Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd June 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 5, Untitled Article

Page 5
Page 5
5 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (1)
    • ftttjwial f atitamtnt.
  • Text (14)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Untitled Article

      Ig expenditure , is as much felt as ever . The re I puguance against living under the petty tyi ranny of a Colonial Governor , whose ^ vffl or I ^ ce , as % «» ma constitutes the law \ m «> r the time being , is not lessened hy the 1 feet that Mr . Benjamin Haves makes ini consistent and driveling speeches in . support of the system he formerl y condemned I : or palhates existence of abuses he cannot deny * I by making promises astothe huge improve ! K ments he and his chief mean to effect some day H or other . People have lost confidence in the ad-Tiimistiativei ^ acMes oflKythofthesewjr tbies . m . Lord GREY , in particular , has shown himself E ; onl y an adept at hungling every job in-Con-W stituiaon-making -which he Tmdertakes , and it K would bemuch wiser for Parliament at once to m frame a comprehensive , systematic , and consis-W tent scheme upon which the Colonies could he E governed justly , and . under which Engh ' shmen , mf . who wish to reside in them , would not be dep prived of the social and political privilegesthey Wf are accustomed to at home . ff

      Untitled Article

      fi RECEIPTS OF jj THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY & For toe "Week Esdixg Thobsdat , K Mat 31 , 1849 . § 1 SHARES . H £ s . d . £ s d . R * Jamick .. 116 J . Freeman .. 0 10 Kg lettering .. Ill 6 Joseph freeman 0 10 II flyde .. .. 4 0 9 TV . M . SPLean .. 0 4 0 @ Sottingnam .. 0 2 0 E . Hurry .. 0 6 0 E 9 Boll .. .. 217 6 A . Hurry .. 0 6 0 E | llalton .. 1 310 JL Walker .. 010 0 Egg Bennondsey .. 012 0 T . Gffl . .. 020 El Bolton .. 2 17 0 liGMowl .. 0 16 £ 15 16 10 bI " i ^ SK m EXPENSE FUND . §| f JI" « clc .. 0 2 6 J . Farrence .. 0 2 0 B * Nottingham .. 006 m - £ 0 5 0 W TOTALS . g Land Pond ... ... ... ... 15 16 10 K Expense ditto ... ... ... 0 5 0 m Bonus ditto ... * 370 2 2 M Loan ditto ... ... ... 1 10 6 H Transfers ... ... ... ... 0 5 0 i - £ 3 S 7 IS 6 If W . 1 ) 1 X 05 , C . DOILB , fe T . Clark , Cor . Sec . j £ P . M'GbaihPin . Sec .

      Untitled Article

      , , i- EXECUTIVE FUND . S" Rectived by " Wm . Bideb . —Bacup , per J . Wflson , 5 s . ; fe BrisMon Xocalitv , per W . ilower , 6 s . Received at « S \ J ^ Ofhce . —Charles jSippard , ^ 6 d . ~ Received liy S . - Ktm > . — George 3 Ells , 7 s . - j VICTIM FUND . - Bccdved l > y "Wat . Ryder . —Nottingham , per J . Sweet , '" ' is . -VL-Todmorden . per R . Barker , 10 s . ; Peterborough , i per B . Scholey , 2 s IOcL ; Brighton per "W . Flower , 12 s Gd . ; J raisleT , per W . Buchanan , Gormby , lls . Ci ; MUe End , 1 Sewto ' wn . W . Bawling , 2 s . Td— - — -Beceived at Lasd I OrncE . —Mr . Foster , Is . ; Mr . TCniamson , 2 s . ; Charles 1 Snpard , 6 d . | l * NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . m Received l > v Jons Abxott . —Proceeds of Ballot at the m ( lobe and Pnends , per Mr . Leatherbarrow , 10 s . 6 d . ; Mr . m 3 [ oore , per Mr . Shute , Is . ; Henry KirWiam , Chartervflle , II ttT . E . Stallwood , Is . : "General Hill" andFriends , per John 9 3 Eliie , 2 s- " . ADemocrat /' Bntler ' s-alley . per Thomas Brown , m 3 t * 2 S , GoHen-lane , per Thomas Brown , 3 s . 9 Jd , - , Mr , Wm RJer as per Star , £ 1 10 s . Sd . ; National Ballot , £ 20 . — Wm Tsal , £ 22 lls . 11 id . § 9 Zebatoi . — In last -week ' s Star the sum received from § 9 tie Ernest Jones locality should Lave been 6 s . 6 s ., and the &m tjal amount , instead of Dehig £ 17 13 s . lid ., should have 3- &sn £ 7 19 s . lld .

      Untitled Article

      9 ATTEMPTED MURDER BY A JEALOUS M HUSBAND . » B | LiScisniEE . —Early on Monday morning a most Ma ddilierate attempt to commit murder was made in S the l : oroBgh of Salford , ly a young married man 9 named John Burton ; the motive assigned for the Ba atrocious act , -which sprnn . sr from jeaibnsy , being S a wisli to inflict summary vengeance on the B seducer cf Msirife . Burton is the keeper of a 9 small confectioner ' s shop on the Salford side of 9 "Vlctom-hridsre , and has heen married between 9 * &" *' and ^ "" y " ' ^ " ^ * ein o about his own 9 a " i&i 7 ears ) - ^ 7 ^ on ^ c ^^ V ^ 9 sprl nearly three years of age . Tor some consider-9 aMe time past Burton and his -wife have been on 11 terms of intimacy and friendship with a younjj man ^ fumnml Giles Hardman , a wearer , who resides in

      H Booii-street , Chapel-street , Salford , tvIw is a H TOilower . Latterly Tumours hare reached the ears H § of Burton that his wife and Hardman were too Hfrietdlv , to which , however , he for a long time ap-^ g itears to have refused credence—no doubt , thinking iSimch reports arose from the fact winch , lie seems 111 to Isavc known—namely , that Hardman and she were Hf sweethearts heforethe ' ir respective marriages . He S was visited at his house in Gabel-street , Gravel-Wm lane , on Priday evening week , by a male acquain-S taitcc of Ills , named Connor , -who told him he could 1 H furnish him with damning proofs of his wife ' s guHt , H as he ( Connor ) had that night tracked her to a place § 9 wliere she had an assignation with Hardman , and 9 where he witnessed sufficient to confirm the intelli

