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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st February 1851, Edition 1 of 3, Page 5

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      fle detailed the evidence winch the demolition of thick - -it WcSS" * *> flR 0 * " ^ murderous trapi for private ex . ^ nons , the immured skeletons , the deep mils where eC otfme had not entirely calcinated the ossuary re-4 % T { he moral inscriptions still dimly legible in the " ^ Veon cells , and all the sad suggestive appearances - hio presence of a body of citizens and a notary pub-/ ksrioti , who htsbeen since rotting in gaol for the Hfirinance of a ample ministerial office ) , have been ^ n to the public , and baffle all attempts at explanation p re" ^ rt of the hireling * who have lied through thick "" iiMato paliate these atrocities . The recent bookef s ^ jnj Dealmss with the Inquisition , " is equally cir-*^» ntial on these points : in Rome to controvert them " ^ Mtestaplsriaiculons . Kindling with the subject the '"" Lbroueht before his auditory wed and striking de-< ^ 5 on 3 iM the fourteen methods of torture in practical " aad fcrniingflie orthodox machinery for extorting '^ rils . The vigour and fervour of his sketches were ^ rfullv impressive , especially when he conjured up the V t ne crucmed Saviour presiding over these Satanio io * * the lighted candles , fee chalice of redemption . l ffimUetns of God ' s ineflable love forfallenman , dragged ^ m as monstrous accomp lices of these blasphemous ^ Why , " asked the orator , "doI dwell -n this hackneyed and exhausted topic ? " ffi 3 answer to that question is worth extract-L in extenso . Its bearing upon recent events ir / this country , its direct reference to Cardinal Wiseman , * ho , while plausibly talking « f civil andreligious liberty in this country is allied with " the Gaeta gang of felons who have re-established tyranay in Home , are all matters worth pondering upon . The Peoples must band themselves against the Despot ' s L eague : — 1

      , ___ , _ , _ , _ ., The winciple of the inquisition is exploded and avJ ^^ xn .-bntthe present combinabon of what are oSeaio ^ rs '^ utheVn Europe is but a rile inquisi-SdSeWtoforce and fetter the feelings of men X ^ not be dragooned or tortured into acquiescence ^ fdaverj . ( Cheera . ) Vienna andthe Vatacan maj mter-Sa ^ e ririEties ; Pilate and Herod , hitherto at variance , mav shake hands over the immolation of Italy , bet the hour of her resurrection has yet to come , and the foreign goldiers who now guard her sepulchre , blasted by the eSufcenee of her recuperated glory will be scattered at the uprising of her independence —( cheers )—this is an eventuality wh < ch no Austrian inquisition eon control , nn pressure « f rack or thumbscrew can retard , though the hoaryoead' -d Radetski preside at the clerical council of torture , and Tnrquemada revisit us ia the hideous form of Ilayaau .

      ( Thunders of applause . ) Let others talk of Hurgary , and horrors enacted on the Danube ; we know what that miscreant's achievements were among ourselves . The butcheries of Brescia cry to Gedfor vengeance!—Babes writhing on the bayonet ' s point—our maidens brutally flalated—our old men cloven down within the sanctuary of the household—a prosperous and happy community eudden ' y swamped in a deluge of blood , and visited with the WOTtl of Atma and the torch of the Iluns . Let the tiger look for sympathy to the Spanish Cardinal Wiseman , but the heartof manhood still beats in England , and execration tracks the footsteps of a scoundrel . ( Cheers . ) The fi st act ofthe Gaeta gang of felons , when the burglaryof Romehad been accomplished , was to gag the inhabitants , and restore in all its abhorred machinery that instrument of tyranny the Holy Office . Can Wiseman deny this ? Can he brazen out

      fht fad of oeer sixty clergymen bang at this hover tn its ivtigcons , from which Jlonragnor Gazzola and Or . Achiili bare been rairacolously rescued t Is not their crime that Of which I am enilty , and glory in , having been chaplain to a regiment of freemen bent on the deliverance of their country ! ( Cheers . ) Let this cardinal nnnive no loDger at his master's handiwork in Rome—let him come into court here with clean hands—let him bring for our inspection a ball suppressing the holy office and its ignoble accessories there , and then nuke his " appeal to the feelings of Englishmen . " Until then how can he expect to be looVe' on hi any other light than as a sneaking interloper , only waiting the fullness of time to cast off appearances and stand revealed in his true character—an agent of the Botnaninquisition ? It matters not whether the instrument set at work be a besotted mob of truculent and degrading beings from another island , as at Birk < -nhi ad , or the circulation of calumny in sermons , or conversations , or in print , the animus is the same—the spirit of Torquemada only transmigrates into whatever foul receptacle

      can be made available for its temporary accommodation , till it can attain full-blown dimensions and unbounded away . Men of England , keep your eyes fixed cnliome . See the poliiical and social consequences o what is sought to be palmed off on you as a mere spiritual system . See in that prostrate and terror-stricken city , wliere a new'Dominick has called to the aid of his tirra another Simon de Montfort ; where the Btdouim and Algerines of France assist at the brntalising spectacle of a nation dragged backwards to the dismal phantasmagoria ofthe dark ages , blinded , gagged , manacled , and manned ; looks ; radily at Rome ! We look , too , at our beloved , bleeding Italy ! We have learnt to measure the mercies of re-acti'iu , and we treasure up the hoarded memory of our wrong *; the day will yet dawn for retribution . The wretched mitred king , the miserable eunuch of Florence , aad the brutal Bomba , wh » m ten thousand families in their daily and nightly orisons to Heaven curse with a wail of unutterable woe , shall know the full extent of our remembrance ( Thnndcrs of applause . )

      The burning eloquence of this passage will excuse the length of the extract . It is worthy a million of the stereotyped namby pamby speeches about " Papal Aggression , " which parsons , trembling for tithes and benefices , and twaddling old women in breeches of " a serious turn , " have for the last three or four months indulged in . It hits the bull ' s eye right in the centre—points out the real danger , and cells upon the people of England , of Europe , in a trumpet noteworthy ofthe combat , to don their armour for the Btrife . No wonder that Cardinal Wiseman does not

      feel well , and has gone to Hastings to recruit bis health . Father Gavazzi is not ' a man in buck-ram , " and it will require other arms than those of Falstaff to slay him . There is hope for Young Italy , and for the Continent , while men can be found to speak , and newspapers to publish , such brave , free-spoken , and stouthearted defiance to the banded despots who seek to trample European liberty in the dust

