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Northern Star (1837-1852), 5th January 1850, Edition 1 of 3, Page unpag, Untitled Article

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    • TO THE TVQRKIKGjGi^LSSES
    • i :^.TIiOM^6wiU,nbfcittkfi' apaA;iiMf^Ui9'fttialnnfeit7(>i ¦their poEtiealrighUj/svhen the trade of the'coTuitry is geod, ShaUn6u«cbddde-eaa»C3iartist8TThenj ffietr«deisl>acL^
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      To The Tvqrkikgjgi^Lsses

      TO THE TVQRKIKGjGi ^ LSSES

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      : "" - . - "JOviteJMDa&ii i je *( 5 MTOsts ; m ««^ -: s-Erf j- > a r-s . sri " ^ : I ^ tta ^ £ w 3 ^ jpm . ir a ^ ViB ^ te ; V-l ^ ; as ^ . ' : " . Scin ^* o ^ X ' scn ^ . ^ se ^^ :. ^ v ^'» 'ioi rl ;^ ' T " * ^/ I ^ t ^ ue ^ wnm _ lie 1 maj |) efrea , v * = $ : W-r . ^ i-i : ^ . Upiikeieroesatihedespbts ; iws . >"¦?; . 'j ; u ; M- » . - * V ^' lackno more the tyrant ?* band ; ; » * t V .-s- ? - ^ - < -- >> - ^ . 5 . Leare jour pauper workhouse me » s pots , Si ^ i ; - > -. , ' . ~ --Anil live like freemen onyour land , - ¦ . -: ¦ * , . - 'f ~;' - "»' t : ? . iSTOfi ^ t ^ e i ^ l >^ U » nn ^ yv , ^?} ^;> in ^ fflim inucuvnl ^ ande ^ udpliffi ^ f' ^ r ' . ; ^ TThra ^ epliBrikceasettHTO Tqr fleedcDgi ^^ :-, ' ssa : JSeneachflock its own will par . " -- : < : ' ? — '

      Mr ; Ghildben ; --- ; : i ^^ S ^ - to' - ; : ; ' ¦ You see that no ingratitude can sever par conrierumr i ^ aip . at ^ jfi&liegpnmiig of the year / ' 1850 , Icafl you my" children , because iovrever . the folly , . Jthetignprance , or- selnshv ness of some may have attempted to sever our « oimeaon ^ X ; * traat ^ at-l ; haTe v CTCaj ^; sizcli ; ft 9 im < nr ^ 'T ^ : ] b ^ akidoira *^' 'bp ^ mtibii ' t 6 ; iubr ^ on 4 progv ^ . * a P ^ g ?^ ' ^ t , ^^ ieprescnt va to the world as a really happy and united ¦ i

      &nulyv . _ - . .. . ; j ^ rx - : ¦ :- ' M- f . ^* x- ^ •; ^ ; - My children , l .-wiahyou afcappy ^ riew year ; -and I * pledgemyself now—in the twenty-eighth ; year of my servitude—to use my every exertion to insureitr _ I adopt the labtto at the head of Ihis letter from the Hnd address of my Keigh-3 ey Mends l anfrfcsfte I riot dften ' told you that iihe greatest detriment to bur cause , was that policy which induced the satisfied lihoiirer to « ay ' * .-jiet ' us ; aloi £ . ^ re ^ are ' happy " andconienied i' ? Trhile the same man , when dismissed irom Ms ^ p loj&erit , vas tie first to shout ** Now , . we ^ are -ready ,-lead us on tojJeatb . or glory . ^? I : Is / nitsttelih a policyivery | mu ; cJkr , Kke iihat of the architect who « would undertake to huild a hou 3 e '• without maie 1 ia 7 sT 3 and is

      xhere . another instance-: upon record of any -architect adhering firmly to his plan for ¦ twenty-eight" years , although the materials iave not been supplied ? . % . ' ¦ •»' My children , a great many architects are now attempting to juggle you with the hope of erecting a sound arid stable edifice for your order , ; whileltellyou , that their object is to make - you furnish the materials to erect their -own mansion ; but if I stood alone , I would resist the design . -

      Every newspaper is now commenting upon the past year , and anticipating the great good that is to arise in the present . "We ate told -of the quantity of gold land silver that : has arrived in Southampton , and other ports ; we are assured , that , the-. revlutious which paralysed trade and commerce for the two past jears , have passed away , and that we are to anticipate a glorious 1850 . , Have you benefitted by the influx of gold " and silver ? and ,

      however revolutions abroad may be suppressed —in many instances by the irrachery of those who created them , and in some by the treason of those who promised to-CMryput the objects -which they were created to ^ attain— -have you been benefitted by any orie ^ of . these revolu tions ' ? 2 ft > not one ; but youvwill be benefitted l ) y the revolution of mind against brute forceof knowledge against bigotry and intolerance —and of justice against injustice : and that is the revolution that those who have heretofore

      lived upon your dependence , dread . They are now seeking to marshal you as the army to fight the bull-fkog Protectionists , -while they would unite to a man with those buumfbogs , if the union was necessary to produce your serfdom . My children , I fell you now , for the oneihousandth time , that the employed and the -employer never can unite so long as machinery remains unadjusted . 'As well may the lamb with the tiger unite , The monse-nriththe cat , or the lark with the kite . '

      And , much reviled as my plan has been—by which J hoped to see my family made a truly liappy family—and opposed as it has been by the Press , the Government ^ ~ and your taskmasters-rl will never cease my agitation for ihe application of the land to its ^ legitimate purposes , until I see every man , displaced by artificial labour , located upon the land of his birth , i . In little more than three weeks , the

      showbox opens again . I will support the Parliamentary Reformers , because I have confidence —full confidence—in the leaders of thatparty I will support them to extinguish the charge of popular folly that may be urged as a , reason for that party assuming a hostile position ; but I will propose THE WHOLE CHABTEJR , -NT AW . AND AT . Ti , and the REPEAL OF THE UXIO ^ . And although neither yon nor I can command the ; ear of the Press , yet I will make your voice be heard where it must

      be trumpeted to the world . You never witnessed—nor did England ever -witness such a ferocious parliament as that which is about to assemble . All will spoutdemocratic . principles , in order to catch the democratic mind , but , -with your assistance , I will tako care that it shall not end in mere sound . Thecabinet isfobe re-constructed—Russeix being anxious to secure the balance of power against the Gkey party , while you may rely toadies

      upon it ,. ! that Peel and his expectant will be on the look-out . Now , let me implore -of you not for one moment to imagine , that any minister acts upon any other principle than fchat of selfishness , vanity , or ambition ; and let me assure you , that either Peel , Bushell , or Stanley would adopt every point of the People ' s Charter to-morrow , if they were certain that its adoption would preserve their power ; and their only doubt is based on your -disunion ; and the controlling power of those -who have command of machinery .

      My children , ne man has sympathised more ihan I have with the people in the several continental countries who have attempted to establish their just rights by revolution ; but no Tnan has grieved more , that their tyrants had kept them in that hopeless state of ignorance -which compelled them to ' substitute physical for moralpower . The triumph of moral power never can be extinguished while the triumph of physical force ever endB in the increased persecution of those who have achieved it . such instrument to

      Kow , you require no achieve your rights ; you are armed with more practical , knowledge than the people of any ¦ other country in the world , and you who fail to develops that knowledge effectually , and not -the Government or the system that tolerates its spread , are to blame for its misapplication . IVhen men spout fury , ask them if they have got a musket ? and are ready to take the lead in the conflict ? and , then , as my Keighley friends have told yon , yon will understand the difference between mock and real Chartists .