      9 rumours in existence . The effect of ibis gence 9 « I » on t f » e min < 1 of tte * ^ e * 0 1160 husband was most 9 liarrowm " , and appears to have filled him with the 9 diabolical intention of killing his wife ' s seducer , for 9 on the day following ( Saturday ) he purchased a nis-9 id ^ all ^ ^ d powder , for the purpose of blowing 9 out the man's brains . Early on Monday morning 9 ¦! » - went to Uardman ' s honse , somewhei-e about 9 laif-past six o ' clock , and knocking at the door 9 asked the man ' s mother if her son Giles was in . 9 ' -Ye « " she replied , "he is up stairs in hed ; on 9 vWcu he went up stairs to see Mm . saluting bis m-9 tended victim as he entered the bedroom , by calling 9 ont his name . Hardman on hearing his voice , ex-9 claimed , " Holloa , Jack , is that thee ? " to which forward into the

      9 31 ur * on renlied by stepping room 9 Closin ? the door carefully after him . He then pulled M offhis iackct , and took from the pocket th » pistol if which he had boug ht on Saturday , and presenting II * t directly at Hardman ' s head puUed the trigger B Providentially the priming flashed off in the pan , S and the murderous -weapon nussed fire , affording 9 tiine to Hardman to spriu « r on his assailant , and to 9 wrest it out of his hand . The struggle was a short 9 | one , as Burton made scarcely any resistance , but 9 i vieldia" -up his weapon with a melancholy sigh , said , H ~ « Iam soiTy itmisscd , hut I have got another wdl Wi < 3 othejob I intended . " After Hardman had ob-II tainedthe pistollesaid , " Sow , Jack , Iwillforgive m thee , and sty Eothmgaboutit , if thou will promise 9 -no ™ in A * 4 rfi a thins again : " hut the only reply

      , M & couldTclidt from burton ^ s * * " £ ? S ifereatio takeblslife , sooner orkter . Imdinghim aol ^ nt on murder , Hardman ra ^ ed an outerj ^ for a policeman , when police constable Hill was ja > on S fetched to the place , and was ^ fo rmed 01 * Kf ^ fcmpt Burton had made , on which he took him WcostodT . Theunliappyman ^ e ^ re scd Ms regret that the pistol had missed Sre , ^ dealing tie constable to take him away at once , and said he was quite prepared for the worst . He told the B officer he lo&d £ n& a Ifartber supply of powder isd balls in a drawer , inside ^ his shop . 4 flw B iakiiig him to the Town Hall Mr . ^ eal , the offi-9 « r , proceeded , to the sliop of the prisoner , for the purpose of searching for the powder ^ aUmeniioned , but on his arrival he found that . the shop lad leen opened by the V ™™ % * gT ™ JZ 1 who said there were no such arhclesm the place . 7 , klZ ; l Anderson ( the brother-m-law ) , the offidui

      1 w ^ a him , and found the powder ana - B Jets in his pockets ; and ^ rtauimg £ / £ X 1 leard of Burton's arrest , aid had hastened to the I shop and hroke in the door for the PW */ "T 9 Moving the articles , the officer took him into cub-H tcdv as an accessory before the fact . . H On Tuesday morning the two prisoners were I ijroagMup for examination More the mayor of I Mford ( Mr . E . S , Lang ^ orthy , ) and afterthe facts B of the attempt had been stated , Burton was re-B Manded for further examination .

      Untitled Article

      1 Trraimw . — Much excitement prcvaUcd in this I town , on Friday week , from the assembling , m the I street of a large number of men , agiiculturists and 1 manufacturers , who were notable to obtain em-I plovment , They marched to the union house , 1 ^ liere the guardians were sitting , and their cases I -were severafiy heard , -whicti occupied some time . A The result was that the young men were taken 1 Sntn + he house , and the rest granted put-door

      re-1 lief The poor fellows are louam their aenuncia-I s- ^^^^ sriar ^ e H 9 H

      Mi mmm I aie&wlfcrs . "

      Untitled Article

      LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES . XLVI . " " ^ opds are things , and a small drop of ink Falling—like dew—upon a thought , produces Inat which makes thousands , perhaps millions , think . " bibon . LA 2 ? DLOEDISM THE CUESE OF IRELAND .

      Bk other Pkoietabiaxs , Blacker and blacker grows the picture of Ireland ' s misery . You may read in this . week ' s " Northern Star" of twelve deaths by starvation at one place in two days only . You may read that in the Queen ' s County many of the people , utterl y destitute of even " the coarsest food , are now devouring sea-weed as a last resource . You may read Archbishop M'Haxe ' s declaration that entire villages in the -west of Ireland are utterly desolate , and

      present a spectacle than which , nothing more appalling could be produced by the ravages of an invading army , and you may read , that those of the peasantry who are not completely broken-hearted , and sunk into the apathy of despair , are joining secret societies , doubtless with the view of inflicting some terrible vengeance upon those whom they regard as the authors of their misery . I fear , however , that if a popular outbreak takes place , the only result will be death by the bullet instead of by hunger , to those whom despair will drive to an unequal , hopeless struggle .

      The "Freeman ' s Journal" states , that in one part of the country miles may be travelled and scarcely a human being can be seen , except some tottering starveling endeavouring to make his way to the relieving officer ! In many places , the poor are living on nettles , which they endeavour to boil and eat ; and in other places they drain the streams of watercresses to appease the ravages of hunger . These reports appear day by day in the Dublin papers , and , more or less , are transferred to the London papers , yet our rulers stand idly by , apparently neither caring nor feeling for the -wretched sufferers . Indeed , it is a question whether their conduct is not the result of a

      fiendish , bnt well calculated policy , for getting rid of the " surplus population" of that miserable country . But , if the legal protectors of the Irish people—the administrators of our " glorious institutions" —are doing nothing , the eternal enemies of our Irish brethren are , at least , doing something—hastening the progress of human destruction , by their pitiless evictions of the unhappy peasantry , whose very existence seems to be a crime in the eyes of their ruffianly landlords .

      The " Freetnan ' s Journal" states that in "the district of Duharrow , on nearly-all the properties in that barony , there is scarcely a sign of a human habitation , except in the dilapidated rums of what , at no distant day , were happy homes . The Derry Castle and the Coumbeg , and several other properties , are almost altogether depopulated . Between Kenagh and Cloughjordan—a distance of about six miles—nearly all the houses have been tumbled down , and that line of road presents an equally gloomy and terrible aspect . Between Cloughjordan and Borrisokane , theEev .

