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1>! ??£ d *:™ IAM RIDER, of No. 5, Maeclesficld-street.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SmHSP ° L the di - 0 CeSe M a day of tuiailiation in i ^ jzir *" wouM be *« # * ££ Tn ,. y were then remanded until Wednesday M , * . M « n » n stood during the whole examini torn , to her husband remained seated , exc ™ £ some of the witnesses were called upon toidentifv J 3 w" ? -J ^ - Pto a ^ ment . The pS eeedmp . did . not terminate until near five o ' clock * hen the prisoners * ere take * back in the van to
WED 3 JESDAT . The court had much the same aspect as on the last occasion , except that the number of ladiea present on the bench and through the court was greater than we have yet seen . At three o ' clock the van was despatched for the prisoners , who were brought into court at a quarter past . They were oressed as on Saturday , and bore much the same appearance in health , Sirs . Manning looking quite ¦ well , and her husband still pale and sickly . He did not , however , seem so dejected ; he walked more buoyantly to his usual seat , and soon was observed to laugh somewhat merrily at some remark made to lum by his solicitor , Mr . Binns , who , with Mr . Solomons , had taken their seats at three o ' clock
. Neither the magistrate nor the professional gentlemen for the prosecution were then present , nor did they enter the court for some time after the prisoners , and all other necessary persons appeared in their respective places . During the delay , which , "we believe , was occasioned by the absence of Mr . Bodkin , Manning held rather a long conversation with Mr . Solomons ; and Mrs . Manning ' s complesum , generally good , rose to a still deeper hue . She threw off her mantle , and changed her position sitting with her back to the bench , by which she iad an opportunity of glancing occasionally at her irastowd . She also appeared in good spirits , and was several times observed to smile . At ten minutes
to four o clock the magistrate , Mr . Seeker , took his seat on the bench , and was followed bv Mr . Hayward , solicitor to the prosecution ; but * Mr . Bodkin did not appear . The prisoners were then desired to rise . They both did so , which would lead to the belief that although Manning was still looking lU , he did not feel so , otherwise the same application would have been made as on the last day for lie permission of the court to sit . Mrs . Manning on rising , threw up her veil . ° Tho evidence of Mr . Coleman , the landlord , and 3 fr . Griffin , the clerk of the Bank of England , was then raid aloud to them previous to affixing their signatures .
Mr . Moxay , superintendent of police in Edinburgh , was then examined by the magistrate , and repeated the evidence that be had already given at the inquest and also at this office . -When the witness came to relate waat Mrs . Manning , in her con-TersatUin with him , said respecting her husband ' s ill treatment of her , particularly at Tauriton , even to the . exlent of threatening her life , Mr . Solomons observed that that was not in the depositions , and ought not to be inserted . He submitted that ¦ whether for or against the female prisoner , the conversation should be inserted complete as the witness stated it . —Mr . Binns objected to any statement that had nothing to do with the charge against his client .
—Mr . Seeker agreed with Mr . Binns that it was unnecessary to take down anything that was antecedent to the transaction . —Mr . Solomons said , that if that were so the depositions already contained much that was antecedent to it . They contained part of the conversation that witness had with his client , and he contended that it ought either to be taken down complete or altogether expunged—The Magistrate was of a different opinion , and ruled accordingly . —The evidence of Mr . Moxay , when concluded , was read over to him and signed . Both the prisoners seemed to listen to it withmuch attention , and atthe close their faces were flushed as if they had been excited by the relation of the facts it contained .
Mr . IlAMiio'fD , Clerk of Messrs . Kellick and Co ., stock brokers , was called on to give fresh evidence . He stated , in reply to Mr . Hay ward , that on the 20 th August he went to the Bank of England to stop the £ 100 note , dated 5 th of June , 1849 , which iad been given to the person who represented himself as Mr . O'Connor . In reply to Mr . Bodkin { who entered at this period of the proceedings , half-J > ast iour o ' clock ) he stated that he was shown at the Bank of England the said £ 100 note , and recognised it as that which he gave to Mr . Bassett ( deceased ) , and which he saw Mr . Bassett give to the person representing himself a 3 Mr . P . O'Connor . He recognised it by the number and a ' so by the
endorsement . These two circumstances enabled him -to swear it was the same note . There was no one present when he gave the note to Mr . Bassett . He had not the least hesitation in saying tlie prisoner at the bar was the person who received the £ 100 note from the hands of Mr . Bassett as Patrick "O * Co : inor . His evidence having been read over , he signed it . Mr . Sievexs , the stockbroker , wa 3 called , but 'did not appear , upon which the magistrate inquired if he had been duly served with a summons , and the police-officer answered that he had served Mm with one , and that he at the same time said he "would come . He went for him since the court met , and wis told he had gone into the country . The prisoners were then remanded to two o ' clock ¦ on Thursdav next .
Sir . Bixxs and Mr . Sotoxioss both applied to the magisri-ate to order that the moneys , to which there was no other title , should be g iven to the prisoners to enable them to procure eminent counsel to defend them , the sum that had been awarded being utterly inadequate . Tffe magistrate declined to interfere further , observing that he declined with less reluctance as there ¦ was another authority which might be appealed to in the matter . The prisoners were then romoved .
Trial of the Maxxixgs . —The next sossion of the Central Criminal Court , at which Mr . and Mrs . - Manning will be tried for the Bermondsey murder , "will c-iiinence on Monday , the 22 nd of October . The presiding judges will be the Lord Chief Baron , Sir F . Pollock , Mr . Justice Maule , an < l Mr . Justice Cres-well , and , in probability , therefore , the trial will take place before that first-mentioned judge . Mr . Ballantine and Mr . Parry have been retained to defend Mrs . Manniug , and Air . Sergeant "Wlikins and Mr . Charnoek , it is said , arc , or will oe engaged on behalf of the male prisoner . A retainer on behalf of Mrs . Manning was sent to Mr . Clarkson , but that gentleman had already been re - tained for the prosecution by the Treasury Solicitor . The counsel for the prosecution wiil be Mr . BaJkin , Mr . Clarkson and Mr . Clerk . It is not known , as yet , whether the Attorney-General 'Willlpad the case for the crown .
( From our Third Edition of last week . ) Ihiring the last few days Inspector Yates and Burton have discovered some important additional evidence rospec . inj the murder of Patrick O'Connor . . Out V tasc oanination of the prisoners a bricklayer * ! : id was called to prove the selling of the . lime i « Manning , and on being pressed he said that he could not positively swear that he was the man . . Burto" ascertained on Friday thattlie daughter of Mr . \ 7 r \\ s , the bricklayer , was in =, thc countinghon-c- when Manning entered tbat l >) . ace in an
impivi ' at manner to write his name and address . for th-: iad to cany the lime . She took particular noiic ; hi" the man , from the manner in which he coiiJu-ie-i himself ; and she informed Burton that she 17 : 1 s confident she could identify him again . In cozieeqjj' -neeof that Inspector Yates obtainedan order fro ! u Mr . Seeker for her to visit the prisoner , wlie * : < " ue prisoner was placed among twenty others . n oiif of the yards . She instantly pointed him out . as ti . e prey who purchased the lime ; her evidence . tho ; ef > Tc . will be conclusive on that point . II . Fermsr i >; srirl who washed the house for Mrs . v aniline
on tii- > aturuay after tbe murder , also ^ visited the prison , .-im ! identified her among other feuialu pri-. souiT-s as the person who employed her . The pri-; sorif-r-v . ill be brought from the gaol to the South-¦ wa rli jjoliie court , at three o'clock this afternoon , and ril ' ti'r the additional evidence has been taken , they will be remanded until a week before tbe Octo"ber sessions of the Central Criminal Oourt , when all i \ . depositions of the witnesses will be read over " <» them , and they will be fully committed . for trial .