      There is nothing on earth more easy to . the speaker , or more cheering to his audience , than the assurance of devotion or self-sacrifice if necessary ; but I have ever found that the greatest talkers are the most backward perfonnera . ' My children , you Bee that Mr . Johk O'Coxsell has surrendered bis seat in Parliament , and that two Protectionists are in the field to contest the honour of

      representing the city of the "Violated Treaty . " He abandons his parliamentary duty in the hope of trafficking in his profession , * whereas I wholly abandoned that profession , . when it was highly , lucrative , to serve your ! order by changing the laws under "which you suffer : and now I shall tender my ^ apaid professional service to any sterling candidate who will oppose the Protectionist < xmipetitoM ; and I tell you more , that I will carry him , tooin spite of all opposition .

      , ¦ M y children , 1 am rejeiced to find that the Programme adopted by the , metropolitan Conference has met with your approval ; 'and , as I never wish to be outbid by competitors or opponents , I propose that a national Conference ahallmeet in London at the same time that the ParKamentaryJReforavConference is to take place . This is necessary , * nay indispen-

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      sable , -that our niew assbciates may understand % ^ : have iiot abMdon ^ or lost sight of ^ ^ 'thel&chinefy by which we propose to carry ^ emb ^^^ d / T " should : like to see thatl Conference composed of thirty Engh ' shandS «) tch ; and-fifteen Irish members : ; iindluptaketo ^ ay , ^ that , the poor Irish would subscribe enough in one . day to pay theexpenses of those delegates . * I think ' * ba * ' you Sill ^ that such a confederatioE is ^^ i 8 ??? . ?^^ , ;^ order to enable the people " of both ^ countries , whose interests are identical and inseparable , to unitoTipbnathorough understanding ibr . a thorough reform of the- , present representative system , iv ; - ; ; , w Sable .-that , mir nnxr ' nasnniatiio " rnnir nnA ^ r , lJ : ~ A

      You mnst never lose" sight of the fact ^ that the ungenerous vise niade of the . Irish ' piople ' by their leaders , has been ; the main prop of governinenti . jprofessing . liberal , principles ; while jo ^ must junderatandV that that false and iniquitous delusion 1 has- nowvanished and fbri everv The : Irish : pepplejjfcieing . a yrhclly agricultural race . Tinderfitand the value of land » - ^ T '¦ < -i-i :- - •¦¦ :: !¦ - --: " f ~ zr ~ x ; -Sl ± * -2 * l- ~^^ i-t 3 :-: zc ^ *^^^' better than you doj-anft-iibaJLithey ^ Are iiiot

      wholly ignorant of coming events , you will gather from the fact , that ; although in a state of abject want and starvation , they cannot be enlisted in the ranks of the : BULL FROG Protectionists . Does not this fact show you , that they are prepared to suffer existing trying grievances , in the hope of destroying the hellish feudal Bystem under which they have led a lingering life of torture ?

      Cobbett has told you that a good thing cannot be repeated too often , and I have often told you that " the folly of to-day is the wisdo ^ a of the morrow '' and in propf thereof , let metellyon that in 1822 I printed a pamphlet in Ireland , showing the theii state , of the country , and describing five grievances which should J ) . e , remedied . Three thousand copies were printed : the High , Sheriff of the city of Cork seized them all . In that pamphlet I

      complained of the Grand Jury system—of the Tithes being taken in kind—of the system of single magistrates sitting in their parlours and administering justice—of the Middleman system— -and of the then Constable system . "Well , I was obliged to fly my country ; the pamr phlet was submitted to high legal authority ; and as truth was treason in those days , he gave it as his opinion that the matter was treasonable . " But mark the truth of the

      maxim , that " the folly of to-day inay be the wisdom of the morrow , " when I tell you that within a very few years Parliament abolished every single grievance of which I complained ; that is , substituted other laws in the place of the existing ones : while , if tried , I would have been condemned as a Traitor for having exposed the injustice . My children , let me now predict coming events . Again I tell you—as I told Parliament

      in 1848—take away tithes to-morrow , and the parsons' loyalty would follow it the next day ; reduce the landlord's price of land , and his loyalty would go after it . I was mocked at for my definition of loyalty , when I stated that I cared not whether the Pope , the Devil , or the Pkeiexdee was upon the throne , provided the power behind the throne was greater than the throne itself ; and now mark my prophecy in the beginning of 1850 .

      The Protectionists are mad . Lord John Rt-ssell is trembling ; and the Money-lords are squeaking , though hopeful : and all understanding—though not ceding to or obeying —popular knowledge and popular power , will bid for it , in the hope of basing their strength upon popular confidence and support . And at a general election each party , will'have its " CRY : " but from no TEAR will the

      veritable labourer derive the slightest benefit or consolation . The Catholics have been juggled by EMANCIPATION . The Nation has been juggled by REFORM , and the Working Men have been juggled by FREE TRADE . This Avas a Trinity in Unity from which you derived no benefit ; the next will be a disjointed Trinity , from which you may extract perfect Unity , by being firm , resolute , and determined .

      My children , again wishing you " a happy New Year , " and assuring you that I would rather crack stones on the road side , in this shivering season , than abandon your cause , or surrender one bristle of the aximal ; and assuring you that I will discharge my Parliamentary duties as zealously as any member in the House , and trusting that you will be prepared for the coming struggle , ^ Iremain , Your sincere and affectionate Father , Feaegus O'Coxuok .

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      "Alas ! poor country ^ - ¦ Almost afraid to know itself . " "A true labourer earns that ho « ats , gets that he wears , owes no man hate , envies no man's happiness ; glad of other men ' s good , content under his own privations ; and hit chief pride is in thetnodest comforts of his condition . " Shaksfers .

      TO THE IRISH PEOPLE . Fhiends axd Countrymen , In little more than a month from the time you read this letter the show-box will open , and the several jugglers , all of whom live izpon your sweat and your blood , are preparing , for , tlie " TnuiBLE-Bl ^ '' ' and , as to beforew ^ edjs to be forearmed ^ make np yoitf minds not to expect any , the slightest benefit from any measure passed by any party , however inviting arid seductive the promised results may be . -

      My countrymen , never forget the good ; old maxim , that 'Vwhat is to be done for the peo ^ pie , must be done by the people ; " and never forget the " Great Fact , " that however exuberant the promises of any faction or all factions have been , when they were looking for your co-operation , as a means of preserving their own power , that riot one Government has ever passed a single act calculated to confer a particle of benefit upon your order .