      Mr . Tkench ejected forty families , comprising about two hundred and fifty souls , from the property called Forty Acres ; the houses are removed—a fence wall has been built around the property by the stones that were taken from those honses ! A Mr . Eiy has ejected and tumbled down the houses of a great number of persons also in the same district ; but the ruins of the houses are standing , and seem as if they were the debris left afterthe cannonading of some hostile army . Between Borrisokane and Nenagh the work of destruction has - been also progressin" -to some extent . It sickens the

      heart when one looks upon the country—desolate as if the scythe of death mowed down the population . In Clare the same work has been going on with similar effects ; but to see the fairest and most beautiful portion of Tipperary thus devastated , no one could imagine would be the case . The people , for the greater part , are sinking into the grave -without a murmur , or going into thePoor Houseto die as certainly . In the fields , on the rising grounds , by the roadside , everywhere the eye turns , cabins in ruins and blackening walls of what once was a human dwelling are to be seen . ' *

      Yon may read in this week ' s " Star " the appalling details of one of the landlord razzias . Some hundred and fifty families , comprising about six hundred individuals , were , a tew days ago , driven from house and home by the myrmidons of a heartless landlord , and the minions of the law—the laio , which , should be the protector of the weak and the oppressed , but which , in Ireland , is the engine by which the oppressor is enabled to safely and "legally" perpetrate his crimes and cruelties . ruffians invading

      Think of law-armed a peaceful village , and dragging the sick from their beds , and the young and old from their firesides ; giving the victims of their barbarity scarcely time to remove their household goods before they consigned their doomed cottages to destruction . Think of the half-clad , more than half-starved , fever and cholera-stricken victims , being left shelterless , with scarcely a pallet of straw upon which each might lie down and die . Think of the despau - ii the helpless women , and Hie unbearable misery ot the men , venting their wretchedness in impotent maledictions , or unheeded prayers ; " For Heaven looked on and would not take

      their part ; and when you have reflected on these horrors , say whether these words are not a mere waste of ink and paper ; whether they express sympathy for the victims , or denunciation of the murderers ? Deeds , not words—deeds of stern pitiless justice upon the assassins of the poor , should be the commentary on these crimes ot the few , and wrongs of the many . . ¦ The landlords , by whose orders such internal doino-s as are described above , are perpetrated , I denounce as being guilty of robbery and spoliation ; a thousand-fold more worthy ot the gallows , than ever were the worst celebrities of the " Newgale Calendar . " But they are more than robbers , they are murderers . There is never an instance , but that in these

      evictions some of the sufferers , few or many die in consequence of the hardships to which they are subjected , by being deprived of shelter &c If any of the Toomevara victims perish , eternal justice will declare them to have fcen murdered . The law will not say so , but the law and justice axe the antipodes to each other in Ireland ; were it otherwise the robbers and assassins of the Irish peop le would S Se exemplary punishment their crimes so loudly call for ; and were Government okenameitwouldat once sendforth

      worthy , SSwft ^ SSr their deserts- But these criminal > are ^ afe , the members of the Government and Parliament being of their own class , and _ -. . . A fellow feeling makeslthem wondrous kind In vain did Mr . Sciior-E on the night of the 25 th of May , press upon the Government and Parliament their responsibility for not hastening to adopt measures to prevent the frightM destruction of human life going on in Ireland : in vain did he remind the " honourables and

      " righiWonrables , " that whilst they WW 6 enjoying themselves night and , day , and expending large sums of money in p leasures and recreations , their fellow creatures were dying by thousands , buried without coffins , or in many instances left unburied , a prey to rats , dogs , and birds of carrion—Yes , all in vain ! Lord John Russell declared that he thought Her Afaiestv ' s Government had done all that it was £ S power todo , and he did not think that any eftbrts that House could make would prevent the dreadful scenes of suffering and of death that were now owwnng va . Ireland ,

      Untitled Article

      The Chakcellor of the Exchequer added that three-halfpence or twopence per day vouldkeeplifeinthebqdy , and that , thanks to Free , Trade , that sum would purchase enough of life-preserving Indian meal ; Free Trade had , therefore , contributed very largely to the preservation of life in Ireland by cheapening the food imported there . He omitted , to say anything about the exported food sent out of the country for the profit of landlords and speculators , and for lack of which the people are perishing in spiteof the cheap Indian meal . I have no return at hand of the quantity of

      provisions sent out of Ireland in the year 1848 ; but in the year 1846 there were exported from that country 3 , 266 , 193 quarters of wheat , barley and oats , besides flour , beans , peas , and rye ; 186 , 433 cattle , 6 , 363 calves , 259 , 257 sheep , 180 , 827 swine ; besides butter , cheese , dried provisions , potatoes , &c , &c . After more "talk" which resulted in nothing , the honourable members gave their attention to other matters , and finall y concluded the evening ' s sitting by adjourning for a week to enjoy their pleasures during the Whitsuntide holidays .

      ^ The time for Ireland ' s redemption has arrived , hut the men are Wanting . Were bold and honest men at the head of affairs ,, they would make short work of the Irish difficulty . The resumption of the entire soil by the State , in the name of and for the people ; the placing of that people upon the land , to cultivate it for then- own benefit , not for that of landlords and speculators ; the affordingof the cultivators security of possession , and the suppl ying of them with the necessary funds , by a loan raised from our plethoric capitalists , to be repaid by the cultivators in the shape of a moderate rent to the State , would be means adequate to the end of saving Ireland—measures which bold and honest statesmen would adopt , and carry out in defiance of all obstacles .