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An Inquest was held before Mr , U . Wakley , at the PIoul'Ii Tavern , Museum-street , Bloomsbury , ontli- body of Judith Bospidnick . the , wife of a dairyman , residing at 20 , in the same street , whose death was reported to be attended with suspicious circumstances . The deceased had been addicted to &al » it . s of intemperance for some time past , which having undermined her constitution , a violent attack of diarrhoea carried her off in thirty-two hours . The suddenness of her death gave rise to
sobii * malicious reports , highly injurious to Uie huSii : i ; i-J , and at his earnest request the above inquiry w ; i 3 instituted . Several neighbours attested to tfcV 'I- 'wased being ill some considerable time previous to her death , and their testimony was correbuv iiua by Mr . Thornton , a surgeon , who had atto ' ,. ' e I her ; and the coroner having addressed the jury on thebnd feeling th"t could originate such a ru : isM 5 v , they immediately returned a verdict of " * v ! isml death . " expressing themselves satisfied th : ; T . i ! . i ? rciibrt was entirely without foundation .
Muk . - . Giiateyahds CiosEn . —In consequence of a co ; ri' < nii . ic . inon from tin ? Secretary of State , Messrs . Asiiby a : itl Child , the churchwardens of the extensiv .- : i : K ! i of St . An ' .. ' s =, \ vc = t !;; l : istoi-, ii-. tvM ivsuivr i ^> e \ ..- ; a the graveyards , three in number , ' . with . *! fl-iat parish , against all future interments on and :-. fuT tbe 15 th inst . "M-. paulay ' s History seems destined to have the same run in Germany which has brought it trium' -phant through , so many editions in Englaud . Tue - Tau-jii ^ uz copy lies on all tables . It is already a actinic book , greeted with universal praise , while , : curiously enough , Carlyle , whose spirit is so Germaa , is scarcely known beyond the cream of littraii
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ROW STREET—Indecent Exposure . —An elderly wplLdressed man , named ThomasErskiueGrant , described as an annuity-broker and agent , residing at No . 1 , Salisbury-street , Strand , was placed at the bw bef re Mr . Jardiue , cbarged with indecently expo-in ? his person to two children . —Richard Wood , a lighterman , stated that about four o ' clock in tbe a ternoon of Sundav he wa 3 attending to his barges at the bottom ofGenrge-street , Adelphi , known as the dark arches , when he saw the prisoner at Mr . Ilaynesman ' s wharf with two female children , his trouser 3 bsins open before them , and seeing that he wa s observed he walked away , followed by the children . On meeting with the constable on the beat , and stating what he hid seen , the officer considered
there was not sufficient to take the prisoner iuto custody , which induced him to follow them to another wharf , where he again saw him expose himself t > the children inside the folding doors of the sfrps leading to the Adelphi-terrace , and the children having run away apparently frightened , he took the prisoner into custody , and han ded him over to the cons'able . In answer to a solicitor , who attended f-r the prisoner , the witness said he was a candidate for the situation of beadle , but it was not on that account that be had come forward , but for the good of society . The evidence of the witness being partly confirmed by the constable and a porter employed on the Adelphi-pier . —Mary Anne Rollins , the elder of the children , who was accompanied by her parents ,
said she with was her younger sister and an infant in Salisbury-street , when the prisoner made them a present of a few walnuts , after which they went into Adam-street , where lie Mowed them , and on amvin ? under the dark arches he gtve them apples , s'fll following them until they arrived at the steps leading to the terrace , where he acted in ths manner described b ? the witness Wood , which caused them to ruu away from him , being much frightened . ^ The younger sister of tl-e witness having g iven similar evidence , the solicitor informed the court that he had not attended professionally , but was on terms flf intimacy with the prisoner , who was remarkable for his kindness to children , not havfng any of his own , although a married man , and he believed he
was totally incapable of acting in the disgraceful manner described ; but in consequence of his labouring under an infirmity he went under the arches , where persons seldom pass , being entirely ignoraut that the children were near him . —The prisoner admitted that he was in the habit of giving Iruit to children in the streets , as was well known to persons wjio vend it , and his only object in going to such a retired place was for relief , which be very eften required , as could be proved by his medical attendant , from the nature of bis complaint , and be had left his house for a short time intending to return in a few minutes . Several householders , who had known the prisoner for years , came forward and proved that he iad lately been married to a lady much younger than himself , and that he always bore a most moral
character . —Mr . Jardin said , that it was a very painful case , particularly as the prisoner nut only moved in arespectable station , and , for anything that he knew to the contrary , supported a spotless character ; but he could not for a moment entertain the least doubt of tbe testimony given in support of the charge , without imputing tho most improper motives to the witnesses , in whose evidence there was pot the slightest contradiction ; and such being the impression on his mind , he considered he would not be d ping his duty impartially if he did not put the law in full forre . by ordering the prisoner to be sent for three months to hard labour in tha House of Correction . The prisoner , who seemed electrified at the sentence passed upon him , was then removed rom the bar .
M . UMjBOROUGH-STREET . —HEAnmss Case of Desertion . —Frederick William Nicholl Crouch , of Surrey House , Surrey-lane , Battersea , music composer , was summoned for having deserted and made no provision for two illegitimate children , of which he was the father . —Mr . Chubb , solicitor , of Verulam-buildings , appeared for the complainant , and said the case was one of a most painful nature . His client had been seduced from a comfortable home ( the complainant was at the tune in the service of the late Sir Francis Burdett , as lady ' s maid to Lady Burdett ) , under promise of marriage . Indeed some form of marriage had been gone through with the defendant , who represented himself as- a single man . She had borne the defendant two
children , and at the end of July last she and her children had been suddenly-deserted , and left in a totally destitute condition . The complainant could nowhere be found , but it was well known . hc had absconded with a female pupil , with whom he was now cohabiting . The defendant was in circumstances of sufficient affluence to enable him to support his offspring . He was a concert singer of some note , and known as the author of " Kathleen Mavourneen , " " Dermot Astore , " and other Irish songs . —Police-constable Scott proved that he had served two summonses personally on the defendant at Battersea . —Elizabeth George , of Uo . 2 , Fitzroystreet , the mother , was examined . She had lived with the defendant as his wife for some time . She
had been taught at first to believe that the defendnnt , who then lived at Porthud-chambers , Great Titchfield-street , was a single man ; but she had since found out he had a wife and family living . The marriage ceremony of the Roman Catholics had taken place between them . The defendant had deserted her since July , and had done nothingtowards the support of his children . The defendant had robbed her of the little property she had saved and of her furniture , and had left her totally destitute . —Letters were then put in and read , in which the defendant addressed the complainant as his "beloved wife , " and they were directed to Mrs . Crouch . —
Mr , Hardwick wished to know if there was any other proof of the complainant and defendant having lived tosether as man and wife ?—A gentleman , named Williams , came forward and said that he knew the complainant and Mr . Crouch had lived together as man and wife for a considerable period . Mr . Crouch always recognised the complainant as his wife , and witness had often heard him call the two children his own . —Mr . Hardwick said the evidence was sufScent to justify him in making- an order on the defendant , but he could not go beyond the Hinit fixed by the law , which was half-a-crown per week for each child . An order was made at once on the absent defendant .