      I hope in this letter to conclude my analysis of the People ' s Charter , and then , before Parliament meets , I shall have an opportunity of addressing four letters to you , which shall be upon the subject of the land , your right to have possession of it , how to gain the possession , and the benefit that its proper cultivation , when the people are -interested in its improvement , would confer upon all other classes , who , although they may never see the land , would be bettter employed , better ' remunerated for then * labour , and fed better by those who cultivated the soil ; In my last letter I promised to define the questionpf

      EQUAL ELECTORAL DISTRICTS more minutely , but I would consider it an insult to your understanding to presume that the iniquity of the present system is not sufficiently understood , and therefore I shall conclude the consideration of this question with one single observation . What think you of England and Wales , with a population of sixteen millions , having five hundred representatives ,- while Ireland , with a population of eight millions , that is oneihalf ; ha&bmy one hundred and five representatives ? I now come to the question of

      NO PROPERTY . QUALIFICATION , and for which I would substitute mental quali fication , resting satisfied that members chosen by a class whose interest would then be identical , and not v antagonistic—would make brains , and not pockets , the test of qualification ; and always bear in mind , that one of the grand results of the People ' s Charter would be , to make laws in harmony with the mind , and the requirements of the existing generation , instead of an improving mind being governed , or rather trammelled' and suppressed by barbarous laws , " enacted by

      ignorant barbarians . When I say ignorant , bear in mind , that at one period , neither mental nor' moriey qualificationwas required , arid ; 'theii , as now , members taking their seats were required to sign two large books , and it is an irrefutable fact , that scores of those members attached their marks to then names written by the clerk , as they could not write a word ;; v But not to recur to barbarous ages , , let me analyse the present system for you . . ; - On the Treasury bench sits Lord John Russell , the Prime Minister of England , and representative of the wealthiest city in the

      world ; he is only required to possess , 300 Z . a year : next to him sits the prodigal . ' son ' of a Peer , who requires rib property qualifi c ation at all : next to him sits the disinneriteel eldest son of a qualified . gentleman , and he requires no other qualification than to swear that the father , who has disinherited him for vice and dissipation , is worth 300 / . a year , H the son represents a borough , ; or 600 / . a year if he represents a county : next to him sits a pauper next to him

      who has borrowed a qualification : sits a member for Scotland , who requires no property qualification ' at all , although the man who votes for him must have a qualification ^ : next to him site a member for one of the UnU verities , ' - Oxford , ^ Cambridge , Jbr . Dublin ; he requires ^ noVother / qualification '/" . wan'ihis suppbrters' ' bel ^ fin his bigotry : and ' next ^ to him-sits' ^ repreaentatiye : of ; a bankrupt county in" Irela ^ d ^ - who must hav e 600 t . | a year . ' : I do riot think that such a jp icture xe

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      quir ; e 8 . fttrthOTiHatoationithari ; its * s j ^ sentat ^ itoTthei j ^ str ^ simple mind ; "bet !' let me Bhow . ^ h&w ;| trcan he ' brought 't o ^ bear against . 'ai ^ indeperideht member , ' who -cannot . be ' bnBe ^ # ^ : ^ iit ! ' ' "' ¦ : Ti - -aM -3 T ' " ' . ' . ¦ ¦ " >¦ * ° inM ^^ aecpnd ; titieittKeTOiBi 3 ter s ^^^^^^ ^ were most ; viftlehtfyOpposed 'to ¦ ina '•? 'I was " -petitioned against' for want of property qualification ' . whichreauired | tpibe . £ 600 . a ! ij-ear . ' ! . JTwo' bf-Mr . 0 ' ConneIi ' 3 t !' S (? n | i . ; pro . fo 8 sing 5 ri tors understand ; t . ho animis of memB | r 8 « betteir , than Iidid ,- requested to be . allowcd ^ to ^ tir } Jie ^ my 1 , committee , /^ thatj is , to chooseele ^ eiiip't f ^ fi ( Erfftv-three " balloted ! members ; 4 uieou joBiwreinaiiconHniiiee j

      x aK « u . v .- , . ., provea property of Jei ^ 200 ia-flnr ; fcir three lives renewable for ever , i £ 375 li-y ^ for f imy' life , 'Whlleiil'Wa ^ ' making between £ S 00 aridt £ 90 p a-year of my domain , \ vhieh I held fpr ; nine thoil . gandininejhundred' arid ninety * nine yiears ., ; , Mr .,: J ^ flkin . jtas going into the house to stand the ballot ^ a't'the dooV , , andvej 3 d ; lie , ) had better -not go in as they wanted Wge ^ M ^^ ah ^ TliisiiMr .,. Bodkin mentioMd'tp ' nieHffjpr&e % e ^ still * m ¥ mberyofS pailwffien ^^^ hieiribtirw parliame ^ ti ^^ a fraction , ' except a mortgage of ^ ohe -thousand upon the ; esfcate of £ S 75 i ' $ _ Major / Macbamara was "on the

      committe , and gayer . the ] casting , vote' against me ; ^ Parker , a memb ' er of the present government , was on theepmmittee , andypted for me , and told ine ^ that heinWer heard' a' more ' iinjuatdecision ; however ; I was ousted , ' and ' to . prove to yoii my love of principle , ah ' electidn for the town of Carlpiivr taking place very shortly afterwards , ' Mr . O'Cdiihell offered me onehuridredguinehs ^ to ' act as counsel for Mr . Raphael . I refused , and told him that 1 would go at my own expense without ' any fee for a Repealer . ' . ' ,... . . ¦^ i ^' . vtt ^ iji ^ b .- ¦ . ; :: ¦;¦'! . ' ¦ ¦ : ; ' .: '•¦?¦ : .- My coun ' trymeri ,, ; wnat , do : you think , of , a . man without . shoes ' being j ' quatified to ^ sifc as a Scotch member , while the man' ^ who ^ vb ' tes for him must '

      have a qualification ? If mind not money Ayas the qualification , a sagacious , ah intellectual , and an interested people would select a sagacious and intcllectual member , who would be the reflex of sound opinion , instead of as now the mirror of a : domineering privileged order . , -. ¦ But there is . now knqwr ledge upon every passing breeze , and tyrants may rely upon it , that ; if it is hot properly directed ,. it will one day burst upon them with' a iremendous crash , as the people as heretofore will not again be excited to establish the ' power of their oppressors upon the ) pretext- of mock promises-and "high professions . M now come to the last of the points , namely : — . ;> - K . ' : ^ s-r ^ -: = ; :--: ^ -. : : ¦¦ ¦ .: < l r r - ¦¦ ,: '¦ :- .

      .: ' - ¦ ' ; , y . ... ( PATMEKrpP ; JlEJfBBRS . , ? :: ; ::.::, This is one of the most essential points in tho People ' s Ciiahter , . and v is ( : Msed upon Divinb Bioht , as we are told that the ;' , '' labourer 13 worthy of his hire" — -that man is to live in the' sweat of h | s brow , and that if he will not work neither shall he eat , and as no duty , ¦ when honourably and attentively performed , is more laborious than i that of a member of parliament—the member should be paid And , then , instead , of as now , having important questions affecting the lives , the properties , and the expressions of growing opinion , decided ! by . a fifth or sixth ofthe House of Commons , instead ofhaving

      a hundred or so travelling upon ' thQ continent , scores receiving leave of absence upon the ground of ill-health , scores shooting and hunting , aad hundreds entertaining large parties with sumptuous fare , arid others pairing off for the session ; instead of sUch a system , ; then you would find ; that-the labourer yquld make , himself worthy :-ofi his hire . But , above all'things , payment of members is neces-, aary , if labour ; the foundation of wealth , is to be represented , as the woi'king man whose family depend upon his labour , cannot leave his last , his lapboard , his anvil , his loom / or his bench , if he is not to be requited for his labour otherwise bestowed .

