The 43 rd of Elizabeth secured to all-no matter of what class—the ri ght of life and liberty—of social and domestic security . Our homes , however humble , were as secure against the rod of the oppressor as the royal palace . The domestic circle of the cottage was then as much protected as the Royal Family—its matrimonial bed as sacred-its parish church as sure . There was then a cord of sympath y horn class to class—the parson , the justice—the ratepayers themselves relieved the poor—not niggardly—they shared with them of the best .

      That cord , which bound society together in love and peace , was snapped by 'ignorant' men , who fancied that a total separation from all other classes would be a blessing , a boon , ' to the poor!—who thought that every other' class' would be enriched by transferring ' the management of the poor' to stranger hirelings , sitting in the metropolis , ithus avoiding the danger of such unpopularity as their oppression mi ght ensure !— -who pretended , also , that banishment from the protection of the Cpnstitution , and casting them' on their own resources ' would enrich the paupers ! It is not possible , under such a change , the people should remain the same . The friends of the constitution warned the innovators ; their warnings were unheeded , but the sad result has proved them just ,

      It was all in vain to contend against those ' ignorant' men , self-styled ' philosophers . ' The Word of God , the law of Nature , the books of the Constitution and the Church , the wisest living legal and clerical authorities , were all treated with contempt . The' philosophers' were as resolute as ' ignorant . ' They made the great anarchial experiment—we now reap its bitter fruit . The different ' classes' are severed , because their ' interests' seem to be no longer' the same . '

      The great officers at the head of the monster establishment have been hurled from power , they have been succeeded by one whose very nature recoils at the stern duties of his office . Still , the inhuman statute is in operation , dividing the classes' whose interest' should be ' the same , ' separating families , undermining all constitutional law , setting at nought the most sacred injunctions of the Chnrch , ' and breaking the positive law of God !

      The sheet anchor of the internal peace of England was the parochial system—it was the cradle of our loyalty and patriotism ; centralisation has removed that bulwark of the throne which is now defended by bristling bayonets and armies of police . By the Nftw Poor Law the poor have been wickedly persecuted . By reason of the multitude of the oppressions , the oppressed have been made to cry—they cry out by reason of the arm of the mighty . God regards the prayer of the destitute , and enters into judgment with the ancients of the people , who have eaten of the spoil of the poor . No marvel that we are troubled on every side , no wonder that society is deranged , and that our cleverest statesmen are at their wit's end .

      Say what we will , do what we can , English society will never be restored to peace under the operation of centralisation , and the God-despising , man-destroying New Poor Law . Being an Englishman I blush to call that accursed statute—law . Law is inalienably wedded to truth and justice ; whereas that abominable Act was framed in falsehood and passed by fraud . 1 Ignorant , ' unjust , and cruel as were its projectors , . , . '

      and supporters , they dared not incorporate therein the separation of roan and wife . No ; had that been stated in the Bill , its defeat would have been secured . Instead thereof , Parliament itself was insulted ; a power which the Legislature bad no authority to delegate was vested in three men ( to be chosen by the Ministers of the Crown ) to make 1 rules , ' which , being sanctioned by a Secretary of State , should ( so says the Act ) have all the power of Acts of Parliament ! This monstrous

      encroachment on our liberties and their prerogative absolutel y received the sanction of the Legislature ! The late Earl of Eldon assured me the Constitution invested the Legislature with no such power ! How can loyalty be expected ' among the people , when the legislators themselves are traitors to the Constitution ? Englishmen acquainted , with ' their constitutional rights cannot yield allegiance to unconstitutional enactments . ' The three' men without hearts , ' who were named by the Ministers , had the hardihood to do tha !

      which Parliament dared not to attempt . In spite of the strongest impulses of nature—the ¦ most solemn injunctions of the Church , and the positive command of Almighty God—those three persons made a' rule' ( which is now said to have all the authority of an Act of Parliament in this so called Christian country ) , that , poor ' men should be separated froin their wives j that , for the crime of poverty , the homes of the poor should be destroyed ; that , in . the ' union house , ' the most sacred union ' should be dissolved .