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      POOR LAW ADMINISTRATION . One of the " legal fictions" which abound in British Legislature , is that each individual U bound to contribute towards the support of the poor in proportion to his property . In England the rating is upon rental ; in Scotland , where , till lately , there was no recognised legal claim for relief , the rating , it appears , can be laid upon income . A case showing the unjust and injurious manner in which Hie law is administered in Scotland , has been brought under our notice by one who has suffered from it

      Those acquainted with Poor Law Administration in the rural districts of England , know that it is no unusual occurrence for poor hard working labourers to be distrained upon , and sent to the workhouse , because they are unable to pay Poor Rates ; but that our " longheaded , ' * " canny , " prudent , and thrifty friends , the Scotch , should have imitated such a suicidal and absurd course of conduct , we could hardly have believed before hand . The matter is not mended . When we keep in view the fact , that while the few " sticks of furniture" of the poor man , who receives 93 .

      or IO 3 . a week to maintain a large family , are liable to be seized upon , the law has expressly exempted seme ofthe richest and most flourish * ing corporations from the duty of contributing to support the poor . The Universities , with their broad acres , rich endowments , snug fellowships , and venerable colleges—the Inns of Court where busy barristers coin their brains into gold—the " extra parocial places" which the increase of population , and the improvement of agriculture , have made valuable to the landowner : all these pay nothing in the shape of poor-rate . In addition to this , direct exemption of means ? nd substance , the system of society gives an

      indirect and still more extensive unanimity . ¦ Che rich crowd into parishes in our cities and towns almost wholly inhabited by their own das 3 . Settlements and paupers are few , and consequently the rates are light . In the count ry , where the parish is owned by two or three landlords , they combine to make it a " close one . " In other words , they pull down erist ing cottages , build no new oneB , and drive toe labourersio reside in the nearest" open " pari shes . They employ them when wanted , or in health—when not needed , er when pro-HUed by disease , the burden of their support « Us not upon those who reaped the advantage wd the profit of their labour , but upon the Parish m which they have a settlement .

      The result is , that as a general rule , the P °° support the poor ; the rich escape from ^ ifaibuting accerding to their means , and a rarden , which is ostensibly laid npon the pro-P | rty of the country is shifted on the shoulders of those least able to bear it . It would appear that the worthy administ rators of the Poor Law in the parishes of ¦ "Mul ee , LifiV and Benrie , have been taking 9 lessons from their English brethren in aut hority . By a pamphlet now before us , iajoedb y one of the aggrieved parties , we learn ™» t the Poor Law Board of Dundee have * j * en two individuals from their homes and ^ Qr occupations , andplaced them in prison , for refusing , or being unable to pay the rates they

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      were assessed . In the one case the imprisonment lasted three months ! In the other it was cut down to twelve days , by payment of the rate and coEts to a lawyer larger than the asaessment , in order to escape from " durance wle ; while scores of similar cases only got scot free b y paying rates and expenses under terror of being locked up . This is exemplif yiHg the virtue of " strong government" with a vengeance ! But perhaps there was something in the peculiar nature of the cases which justified the board in dealing bo vi gorously with the defaulting ratepayers ? Our readera shall judge .

      The first case was that of a workin g man in the united parishes of Leff and Benrie , who was " assessed on his means and substance at £ 40 a year . His emplo yment was that of a mason , depending at all times upon the weather , and , for at least , three or four months hi the year , thrown entirely idle by frost and ram . To our English readers it may be necessary to state in addition that the

      , wages paid in the north to the building trades , are very much below those paid in the southern part of the island , varying , according to locality , from 15 a . to 20 s . a week . We do not know the exact rate of wages in the parishes of Leff and Benrie , but judging from analogy and from our recollections of the locality , we should say that it does not exceed 16 a . or 18 s . a week at

      most . If so , it must be apparent that even if the assessment was just in itself , it was far too high . But let us endeavour to realize to our minds the nature ofthe transaction as a whole . Here is a hard working , steady operative , who has perhaps a large family , to lodge , feed , clothe , and educate , out of an average income of lls . or 12 s . a week . He finds , that with the utmost thrift and industry , he is barely enabled to make both ends meet , but prizing independence and an honourable name , above all things , he is contented to " put a stout heart to a stey brae , " and to battle bravely with the difficulties surrounding him . The law and its administrators ought to encourage such a hero in humble life , for true heroism it is . and that

      of the noblest kiad , to do daily battle with ever recurring necessities , slavish toil , and stinted means . Not so , think the administrators of the Poor Law in Dundee . His burdens are not heavy enough in their estimation ; they saddle him with the liability to support others poorer ( perhaps ) than himself , and when they find that he breaks down under the screw , they seize the honest independent labourer and imprison him like a felon , at the expense of the county-rates , the poor-rates , or both !

      In the case immediately under notice , the mason , not being able to pay the eightpence a pound assessed upon his supposed income , with legal expenses , was sent to gaol . The amount of debt , with costs , was £ 216 s . 4 | d . Unable , of course , to support himself in prison , he made application for the benefit of the act of grace to insolvent debtors , and was awarded , by the magistrates of Dundee , an alimentary allowance of eightpence daily . This amounted , in the end , to twice as much as the rate , for the non-payment of which he was incarcerated . So that the Board burnt the candle at one end , and the magistrates at the other !

      Truly , the wisdom of this generation is foolishness ; and the heads of our legislators and administrators have got a twist the wrong way ! The unredeemed absurdity of such a course of proceeding is too palpable for comment ; but , as we understand the local Press dare not , or will not , grapple with the question , we beg to ask the ratepayers of Dundee if they are content that injustice should be committed , and their money squandered in this reckless and mischievous manner ? If not , the remedy is , to a large extent , in then" own hands . Let them speak out at a public meeting on the subject , and bring the " worshipful shallows " of the Poor Law Board to then : senses by the salutary influence of public opinion .

