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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st July 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      -under tbe notice of the-House of Commons last night by the Hon . F . H . Beiieley , one of the members for the city , out also amongst the ranks of the middling and upper classes . In the district of St . Paul the disorder has assumed the worst and most malignant form of . Asiatic cholera , death supervevenineln ayery few hours , and the corpse almost immediately becoming perfectly purple . Sir G . Grey stated last ni g ht that the facts mentioned by the hon . member ( Mr . Berkeley ) were much exaggerated . Sfr George evidently has had nothing in the shape of correct information laid before him , and I can s £ ate on the authority of Dr . Fairbrotber , one of the p hysicians of the Bristol General Hospital , that the facts so far from having been exaggerated actually fall far short of the reality . The total number of deatiis in the Rackhay have exceeded 30 ;

      in the neighbourhood of Hedcross-street from 18 to 20 ; and in Rosemary-street , Water-street , Philadelphia-street , « fcc , which are also adjacent to crowded burial grounds , the deaths have not been fewer than 20 within the last efeht days . In the district of St . Paul ' s it is impossible to arrive at the total number of deaths with anything like certainty , but the cases have been Tery numerous , and nearly everr instance has terminated fatally within a few hours . One lady was taken and died within two hours . Diarrhoja also prevails to a Tery great extent . Amongst other causes is the state of the floating harbour , situate in the most populous part of the city , which is such that to-day , shortly after a storm of rain , water drawn from it in bottles was found literally full of insects . This is most disgraceful to the city authorities , who have the remedy in their own hands .

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      FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE . ( Concluded from the Second page . ) Paris , Tuesday . —The prosecutions of members of the Assembly were not terminated as was sup-[ posed . Te&terdey M . Baroche asked authorisation [ to prosecute three more representatives—MM . Comtmissaire , Koenig , and Cantagr ^ for being concerned [ in the late events of June 13 . Urgency was dejinanded . I- Pahis . Wedxksdat . —In the Legislative Assembly f of Yes terday , after the departnre of the post , II . [ Bouchard presented the report of the committee [ named to consider the demand for authorisation to [ prosecute MM . Commissaire , Koenig , and CantaigreL The ballot was twice annulled from an insufficiency of voters , the Left having abstained . The i-fote * nll be again proceeded to this day . ! Several public functionaries have been arrested lat Alei , in the department of the Tarn , in consequence of the disturbances in that town .

      DENMARK ASD THE DUCHIES . Schxeswic , Jclt 9 . —In consequence of the news of tlie battle beforeTredericia , the regency have ordered a lew of all males from twenty-sis to thirty ¦ who are not already under arms . They have also presented a projet dc M to the Provincial Assembly , declaring that the liability to military service shall commence with the twentieth instead of the twentyirstycar , and ordering all youths of twenty to join the army forthwith . The Assembly unanimously -passed the law . Finally , a half brigade of the reserve has already marched northwards to fill up -vacancies in the ranks .

      The Danish version of the affair before Fredencia has been received here . According to one of them , the Danes had 800 wounded ; according to another , 1200 . The number of killed on the side of the Danes is not stated ; but it appears from this report that Gen . Rye , one of the most distinguished Danish officers , is among the fallen , and that at least 1 , 500 Lave been burled . The number of wounded on the Danish side is equal to that on our side , and so apparently is the number of the killed . The great loss in both armies speaks for the strenuous nature of the combat between forces so unequal . rcniuEnPARTicuLAKS . —The loss of the Schleswig-Holstein troops in the affair of the Cth proves to be much more serious than was at first admitted .

      According to the official returns the number of killed , wounded , and missis ? , amounts to 95 officers , 270 non-commissioned , ana 2 , S 0 O rank and file ; giving a total of 3 , 163 . The Danes also captured four sixpounders and an bight-inch field howitzer , independently of their having either captured , spiked , or rendered unserviceable nearly the whole of the battering train , which had not been destroyed or mutilated by the besiegers as they were driven from the trenches . General TJonin , commanding the routed troops , admits thathe was unprepared for the sortie , or , in other words , that he was completely surprised . His despatch is a very Jame production . Two or three of the Schleswi * battalions appear to have

      been completely cut up . Thus the 4 th lost twelve officers ( including surgeons ) , forty-two non-commissioned and 524 rank andfile killed , wounded , and missing . The 2 nd battalion , twelve officers , tliirtjsix non-commissioned , and 4 SS rank and file , with its baffsage , waggons , and field surgery . The -Till battalion lost twenty-four officers , but fewer men in proportion , non-commissioned rank and file 120 only . So we must suppose the officers stood their ground better than their men . On the whole , it has been a most sanguinary afiair , and has cost the belligerent parties ( supposing 1 . 100 Danes to have been put liors dc conibai ) a total loss of 4 , 309 men in round numbers .

      The Dailu News gives the following : — ARTICLES . OF PEACE BETWEES DEXUAKK . AXD TRTISSIA . We receive fi-om Berlin the following preliminary articles of this treaty : — " The duchies are to have a separate constitution for their legislative and internal administration , Schleswig separate also from Holstein , but leaving intact the union which connects the duchy of Schleswig with the crown of Denmark . " TLe definite organisation of ihe duchy of Sclile 3-¦ ni g is reserved for a future arrangement . The Enclish mediation shall be continued for that purpose . " The duchy of Holsrein shall remain in the Gorman confederation , and partake of the future constitution of Germany . And all material , but not political connexion , shall endure between Schleswig and Holstein . The King shall grant to the duchy of llolstcin a constitution .

      " After the conclusion of the definite peace , the King of Denmark is to take the initiative for negotiations relative to the succession in ihe duebies of Schleswig and Holstein , in accordance with the sreat powers . ~~ " Thecontracting parties will request the guarantee of the great powers for the future state of the uuehv of Schleswi * .

      UNITED STATES . tuichifOi progress or tut . cuoleua , —axascut in CALITORXIA . PniLADEtrniA , Jew 3 . —The mortality produced l » y the cholera in many of the Large cities of the United States , and the widely spreading prevalence and increase of the fatal pestilence , exclude almost every other subject from the public mind . In the west it is desolating beyond belief . Contemplate ? he condition of St . Loin ? , with more th . in 500 deaths last week , and 700 the week before—nearly all from cholera . At Cincinnati the deaths range from 100 to 150 per day , —chiefly amongst the German and Irish immigrants . At Louisville , there Trere seventeen cases In two small houses ( Irish ) .

      and fifteen deaths I The steamboats on the western rivers arrive at the different ports , partly freighted with the dying and the dead . The track towards California from Independence , ^ Missouri , across the prairies , is no longer marked alone by the footprints of men and horses , and the ruts of wheels ; but a letter writer graphically says : — "It is dotted and lined on either side with newly-made graves . " In the Atlantic cities , and on the sea-board , the pestilence is not so fatal , although the mortality is great . In Xew York the deaths range from twenty to forty daily - in Philadelphia from ten to twenty five . In both cities , at tlie suggestion of their Hoards of Health , public celebrations , both civic and military , announced for to-morrow , the 4 th of