      As to the Irish landlords , they might deem themselves fortunate if they were permitted to enrol themselves amongst the hardworking cultivators of the soil , furnished with the same assistance , and subjected to the same regulations as the rest of their countrymen . If they could not bring their proud stomachs to submit to this honest—though humbling position , matters mi g ht be compromised with them b y paying their passage money to Caffre land , or New , Holland , where they might enjoy the congenial company of the savages of those countries , and either work and live , or remain idle and perish , just as they might please . Either result would be a blessiDg to the human family . L'AMI DU PEUPLE . May 31 st , 1849 .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL FINANCIAL AND PARLIAMENTAEY REFORM ASSOCIATION OF GREAT BRITAIN . "If there ' s a hole in a' your coats I redeye tent it ! A chiel's amang ye taldn' notci An' faith he'U print it . " Gektlemen , —If any apology be doomed necessary for the present short address , it will be found in the circumstance of my being one of those for whose ostensible benefit all previous reforms have been attempted by the various parties who imagined they had sufiicient interest to carry them . With what success , and their remedial effects on the condition of all the useful classes of the community , I need only refer you to the downward tendency of everything that concerns the remuneration of manual labour ; to the pressure on the capital of the generality of employers which has urged you to the formation of your present powerful organisation ; and last , though not least , to that which will remain a just reproach on the public spirit of England , until Englishmen shall exhibit that amount of public virtue which—like a leet jury—will adjust the scales of political traffickers in the sacred name of justice—I mean the deplorable condition of unhappy Ireland !

      But , gentlemen , if the past has been unproductive of good—if the measures which have been hitherto brought forward by the good and the humane for the benefit of mankind , have Neither been thwarted in limine , or Lave failed to effect the objects of their promoters , let us , as honest and pmtlhul flion , orideavour to find out the causes of failure , and by the adoption of a more cautious course of procedure , and a stern adherence to our principles , at all events , deserve , if we cannot command , immediate

      success . -. - ..- -----I do not doubt , nay , from personal knowledge I am aware , that you have among you men of sterling worth and first-rate talent , men who will not be trammelled in the expression of their sentiments by the undefined terms of " Financial and Parliamentary Reform , " but will give tlieir opinions in a clear and tangible form , by which we may know how far the mass of the people may hope to participate in the anticipated results of this mighty agitation . But , at the same time , I am also aware tiiat the chief cause of our previous failures has been thisthat the philanthropist and the patriot have been cajoled or outvoted by their more designing , bocause more interested colleagues , and isolated from the great body of the people through class preju dige Qr mercenary motives ; the leaders in the great reform movements of late years have

      either—« descended to the barren womb of ' Nothing—from whence they sprung " or , taking advantage of the influence they possessed , havo quietly seated themselves in the omcial chair , and become the tools of the minister in the oppression of their too-confiding fellow-men!—and oftentimes , too , of their former associates ! And as I cannot flatter you on the superiority , in point of purity , of your present committee over others which have preceded it , and knowing as I do something of the wants and wishes of the working population of the countrv , I would respectfully offer my mite of information on a subject of such vital importance to the people at large , and to caution you against the fatal error hitherto so pertinaciously adhered to by the leaders of cta-movements . I allude to the practice of thrusting from your councils the men of the million : for as they are by all parties acknowledged

      to be the producers of all wealth , and thence Having a superior claim to a voice in the distribution of that wealth , so are they the strength and support of any party to whom they become attached ; and if the middle class be really in earnest in their present expressed desire to save the remnant of their capital from the voracious maw Jof the voluptuous tflXeater , or the greedy gripe of the groat monopolist , they must at once , and in good faith , unite with their brethren of the anvil and the loom , in their jusS demand for the restoration of those political immunities , in the exercise of which alone will bo found the guarantee of your mutual protection from the encroachments of any governmental faction—or the rapacity of the . ' ocusts of all hues which the present anomalous system of misrepresentation calls into existence , and supports in their nefarious nibblings at the labourer ' s crust—the shopkeeper ' s till—and the capital of the farmer and the

      merchant . . I have not been an inattentive observer of your movement , nor am I solitary in my scrutiny ; there are thousands—I may say millions—looking forward with sullen intensity to the means you may deem expedient to adopt to accomplish the mission Touhave , in the name of your country , undertaken ; and however others-, hig h in the estimation ot the working classes , may flatter you with - their adhesion and support on the foolish plea of " crippling government patronage ! " I tell you candidly-anrfa vaysltort time ivill test the truth of my averment—that you will not Obtain that desideratum until you rain council with the veritable , leaders of the popular mmmmfint : men who , having struggled long and

      arduously in the promulgation of the very principles with which you have just set out , anr eminently qualified to aid and" assist you in the furtherance of the laudable objects you have in view ; « nd , moreover , as -these worthy men , to whom I allude , deservedly possess the confidence of the unenfranchised millions , and a considerable portion of the electors to boot , you can only reasonably hope to ^¦ sssi £ SSsssm £ Lnt ™ a -Rut . in the name of all past experience . tw

      let us hoar no more of " ^ W ^ S sov «^«™ in the exercise of its patronage" through the lnitrumenSSy of Financial Reform . Solongasthe SterSve the power of issuing ^ y amount of Souer bills , and the influence to get them added to Saiional ' debt , and saddle you and your chil-L ? S the additional interest , the cry of cm > - v jKwrniiirat bv any other means than Eva tnorouirr 5 rm Jftl / commons House is ^ issss a ^ S ' a wsaaa ^ -grsreg ^ i noble spirita ^ V , f \ ^ vo takea the liberty SXffi ^ ttt &toft teity ^ froiu '

      Untitled Article

      a strong desire to see the prejudice of class laid aside in the establishment of a cordial union ot all good men , of whatever degree , whose efforts may eventuate in the accomplishment of a better system ; and my most sanguine hope is , that having taken up so prominent a position in the face of an oppressed community— position from which you cannot recede with honour until you have exhausted all the means at your disposal in an honest and manly endeavour to effect the reforms you are publicly pledged to effect , and the convictions of all the speakers at your late meeting , so nobly expressed , will bear me Out in the assertion that Parliamentary Reform must be the primary object . The masses are with you , if you adopt their political creed . Of yourselves you are powerless—united with the people your triumph is sure and certain . But if , on the otner

      nana , you allow tne pride ot wealth or party prejudice to obstruct a . union so absolutely neces ' - sary , and so happily opportune , you will have yourselves only , to blame for your failure ; and , like others who have gone before you in the fruitless attempt to establish their selfish interest on the political degradation of the labouring population , your schemes will be justly derided , and your names become a byword and a reproach . I have hitherto treated this subject only in so far as ltregai-da the interests of the class to which I belong—I inean ' tho working class , commonly so called—but I will now proceed to make a few observations on the affinity which exists between us and the real middle class or shopkeepers of this country , both as to position , ability to pay taxes , and the want of power to resist the impositions additional burthens . .