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      M . LOUIS BLANC AND THE WORKING CLASSES OF PARIS . An address has just beenreceivedbythis gentleman from the Clichy Association of working tailors , in which they renew , in eloquent terms , their assurances of affectionate personal regard , and their continued and devoted attachment to the principles and plans of which he is the apostle and propounder . They counsel

      him to bear patiently and hopefully his present exile , in the full faith that at no distant period he and they will witneBS and participate in the blessings arising from a just reorganisation of society . This address may be taken aB an index of the general feeling of the working classes of Paris towards M . Louis Blanc ; and it ia gratifying to find that years of absence and exile have not weakened the bonds that unite them to their most eloquent and enlightened friend and advocate .

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      WINDING UP OF THE LAND COMPANY . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sib , —Anxious as any one to see the Winding-up of the Land Company carried out , I wish to suggest the propriety of remitting the whole of the monies subscribed for that purpose , whether by loan or otherwise , direct to the " Stab" Office , and made payable to Mr . 0 Connor or Mr . Wm . Rider . I feel satisfied that unless that is done the subscriptions will fall very short of the mark , as I know , from my own personal experience , that many ofthe Land Members object to sending any monies to the Land Ofiice .

      I am , Sir , yours respectfully , ; John Pearcet . < ( A Paid-up Shareholder ) . I Rotherhithe , January 27 th . ;

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      WINDING UP AND DISSOLUTION OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY .

      TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COMPANY . FffiffiSDS . — The bill for dissolving and winding up the affairs of our association is now prepared , and has been lodged at the proper quarter as required by law , along with a petition from the Directors , for introduction to the House of Commons immediately after the commencement of the approaching session . There yet remains necessary legal and other steps which the presentation of these papers to Parliament will necessitate , which cannot , however , be taken unless the neces ; sary funds be provided forthwith .

      The Directors do not desire , nor is it reasonable to expect , that these expenses , which should be borne by the entire Company , should be paid by a section only . They propose that whatever may be advanced for this purpose shall be by way of loan j that all monies so lent shall bear interest at the rate of five per cent per annum—both principal and interest to be paid out of the proceeds ofthe sale of the Company ' s property , before auy dividend shall be made in favour of any member whatsoever . Thus all will be made

      to contribute towards the fund . Those who will not advance money themselves will be made to pay interest upon sums lent by others . The Newcastle , South Shields , and Asbton branches have already proposed that a plan of this sort should be acted upon ; and the Directors in thanking them for the suggestion , have now to announce that they have opened a book at the Office ofthe Company , fui the purpose of entering sums to the credit 61 each individual subscriber , who will obtain a certificate of the amount lent , and which certificate shall entitle the holder to receive back , at the winding up of the affairs of the Company , both the whole amount lent , together with five per cent , per annum , from the date of its advancement .

      That all monies sent shall be by Post Office Order , addressed to the Directors , 144 , High Holborn , and made payable to the Treasurer , Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., at the Post Office , Bloomsbury . Branch Secretaries , and others desirous of bringing the affairs of the Company to a speedy and satisfactory settlement , are respectfull y requested to promote the LOAN FOR wiHDmaup , to the extent of their power . Feakgus O'Connor , Christopher Doyle , Thomas Clark , William Dixon , Phillip M'Grath .

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      NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . , 00 cm ~ h , Southampton-street , Strand . theirusu ^ 'l ? Commi « ee of this body held e SU £ J eekJy meetin ? . asabove , on Wednesday SSSv JnrL ™ ™ t-Mes 8 r 8 . Arnutt , Grassby , SffiJn hU ? ' " ^ ilne ' Absent-Mr . O'Connor SpSuon Z ° " ca 8 hire - Mr . Reynolds from "' rece&J' v ; Ho y ° ake from whom a «<*¦* been uZBJ ^ f ° , leaTe of absence . as he ^ ness MW . A alled out on important bust-I % l £ rfr = ^ rrjs ; Ww- "fc-Xt tiS ' amrC'i ' f Wi ^ . New Radford , Nots ! £ shiP ? H J ? ' PadLham - Pai 8 ley . R ( > yt ° i > . fnir ! L fnrit ' - J ? t 011 ' Worcester , includh ! unitpSn tlOn -, of 81 X new localities ; a so from mendhXSUn w Oll 8 Of the Tower Hamlets , recomof ho fntVh ?? . cutive Committee the propriety L ! e puillc meeting * for the election of the Me tiopohan Delegates to the forthcoming finn . to

      ^ " ' « ' t'ng of . . . Messrs . Shaw , Westoby , Bx «« r « r W be 6 n a PP ° inted t 0 conW . with the Exeeuuve relatwe to the sessional motion of Mr . Ph , «~ / ° ! ' « "lament of the Pcoplo ' s . £ tnti ' n Ac cordln 8 l y > Mr . Newley , one of the said deputation attended , and stated that the body he . E ? k £ ere desiro » 13 that the Executive would flJ / ; . M x < ° Connor on the p ° li ( jy ° givin ? notice u the House of Commons of moving his motiqn for the the enactment of the Charter as an amendmen t on Mr . Hume ' s motion for Parliamentary Ketorm , being of opinion that thereby Mr . heSn ' nOr w get a . house , and obtain a fair uii the motion of Messrs . Grassby and Arnott , it was unanimously agreed :- That the discus ' sion on the question be postponed until the next meetine ; - "' - " ¦ " - ¦ ¦

      lhe Secretary reported that the Hall of the Litorary and Scientific Institution , John-street , had been engaged for a public meatlng on Tuesday evening , February 4 th ; and that the Institution , Carlisle-street , Portman Market , was also engaged lor a similar purpose on Thursday evening February 13 th ; and also that the United Councils of the Tow er Hamlets were desirous that a public meeting should be held at the Woodman Tavern , a * early as possible ; and , further , that the friends in Westminster had expressed a desire that a meeting Bhould speedil y be held in the Temperance Half , Broadway . r ' The scrutineers appointed to inspect tho votes which bad been forwarded on behalf of those nominated to fill the vacancy in the Executive Committee caused by the resignation of Mr . William Davis , attended and gave in the following a 3 their report : —