      July , have been postponed , or abandoned altogether , from a well-founded apprehension that any great public excitement must tend to augment the disease . The ship Guy Mannering , which , arrived at "Xew "York from Iirerpool on Thursday - last , irith -579 passengers , had thirty-five deaths by cholera on her passage , and landed several sick passengers at the Quarantine . 2 fcw Orleans still suffers under the seGuKje , and on several plantations in Louisiana thereiave been from forty to eighty deaths among ihencCToes , within brief periods of a * few days only . Indeed , most of them die almost suddenly , and vntkout premonitory symptoms . Irayei'S are publicly offered up in all tlie churches , cholera hospitals are located in different districts of the ' large , cities ,

      and much excitement , anxiety , and alarm prevails —especially as the calamitous visitation may be expected to continue , with greater or less iniensity , during the entire hot season . We have Liter intelligence from California , some of the details of which . I regret to say , sire of a disastrous character — should those details be confirmed . Anarchy and riot are said to prevail at San -Francisco , and it is positively asserted that General Peraifer P . Smith had _ been frustrated in every endeavour to restoreorder , and finally compelled to seek safety on board a -vessel of warj or some other American vessel in . the harbour . Several nersons

      Had been tilled , and " it wadded , "Neither life nor property IS safe , even ' iii San PianciscO .: -Woody work is . anticipated . between- the Americans and foreigners , both at the diggings and in the town . " The population is of the _ most motley description and character , and its different" characteristics and features are thus happily hit off by . a . California correspondent of the Revo York Express /' whd writes directly from , the . Gold Semen . He says : —" "We lave great times , . ' at the . diggings , ' where all tie ¦ world has its representatives J Oval-faced Chinese oreasv Sandwich Islanders , ¦ * whole or none * men from . " ' 5 ! 40 , ' skinflint Yankees from down East , vluft&vasgeottoaea &qei ' e& South ; ' Hosiers ,

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      Buckeyes , and Kangaroos , from out "West . Here , too , without number , are the subjects of her Britannic Majesty , cheek by jowl with the people who come from the territories of the King of the Cannibal Islands . All are scraping and scratching away , like so many hens on a dunghill ; all the languages are spoken and taught ; about every religion under the sun lias its devotees , but all bow down before the shrine of Mammon , the God that has the sincerest and most enthusiastic worshippers—next to the Golden Calf . " An attempt was made by pirates to board the schooner Endora , from Bangor , Maine , bound to California , ontheith of April , off the coast of Brazil , but she was defended by her passengers and crew ; one boat filled with , pirates sunk , and the rest sheered off .

      Father Mathew , the Apostle of Temperance , arrived safely at Sew York in the Ashburton , and was honoured with a public and very cordial reception in that city on Monday . The visit of this excellent man to America will excite immense enthusiasm , and doubtless produce much benefit . Public meetings of sympathy with the Hungarians and Italians are now frequent in all the large cities . Two have been held in New York , and the United States government has been memorialised in favour of acknowledging the nationality of Hungary . A meeting to promote republicanism in Italy has been held at Sew Orleans , and a meeting of sympathy with the Romans and Hungarians was held in IndelasV at

      pendenee-square , in this city , on Saturday the close of which three cheers were , given for the Romans , three cheers for the Hungarians , and three groans for Louis Napoleon . ,, „ „ A destructive fire occurred at Whitehall , New York , on Saturday-loss 50 , 000 dollars .-Mr Henry Crim , of Rockaway , Long Island , was found murdered in his own house a few days since , and one of his neighbours has been apprehended on suspicion . —At Detroit , one day last week , Mr . Edward George "Wilkinson , recently from London , destroyed himself with a pistol , owing to an attachment to a young Lady who was his cousin , her friends objecting to their marriage on account of their relationship .

      MEXICO . ritOGKESS OF THE CHOLERA . Another revolution is expected in Mexico—a very strong party having formed itself into a national association , with the declared object of overthrowing Herrera , and raising Santa Anna once more to the chief magistracy . In Northern Mexico , the cholera rages with terrific violence , there having been' 2 S 0 deaths in a single day at the small town of SaUillo . There was an earthquake at the city of Mexico on the 21 st \ ilt ., hut the damage resulting ¦ was not great . Yucatan is again the scene of exterminating war between the Indians and the whites , in which the latter have been worsted . A party of seventy-one emigrants to California , from Rapides , Louisiana , had been attacked in the defiles of the Rocky Mountains by Indians , and all except six persons , who alone escaped to tell the story , were robbed and murdered .

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      THE SHEFFIELD GRINDERS U 2 * IO 2 f . YORK , Jclt 12 . J . Dowry , J . Marsden , T . Bullar , and ~ VT . Hall , were placed at the bar on the charge of having incited persons to destroy machinery at Sheffield . The prisoners were tried for a similar offence at the Spring Assizes of 1 S 48 , and were sentenced to be transported for ten years by Mr . Baron Rolfe . That judgment was subsequentlyquashed , inasmuch as that the offence of which they had been convicted was punishable with only seven years transportation . The prisoners , however , were detained on

      other bills which had been found against them , and on being arraigned at the last Assizes before Mr . Justice Coleridge they pleaded ; autre fois convict . The Crown demurred to that plea , and after argument his lordship deferred judgment that he mi g ht consult the bench of judges . This day Mr . Justice Wighbnan said he had been commissioned by his brother Coleridge to deliver judgment hi favour of the Crown , but with leave to withdraw that plea , and to put in the general plea of not guilty . The prisoners were then removed .

      At a later period of the day they were again placed at the bar , when Mr . Serjeant Wilkixs , for the prosecution , stated , in consideration of the long imprisonment which the prisoners had undergone , and the anxiety of mind and expense to which they had been subject , it was not the intention of the prosecution to press the case further against them . It had been arranged that the judgment on the demurrer should stand against them , and that they should enter into their own recognisances of £ 100 each to appear and receive sentence when called upon , and then be discharged . Mr . Justice "Wight-mas assented to the arrangement , and said the prisoners must clearly understand that tlie prosecution have agreed to adopt this course solely on the grounds stated by the learned counsel . The judgment would be suspended , and it would depend on their future conduct whether or not they were further punished , as they were still amenable to the law . Tlie recognisances were then entered into and the prisoners discharged .

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      The "Working Classes axb the Sabbatanuxs . —A crowded-pubiic meeting of the working classes and their friends was held in the British School Rooms , Cowper-street , City-road , on Monday evening , July 16 th , with a view of protesting and petitioning the House of Commons against the renewed attempt at persecution , coercion , and intolerance , in the shape of a bill now before the House "for the Better Protection of the Sabbath . " On the platform , we noticed H . B . Wall ,-Esq ., M . P ., Messrs . Hetlierington , J . Savage , J . Med . ' ej , A .