      The poor have thus lost their most cherished and sacred rights!—the rich retain them ! ; . Englishmen ! I appeal to your judgment as well as your hearts . Is it possible to have respect for such enactments ? Is it not natural that , under such ' laws , ' the poor should be disaffected—that class should strive against class ? Prince Albert cannot fail to recognise , in the authors and supporters of such a' law , ' the ' ignorance' of which his Eoyal Highness complains .

      Why am I led into this train of thought ? I have a reason . I will . give it to you . I wish to rivet your attention . on that one point in our social—or , rather , anti-social , system , the separation of poor men from their wives , not by the authority of law ( that were impossible ) , but by a ' rule' made by three men , sanctioned by a fourth , which is said to have all the force of an Act of Parliament ! I would endeavour to convince you that , under the enforcement of that * rule / it is unnatural to expect social

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      JOSEPH VON JELLACHICH , BAN OF . CROATIA . A Bhort sketch of the Ban , who has ' acquired so sudden a cslebrity , will be read with interest . I have had occasion ( saya the writer from whom we borrow this deicription ) often to eonverae with Jellachich . He is a man of the middle height , of a powerful arid firmly knit frame ] , forty-nine years of age , in his youth of a delicate constitution , but now enjojiug excellent health . His head is bald at the top , but encircled with a fringe of jet black hair ; he has a high forehead , bushy eyebrows , a mild clear dark eye , an aquiline nose a finely chiselled mouth , with an ex nyftn . MAH / . f nuAnk Jaai . iam j > f kL > u « . l . .. IT 1 ¦¦

      a shower of balls ! The secret of his itfljence over the Croats ia that he is a Cioat , and proud to be one , and all his energies are turned towards one objectto procure for his nation that position in Hungary which they claim . He speaks the dialect of the people ; 'It is the language of my beloved mother , ( ho said to me one day ) , and I am proud that I can speak it . ' Their Ban and their general , he converses with his Croats , and tells them things tney had never dreamt of—visions of honour and glory . It is no wonder that when he appears every eye is turned upon him—ihat they listen , open-mouthed , to what he says , and that they are read ; to follow him to Buda , PeBth ; Vienna , or Milay ! When they see him Lhey shout their enthusiastic * 7 iwV ( let him live !) and will follow him any where . —{ This Utter was written on the 20 th of Sept . last . J

      impresaion upon . the observer of a man of a mild but determined character ,-fully confident of his own powers . He ha 3 not one particle of pride about him , aui one would scarcely look upon him as the leader of a wild race or a man of high ambition . Hia voice is soft ; his education 13 entirely'German ; he speaks German as if it was hia native tongue and with the Austrian aocent ; he is a great admirer of the German language and literature , but his Sclavonic nationality scores tbe German arrogance ahioh disdains anything Solave ; he speaks the Hungarian , Croatian , and Italian languages equally well ; he is unmarried , does not possess ; and does not csro for , riohes , but iB devoted . to hia natioD . It was only last year that he was colonel of a Granze , or frontier regiment , which was annihilated ia an expedition on the Turkish frontier—he himself escaping a ! mo 3 t miraculously in

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      AN EPISODE OF THE REAC TION OF 1315 , The following acoount of a judicial assassination committed by the tribunal of Ni * m € B , is translated from the Dsmooratie Pacifique of October 2 nd : — The Dake of AngouLme upon thB alarm camed by the escape of Napoleon from Elba , prooeeded to the South of Franoo , and made an appeal to tha youth of Nlsmes to Induoe them to march aga ' nat the usurper—the ' Cor . a ' can Ogre . ' They commenced thoir march to the cry of Death to tho BonaparttatB , ' on tVio next day . and when they had scarcely crossed the bridge ot the Hol y Ghost leading from tbe tewD , eome Gendarmes suddenl y ma 4 e their sppaarance . The unexpected Bight of these men throw such a fdght amongst this army of heroes that lhey precipitately flsd , ana the bridge being long and narrow , tha iaost ludicrous scone of disorder was wit . neised that you could well imagine .