CLERKEXWELL . —The Mad Dodge . —William Grindley , alias William Grice . alias William Edwards , who represented himself as being the son of Captain Grindley , of the 43 d Light Infantry , was placed at the bar for final examination , charged by Mr . Isaac Jacobson , a jeweller , of Oxford-street , with stealing a valuable dressing-case . —The particulars of the case have been already detailed . The prisoner , on being p laced at the bar , bellowed and ijlubbored like a child , as at his former , examination , and paced backwards and forwards . —Some further additional evidence being taken , — Mr . Co ;« be asked the prisoner whether he had ever gone by tiie name of Grice ?—Prisoner : Never , oh never .
—Mr . Combe : I have got the certificate of your baptism here ; you were christened William Grice ; you gave your name William Grindley , and William E'l wards , which name will you go by ?—Prisoner : I don ' t care which—any name you like . —Mr . Combe : It . is immaterial . Your father ' s name was John ( 5 riee . —Prisoner : I know nothing of that ; my fa her always told me my name was Grindley . —The depositions having been fully taken and read over the prisoner was " fully committed to Newgate for trial , and the witnesses were bound over to prosecute . —He was taken from the bar crying , and conducting himself in a wild and distracted manner , vhich was evidently assumed , aud he was conveyed tu Suwisite .
MARYLEBONE . — Burglary . — A man named Wcston Still was charged with a burglary and roblisjry to the amount of nearly £ 40 , at the residence of Mv . J . Goodwin , Ko . 9 A , Adams-row , ¦ Hampstead-road . —Prosecutor gave ' evWence which , yrent to show that at seven o ' clock oa Sunday evening he went out , and on his return he missed from a ' drawer iu his first floor front room £ 30 in gold , £ 5 or thereabouts in silver , and half a dozen silver spoons , all of which property he saw safe an hour before he auitted home . Upon the discovery of his loss he immediately repaired to the station-house arid there made known the particulars to the inspector on duty . The prisoner was a journeyman carpenter , and was engaged by him on Wednesday last to mend some flooring , and ho had also employed hi 3 wife
as a charwoman . An attempt had been made to break open the door of the back room adjoining the one alluded to , and he fouud the blade of a chisel close to it , the handle of which had broken off in the endeavonr to effect a forcible entry ; in that apartment a much lavper sum than that which he had lost was deposited . —The chisel was produced , but no one was able to identify it as belonging to the prisoner . —Mason and Lockerb y , police constables of the S division , aud another witness , were examined , and the evidence given b y them afforded a strong presumption that the prisoner and another person not yet iu custody , were the persons by whom the property was stolen—The prisoner , who declared tha the was innocent of the roblierv was in order to afford time fuv the officers to inquire more into the imtter , remanded till Tuesday next
WOltSUIP-STllEET .-Yioi . EM Assault ox a Police Cosstable . -A powerful fellow named Samuel Rice was charged with the following unprovoked and brutal assault upon police-constable Carney , V . G who had sustained such serious injuries th ;; . !• . !• = !; fi : wv . s yucc-d ir . dmr ^ -. 1 ; an eart j " mi i las atatranent of the constable , who presented huuseh in the witness-box with his head bound un ind in such a state of suffering and debility that ho was scarcely nble to give his crideiu * . that while on duty iu ISik ' -street , Hoxton , shortl y after twelve o clock on the preceding night , ha heard the sound of fuotsieps advancing rapidly behind him , and at the same moment received alieavy blow under the right ear , which felled him to the ground , and rendered him insensible . He remained in a state of total unconsciousness for upwards of an hour at
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' TBS HOURS BILL-LAW-MAKERS AND LAW-BREAKERS . The Ten Hours Bill is law ; then why is it not practised ? There arc still districts in which it is wantonly nnd openly- violated , and there are magistrates in England who have sanctioned the violation . Never was there a measure agreed to by parliament of greater importance , or fraught with more powerful results . I confess it yas humiliationwhen fathers appealed to the legislature to protect their daughters , sons , and wives—it was , on the part of the workers , a declaration of their own vassalage A proof , strong as holy writ—that all " free-born Englishmen" were not freemen . No matter—the
bill was passed—received the royal signature—and was heralded into existence with all the solemnity of power . Yet it is a bill and no bill—a law and no law . In one district the relay system is interpreted to be law , in another it is declared to be illegal ; as circumstances stand at present it only serves to perplex us . And how is this ? The act of parliament inexplicit ! If so—let her Majesty ' s Attorney-General give the unmistaken and unmistakeable interpretation , and let Sir George Grey enforce that interpretation . It is grievous and annoying for workmen to be compelled to hold meetings , keep up committees , and hire gossiping lawyers to plead thciv cause bofovo interested magistrates . Are country magistrates more powerful than parliament ? if so , give up law-making and end the farce , and wo will know what to do next .
Who violates the law ?—a band of merciless unprincipled money-making cotton Iord 9 , fellows who have neither the education of gentlemen nor the decency of labourers . I have just returned from a iourney often miles on foot , expressly to see how England looked . I still see here and there along the old pack horse voads , the last standing stones of decayed cottages ; and I have walked with an intelligent man of sixty years of age ,- who has given me s \ complete history of the past and present . These cottages were the abodes of an industrious , frugal , manufacturing peasantry , who loved their country and maintained their families . The aggregation of manufactures have swallowed up their
uescenaaiits , ana made nine out of every ten factory slaves , poor , decrepid , miserable , starved wretches , whom the legislature , in a fit of remorse , pitied and promised to protect . These cotton lords , too , are themselves the children of labourers , many of them born in humble dwellings , whose mansions , I this day saw , and noticedfootmenandflunkiesloungincabout their coach-houses and stable-yards . They " cannot afford to run their factories ten hours a day ; it is wrong to interfere with labour . Disband your servants , you proud and senseless Mammon-worshippers—turn the wine out of your cellars—sell your horses and dogs . Limit your desires within reasonable means—live once more in a cottage , and allow workmen
your to exist , and see then if you cannot live by running your factories ten hours a day . Foreign competition , you cry ; home competition , by no means . Spinning jennies and railway scrip have given you * rapacious appetite for fortune making , and you always measure your success m business by the fortune of your neighbour , and not by your former possessions . Wrong to interfere with labour ! yes , it is wrong , and you have been the aggressors you have coined the coinable blood of England into gold , and looked vacantly round without observing industry in rags and patience in despair ; and whe you have chained the slave to your footstool , you look " Sir Oracle , " and exclaim" Don't interfere