      ) yson , the Rev . £ . Boegis , and numerous other friends of the people . The Sabbatarians were in considerable strength , headed by Messrs . Hatch , Child , and Botskie , and during the evening created much disturbance by their noisy and uproarious conduct . Henry Baring "Wall , Esq , M . P ., was proposed to fill the chair , to which the Sabbath Bill men proposed as an amendment , — "That Mr . Hatch do take the chair ;' but tie original resolution : was carried by a very large majority . —Mr . Townscnd thenpr- ' pesed , — "That the bill now before 7 arliament fcr the Better Protection of the Sabbath is

      partial and un ] ust , affecting as it does the poor only , and . not the rich . "—Mr . Merriman , in . a speech which was much applauded , seconded the resolution , upon which Mr . Child moved as an amendment , — "That this meeting approves the principle of Mr . Hindley ' s Sabba ' . h Bill , " which was seconded by Mr . Hatch . —Mr . Henry HetherinstoD , in one of his admirable speeches , demolished the unstable- fabric set up by the movers of the amendment , amidst shouts of laughter and great applause . —Mr . Briscce in vain attempted to refute the sound argument put forth with so much gocd sense by Mr . Hetherington . On the motion and amendment being put from tlie chair , the former was declared to be carried by . a large majority , amidst great applause . A petition ,

      embodying the resolution was adopted , and ordered to be presented to the House by H . B . Wall . A vote of thanks was given to the chairman , for his impartial conduct in the chair , and . the meeting separated . Departure of tite . Egyptian Screw-Fiugate Siiahkie . —The Sharkie , Egyptian steam-frigate , left Spithead on Sunday evening , at . five o ' clock , under steam for Gibraltar , en route to Alexandria . On Friday the Sharkie took on board the _ state barge that has been built for the . Pacha of Egypt by Mr . Camper , the . yacht builder of Gosport . This boat is similar in size , in model , and . in her paint work and gilding to Her Majesty ' s state barge . The Sharkie also takes out , for theuse of the Pacha and

      bis son , several English-built carriages , with eight horses , four being of the English breed . . and-four , of the French , with an English coachman and groom to look after them . A few days ago one of tbe Trench horses lacked the horse-box to pieces , got adrift , and galloped round the . deck , putting the Egyptian crew to the rout , and it was not before ; he had done some serious mischief- to himself and to several of the crew that he could be secured . Hafiz Bey , the commander , is a strict disciplinarian , and awards summai-y punishment when a breach of discipline occurs . A few days ago one of the crew struck a subordinate , officer , and . the' Bey ordered him a hundred lashes . The . man . was seized and

      thrown on the deck on his face , his arms and legs extended , and on each sat an Egyptian ; two others , ¦ with a rope gasket , proceeded to inflict : the ' -punishment , without the removal of the clothes .: The culprit cried out piteonsly . while receiving : the first forty strokes , after which he lay quiet ; ' after ^ receiving the hundred stripes' he was lifted up , and when being conveyed : away made . some obnoxious remark for which he was again laid prostrate , and received an additional . twenty . stripes . with -.: ¦ the gaskets . " . : :.. ' -.,. ; . . A ScnoLASTic Sinecure . — The Blackburn

      Grammar School must be rather a snug thing , " Tne present master , the Rev . J . Bennett , "; says the Preston Chrmride , " has no scholars except his owa two sons ! JToassistant , though he deceives the same stipend as his » predecessor , who had to pay three . "' , Kb Rule without as ExcEriiox .-r-When , paa * ing a dwelling , as a general rule , it is not polite tolook . into the windows : 'bufwben a . pretty . woman islsitr ting-by , it , for . the ostensible purpose of being looked at , you may be considered uncivil and ungenerous if you do not cast an admiring glsuace . -rdmerican

      paper . : ¦ - „ -- ...-... ¦¦ - - * - - - - ..--.- ^ - - ; ' You Don ' t Sat so ?—A Yankee has invented a sort of piano , by means of which you : may print letters like winking . •« Theinvention , " says a . contemporary ( American , ) f 'bids feir- to superseded pens and ink . " Our thieves will , then be described : in tile calendar as " neither able to , read nor . playI' . ' r—¦ Gateshead Observer . ¦ - ' - . •¦'¦ - ¦\ . ' j- :..-: ^ : " The i \ ci « y Telegraph states that there waa . auiot in Armagh on the night of the 12 th . The particulars are not given , but ; that paper states that ; the military were called out , and the KM A # read , ¦ ¦ , , Qae mm , was committed to gao }(

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      MONDAY , Jvlt W . HOUSE OF LORDS . — Tyne Cosseuvan'cy Bill . —Lord Beaumont moved the second reading of the Tyne Conservancy Bill , its object being to transfer the conservancy from the corporation to new commissioners , in consequence of the former body having neglected to preserve the river , and ; in fact , ruined the port . ' ¦ , . Lords Brougham , Wharncuppe , and Kedesualk , and the Earl of Harbowby , opposed the bill . Lord Campbell thought the measure ought not to be strangled in its birth , and was of opinion that it wa 3 quite necessary , the conservancy should be placed in new hands in consequence of the shameful mismanagement which had taken place . - The Earl of St . GtsMANS , Earl GBETandthe Marquis of Clanricaroe concurred in opinion that the bill ought to sent to a select committee .

      On a division the second reading was carried by a majority of 12 , the numbers , 42 to 30 , aud the bill was referred to a select committee . Irish Poor Law . —Ou the question for going into committee on the Poor Relief Bill , Lord Stanley made his speech in opposition to the bill , contending that-there was nothing to lead him to the belief that her Majesty's government had taken a large and general view of the new state of Ireland ,. and of the manner in which taxation pressed upon it . Amended as he trusted the 111 would berejected as he trusted some of its most obnoxious provisions would be—yet , when passed , he had no hope that the measure , whatever future legislation might do , would really have the slightest tendency towards a cuve of that canker of a poor lav ? which was now eating into the very heart of Ireland .

      The Earl of Kingston offered a few observations haying reference , as it was understood , to the course which he had taken with regard to the poor of his own district in the county of Cork . The Marquis of Lansdowke replied to the arguments of . Lord Stanley , and after some observations from the Earl of Rossk and Lord Redesdale , the House went into committee , when , on the first clause being put , imposing a maximum rate . . Lord Monteagle moved its omission , which , after a protracted debate , was carried by a majority of 8 . " . "•¦ . "¦¦ The other clauses were agreed to as far as the 16 th , upon which , and the three following clauses , a second division took place , in which-Ministers were again defeated , and the clauses rejected . The rest of the bill was agreed to without opposition , and the report of the committee ordered to be received on Monday next . Their lordships then adjourned at one o ' clock .

      HOUSE OF COMMONS . —The House met at twelve o ' clock . Small Debts Amendment Bill . — -The Attoiu net-General-moved that the .. House resolve itself into committee , for . the purpose of considering a resolution for granting compensation to the officers of the Palace Court , under the provisions of the Small Debts Act Amendment Bill . . ... ' Lord D . Stuart objected to the principle of the bill , " and protested agaiust any compensation being granted to the attorneya of the Palace Court . The Attorney-General assured Ms noble friend that the motion was merely a formal one , involving no principle , but was merely in compliance with the standing orders of the House . . , The House having gone into committee , a resolution was moved , empowering the Treasury to grant compensation to the officers of the Palace Court .

