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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st July 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 5, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      ¦ quarterl y cheque for their salaries . We should Hfbrtherhave no objection to take not ten hut Btwenty-fire per cent from the salaries of Ball the higher-paid Officers of State . Bin America the highest and most impor-¦ tant situations are filled by eminent men for Bless than one-half the salaries , in many cases » that are paid in this country . The President ¦ of the United States has jusf half the salary ¦ paid to our ambassador at Paris , and precisely gthe amount paid to Lord Johx Russell and iihe princi pal Secretaries of State . TVo think gthat the Marquis of 2 f oiQUXBr mi ght contrive , B ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ IIIIIIII ' IIII ''''''''''''''''''''*'''''**''''''* M *'''' IM ^*^^^^^^^^^^

      gto perform his ambassadorial duties very -well Bfer the same sum that is paid to the United BStates ^ Minister In London , namely , £ 2 , 000 pmetead of £ 10 , 000 ; and we certainly believe gfthat £ 3 , 750 a year paid to the Secretaries of g &tate , "would be a very ample allowance , apart Kfrom the consideration that that sum -will ra-eally now purchase as much in the market as B £ 5 , 000 , -would have done when the salary was g astfisod . Certainl y , if the operation of comattition and Free Trade is to reduce prices and Israges generally , there can he no solid reason Bsrhy the Government employes should 1 > d

      dx-Knipted from the operation . Mr . Henley got Bipwards of 100 members to rote with him , ranost of whom , however , we « re happy to say , Repudiated his proposal to cut down such Bpoorly paid servants as postmen and others . Blhe largeness of the minority ought to warn She Government to set their house in order , Kind to look at home when pondering how they Span meet the growing demand for economy . || n a short time the Income Tax will expire . glFheyniust he either prepared with well con-^ deredreductions tothat amount , orit will have Up-be renewed , and we suspect that any pro-Wposalot that kind will not meet with so

      favourable a reception as heretofore . It is a gross Bet of oppression and injustice io a particular glass of the community , and ought not to betoaerated for an hour longer than the duration «> f the present act .

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      [ ng > NATIONAL LA 3 HD CO 3 IPAKT . Programme of busixess to be sub-I . M 1 TTED TO COlsFEREXCE OX THE I 6 th OF AUGUST , 1 S 49 . § 1 . "Report as to lie general position of the iCompauy . I 2 . —Balance Sheet , and appointment of Auditing Committee . §} 3 . _ Whether the Old Company shall he

      inergedinto the New one , based upon the gprinriple of the Building Societies' Act . a 4 . —The best means of dealing -with such Subscribers as may be dissatisfied -with the g / ompany , or who may refuse to conform to the arrangements of { he Conference . I 5 . —Appointment of necessary officers to sarry out whatever arrangements Conference may adopt I < 5 . —Whether or no the Company shall he wound up .

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      f RECEIPTS OF § HE RATlOfiAL LAND C 019 PAHJ . M Fob the Week Exdixg Thursday , I Jew 19 , 1819 . It SHARES . m £ s . d . JE s . d . gOsmddtwistle .. 2 0 0 J . Guilfora .. 0 7 G EHottingham .. Olo 1 L Armstrong .. 0 2 0 Sagland .. OH 6 CJIowl .. 0 2 0 ptochdale .. 1 4 2 J . Visurs .. 0 5 6 KfcEden . .. 0 7 O . T . Ifocfee .. 0 3 0 Ml . Greenwood .. 0 2 0 fjL Gnflfcrtl 0 7 6 £ 6 30 3 i MONIES EECEIVED FOR THE I PURCHASE OF MATHON . 1 ^ Leeds .. 10 0 0 J . HID , Sheffield 00 0 0 gfi . . XL . London .. 113 4 J . L ., Manchester 53 10 0 EX * C / Cariisle .. 4 0 0 Jas . L ., Ditto .. . S 3 10 0 gy . S ^ Sowerby .. a 0 0 - g-a ' dapliai .. - 8 0 0 g ? "C - * g . P ., Elland ., 610 0 w ^—m TOTALS . l ^ d F und ... - 6 W J Ptathon f ... — J ™ - * iflan ditto ... ... •» " ° ° I £ 212 15 1 m W . Duos , C . Doile , H T . Clabk , Cor . Sec . H P . M'Ghaih , Fin . Sec .

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      LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES . LIII . " Words are things , and a small drop of ink Falling—like dew—upon a thought , produces Hurt wUclx makes thousands , perhaps millions , think . " birox .

      PROGRESS OF THE EEACT 1 ONNAIRES . ¦ BUOXHER PROLETARIANS , The march of the enemies of Humanity is rapid ; one by one' our strong positions are lost to us ; day by day tidings arrive that our friends are butchered , or prisoners , or fugitives . Emboldened by their victories the enemies of Freedom have thrown off all disguise , and proclaim openly their infamous designs . Their aim is to more than restore the tyranny of the past . They purpose to inflict a system of slavery upon the people more murderous and more corrupting than any description of serfdom yet imposed upon the "working classes ; and they will succeed unless prevented by

      TERROR . The people of France and Germany have now had a lesson which will surely not be forgotten should they ever again occupy the position they held in March , 1848 . Henceforth , when a country is in a state of revolution , the man who shall dare to preach " forbearance , " " moderation , " "forgiveness , " and "fraternity , " with the eternal enemies of justice , will , I trust , be scouted and punished as a public enemy . Between the proletarians and their natural enemies—the idlers and robbers of society—there must be neither peace nor truce . As well expect a sense of ustice and right to govern the actions of

      blood-Japping tigers and ravenous wolves , as hope to find any regard for those principles on the part of such ruffians as those "who'govern Franee at the present time . Day by day the traitorous majority vote the seizure of those members of the French As-. sembly whose honesty renders them inimical to the Government . "Wherever a leading patriot can be found , he is hunted down and flung into a dungeon . Well might Barbes , inspired by a too correct foresight , observe to his judges , — "What can I care about being shut up in a dungeon ? Its walls will prevent me Avitnessing the evils to mitigate which I am powerless . '