      Number of Votes Received . Thornton Hunt 1069 Thomas Martin Wheeler ' 108 Ruffy Kidley ' ci Robert Le Blond ... 47 W . J . Linton ... 28 Edward Miles 5 " Wo certif y that the above is a true and correct statement ; and as Edinbugh , Stockport , Todmorden , Coventry , Tiverton , Arbroath , Howick , Cnpplegate , East London , Globe and Friends , and several other localities delayed sending in their Totes , the above is a faithful list of all the votes received by the appointed day ; and we also state , that as Mr . Edmund Stallwood had resigned , the votes recieved on his behalf were not recorded . \

      ( Signed ) " IIbrbt Blooiifibld , Jacob Blakb , " John Kkuby , Stephen Rby . noi . ds . " Mr . Jones gavo notice that at the next meeting he would move : — " That the Executive Committee take their seats at the National Convention about to be held in London , ' ex off . no ; that they he allowed to express their opinions on the various propositions submitted , but not to vote , and that they be not elected by any constituency as delegates . " ' . The Committee then adjourned to Wednesday evening , February 5 th . Signed on behalf of the Committee , JonN Arnott , General Secretary .

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      ^ MONIES REGEIVED Fob the Week Ending Thursday , January 30 ih , 1891 . FOR THE THE HONESTY FUND . BECE 1 TED BY W . E 1 DEE . G . It , Bland , London ,, ,, 0 10 Muenden Stones , near Halifax , per T . Bancroft Oil 1 J . Baxter , Tutbury .. .. 0 0 0 Messw . Stean , Parker , and Bird , Radfora , neap Coventry .. .. .. 010 J . Miller , Haswell Colliery .. .. 0 0 6 J . Giidhill , Longroyd Bridge .. ,, 0 1 0 ; From Worcester—J . Pulin .. ., 0 2 0 H . llerrick .. .. .. 010 From Liverpool _ S . Holland .. .. 010 M . Robinson .. .. .. 010 BLDugdale .. .. .. 010 Bedford per G . Black ( 2 nd sub . ) .. 0 2 0 Nottingham , per J . Sweet .. .. 030 W . M M'Lean .. .. .. 010 T . Brown .. .. .. 010 Per J . Gilbertson—Friends , Carlisle .. 6 14 51 Cummersdale Print Works .. .. 0 9 6 Kingstown .. .. .. 0 4 4 J £ rt "" nBeck .. .. .. 018 Hu ll , a Female Chartist , per G . Barnett .. 0 7 6 Southampton , per G . Goodman .. .. 0 2 6 Warwick , per C . Tristram .. .. 0 7 G From Cheltenham—W . Stone .. .. 0 0 6 . £ ' - •• .. 010 A Manchester Manufacturer .. ., 0 10 A . M'Clement , Glasgow .. .. 0 10 J . Turnbull .. .. .. 010 ¦ '* ' : _ £ 4 : -0 1 1 ECEIVZD BT JOHK ABNOTT . Mr . and Mrs . Windier .. ,. 0 2 0 G . Williams , Kingsland .. .. 016

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      NATIONAL CHARTER FUND . Received by John Abnott . —Two Friends , Griffin-street 2 s—Messrs . A . and C . Jones , Islington 7 s—Greenwich and Deptford . per A . Cooper 10 s—Collected at Cowper-strect £ 18 s ljd—Cards at Cowper-street 9 s 3 d—Mr . Elliott , at Cowper-street Is—A . Bell Is—Bulwell , per W . Hicken 2 s—Haworth , per J . Southwell 16 s—Ramsgate , per Mr . Rider 2 s-Halifax , per T . Wood £ 1 5 s—Woreter , per J . Harding 9 s—Liverpool , per W . LCostine Is—Limehousc Locality , per W . Simmynds 6 »—W . Bowling Is—Dundee , per G . Woodward 7 s 6 d—Newport , Isle of Wight , per Mr . Harney 2 s-E . J . Cottrell Is . —Total , £ 610 s 10 $ l . FOR THE HUNGARIAN AND POLISH REFUGEES . Received by W . Rider . —Ockbrook , near Derby , per J . Stevens 5 s—Glasgow , per W . Taylor Us Cd-G . B ., Shilton 3 s . Received by John Aesott . — V . D . 5 d—AlJster , Edinburgh 8 d—H . Livesay Landport Gd—W . Reynolds , Stalybridge , per J . H . Is . DEFENCE FUND . Received by W . Rideb . —J . Wells , Brick-lane " , Spitalfields Is .. Received by John Abbott . — Bermondaey Locality , per H . Edwards 10 s .

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      A Scotch Gianx . —A young gentleman , aged nineteen years , came passenger ia the steamer Admiral . He is a native of Scotland , but for some time past has arrived in Nova Scotia . He is seven feet four inches and a half high , fifty-Bix inches in circumference round the breast , and weighB 335 pounds . —Boston ( U . S . ) Paper . The Pdsbtitk Pbiest of Bridkstowb lately offered a young man of religious principles a good book ifhe would abstain from reading the Western times—the book was a life of Napoleon Buonaparte . Manchester Free Library . —At the meeting of the committee last week the Mayor announced additional subscriptions to the extent of £ 204 ia ., the total amount now subscribed being £ 7037 5 s .

      , To secure room in a crowd , carry a paint pot in each hand . Such people are treated with as much deference as if they were grand lamas or cardinals . Tas officers of tbe Palace Court have been awarded compensation for thefir abolished places , /¦^ award has given then * anauitiefl . of from . £ 4 & to £ 60 a year .

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      Emmeti BRKunB . —The members met as usual on Sunday evening , at the Rook , Lisson Grove . The election for a meniber of the Executive havinw been concluded ^ considerable , local business connected with the case was transacted , and arrangements entered into for holding a public meeting at the Carlisle-street Institution , on the second Thursday in February . An interesting discussion then took place respecting the present state of Chartism , in which Messrs . ^ Cook , Arnott , Wheeler , Blak ¥ , Tlmkin , and others took part . The meeting then adjourned .