      Bear in mind , gentlemen , I do not recognise the aristocracy of any class . They have almost invariably become the oppressors of their fellow men , either as tax-eaters or monopolists , and therefore with those I feel that I-have no mutual interest ; but it is very different with the groat body of the intermediate class of useful distributors of the necessaries of life between the producers and the consumers , These are the men with whom I would fraternise , and with whom I should wish to see our brethren in cordial union , for our mutual protection against the cupidity of the monopolist , in the meantime , and our ultimate emancipation—we , from the political serfdom into which we have been invidiously placed by their mock elevation—and they , from the annoying influences by which they are beset , and

      which Tender their franchise of none avail ; and it is with the view of facilitating that union that I would , in the first place , endeavour to remove the veil of prejudice which has been so artfully , but , at thesametimc , successfully , introduced betwixt us , for the purpose , as the issue has clearly demonstrated , of more effectually dividing us , in order to make mere shuttlecocks of those on whom the Reform Bill conferred (?) a little apparent superiority , for , after all , of whom is this numerous class composed ? Assuredly , not of men who can . boast a vast deal of intellectual , scientific , mechanical , or literary attainments—whereas , the superiority of the

      mechanical portion of their brethren—in these respectsplaces them far above them in the scale of usefulness . Whence , then , this suicidal backwardness to unite with them for their common benefit ? I say their common benefit , for it will be at once conceded that when the working people are prosperous , the shopkeeper receives a corresponding advantage ; and it is because of the depression in the one department , that those of the other find it difficult to pay their taxes , and hence their present effort to relieve themselves by Financial Reform . Vain hope ! of which tho anticipated proximity of the millennium is a fitting counterpart .

      And , what have you gained , gentlemen , by the assumed preference ? ¦ Why , not one in every ten of you dare use your privilege of voting according to your honest conviction ; many of you allowing yourselves to be disqualified on the eve of an election , rather tban . be subjected to the usual annoyances , or the probable ruin consequent on an independent vote ; this , is the very acme of slavery , and ought at once to be repudiated by all men of sense , and more particularly so by a class of persons moving in a decent sphere of life , and laying claim , imr excellence , to an extra share of respectability ; again , just see how easily you may be denuded of even this poor privilege ; only char . ge your residence , and you arc disqualified for the best part of two years , or , as it often happens , go into the next

      parish , and you are without tue ; pale of the constitution altogether ; so much iorpyour boasted privileges , happy , freeborn Englishmen ! And where is your power to effect anything for tho welfare of society ? Let the blessed results of the Reform Bill respond . It is true , you can be marshalled at the call of the aristocracy of your class , when a political object is to bo gained , or , as it often transpires , ( let us hope it is not so in the present instance , ) to divert the public mind from tho stern and determined efforts of the unenfranchised masses to obtain their just , but top long withheld rights ; and what is the consequence ? Just these ; diminished profits and additional taxation , and every effort you have hitherto made , but too plainly shows , that you have no power to help yourselves , much less your fellow men . But , " better late than

      never , " is an old saying , and you may yet retrieve yourselves , and bo of immense utility in a wholesome agitation for a full and effective representation of the people in Farliamcnt ; 'thc materials are all'prcpared to your hand , the result of years of study , and the experience of all the practical reformers for centuries back are at your disposal , to guide and instruct you all , arranged so simply and concisely in the document known to , and appreciated by millions of the sons of toil , who neither have time nor the means to give immediate effect to the agitation which you possess — I mean that glorious compendium of all that is essential as a basis of a better system of legislation—I mean the

      People ' s Charter . Aiid if you be really in earnest in your professions to benefit even yourselves by the reduction of the public burthens , you must , in the first place , get an unfettered voice in the transaction of the public business , and that can never be the case till the ri g ht of voting be universal ; that right secured from undue interference by the Ballot ; aristocratic imbecility avoided by the abrogation of the Property Qualification ; corruption defeated and patronage destroyed by the adoption of Annual Parliaments ; humble talent and honesty secured by the Paymcut of Members , and the present unequal and anomalous system of representation rectified by the division of the country into Equal Electoral Districts .

      Now , gentlemen , we are willing to unite with you on this common ground ; we have at all times been willing so to unite , the onus of disunion rests with those who have refused to accord to us the same political rights as they themselves possessed , or were seeking by our assistance to obtain ; the onus of disunion will still lie with you , if you arc still prone by the same juggle , for you may rest , assured that the experience ' of the past will not be fruitless in our further struggles to be free ; and , however we may be contemned and opposed by the factious , I hope the class to whom I have now addressed myself , will seethe utility of uniting with their brethren , who . ire thus willing to unite with them , for their mutual protection in the meantime , and the ultimate benefit of the whole human family . I am , with all due rospoct , Gentlemen , Your very obedient servant , ' . Mav 30 th , 1849 . Henry Ross .

      Untitled Article

      « a n > " . CHARTERVILLE . The ' ' bull-frog farmers , " as the immortal Cobbctt has it , continue their unrelenting hostility to the allottees ; and as the Curate of the parish of Minster Lovel hcis evinced a kindly disposition towards the allottees , and taken - up his residence at their school-house , and opened a school for the instruction of the children , whether resident at Charterville , Minster ,- or Little Minster , and otherwise exhibited acts of kindness to his poorer brethren ; the opulent farmers , however , have conspired against the Reverend Gentleman , with a view to liis removal from tho curacy , and have sent letters to the Rural Dean , and thereby endeavoured to incite the Bishop to remove him , on the pretext that his " impediment of speech " unfits him for the

      duties of a pastor ; but the allottees , gratetul tor past services , have rallied round their friend , and in them the Rev . W . Bryan has found a staunch supporter . From amongst them a council was formed , and application was made to the outgoing churchwardens , Messrs . Butler and Gillet , for the use of the vestry room , in which to hold a public meeting of the parishioners to memorialise the Bishop of Oxford on behalf of the Curate , but these gentlemen deeliued to let the parishioners have their own room to meet , in , and , in consequence , on "Whit Monday , a most numerous and highly respectable meeting of the parishioners was held in the church-yard , Mr . George Bubb , churchwarden elect , in the chair , who briefly stated the object of the meeting , when the following memorial , was proposed : —