      u hat wonder that in the recent elections , the Democrats were in almost every instance defeated ? I am surprised not at their defeat , but , seeing that their journals are suj ^ pressed , and their leaders fugitives or in prison , I am surprised that they mustered any votes at all . Believing this to be a favourable moment to complete the counter-revolution , the Eoyalist , Buonapartist , and Bourgeois Conspirators are plotting day and night to strangle the Republic—that Republic which the perjured villains have sworn to defend . A week or two back , the correspondent of the London Globe

      announced with no little glee , that more than a hundred members of the Assembly were banded together and pledged to lnalce an immediate effort for the restoration of Monarchy . The correspondent of the Morning Herald of this day , announces that at the Bourse , and even within the walls of the Assembly , the conspirators are openly talking of the projected change of government , This same correspondent intimates , that the Republicans who are resolved to defend the present form of government , are to be branded and punished as " conspirators , " by those who are conspiring

      to destroy that government , should the latter get the upper hand ! Is not this the sublimity of villany ? The Herald ' s man adds , that "the immediate rumour of the day points to a prolongation of the executive power , and amodificalio 7 i of Universal Suffrage s and the names of very influential parties are cited favouring these ideas of change . " In its City article , the Standard of this evening reports that the counter-revolutionary conspiracy in Paiis is the subject of discussion amongst our

      money-mongers , who are anticipating that on the attempt being made to give the finishing blow to the Republic , a repetition of the scenes of ' 48 will take place in Paris . Our mammonworsliippers are speculating on seeing the EepubHcaEs the victims of another massacre like unto that over which Cavaignac presided in the four days of June . In fact , the usurers and blood-suckers of this country -are in alliance with their class all over Europe , and are in the thick of all the plots organised for the destruction of Democracy .

      I warned you in my last week s letter not to put trust hi the lying reports of the French papers ( repeated in the " Times'" and many other of our lying journals ) as to the joyful reception the French troops met with on their entry into Rome . I showed you how impossible it -was for the patriots who had survived that city ' s fall , and for the widows and orphans of the heroes who had shared that fall , to give any other welcome to the French than that which their crimes so well entitled them to : curses both loud and deep . I was right . You will find in this number of the " Star "

      ample refutation of the falsehoods of the French and English organs of our enemies . "You will see that the only cries with which the French were greeted were those of " Death , to Oin > i-UOT « " " Down with tlio priests ! " " Viva ntalia ! " " Yiva la Eepublica liomana !" You will read of the unarmed men who , bearing aloft the flag of the Roman Republic , bared their breasts to the bayonets of the French , crying : — " Strike us—kill unarmed men , ye infamous papal assassins !"

      The brigand Oudikot attacked , besieged , bombarded , and entered Rome , to ( as he said ) restore • order aud liberty . " Behold his order and liberty . The Roman Assembly elected by Universal Sufirage he has dissolved by force , driving the members from their hall at the point of the bayonet . He has planted loaded artillery in the streets read y to fire on the people , should they give the least sign of commotion . He has suppressed the clubs and forbidden public meetings . He has put down the journals and established in their stead one sole sheet of libellous lies , published to insult the Romans and laud their Algerine conquerors . He has dissolved the Civic Guard . He has

      decreed a general disarming . He has ordered that all public places shall be closed , and the people , be driven from the streets by force at nine o ' clock every evening . • You want order , "says Ocdinoi ' s Man-Friday , General Rosxoian— "You want order , inhabitants of Some , andlwillguaranteeittoyou . " Yes , the " order " of military terrorism . The unblushing hru gand adds : — " Those who intend to prolong your oppression shall find in me an inflexible severity . " Good ! TVho are the oppressors ? EOSIOLAS himself , his fellow cut-throats , and then * most worthy leader Ocdinot . TVho could be surprised if they were treated to a dose of " inflexible severit y" on' ^ 9 p arl ©

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      the victims of then * oppression . Oubinot stil pretends to talk about " a factious minority , " from whose rule he has released the Romans . He knows that he lies . The immeasurable hatred of the people upon whom he at present tramples , he is too well aware of ; his " measures of repression" testify his fears . You will see that the city was not yielded until not the hearts , but the ammunition of the Romans failed them . I speak of the

      Roman people who , with Garibaldi and his heroes , would have fought the assassins hand to hand in the very streets of the city ; but there was division in the ranks of the city ' s defenders . What I anticipated in my last week ' s letter proves to have been the fact : the middle-class shrunk from the last struggle . Perhaps it is as well that that last struggle was avoided ; as it is , the mass of the Roman Proletarians are alive and ready for the next struggle .

      The letter of Mazziki resigning the Triumvership , when he found that the defence of the city was to be abandoned , and the address of himself and colleagues to the people announcing their resignation , are documents which will be long treasured in the grateful memory of every true Roman . The last act of the Triumvirs was not the least glorious of their official deeds . Mazzini has won for himself the admiration and homage of the people of every land . «

      One fact I rejoice at . The Pope has sent a letter of thanks to Oudinox and his army for their victory over the Romans , whom he designates "the enemies of human society . " Pius adds , that he offers up his prayers to the Almighty for Oudinot and the French army , and bestows upon both Ms " apostolic benediction . " Excellent ! Pius prays for and blesses murderers and ravagers who have filled

      " the capital of the Christian world'' with blood and desolation ! So sunders the last link which bound him and his office to the affections of the people . Eurrah ! Pius has sealed the doom of the vile superstition of which he is the principal representative . What Luther could not effect Pius has accomplished . That enslaving superstition which yet holds so many nations in thrall , is henceforth a thing of the past in Italy .

      Venice is yet unconquered , but her doom may be anticipated , Palsierston has refused to recognise that Republic ' s independence ; and , in reply to an appeal for assistance , has advised - submission to the Austrians . He takes his stand on the treaty of Vienna—a treaty Avhich has been over and over again violated . You will not heed my appeal , I fear ; nevertheless , with all my heart and soul I cry to you , to demand—nationally demand—that English force be sent to the Adriatic to sustain Venetian valour .