      Mr . B . Osbokne took a far higher ground of opposition to the . resolution than . his noble friend , namely , that the very institution of the Palace Court was , db initio , illegal , inasmuch as it levied a tax upon the people in the shape of fees without the sanction of parliament . The hon . member then proceeded to detail the history of the court , and to refer to the compensations already granted on the passing of the County Courts Act , as appeared by the returns made to that House , end asked whether , in the teeth of such a return , the House ought to be called upon to grant compensation for losses to be sustained by the abolition of offices pregnant with so much wickedness and plunder , ¦' .. ¦ . The Attorney ^ General interposed , and stated that the scale of compensation was to be adjusted by the business done in the court in 1 S 40 .

      Mr . B . Osborne retorted that the scale was to be based on the principle of the £ 2 , 000 and £ 3 , 000 enhanced prices given for the attorneyships and barrister .-hips in the court , which he would never consent to . He did not know by wlwt scale the compensation already awarded had been given , but he should prefer sending the matter before a select committee instead of letting the Treasury deal with it , and the people of England would , he was sure , object to give any such compensation as the Attorney-General contemplated . ' After some further observations from Sir H . Wiliougdbt , Lord D . Stuart , and the Attobney-Genekax ., the resolution was agreed to , and the House went into committee on the bill ; when on the representation of Mr . Gabdwgll the Attohney-Geneual agreed to throw the first five clauses overboard . After agreeing to other clauses tbe Chairman reported progress ^ Other bills were forwarded a stage , and at three o ' clock the House suspended its sitting until five .

      Mr . W . Miles expressed his regret at being compelled , in consequence of the late period of the session , to withdraw his motion . on the subject of National Education , tut in the event of the differences between tbe Privy Council and tlie National Society not being arranged in the interval , should bring the subject forward early in the next . . The subjects discussed arising out of questions put in succession were—Church Pluralities , the Rvport of the . Lands Commission , the Sarawak Pirates , Cholera in Connexion with Churchyards , Party Processions in Ireland , and Medal 3 to the Indian -Army .

      Lord J , Russell , in reply to Mr . Osborne , stated that he could not at present gives the-names of the commissioners to be appointed under the Incumbered Estatrs ( Ireland ) Bill , because he had hot as yet received answers from the gentlemen proposed to be nominated . It was intended that these duties should be performed by gentlemen on whom the Ilouse could place entire confidence . " Mr . Baixes replied to Mr . Disraeli , with respect to the better remuneration of Poor-law officers , in consequence of the increased duties imposed upon them by the Board of Health , that the subject was under consideration .

      The Earl of Lincoln , for the information of hon . members interested in his motion on the subject of the grant for Vancouver ' s Island to the Hudson ' s Bay Company , intimated that from the low position in which it stood on the paper , he should not be enabled to bring it on in the present session . Reduction of Salaries . —On the order of the day for the House to resolve itself into a Committee , Mr . Henley moved , pursuant to notice , that a reduction of ten per C 3 tit . be made in all salaries in the departments of government at home and abroad . He observed that it happened to nations as to individuals , to be obliged sometimes to take a view of thei ? circumstances ; and he proposed to compare tbe position in which th& « ouutvy stood at the respective periods of 1831 and 1848 , with respect to the expenditure , the means of meeting it , and the' price of he necessaries of life—a just clement in the question . Ie then stated the amount of the gl ' o ? s expenditure

      at the two periods , showing that it had increased m a much greater ratio than the population , from which fact , coupled with the increase of crime , he inferred ; tUat taxation , had augmented- in a ratio beyond the power of tlib people to bear ; it ; The depreciation of corn and' other necessaries , food , clothing , and furniture , aa well as the cost , of locomotion , between 1831 and 1848 , had been sit least twenty per cent , on an average ; and his proposition would make an equal division of the benefit resulting from this reduction between the country and its public officers . '' More work and less money " had > een conditions imposed upon all the classes subsisting upon trade and labour , whereas the public servants , although they participated to the' same degree in the beheBt of reduced , prices , suffered only one of the conditions-- " mere work , " for which , they receive ' the ' same money . His proposition did not extend to officers of the army or nayy ,, nor to the law officers . . " . ' . .. " . . . ,

      The Chancexlor of the Exchkquer . in " urging the" inexpediency , in the present . state' of the country , of reducing the "incomes , of puVlic omcers , referred / to the report of . the committee of 1831 , by which the scale of salaries had been ; revised , and which had suggested the impolicy , of depressing , too low , the " , salaries , attacheir . to public employments ; The fairest way of . deciding the question was , to com ; pare ' the salaries paid foy coiTesponding . emp loyments inpubUcioffices and pnvate situations ,, and , so fai ^ he had . been able to ascertai n the , latter , were better paid ;'" tlie ' . certainty pfemployiii erjt in tlie former aflprding . ah ! equivalent , He believed , there would be no advantage in reducing public salarieswhich were not . higher than w » i _ sufficient to secure adequate Ee ' ryices-but that , " on jthe ' contrary , it would tje most prejudicial to the public service . ,

      Mr . Newde . 9 ate supported ; the . motion ,. arguing that bur hVieimonetary and'commercial " tneones . h ad depressed the ' exchangeable , > ' » ' «? i of . tfee . products andjlabour-of * ]^ sary to ¦ accommodate '; bur ' expenditure to . this .-lmpo-i yerishing policyj and . the ' money . payment of ; its public ; servantetp ;^ i .. Mr . 'iy .- Smith pointed ! out , the . . palpable-. ^ justice of the principle , of indiscriminate , . decimation pro-, posed by Mr . Henley . , The adaptation of . salaryto the : work'performed , he observed , had not beenkept in mm even by the committee o £ -. 1831 : ia tkeilV . reductionsi , . There were certain temporary , and other salaries . the reduction , of whicbvhe would support ? but he could . not agree suddenly , to cut . ; off one-tenth of ; . the ? . salarieshof ; hard-working '¦ . clerks in ipubhc establishments . ' . , ; •• ¦ '¦¦• .. ¦ . .- , x ; -J '

      -. Mr . Roebuck could not- supportw . the jmotion ; be-j « a \} se he believed it to be an unjust one . .,. jBefore ; . b , wosente d . to reduce all gftlaros , he , xaasf , be assured

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      that all were overpaid , which he did not believe , although he knew there was an inequality , of payment ; and 11 Mr . Henley would make a fair and honest proposalto inqui re into all salaries , and apportion them to labour , beginning with the highest , he would support him . ..... ' : Mr . Henry Drummond said , the Ministers bad boasted that the prices of commodities had been reauced nlty per cent . ; which was equivalent to saying that the fixed salaries of all public servants had been raised to that extent , and ho thought they ought not to be raised .