      In the precipitate flight of these royal volunteers sorae were preisod under the feet of others ; same threw ttum . seiveB into the Rhine , In order to escape the blows with thoflatof their sabres , which the Gendarmss conientod themselves with applying to the backs of the runaways , the rest Baved themselves by fljing across tke fields . Their General lelng well mountrd , disappeared' like ft flash of lightning , without troubling himself as to tho fate of hit nrmy . Our ifignelets { the nann by whioh thoso royal yolun tosrs wero called ) after a flight of some hagufs , findlag > hat theywero not pursued , halted nud milted , not to fly to the combat and avenge thoir dtfeat , but for tho

      purpose of returning to the protection of thoir patotn ' alroofs Overcome wi'h hnngor and fatigue , they resolv . d to enter tho first hamlet which they could fiud-for th ? purpose of obtaining refreshment , either ' morally 01 physically . ' They entsrod the vlllaiO of Arpniilarque , inhabited by ¦ p ' eraoha profesBing the Protestant faith , ll ^ ro they com . mittod all kinds of excesses , tiil at length their brutality exaBp ' c rated the peaceable inhabitants to suoh a degree as ¦ to cause them to arm themselves with scythes , forks , and guns , and ordpr thei pillagers to immediatel y quit their village ; upon their positively refusing , they attacked them , whtn tbe Mhjnclcls again tan away , leaving some of their party dead upon tho ground . . >¦'

      ' The hundred days' was ended , and the Bourbons " mounted the worm-eaten throno , tbe authorities of "ismes in their legitimate zeal , hastened to arrest tbe Principal inhabitants of Arpaillarque , and acoused them of assassinating the defenders of the throne and ( he altar . Nino men and two women wero taken to the prison of Nisrae ? , and in a short time their blood flowed upon the scaffold . " Such ' was the jititice and humanity of the royalists of ttie department of Gard . Gotl guard us from these honest men . By an Eys Witnbsb at Nismbs .

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      Economical Emigration—Mr P . L . Simmonds the well-known editor of the Colonial'Maqazine , and proprietor of the Colonial Reading-rc-un and General Establishment for Colonial information , in Barge-yard , Bucklersbury , London , suggests to all parishes , poor-law unions , and county boards , that advantageous purchases of land may be madqin the Australian Colonies , by depositing sums of £ 100 eacd with-tha Emigration Commissioners , for which they will obtain free passages oat for five adults , as woll as a land certificate of the payment of £ 100 , for whioh a remission or free grant of land , to the extent of 100 acres , will be allowed in the purchase of land . So that if the parish or other public board sends out its eertifioates to an accredited agent , he will select , rurohnse , subdivide , and resell the'land to applicants in lots of 10 or 20 aoios , whioh they cannot get from the government , and bo thelirat cost would be Bare to be re-paid , The whole expense of BuiYey , sale , &j , would not woeed la , per acre .

      = ^ == G=Ssssg!Ggaffl3 Wmtttis.

      = ^ == g = ssssg ! ggaffl 3 Wmtttis .

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      PAMPHLETS . 1- —Who ttqps the way ? A Letter to the Chartists . By a Chartist . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage . 2 . —The cry of the Widowed Wife at the close of the Chartist Trials considered in a Letter , Sfc . London : A Dyson , 231 , Shoreditch . 3 . — A Plan for the Abolition of the Law of Settlement , 6 ? c , By W . B . West . London : J . Rogerson , 24 , Norfolk-street , Strand . 4 . —An Extensive System of Emigration considered , By C . Shaw . London : E . Wilson , Koyal Exchange . 5 . —The Case of the Journeymen Bakers . By W . A . Guy , M . D . London : H . Kenshaw , 356 , Strand-6 . —^ brief History of the Bread Baking Trade , &c . By George Read . London : G . Briggs , 421 , Strand .