      The Metropolitan Dblkgate CotiNcin met on Sunday afternoon , at the City Chartist Hall Golden-lane—Mr . Hunniball in the chair . Mr ! Arnott attended from the Executive Committee ! and read corre 3 pondence from several places iit the country . He also stated , in answer to nn inquiry from the secretary of the United Councils of the Tower Hamlets , that Persons who had taken out eards of membershi p at the close of the late year were not compelled to renew them at the present time . They stood good for twelve months from the date of their being taken out . It was thus left voluntary with members so circumstanced , but the Executive being deficient . of funds , would probably induce many to renew their cards of membership . Some routine business was then transacted , and a conversation took place relative to the arrangements for the March Conference . The council then adjourned .

      Halifax . —A members' meeting was held at Nicholl ' s Temperance Hotel , on Sunday last , for the purpose of electing a new council , and other business . The following persons were elected to serve for the next three months : —William Cockroft , Thomas Ritherman , Jonathan Harwood , Matthew Ilirsfc , Benjamin Wilson ; Henry Horsfall , treasurer ; Thomas Wood , ' secretary . All communications for the Halifax Chartists must be ad ' dressed to Nicholl ' s Temperance Hotel , Broadstreet , Halifax , for Thomas Wood , secretary .

      Newcastle . —A district delegate meeting vjas held on Sunday last , to take into consideration the best means for procuring funds to defray the expenses of the two Executive members when they came on their tour . Delegates were present : —From Newcastle , James Watson ; South Shields , William Robinson ; Sunderland , Edward Stokoe , — Mr . Joseph Eland in the chair . Moved by Mr . Rohinson , seconded by Mr . Edward Stokoe , resolved at a meeting of delegates from Newcastle , South Shields , and Sunderland : — " That all expenses be equally borne by each locality , and that any surplus be fairly divided amongst the localities that are represented by the delegates . " Carried .

      The second proposition on the programme was as to the best means of organising the district , and to prepare before hand to make one of the Executive most useful in the district when they visit Newcastle . It was moved and seconded : — " That the committees , in their various localities , do their best to carry out the above resolutions . " Carried The delegates consider what steps their respective localities would take with ' respect to Northumberland and Durham being properly represented in the Convention to be held in the month of March at London . Moved and seconded : — " That the last proposition be adjourned until the next delegate meeting to be held that day fortnight , in the school room , South Shields . "

      Nottinbham—At the Eagle . Tavern locality eighteen votes were given for T Wheeler , for the Executive ; also , the same number from tho Seven Stars . Carlisle . —The council met on Sunday evening last , January 26 tb , at which the following resolutions were passed : — " That , in the opinion of this meeting , it would be very injudicious to mix up anything else with the agitation for the Charter , considering that it would have an injurious tendency to do so . " "Seeing the insolent speech reported to have been delivered by Mr . Yernon , concerning Mr . O Connor and the Def . nce Fund , we consider the best course to take would be to make him the treasurer for his own defence fund , and let him pay Mr . Nixon himself , and allow him to pocket any surplus there might be .

      FiNSBUR ? . _ The weekl y meeting of this Association was held in the room in Turnmill-street—Mr . Jones in the chair . Tie objects were by the request of new members , read , which are these : —To carry tho six cardinal points of the People ' s Charter , wnola and entire , by every legal means in its power , and to advance the game . A card for membership for one year is sixpence , and may be paid by -weekly instalments of one penny . The mode of propagating its principles is by nieans of public meetings and lectures , the reading and loan of the democratic papers , and the distribution of tracts . The members eject seven f i ora their body every three months , including a treasurer and secretary , to transact SnlT ^ f Tlli 9 4 Associati ° n is , at present , independent of any other Democratic body . On the S !! . , % l- A John 9 ? ' Jt was unanimously carried : — " That the members meet airain at sBvon

      o clock , next Sunday evening , for special business . " 7 fL . ? J 0 tracted d ' cuS 8 ion , it was decided : — That the question for calling a publio meeting to elect a member to represent this borough in the London Convention , and the expenses attending the same , stand adjourned to the second Sunday night in February next . Manchester . —A special general meeting of membera was held in the large ante-room ofthe People s Institute , on Sunday , the 26 th of January . The room was crowded ; and it was the best meeting of . members we have had for a length of time .

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      ¦—Mr . Sutton occupied the chair , and opened the meeting by saying , that they were called together to give instructions to the delegates , elected at a publio meeting , on the 18 th ult , to the Manchester Conference , which would assemble on the following day ( Monday ) . The chairman read the programme , a 3 published in the Northern Star , —The suggestions wero disoussed seriatim . A very animated , good tempered discussion ensued on the third suggestion mthe programme on the line of policy to be pursued which resulted in the unanimous adoption of the following resolution as part of their instructions to the delegates :- " That this meeting is ot opinion that it is absolutely necessary that every class in Bociety , who are favourable to the emancipation of the toiling millions should act in concert . We .

      therciore , solemnly pledge ourselves to aid , financially or otherwise any man , or body of men , who will honestly endeavour to achieve this much-desired R * ^ we ? ? , : e il t 0 " the best means of gaining the People s Charter , without which no plople can ever be really independent . " -The Chairman then asked the meeting if they had anything else to say in relation to the policy to be pursued , when tiie following resolution was proposed : — " That we agitate for the Charter , simple and pure . " An amendment was proposed , That no-instructions oo given ; but-that it be an open question with the delegates . " The amendment was put first , when two votes were recorded in its favour . The resolution was carried almost unanimously . The fourth £ fi ? V v partial ' y ''" cussed / with the prewa ^ iHoH ° l Utl 0 n 8 > < wd u the fo ! luwi "S "solution II liSS if y an overwhelmi nS majority :- " That we coidiall y support co-operation eot ud sdIpIv lw

