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Northern Star (1837-1852), 13th January 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 4

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    • THE NORTHERN STAR, 8ATURDAY. JANUARY 13,1849
    • TUE MINERS' UNION.
    • 1 EDUCATION UPON INCLUSIVE TERMS, if A Ladv conducting a first-class school near
    • Sow Ready, a New Edition of MR. O'OONKGR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS,
  • Adverts (16)
  • Text (15)
  • Transcript

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      Untitled Ad

      london ban now one or two vac&ncieg . Tiesjv . em purreed in this Establishment is calculate * te-ensure a solid , a * well as an accomplished tducation , awaaoy } ear « e xperience , and a careful examination of . the mo » t lm . proved nietho 4 e of instruction , hate enabled tbs Principal to f elect and combiac in her plan of -education those advantages \ rt . ieh ar « best calculated to secure to Her pupils tUebigheFt degree of intellectual , moral , and religious improvement The iam of fifty guineas a year win include instruction bv professors in the fcllorainz accom-Style ? , dancing writing , ic , and the use « ! the globes , fcvctfcer - - itb books , 1 * - T > dre ! s , &c . French «« _ «« - man governesses reside in the hou < e , ana ? % ***] " Tanta-e * arc ara . lable for the acquirement ot . the * , laagHapes , which are constantly spoken byihe . pupiU . The ! feKss , s .-3 g _ rsES Letters « iin real name and address aleae . mu v tended to . Direct to C . A ., Mr Evans ' s , < 31 o Town , oiap bam , Surrey . -

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      On the Third Saturday ™ IMS ( January 20 th ) , wiU be published . No . 1 of T »'_ U _ ± . W £ - «« - Edited hy Thomas Cooper , _«(**¦ of ' n * Purgatorf of Swcufcs . ' _ u , . '' . f tua Bhole people-4 he fiscal and TfcepoHtii ^ lnghis oftta » iioi V = P proauce -rfce . industrial Br fnr the * -d- ^ iil be tLe ^ u ^ ects of tt . rby . tne £ "" _^« d ?_ teUi « e _ t meuB Obtain . Setn ^ nKSsing Uie other , will De . proposedin Hoiher English , so tliat be who bckb H _ y kab . ' So . 1 will contain a Letter to Richard Cobden . M . P ., and tfee if pewli which the Queen ought to deJ «« at tu « opening of Pariiament .-BbUi by the Editoe . Published by E . Stmm ., 2 1 , Paternoster-row , and all Bo-ksellers .

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      LITERARY IKSTITUTION . JOBS STREET , FITZROY SQUARE . SUBJECTS OF FOUR ORATIONS to he delivered by T . HOHIS Coopeb , yitnor of ' Tub Juratory of Suicides , ' On Tuesday Evenings , during Jaau ay , J 819 , in aid oftte sSiiwal Tie ™ Fcsd , for which purpose Mr Cornier presents his cra'uitgus gemees . __ ro £ -lk « W «* Character of Thojcas 16 tb .-l * e ! WritmgS , _ -d Character of Wiixia * 2 » ra — Tne _ ngi « i Commonweilth : Spirit of its Founded and the cause , of tlieir struggle : lawless despotism of Charles I .: death of the patriot EU « t , iu the Tower : Clmlert last Parliament : opeu ^ aarr el with it : the King erects his standard at Jfdttin feain : Battles of Edaehul-aad Chalgrave-field aflu death of Hampden : baHles of Marston Moor and Kaseby-tieldi the King a prisoner , and preparation for his Trial . SOth .-rBeing the bi-centenary of King Charles the Wtir'J Trial and execution of Chwles I .: Government by tho Cuuncil of State : Cromwell in Ireland ; hisrictories « fDunbarand Worcester : Protectorate and char acter of Outer Crohweil . .. - To commence at sight o ' clock precisely . Admission , Ball 2 d , Gallery 3 d .

      Untitled Ad

      KO MORE PILLS , nor any other Meaicine , for Imdiges . tion Irregularity of the Intestines , Flatuiency , Palpitatio ' nofthe Heart , Torpidity of th « Liver , P ««? V . K Headscbes , N « rvous * ess , Biliousness , Cemeral Debility . Despondency , Spleen , * c . Price « d , or Sd post-free : ; royal , gut . 2 i ; or free by p « st , &s 6 d ( m stamps ) , Fifth Edition of DU BARRY'S POPULAR TEEATISE ON INDUESTIOJT and CONSTIPATION ; the main cau « es of Nerrousness , Eilioomess , Scrofula , Liver Cora-Blaiate kuleen , &c , and their Radical Removal , entitled the Natural Regenerator of the Digestive Organs ,, witliontpiUs , purgatives , or medicines of any kind , by a simple , pleasant , economical , and infallible means ; adapted to the general reader . Du Barry and Ce ., 75 , Sew Bond Street , Lomdon ; also , of Gilberts ; < uid « U other bookMlfcr * . Scat post-free at _ s sane price oFru 66 ia ,

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      DO YOU SUFFER TOOTHACHE ?—If so , use Bbahde ' s E . v __ £ L for filling the decayed spots , rendering defective teeth sound and painless . Price One SkUlinR only , similar to that sold at Two Shillings and Sixptnce . Sold by chemists everywhere . Testimonials . — It has given me the use of one side of my meuth . which luxury I had not enjoyed for about two jeare '—E . J . Macdosalb , Belford . Northumberland . ? It is the most effective and painless cure for toothache I have ever found . I have no hesitation in recomj _ end _ r it to all snSerere . ' — Captain Thok-8 Wjiight , J 2 , SewingtoD-crescent , London . I have filled two teeth , and find lean use them as well as ever I -id in my life . I have not had the toothache since . ' — Abraham Coilinb , North-brook-place , Bradferd , Yorkshire . See numerous other testimonials In various newspacers , everj o&e of which is strictly authentic . If any difficulty in obtainim it occurs send One Shillinf anda Stamp to J . Willis , i , Bell ' e-buUdings , SaliBbury- ^ quare , iondon , and you will ensure it by return of past . —Agents granted .