, with labour—it is wrong to interfere . " Wron * you cormorants ; would it be right for the landlords of Lnglaiid to unite together , turn the peasants and tiirmers off their lands , and drive them into the sea ? And is it right for a few men owning factories—a tew cotton Barons—to turn their hands off at will and work them when they please , and as long as they please ? Oh ! the factory operatives can refuse to work . How well you know the mockery and cruel irony of your words ? Refuse , indeed—to look at an empty cupboard , and be told to go to the workhouse
. Refuse to work , did you say ? to bo turned out of their miserable dwellings and see their palefaced wives and little ones starving beside them and imploring them with tears in their eyes to « o to the factory ? Refuse to work ! and let you have their beds and bedding for rent , and turn thorn out on the turnpike , shiftless and penniless ; hang the key of their tenantless dwellings up in your countinghouses , turn over the pa < rcs of youv lodger , and feel how independent it is for " a man to do with his own as he likes . " The factory operatives may curse you m their hearts , but obey they must ; the magistrates who refuse to protect wifl hn link t ™
ready to punish—tho bastile , the gaol , the handcuffs , and the police , avc all prepared , and " property must be protected . " '' The law is on our side . 0 how 1 wish the workmen of this district had manhood about them . Were they JikoMagyars or savages I would have hope ; but as it is , those poor , shirtless slaves must kneel and kiss the hand that smites them . What can-they do ? Their strength is exhausted , their frames shrivelled up and tho law a mockery . ' And what of our parliament , who know tho law WllO fin . int . Pli t . lin lull rn n ^ ni-nrA- nl .. 'M .. i X _ w . » .. jnv ^ uuviiunuyumm
, „„ women f Edmund Burke , that sublime and commanding ! renius mourned over the fallen grandeur of chivalry ! S S" a i ?? th ° JP ° Puiace of Pa" * humiliated ALrno Antoinette , and made monarchy obediently humble He exclaimed , " The ago oLluvah " y I gone ; that of sophists , economis ts , and calculators has succeeded , and the glory of Europe is extinguished for ever . " What would he have said if he nad lived until now in his own chosen England , the country of his pride and adoration , and seSn the law trampled under foot , and humanity outraged by a smalf knot of factory masters ? What would Tie have said if he had seen the very signature of roVSwPn fT Hr a Lan f shil > 0 cotton-spinner , and the will of that House , from which his pet peerage was recruited , laughed at and hold in surly defiance I have no reason to mourn over the fate of chivalry but I can sorrow over England ; her workmen in bondage and her parliament are imbecile . T h . i «»
ever DDiieyeu that tho parliament of England was omnipotent and allegiance was the price of protection . I do . know that a parliament once reflated the succession of royalty , and made WiUiam ° Prince of Orange , king . I also know that it interfered with Church property , and commuted tithes Of tencr than once it bis suspended tho Habeas Corpus Act for Ireland and England . The Sisters boast with what ease they can put down rerolut on yet they cannot enforce tho law against a fcj 3 rebel millowners in Lancashire . I say shl suchamimstry , and more than shame on S , parliament . As for the poor slaves who sub 5 £ such a cruel usurpation of power and toi * . temptiblo abuso 0 P , I m $ ?^ J $ i ^ I am , dear sir , yours faithfull y , Samuel kVdd .
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FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE , ( from our Third . Edition of Last Week ) PARIS , Thursday . — Letters from Rome of the 5 th instant bring fresh accounts of continued disagreements between the French and the Courtof the SWITZERLAND .-The Federal Council of Switzerland , in notifying to the states the amnesty granted by Marshal Radetski to all deserters from the Austrian army below the rank of quartermaster , says : " The cantons who consider they may tolerate among them Austrian , Hungarian , and Lombardian deserters >\ ho have fled to avoid the conscription , must submit to the consequences of such toleration , seeing that the other cantons are not bound to receive them , and that the Confederation does not enter into any engagement towards them . " PIEDMONT . —The Genoa Gazetteof the 7 th ,
, states that Garibaldi , accompanied by only one ef his followers , landed on the 5 th inst . at Porto Vcnere : he had como from Tuscany in a fishing boat . From Porto Venere he proceeded to La Spezia , and thence to Chiavari , where ho arrived in the evening . Notwithstanding tho late hour he was received by the people with the greatest enthusiasm , whom he prudently recommended to retire , telling them repeatedly that popular demonstrations in his favour could only be hurtful to him now . Government will not allow this chief to remain in the Sardinian States , but intends to trea t . him with the greatest consideration , and to aid , by every means in its power , his departure for any foreign country he may prefer . AUSTRIA . —Vienna dates are to Sept . 9 .
Letters of the 7 th from Agram , state that the fortress of Peterwardein surrendered on the afternoon of theSth , but this news vequives confirmation . The emperor was expected in Schonbrunn on the above date . General Gorgey , who arrived in Vienna apparently on the 7 th , continued his journey the same day by the south railway to Klagcnfurth , which is destined for the place of his residence . He was accompanied by the Austrian major , Androssy , and a physician . The Allgemeine Zeitung fur Ungarn represents the garrison of Comorn as fully resolved to obtain not only conditions for themselves but for their country . They will not hear of unconditional surrender . They demand complete amnesty for all Hungarians ; retirement of the garrison with arms to a contiguous country , and independent ministers for Hungary . Klapka is represented as indifferent personally to the result of the negotiations , which he has left in the hands of the civil commissioners .
Tho last sparks of Hungarian resistance Iiave not , it seems , been yet extinguished in Transylvania . Colonel Urbiin was sent in pursuit of a considerable corps , which laid down arms on the 25 th wit ., at Szibe , but when unexpectedly a Wallachian battalion and the Polish officers , rejected the capitulation , this corps joined them and proceeded to Hagy Banya . — _ _
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The New Passengers' Act . —Her Majesty ' s Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners have issued the following notice for the information of parties engaged in the conveyence of emigrants to our different colonies : — " The Consolidated Passengers' Act ( 12 and 13 Viet ., c . 33 , ) which receired the royal as ? ent last session , will come into operation on the 1 st of October next . It extends to all vessels , whether British or Foreign , which Bhall carry more passengers than ii ^ the proportion of 1 to every 25 tons ot the ship ' s-registered tonnage , ( defined in the act as ' passenger ships ' , ) reckoning two children under fourteen years of age as one passenger , but