      Mr . Hume , denied that the motion was unjust . The country had a right to be served at as cheap a rate as individuals , and to be benefited , like individuals , by the redaction in the price of commodities . He wa $ for bringing down all salaries to a proper scale , not excepting lawyers or bishops , for he believed the judges were all overpaid . He voted for the motion because it would be a pledge 0 ™ n w wUlch tbs Government must carry out . Mr . tlEnmiis was compelled ' to oppose the motion , wh < ch was inconsistent with justice , and if so not defensible upon sound policy . Mr . Henley had assumed that there had been no reductions of salaries since 1831 , whereas they had greatly exceeded ten percent . Between , 1833 and 1849 the reductions ^^ J ?^ P Fto «» t 8 haa been 2000 ..-ut

      S ; , "ffl" "umbers , and £ 250 , 000 in salaries . tut of £ 960 . 000 , showing a greater , ratio of reduction in salaries than in numbers , which had been going on f ., r years notwiUistending the occasional enhancement of the price of corn . Nothing could be more unjust or more prejudicial to tlie public service than to ¦ adjust wdanes to the fluctuations in the price of wheat , and establish corn salaries . Whilst che expense ol collecting the revenue of France was fourteen per cent ., ours was collected at 61 per cent . . Mr . Muntz supported the motion , wishing , howover , that . it had embraced every department , and that low salaries should be raised . Was it fair or just that , whilst wages had been reduced with prices , the salaries of public servants should escape reduction ?

      Lord J . Russell said that the salaries of the great officers are lower now than in 17 S 0 . Tbe committee of 1831 went upon the principle—directly the reverse of Mr . Henley ' s—of considci ing whether services were sufficiently paid by certain salaries ; and if another principle were adopted , it would create the utmost confusion . But iherc was this stronger objection * to the motion—that the reduction would affect a great body of persons with very small salaries , without considering the amount of duty they

      performed , which would be most unjust . _ If any officer were supposed to be too highly paid , that would be a reason for inquiry ; but to taue away a tenth' of all salaries at one sweep appeared to him a most absurd proceeding , nor could lie understand the justice of exempting from such a motion the army and navy or future judges . . The right mode of reduction , the true path of economy , was to consider the nature of the service and the amount of remuneration , and , if it was too high with relation to the service , to reduce the remuneration .

      Mr .. VVODEHOUSE and Mr .. Spoonbr supported the motion upon the same grounds as Mr . Newdegatenamely , that the prospects of the country had ' changed since 1846 , and that if salaries were right then , they must be wrong now . Mr . Aglionby opposed the motion as a clap-trap , which contained nothing practical , and would lead to nothing . Mr . Goulbukn condemned the motion , which was founded in injustice , and joined Mr . Herries in paying a tribute to the integrity . and fidelity of our public

      servants . , i . Mr , Cobdex could not be a party to the reduction of small salaries , and regretted that Mr . Henley had not pointed attention to high salaries . He thought the high officers of State were excessively paid , and he would reduce them more than ten per cent . He should vote for the motion in order , if it tocame ' a substantive motion , to move an amendment for the appointment of a committee to consider what reduction could be made , consistently with the efficient performance of the public service , in the number and salaries of public officers .

      After a few . observations , to which the House listened with some impatience ) from Mr . Pack is , Mr . Bright , Mr . Clay , Mr . T . Egerton , and Sir W . Jolliffe , the Ilouse divided , when the motion for going into committee was carried by , 149 against 102 , so that Mr . Henley's amendment was lost . The House then went into committee of supply , and was engaged upon the Ordnance estimates until a quarter past one o ' clock , when the Chairman reported progress , having leave to sit . again on Wednesday . '" . . .. The other orders having been disposed of , the House adjourned at half-past two .

      TUESDAY , Joxr , 11 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —The Admiralty Courts Colonial Jurisdiction Bill was read a second time on the motion of Lord Cajipbbw ,. . Lord Monteaole laid , the second report of the committee of the York , Newcastle , and Berwick Railway on the table , and urged on the House an attentive consideration of its contents . The Sewers Act Amendment Bill , was read a second time , and ordered to be committed on Thursday . r Their Lordships then adjourned , after disposing of some unimportant business .

      HOUSE OF COMMONS .-This House met at noon , and , after the report upon the Small Debts Act Amem > ment ( compensation for offices abolished ) had been agreed to , went into committee upon the bill , which passed through without amendment , notwithstanding the opp » sition of Lord D . Stuart to the compensation clause . On the order of the day for going into committee upon the Stock in Trade Bill , 1 Sir H ' . Willoughbv objected to the principle of casting the poor-rate exclusively tipon a particular class of property forming only one-fpuvtU of the whole property of the kingdom ,-so that in many cases of out-door relief part of the wages of arti'ans must be paid by occupiers of land and houses .

      Mr . C Lewis said , the question was not whether all personal property should berated to the poor , but whether : a'temporary act , exempting stock in trade , should be renewed . He explained the series of judicial constructions put upon the statute of Elizabeth—which made " every inhabitant" rateable-7-whereby personal property escaped rareabilitr , except that , with respect to stock in trade , there had existed doubts , and in order to obviate the practical inconvenienceofle . iving the validity of rates'opeD to question , in 1840 a bill had been introduced to suspend the rateability of stock in trade , and it had been continued from year to year , no alteration

      being practically made in the law , since at no time had stock in trade been rated . ; As to the benefit to the agricultural interest from rating stock in trade , there had been a misunderstanding arising from looking at it in the aggregate ; not by parishes . The rating of stock in trade inMarylebone would be no relief to a parish in Cumberland ; and the rating it universally would produce no sensible relief to the great mass of rural parishes- ¦ ¦ ¦ Mr . Henley considered that the practical difficulty of dealing ¦ ¦ : with the whole subject 'was 110 reason for postponing the evil day , and continuing a tinkering system ; of legislation . There could be no doubt it was intended that , all property should bear

      the rate , .. . , Mr , C . JjEwis intimated that' the subject vras under the consideration cf Government , and that a measure was in preparation . . . 'V . .. ... .. Mr . Disraeli insisted upon the injustice of fixing upon or . e-third of the income of tlie country a burden which should be . borne by the whole . . The country was aware ' . of this injustice , and this must force a settlement of the question . Local taxation was the gres » t question of the day . Stock in trade was not the only class of ; property , exempted from the rate , andrelief " could be given only . by makiiig all property rateable / - ,., ., . ¦• . ... v Tue . House ultimately went into committee , through which the . bill passed . Several bills were read a third time and passed ; otlievs \ veve tonvavded a stage .