      ^ A poor miserable thing is the pretended ' Chartist ' author of the pamphlet , we have marked No . 1 . God save the Chartists from sucb ' friends' as this Publius' ( for such is the signature attached to the precious production ) , who has devoted sixteen octavo pages to a reproduction of the calumnies of ths enemies of Chartism , mixed up with laudations of the Leaguers , commendations of Lord John Russell , praise of such blessed journals as the London Examiner , stabbings at Cuffey and Pussell , and denunciations of the anarchists in our ranks . ' Poor devil ! Happily his power to do mischief is not equal to his will ; the spirit is willing but the brain is weak . ' His silliness neutralises his enmity . 2 , —This pamphlet is in the shape of a' Letter ' addressed to the electors of Great Britain and Ireland . The author takes for his text the following : - While the dock was being eleared , a pleroing tbrlek burat forth from a remote corner of the court , which was understood to proceed from the wife of one of the priioneM . — Vidt 'Times , ' Sefl . 3 rd , 1848 . On this text the author of the pamphlet has written half-a-dozen pages of truth and eloquencewhich , however unheeded by the class to whom he addresses himself , cannot fail to move the hearts , and call forth the thanks of the sons and daughters of Labour . Truly , does he say that the unhappy meu condemned at the Old Bailey , had been' treated as outcasts by society , ' and , therefore , ' saw in rebellion against society , a sacred right , if not a duty . ' We quote a few of his words : —

      TO THE TXECTOBJ . Forget not this woman ' s oxy , ye who undertake to go . vern society , who fal sely declare , We are toeiely—we have the intelligence and the virtue which fit men te govern and guide in a nation ; the rest » f men are not fit to share the rights of citterns , because they have not that intelligence and that virtue , and because they are peor . ' Alail the condition of humanity In this fair and once ' merrle England , ' affords but paorprobf 0 ! virtaom , honeBt , or intelligent government . Straag ) sounds , I tell you , are heard in every corner of the land —not merely that frightful shriek of agony in the Old Biil . y , but other cries , mingled with poor men ' s curaea —are feeing uttered in the squalid home ef the uncartd for , perishing labourer ; and there are men isto whose souls' these sounds have penetrated , and they swear to rest not until some remedy , BOma amelioration iB at . tempted . I tell you , electors and privileged law . msk rs , yoa stacd before tbe world , not guiltless of this woman ' * cryofm ' , eery , nor of tha ; thousand other orkaef misery which resound throughout England , to say nothing of what ie heard ia that still more dismal icene on the ofter side of St George ' s Caannel . I tell you , that y » u are the Criminals ; history will record it of you , that never in any period of the werld ' i existence wag a nation governed with a greater amount of cant , frtnd , and cruelty ; ntver was there a time when human rights were demanded more falrlj , or mote intelligently , by tie multitude ! , than at this moment ; never wm there leas maon to deny those rights ; never waa there a t ' me when the privileged few had greater cause to resign the ' . r bssumed dominion / Fer , I say again , your rule In been dbtinguished neither by superior intelligence nor superior virtue . * * *

      I have appealed to ^ your sense of jdetice , rather than to your fearf , because this woman ' s abrlekbas cut me to the ieul , and made me a sadder man ; but there maybe , others in whsee bosoms it will engender a different feel-. jiag . Do not suppoBe you hats far ever put flown rebellion . The government have rather ehown how alermed they are ; and , depend on it , plots will abound , and con . piracies increase , whilst a elave class remains and increases in society . We trust for . their own sakes that the working men will abstain irom' plots and conspiracies . ' But as long as a slave-class continues there will be war of some kind or other between the oppressed and the oppressors . As long as the pressnt system endures we will never join in the canting cry-of' peace , law , and order . ' Law ? there will be plenty of , but ' order' there cannot be , and' peace '—that is the peace of contented slavery , or the peace of despairthere ought not to be . We thank the author of this pamphlet for his timely and ably written ' letter *' which we cordially recommend to our friends .

      3 . —Mr West proposes : — That ell laws relating to English settlement he abolished , and a general enactment be established , by which the incapable , the lame , the blind , and the haltincluding every other class of destitute persons—msy be enabled to obtain relief whenever and wherever they may need it . * With the exception of the law of settlement Mr West would leave . the Poor Law system as it at present exists . The monstrous evils and cruelties occasioned by the present law of settlement call loudly for a change ; and the principle of Mr West ' scheme we cordially , approve of . We are , however , anxious for a much more sweeping reform—a reform which shall cause the employment of the poorrates for the extinction of pauperism . The three requisites for that reform—land , labour , and money —are at the disposal of any government possessing sense and honesty . But such a government we shall never have as long as England is governed by the Russells and the Peels—or , perhaps , we should rather say-by the million knaves and fools who constitute' the worthy and independent electors' (!) of Great Britain and Ireland .