      Our unfortunate German brothers are discomfited , proscribed , and massacred . With the exception of the fortress of Rastadt , where the besieged Republicans yet maintain a hopeless strugg le , the Democratic cause is lost for the present , and okder reigns m Germany . The overwhelming force of Russia and Austria combined bids fair to accomplish the destruction of Hungary . The Magyars are reported to have suffered a defeat before Comom , and to have lost Pesth , Buda , and several other cities . Still all is not lost . The struggle—even should the Hungarians suffer defeat after defeat—must continue for some

      weeks yet , perhaps months to come . There is yet time for you to speak out , and declare that Hungary shall not be Polandised . If you are men—if you are not the most craven , selfish , heartless wretches on the face of this earth , you will for the moment concentrate all your thoughts , your energies , and your efforts in support of one object—the salvation of Hungary . You have permitted the assassination of Rome ; for the sake of Humanity do not be guilty of the like crime in the case of Hungary . Meet—assemble—agitate—petition —demand British intervention iu behalf of Hungary .

      Men of London , two meetings are announced for next week , in favour of Hungary ; one at the London Tavern on Monday , at 12 for 1 o ' clock ; and the other at the John-street Institution , on Tuesday evening , at 8 o ' clock . I trust you will attend in your thousands , and raise a cry for Hungary—a cry strong enough to rouse Downing-street to action—and loud enough to excite joy in the camp of Kossutii , and terror in the councils of the Kaiseu and the Tsae . L'AMIDUPEUPLE . July 19 th , 1349 .

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      PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANCIAL REFORM . Another district meeting of the members of the Metropolitan and Financial Reform Association was held last night in the Standard Theatre , Shorediteh , under the usual presidency of Sir Joshua "Walmsloy , M . l \ So great was the pressure for admittance , and . so large the number of persons disappointed , that it was deemed expedient to hold a branch meeting simultaneously at the British School-room , Cowper-street , City-road , under tl > e presidency of Mr . Wilkinson , the treasurer of the Association . Among the persons present on the platform of the original meeting , were Messrs . G . Thompson , M . P . ; L . Heyworth , M . P . ; John "Williams , M . P . ; F . O'Connor , M . P . ; W . Williams , ( formerly M . P . for Coventry ) , &c .

      The OjiAMM-i-V , after reading a loiter of apology from Sir W . Clay , proceeded to address the meeting . He entreated the working classes to show by their orderly and peaceful conduct , and by the moderation and practical character of their opinions , that they were fitted for the exercise of the franchise . He repudiated on the part of the association any desire to break faith with the public creditor , as had cnlumniously been imputed to them . Their desire was not to destroy the just rights of any class , but to do equal justice to all . They desired to enforce the strictest possible economy in every department of the state , to obtain a more equal distribution of taxation , to see property bearinff its iust share of the burdens which it" entailed ,

      to prevent the sinews of war from being squandered in a time of poaeo , and to extend the suffrage so as to make theflonse of Commons the fair exponent of the opinions of the whole country . ( Cheers . ) For these purposes he wished to see the middle and working classes cordially united , and not ' , as formerly , broken up into numerous small sections , some insisting for one thing , and some for another ; some contending for household Sufirage , others for manhood sufirage , and others standing out for the Charter , tho whole Charter , and nothing hut the Charter —( cheers ); each section following its own will , irrespective of the means by which its object could be obtained , and thus all fallin < y an eas ' v urev to the enemies of social

      improvement . [ A Chartist . —" Join us , then ! J Cheers . ) He begged those from whom that cry proceeded to mark what he said—there never was a time , in his opinion , in which there was a fairer prospect than now of progressive reform . The middle classes were disposed to aid them in obtainin < r an extension of the electoral list from 1 , 100 , 000 to 4 , 000 , 000 of voters , a more equal apportionment of members , the abolition of a property qualification , the establishment of the ballot , and a limitation of the duration of parliaments . He asked the Chartists , therefore , to join that movement , remembering that concession was not compromise . He begged to remind them that in high quarters a disposition had lately been manifested to repudiate finality . There was a shaking among the advocates of irresponsible power . Was it not worth while to make some personal sacrifices in order to take advantage them

      of these symptoms ? ( Cheers . ) He implored , therefore , to let all past animosities . be buried , and to let the fiat go forth that henceforth there was to be a union between the middle and productive classes , and nothing could withstand their efforts . ( Applause . ) . Mr . J . Hall then moved the following resolution : — " That the absence of a really . representative House of Commons , the preponderance of class legislation , the unequal pressure of taxation , the general extravagance of the public expenditure , and the consequences of these CTils , engendering discontent , and threatening disorders fatal to the political and social prosperity of this empire , render the combination of the middle and working classes for the attainment of the reform advocated by the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association , a matter of momentous importance to the state . "

      Mr . 6 . Offoh seconded the resolution . Mr . G . Thompson , M . P ., in supporting tne motion , expressed himself as being exceedingly sanguine respecting the present movement , and said he saw no reason wh y , if they were only united * they ihavli not acco . mDUs . tv the object in , xie , w . u&bjn . a

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      vory brief period . It was hopeless to expect any good from , the House ot Commons as at present constituted unless they were willing to wait ten years for one reform , ' fifteen for another , twenty for a third , and twenty-five for a fourth ; besides spending thousands of pounds in carrying on the agitation for each . ( Hear , hear . ) There were not more than eighty-four members in the present House of Commons who on any one occasion could be brought to vote for an extension of the rights of the people . In opposition to that small body there were six marquesses , eight earls , twenty-five viscounts , thivty-six lords , sixt y-one baronets , twelve honourables , fiftytwo generals , admirals , colonels , captains , and lieutenants—nil the placemen of course , and all the expectants , and all tho supporters of the church esta-Diuomoni