      TO TUB BIGHT EEVEBEND FATHER IN" GOD , SAMCEt , ' LOUD BISHOP OF OXFORD . The respectful Memorial of the undersigned Inhabitants of the parish of Minster Lovel , in the county of Oxford . . . ¦ SHEWETII , —Tli . 1 t jour -memorialists have heard with much pain that application lias been made to jour Lordship to remove the Eev . Percival Wilmot Bryan from the Curacy of this parish . . . That your memorialists are deeply grieved to learn that your Lordship is said to have , expressed your pleasure to comply with such application , ¦ - That your memorialists beg with all deference to assure your" lordship that it is by . no means the wish of a majority of the parishioners that the lleverend Gentleman should be removed from the exercise of his sacred functions in their pariah . . ; . , ; , That the impediment of speech with winch the Reverend gentleman . is troubled is not such an impediment as to Srevent his following his holy ' Vocation'in . a . manner becoming the sacred character . ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦" . ' ¦ . " . /! . ¦ " !' *¦¦¦

      . , That your memorialists are of opinion that the Reverend Gentleman has now a greater fluency o £ speedr ; tlia , n when he first C Sjne amongst us . That the Reverend Gentleman , by visiting his flock , and by a reverential attention to hw pastoral duties , has won the esteem and affections of the > arishioners . ThUt he has established a school for the mtruction of our ebUtoen , ami by other n « t » of jsioto « eB ,

      Untitled Article

      worthy the character of a Christian minister , has subdued much prejudice , disarmed scepticism , and caused a . far better attendance at church than your memorialists ' believe would otherwise be the case - : That your memorialists are thoroughly , ( sincerely , and heartily of opinion that the Kev . Percival Wilmot Bryan , by his active piety , humility , and perfect Christian charity is eminently qualified for the pastoral c ; u-e ot the parish of Minster Lovel . Your memorialists therefore entreat your Lordship to take the case into your most serious consideration , and bless the parish of Minster Lovel by continuing to it the cervices of their much respected friend and pastor , Percival Wilmot Bryan , —prevent schism , —restore good and kindly feeling , —and ensure to yourself the prayers and blessings of the undersigned inhabitants of Ulnster Lovel .

      Messrs . Stallwood , Gilbert , Yousos , and Caulk , haying addressed the meeting in favour of the object for which it had met , the memorial was adopted unanimously by acclamation . On the motion of Messrs . Beattib and Russbll , is was resolved , — " That the memorial be signed as numerously as possible , and transmitted to the Bishop of Oxford , and that a copy be also transmitted to the Rev . Mr . Earl , vicar of . the parish . " On the motion of Messrs . Siallivood and Gilbert , a vote of censure was given to the outgoing churchwardens , Messrs . Butler and Gill , for their conduct in refusing the parishioners the use of their own room to meet in . A voto of thanks was then given to Mr . G . Bubb foi' his urbanity and impartiality , which was acknowledged , and the meeting quietly dispersed . The memorial will obtain the signatures of a great majority of the inhabitants .

      After tho morning mooting a party of the allottees , accompanied by the Rev . P . W . Bryan , proceeded to Wyohwood Forest , an immense tract of land , lying comparatively barren , though capable of sustaining many thousands of the starving poor—if the " idle lands" were only placed in the compulsory " idle hands "—and in true gipsy style swung their kettle , spread their cloth on the green sward , and helped themselves to cresses from the running brook . Having enjoyed tlieir repast , they proceeded to explore the forest , and almost envied the freedom of the herds of deer as they gracefully bounded by

      —contrasted the open forest with the enclosed and luxuriant portion occupied by Lord Church'll—paid a visit to the " field of industry , " a large space laid out , and let out at an annual rental to poor husbandmen , which showed , that even the forests could be turned to great advantage , and that " tho poor might cease from out the land , " had we but a government elected by , and acting for the people . The party returned to Chartervillc , having enjoyed the rational pleasures of Whit-Monday afternoon , more than ever determined to press forward for tho achievement of political , social / and moral reforms .

      Untitled Article

      PUBLIC MEETINGS . JOURNEYMEN BAKERS' SHORT TIME MOVEMENT . A public meeting of the Operative Bakers' Society was held at Zion . Chapel , Union-street , adjoining Whitechapel Church , on Wednesday evening , to take into consideration the present degraded state of the journeymen bakers , and to petition parliament to pass the bill about to be introduced to the House of Commons by Lord Robert Grosvenor for tho abolition of night-work in the baking trade . The chair was taken by George Thompson , Esq ., supported by Luke James Hansard , Esq ., Jos . Payne , Esq ., Rev . Chas . Stovel , Mr . Jehn Glennie , son ., and Mr . Thos . Webber .

      Mr . G . Read read tho report of the proceedings of the society since the last general public meeting , at which Lord Robert Grosvenor presided . It stated that at Glasgow , Exeter , Bristol , . and numerous other places , the public had sympathised with the society and signed petitions in great numbers . Mr , Geouok Thompson said that the object of tho proposed bill was to confine the labour done in bakehouses between the hours of four o'clock in the morning and six o ' clock in the evening , with the exception of some easy duties which were essential to tho proper conduct of such establishments . He thought this a most reasonable- 'demand . He lamented that there should exist any necessity for such a bill , and hoped the day was not far distant

      when there would not only be such a reduction of the hours of labour as was contemplated by the proposed bill , but a very large reduction of the remaining hours . Somehow or other man had contrived , either influenced by covetousness or goaded by necessity , to double and quadruple the primeval malediction , " that he should eat his bread by the sweat of his biw . " He did not believe that it was necessary in a community like ours that any man should be called on to toil to such an extent as they did , whose benefit was contemplated by this bill , who laboured eighteen and twenty hours out of the twenty-four . The grout objection which could be urged in tho House of Commons against the bill would be , that it would be establishing a dangerous precedent , and ttiat other trades would come forward and ask for a similar bill , but he trusted that a case would be made out of such imperative

      necessity that , irrespective of future contingencies , the measure would be passed . Mr . Webber , a master baker , moved the first resolution : — " That the meeting deplored the existence of the present system of night-work , of unlimited hours of labour , carried on in the bakingtrade , which was proved to he productive of a great amount of demoralisation , misery , degradation , and premature bodily decay , to a large and important class of the community , and inflicted a flagrant wrong on those employed in tho baking business , by depriving them of the necessary time for mental , moral , or religious improvement , or even rational enjoyment or recreation , and that it was the duty of ' all persons to assist in eradicating tho evil . " He contended that this was a masters' question , as well as a journeymens ' , and that as there was no chance of coming to any arrangement , it was necessary to apply to parliament .