      It is very well for those who'live upon the labour of others , ' andijv . e . in idleness , tbo . ^ based upon the survile' support V tnat they » , gaVe to the minister , scoffing at what they ' ¦ call the degradation of ad riiHting working riien into the House ' of Commons , wfiereaa if that housb ' was ^ wholly ppnatituted , of workinEmen the poor ' would become rich , and " the rich richer by the legitimate and profitable dovelopoment of the national resouroes , instead of , as now , cultivating them by that standard which will enable the idle to live luxuriously upon the industry of the labourer . Then you would have no law . enabling tyrant judges , packed juries ,-hired spies , and perjured witnesses , to transportfw imprison a man for the expression of his opinions . " . . ¦ - ' . My countrymen i l-ecollect that in America , in France , and in Switzerland , the representatives of the ' people are paid , and cast your eye overthe divisions in those assemblies , ancLyou will find how few

      are absent even on divisions of minor importance ; but to come , homo with the subject , . look , tothe Treasury . Bench , and there , you . will find the ministers and' their toadies , amounting to about twenty-six / 'dividing amongst , them , as salaries as much as would nearl y qualify every city arid borough representative in parliament . . Now what thinkyoHiofyour friendj Sir 'lVi ! liam Somorville , ' member for Drogheda , who receives £ 5 , 500 a-ycar for his liberal services , objecting ! to : the payment of members , while he receives something more than would qualify eighteen borough members ? ' . ' . ' But agart from salariea , lot me illustrate the manner in'which toadies are paid ' in Parliament . In 1833 , the first session ofthe Reform Parliament , the Whigs , very naturally wished ; to base their power upon the support of a large and satisfied majority . I was ¦ vlooked upon as worthy of being kidnapped , and as I never state facts without giving names , I will . shoyr you . tho value that was set

      upon me . . The Honourable Mr . Stanley , npwLord Edisbury , was then whipper-in , to the . Whigs . ' He met me in the doorway ; of the House , and said—Mr . O'Connor , the Government intends to adopt the usual practice in your case . What is that , said I ? TTliy , to give you half the patronage of your" county ? Pooh , I replied , I must have the whole of the patronage of my county , as I brought my colleague in upon my shoulders . He observed that was exorbitant . I replied not at all , and I will , tell you the principle upon which I shall exercise my privilege . You shall appoint every man to every office , if he is a good man I will not complain , if he is a ; bad man I will , as I want no patronage . He said , did that man that you recommended as postmaster at'Skibbereen vote for you ? Ko , said I ,-he had no vote , that is very unusual ; ho replied , it may with you said I , but not with me . I never saw him , he has

      been much persecuted , and ho has forwarded me the highest testimonials , of character . Well , well , rejoined Mr . Stanley , you will yote for us to-night , of course ? You shall see that /' said I . Tho question being then discussed wa 3 a motion of Mr . Lambert's with regard to the Irish Church . I voted for tho motion , and against the Government ; * I afterwards saw Mr . Stanley ; he told me it was an unusual course , when a member was granted auch extensive privileges ; and I told him that all tho patronage at the disposal of the Government should never catch a vote of mine . And while other Irish members accepted the invitations of ministers to dine with them , with slavish bows , and scrapes , and thanks , my invariable reply to such invitation was , that I could not be seen in such bad company . "' - ¦ I was always invited as a gentleman Bhould bo , whileothers were invited as if it was the highest compliment , and the invitation was accepted as such . : .

      My countrymen , I have now defined the several point 3 of the much-reviled People ' s Charter , and in my next and succeeding letters I will irrefutably prove to you that from no other measure than the Charter can you expect ' justice to your order ; and that even a Repeal of the Union , under the present system , would make you greater , slaves than ever , by increasing your local taskmasters . I look for the Charter—I long for the Charter . I expect that ere long the Charter will become the law of the land , as all parties are now placed in dire antagonism , and as . when " rogues fall out , honest men will come to their own . " . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ; -i . <• Your faithful Friend and Countrymen ,,: :,:..-. ' ,. ; . FEARGUS O'CONNOB . ! London , 26 th December , 1849 . ¦ :-- \ - : ¦ ¦ . ¦¦ . - . : ¦

      P . S . —I hope you have read the extracts from Sharman * Crawford ' s : letter , published in . last Saturday's Irishman ; / and -bear in mind that Sharm ' an Crawford . was too ; honesi ; . to be an Irish member , and that he is the best landlord inlreland . ¦ ¦¦ ¦ - ¦• ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' . ¦ . : ¦ : - vi , r I . '' -v- : ; ¦ .-: '• : ::- . P . ' . ' 0 'O .-v - ; : . ^ toi ' :. !•¦'¦

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      Shoiieham Election . —Tho election of a buvgess to represent the borough of Shoreham , and to supply the vacancy caused by the death of the late Charles Goring , Esq . ; took place at Old Shoreham yesterday . C . , S . Dickens , Esq . ^ proposed , and Edwin Henty , Esq .,: seconded , the nomination of Lord Alexander Lennox . No other candidate being proposed , the returning-officer decla ' recl ' ' Lord ¦¦ Alexander : Lennox ; duly elected . ^ ( Cheers vand ; booting . ) i Lord Lennox then came forward , ^ and 'declared himself tobo a staunch siippdftor of tho Established Churoh .. ; that he ' was ' oppbsey to the admission of Jews into Parliameritj " - ^*! ' pvoud t <) call Mmself a Protectionist . " - ' •¦

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      : ;;;; :. ¦ r * wti $ uimfm&tewr ^ both political and social . He-repeated , the change must be both of « i political * arid' Social nature . A mere . political ' change ; would , hot do ; the strife of thei Whigsrfnd : FreofTr | dors ; # ^^^ ^ tam- » th ; 9 ;' prdpe " rtied iristi £ u { ibhs" of ' thtf J douiitrvV " : wlul 8 t the iRadicals ^ iicl Prbletariims' * struggie ' d to : . r € 5 cuei , t hemselvesfrom'th ' emiserable arid'wret . ehea > - ' . opnaitionj hiiwhioh ^ ociety had placed 5 them . '( Hear , ^' mWhrtywiFvancO iisrittiiMv republicafffgoveni ^ . ; m ? n ^ aM ^ ersaliaufffage ^ had'JieKibattleS , vM :.: ? er . rc 1 ones , , tqq .,., Why ¥ ^ Because heivpropertied .: < institutions remained aYthey were , 'l id did not ask C tfiat meeting to agree , with , him in all . his rpocuOaJ .-: . Views as regarded tniB orMnisation of Jnhoiir ' and ^

      propertyRibut hetfid invite them % " cbme ^ forwKra . " ^ and seek a remedy / jitiwas nonisehse ^ b ' go foraHy ^ " particular form i > f pbliticarunlew thV ^ Social pro- ' sblem ^ was ^ t-tlie . ffaBQff .. time-: solved ; - He ^ was i : * lad : l sraeh a festival had been called : togetKer , < in -iwSicliV ' ' 7 * ? l »« 'mljections » of pwgressiye Refqrmers % r . 0 Ul 4 ' \ hare the opportumty- > f ^^ expressing tfeetf rbpinionsi ' - . ^ a , nd ; Vcpmpar : ng notes—and he hoped . " theyrwoiild " n-. ultim 3 telyt . work , . tbget % "for ' the bonimpn ' gopd ' . '^' ¦¦ The ; g ? eai battle that hh $ beeiiraging ' for some tim « ' ' '' pwt ? \ w ^ re lative'to-the weatidh 'and ' prbpef dis- ' " " ' trikufcioriXof . wealth ,-andwi 8 b ' Miltbnhesaid , — ' ¦ " ^^ " ^ ^