      . luear , hear . ) No wonder then , that the papular members were beaten ; and boaten the } would continue to be until it was unmistakably seen tnat they were backed by a united people out of doors for there wore plenty of men in that S T ° n S tIlin g at the top of the house which went round with the wind ( laughter ) - he W J ! i . CepJ cmi som <> of the eighty-four-to whom he liad rGferrcd-but whenever they found h * i £ f ^ f 8 H ' with « o haven of success in view a change of votes would soon be visi-S hI-,, ° Th ? h 0 IU gentleman then referred n , , > iMfCfeS 3 of ™ wersal suffrage in the SSSiwS ^ V and . eojitended that the unssr rts . wvr& . vs

      tnat tne manner in which those' dutiesTweVc d s-C KfTf OnCO fho bcst P «><> ft that they wci not unfitted for political power . The man who guarded Coutts ' s bank in the Strandwithoutbetravingltto the midni ght burglar . might surely be trusted to give his vote in Covent-garden for the members for Westmi nster . ( Cheers . ) But the fact was that the ignorance of the people was a mere pretence . It was not because the Legislature dreaded the ignorance' of the people that they withheld the . franchise . from them , but because they knew they were intelligent . ( Cheers . ) If they really deserved the name of the swinish multitude , and would allow themselves to be led by the nose like asses , he made bold to say they would not long be left without the franchise . ( Hear , hear . ) He felt convinced that there was no country in the world where , the suffrage might be so safely extended as in this .

      Mr . .. Williams also spoke in support of the motion , dwelling principally upon the inequality of electoral districts , the bribery which prevailed in the smaller boroughs , and the extravagant expenditure of recent years . He averred that if the government were to reduce the expenditure to what it was only four years ago , under their predecessors , they would be able to abolish the window-tax , and also the duties on soap , butter , cheese , paper , and advertisements . Mr . F . O ' Connor , M . P ., next addressed the meeting , and was received with loud cheers . He came not there to throw the apple of discord

      amongst them , but to extend the olive branch of peace . ( Cheers . ) If this had been an alliance between capital and labour he would not have * come there , or if it was a mere question of financial reiorm he would not have been there , but because it was an alliance between mental labour on the one hand and manual labour on the other he was among them . ( Cheers . ) Some allusion had been made to physical force that night . One gentleman spoke of 100 persons going down to frighten the House of Lords . The Chairman begged Mr . O'Connor ' s pardon . He did not understand that the least allusion had been made to physical force . ( Hear , hear , )

      Mr . O Coxxob did not mean to attribute to the speaker anything like an inclination to use physical force . All he desired was , that he hoped no allusion would ever again be made to the real Chartists as advocates of physical force , because a few wild persons , who called themselves Chartists , had used violent language , which frightened any other party from joining with them . He believed that tho taxpayer woula-never receive justice from parliament till he possessed the franchise . He believed the working classes wore now prepared to admit to them ( the middle classes ) that they could not do without them . ( Hear . ) They were p l eased at so large an extension of the suffrage , whilst tho abstract right of every man to possess it was not denied . It was said that the people were ignorant , and that they

      were unfit for the suffrage . But their enemies were afraid of their intelligence , and not of their ignorance . All that the Chartists ever wanted was that the rich might bo richer and the poor rich by the development of the national resources . ( Hear . ) The shopkeeper had heretofore been somewhat opposed to the working man , but would they not be much better off if instead of the 10 s ; a week the working man had the £ 1 or 30 s . a week ? ( Hear . ) They might be quite sure that the interest of the shopkeepers ana of tho working men is the same , and when they were once united and thoroughly in earnest , Lord John or Sir Robert Peel would be outbidding each other for their favour . ( Hear , hear . ) It was supposed that the old feudal system was broken down by free trade measures and * other

      largo measures , but ho did not believe in that . The feudal system still existed in this country , and it must be entirely done away with before tho people could be prosperous . How could they be prosperous when they paid millions for the maintenance of an army in time of peace , and paid such high salaries to their functionaries ? ( Hear . ) The . Times —[ hisses ) —a paper \ ylnch they might believe —( " Xo , no" )—a paper which they might believe , but which he did not believe , said that they could not cut down these salaries because the secrets of the home office and the other offices would be exposed . They were supporting , then , a government of detectives and spies . But after all the real question for the working classes was tho improvement of their social condition . ( Hear . ) Sow ' ho did not think that their

      social position could ever be improved till they possessed the political rights to which they were justly entitled . They had idle labour , idle land , and idle money in this country , and a country in such a condition could not prosper . Lord J . Russell asked him in tho House of Commons what he meant by making the working man the first partaker'in his own industry . All ho meant by it was , that the tax gatherers should not pick away all the flesh and leave him the bone . ( Hear , hear . ) They had been promised peace , retrenchment , and reform . Kovr , their peace consisted in paying as much money as if their was a war ; their retrenchment consisted in a permanent addition of £ 11 , 000 , 000 to the national debt ; and then ' reform consisted in nothing at all . ' Hear , hoar . ) There must now be a perfect union

      between all classes ; and when ho saw Sir James Graham and other members of the Peel party about to join the Whigs , ho thought it full time that there should bo a union of reformers to . meet their combinations . ( Hear . ) Ho had been anxious to address the meeting , because that was probably the last occasion on which he would ever appear on a public platform . ( Cries of "K " q , no , " and cheers . ) He had been a political agitator for twenty-seven years , and if he could feel assured that he ha'd succeeded in bringing about an alliance , between tho intelligent shopkeeper and the manual labourer , which was founded upon their mutual dependence , ho should be more than repaid for all his labours . It was a comfort to him , on' retiring into privacy ,

      that ho had never made a speech with any pthqr purpose than that of benefiting the poor . It was his pride that he had never travelled a mile , nor eaten a meal , at the expense of the poor . ( Cheers . ) He had devoted his time , his energies , and his efforts to their cause until- he- had grown prematurely old , though not too old to advocate a cause by which he thought the country would bo benefited . While in parliament he believed no man had evev possessed more of the public confidence than he had done , and he was proud to say that he left the stage of public life with the --character which he brought upoa it . ( Loud cheers . )' ¦ •" Mr . L . IlEYwomn , M . P ., strongly impressed upon the meeting the ' advantages of a system of direct over indirect taxation . The resolution was then agreed to ,, and the meeting broke up afc about half-past ten o'clock .