      Mr . Glexxie , a master baker , seconded the resolution , which was also supported in a humorous speech by Mr . J . Payne , barrister-at-law , and carried unanimously . Mr . Luke J . Uaxsard moved the second resolution , pledging tho meeting to petition parliament to pass the bill introduced by Lord Robert Grosvenor , and requesting the metropolitan members to support it . The Rev . Cius . Stovel , M . A ., who described himself as having been a journeyman baker , seconded the resolution . It was also supported by Mr . Allison , and unanimously adopted ; and , after thanks to the Chairman , the meeting separated .

      Untitled Article

      THURSDAY , May 31 . f «? f J- 0 F cOMMONS .-Canada .-rn reply of Anr-n *!*™™ " ' who alludcd t 0 the Plication of the Canadian papers in the Times neffspaocr before they were mthe hands of the members , * Mr . Hawes stated that the papers were not delivered to members on account of the holidays No favouritism was shown to any particular newspaper . In this case applications had been made for earlv copies by the newspapers , which hai been acceded to ' as soon as they were printed ; ami in many cases it was most important that the government should avail themselves o : the gr . at publicity which the newspapers afforded for making tlie public acquainted with , i mportant public documents . ( Cheers . ) SurrLY . —On the motion for the consideration of the report of tho Committee of Supply ,

      Sir II . Wiuouohbt rose to more , pursuant to notice , a reduction of £ 50 , 000 in the nnvy estimates , with reference to wages and artificers . The vote of last year was £ 851 , 000 , that was reduced to £ 811 , 000 in the estimates of the present year , being a reduction of £ 40 , 000 , and what he now proposed was to reduce chat amount by £ 50 , 000 . He held in Ins hand the expenditure for the last lew years , but he could see no such sum as this as ever havinc been demanded of the House of Commons nnder J \ o . b . Take the seven years from 1835 to 1842 , p 1 nA ^ 0 lm ( * t lie average somewhere about * M 0 , 0 Q 0 , while in the seven years from !• - £ n t 0 the P ' esont time , tho average was ± . ( 01 , 000 . Therefore that proved at once tho vote

      now demanded from tho House was considerably m excess of the average of the last seven years , and at a period too during which thev had been what was called creating a steam navy . * The same was the case with regard to the workers and artificers ; for he found b y the returns that the number of men employed in the dockyards had increased from 9 , 000 men in 1842 to 13 , 0 U 0 in 1843 , exclusive of convicts ; so that , both in point of men and money , there had been a continual increase , and he therefore wanted to know how it waa that the Admiralty had not complied with the recommendations of the Committee which had sat upon this subject . It really was high time that the matter was looked into . With a navy , consisting of 70 vessels , of upwards of 72 guns each .

      they had a steam navy of 5 , 000 horse power , and he wanted to know where the limit was to stop ? How long was this extravagant waste of the public money to go on ? At all events , some explanation was due to tho House from the Admiralty , and ho now felt it to be his duty to call for it . He had to ask on what principle this enormous expense had been regulated ? He admitted that there might be danger of war ; but there was another danger , that of disgusting the people of this country at theenormous amount of our taxation ; and lie thought no member would be bold enough to get up in his place and say which of these two evils was tho greater . The hon . member concluded by proposing the reduction of which lie had given notice . Mr . Godson seconded the amendment .

      Sir Francis Bamxo , who was heard very indistinctly in the gallery , was understood to say that if the proposed reductions were made , other expenses , almost equal in amount , would have to be incurred . He did not think that our steam navy was more extensive than was necessary ; already a reduction of £ 86 , 000 ( wo understood ) had been made in the wages of the artificers , and a further reduction oi £ 10 , 000 in the wages of the officers . He quite agreed with the lion , member ( Sir II . WilloughbyV that every possible economy ought to be practised ! m . the expenses of the navy ; but , at present , it would be impossible to make the reduction which , had been proposed . Mr . Henley supported the amendment .

      Left Speaking . ( From our Second Edition oflastiveelc . J THURSDAY , May Hi . HOUSE OP LOBWS . —Savioation Laws . —The House went into committee on this bill . Amendments moved by the Earl of Ellenboiiougu and Earl Waldeobave having been negatived on a division , by a majority of 13 in one instance and 12 in the other , Lord Stanley declared , that after what had taken place , and tho extraordinary measures resorted to by the _ government to secure a majority , he would no longer oppose the furthor progress of the measure .

      Lord Wharncliffe also withdrew an amendment of which he had given notice , and the bill went through committee , and is ordered to be reported this day . Adjournment of the House . — Tho Marquis of Lansdowne gave notice that he should move that , at its rising this day , the House do adjourn to Monday , the-4 th of June . HOUSE OP COMMONS . —Vote by Ballot . — Mr . Heniiy Behkelei moved for leave to bring in a bill to enable tho votes of parliamentary , electors to bo taken by ballot . After adverting to tho success which his motion had met with last year , he urged upon the-House tho propriety of following up its voto on that occasion by now permitting him to introduce a measui ' e to carry that voto into effect . In support of his proposed measure ho recapitulated the arguments with which ho had last session supported his motion , and quoted Conservative as well as Liberal authorities in support of the ballot .

      Mr . John Williams seconded the motion , illustrating the necessity which existed for the adoption of the ballot , by describing the system of intimidation practised upon tenants by their landlords , upon traders by their customers ^ and upon workmen by their masters . Mr . ' Gr . ANTLiiY Berkeley supported the motion , ami road a grout number of letters from tenants ot Lord FJtzhardinge , to show the intimidation under which they suffered , and from which the ballot would rescue them . Amongst those who voted for the ballot in 1842 were Sir G . Grey , Captain Berkeley , Lord Marcus Hill , Mr . Tufnell , Admiral Dundas , Mr .- Sheil , and other occupants of the Treasury bench . Ho trusted that tho motion would have the support of tho same honourablo members on this occasion .