      Z-n ? I ° l the adv anc * mcnt of Democratic principles , and discountenance ail other co-operative societies got up by tho aristocracy . " CHEWENnAM . -Tho Chartists of this town con-IV l ? tho P P ° se of reanimating ina ? ftl omen i - * ' Hemmin was called t 0 fche chai ^ and after explaining the objects of the meeting , and making a few remarks , called upon Mr . Wilkes , who pointed out the duty of tho working classes to unite , educate , and improve themselves , and explained the benefits that would accrue by tho Land and Money being made National . He considered it every working man ' s duty to give one twelfth part h's time , and one twentieth part of his income , until he had gained his Political and Social Rights and concluded by proposing the following rcsolu-JJ ° " ft"nich was seconded by Mr . Winters , sen . :-ihat this meeting , highly appreciating any movement having for its obiectthe Ehvsift . il . Mn « l . Sn .

      cial , and Intellectual improvement of the working classes , declare it their deliberate conviction that nothing is calculated to advance so desirable an object as the Political Emancipation of their fellow men . ' -Proposed by Mr . Maisey , and seconded bv J . P . Gl _ onister :- "That this meeting considers the principles contained in the People ' s Charter the only nieans calculated to ensure that full , free and tair representation in the Commons House of Parliament for which wo ave striving . ' —H . Hampton ° riefly Proposed , seconded by E . Sharland , who hoped the men of Cheltenham would rally round the newl y elected Executivo :- " That , believing he People ' s Charter to be of paramount importance , we hereby form ourselves a branch of the National Charter Association of Great Britain . "Mr . Hemmin having resigned . Mr . E . Sharland w . ™

      elected Secretary for the next six months , the other officers to be appointed at the next meeting . Eaph resolution was carried unanimousl y . The Secretary commenced issuing cards , and the meeting sepa-Tobmorden . —At a public meeting it was re-S v u" ; " Thafc ifc is thc ° P inion of tllis meeting , ttiat the Secretary and Treasurer of the Blackstone Edge Camp meeting ( 1850 ) should be called upon to settle the accounts of the said meeting ; and also that tho Treasurer give the name of each locality that has paid its quota towards li quidating the debts due to the several parties , whose service wore engaged for the above meeting . " Padiham —A special meeting was held on Wednesday evening , 22 nd of January , to prepare for the intended visit of the faithful and-uncompromising advocate of the people ' s rights , F . O'Connor . Esa !

      " f m that gentleman having kindly consented to visit Padiham , while on his tour in Lancashire ; the secretary then read Mr . O'Connor ' s letter , after which the following resolution was ^ unanimously agreed to : — " That steps be immediately taken to get up a public moating on Sunday , February 2 nd that being tho day Mr . O'Connor names for being in Padiham ; and that W . P . Roberts , Esq . ( the miners attorney-general ) , T . Dickinson ( tho Manchester packer ) , and J . Williams , of Stockport , be invited to attend and address the meeting . " Thaanks having been awarded to the chairman , the meeting adjourned . —On Sunday the adjourned meeting was held , when letters were read from Messrs . Roberts , Dickinson and Williamsall

      pro-, raising to attend , and take part in the meeting . It was announced that Mr . O'Connor would lecture the same evening . The following motion was then carried . — " That we , the Chartists of Padiham , do forthwith join the Executive Committee of the National Charter Association , and that the secretary immediately apply for the services of one of that body ; also , for twenty cards of membershi p : " after which tho meeting adjourned . Sooth London Hall . —Mr . Ernest Jones lectured at the above Hall on Wednesday evening last , on " Labour , its rights and wrongs . " The attendance was very good , and Mr . Jones was enthusiastically

      received . After the lecture a collection was made for the benefit of the Polish Refugees , some of whom werelin attendance , and sang several national songs . SnEK ? iELD . —On Tuesday evening last , Mr . Clark paid a visit to this town , accompainedbyMr . Hum , for tbe purpose of addressing the people on the subject of Church and State , " The meeting was held in the Hall of Science , and the reception of Mr . Clark was most flattering . His speech occupied about one hour and a half , and was rapturously applauded . Mr . Hurst also delivered an able address , and was handsomely received . Thanks to Mr . Clark , Mr . Hurst , and Mr . Councillor Wigfall , terminated the proceedings of the evening .

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      PROJECTED : CO-OPERATIVE STORE OF THE LONDON WORKING TAILORS .

      On Tuesday evening last a number of friends of Co-operation met in the Coffee-room of the Johnstreet Institution , to take into consideration the propriety of forming a Co-operative store in connection with the London Association of the Working Tailors , 432 , Oxford-stveet . Mr . James Bonny , manager of the Association , stated that the Association had been very successfui since it commenced in November last , and they now wished to extend the benefits of co-operation more full y to themselves and their fellow workers . They had commenced in the first instance almost without capital , but b y dint of perseveranoo they had managed to keep three associates at work , though not so fully as

      could bave been wished . They first proposed that a portion of their profits should be put by , to assist their fellow workers , but they now thought , if they had a co-operative store in connection with the London Association , they could immediately vend articles of constant use , and share the profits so as to give a greater benefit to the labourer , and he could insure the goods from adulteration , He therefore hoped the persons present would assist them in their endeavours . Mr . Restieux , of the Metropolitan Buildings , said he ° was an earnest cooperator , and he knew that the best means to carry out the principles of co-operation was by the work ing classes taking up the subject themselves . He

      would submit a plan of association to them at any time they might think proper to appoint . Mr , H . Holyoake then proposed— " That a committee be formed from this meeting to take into consideration the propriety of forming a co-operative store in connection with the London Association of Working Tailors , 432 , Oxford-street . " The proposition was seconded by Mr . Pengelly and carried unanimously . After some conversation as to the means by which the object should be carried out , the meeting formed themselves into a committee with power to add to their number , to meet again on Tuesday evening , February 4 th , when , all persona favourable are invited to attend . f

      * «» m Lo ^ aS SGI > AL T - } , tire from the RolIa almo 9 t dil L ! ° S , b 0 ^ seetedby Sir John lWmuly , —JifiH-nwio Herald ,