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      THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OP ' US * TJBD TBADBS FOR THE fBOTECTKW OF INDUSTRY AND THE EMPLOYMENT OF LABOUR IN AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURE . ¦ . ¦ ¦ Established 184 o . T . S . Duscombe , Esq ., M . P ,, President , The tide of reaction flows steadily on , The reunion of upwards of 800 of the Carpet Weavers of Kidderminster and Bridgnorth , announced som e time back , lias stimulated tho remaining portion of those engaged in that important branch of manufacture , and we shall soon have the satisfaction of numbering in our Uuion the groat hulk of the carpet trade ot England—and we hope of Sc ^ ' -iad—for it is manifestly the interest of those engaged iu tho carpet trade , that the most perfect equality of prices , and tho best possible understanding , should exist between those engaged in that trade , in whatever part of the kingdom they may he located .

      The most powerful weapon in the hands of the employers ; for the depreciation of the value of Labour , is the competition which is created and fostered between workmen in the same trade in different parts of the country . It is therefore a matter of . the greatest importance that the most friendly and uninterrupted communications should constantly take place between the men employed in different localities , whereby the wages of Labour in aiiy trade could be easily regulated by those in " whom the

      law recognises the right to do so , the working men themselves . These observations areequally applicable to every trade in Great Britain ; and it may be safely affirmed that no union of Labour can be deemed satisfactory or perfect , which does not embrace within its bonds each distinct trade , comprising its sections in every part of the country , in one close combination , and the whole of the trades of Great Britain in a friendly and hol y alliance for their mutual aid and protection .

      On Tuesday , the 10 th inst ., at the urgent solicitation of the committee of tho Carpet Weavers , Mr . Humpubijbs addressed an openair meeting , which was attended by several thousands of the inhabitants of Kidderminster . Mr . HuaiPHiUES descanted upon the necessity of union for the protection of the interests of the . working classes . He gave examples of the numerous benefits which the National Association had conferred upon various bodies of working men who had maintained their connexion with the movement . He then—by contrast—gave several instances where extensive reductions had been enforced , when tho fact that certain bodies had withdrawn from the National Association ; had reached the ears of their employers .

      The wholfi proceedings were listened to by the numerous auditory with the most profound attention , and a large accession to the numbers connected with the Association is promised as the result of the meeting ' . Several apj > lications have also been received during the week from bodies desirous of re-joining , and from others who are organising , with a view of giving iu their adhesion to the movement .

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      aion of members so employed or located , - miclit upon their leavirg the establishment , - be chang ed at the option ot the Directors , into the common currency of the realm . Such IS an Oiltiino of the immediate- and pvospectivc measures , to which we prny the calm , earnest , and thoughtful attention ¦ of the Trades . There is ample time for discussing them previous to tho next Conference , and giving the delegates full instructions upon the subject lie id observed , that the propositions now made are sub mitted in no dogmatic spirit . In , let ; ul , they may be susceptible ot considerable alteration and hnprovement ,. and the Central Committee ' will gladly hail every suggestion to that effect , from whatever quarter , as the act of a fellow worker in a great and holy eiuiso . But lot ihota be no del .-iy , jio coldness , no apathy , no holding aloof on this question . It is the all in all to as . liy this means or none , shall we be able to achieve the permanent improvement

      of our class . Beginning thus quietly , but determinedly , to lay the foundation of a new organisation of labour , by our own energies and resources , steadily carrying that organisation out , and withdrawing through its instrumentality tho surplus labour out of the competitive market , we should , In a short time , not only impose more equitable terms upon the capitalist , but li ght up a beacon which would guide the whole of thu workin g classes into the haven of complete social freedom ? What power . could resist the public opinion , which would be . created by such establishments ? What trade would not eagerly employ its resources in the same rational and beneficial manner ? And at length the government would h ' nd it impossible to withstand the mighty impulse that , from one end of the country to the other , would demand a reconstruction olthe primary elements of all wealth , in such a manner as to produce the general benefit of all classes of the community , instead of the present insane and most destructive misapplication of these

      dements . In conclusion , the Central Committee beg dis ~ tinctly to state , that it is not intended by this plan to interfere in the slightest degree with the Association for the Protection of Industry . It will continue to perform * all the duties now fulfilled by it , and to afford to the trades , in cases of dispute , the same services by way of mediation , support , and employment as it now does . All that we propose is to complete the original organisation of the Association , and to be in a position effectually to achieve the great and glorious objects which its founders had in view . To your posts , then , working men ? Think of the immense responsibility you owe to your class and to posterity . Think of the doom of toil and of

      suffering ) 'ou will bequeath to your offspring should the present horrible system be permitted " to continue . Think of the enormous latent and undeveloped powers at your disposal , which , well and wisely combined , are .-imply sufficient to achieve your com plete emancipation . Be determined , in this most vitnL of questions , to be true to your character as workers . No longer talk about liberty , achieve ifc byyour own earnest practical exertions . Work for it in the mode hero laid down , and the foundation of a system will be laid , in which the bright visions of prophets and poets will be fulfilled , humanity at large bo elevated—physically , morally , and intellectually—and the sun , iu all its round , shall nofc shine on the palace of a tyrant , nor the cottage of a slave !