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      T ^ GYPTiAN DROPS , a Certain and Speedy Cure J _ - < forSTOSE and GRAYED , tent Free to all Per tons , by enclosing seven stamps , to Thomas Wilkinson , Iiand Ageut , Gaimborough , Lincolnshire .

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      A PAID-UP FOUR-ACRE SHARE in the National Land Company , to be disposed of , fcr £ 3 j | 10 s , iu consequence of the advertiser leaving the ~ Addre ' s ? , post paia , 3 . "ff „ Sew Street , Walsall , Stafford , ¦ hire .

      Untitled Ad

      SATlOSAh LASD COMPANY . FftHREE FOUR-ACHE PAID-UP SHARES , X with all expenses paid to tte present time , to be _ iiposedof . Early application ib requested , the party having other engagements preventing him from holding tbe same . , Adores * , post paid , to Mr S . Boouham . Company s Office , Ht , High Ho ' . born . Terms , _ i 5 s per share .

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      FOR SALE , A PAID-UP TWO-ACRE SHARE iu the Land Company .-Price , £ 2 . Apply , if by letter ( post-paid ) , to S . P ., No . 3 , Alms , housei , Uxbridze .

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      , TWO THREE-ACRE PAID-UP SHARES in the National Land Company to be disposed of . —Price , £$ 10 b . each . App ly to Mosis Wardle , Hemshaw-lane , Stockport , Cheshire .

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      TO BE SOLD . THE RIGHT of a THREE-ACRE ALLOTMENT in the National Land Company , ballotedforinMaylast . Apply to Sir S-HDEt CtiGG , Basketstreet , Burnley , Lancashire .

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      TO BE DISPOSED OF . k FOUR-ACRE SHARE in the National Land J \ . Company . Application to be made to AtiH HlQCE , 6 , WiuCneiter . place , Kentish Town .

      Untitled Ad

      A BARGAIN . TO BE SOLD CLEAR OP ALL DUES , ONE FOUR-ACRE SHARE ia the National LatHi Company . —Price , £ 3 10 b . Address W . 6 . Bases , 51 , the Grove , Gsorge ' s-place , HoHoway .

      Untitled Ad

      IBS CB 5-FZ 8 T EP 1 TIOK ET 8 * PCBHBHSD . Price 18 . 6 d ., A _ ew . an <** i cgant edition , with Steel Plate of he Author , of PAHtES POLITICAL WORKS . -. rOXJS . il . TO IV ., NJEA . TLY BOUNE , P / lce 3 i . 63 . each , ME ilBOURER' IAGMINE .

      Untitled Ad

      DEFENCE FUND . Mt Friends , ¦ ^ Every week I see announced in the " < Star " so much sent to this person , and so much to that person , for the Defence Fund , and I do not understand what it means ; not a farthing of it finds its way to me , while all should be sent to Mr Rider , to the " Star" office . How do those parties who receive it know what to do with it I—while perhaps you are not aware that Mr Macnamara—the gentleman whom Mr Jones selected to defend him and four others-

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      PORTRAIT OF W . S . OBR 1 EN . On Saturday , the 3 rd of February , our subscribers will receive their portraits of William Smith O'Brien , and we venture to assert , that a more splendid portrait , or a more correct likeness , was never published . None but subscribers will receive the portrait .

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      TO THE MINERS OF TSE 1 YNE , VTEA . R , AND TEES . FlliOW WoBxms , —Eve * wishf nl for your welfare , and fearful lest ( he approaching attack of joar em ployere should oome upon you nnawareg , I hasten to inform too that a preparation on your part against a general redaction of wages mnst be made with a spirit of determination . Yna , perhaps , are not aware tbat the viewers—or rather coal kings—of Durham SBd Northumberland , have again united themselves in a bady ; and be assured it is not for yonr t rnefit , bat . oa the contrary , for the pnrpoae of giving yon mere work and less -wages . They do not unite to replenui- jour otfftts , or p \» ca you in & batter state oi society : they ca'e not for tbe danger you undergo ;

      they hew ? not the hanger of your wives » nd little ones . Miners , be vise , and guard against the com . ing evil . Redaction , on a large scale , is their intention . View tbe lar ; e heaps of coal at Seaton Dale * Tal , and other ocUieriei ; lot k at the miners of SephilC only receiving a part of their wa . es whea dued and at the same time under notice ; many other collieries are ia the eatae position , f he employer , of the Cons'de Iron and Coal Works gave 600 or 700 jaen and boys their diseharge , and then advertises for 300 raea . Does sot each a \ t ee ding cty , 'Miners . Unite ! ' Up and be doing , and when the n . action do ° a come— for come it must—let it be the ¦ ignal for another great and glorious udiod . C ime forward in yoar thousands , and oppose your emp ' ojers on the principles of justice . There is no