      ' / All the orders on the pa ' perfor the noon sitting ( a long .. list ) were' got through . before three o ' clock , when business was ' suspended until five . ' Journeymen Bakers . Bill . —Petitions in favour of this bill were presented by Captain Pech ' ell , ' Mr . B . 'O sborne , Lord Dudley Stuart , Lord Ashley , Mr . Duncan , Sir De Lacy Evans , and Mr . Cliilders . IiTird Robert / Gsosvemor , having presented s ' eyen petitions in . favour of , the bill which : he was about to ! mqyefoivleaye . to bring in , jproceeded to . iayj . lie feared he ' should labour under considerable difficulty in endeavouring ' tb direct the . attention ' of the House to the measure ; he wasabput . to propose ; for asthe . House was accustomed to ' ; . deal witU ; questions .-affec-, ting large classes of . the communityand not merely *

      , affecting the injbabitahts . of thi $ V country , but touching upon-those in the remotest " parts of the globe ,- lie ; could hardly . expect .. they would . condescend to give ! their attention . to a measure . involving the interests and welfare of only a small r section ,: . of the community . Yet inasmuch asthe bill was intended to be ; a . remedy- ; for grievances now , > lying . ' upon a conside-i rabfenumber of ; their fellow , subjects , he . trusted the . HousedwAuld favour-him , jvith ; their : attehtion ,. even : althougl ); tb , ? : ? ubjeqt | Was by . no , mean ? P . ? : an : Sxcitmg ; nature .., It intimately concerned the interest of thousaijd 3 whose attention , was engaged . uron jt , because they , believed that the decision of the- IIouae ^ nYolyed and

      their future comfort ; and ; happinessjxtheir . nioral l'oligiaua progress j ay ,:-he jinight -. && ¦ , the duration ; of ; lifeitself . ; , ?] he House wouTdi recollect , tbafclast year he moved for a , committee * . tp inquire into , certain aHegationS ymade in petitions laid upon the . table 1 of the UouseV . in wuich ^ parUescomplained . of gvieyr : anccs and , asked ' for a remedy . . '; The tlouse retusedi the -committee , iille regrettedit . then , ,. audheregreeted it . st } U > . becdjise ^ the . labpur $ ,. of ^ . suchri . acom-i mittee . must bare resultedje ^ er : 19 showing ; t | ie . baselessness . of . the allegations , ; and : sp , therei ' wou ! d , haye been . an end . [ of the case , or , on tlie ; contrary , having decidedfavourably . tq ' tlxe petitioners , they ; would hayelaid ' tne fow 4 a ( fjoR * fwie " g !§ lati ( wat R future

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      opportunity , lie recollected that among the arguments jised against him then , the Secretary of State for the ILjne Depa-tment said he rrns out of court , for having adduced the evidence of Dr . Kyle , further inquiry was rendtred unnecessary ; and that the ritjht honourable gentleman the member-for the University of Oxford said lie was not unwilling to consider a measure upon the subject . From that he concluded those right honourable gentlemen were not opposed to Ins object , and in thac lie was confirmed by being permitted , later in the session , to introduce a measure unopposed . As that bill ' was precisely the same measure which he now proposed intiorfucing , and the principle and details were

      contained in a single clause , l ; e trusted the House would not permit him to introduce the bill at all if they intended to oppose it at a future stage . Not only for the sake of ibose whose interests lie advocated did he ma 1 **? ^ f , request but at that late period of the u « : jfe : j , ¦ with so short a bill , such a course would be more desirable than protracted delay , if opposition were determined on . As the statements which he had laid before the House had never since been impugned , and , he believed , could not be- impugned , he hoped he might be spared the necessity of repeating , and the Ilouse the trouble of listening , to the details of those grievances . He reminded them that thejourneymnn baker commenced work about eleven o ' clock in the

      evening , and continued his toil from that time forward till five , six , and even seven o ' clock the following evening ; he could take ho rest during the interval ; his labour became greatly increased on Friday and Saturday , and inmost instances he was subject to five or six hours toil on the Sunday . The place wheve he wovked was a low , unventilated cellar - He w « s subjected to the extremes of hsatand cold daily ; at : d while mechan ' cs and factory people laboured only sixty hours a week the journeyman bnker was compelled to toil 108 hours a weekj and there was little opportunity left him of religious worship . ' The House would hardly be surprised if the effects ^ fsuch a system weve moral and religious depadation . His object , by the bill which he proposed introducing , was to prohibit all labour from seven

      o ' clock in the evening to four o ' clock next nioniinjr ; and he begged to assure all those who apprehended that the luxuries . olHlie breakfast table might be diminished that their apprehensions were unfounded . The same quantity of hot volls as before would be turned out , and the only difference would be that they could not get a hot quartern loaf till half-past nine o ' clock in the morning ; but he did not think that a set of men ought to be kept up all night for the purpose of poisoning people in the-morniiig . lie said he was credibly informed that two-thirds of the 2 , 500 master bakers in the metropolis had petitioned in favour of the bill , and not one had petitioned against it ; and he himself , on entering into conversation with some of them , found them quite alive to tlie evils of the present system ,-and ready to accede

      to any remedy which could be proposed . Those in ths House who had objected to the bill did so on two grounds . The first was , that it was an immutable and unchangeable rule of the Legislature never to interfere with labour ; and the second , that if they were to grant the remedy to one set of workmen , there were others in a similar situation , who would immediately apply , and whom it wouldbe impossible to satisfy , and , therefore , they declined raising any such expectations . He begged to say , as to the first , that , so far from its being a principle of a Legislature that they should never interfere with labour , the House had repeatedly , by large majorities , departed from such a principle , and that , too , in a case not long ago , after arguments long and repeatedly had upon the subject ; . He imagined that instances

      of such departure were not wanting in the Truck Bill , the Factory Suspension Bill , the Coalwhippers Act , the Mines and Collieries Act , and the Ten Hours Bill . The hon . member for the West Riding said the Ten Hours Bill was for children ; but in that assertion he entirely differed from the hon gentleman . In the same way they had passed the Ooalwhippers Act , interfering with the labour ol adults . But when his hon . friend the President of the Board of Trade ( Mr . Labouchere ) stated that the fustian cutters , and many others were quite as hard worked as the bakers , he must answer that their case was not now before the House , and that it was rather hard , therefore , to meet him with a case which was not very clearly defined , and was not certainly then before them . Yet supposing that bill was passed

      into a law , and others came forward to allege similar grievances , then it became them to apply a remedy ; or if the variety of individual casrs should be perplexingandendless they might appointji commission to consider the whole question , and to ~ see whether some principle could nut be found applicable to the general case . He recollected the Secretary of State for the Home Department suggested last time that bakehouses might be put under the inspection of a sanitary commission , a commission of the Board of Health , but the Sanitary Bill for the metropolis had long been in conception , and difficult , it would seem , to bring into the light ; and in many cases he did not expect much advantage to result from such an arrangement . He appealed to the party that followed the leadership of the hon . member for Montrose , as

      they were anxious to extend the suffrage , to . sups . oi-t the bill , as the means not only o ^ abating intolerable grievances , but of leaving room for the elevation of the working classes , lie said he felt convinced , from all the consideration which he had been able to give to this subject , that the more they could restrict the hours of labour wi'hin reasonable limits , the more would they destroy—not that wholesome feeling existing between the employer and the employed , so necessary to the . profitable pursuits of industry—but that unwholesome condition of the working classes which was bringing one and all into a state of degradation and ruin . ( Cheers . ) The victim who came fresh from th * country , and especially from Scotland , was sent through the fire of Moloch at ihe age of

      fifteen or sixteen , and from that period forward he had no time to give tomeutalimprovement , to religious instruction , or to rational amusement , so that if these personsWere not indoctrinated into the worst practicesqf the world it was not the fault of the system to which they were subjected . ' He implon'd the House , on no consideration of his feeble advocacy of the important interests involved , from no attention to any supposed principle of non-interference with labour , wh'ch had been often rejected , and on no mere supposition that numerous claims must follow the recognition of those , the force of which cculd not be denied ; to resist the bill . He concluded by moving for leave to bring in a bill to prohibit' labour in bakehouses during certain hours or' tbe night .