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      NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED TRADES . T . S . Duncombb , Esq ., M . P ., President . Established 1845 . " put jpstitia . " " If it were poBeible for the working classe 3 , by combining among themselves , to raise , or keep up the general rate of wages , it need hardly be said that this would be a thing not to be punished , but to be welcomed and rejoiced at . " Stuabt Milk

      The conspiracy of the capitalists against th » wages of labour seema to be extending far and wide . Tbe seamen , along the wholo seaboard from Shields to Yarmouth are all , to the number of eight or ten thousand , resisting the perseverirg attempts now making to reduce their wages . Shields , Sunderland . Newcastle , llartlepool , Seabam , Hull , Lynn , and Yarmouth , are at this moment heaving like the billows of their own rude ocean , in a determined effovt to resist tho plundering propensities of their ruthless masters . Upon the invitation of the sailors of Lvnn , Mr . Peel has been sent to adviso and assist them iu their presont emergency . Ho

      reports having called a public meeting of tbe ratepayers and shopkeepers of Lynn , to whom he explained the injurious tendency of reduced wages upon their interests . The Temperance Hall was kindly and gratuitously placed at their disposal , and was quite inadequate to contain the thousands who sought admission . Long before tho hour of meeting the hall was filled to overflowing , not less tliau eleven hundred persons , consisting of the most respectable tradesmen of tho town , being preseut . The chair was taken by Mr . J . Towoll , a iarge com motor , and one of tho Board of Guardians , who has handsomel y come forward to assist tho sailors by his influence and purse .

      Mr Peel was introduced to tho meeting as the Bailor s friend and advisor . He boldly advocated and defended the pasbive resistance offured by the seamen to tho infamous attempt of the shipowner * to rob them of the fruits of their labour . The plea sftt up by the owners for reducing the men from , £ 3 per voyage to £ 2 10 s . is , Firstly ,-A pretended advantage which tho shipowners of Wisbeach had over them in the cost of working their ships ; and secondly , —the tax they have voluntarily submitted to of 4 d . per ton to defray tho cost of constructing an estuary , by which a very tedious and dangerous river passage will be saved , to the benefit , of course , of ihe owners , but which , with true capitalist

      selfishness , they Beek to throw from their own shoulders on to those of their men . It was to these two po ' ntsthat Mr . Peel princpally addressed himself , and to the evident satisfaction of a numerous and intelligent audience , succeeded in completely annihilating the specious sophisms by which these points had been paraded by tho Lynn and Norwich press . He produced a counter Btatemenfc of tho expense of sailing a 300 ton ship in Lynn and Wisbeach , and challenged any owner—several of whom were preseut—to come forward and disprove his statement . The following resolutions were eventually moved by Mr . Peel , and seconded by Mr . Spencer : —

      " That in the opinion of this meeting , the wellbeing and prosperity of the ratepayers and inhabitants of the borough of Lynn depends , in a great measure , upon the prosperous condition of the labouring classes . " "That a remuneration for labour that is inadequate to provide for a due supply of the necessaries of life to those dependent upon wages , has a direct tendency to increase crime , and to add to tho already oppressive burden of the poor rates . " "That the proposed reduction ofthe wages of this port appears to this meeting ill-timed , and entirel y uncalled for ; and that the seamen , in resist ' ing tho same , a 3 long as they conduct themselves peacefully and lawfull y , are entitled to tho sympathy and support of tho inhabitants generally . "

      " That this meeting , therefore , recommends the sailors to open forthwith a public subscription from the ratepayers and inhabitants , to enablo them to administer to the wants and necessities of those who have wives and families depending upon their labour for their subsistence , " These resolutions were carried by acclamation . . In consequence of the largo number of persona who were unable to giiin admission , it has been determined to hold another meeting of the ratepay * ers , and one also especially for the mechanics and artisans of the town . The best feeling exista among all classes , and the universal opinion is , that the conduct oi the shipowners is highly reprehensible . To show the disgraceful means employed to eoeroe the seamen to accept the shipowners' terms , the following unparalleled stretch of magisterial power has just been enaoted : —

      On Tuesday , the 22 nd ult ., five of the sailors were sent by the Committee to Downham-a small town eleven miles Irom Lynn—to collect subseriptions iu aid of the strike . Information had been previously sent over to the authorities at Down-Ham , and when the poor fellows landed from their boat , and commenced their canvass of the town , they were immediately arrested , hurried off to a clerical magistrate , who had got tlieiv commitment ready , and they wore sent off as roguea and vagabonds for soven days' hard labour to Swaffhiim gaol . Their term of imprisonment having expired on Tuesday , the 28 th , preparations were mado in Lynn to give them a triumphant entry . Tho Sailors , Porters , and Trades of the town , to tho number of several thousands , headed by a magnificent brass band , and with a gaudy display of union jacks and various emblematical flags , marched in procession through the town to the

      Railway Station . At a quarter before six o ' clock theSwaffham train arrived with the liberated prisoners accompanied by a doputation of the Sailors ' Committee , who had been sent to receive them upon their discharge . The greatest portion of the inhabitants appear to hava turned out on the occasion , and a dense 6 tream of human beings mavohed , in the most orderly way , through all tho principal streetB , the band playing " Hearts of Oak , " ' The Bay of Biscay , " and other nautical airs ; each rest of the baud giving place to loud and repeated salvos of human artillery , from the deep and well practised throats of the hardy sons ofthe ocean . Such a demonstation has seldom , if , ever been before witnessed in Lynn , and the general enthusiasm displayed by all classes must , wo think , convince the ship owners how -unpopular they are making themselves to the whole of the inhabitants , and will , we hope , induce them to withdraw the reduction .

      Of three ships which have sailed from the port since the commencement of this contest , manned by captains and apprentices , the following accounts have been received : —« 'The Flora Beaton , homeward bound , from Seaham to Lynn , totally lost at the mouth of the Humber ,. crew saved . The brigs Solus and Gem , also bound for Lynn from Sunderland , coal-laden , run foul of eRch other at sea , and are so much damaged as to be obliged to put back and discharge their cargoes , and be repaired . " Some folks in Lynn do say that this is a special

      interposition of Providence to punish the owners for the iniquity of their proceedings to their hands . The general opinion is , that the owners , although it is said they are bound to each other in a bond , will be compelled to give way . It need scarcely be said , that the wholo weight of the local press is with the employers , and the grossest misrepresentations and ridiculous statements are put forth to prejudice the cause of tbe sailors . WiiUA . it Peel , Secretary . Lynn , January 29 .