excepting infants under twelve months , who are not to be reckoned at all . The master of every passenger-8 hip must , out of the provisions to be laid in at the expense ot the ship , issue to each passenger throughout the voyage , including the time of detention at any place , not less than 10 } lbs . of bread-stuffs per week , with * 1 b . of sugar , i lb . of molasses , and a ouncesof tea . If any passenger shall , through the default or the contractor or of the owner , charterer , or master of a vessel , fail to obtain his passage with his family either in the ship in which he engaged it , or within forty-eight bours in some other equally eligible ship the passage money must be returned with compensation not exceeding £ 10 . All existing passage brokers licences will expire on the 1 st February , 1850 and
, no person can then act as a passage broker in respect of passages to any part of Norih America , unless he shall have previously obtained a licence for that purpose from the petty sessions , held for the district in which hu has his place of business ; and before obtainin ;; such licence , it is necessary that he should give an unstamped bond in duplicate to the Crown , with two sureties in the sum of £ 200 and fourteen days notice to the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners , of his i ntention to apply for such licence . No passage broker will be at liberty to receive money without giving in return a contract ticket , in the form prescribed by the act , nor to act as ags-nt without having a written authority for the purpose frou lua principal . " . *
Ajj Irish Jack Siieppard . —A letter from Roscom mon of Monday ' s date gives the following almost incredible particulars ot the escape from ths county gaol of a malefactor under sentence for conspiracy to rob and murder : — " Michael Hannelly , one of a desperate gang ( some of whom were convicted at last Roscommon assizes ) , charged with conspiring to rob and murder Mr . M . C . Bvown , J . P ., effectca his escape out of the above gaol on Friday nieht week , under circumstances fully displaying what a cool and determined character he is . He was confined m the solitary cell for bad conduct out of which , at midnight , he made his escape , breaking through two doors by smashing the locks This brought him into the chapel , to get to the door of wnicn itt
no n . to climb over an iron-spiked railing lourtcen feet high . Having effected this , the next object was the huge door of the chapel Ho wrenched the four massive nuts off the lock and appears to have failed in his attempt to get the lock oit , as he got out by breaking the heavy hasp into which the bolt of the lock snot . This opened the way into an enclosed passage between two of the day yards . Here he mounted a fixed ladder , leading up to the cistern , and by a drop of about sixteen feet on hard paving , landed at the other side llus is an enclosed-corridor , into which all the dav yards open , as also tho cook-house and bread-store if f fv u br k « int 0 > and took thereout one loaf of white bread . Out of this inolosuro he got over a wall about twelve feet lush , into tho ™ nT > o
yard out of which he took a ' ladder about fifteen tee long and a one-and-a half-inch thick board and unlocking the gate of the yard , the key JSn J merely turned , ho proceeded round the inner grounds of the gaol to where the store-yaSl ends and where he would have only one wall to cms Here he tied tho ladder and ' board together aid bus got over the boundary wall , which ibol ? twenty-fivo feet high : having got on tho will ho Sti ! ei Sid e " ' eladder ' let h "" Sclf i ' ontho
Shocking Suicide by a Clergyman . _ Considerable excitement has prevailed in the village of Malvcrndunng the past week , in consequence of the K , Hnh tcrIIa 1 11 ' » ™ tor lodging at Mr . flash ' s , Castle-house , having cut his throat . The rev . Gentleman , who was about fifty years of a * e and Ind Sedl P ngMfver ? f ? v w r mthB ° wS « £ nutted the rash act m his bedroom on Tueschv week , in the presence of his lady , who in endea vowing to prevent him , had her hands cut lf 0 was immediately attended b y Mr . West , ieon underwhosecarc helingered untiHloiulay moS when he expired . ' At the time of hisToSSffi tUemh « A Mr . Hall was under inodicaUrS K ins St . Katharine ' s Wharf . —It is the inter Jon of he General Steam Navigation Co " to Sm l u- ? w ? ] " T . astlie St . Katharine ' s fwu lac , ke , , Wllal : . adjoining tho Tower , which they have had leased to then bv the St . TCnttimW .
uock company for a lengthened period , the means ™ m v UCUDg the Senml business of the Company with reference to the arrival and departure of their nf S tSf ffl \ fOrei f n y ^ 0- The SHSiter portion or this traffic has already been removed from Blackwall to the St . Katharine ' s Wharf , including the vessoln trading to and from Havre , Hamburg h ? and tho Belgian ports ; arid in furtherance of this obonth ^ nS ^ W " ^ * ? " I ) any t 0 "move , h tK i t ' ' rcmainiI ) S Portion ot the trade wu i ° n antl now conducted at the BrunswieV S S W . . Katharine ' s Wharff , Iiie Alta-CWomici gives a list of « , » -: ? :.
aireauy founded in the gold region :-Fremont v £ non Boston , ( these three cities are as y et ' unin " habited ) , -Sacramento , Suttor will' o " " " Tuolun / no , Stanislaus , ' Stockpo ' rt , jS ? " ! U 1 "S Pacific , Benecia , Martinez " Niwi tai . « , 11 \ o l " ° St . Louis , San RWael and'Sel » SCs ° S fe n £ nd SOuth of San Francisco " tJt " in X e ^^ thSWiA !! kDTOn after the mostemffinufKdSd SS !? ? f ^ hcrl » tried for years to effect a cuve bit in mtaT ? beeu her little niece gOmg » lo « Kbv t e s J If « Sec her with every nowand then stoS to pludf si . h ^ and Therechild , pluck a good nnuM ofT ? rtc » , llerb - lady at the Ticurago k abS ' ' . I 1 fcrth nock , and die wants to know h " l ZV , ftce and SB = a ^ S 3 SR * Joert ^ JfiSi Jfc J " b ? hg . Jfht ; l fw Drom" arc Twniiml wi . ^ V . ' -uu / se a kcorbu-S&asSBSSSasa
uous tovamshu - e snow before the sun Brup " s ^ SES ssF r ^ BBB ^^^ Si ul imate v i « tJl i ho , advioe ot vnri ° us surgeons ;
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CORN . Mark Lasb , Monday , Sept . 17 tli . -The sunnlv nf p « v . wh . atto . day was only . mo&emte , and all SFSe ^ g * Which was taken offprstty freelj by the millen at Is tnT advance upon last Mouday ' g prices . iwi s » wii « it VJt rea der sale , and was Is dearer . For good Sour we L ^ bettter sale at last week ' s prices . TUsvc vsas rMxlrTj demandfor foreign barley for grinding , but not mud , S in now English , winch as yet comes only 8 parim . lv ?* market . Malt dull and rather cheaper . SewS * ? peas held much the same , llye almost nominal Tif . was more inquiry after good fresh oats , which sold w ' etw readily , anil Od . per qr . dearer , but no improvement in middling and inferior sorts . First quality of linseed pair , met a retail demand , In rapu and can-away seed !! alteration . The current prices as under . °
Bbitish . —Wheat . —Essex , Suffolk , and Kent , red in . * 42 s , ditto white , 31 s to 48 s , Lincoln , Norfolk , and Y ^ t shire , red , 30 sto 3 Gs , Northumberland and Scotch whiti " SOS to 35 s , ditto red , 30 s to i ) 4 s , Devonshire and Somer ** shire , red , —s to —s , ditto white — to —s . rye " "' s tr > ' > i bRriey , 24 s to Si ' s ; Scotch , l' : Js to BSs , Angus -s to " - < , ' Malt ordinary , —s to -s , pale , 52 sto 55 s , peas , gre „„„' 27 s to 2 » s , maple 29 s to 31 s , white , 24 s to ids , boilersi ( nowi 27 a to 30 s , beans , large , new , 25 s to 28 s , ticks 27 s to ''Oi harrow , 29 s to 32 s , pigeon . 3 : ' s to 34 s , oats , Lincoln and Yorkshire , feed , 15 s to 21 s , ditto Poland and uotitn 17 s to 24 s , Berwick and Scotch , 17 s to 25 s , ScotriJ feed , 17 s to 23 s , Irish feed , and black , 15 s to 21 s ditto potato , 17 s to 24 s , linseed ( sowing ) 503 to 52 s , rai ' eseed Essex , new , £ 27 to £ 3 t ) per last , carraway seed , Essex new ' 28 * to 34 s per cwt , rape cake , £ 4 to £ 410 s per ton lin ' seed , £ 3 10 s to £ 10 10 s . per 1 , 000 , flour , per sack of 2801 hs ship , 28 s to 30 s , town , 38 s to 40 s . D 8 <