      Sir E . N . Buxton seconded the motion . Mr . Labouciiere said lie could assure his noble friend that lie had expressed a groundless apprehension that the bill might suffer from the ability of the advocate ; for , on the contrary , he must'shy he had been most happy in handling , his subject , and very judicious in the manner in which he had introduced the claims and brought forward the arguments which supported the cause ho had undertaken . He had stated , that if the House was opposed to the principle of the bill , it would he desirable to express that opinion ab once rather than delay it to a future stage of the measure . He agreed with the noble lord in that opinion , and because lie was compelled to express an opinion contrary to the measure , because he entevtained opinions strongly opposed to the principle of the

      measure , he must give his vote against the present motion of his noble friend . The principle of tbe measure which his noble friend proposed w . as altogether novel to the . Legislature of this country . The principle that , in ordcv to limit the hours of labour , would introduce government inspectors into factories where largo numbers of persons were employed , ; would give rise to ; an intolerable-evil . There would be constant visits necessary on the part of the -government inspectors , and there would > o constant complaints against the employers ' made by those who were in their , employment . But much more a bill that . should .-necessitate an inspection from'house-to house ,. and in every workshop , to see that tlie limit to the hours of labour was duly observed , would introduce a systeirrwhicli would be

      repugnant to the habits and intolerable to the feel- ings of the -people of tins country . The noble lord , in introducing this measure , did not seem to be aware : that bakehouses were not . the only places where long hours of labour were imposed—that the fustian cutters , as well as . tho . bakers , and others besides , wore subjected tolabour to a ' protracted ; degree ; so that liaving legislated for onoof those ' bodies . they : would have / thorn-all with complaints of a similar nature , and offering as strong claims , to the consideration , of the House . If , then , they wore to supersede tlies ' o hours of * labour by a law passed for the purpose , as it would , introduce a system intolerable to the ' feelings of thc ' pcoplc of this country , which must ¦ bo . 'cameu out by . an army of . visitors , a host of inspectors employed . to see that the rcstric-¦

      tipnson the hoursof . labour" were observed m private houses , " and' in the individual , workshops , it then became tliem ' to take their standjiere , _ and at at once , . against the statements of his noble friend , to -reiect -the principle which he would-introduce , lie quoted-the case-of the Coal whippers : Act-as aiialogous . to this'propbsed interference , with labour , an ' diwhlch ^ h ' e ' . said ; had been found t 6 | work adyan-. tageously . Hc "( , Mr . L ' abpiichere ) thonghtthe _ cases Were by no mean ' s analogous . :-: The coalwhippers were an organised-body ot men ,-working' within a known lo ' cmityj ' . and ' riot ' spattered over different districts ' , throughout the ' kingdom ; - ; ' The Cpalwhippers Act interfered neither with the liours ! of ; laboury nor

      with . " wages ' ; ' it * merely ' rejjuIaWd'the ' mariner .. in which thpso persons wero li . ir . ed and .. paid ,,. through the instit ' utiOn ' . bf-. " a public office similarto tho shipping '" offices ; which he fiiid . ' proposed . ^ the , other day with regard to sailors . ' •* There was " nothing ' analogous , ' therefore , intliaV . 'bUrto ; '' the-onejihejiipble ; prdw ' as now proposiiig " . to introduce '** ; it . proceeded , on : a . '' tptally ; . different prmciple . ' •„ ' The " question' be- ' fore ' the House was so simple ; - . that 'he . " should , not dvf ell upon ' . it at any length ;'; It Vas ,. wliether they were . preparecl'to ^ dppt the principles of ¦ restricting the hours , of labdiir of adult persons ' employed not in . factbries . hufin . scattered houses and workshops ^ b' ©» iaai » s ^)? a % 9 / mm l'be # nmBg-with

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      bakers , because if their case was conceded other parties would come forward with equal claims to protcction , and the Ilouse would be involved in difficulties tor which he saw no practical solution . Uy constant interference and inspection , in a manner opposed to the genius and institutions of tho country , prescribing to employers and employed how to regulate their coritraew , they would be doinomore harm than good . His advice to the Hous (? therefore , was , to reject the proposal : of his noblo friend , although he admitted it was brought forward in the most benevolentspirifc , and from the best intentions . ( Ilear , hear . ) Lord B . Stuakt , Sir De Lacv Evans , and Mr . Du . ncax gave a qualified support to the motion , recommending a previous inquiry by a select committee .

      Mr . IIeyworth opposed the motion , and Mr . Stafford supported it , considering that tho coal-whip , pers' case was an analogous one . Mr . CoiiDEN said , the proposal of the noble lord , as ho imderstood it , was that the House should pass a law to regulate the hours of work for a certain , class of labourers in London . Notwithstanding all that had been said by tho noble lord ho believed that to be a new principle iu this country . It was quite a mistake to compare the case of the bakers to that of tlie coahvhippers . That of the coalwhippcrs , upon ¦ which the House interfered , was a case of hiring and not of hours of work . ( Ilear , hear . ) The case of the Ten Hours Bill had also been referred to as one in point ; but ho reminded the Ilouse

      that when that subject was discussed many members declared that if it had been a question " of limiting the hour s of adult labour they would not vote for it ; they admitted that the question was solely for limiting tho hours ol work of children . ( Ilear . ) This then was a new principle , liut it was a great principle . It was a world-wide principle . " What , " said the honourable gentleman opposite ( Mr . Stafford ) "is your principle ? " Ho accepted the challenge , and told'the hon . gentleman his principle was that of perfect freedom of induatry . Tho hon . gentleman , however , identified the question with tho principle of protection ; and he had told the House fairly that they upon his ( Mr . Cobden's ) side were for interfering with labour . Yes ; but how ? Dy

      increasing and not restricting the supply of food for tho labourer . In fact this was a case which must be put upon the same grounds as that of the corn laws , for the repeal of which he and others had struggled so many years . One of two principles must be adopted , either perfect freedom of industry , or regulated industry . You must cither have com Laws or bakers' laws , ttut could you stop with bakers' laws ? "Why should not ' the glass blowors come forward ? "Why not the class of men working in this metropolis who were called " niffhtmen ? " Why should not they come forward for their law ? Why not the men eiigiiged in tho iron foundries ? Why there was not a singletrado in which it could not be proved , or whore the men were

      not prepared to say , the work was too hard , or tho hours too long . Was the House prepared to carry out this principle to all those trades ? If they were not , he warned the House not to enter upoii this path , because it would lead to tho widest disappointment . ( Hear , hear . ) He told tho noble loi'd ( Lord 11 . Grosvcnor ) publiofy , as he had told him privately , that this policy was Communism , though he did not know it . ( Hear , hear . ) lie told the noble lord so last year , in tho lobby of the House . At that time Paris was in tho hands of the Communists ; Louis Blanc was at the Luxembourg ; and ivhat had been the result of Communist authority in Paris ? Wh y , that in the month of Juno there vras a bloody outbreak in Paris : and .