      secetdty fora redaction of yoar wages ; the nines of Lancashire and Scotland ate almost generally improving their wages . Then , I ask , why reduce yonre ? The only reason I can assign is , tbat the viewers , Seeing your weakoeis , think ifc time oa their part to unite for their advantage . Reeiai , then , illegal proceedings . On you depends the happiness or mi < ery ofalmrtt the entire population of the conn ties yon are employed in . Secure yourselves good wages , and the cmntry is benefitted ; suffer a reduc tiOQ to take place , and yoa bring more evils upon yourselves , and tboee dependi 2 g upon your trade for nppcrt . I would again say , unite ! bs on your guard , and shun , if possible , tne coming danger . I am , yours faithfully , Johh Hail

      The Northern Star, 8aturday. January 13,1849

      THE NORTHERN STAR , 8 ATURDAY . JANUARY 13 , 1849

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      IRELAND . Under no circumstances should we consider an apology necessary for continuously illustrating the state of Ireland ; while at the present moment , when the condition of that country constitutes the stock-in-trade of tlie press , the pamphleteer , the letter writer , the Government , and the frightened of all classes , her grievances and remedies are legitimate questions for consideration . Although Ireland constitutes a portion of the British dominions , aad is said to be an integral portion of the British Empire ; and notwithstanding the facilities of

      communication now existing between the two countries , nevertheless , we venture to assert that the majority of the English people . are better acquainted with the history of any foreign country than they are with the history of Ireland . And the cause of this ignorance is not at all unnatural , while its effects constitute the " great difficulty " with which the English Government has now to contend ; and the " great difficulty'' which it has become the interest as well as the duty of all to correct .

      Far be it from us to travel over the seven centuries of oppression which has so long and so unhappily constituted the stock-in-trade of trafficking politicians , and whose incessant practice has been to array Celt against Saxon , by continuous repetition of barbarous atrocities , of barbarous times , without introducing one single practical measure for the correction of existing ills , or without the slightest endeavour to hea ) existing national wounds , from which would have resulted a much better un

      derstand ^ ng between the people of both countries ; and the consequence is , that the Irishman ' s horror of the Saxon is as freBh and green in the Irish mind as it has been in the darker days of her melancholy history ; and as well may the physician hope to restore the patient to perfect health without removing the . cause of his distemper , as the English Government may hope to correct Irish abuses without first

      destroying those causes which have led to their perpetuation ; while their princi ple is the attempt to allay angry national feeling by brute force , without administering any remedv for the mitigation or removal of national hostilities . While the people of a country are in a state of absolute starvation , nothing can be more unchristian , uncharitable , or unfair , than to make the question of their suffering the grounds of political agitation .

      The Irish are continuously taunted with the venality , the corruption , and prostitution of their own Parliament , and the justice of its dissolution is based upon those charges ; while the English reader should bear in mind , that the Irish people , from the period of the English conquest , never were represented in Parliament . He should understand , that more than ninetenths of the population were Catholic , while a Ca'holic was not eligible to sit in Parliament ; and that patronage , secured by conquest , and tbe emolument paid by the Catholic people , was distributed amongst the Protestant conquerors , and constituted their test of allegiance to the ? British Crown "; and that this Protestant Parliament sold itself to the British monarch .

      Thus far we absolve the Irish people from all crimes chargeable upon the Iiish Parliament ; and . now , throwing over the seven centuries of barbarism , we shall trace the woes of the Irish , and the ignorance of the English , from the Act of Union-not by any means seeking to charge the present Government , or the

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      English people , with the ills dail y . resulting from that measure , and which will require both time an&eapacity to correct , but with the hope that , even yet , the latent mind of Ireland may be roucefi to a sense of its people ' s sufferings , and their country ' s capability . When-the Act of Union was passed , and when English education , English patronage , and tbe representation of Ireland in the English iParliament , constituted the pride and ambition of the Irish , heretofore resident , all local thought of Ireland , withithe exception of ipatronage and distinction , was

      abandoned . So longer was popular favour courted ; no longer could natienal acts be locttlly considered ; no longer could the domestic representatives receive the smiles of their ( Constituents as the reward of virtue , and their frowns as a punishment for vice . They ; fled their country took tlieir families with them , and abandoned agriculture'for patronage . As long as they were residents they were magistrates , possessed loeai authority , and vied with each other in works of national or k > cal improvement i but as soon as the more

      fashionable and seductive port was opened to them they let their estates to griping middlemen , who sub-let at an enormous profit , and became the representatives of those from whom they rented their properties ; and hence the upstart griping middle-man , as if by magic , became a magistrate , grand juror , captain of a yeomanry corps , and distributed amongst his family and friends all that local patronage which , previously , waB administered by the lord of the soil , and by the equitable administration of which hie character was measured .