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      4 . —We have a great horror of' philanthrop ists , ' as from experience we have found that tribe composed almost without exception of desi gning knaves or twaddling fools . We admit the possibility of' exceptions , ' and to such may belong the ' philanthropic' author of this ' pamphlet . He draws a frightful and too true pictuie of the condition of the masses of this country ; but bis ' remedy'is' an extensive system of emigration . ' ' It is estimated ' says tbe author of this pamphlet , ' that there are fifteen millions of persons in idleness and want ' in Great Britain and Ireland * Will Mr Shaw pretend that any system of emigration can remove this vast number of human beings to the antipodes ? Suppose that number removed , We system under which that fifteen millions have been pauperised , continuing in existence , would not fail to pauperise the ever . increasing population—increasing as we are assured by the political economists at the rate of' a thousand a day . ' Again , the emigrants transported to antipodean regions and savage shores , would be placed under a system which—if not overthrown b y reform or revolution)— will at no distant day reproduce in America and Australia the evils and horrors which at present make England a hell . But this pamphlet is , in fact , put out as an advertising puff of one of tbe numerous Emigration Societies that are at present engaged in throwing nets for gudgeons . If our friends will emigrate , let them emigrate to America where at least political freedom exists , and where they will oot have to support the greedy aristocrats of rank and money , who , not content with robbing England ' s soil from the great mass of England ' s sons , have also laid their unholy , claws upon the lands of the colonies . If men will ; leave England let them go to that Republic which we believe to be destined-to bring down the pride and power of the pauper-creating masters of this island —unless , indeed , the English workmen anticipate the Americans ; in which case emigration will not be needed , unless it be the emigration of idlers and plunderers .

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      5 . —This pamphlet * is the report of a lecture on the evils of night work and long hours of labour ^ delivered at the Mechanic ' s Institution , Southamptonbuildmgs , Lord Ashley in tbe chair . The lecturer , MrW . A . Guy , is Physician to the King ' s College Hospital , &c . His discourse is a masterly exposure uf the sufferings of the Journeymen Bakers—sufferings which , when generally known , cannot fail to create that' public opinion' which will insist upon the emancipation of this terribly oppressed class of working men . Were we inclined to be critical , we might find fault with oertain notions of the lecturer on the question of Labour and Capital , which certainly do him no credit ; but we are content to recommend this pamphlet as , on the whole , well calculated to serve the cause of a body of our fellow countrymen for whom we feel sincere sympathy . We shall try to find room , as soon as possible , for a lengthier notice , and fuller consideration of the frightfuUevelations con-* tained in this pamphlet .

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      k—Thisis a very interesting account of the bread baking trade from the earliest period to the present time . After noticing the state of the art of bread making amongst the ancient Egyptians , Greeks , Jews , and Phoenicians , and the curious institution of the ' Bakers' College' in ancient Rome , Mr Read notes the state of the art amongst our ancestors ; and from them descending to King John , gives . a sketch of the trade from the reign of that monarch to the present time . The old acts of Parliament fixing the pvics it bread , &c ., quoted from b y Mr Read , are exceedingly interesting . One fact is worthy of notice , in the year 1687 tbe weekly wages of husbandry labour would supply the ' labourer with twenty-four quartern loaves ; the wages of husbandry labour now would supply the labourer with not half that number of four p'Aindloaves , each of which loaves is 5 oz . 8 dr . less than the old ' quartern !' A variety of information as to the present state of the bread-baking trade , of considerable interest to the pullie generally , will be found in this pamphlet j winch reflects great credit on the industry , ability , ynd public spirit of its author .

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      October 21 , 1 S 48 . , THE . ffORTHEftff STAftv

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      TO THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND . Depend upon it , . tho interes ts of thoao classes whioh are so often contrasted are the game , ' and It U only igaorftfice that , preven t * them from uniting for each other * advantage . To remove that Ignorance , and to show how man can htlp roan , ought to be the ' aim of every phllanthropio peraon . "—His Royal Hiqiinhb Pbirce Aibebt . —

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 21, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1493/page/3/