      Mi \ Fox supported the motion with reluctance , thinking it unfortunate that , si mattei « hieh formed but a mere branch of a greater scheme should be brought forward alone , instead of in combination with those other measures which were all necessary for the purification of our representative system . He trusted , however , that tho House , for the sake of its own consistency , would not refuse to receive the Bill . . After a few words from Sir ' ITakrt Verkey , and from Mr . H . Berkeley in-reply , the House divided , and the numbers were—For tho motion 85 Against it ... 136 Majority against 51 So the motion was negatived .

      Government of ' Colonies . —Mr . Roebuck then in a speech replete with historical details respecting the principles of colonisation , moved for leave to bring in a bill for the better government of certain of her Majesty's colonial possessions . Mr . Qawes followed in reply , stating his reasons for opposing the introduction of the measure , which were grounded en no desire to resist a change , when any change should be found necessary , but on the ground of the impracticability of the plan propounded . Exclusion of Strangers . —Col . Tiro-vrso . v , after a short discussion , at the suggestion of Sir G . Grey , withdrew his motion on the subject of the exclusion of strangers from the House , the proposition buing that the right of exclusion sliouJd rest with tho House , and not with nn individual member . Tkien \\ ialParliaments .--Mi \ D'Eyncoui ! t brought in the bill for shortening the duration of parliaments , which was read a first , and ordered to be read n second time on the 27 th of June . The House then adjourned .

      ( From our Third Edition oflastweehj FRIDAY , May 25 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Bill for the Protection of Women was read a second time on the motion of the Bishop of Oxford . Their lordships then adjourned , HOUSE OF COMMOXS . —Parliamentary Rk-F 0 RM , —Sir J , Wauisley , in reply to Mr . Campbell , stated that it was the intention of Mr . Hume- to bring forward his motion on the subject of parliamentary reform on the oth of June . called the

      Navy Estimates . —Colonel Sibthorp attention of the House to the salaries of the principal officers of the admiralty . Ho proposed to " knock off" two of the lords , and io reduce tho salary of the first lord by £ 500 a year , and the salaries of the secretary and other officers , makings reduction in the aggregate vote of £ 3 , 550 . Sir F . Baring defended his own salary modestly , the other salaries with more confidence , and resisted , the reductions , _ showing tho diminution which had already been made in this item of expense . Ultimately , the motion was' withdrawn . The report having been agreed to , the- House went into a . Committee . of Supply on the Army Estimates , when certain supplementary votes were passed after discussion . The House adjourned at half-past nine o ' clock until Thursday next .

      Untitled Article

      Explosion at Fevkrsham . — "Sh& inhabitants of this town were much alarmed about seven o'clock on Saturday evening last , ' by the explosion of a powder mill , situate- on the stream , atthe ^ bottom of West-street , near the stone . bridee .- --The shook was rathor shasj . for the explosion" oii \ vhat is t ' called a green charge , tlje-mill , ' and also :. the : bed ; stone or trough , bemg dntenvtoipiec . , and the pondeioua runnw ov rollov * "i ^ njt : ih -SGvoral . places . It is , however , gratifying to state that no personal injury occur d ,

      Untitled Article

      Tire Late Attack on the Roman Republic . — On Monday evening a meeting of Italians , resident in London , took place at the Italian School , Grcvillc-strcet , Hatton-garden , to receive the report of the committee appointed to determine what measures should be adopted for the purpose of raising funds to relieve the wounded patriots , and the widows and families oftfiose who had fallen in the late conflict with tho French troops . Signor O . Villani having been called to the chair , congratulated the meeting upon the sympathy which had beon expressed in . behalf of his fellow-countrymen by the English nation , independent of the national feeling that had been displayed by the Italians who

      were resident in London . Signor A . Vischi , tho honorary secretary , read a long list of subscriptions , the total amount of which exceeded £ 200 . Among the contributors were Mr . M . Gibson , M . P ., Dr . Epps and family , Miss Cushman ( the American actress ) , Miss Eliza Cook ( the poetess ) , &c . The secretary also read several letters from Italians of distinction expressing condolence with those who had suffered from the-invasion , and a warm sympathy in their struggles against foreign interference . PorLAR and Limeiiouse . —On Tuesday night a meeting of the electors and non-electors for . the county of Middlesex and the borough of the Tower

      Hamlets resident in the parishes of Poplar and Limehouse , was held at the Poplar Literary Institution , for the purpose of forming and organising a branch association in connexion with the parent society . — Mr . Ockenden took the chair . —Mr . Linwood , one of a deputation from the parent society , addressed the meeting at considerable length , and was warmly cheered . —A series of resolutions were . agreed to , in accordance with the objects of the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association ; and of . the recognition by the . meeting of the principle of the Vote by Ballot , Electoral Divisions , and Triennial Parliaments ; and a vote of thanks was passed to the chairman .

      Untitled Article

      " *—^^ m ^ m : Attempted Murder . —A female of anything but prepossessing appearance , named Ann Christian , was on Tuesday brought before Mr . Maude , at the Borough Court , Manchester charged - . . with stabbing a toatman named Thomas . Brierly with a knife , hereby disabling him and inflicting other injuries . The parties , we ought to state , cohabit together , and on Monday evening had a quarrel , when the woman caught hold of a table-knife , and stabbed SSBS ^^«\« ^ ^ k ^^ S ^ IX ^

      m nded M . Maude that the prisoner was the same worn ™ whose depositions he ( the magistrate ) had hlTnrcas on tO take some short time ago at tta ISl Infirmary , in consequence of he JangerousSe n which ' . he lay f rom wounds inflicted unon her by the very man whom she had stabbed , ro thiUt appeared the tables were turned , and she had been the aggressor . Mr . Maude read both parties a lecture on their savage brutality , which he intimat ed would probably have a bloody termin . v tionone t ime or another , and he fined the female X , committing her in default of payment for two ths . ji Twin

      mon . , ... . No fewer than 3 , 770 refugees have aimed at Malta from Sicily , and it is consequently almost impossible to procure , lodinga in Yalettai

      Ftttjwial F Atitamtnt.

      ftttjwial f atitamtnt .

      Untitled Article

      I / June 2 , 1849 . ' - - — . ¦ . - - ¦ - ¦ . •• - — . . « .. ... . .. . ¦ : ¦; ¦ : i ; . ¦ ¦ ; ¦ : " THE -N 0 RT ' irm > - w stap

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 2, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1524/page/5/