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      MR . KYDD'S TOUR . TO THE EDITOR OT THE NORTIIEUS' STAR . Dear Sib , —I intended to hare written to you a long letter , but I am unwell , so much so that I am mi&tfor any labour , mental or physical . Of Intel have suffered from occasional turns of mental and physical prostration ; gentle hints , I suppose , from Dame Nature , that I , like her other children , must bo careful of tho physie . il man . I » m not able to write to you afc length , and some of my correspondents must overlook my seeming neglect , in not replying to their letters . One or two prominent points I must notice , tbe fillings-up to come some other day . During my sojourn in Northumberland and Durham , I lectured in the ehief towns of the district . The fine evenings , races , regattas , &c , were arahist

      my meetings ; on the whole , however , they were not failures , and I have good reason to believe the results have been desirable . I left the north , to attend the annual camp meetings in Lancashire , on Sunday last , but faithfully promised to return . There are evident signs of another great movement among tho miners of the north . Petty despotisms , followed by partial strikes , . iro everywhere common , and among tho ~ workmen tho words are often uttered : — " We want union men , " and they never fail in receiving- a response . They are-words alike of the heart and head . Oppression—foul , black oppression—is rank , and from it good or ctj'J may come . If an united organisation be attempted , its leaders skilled in their work , preaching patience as well as union , the gaihcriii !; passions of hatred antl

      revenge will bo cheeked for a time , either to burst into a fiery madness—fearful as powerful—to succumb after a protracted struggle— " A great strike , " or to aid in rectifying wrongs , and benefiting the true interests of labour ; all depending , of course , on the judgment of tho loaders , tho patience ; iiid sense of the colliers , . ° . nd the counteractions of the capitalists . The minors , as a body , avo oppressed ; The leading Reformers of the working classes , are everywhere being united—social and political , literary and moral . If they have no association ? , they arc united by sympathy , and act in concord . 1 observed this feature of tho times first in Glasgow , and have sineo found it in . almost ev cry other Fowl ) . Tho leading minds are moving in the same directions . Five years ago they wore apart , but increased thought has iorced all tho thinkers to

      unite , for tho common good of humanity . From this apparently unnoticed union , will conic greater changes than some observers seem to know ; it will grow greater every year , its history will be written in the words " toleration , union , right . " The French Revolution of 1848 , and the subse * qucnt events on the continent , have stirred tho minds of the people to the importance of foreign politics . It has tended to make our workmen geographers and historians , and wil \ one day help to make them statesmen . Formerly , we were ' too isolated , hemmed in by tho sea , we acted as if there was no land beyond its boundary . Foreign polities were known but to tho few , and horrible atrocities were practised in the name of England ^ of which the majority of Englishmen knew nothing . Jfo wonder that the name of England was hated bv the Dconlc of other lands , and was but another

      name for Ruffian among the nations of the earth . Tho future will one day be different . The names of Hungary and Koine are on every tonsfue ; Mazzini is the idol of the democrats—so dignified , so calm , so just , in days of trial and hours of peri ) , how can it be otherwise ? Rome ! we who have never seen thy churches , thy monuments , nor thy children , yet love tl \ co . Thou art still eternal , greater than of old , Itionzi was not the last of thy Triumvirs ; from St . Peter's to the banks of the clear Tiber , you heave to be free , and we of the mine and the factory , tho workshop and the plough , rejoiec in thy nobility . Traitors and assassins liare entered thy gates and called themselves tho friends of order . Vile prostitution of words—we know them , and we feel for tliec ; they are the hirelings of ambitious villains , the slaves of fiends , who neither deserve nor receive respect from us . We wish them one and all speedy exile or death . Success , to the Ilnnjr . arians ' llussia and Austria have tso long

      lorded it over millions . The Enelish democrats have an aversion to petitioning' the House of Commons on any question . " All is right , " saith the minister ; " all is wrong , saith the philosopher . " Contentment , '" exclaims the premier ; " prosperity , " echoes Sir Robert . Listen —society is fast outgrowing its garments , the Houso of Commons has ceased to bo part of its thought . Men progress—the TYhigs arc stationary—social theories are discussed ¦ without that a ? c forbidden , within the walls of the Senate . For years did tho people complain to the Commons , bat they complained in vain—weary of stale common-placessick to the soul of mouthing phrases—morose in sullen anger—and Indignant at vacant laughter , men have betaken themselves io their own thoughts ; : House of Commons , ( Commons House , sham—cheat—it partakes not . it all of the people ; ifc is ' the . junior branch of a hug&ald oligarchy , and England is fast preparing to dispense with ib . Samuel Kytdd .

      Tot&navden , July 17 . T . 8 . Tho Lancashire cr *» p meeting ; was a glorious sight . On Sunday n « xt I lecture- i n Leeds , on France , Hungary , and S&mo ; and ,, if convenient , will fulfil my long promised visifc to Holmfirth , on Wednesday and Thursday next . Parties wishing to . write to me ,, must do so not later than Monday afternoon , ani' address to vhe post-office , Leeds . Tours , trul y * - ¦ ¦•¦ g . K .

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      IJKFBESF . NTAT 1 ON &P BOSTOX .- —TU £ SDAY . —The l'efivewnt of Sir Jaflaes Duke frojj * the representation ot this borough fcas taken us > fey surprise . At . pre-. , " seat no address , has been issued , though there appoars little do * bt but thai Mr . D . W . Wire will be , again brouj&t forward by the Ultra-Radical and . Dissenting faction . Tlve moderate . "Whigs , tke sur » porters of Sir James Tt&Ve , will not linito with Mr . Wire , and in all probability the Hon . * Dudley Pelham , ( brother of the Ear * of Yarborougii ) will be induced to contest the va . oan . fc seat upon »»¦ Liberal-Conservative" principles ; there ¦ will b& little doubt of his return . The Conservatives talk of bringing forward either Sir Henry El ^ a or Mr . James Ban ks Stanhope , lato sheriff of tho countyt on Frotecfcionisfe principles . Captain l ^\ ham wi ^ ree ^ il ^ RP : port of the Tory party shouldim ^ Boafl ^ m . come forward . ^ V ^^ T ^^ J Poverty is the offering of se&l /^ A ^ Vm _•< ! i / . /\/ xv 7 V . iaW-. ' / . « ,