      ¦ : . " Let fi ti \ at . h and error rbaifele together ) i < Whoevor "'" •' knew . h ' er ( worsted in , a free aad open encounter ? 'V f [ ( Lou 'the ; 8 i ^^ jwithSthe . ^ modi'Ats of Baden / -Bungary , Austria / * jBii 8 Bi ^ -. vPraB 3 iai ;! , JTed ; ; R . 2 pBblicans , ( greatv . . ; cheerine ; > i' ** ithe- / Socialists ^ ' etc .. feontinued i . cheering . ) : ?; H 8 ;' : i ! ; y eo-uld not concuir , witifcMr . Buchanawthat politioaiIT ichango-alo ' nb would''Jbo- iiseless .. beeansethe coifi * « :, h

      ceiwjd i that / had-weVyidiiiment in'SSffEridci ^ S ,. i : tnpCTpwrelectey ; b ^ miiT ^ al ^ SMragc ^ W ^ 'hajgl ^ trmeri ^ p ; wo ^ yeiy % ee ^ Iy ! kbmi 6 . Jn ; '' P . ™ piMKiohs , ^ t ira ; tiO-i . tlie '^^ ^ prganisivtibnr of laboUp ?^* and th 8 j distab' ^ oitfio ^^ eaJth-. iJHe ' nce ^ fie ' saW '* " *' - ¦ uve '; the ; B . od » i « epubltoans' o 3 France ,. Hosiep Ger-- ' ¦ ' ' " ' ' ¦' man yv ^ eto- ^ anphe ^ OHtirientid'nations ^ t heseonca ' ' : successful / as he 1 triistedithey ¦ rfould be befare tHe / .- '• 1 a end ; of 1850 ; . England . sluggish . as she ,. was ,-: would arouse-from her apatfiy and ' elaim and establish ^ similar institutions for ^ herself , ( Cheers . ) / ' *" , ;; Mri iBc-BHAifANsaid ^ what he meant to convey * - " ' - ' ¦ was not thatrpolitical changes- were useless , but that- ' they should be accompanied with social changes / . '•¦ i 0 as -the . people ,.: of ^ . Franco-at the '¦¦ -. present tiriie ; * ' showed how ' hecess ' ary ^ it was to .-work Universal . ; 'ju Suffrage beneficially , that th& .- ' pepple .. should be- * ¦ * *> U instructed in their . social " rights " and dutiesi .- T ' { Hear , hoar . ) ' " ^ ' "V ;;; . ... . . . [ -- ,. ¦ ¦

      ., Chorusj— ' ^ Freemen'rejoice . " " "" ' " ; ; •;;• \ ' . Mr . Lloyd Joses gave the- next sentiment , —• ' , -. ' ' " . The marnyrs of Democracy ,- may the ; tree of' ; . liberty , planted by their hands , and nurtured with ; their best blood , ware ever green , a . lasting trophy ; ° ' of their sad fate and glorious fame . " r-Mr . Jones ' said , he responded . with plcasinc tothe Bentiment , ¦ ¦ <' : > ' and . believed , wcrp ' if ; not . fer the martyr spirit 'that 1 prevailed , every yestige of liberty " would , long ere ' - ' " - thjshave been obliterated tbut when tyrants loiitid / , ' . ' men in opposition to their Church and State de ' a * potism , say , ; my goods , nay , evenmy life you may take , but . theitruth you never shall wrest from me : such m « irtyrs were invincible apostles , and to them

      they ^ owed all the beneficial results that . had been obtained . ' ; ( Loud cheers , ) ' Fortunately , sth& patriots were not all under lock and key—some ^ yet roamed at large . One battle could not accomplish all the good required . He much feared a thousand battles musfc ^ be fought before prejudice and ' error would bo banished , andtruth become triumphant ; but he felt that th ' o" area had extended , and that the mass of the people were preparing to take part in , the combat . ; ( Loud cheers . ) ' There was one martyr who had riot yet been mentioned , ho meant Armaad Barbes . ( Applause . ) . ; ..: ¦ Tha , Chairman : Let us give ' three ehcei's for Barbesis The wholeaudieiice roso and gave three hearty huzzas . ¦ " ;;¦ : ;•• ¦ '• - ¦ ; : .

      Mr . Llotd-Josb 3 continued : It was to such mea they owed the-continental movement—it was to such men , France owed her Republican institutions * and ; it was to such ; menrshe would be indebted for any-social reforms sheinigbt obtain . ( Henr , hear . ) The time was coming when England would shake off her apathy , arid doubtless , men would be found to beard tyranny , put down ' oppression , and establish U-uefreedbm . ( Hear ; hear . ) ; ' Mr . ; James Grassbt said he had done all he could tori his continental brethren . He thought they should not wait until all other nations had gained their'liberty , and a king was not to be found to sit on ' a throne before they attempted to gain their liberty-j-but . that they , should at once promulgate the-besvuties and blessings of democratic institutions . ¦; ¦¦ ¦¦ ¦

      ( Cheers . ) . -- • ; - . - .. •; : , ¦/ ' . _ Chorns , "Marseillais , " which was so excellently , perfornied by the choir that an unanimous ' . ' encore" ' iwas the result , which was most promptly complied , with , amidst the hearty and prolonged plaudits 6 { ' the assembly . : . ¦ ¦ - • • ¦¦¦ Mr . John Pettie gave the following sentiment : " The Champions of Progression , cheered by the ' knowledge that their principles are cherished , and their deeds admired b y the good and true of every land—may they lire , to bless "tho world till themsblves are blessed in the triumph of their " glorious cause . " Mr . Pettio said , in ; speaking of the ' bHainpions of Progress , " that one knew riot Vhic . h' most ¦ to admire — their chivalry : iit peace or in war ; . but it may be asked of what does

      this' chivalry consist ? . not in fighting for a buckla or a _ rinw , or for a lady's beauty . - So , it was self sacrifice for a nation ' s freedom . The cry for freer dom was echoed by those who laboured , but had no comfort , by those who love yet had no joy . These sufferers must unite with all their heart ar id prcs 3 forward , resolved to conquer and sustain tho victprvv The time should yet come when Barbes , Louis Blanc , Kossuth ,. Lcdru Rollin . ' arid Mazzini would be fae champ ' iorisof the world , and inspired by this wish , with all his , soul he shouted—Long live the ctompions of Progression . ( Loud cheers . ) . ; Mr . Gerald Massey in respondinw said , in a conversation that took place between Robespierre and Saint Just , the former said : " Go to my friend ; he who would serve his country must bo prepared , to sacrifice himself ,. and > ievery thing ; " and that