      We are not contending that in the old boroughmongering time , patronage was equitably administered , but we do contend that it was more equitably distributed by the lord of the soil than it was by his tenant representative ; and to this substitution ofpride and ignorance for character and responsibility , we will now trace British ignorance of the Irish character . During the period of war from 1800 to the peace of 1815 , high wages not only diminished

      Uut destroyed the English Minister's Irish difficulty . After that period , however , when prices fell , and middle-men saw more profit in continuous ejectments , and continuous relettinge , receiving more than the just rent by fines , these middle-men became Irish historians , and each urged agrarian disturbance and Irish disloyalty as his inability to pay war rents ; and through this channel the Irish members sitting in the English Parliament , received and communicated the state ot Irish feeling ; and hence the statute book shows that from

      that period down to the present time , every act of English aggression has been based upon the representations of Irish middle-men , enforced in the English House of Commons by Irish landlords;—those landlords being only too happy to justify their own neglect of duty by the foulest calumnies upon their countrymen , while every abuse was consequent upon their own abandonment of duty ; and hence we find the English Minister of that day securing ; the support of those deserters , by the most extensive and shameful patronage ; and we find those landlords merging all thought of territorial possession and cultivation of their land in Governmental patronage .

      We believe that the strong animosities of the Irish people towards the Saxon might be very easily dispelled , if even now the Government of this day , taking example from the folly of its predecessors , would say to the Irish people , in the wards of Air Harkort , the President of the Prussian Election Committee , "HE WHO MUST TAKE CARE

      OF HIMSELF , HAS NO TIME TO TAKE CARE OF YOU , " and , therefore , as your landlords have neglected their duties , and in taking care of themselves have neglected to take care of you , we have tried the experiment of making their estates answerable for the support of the poorpoverty being a consequence of their own neglect ; and , if that is not sufficient , we will try further and more stringent remedies for the correction of this national malady and crying evil : and tbe remedy—the only remedywill he in enforcing the system of

      PERPETUITY OF TENURE ; and then we shall hear no more of Irish emigration—even in search of gold in California ; we shall hear no more oF Irish destitution and poverty competing with the English labourer in his own market ? we shall hear no more of Irish rebellion , treason , and sedition— -no more of Irish intemperance , laziness , and improvidence , when the field of remunerative industry is open to the Irish people , ' and all the rubbish about the " area of taxation , " the responsibility of landlords , and their destitution consequent upon their

      own neglect of duty , will pass away as so much moonshine , when the field of Labour becomes more profitable and honourable than a lodging in the workhouse . And again , we say to the English Ministers : " Do not , in the name of justice and common sense , hope to crimp the rotes of Irish landlords by skinning over a wound , which , if not probed to the core , will make Ireland not only your real difficulty , but the cause . of English bankruptcy , as the English people will not consent to maintain expensive armaments rendered necessary by the non-performance of landlords'duties /'

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      We are not prepared to take exceptions to a single sentence spoken at thistmeeting , as regards its intended influence upon the people ; but , as we may hereafter hec « fKed upon to refer to the old book of prophecies , we cannot acquiesce in Mr Cobden ' s doctrine— -that any of the proposed reductions < of taxation will better enable the farmer to pay his rent , as the whole amount , if chargeable upon the land directly , and if the land was directly and entirely relieved from it , would be but as a ^ drop of w ater in the ocean , compared with the indirect tax imposed upon the land by foreign competition .

      The competition of foreign grain is not like the competition of foreign shoes , foreign silks , foreign ribbons , or foreign manufactured articles of any description ; foreign competition of grain is competition with the staple commodity of the country , which establishes the standard value of gold , of exchange , of discount , and all manufactured articles . But we merely recite these facts lest Financial Reform should stop with the acquisition of the proposed reduction ,

      and lest our pupils should then say , "You urged us on to acquiescence in those propositions , and led us to believe that , NAKEDLY and PER SE , they would correct the several abuses of which we complained . " We do not view them in this light , ' but we do look upon them as the garter , over which the belligerents are to fight , and to the result as promising and sure to realise a great advantage to the millions .

      It is something refreshing to find the Extension of the Suffrage now constituting a portion of the middle-class agitation ; and although the forty-shilling freehold scheme may be intended as a scabbard for the Chandos dagger , things do not always stop where their projectors contemplate , and , therefore , we look upon this very narrow political franchise as the miniature and distant view of John Bull ' s labour-field and cottage j nor should we be at all astonished to find our friends of the League outbidding us with a new and more fascinating Land Scheme ; and , so far from feeling disappointed , we should hail the . conversion with

      shouts of joy , and look with delight upon the son of the Sussex farmer in his jack-boots , apportioning a dunghill to the several allotments , while our friend John would be employed in the pleasant duty of assigning the several locations : — " This is thine , friend Timothy , and this is thine ,. friend Moses . " And then his colleague , Milner Gibson , might be president , instead of subordinate , of the Board of Trade , overlooking and managing the co-operative department , seeing to the lighting of the ovens , the boiling of the wash-house boiler , the arrangement of the soap , and the just application of the mangle .