Fobeiqn . —Wheat , — Dantzig , 40 s to 48 s , Anhalt and Marks , 34 to 42 s , ditte white , 38 s to 44 s , Pomeranian red 3 Gs to 41 s , Rostock 88 s to 44 s , Danish , Holstein , and Friesland , 30 s to 35 s , Petersbuvgh , Archangel , and Kim 32 s to 34 s , Polish Odessa , 32 s to i ) Gs , Mariauopoli , and Her ' dianski , 80 s to 34 s , Taganrog , 30 s to 32 s , Brabant and French , 34 s to 3 fis , ditto white , 3 <> s to 42 s , Salonica , 30 s to 33 s , Egyptian , 23 s to 2 Cs , rye , 20 s to 22 s , barley , Wistnar and Hostock , 18 s to 22 s , Danish , 18 s to 22 s , Saal , 22 s to 24 s , East Friesland , 15 s to 17 s , Egyptian , Us to 15 s , Danube 14 s to 15 s , peas , white , 2 Gs to 28 s , new boilers , 2 Ss to 80 s , beans , horse , 25 s to 2 « s , pigeon , 31 s to 33 s , Egyptian , 21 s to 23 s , oats , Groningen , Danish , Bremen , and Friesland , feed and black , 11 s to 10 s , ditto , thick and brew , 15 s to 22 s , Kiga , Petersburg , Archangel , and Swedish , 14 i to 17 s , flour , United States , per 19 ( ilb " s ., 21 s to 23 s , Hamburg 20 s to 22 s , Dantzig and Stettin , 2 Us to 23 b , French per 2801 bs ., 32 s to 35 s . y
Weekly Atekage for Septbhbeb S . —Wheat , 44 s fid barley , 2 Gs 9 d ; oats , ISs 4 d ; Eye , 25 s lid ; beans , 31 s 2 d peas , 29 s 7 d . Agoeegate Atebaoe op the Sdc Weeks . — Wheat 45 s lid ; barley , 26 s 3 d j pats , 19 s Od ; rye , 2 Gs 5 d ; beam , 31 s lOd ; peas , ' 29 s lOd . Duties . —Wheat , rye , barley , peas , beans , oats , and maize , Is per quarter ; flour , 4 > d per cwt . : cloversed 5 s per cwt . Cons Exchange , Mask Lake , ¦ \ Yedncsilny , Sept , Id .-, The arrivals of grain fresh in this week ' are moderate . Every article is held firmly at Monday ' s rates . Arrivals this week : —Wheat—English , 1 , 960 quarters foreign , 5 , 320 quarters . Barley—English , 320 quartersforeign , G . 6 G 0 quarters . Oats-English , 3 , 210 quarters ' Irish , 230 quarters ; foreign , 10 , 510 quarters . Flour—12 , 511 ) iaeks .
BREAD . The prices of w beaten bread in the metropolis are from fd . to 7 Jd . ; of household ditto . 5 d . to Old . per 41 bs . loaf
CATTLE . Sshtiifield , Monday , September 17 . — The supplies of foreign stock in to-day's market were somewhat extensive but of very middling quality , especially as regards the sheep . From our own grazing districts the arrivals of beasts fresh up this morning were seasonably good , both as to number and quality . As the dead markets were well cleared of their late supplies , the weather more favourable for slaughtering , and the attendance of buyers somewhat on the increase , the piimest Scots , Devons , &c ., com . manded a steady sale , at prices quite equal to those
obtained on Monday last , viz ., from 3 s lOd to 4 s per 8 lt ) s A good clearance ot most other breeds was effected , thoirt ' i in some instances , at a slight dec'ine in the quotations With sheep we were heavily supplied for the time of year . On the whole , the mutton trade was firm , and last Monday ' s currencies were fairly supported . The primest old lWns went at 4 s to 4 s 2 d ; half-breeds , 3 s lOd to 4 s per Slbs Lambs are now nearly out of season . That description of stock moved off slowly , at about last weeks prices . Prime small calves sold steadily , at full prices . Otherwise the veal trade was heavy . Very few pigs were on offer . The sale for them was slow , at last week ' s currencies .
Head of Cattle at Smithfiedd . —Friday . —Beasts 845 sheep , 10 , 400 ; calves , 305 ; pigs , 300 . Monday . -lieasts ' 4 , 232 ; sheep , 31 , 850 ; calves , 109 ; pigs , 210 . * Price per stone of Slbs . ( sinking the offal ) . —Beef , 2 s lOd t « 4 s Od ; mutton , 3 s Od to 4 s 2 d ; veal . 3 s Od to 3 s 8 d pork , 3 s 2 d to 4 s Od ; lamb , 4 s Od to 5 s Od . ' Newgate and Leade . vhall , Monday , Sept . 27 . —Inferior beef , 2 s Gd to 2 s 8 d ; middling ditto , 2 s lOd to 3 s Od ; prime large , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 4 d ; prime small , 3 s 4 d to 3 s 6 d lar » e pork , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 8 d ; inferior mutton , 2 s 10 d' to 3 s ' > d middling ditto , 3 s 4 d to 3 s Gd ; prime ditto , 3 s 8 d to 3 s lOd veal , 3 s Od to 3 s Gd ; small pork , 3 s lOd to 4 s 2 d limb ' 3 s lOd to 4 s 8 d per Slbs . by the carcase . ' '
PROVISIONS Lo ! ? a ° &A c ^ T The an ' ivals last wcck - from Ireland , were 18 , 370 firkins butter , and 370 bales bacon ; and from foreign ports 6 , 810 casks butter , and 770 boxes and bales bacon . Oho transactions in butter , during the past weekwere to a fair extent , at fully tbe rates of this day seWht for general sorts ; and on the finer descriptions an advance of full Is per cwt . was realised . Dutch , 8 is . Prime fresh cured bacon meets a ready sale on arrival , but other sorts move very slowly . English Nurmt Madket , Sept . 17 .-0 ur trade is firmer for new-made butter , at 2 s per cwt . more monev but no improvement whatever applies to stale goods . " Dorset , 9 ^ & * j $ ^ - >*> »^ t ° ««
FRUIT AND VEGETABLES . Covent . Gabden Market , Saturday , September 15 —This mornings market was but moderately supplied with both fruit and vegetables , considering the time of year , wittia middling trade doing at the following prices :-Kaspbcrries 4 d to Gd , and mulberries 4 d to 8 d per pottle ; peaches , and nectarines , Gs to 12 s per dozen ; cucumbers , 4 d to Is per brace ; melons , Is to 3 s Od each ; French beans , 9 d to Is 3 d ; plums , 3 s Gd to 4 s ( id ; greengages . 7 s to 8 s damsons 4 s Gd to 5 s Gd ; apples , Is 3 d to 3 s Cd ; pearV Is Gd to 5 s 6 d ; and onions for pickling Is 3 d to 3 s torlnlf sieve ; red cabbages , Is to 8 s , white , ditto , Gd to 10 d md horseradish , !> s to 3 s per dozen heads ; turnips , ls Co 2 s j ; carro s 4 s to ¦ 5 s Gd ; onions , Is to 3 s and ~ , 2 s ddto 2 s 9 d per dozen bunches ; hothouse grapes . Is Cd to 4 s ; foreign ditto , Cd to ls 3 d ; pineapples , 4 s Od to 7 s
SEEDS . LpsDojr , Monday—Nothing of the slightest interest having tor somo time past been done in clover seed . rice , must be regarded as quite nominal . Canary seed v " i , lively request this » WmnK , md rose fullv r , , w , Mustard seed was plentiful , mid rather e ^ ier to . l > ir Uape seed brought fully as much monev as on 1 is davweck A \ inter tares were Gd per bushel lower '
WOOL . A str \ W " and comprises some quantity from Australia , and other colon es . From tho r- < n » tw » ; . about 3 . 000 bales , exclusive of Xl So a l 5 i ^ vhii * slnK bales Van piemen ' s Land has furnishe . some fe U ndred bales , 1 ' aganrog 435 bales . Port Plillin bout % ) " u iKT rh ( i l )() to j b ? - . Germany , W .. SibS susassiKss F&it ^™ ***'*" " * ' * ^^ Liverpool , Sep . 15 .-Scotch .-The demand for I » u Highland wool is still limited as well as for Xon crossed and Cheviots there is little doing . The kte riiol " coming to hand more freelv . and win , , , „» ' ! L ^ . >;_ ..