      illustrious man had , in his own life , made this great truth self evident j again and ' again " were martyrs rising up to p ' orish . Why ? Because . of their , ; ( the 5 people ' s ) apath y ^ ' 1 S 00 years ago the > Saviour was sacrificed . " In later times Priestly house , had been destroyed , and that noble of nature , Thoma » Pairie , had'been persecuted ; Only a few years since their own fathers ' -were hounded ] 6 a . ti > cry , down with the . ' French , but forturiatelyit was not so now . They hold forth their hands and shoufc —Democratic Frenchmen we are with you . ' - ' 'Loag live the Red Republic . ( Loud , cheers . ) ,-. Yes , ' . * y © noble champions of ' Democracy , Kossuth , Louis Blanc , and Mazzini , we are with you . ~ ( Load cheers . ) Let them not cheer unless ; they ^ 'cro preparedto do soriiething moro , unless they were

      prepared to aid them ? Had they no incentives to march in freedom ! s van ? Let them ¦ read the repowts on "Labour and the Poor" ; in ; the . Momitu Chronicle . No incentives ?; -Did-not 80 , 000 pro ' stHues walk tho streets of London ? Andwhat working man was certaiui'that his . daiighter ^ niight : not bo compelled to sell ytho ~ sweets of ' love . for bread . They read that Christ was temptec' forty . days in tho xvilddrnes ? of tbo devil , : ' b ' ufi the workinjr classc 3 Jwere . tempted- , three . hundred and . sixty-five days every year by * tho . devils competition and misrule . ( Loud cheer ' s-. ) '¦; Kossuth shouted A'il Dtsptrandum , arid shook . Austria to * its centre ; MazzinLre-echoed Mipespcmii ' dumfsinA . the Pope fled , and' the papal institutions . were shivered ' to atoms . Mr . Massey concluded by cordially responding to the-sentiment . ; The Appollonieans then gave the ltiaKket chorus from Massinello , which was greotedi with a rapturous and well merrited encore .

      , ¦ . Mv . Staluvood moyeii a , vote ofi'tlianks to tho Indie ' s and gentlemen of the AppoHonican Society , for their kind and able services during the evening . Agreed to by acclamation . Miv Koaney returned thanks / expressing' for' himself" and ¦ friends" the pleasure that had been afforded bhei » by the festival . . On the motion of Gerald Massey ., seconded by a . continental democrat , a voteoftlianks was givea to the chairman . ... The Chairjias replied , and-called on the meeting . to give three cheors for the Red Republicans of the . . continent .: The meeting ; responded with thsca ^ hearty huwahs ,- " andonecheej-more . " ,., The hall was then cleared' for dancing , w . aich / continued until some- time past the mid-night aour . Up stai » s a large party were- entertained witli . vocal and iostrumontal Husio . Finally the comply •; retired , each and all expressing unalloyed idalaght at the manner in which they had bade faii&ivell to : ^ IW . and welcomed the dawn of I 80 O . . . .. i ;> ., ,

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      SHAEMAN CEA . WFORD QJX PEOTECTION .

      " Every dog will have his day , " and now for Siiabman's . IVe have stated , over and over again , the fact , that there is not such a landlord in Ireland as Shaeman Crawford , while , to his glory he it rememhered , that he is not afraid to trust his property to the keeping of the Chartist system , having seconded Mr . O'Connor ' s motion for the Charter , last session . There is not a Memher in the House who has so truly and understandahly defined

      the inevitable result of Free Trade , if the change was not met fcy the timely and prudent —nay legitimate—concessions of thelandlord ; hut his sound theory has been mocked by the BULL FROGS , who , unlike him , were not prepared to meet the change in an honest , reasonable , and straightforward manner . Sharmak Crawford—as we have before stated—never oppresses his tenants , and , therefore , stands in no dread of their vengeance ; and now we invite the reader ' s strict attention to the following extract from his able review of the position of landlord and

      tenant : — It has always been my opinion that the estimate of rent should be based upon a consideration of the productive poirers of lie soil , according to its qualities , appropriating to the landlord , for the use of the land , an annual amount , equivalent to bis fair proportion of the" produce created , after allowing the tenant his fair proportion « f the products , for management , for labour , and capital employed m the culture and improvement of the soil , and for all other cbarees which he might be liable to pay ; and that , at every new settlement of rent , whether of rise or faU , these pnndnles should be uniformly carried out . These are the Tfews which it has been my object to adhere to on all occasions in Which I hare been called on to estimate rent Unt however iustlv a landlord's proportion may be

      arranged at any particular period , by the tenant Being maoe liable to pay a certain annual s . unx in money , as representntr a certain proportion of produce , that proportion , so arranged in money , may cease to represent a just proportion of produce , and may . beeome entirely the reverse of a ust proportion , by a change in the markets . Therefore , it is my opinion that every letting of land , ^ in any form , whether for a longer or shorter term , should be subject to a re-adjustment of rent—according to the variations ofthe irices of produce—either annually , or from tune to time , as ' may be agreed upon ; and this becomes the more roamestlv necessary , on the plainest principles of justice , when aSSpS Tvbicii were passed by the Legislature for Se purpose of raising prices , and for the ulterior purpose ofSlduig rents . These laws were , in my judgment , ™ TSrLoled : but when , by the consequences of

      Hmtion w * 4 " l : ii-TLju-n entitled to be assured that they ram pulled down prices in the P ™* ent year , but wlucli ™ V »» continne tD operate in future years . The views 1 aav ? ex on some of these hive been charged accordmgto valoaUon

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      by myself ; in others , according to a valuation '; lr a professional valuator . The former were estimatedat a low scale ot pnces . and would not generally'requife much change but the latter appear to me to have been valued at a Kgher range of prices than I consider suitable- to the > . priee 3 now obtainable foragricnltural produce . ' ' * ^ lliave observed , with regret , that' an ' agitatidtt fanow being excited from certain , influential quarters '; ^ the object of which is to , luduce the tenantry of this country to believe that the pressure which they now feel arises solely from the repeal of the protective dirties , arid that no ' remedV can , . be foundunless by ^ a return of that fsystem ^ arid " th ' is n ** the face ofthe indisputable fact that in the years 1885 arid 1856 pneesof corn were lower , thini they are at thp present tone , notmthstanding the existence of a high prohibitjory ' duty at thatpenod . Now . - . whilst I am of opinion that the tenant should be protected , on the . matter of-rent , agairistl the effect of low prices , if tliey should continue : I am iMf " ii ««»« i * i'j ^ - « itL ' jL ; i ^ lLij . j ! : . . - ^ T ^^^;^; :-- - _

      equally decided m-my behalf that it is / perfectly competent to the tenant to have ample returns , even at the present prices , under a . full eiertion- of-his industry , ' ana ^ ari imi proved system of farming—provided the rent is jiistiy proportioned to prices , and the teifant 'has-i fair security for the value oflabourand ; capitalexperided , » b y ' the terms of his tenure ^ On my own estates , whilst there are many examples of industry and farming of the highest order , yet tnere is great room for improvement in thogerieM ' system of- culture , ; by ; which . ; the proiluctive' powers of the soil would be immensely ; increased ,.. - But this enterprise and exertion on the part ' ofthe tenant carihbt be expected / unless he in assured on the two i : p 6 iri £ 8 t have" ah-eady ' statea namely , a f fair rem ) and fiul . 8 ecority , ;; by ; teHnre > 6 PbtliP irtMfi for ; an valuei areatedjiy ^ his industry ,, Witfireiard to ; these pointSl am wflHngt&domy du ^; and . if ; th elenaot does his duty to himself , 1 have nodbubt that the elements of his prosperity are at his own command ; : i 1 ¦ "• ¦ ' 5 S 1 ? ' "