      he distinctl y traced the discontent and disaffection of the working classes to their not having realised the promises which the Communists made to them . It was predicted by the ablest men in Franco , whon the government . undertook to regulate every man ' s business , and to turn tailors , shoemakers , " and all sorts of trades , that great disappointment would be felt by tlie working classes , and that . 1 fearful reaction would cyme . It did come ; and by ' encouraging the system now proposed , by leading tho working classes to suppose that by regulating the hours of labour they had power to give healthful employment to adult people , they would find they woro investing themselves with a power they did not possess , and that when they were called upon to

      exercise it for their benefit it would not satisfy their expectations . ( Hear , hear . ) The noble lord had told tho House lie did not mean to exclude the c ? so of the Sheffield knife-grinders There was a body of men doomed to pulmonary ' complaints at the : i « a of forty . And the noble lord said , « ' Quote me any other cases , and I will not exclude thorn . " Then they must appoint a committee to take into consideration the whole condition of . the working classes , and apply a remedy for the cvifs of every ditfi . Ten . fc trade . What difference would there bo between a committee so sitting , and that of Louis 131 anc and his friends at the Luxembourg ? Tlie honourable gentleman opposite ( Mr . Stafford ) , in putting this Question forward , as a « ucstion betwen modern

      freedom and olden restriction- and regulation , had alluded to the ancient guilds . Wo had superseded thorn ; and what whore they 1 They wove oligarchies , set up by privileged classes , to prevent othor people from getting theii bread in their own way . A-man set up one trade in a town , 01 a fen * men set up in 'Another ; refugees from feudal tyranny , or other refugees for shelter , they first confederated to regulate their own trade , and then they set to work to exclude others from entering it . If tlie guilds existed now , these Scotch bakers to whom ' . illusion had been nwde , could not come to London and establish themselves in the trade . It was solely through freedom of trade , by tho guilds being : superseded , that the countrymen of the hon .

      member for Dundee- ( Mr . Duncan ) could come to London and carry on their trade at all . As regarded the grievance of those bakers , there was , prima facie , something suspicious when men came -100 mile-3 fl'oM the north , U ' llOl'e there wore very shrewd and calculating men , to follow a trade which hon . members wore aware was most noxious , destructive to health , unprofitable to them and their families , and when those men then came to that House to have that trade made more healthy and more profitable . He disputed the premises . If the tva . de was such as ifc was described to be , why did they come from Scotland to follow ifc ? ( Hear , hear . ) lie should vote against the principle of undertaking to manage the affairs of adult males through the intervention of the Legislature , lion , members had quite enough to do ; and if Ihoy gave themselves a

      ten hours bill —( bear ,--hoar )—they would then be setting a better example to the resfc of the community . If the House adopted the principle of this bill , they would have somebody coining from the agricultural districts to talk of the terrible occupation of thrashing beans and peas . Did hon . gentlemen evei' see a poor draggle-tailed woman in a wot turnip-field ? ( Hear , hear . ) lie saw an hon . friend in the House who had boon sin amateur farmer for a time , and who said that ho had been out into the field and sent home the women , as he could not bear-to see them . Wore the House once to act on the principle of interference they would involve themselves in an inextricable labyrinth . They "would make tho condition of the working classes worse than it was ; because they would teach the working classes to rely upon that Ilouse . ( Hoar , hear . )

      Sir G . Gket , m reply to the appeals made to the government to consent to a committee of inquiry , repeated the objections he had assigned last yearnamely , that all necessary information was before the House , and that it would only encourage delusive hopes . After a reply from Lord Guosvewb , tho House divided , and the numbers were—For the motion ... 19 Against it ... ... " ... 77 Majority against the motion ... —08

      Smithpield Mauket . — Mr . Mackixxox having presented a petition from London , complaining of the injurious eiTcct upon the public health by the sale of diseased meat , proceeded at great length to draw the attention-. of tho House to t \ io report of the committee , which had sat to inquire into , the sul . ject of Smithficld Market , and concluded by moving an address to the crown , "that her Majesty would give directions that the report ' of such ¦ committee be . taken into early and serious consideration with the . view , as stated by the hon . member , of the . r 9 mov . 1 l . of the market , and giving power to . the government to appropriate a new site , and to have , the whole control of the arrangements connected therewith . .

      Miv Osborxe followed in . opposition io the motion , the other speakers i > eing , Mr . Alderman Sidney , Sir De-Lacv . Evans , Sir E . I " iLM 2 n , Lord R . Grosvexob , Mi . Siavford , Sir J . Tyeell , Mr . O . Goue , and Mr . C . Lewis , after . whicli Mr . MacwsSos intimated that ho vjouW not -press the motion , if the government wouldpromise to take up the-question . ¦ - . - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ Lord J . Uusselii said , even if the motion had not been made , the . government would- have deemed it their duty to havc . Saken the recosimendation of tho committee into consideration . Hut he certainly would hot undertake the responsibility of removing alt the evils that went undervthe name ; of ; " fcrnithfield Market . ^ for the same evils might , attach to ^ differont . sito : allhe couldsay was , the report should beconsiderc ^ i , ; . The motion wasithen wijhdrawn ., : -,- -- ^• ,- ; ,,

      • On the" order of the day , moved by Mr . Fbbweh , for ' going into committee- upon the Benefices in Plurality ( So . 2 ) BiUi : ¦¦ ¦ , ¦ ¦ ;; ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦' . £ ¦ ¦ . , ; ¦ ¦ ¦ : '• Lord J . Russell objected'to going oft . -with , a bill pfscmuch importance at-so Jate a period of tho session . . < :. ¦ ¦ - ¦ - ;' :- - ¦ .... :- -.: ¦¦ ¦ . < ¦ ; . : . •¦ ; iThe . motion .-was . negatived ; ' and the bill w CDnsequetitlylost . v . v ...:: "" c ; - ; , c ' . ; . .. i :..-. , The Kail ways Abandonment Bill : passed thioagh committe 6 i with . ameridment 8 . U ; r : ;• ¦ : •' '» v-v . t :-A ! . The other- orders , having : been idisposcd of , tne IIouso adjourned at a quarter to two ; o ' clock , •; iV : ; -. * "' - "• 'WE'DKESDAT , ' JBLTl 8 . '" ( - "; "'"'" ' V . - " - " ; >; HOUSll'O'F COMMONS . —The House iret at'tfe new \ seual hour of twglye , when arrangements wew

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      July 21 ; 1849 ; THE NORTHERN STAR . > 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 21, 1849, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1531/page/7/