      But , all badinage apart , we should much more respect those gentlemen in the situations we have assigned them , and so would the people , and they would be more profitably em « iloyed , than in Ailing the highest government

      situations . To the Financial Reformers , therefore , we say : 'Go on , bid away ; who bids more ? Bid ag ' iin , sir , it is against you ; you will lose the lot . I hr . d a Protectionist nod , and we , as faithful auctioneers , will proclaim our reserve bid , and , if the value is not offered , we will postpone the auction to another day . " What pleases us most in the Manchester proceedings is , that no Chartist opposition was manifested when the object of the agitators was to clip the Whig wing of its patronage , the thing — the only thing—upon which Whig weakness and imbecility has been enabled to base its

      pretentions to office ; anJ , ere long , we hope to see the "HAPPY FAMILY" abandoning their old houee in Downing Street , their old seats—their worn-out seats—upon the Treasury Bench , and betaking themselves to their comfortable lodgings and the bleak side of the House , and no exertion on our part shall be wanting to aid in this Christian endeavour . Of course the Press gang , that lives upon patronage , is open-mouthed in its hostility to Cobden and his associates ; but , to the people , we say , "Let their value be estimated by the abuse of the Press , as the censure of slaves is adulation . '

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      CRIMINAL versus PAUPER ASYLUMS . There is no want of comfortable , well-to-do persons in this country , who are disposed to fold their arms , lean back in their easy chairs , and congratulate us that this is , upon the whole , the happiest » nd the best governed country in the world . They have no objection to ad'nic , merely for the sake of argument , that there may be pointed out abuses here and there ; but then , you know , it is in the nature of things human to be imperfect , and , taking our institutions altogether , they do not exactly see how , they could be made much better . . .

      To this class of persons , the startling revelations that have just been made , respecting the immense difference in our treatment of poverty and crime , must be more forcible than the most eloquent essays of moralists on the practical anomalies of society , or the most indignant denunciations of the injustice inherent in our social arrangements by thsse who suffer frem that injustice . Nothing can add to the force of the simple facts themselves . H appears , that at the Pentonville House of Detention , erected at an immense expense by the Government , for

      submitting the convicts sentenced to transportation to a preliminary course of reformatory treatment , the cost of maintenance per head K sisy pounds at / ear . This is only one of | those fancy prisons in which our philanthropists and dilettanti legislators have of late indulged in their crochets of criminal reform , and , in order to win back the convicted burglar , forger , highwayman , or pickpocket to an honest life , have surrounded them with comforts , which , when contrasted with the treatment of the honest poor in our Bastiles , called " workhouses , " not only appear to be , but positively act as a premium upon crime .

      Now , far be it from us to say one word against tbe position tbat all punishment should be reformatory in its character and ebject , but let us not be onesided . While acting upon the maxim , " That it is our duty to bring back , as soon as possible , the stray sheep to the fold , " let us not forget that it is easier to prevent than to cure . It is simpler to take the poor in their honest though pauperised condition , and make them self-helpful and selfsupporting , than to wait until we have hard ' ened their hearts by bad treatment , rendered them desperate and reckless by our inhumanity

      and avarice , and thereby driven them to become criminals , for the purpose of enjoying the comforts Jn that capacity which we denied them while , their only misfortune was being poor . " The comforts of crime , " as they were appropriately styled at a late meeting in the City , are , indeed , sufficient to make an honest pauper ' s mouth water . Each prisoner in the Model House of Detention we have named , has a separate cell to himself , the temperature of which is regularly heated to fifty degrees . It is lighted with gas , supplied with wash-hand basins , towels , combs , and soap , and with

      a change of books every day . According to Sir Peter Laurie , there are water closets attached to each cell , and we heard that worthy Alderman state , that such was the care taken of these persons , and the deference paid to them , that outside in the corridor there was an officer walking about ready , when the convict rung a bell for him , to bring a piece of paper . The diet is wholesome , nutritious , and varied , so that the inmates gain in flesh . Medical attendants , chaplains , and schoolmasters are

      unremitting in their attendance ; and , to crown all , the turnkeys who wait upon them are bedizened with gold lace to the tune of nearly a thousand pounds a year , and in one of these fancy prisons there are sixty-two attendants to wait upon one hundred and twenty-one prisoners . Why , the crack club in Pall Mall , the Reform Club , could hardly do the thing in a more magnificent style ; we question , indeed , whether the proportion of attendants to the persons to be waited upon in that splendid establishment , comes anything near that we have stated .

      Sixty pounds a year is twenty-three shillings a week . That is the sum " which these gentlemen criminals cost . How many hundreds of thousands of honest working men have to toil from early morn till late atnight for half that sum , to support themselves , a wife , and a large family ? Happy , indeed , they who are so permitted to toil , consider themselves ! When stern poverty and grinding want drive them from their empty cupboards and cold hearthstones , into the asylums provided by law for the reception of the West and unfortunate poor man ,. tney find no such comforts provided for them as for the criminal

      who has broken the laws of his country . We have frequently heard 3 t said , that one of the most disgraceful features of modern Poor Law Administration was , that it treated " Poverty as a crime . " Henceforth let that sleep with other exploded popular fallacies . The Philanthropists have taken crime under their care ; the Economists have charge of poverty Twenty-three shillings a week is deemed little enough for the criminal ; five shillings a week is grudged to the honest man , or the orphans he may have left behind him , when he has sunk in the battle vainly waged against poverty and distress .