      The foregoing extract is in perfect accordj ance with our own views , arid in perfect unison with the motion submitted to Parliament , in 1834 , by Mr . O'Connor , namely ; --. ; , That all leases be made in perpetuity , at a cohnbent , and that , in all cases where land is now lield ' upou lease at too high re « ts , the value to be ; estimated by ' an impartial jury , in the same manner as the Crown and-. corporations are empowered to estimate the value of buildings , or other property required for na tional or corporate purposes . ''" ' That was Mt / O * Oonnor's proposition in 1834 , and ere long it must be adopted as the law of the land , as rip farmer ^ yvill expend his capital upon an uncertain tenure , at a rent measured by landlord-caprice or ; necessity , or the cultivators' hope or folly ;; and no landlord has a right to measure the value of ; his land by any other standard than—not by ; the anticipated—the real value of its produce . ' . I "

      AH this exuberant hope of thirigs settling down , and coming to a proper level ,- may be satisfactory to those who can wait patiently for the settlement and level , but ; the maxim , " Lite Horse and you'li g et Grass , ^ will not satisfy those who have not' the n | earis of living till the expected satisfaction arrives "; and , in confirm ation of Shabiian Crawfokd ' s assertion , we again warn the landlords , that escape froiri utter ruin wholl y depends , upon applying their land to state necessity , by bringing it into the retail , market / and thus , according to .. thegjrinciple of political economyj open a channel so wide , now that all others are closed , that will allow all nature ' s children to suck at nature ' s pap . . ;

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      were loft a considerabie sum of money b > ) o lord , and sho" received Us , a ' . wcpk tlrc ^ g h the hands of Mr ; Sergeant Sheo . ' . She died oa Wond-xj movninglast , and up to tho last moment of hex life was'iritheposs ' essionof ' all' her , faculties , hei list fiords being i responsos to tbe prayers which wei o being offored up ! for . her .- "Her ; chief suppoit lately was ? wino and . sago . * The cause of her death was . inflammations qf , tho , a'ight ; lung ,: as found upon ^ the post morUm oxnininatron ; verdict , " mml Death . " ?

      the 5 iob Death or a CentenarI '" ' —Yesterday an inquest was held by Mr . Membmy Wakley , at Siio Coopers *; . Arms , Hamp deri-strcet ,. Somers-townk on the body . of Ellen Linimei ' , a widow , aged } 90 " year s , wbo , died at Brill-terrace , Som 6 rs-town where she was , living on a small annuity . It appeared frorii the . evldenco that the deccasGd was fov many years in the family ofthe lato Lord Ventry , an Irish peer , as lady ' s-maid ,, her husband ,- who died about seven years ago ; having been valet , to his . lordship . They

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      p i ^ lll ^ ra ^ l ^ lr ^ pf S ? 5 Jg > : " The ' Friteriial Festiyai ^ c ' g ^ ofiFraternaf' Bem ^ rat 3 , ' cam * . ' . offoh-rifew' Year ' s sEve ; Mori&yfMcmVpr . SM , ^ hall ! $ f : i ! in& ^ hn ^ ' r ' eet ! 4 Liiterafy » : ; ' and' ^ SBieaiifio . ' . Institutron . - ^ i ^^ avd ^ pfthrceih ^ down to tea ; ana' -su'ijsfeijuerit arriTals ' -irici-eaiswi ' that ' number . Of coraisoa Jarge ' riumber of the- fair sex ' ^ i ?^^ C % Wl !! i-- ^ R * l >? il' P ?«??? S * s $ he ; yyi \ n . S 90 n » itpxn ' tiyn ^ pl ^ evfifVond ' piisenty ' garre-siBr nificant to ^ eri- of'M- 'fady ^ needr rs ' eritimenitsi It boih ; men ; and' wiobwniVjl'Jie * ApipUofeicafe " : S 6 . oiety ;' . con 8 istirig ; pf rf choirof iixtyvbicegiYr ^ rhallysaw ioij tioaiatii 1

      m . uuo winioucieoorrowara . ' I'eanavHig . 'been : taken : and ] itheftableW clbared ^ Mw Deithier " pcrfoi'ined a ^ popular . ovevtnjBte , on ? the > 6 vizan ; . ; after $ j ? te ci . vUJi-. i- ^ A ¦ ¦ £ , ; > ¦ v :: i ? -: v : Mk : 3-7 ; . ' On therr . otion ^ of p . SsajnEOopp , secpneted'hy , Jl GteASSw ;;' 6 : 7 triiiNHARKiii ; was appointed io > take the ' ehair . ^ » . v fi ' ' --- " -i-- ? . * -- *" .. ' ¦' ¦' ¦ ' f' — .. .... v .- ,.. . ¦ ,.,,.. i ^ The choir ; abided bj ; Mr % d Mrs . ^ JaNij ^ BS ; , : then jgavefth 61 . chorus ^•• "USott pray we 'ifor our country ; " . <;*?!/ & ' / ijfntM ^ . ; L' « KV |^ . ! M ..- •' . ' «^ . ¦ ¦ - '; .. V ^ hb fjHAip s ^ HiBaulJiiriJrising ^ iBn ^** w-w > rd 8 PX FWfif < i 9 t ? oduotiofl ^ p > : th ^ prooeediri g ^ everangjlmu ^ hankjyoujforth jr ; appointitifg ¦ me . your 6 hairjna ^ for ^ c % ^ ree ti ; ifc £ ; nbtffith ? tandin £ ; th 7 e . ; dJi ^ : hocActifby"theindi yiauarwhoriiyeJu' / wjll ' at p 4 e » eo ) gnise ,: wlien I speak' of him ; a 3 tijip ; Imperial Shan Republican ; Special' Constable ? 5 > ( JHear ^ he * } . ) vThero is , however ; this difference'between ' myjchaii'manship and his—thatl amhoielebtiBd for SU' ^ ears , nor fprfour , hours . I am-removable at

      any moment should I fail in the efficient discharge of my "dutie 9 . On , no " other , terms could- you , as sterling democrats , tolerate a chairinan ; eyen for one mpnienK' A' President , ' in the ordinary sense of the . term , we repudiate . A four yearsfe King , even though uncrpwned , 13-oppesed ; to the " ^ inciplej of Democracy /'"' To elevate one man so highTabove his fellow-citizens is a two-fold crime—a temptation ' ¦ to the one , and an indignity to tho many . ' * ' Naturally the elected chief ; is tempted to render 'his , elevation ' permaherit ; ' and still more ; commanding , by : transforming himself into an ab ' solute monarch , hOn the other liand ; men who violate the principle . of Equality , by raising on their ' shields , ' or'by their suffrages , a chief to so exalted . a position , thereby reduce themselves from the rank of citizens to that of subjects ; and who shall say ; that when a people have so far fallen , they will not further , fall to the level of slaves ? , Btron in mourning over thefall of the ancient Greeks , observes : ¦ : .: > ; : ¦