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      FOR MRS . JONES . Received ly W . Bideb—D . Morrison , Sirindon New Town , Is . ; H . H ., Ditto , Is . ; B . S ., ditto , Cd . ; P . Brown , surgeon ,- Failsworth , near ilanchester , 2 s . 6 d . ; J . Stansfiel 4 Botherham , Is . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . -Received ly W . Eideh—J . Irving , Aslibj- de la Zouoli , Gd . ; J , Kerr , Ditto , Cd . ; A . Smith , Ditto , 6 d . ; collected at Dodford , per W . Rudhall , 3 s . Id . ; NewRadford , per J . Saunders , 2 s . 9 d . ; J . Mayman , Bamsgate . 3 s , 6 d . ; W . Lewis , Queen-street , Sofco , Is . 10 d . ; Birmingham , Shi p Inn , per J . New-house , £ 1 10 s , ; Long-ton , Staffordshire , per \ Y "Wilson , 9 s . FOR KIRKDALE PRISONERS . Received * Igr S . "Kv »» . —Crag ' s Mill , per . Mr . Palmer , Cs . ad . FOR THE HUNGARI ANS . Deceived by TV . Bides . —Lynn , Messrs . Scott , Barnes and Porter , Is . 6 d . ; a few Democrats ,. Queen-street , Shei field , 3 s , 4 d , NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . Received by J . Ab-vott . — , Golden-lane , per Thomas Brown , Cs . fiid . ; Mr . Rider , as per Star , £ . > Us . 8 d . - Mr Homes , Sheffield , per Jlr . Hill , 3 s . CO . —Total £ B Is . Sid . John Arnott has also received from Mr . Thorae , Poplar , Giles ' s Manual of Algebra , Guide to Boulogne ( two copies ) , and two bottles of Dutch Drops , to be disposed of for the benefit of the Victims . I ^ " * ^**^^^^*^* ^^ ** ^****^*^**^^ ^ * *

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      CONDITION OF THE WORKING CLASSES . THE REMEDY . ( Continued from , the " Star " of the Uth inst . ) In this country , however , some difficulties have heon experienced by parties who have m ; ide attempts to carry out the principle of association by means of small contributions from a great number of subscribers , owing to the defective state of the law with reference to co-partnerships . The recent alterations in tho Friendly Societies Acts have tended to increase those difficulties , their evident object being to deprive the trades , and operative societies generally , of any legal benefits which

      enrolment under these acts was supposed to bestow . The discretionary power , formerly vested in the Revising Barrister atone , is now in reality invested in the Attorney-General for the time being . It is douhtful how far that officer might conceive such an Association came within the strict letter of tho law ; iind Are must add , that it is equally doubtful whether enrolment would give that full and efficient legal action to the Association , which it is on every ground desirable it should possess . Should Mr . Feargus O'Connor succeed in his endeavour to extend the provisions of these acts to the ^ National Land Company , the Odd Fellows , and similar Societies , it might then be a question how far it would be prudent to take advantage of ¦ its provisions . At present , wo fear , there is nothing to be expected from that quarter , and the process of Complete Registration under Mr . Gladstone's Joint Stock

      Company ' s Act , is by far too cumbrous , clumsy , and expensive , to be dreamt of in this case . It would , in fact , be hopeless to attempt it . It seems , therefore , that a spccis \ i act of parliament -would , under all the circumstances , be not only the most efficient and quickest , but also the cheapest mode of securing all the benefits and immunities of the law . Without such protection , neither the individual , nor the collective rights of the Association could be guaranteed ; ind maintained ; and , perhaps , at tho end of the first year , it would bo a judicious course to take such steps , under proper advice , as would secure an act of parliament before the purchase of estates , and tho commencement of reproductive industrial operations . This is so important a pointthat we shall make careful inquiries respecting it , and , in a future report , lay before the members the fullest information on the subject .

      With respect to the precise manner in which the funds should bo applied to realise the objects in view , it is , perhaps , premature to discuss that in detail . So long as the funds were secure during the process of accumulation , and measures were taken for tho purpose of giving legal protection and security to all parties in any subsequent practical measures , all the satisfaction would 1 ) 6 given that . 'illy well-wisher to his class ani any prudent business-man could desire . In the meantime , increased experience on the part of both directors and members , and frequent discussion of the subject , would gradually educate both in such a way that the decisions of the Conference , when tho

      time for action came , would be much better than any suggestions we can now make ; merely as a suggestion , however , but one which appears , under every view , a prudent , efficacious , and judicious course , the following outline may bo taken : — Supposing the fund collected and the Association prepared So commence industrial proceedings , we suggest that such a proportion of the money as may be required should be invested in tho purchase of small freehold estates in various parts of the country , in oilier that tlic widely spread members of the Association might , in case of need , not be at too great a distance from them , as they would be were one estate only purchased , no matter how central remainder of the fundto

      it mig ht be . The , gether with such an amount as it mig ht bo necessary to raise by way of mortgage on the land , might bo expended in tho formatioa of buildings for industrial colonies , grouped upon the following principle . In one establishment , hatters , tailors , ¦ shoemakers , and the trades engaged in cognate occupations , might be located . Great economy of capital and labour would be tHus effected , and all the arrangemonts might bo so contrived as to favour this ag « n-e « alion of > hnt nwy be termed the clothing trades . In Yorkshire , another establishment might be formed for weavers , dyers , dressers , slubbers , &c . ; and in Lancashire the machinery necessary for cotton manufacture , in its various branches , might be introduced ; thus providing in each locality for the peculiar and distinctive branch of industry in

      which the major portion of the population are engaged . , These establishments would , of course , be mutually self-helpful to each other ; the raw material worked up into webs , or the skins tanned and dressed in the manufacturing establishments , would be fashioned into articles of wear m others , and , so fi \ r as clothing was concerned , render the workmen independent of the external market , while tho cultivation of tho soil around each establishment would also render them independent as fav as the staple articles of subsistence were concerned . The surplus would constitute the stock from which , theindividuals who had contributed th& funds . would receive such money dividends as might be declared from time to time , or might form a fund for- - the-extension of such establishments , and the crcatiaa of yet more real wealth for the benefit of the werking

      man . Internally , we would liberate these establishments from all dependence upon the money rearket or the capitalists . The whole produce of th&establishment—whether agricultural , horticultural , manufacturing or handicraft—would be deposited in public stores . All the commodities not produced cither by tho establishment itself , or by : the other establishments of Urn Association , would 1 ) 6 purchased direct in the wholesale market ; the labour of eabh individual in the establishment should be fairly estimated , and after doducting for the rent of his dwelling , garden , &c , and a fair proportion for expenseBOf "management , the remainder should be paid in a paper currency , receivable at the stores of the Assooiation , and exchangeable into any kind o goods he might require for the wants of himself and lamUyv Any auraus of suoU money in tUero 38 ^*

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      The City Election . The Lord Mayor has consented to become a candidate for tho representation of the city of London . Mr . James Parker , Q . C ., of the Chancery Bar , has also signified his willingness to be put in nomination , upon being assured of the support of the Conservative party . - TooiSicr to bbHung . — The doctors are at wort trying to cure up a man in South Carolina , that he may be hung ' wrontisg to laWi

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      I July 211849 . THE ' NORTHERN STAR . , MMM . t / .