      Of the treatment of these wretched orphans , and the offspring of the poor who are so unfortunate ae to require parish aid , the outbreak ot disease at the Infant Pauper Asylum , Lower Tooting , is a horrible revelation . It appears that the Metropolitan Unions are in the habit ot «< farming out" the children chargeable upon them , to a Mr Drouett , at sums ranging from 11 / . is . to 1 U . 14 s . per annum , or little over 4 s . a week Tor this sum the contractor engages to feed , clothe sheltermedicate d

      , , aneducate them . Generally there are from 1 , 200 to 1 , 400 children thus farmed out at the establishment in q « estion . Within the last few days a disease broke out of the most fearful character . In a 8 horf time nearly two hundred children were attacked with vomiting and spasms , which resulted in the speed y death of nearl y fifty 3 them . The alarm spread far and wide tS dreadful uridreaded Cholera bad stooped 0 S its quarry at l . st , and revelled abSSantW upon the tender flesh of infancy . The S dians of the various unions , and' their medic " , 1 officers , hurried down to Tootinr . on thS

      prisoned creatures , in that abominabfclpool of infantile wretchedness , were under-fed and over-cro vvded . The } died like rotten

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      The union medical men let out , on the first alarm , the true cause of the excessive mortality . They recommended the abolition of gruel and liquid food , and the substitution of animal food daily , and added , that it would be better to have the meat ro ' asted . They further recommended more warm clothing , both for the persons of the children and the beds-Thus showing clearl y that it was owing to a system of deliberate starvation , both as respects food and clothing , that this appalling p lague had broken out among the children . It has been called Cholera . Perhaps it is ; bufc we can only say that the symptoms by " which its attack was prefaced , are not those usually ^^~^~~*~~™ ^

      ascribed by medical men to Asiatic Cholera * That is ? nid in all cases to be preceded by 8 tendency to diarrhoea ; whereas , in this case , instead of the usual premonitory symptoms , t ( the firat indication , of attack has , in almoH every instance , been the sudden bulking up or vomiting . " Afterwards the ordinary symptoms of confirmed Cholera appeared . We must not , therefore , blame the Cholera , nor the " open tank " into which the refuse of the County Lunatic Asylum was drained , for this pestilence . When Mr Grainger , the Inspector of the Board of Health , visited the place , he found one hundred and sixty children labouring under violAnt suffering , ly ing four or fiye in a bed . Fifteen hundred thinlv-clad ,

      scantily-fed children , were crowded into a place which was not calculated to give accommodation to more than five hundred . The superintendent of this great mint , in which shivering and helpless orphanhood and poverty were to be coined into gold , no doubt when acting in concert with \ so many " honourable and respectable men , " boards of guardian , thought everything was perfectly en regie . It required such a visitation as this to expose the selfishness and heartlessness , if not the deliberate cruelty , of all concerned in this atrocious outrage upon our common humanity .

      One of the most clumey methods of getting out of the scrape , was that adopted by the chairman and guardians of Chelsea—the first mentioned person , in fact , avowed a moral complicity in the conduct of the contractor , by stating that he and his colleagues had frequently remonstrated with him as to the iasufficiency of the diet . But when they found these remonstrances not attended to , why did they not remove the children ? The Chelsea

      guardians , the Holborn guardians , and other metropolitan guardians—panic-stricken by the results of their ' farming" system , ru 9 hed down to Tooting , and removed their children en masse . The whole and the sick were cram , med into omnibusses pell-mell , and driven off with all speed from the pest house . But here , again , they showed as little common sense as they had formerly done of common humanity .

      The children so brought to town , and dispersed in tbe various quarters , have spread the seeds of any endemic disease with which tney may be afflicted . The removal of the children has , however , thrown more light on the manner in which . these Infant Pauper Asylums are managedt According to the surgeons of the Hospitals where they have been-temporarily lodged , out of every ten children , nine are affected with the itch . This single fact reveals , in one sentence , all the horrors of this over-crowded , dirty den of starvation . Everyone knows that itch is the invariable concomitant of crowding , uncleanliness , and underfeeding ; and this , conjoined with the fact that up to this time more than three hundred children have been

      attacked . and upwards of one hundredhave died , is quite enough to settle , in every honest man ' s mind , the , verdict , which should be passed upon all parties connected with these proceedings . Let our readers contrast the treatment awarded to the convicted criminal with that of the innocent and helpless Infant Pauper , and think of the boast that our institutions are " the envy of surrounding nations !"

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      Co ^ eatiers # Gom 0 _ jo ! fflt fit& 3 . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following suras , and resptutfully requests all persons or localities who have money in their hands for Mrs M'Douull or Mrs White , in the Nottingham district , to forward the same immediately . Be prompt—we want deeds , not words , now : — FOR Mftn m ' doUALI . £ i , dt The Seven Stars .. .. ., .. 0 a 0 Mr JohnPrmgle .. .. ., .. 035 MrMott .. o 3 g Mr Ch ' . pmdale ., ., o 1 O Mr C . Watevfteld .. .. " e o 11 Messrs Mortimer and Scott .. ,. 0 10 Master l erkln 8 0 0 a MrGte o 0 fi l ' h- 0 0 7

      FOB HB 8 WHITI . The Seven Stars o 2 o From the-King of the French' .. ,, 0 0 9 Mr Ginniver-andSon .. ., o 0 8 T . H 08 . Orubshe * has rcceired the following snms irom tne Chartists of Higher Lane , for the relief of the im . prisoned Chartists of Kirltdale : _ £ i d . Pilkington , per John Eastwood .. .. 0 9 0 Jersey Street Stoves , per Victim Box .. o 3 7 rho Chartuts of uigii , per James Cook .. 0 7 0 H . Ijtwis , BttMlem . —We cannot publish ' forthcominff meetings' unleBs paid for as advertisements . Tiik Poets .-We can give no more poetry on the old or new year . S . N . U . —loannot name any particular Aay after which otters will not bo entertained , but I would adTheyou not to delay your offer later than the first .

      i t-o v . c , Thomas Clare . questions SoBSCMBER—We do not answer legal D . Buti . eb , Coventry—Head the report of a meeting at Manche-tsr , mtkis number of the Stab mzvnu S »*

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      EXECUTIVE NOTICE . Fellow Countrymen , —It is with satisfaction and pleasure that we anuounce the election of Mr O'Connor to the presidency of the National Charter Associate of Great Britain . This step will , we are confident , meet with your unqualified approval , and augurs , well for the future success of the movement .-Any eulogy on the character of Mr O'Connor from us is unnecessary ; he is known to you all , and you are the best judges of his merit .