      : " Twas self-abasement paved the way ¦ ¦ 5 - ¦ ¦; . Tp villain bondsand despots' sway . "; > , i . :. ' ,: And ! instances arei noti .. wanting in : modern . history exhibiting similar effects : flowing frem a like , cause . Notto speak of other nations , ; we may . remember that' our own , fathers instead of establishing , a veritable Republic , submitted , themselves to the yoke of Cromwell , only preparatory to ' their still more disgraceful submission to the third Stuart ^ the infamous Charles the 2 nd . To return . to a present would-be royal ; personage , we must give the devil . " his due in acknowledging that-President Buonaparte has done this gooa service :-he has brought both . the pffice ' of President , and his family name into contempt ' . "A mighty gain for Prance

      and freedom . Passing from ; thisr { subject ,. I must next speak of thei character of this festival as defined by its name . -This hall has been the theatre of ; Chartist festivals , Democratic " -festivals , and Socialist festivals ; but the Praternal ^ Democrats have the honour this night of inaugurating , what I trust we may regard as the first . of a ; series of Fraternal , festivalSi ,..... ( Hear , ' . hear . ) ,. I see myself surroundedby men who . differiri ^ somerespects , . but who , neverthelessi ' pbs&ssTmuch in' cpmnibn , ] and who , in my opinion ,, might find ; a / common ground of union , from which * to " putfovth a ' powerful and effective propaganda . -The ' Fraternal Democrats desire that combination , and , hence , a principal reason for holding this festival . ¦ JWhy ! should

      there . not be that union ; or , at least , that / brotherhood of the leading spiritslqf the movement which I trust will characterisb ' this meeting ? I believe , ' Imay say , the flag _\ ve all fight under is one and . tho same . The " banners of'the several sections may vary all shades between pink and crimson , but I presume we are all red , ( Great applauso . ) Tho urgent need for a Democratic Social propaganda must be evident to every sensible and feeling man . Look at the mass of misery unveiled by the reports in the Morning C / iro } 7 ! c ? e--unveiled not to us be-, cause we know of it before , biii . unveiled to tho nations who have so often been stunned with thundering vaunts of the " greatness " and " happiness ' . ' of England . The schemes ofthe Free Traders have

      failed to stay the downward course of . this nation ; The reduction ' of a few millions of taxes , the repeal of the tea tax , or . the tobacco tax ,: cannot sensibly affect the condition of the London needlowomen , the . agricultural labourers , and the di 8 tres _ sed clasees generally ] I am pursuaded , that any change short of a thoroughly , democratic , and . social reformation , will be ineffective to prevent the downward course and ultimate destruction of this nation . This festival is called " Fraternal" because also we desire to express thereby our brotherly feeling for the defenders of liberty and justice in all nations . 'Repudiating and . denouncing the lies and calumnies of

      the Times , and the rest ofthe monopolist press of England , we declare , that the Red-Republicans and Social Refbrjfiers of the ' continent , have our hearty sympathieVi&d good wishes . ( Applause . ) ' 'We declare , in the sublime words of Robespierre , that " He who oppresses one nation , is the declared enemy of all ; and that "Men of all countries are brothers , and the ^ eople of each ought to yield one another mutual aid , ' according to their ability , like citizens of the same state . " In other words , wo declare that all the peoples of the earth are-brethren . ( Great applause . ) Did men ever struggle or suffer fora holier creed ? ' - ' ¦ ¦ - ¦ - .. ¦ - -

      " Is there n thought can fill the human mind , . More pure / more vast , more generous , morerefin'd , Than that which guides the enltehten'd patriots toil ? Not he whose view is bounded by his soil , " Not he whose narrow heart can only shrine ¦ The land—the people that hecalleth mine ;¦¦'¦ ' Not he who to setup that land on high , . : ; .: Will make whole nations bleed , whole nations die ; Not he who calling that _ iand ' sj . ; ights his pride , . Trampleth the rights of all the , earth' beside ; ' :-. ' No !—He it is , the just , the generbus ' sq ul I' " " -.,. . Who owneth brotherhood with either pplej ' ., ' ' Stretches from ' realm to" realm his spacious mind , And guards the weal of all the human kind , ¦ - Hold s Freedom ' s banner b ' er ' the earth unfurl'd , And stands the guardian patriot of a world !' - ' ¦ : s : > ( Renewed applause . )

      Could my voice reach the defenders of Democracy who are at present proscribed and suffering for their adherence to tne : cause of justice , I would implore them to . cultivate a . truly / raternal spirit , in order , that , when next they confront the foe ^ they may do so as a phalanx , united arid invincible . Undoubtedly grave' errors have been committed , . but to be liable to error is an infirmity of our nature . The worst of all errors would be division in pur own ranks . I shall make plain what Imeari , 'by reT minding you of the events of the 17 th' of March ; 1843 , -wheft ; two . hundred thousand ipi'bletai'iana marched through the streets of tf . uis to testify their determination to uphold .: the j Republic , ( v Undoubtedly on that " day . Blan 4 ui , was the far-seeing

      man . Had he been' strong enou gh , the traitorous majority of the Provisional government would have been expelled from power , and V new revolution would have prevented ' all -the disaster 3 ' wh'icb ! have since overwhelmed Democracy . . But , while ' p ' aying lo Blanquba gust-. tributorfor ; ilia capacity ana courage , let us not : commit < th « great injustice of condemning all who did not see . as he saw as knaves or fools . 1 trust ; that ourjcpntinental brothers in this , their day ' of . misfortune / ' will exohangq explanations , and agree ' to'forgive ^ and-forget all past differences . ( Hear , hear , ) Our flriends are in the dust at this moment , but tfieif foturV'and noi distant triumph , is certain :- 'Very soon from aJl the peoples of Europe will arise , the cry— Viv& la Bepublique Democratiqua et . Sociale ; ( Great cheoring . ) We must exalt the principle of Frateraiiy to tho place heretofore occupied by creeds now worn out ;

      arid cunningly devised systems now exploded . Fraternity , we . must , not merely Jnsoribe on our banners ';' -but imprint oh our hejivts , and make the ruleof our actions . If we do so , no power can prevent piir triumph . The peoyjles will march , shoulder to shoulder , and tramplo down all their enerojies i—^ the Re'd ; Flag will make the tour of the woild , and rall all nations round Liberty ' s Tree . ( Prolonged applause . ) : . . ' _ , , , ; - : :,: > ^ . - --r ^ , I Robert Bochanan proceeded to give the following seritimntit : — " Fraternityj ; may its influence oxtend uht ; tl beneath , its shadow , all nations " of the earths ^ all dwell as orieriri peace ; 'happiness , And lOVe . ' ! . " ' - - \ : ;\ i .--: ;; v : u i- !¦ ¦ ¦ & ¦ & i ^ y : ; - ' - ' / ' : " r M ?; Buchahan said ; he cordially conourred in-tho ser ^ imerit ^ he had read , and trusted the . day would s ; Soil arrive when they should -be ; inf . the enjoyment of that blessed state . But mere ., words ^ wpuld ; not accomplish it . No ! » great b ' attle was yet to be fought , and they must effect » great radical change ,

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 5, 1850, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1555/page/1/