shall no doubt have more doing """'"" " £ WSs ;» KS-i ~ S fej ^^ T ^^' -aras SSffi ^ ESar * cSSsT ?*! ? s «; nsrs lias ucen u fair business doing here this week in mcy
HAY . SMraiFiELD , Sop . 15—Mcadow , old , -13 s to 75 s ; clover SuVes ' ' t 0 3 " PC 1 " loi ' '«« ty-sk
COLONIAL PRODUCE . Sugar —In the West India market 907 hMs havoWn Sr 5 ° " b "S ffjf * **»* £ «* S Former ! &MZ ^ VZTS ^ S' ^ ' J < f 88 . 8 d -brown , 31 s Gd to 34 * per cvrt % ' too ljSW *! wmm " ^^^ ^•^^^""^ jSfeS pii ^; ~ Th , e min H etis flat > and a ''eduction of fully 3 d per cwt . was submitted to , yellowish to middling and white rico reaUzmgonlySstoOs perewt . Sales amounted to « W 0 bags of Bengal , abouthalf sold ator after sale . Of 935 ba-s £ 3 ™ C 1 " > tUOpiUky S 0 ldat fo' »* nmcllXTil
Tea . —The sales commenced on Tuesday mornine ind SWonn * ' PJnfi > Ses ' wlllch 23 . « 00 were glaek and 11 000 green . There were 18 , 700 packages of eon' (» u includingupurarcl s of 2 , (! 0 ) ctesteof od imports Ma chess imported by the East India Company ii ^ ' iS 3 find previously The sale has proceeded wit " , StTieavhies ho importers have been compelled to buv in ar 4 and K ^ w-rt ^^ , ^ ? ^ nn 8 ta »~ ° to ™» toinJ M ^? ° i mtir 0 mavks llas in consequence sriri ? . ? m , ^ f l * Company ' s congou sold with spir t at 8 id to 8 J . 1 per pound , ami & few of the old im . K , K , . W th 8 bulkof « ' ^ i > avestmtobi 3 , ' £ ™? rd - Av lth aspect to otlier teas , the quantity realized las been so small that quotations gener , 11 Y rl rrsi yjiss passcd ™ w ***
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the exp iration of . ^ hjch period ho found himself in the stat . ioii-houself %# wh he had been removed in the interim , and bleeding profusely from a danger' ous wound on the temple , occasioned by his having fallen forward on his head , which came into violent contact with the edge of the kerb From the sudden and ste'ilthy manner in which ho was attacked he was unable to distinguish thG person of his assiilant but two tradesmen , who had witnessed the assault were in attendance to give evidence as to the prisoner ' s identity . Mr . Frederick Lirchmore , a tradesman in the ; neighbourhood , positively
de-Bosed to the prisoner being tho person who committed the assault under the circumstances described and Sergeant Saunders stated that , from iaformation derived from the last witness , he succeeded in tracing tho accused to a house of bad repute in the vicmiry of Old-street , and took him into custody . —A certificate was handed to tho magistrate from Mr . Coward , the divisional surgeon , to the effect that the constable was suffering from a severe scal p-wound and also from an injury of the jaw and that he considered his life to be in danger . The ' prisoner declined offering any defence , and was remanded , to ascertain the result of the constable's inquiries .
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THE CURRENCY QUESTION . TO ME EDITOR OT TIIK NORTHERH STAR . Sir , —I have long wondered that the pages of the Star has been silent on this important question , as in my opinion , next to that of the land , it is the most important of all social questions . The one contains the elements of production , the other , those of distribution . With these two questions properly settled , every other necessary and needful reform would speedily follow . Without a proper settlement of them all other reforms would be comparatively useless . We have now arrived at that stage in tho agitation of the public mind when a discussion of the social question must supersede the political , or be added to it . It is imperatively necessary that a people seekin ?
political power should have a clear knowledge of the powers that oppress them , as well as a knowledge of the proper means of redressing , permanently , their wrongs . It was a want of this knowledge oil ihe part of the French people that caused the efforts of the real reformers to fail , and returned such a set of scoundrels to the National Assembly . Let the reformers of this country be prepared , and let the public mind be prepared , with just and permanent plans of social reform against the day of their political emancipation . I had intended to have written last week in reply to Mr . Brook , of Huddersfield , but was prevented by other circumstances . My excellent friend , Mr . Culpan , of Halifax , I see has done so , but as his letter is of too general a character , and does not grapple with the fallacies of Mr . Brook , I have thought proper to forward you the present
communication . Mr . Brook seems to think that we are about speedily to be invested with political power , j udging , I suppose , from the position lately assumed by certain of the middle class . Now , for my part , I have no faith whatever in this party . I have watched their movements long and closely , both at home and abroad , and I have ever found them to be the most implacable enemies to real reform . Indeed , how can it be otherwise ? Can we expect a set of men who live immediately out of the labour of others to assist in destroying tho very means by which they live ? That some paltry alteration will be attempted by them , and probably carried , I have no doubt , but it will only be just sufficient to render that
party omnipotent in the government , without adding one iota to the real liberties of the people , or freeing them from the domination of capital . Mr Brook says , he has observed with pain , that there are some prof ' essed democrats who have a hankering after some wonderfully improved sort of paper money . Now seeing as he admits that tho present system is so very bad , I cannot understand why an improvement in it should give him so much pain . However , Mr . Brook , himself , solves the difficulty , when he states that these j > rofessed democrats propose setting themselves up as bankers , and beginning to live on usury . Pray who told him so ? I am firmly convinced he never heard it from professed democrats . He has seen the evils resulting
from the present absurd and unjust money laws , which evils he has associated with the paper on which the stamps have been impressed , instead of the nature and character of the stamp which gave the apparent value to the paper . Only think of a nation throwing down their tools and commencing the profitable business of bankers . The idea is enough to frighten any sensible man out of his wits . I am . happy , however , to inform Mr . Brook , that the intention of . those said professed democrats is directly the opposite of this ; that their intention is to break up the entire system of nsury in all its forms , and make money what it ought to be , the representative of real wealth , and not as it is at present , the mere representative of faith and credit ,
which the slightest unfavourable circumstance may destroy , and with them their representative , and , by so doing , doom thousands to unwilling idleness and starvation . But , says Mr . Brook , the best thing to be done with this pernicious system is to let it alone . I believe , says he , that all the reverses of the reformers , and reactions of the despots , and their dupes and tools , are fairly to be ascribed to the loaumongering and funding system , —but the best thing to be done is to let it alone , &c . The only thing desirable for all honest men is , that it be as free from fluctuation as possible , says Mr . Brook . No doubt this is -very desirable , but there is another thing which vioprofessed democrats think it should be free from , viz .. the grip of usurers .