      No Movement can succeed if it meets with either a doubtful or damaging support . If we posse 59 your confidence be true to yourselves , and true to us lnts men of London are taking the proper Bteps to secure an efficient agitation in the metropolis [ and supported as they will be by the co-operation and support of the resident members of the Executive Council , we cannot doubt as to the result . We solicit ) Ou to be attentive and punctual in your business arrangements ; and as the cards of

      membership and plans of organisation are now ready , let each locality order the requisite number forthwith , distinctly stating the means by which they can be best transmitted . The sum charwd being only one shilling per dozen places them within the reach Of all who desire to join the Association . We say then to the sub-agents and friends of the National Charter Association , do your part of the good work , and we will to the best of our ability do ours . Samuel Kydd , Secretary ,

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      JOHN O'COxVNELL'S NEW YEMl' 8 GIFT . Cheer up , my brave Brl on « , the day is eurown loang J ) bnny h * come to tha S «« m ghore ' w \ r , ^^ ^ , ^ : « - ^ ^ v ^ tt xdssr * a sratttar ^^

      Jf' * "V »' , bat we ' re oa ftr it hone , ; IZaT 1 tOm the dW ' . how awkward you stand , tittndg in J 0 Ur p ^ cksts , end fork out yoar money , We re moral force gnldterg—our motto ispe&ce ror tho stick of tbeplbe sod the ball we abbor ' We re Me pride and the glory of ITleslan race ' Bat should show box require it we'll then talk of" war Let a penny awaek be your loyalty ' s test — * tec jour watchword be Ireland , tha lund of the frea Theu PaiJy , my honey , Ropale , ani th * rest * Yau must leave to your Gjd , to jour priest , and tdfflj . How oit I bare told you I'd die if you Mke Hut tha Mow man be struck wneB bireet nature thlnkft Who'd be free munt avoid tho mu 8 ket and pike — 1 ' U die Of the ehollc , teezee we ( Zeo , ot- pip ' Oh Erin . I love joa , I csnnot tell how , 1 x 9 racfc'd Rianneghweal till her pap ss » ruu dr * You mnt fl . d me a tit of , ome oi ? ould cow , ?> rdri wL " 1 usUllkeorudsand 8 ^»

      Tue Miners' Union.

      TUE MINERS' UNION .

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      SiKgclah Di-covsrt . —A tabla knife -was found fina ' y eoioedded in tbe ( stomach of a cow , which « as 0 ! au ^ ht 3 ei the wee k before last at Elgin , which was in yech tO-id coni . tlon a . % to 6 how that Let ieiithhsi r . - ; ii ? :- sii ^ htisJ d-gre ? b < en iffided Of tag 8 f range moral which eh ? bad swallowed .

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      THE VICTIMS . We direct the attention of our readers to an address from the Manchester Victim Committee , concerning , and in behalf of , the imprisoned patriots West , White , Leach , Donovan , and others , confined in Kirkdale . We have before commented on the peculiar position of these victims of Whiggery , and shown the disgrace it would reflect on the Chartist party , and the working classes generally , were

      our suffering friends left unprovided with the means of subsistence . The address above alluded to , states that the imprisoned Democrats have , hitherto , obtained support , but are likely to be reduced to want unless funds are immediately placed at the disposal of the Committee . The case is an urgent one . We have reason to believe that the Committee has already h ' « d to borrow money to supply the sufferers with food and the barest

      necessaries . The imprisoned patriots are best known in Lancashire , and , naturally , have first claims on the Chartists of that important district . We suggest to the Manchester and Liverpool Committees , the propriety of convening a South Lancashire delegate meeting , for the purpose of concerting measures for obtaining a regular and sufficient sum for the maintenance ofgthe men in prison .

      Each delegate , attending the said meeting , should come with authority to name the sum his town or district would supply monthly or weekly in advance . The first week ' s or month ' s contribution brought at the same time , would render the meeting moTe effective . We have received several letters concerning the family of Dr M'Douall . Mrs M'Douall has four young children , one born about the time that her husband was sentenced to two years ' imprisonment ; the situation of his family

      would befwe this time have been desperate but for the real philanthropy of Mr Farrell , and other Liverpool friends : it is , however , unjust and impossible that one or a few persons should perform the duty due from the many . We understand that Mrs M'Doaall is anxious for assistance , to enable her to commence some line of business by which she mi ^ ht support herself 5 » nd children . We believe the general Victim Committee would be happy to vote that assistance if the funds existed , but the funds do not exist .

      Week by week we make these appeals . When will the multitudes who have adopted , or pretended to adopt , Chartist principles , save us from the shame of making these appeals , and rescue the victims from their present condition of unmerited suffering .

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      FHE FINANCIAL REFORM MEETING IN MANCHESTER .