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      § 3 H The House of Commons has shown its antii ihilanthropic tendencies , and determined opi K ) sition to any legislation on behalf of Labour , g his "week , l > y its decided rejection of the Jourgeyman Baker ' s Bill . Lord B . Geosvenok , in gitroduchig it , drew an affecting and appal-Ifing picture of fhe evils generated T > y the prae-Plce of -working this class o £ men daring the

      EBight , a practice fi » r -which there does not exist gjie slightest necessity , and urged npon the flloase , that it had already in other instances ractcd npon the principle of protecting labour . || 5 nt Mr . Cobdex and the political economists lire in the ascendent . The moment that such measures are proposed , they raise the cry of g * Communism , " and talk about " the freepom of labour , " as if everybody did not Ifcnow the most help less of all slaves on earth lljrthe so called free labourer , -who is absogutely at the mercy ef the capitalists . His

      I pnly £ reedom consists in choosing the alternative of working for insufficient wages , under pirctnnstances that shorten and embitter his Hife , or of sinking into a pauper or criminal . ISo long as the master-class and political ecojSioniists , -trho profit "b y xisury , hare the monopoly of Parliament , so long will any beneficial legislation for the grievances of Labour he imipssible . It is like setting aParliament of grolves to legislate for sheep . The only nse gB-olres can possibly see in sheep , is to be Iprevcd upon .

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      m The much talked of nuisance , Smithfield plaiket , has heen the suhject of a debate in Bhe Commons after having formed the suhgect of an investigation hy a Select Committee . Ipiis is the second time it has been inquired Sntp , and on Doth occasions the Select Committee reported against its continuance . Mr . Eackix > "ox , the Chairman , in moving that She House should act on these reports , set

      Pbrth the injuries to public health and comfoit grhich arose from the crowded and inappropriate site of the Market , but failed in eliciting prom Government auy pledge that the nuigance should he removal . Mr . Mackinjton , giowever , is a -wonderfully accommodating H ; enilenian—he withdrew his motion , as he Sid not—good easy man—wish to embarrass flie Crovernment .

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      I The Commons work late and early . They meet at noon , and generally separate about jfcwo o ' clock the nest morning : one morning It iras nearly three ! An immense mass of Bills of one description or other are daily disposed of , but it would puzzle any one to estiinate their value or describe their intent . In proportion to the inability of the Legislature Io produce any great or beneficial measure ; its powers of giving birth to a Lilliputian progeny increases . We live in an age of small men and small things , the most conspicuous | 3 warfs being Lord J . Eussell and his Cabinet .

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      If EXECUTIVE FOND . BXMtavea fcvS . & >]> . -Newcastle , £ 2 3 s . ; Sumlerkna , ll fe ^ ^ rli ^ ton , 15 s . ; SvrahvdU 14 s . ; Camp . Meeting , Sfelegates , Todmorden , 10 s . ; lodmorden , per J . leel , gjtTd . || O R COST OF MACNAMARAS ACTION-^ Received at Iisd OmcE—Mr . Gasdey . 2 s . ; G . "W-, Jls . J m $ ~ ls . ; "HimipM'Grath , 5 s . ; WilliamDaon , 5 s . ; Thos . phrk , 5 s . ; Chnstopher Doyle , 5 s . — Received DJ _ J . SSisoTr . —¦ Whittingt oii and Cat , per B . Ifewlev , Cs . HeggExvecl by W . Rideb . —Collected at Dodford , per W . RudfaaU , Mj . J . Wells , \ Taterioo "town . Beltoal Green , Is . j "No \ - 5 § n 2 hain , per J . Sweet , 19 s . ; Kidderminster , per 6 . Hol i&mxv 4 s . 9 d . ; S . ilavertv , Clerkemvell Green , 2 s . Cd . ; J . Skennijton , Lougtrtwrougti , 6 d . ; collected l > y T . Clark , i | 13 * arousfa , Is . 2 i ; H . Tashley , Sheffield . Gd . ; W . Da-Igflson . Ajr . ls . ; J . Rusk , AF , 6 d . g " * VICTIM FUND . iHncrOTTpd br S . & »» . —Bury , per Mr . Jones , 2 s . Re-E « UtK Omct-Mr . nwd , 2 s . Cd . ; Phillip Elliott , "fr *

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      MEETING AT COWPER-STREET . In consequence of the oavly overflow of tho above meeting , and the crowds disappointed in obtaining admittance , tho council determined "upon holding another meeting at the same time , in the large room , Cowper-street , City road . Notwithstanding the hasty and necessarily imperfect arrangements made , the room rapidly filled , and before the termination of the proceedings was quite crowded . A deputation from , the council and other , gentlemen occupied the platform , among , whom were W .

      A . Wilkinson , Esq ., treasurer of the Association ; Sir P . Knowles , Bart ., O . Wordsworth , Esq ., T . Paris , Esq ., J . Matson , Esq ., Dr . Bowkett , Messrs . Jeffereys , J . Brown ; Hughes , Lawson , Carr , Dyson , Cox , &c . The Chairman ( W . A . Wilkinson ) in opening the proceedings , said that tho large meeting resulting from the overflow of the Standard Theatre proved the great interest taken by the public , in the present movement . The meeting was addressed by Dr . Bowkett , H . J . Atkinson , Esq ., Mr . T . Clarke , Sir F . Knowlcs , Mr . Towhscnd , -Mr . Matson , and Mr . Paris , and resolutions in furtherance of the objects of the Association were unanimously adopted .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 21, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1531/page/5/