liutit Mr . Brook think that the only thing to be desired is , that it be as free from fluctuation as possible , and , at the same time , concludes that the best thing to do with it is to let it alone ; it follows , as a matter of course , that it is as free from fluctuation as possible , otherwise he is not consistent with himself . But is it free from fluctuation ? I think Mr . Brook will hardly be bold enough to assort that it is ; aud if it is not , ( and I assert , and am prepared to prove , that it is the most uncertain and fluctuating of all the institutions in existence , and that so it will continue to be so long > s it rests on a metallic base , ) then is he hound to assist in making such alterations as ivill free it from fluctuation . He draws a figure of a person g oing to California
and bringing home a million of sovereigns . With the manner in which Mr . Goldhunter spends his money Mr . Brook and I shall not quarrel . Every man that consumes any portion of tho wealth of society without producing something equivalent to it , is nothing less than a robber , unless he is incapacitated through age and infirmity . It is the effect of this milliou of sovereigns , after it has been put into circulation , that we shall differ about . Mr . Brook asserts , that if the quantity of money before was twenty millions , this extra million brought over by Mr . Goldhunter , will reduce the value of the twenty millions five per cent ., or , in other words , will have reduced the purchasing power of every sovereign to nineteen shillings . Now this is a
great truth , which I wish to be borne in mind , as it will be of . the utmost importance in the future stages of this discussion . By thus reducing the value of gold , says he , every helder of a sovereign will have been defrauded out of a shilling ; but though the above statements are abstractedly true , they must be taken with certain explanations . If tho producing power lias remaiiiocl stationary during the time that the extra million has been put into circulation , then the statement is true ; but if the producing power has increased in tho same proportion , then the purchasing power of the twenty millions will remain the same as it was nroviniiq tn
the introduction of the goldhunter ' s million . This question , therefore , has two sides ; one , if au increase bo made to the circulating medium without a corresponding increase of the floating wealth , the purchasing power of tho circulating medium is reduced in the exact ratio of the addition' made- 'to it The other , if the floating wealth of the countfy ' is increased without a correspondin g increase in the circulating medium , or purchasing power . Hhe vilue ofall the floating wealtlfof the country # » o £ ducedm the exact ratio of tho extra quantity produced . If we keep these facts in our mind they will materially aid us in discovering how . and wl v i ? in tUo
cnatcne people have beon eternally sinking , while Zz £ ;^ s nshis « " * *«** Having said this much by way of explanation I shall now turn hack to Mr . Brook , where I left him TTK ?™* - . I - which an Additional SK added to the circulating medium would cauacto tho ho dersofmoney anda sk . whoare thesesamemone holders ? certainly not the working classes No - they are the tax-eaters , tho Jews , and the moneyjobbers ; and as Mr Brook has shown , that whatever they gain we lose , so , on the contrary , whatever they lose we gain . If , therefore , the extra million reduces the purchasing power of every sovereign to nineteen shillings , it must , as . a JLleZ
consequence , raise the value ef every nineteen shillings ' worth of labour and itsp / odu ^ s to oue sovereign , which will be equal to a tax of five ner cent , upon the income of every state pensioner and tax-cater , and others who live upon fixed incomes inasmuch as they will get five per cent , less of our products for their money . Supposing tho annual taxation of the country to amount to Hftv milE the purchasing power of that ,:. uS : cy being reduced ^ 0 1 . ^ ^ , ^ 10 equal to a / eduction of Uo millions and a half of taxation . In other words the industrious classes would have to cive twn , r , iiii « and a half of their products Kofi S 5 money when brought into tlm m ,,, L-n * i ? .
invariable rule thrpugh the world mike a bin , scarce , and you enrich those who deal in it -So it abundant , and you destroy their nrnfitt tT i issi «^ 3 s f
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states that " were all the other instibutions of society as they ought to be , the quantity of money is not of the s lig htest moment . " I am not aware whether Mr . Brook is a Communist , but that , in m opinion , is the most perfect state of society that the mind of man has yet been able to conceive . Thtaiate of society would require a less quantity of money than any other , and yet tho quan ity wo " id be of the utmost ™> raent ; . ^ ch locality would have productions peculiar to itself , the sur-Xs of which would have to be exchanged for the surplus of some other locality , borne common measure of value would therefore be required , Eh could be exchanged into all the surpIus proof value must be
ducts of society . This measure SuS in quantity to all the surplus or . disposable we lth of society . And as the productions of society increased , either through an increase of population or of the artificial wants of society , the medium by which it was circulated must increase m the same proportion ; or if the floating wealth decreased , the money must decrease in the same ratio , otherwise confusion would arise ; that portion who mWit be holding money in the one case , or goods in the other , getting an advantage over the others . With regard to his second proposition , it is a selfevident truth , and therefore needs no debating . There is a certain amount of wealth in existence ; there are two parties struggling for it , —if the one aets it the other will be without it . Take ten from
twelve and two will remain . That is Mr . Brook s position , who will dispute it with him ? And as for his third proposition we are apparently agreed , —with this exception : —that knowing it to be an evil of such magnitude he would still continue it in existence . He deals with the currency somewhat like a fond father scolding bis turbulent and erratic son , and when any one proposes strong measures he hugs him to his breast , and seems to love him all the more for his vices . The best plan , in my op inion , of dealing with a system fraught with so much evil , iB to destroy it root and branch . Mr . Brook must take a decided course as to what p art of the present currency laws he will defend , as it will be perfectly useless to lay down the details of a new plan until the old one be fairly discussed , I have therefore purposely avoided the attempt . C . Shackleton . Quecnshead , near Halifax . I
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office ifi r «^ . a ™? . Westminster , at the Printing ofliw , 16 , Great Windmill-street , Ilajmarket , in the CiW P « \ > " mStCr / ^ . ePl ' ° P l-i « tor ' FBUtGBSO'COHW , 7 l ? a « ' » nd Polished by he < said Wilmam Rideb , at S ^ iuu ; ' et md * ari 8 h - «*
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BHIT 1 L Registered , John Frost Wilcock , son of Thomas Wilcock secretary of the National Chartist Association . DEATH . At Monk Frystone , near Terry-bridge , Yorkshire of Asiatic cholera . Henry Hancock , late of Hull . lU-ci-aseJ was a confectioner , and ivi-11 Uuinvu amun ; -sL tho Cli-ii-rkr body at Hull , Manchester and other places ; ho was vcrv much terrified at the prevailing epidemic , and left Hull on the Tthinst . to * escape its effects He wai token Ttto same night , at Monk Fryatonc , where ho lta » S thirty £ hours , and expired on Sunday morning , tho 9 th t lie SSSoii ! ic ? Wslosswil ^ fcltb ^^
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asffisasw PS ^ f ^ afi SSSfSf ^ S was certain , flafffiS'Se A HoLVSi " ' mons , even now , eiqhiv mbmiiAve « r ii , Comwith the veteran {?{ IE it Jw 1 ° ^ Ople ' ' torminodto institute a Sosf , ^ > wwo do " tion , in PiirliaS nt into Sto S < f chln S > ve stigatist pmoners . and tho JauS ^«""? the Cll « l " liams and Sharp £ announ-- ? ° - ^ with enthusiastic choirs ° ° Wfts received
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¦ ¦ * — THE NORTHERN STAR September 22 , 1849 .
1≫! ??£ D *:™ Iam Rider, Of No. 5, Maeclesficld-Street.
1 >! ?? £ * : ™ IAM RIDER , of No . 5 , Maeclesficld-street .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 22, 1849, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1540/page/8/
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