      We recommend the report of the proceedings in the Free Trade Hall , in Manchester , to the working classes , and From it they will gather more than the mere attempt to reduce Whig" patronage by the amount of ten millions ayear . They will see that Mr Cobden proposes a return to the expenditure of 1835 , merely as the first step in the march of progress , and then , he says , he will go farther . The reader must understand that the affairs of a country , long based upon the principle of patronage , cannot be altered , as if by magic ;

      and that the Reform Bill being the foundation of middle class ascendancy , it required time for that class to muster its strength against the old Country Party , whose power , though shaken , has been temporarily upheld by the Chandos clause , which gave to the &QL tenants-at-will and landlords a right to the vote ; and that class ef voters constituting 108 , 000 , or more thanafourth of the whole agricultural constituency , is a pliant and docile reserve , which must march at the bidding of the Protectionists , and which , though the minority , constitutes the balance of power of that Partv .

      What we glean , then , from the new developement of Free Trade strength is , that now the battle- —the real battle—must be fought between the upper | and the middle classes—between the owners of land and the owners of machinery—and this is the very phase in which we have long viewed the coming struggle . Not that we base tiie hope of the employed upon the political success of the employer , but that we found tbe future prospect of the Labourer upon the good old maxim ,

      " WHEN ROGUES FALL OUT HONEST MEN COME BY THEIR OWN ;" and the worker may rest assured , that the sluggish , inactive , and once-duped Protectionists , will now open their ears to what is passing around them , and will be prepared , in the approaching struggle , to outbid their competitors for popular favour . To us , who have long foretold this day of auction , it matters not who may n > ake the bid , provided it comes up to our price ; whether Feel or Russell , we will knock the lot down the moment the " reserved bid" is offered and that bid is ANNUAL PARLIAMENTS UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE , VOTE BY

      BALLOT , EQUAL itEPRESENTA TION , NO PROPERTY Q UALTP 1 CA TION , AND PAYMENT OF MEM BERS .

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      MAGISTRATES' LAW . As first-class misdemeanants , the Manchester Chartists confined in Kirkdale , are sup . posed to enjoy among other privileges that of receiving newspapers . Aware of this , we have , since their conviction , forwarded a copy of the " Star , " weekly addressed to " J . West , House of Correction , Kirkdale , near Liverpool . " It appears that the "Star" has reached the prison , but not our friends confined therein . The governor would not give the paper to the person to whom it was addressed , until he had received authority from the magistrates : that authority has been sought by the prisoners , with what result the following extract from f letter from one of them , will tell : —

      I regret much that your kindness in causing tbe Star to be sent here is unavailing as the Visiting Mauistratis have peremptorily decided that it shall not be admitted . Jh ° niw" ? ! v ft ) r thU decision on a "y other grounds than that its politics are opposed to the views of those ffontkmen . Uut we have just as good a right to our po . htical opinions as any other men or class in this country , and I do think that any newspaper that is legalised by government , bears its stamp , and pays duty , we have a rujht to receive . We do not intend to let it diop here . We intend to ajiy . y to the Secretary of State , and in the event of that failing , to appeal to the House of Commons ,

      Untitled Article

      where I have many perasnal friends , who will im that justice is done to me and the others , and that we « halt have tbe full benefits rtcat the law allows . We ask no pWe ' all feel roucb-ooBoerned that the Justices should deem it necessary to owne to such a decision . We often go ^ much instruction and good ndrice from the Staii that we could not obtain in any other paper , but we are in prisoD , and the Magistrates must make us ftel tbat they have tbe power to punkh . We are all in good health and Bpirits , with the exception of Nixon , who is in the hospital , from s severe cold , which , we fear , will terminate in tever ; but we bopo it will not be dangerous . This is monstrous . Our friends are allowed

      to receive the ' * Times" daily , and why should they not receive the " Star" weekly . The " Times'' is not more a lawful journal than is the " Northern Star" AH the regulations en . forced by Acts of Parliament have been complied with by the proprietor of this journal , and at the Stamp Office the " Star" is on an equality of right and privilege with the " Times . " If the " Star ' was an'illesal journal , or in any way an offender against the law / the

      Attorney General would soon remind us of his existence ; but we maintain , and are prepared to show , that the "Times'" is not one whit more legal or respectable than is this journal ; why then this unjust , odious , and tyrannical distinction ? This act of petty despotism is another proof of the hatred towards the " Northern Star ' entertained by those who riot on the spoils of the poor man ' s labour , and who detest this journal , because it exposes and denounces their rapacity and oppression .

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      . THE NORTHEHN STAR . : January 13 , 1819 . M , , _ - ___»_^__——_ rT ~~*~ —— " __* T ___ - ¦ ¦ —^^ , ^^ MJ ^^ M ^^ i ^_ i ^_ iM ~ W *^~ ' ~~*** ^™~~ l ^~~^~~ ' ~ ' *~^~~^~~^ ' ~~^~~ ^ ~ " ^~~^~~~*~~^~~^ MM ~~~ i ~~ ~~^~~^~~~~~^^^^~

      1 Education Upon Inclusive Terms, If A Ladv Conducting A First-Class School Near

      1 EDUCATION UPON INCLUSIVE TERMS , if A Ladv conducting a first-class school near

      Sow Ready, A New Edition Of Mr. O'Oonkgr's Work On Small Farms,

      Sow Ready , a New Edition of MR . O'OONKGR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 13, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1505/page/4/