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      WOLVERHAMPTON TIN-PLATE WORKERS , TERBT V . THE CONSPUIATOHS . On Tuesday evening , at eleven o ' clock , warrants were served on George Duffield , Thoina 3 . Wocdnorth , John Gaunt , members of thtf Trade Society , and on Henry Rowlands , the seorotary ; sinco which another by name Pitt , has also been arrested . They have been examined before tho magistrates , whose sitting was prolonged until nine o ' clock ia the evening . Messrs . Bartlett and Steward attended on behalf of the workmen . Mr . Underbill for Mr . Perry . Seventeen witnesses were examined for the prosecution , and so positivo was tho case against them , that after half-an-hour ' s consultation , the magistrates adjourned the case for ona week , liberating the defendants on their own recognisances of £ 20 . We Bhall be able to lay the whole of this trumpery oase before the public next week . Great efforts have been made to entrap not only tho men of tbe trade , but the members of the Central Committee of the Uuited Trades .

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      Extraordinary Damnq Peat . — On " Wednesday , at half-past eleven a . m ., a dive was made from the top of the centre aroh of Westminster-bridge by the celebrated youthful diver , John Steven !; tho dive was a height of sixty feet , and the diver , fully dressed , after reaching the water , immediately reappeared upon the surface , and then disappeared , swimming a great distance under the water . The experiment was watched by the police and bridgo omcera , and others , and was highly applauded . It is understood that this is the first of a series of experiments illustrative of tho best modes of diving and swimming , to be adopted as a mean 3 of saving lifo from accidents by water , which will take place daily at high tide . —Evening Sun . The Longton Amateur Theatricals . — -An unobserved spectator informs us that the play of the Castle Spectre , which was performed by the Chartist amateur theatricals for the benefit of the Honesty Fund , went off with i he greatest eclat ; each part was well played , and where all was excellence , it would be invidious to make distinctions . Our correspondent is afraid that the proceeds will no ^ be ^ so much as Mr . O'Connor , or hia friends , the' ^ ma- - 3 ^ teurs , deserve . We wouldreooinjBend ^ Md ^ trjt ^^ f again . ' il !^ : >> " | - < i >> 2 « t ^ V ^"* - ^ i \ mm

      Qfaxtm Jnmu«Tt«»

      Qfaxtm Jnmu « tt «»

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      THE WINDING UP AND HOKESTY FUNDS . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sib , —I send two shillings worth of postage stamps for the Winding-up and Honesty Funds . I am a paid-up eight acre shareholder , and I would freely give it all to my esteemed friend Feargus O'Connor , if he would take the Land into Ms own possession and set bi 3 opponents at defiance . Tours truly , Jobs Gisdhiix . Longroyd-bridge , near Hudderefield . TO MR . RIDER . Sib , —I enclose bix postage stamps towards the expense of Winding-up the Company ' s affairs , and I am ready to assist as far as my humble means will afford . My average earnings this whiter have not been more than 7 s . 6 d . per week ; and I have to payfid . per week out for gas light , and Is . a week to support a turn-out , or strike , of the workers of the firm of Brigetts and Co ., of Derby , who have been out ten weeks , against a most unjust and plundering system they have practiced on their rasn for years , in the name of fines . J . M ., Congleton . I

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      TEWKESB TJRY COUNTY COURT . HAll v . O ' COSKOR . Mosdat , Jan . 20 th . -Thia was an action brought by the plaintiff against the defendant , as Chairman ofthe National Land Company , to recover certain monies paid by him for two shares in that Company . ifrom which he had derived no benefit . —The Judge decided that the plaintiff had only bought a share in a lottery , and it was very unreasonable that he should expect his money back because he was not lucky enough to win a prize , therefore judgment must be for the defendant . The Judge further remarking that both parties had broken the lav .

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      ^^ ^^^^^^ fftmt _^_ ^ Cboib is Great Britiis . —The following is the ' proportion of committals to the population of the i three kingdoms : —In England and Wales , one . offender to 572 persons ; in Ireland , one offender to 194 persons ; in Scotland , one offender to 601 per-1 sonB ; so that by this scale Scotland appears to be ' the highest , and Ireland the lowest in general civUi nsatiOD . —Spectator . - - -- - -

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      WINDING-UP OF THE LAND COMPANY . SKEWED K Vf . WWSS , . „ , £ 8 . d , J . li ., Congleton .. ,, 0 0 6 R . G . Bland , London .. .. 0 10 From St Huiers—T . Baxter .. 0 0 6 J . Davey .. .. .. 006 From Lougton—S . Holmes .. .. 010 T .. Pov * r , sen ... .. .. 010 S . Sigley .. .. .. 010 T . HudBon .. .. .. 006 T . Pover . jun ... .. .. 0 0 6 W . Mooney .. .. ., 00 M . Mooney .. .. .. 006 E . IIutlson .. .. .. 003 South Stockton , per T . Walley .. ,. 0 3 6 J . Nugent , Birkenbead .. ,, 0 2 0 J . Powell , Bristol .. ,, 0 10 J . Fletcham . Betlinal Green .. .. 0 10 J . Wells , Brick lane , Spitalfields .. 0 10 Wjcomi > e , per J . Hobbs .. .. 0 7 0 Alyth , per P . Johnstone .. ., 0 6 0 Tiverton , per H . Land ( 3 rd 6 ub . ) .. 0 10 0 J . Miller , Haswell Colliery .. .. 0 0 8 J . Lee Exeter .. .. .. 016 J . Gledhill , Longroyd Bridge .. .. 0 10 From Wingate Grange—J . Gray .. 0 n 6 G . Brown .. .. .. 010 Nottingham , per J . Sweet .. ,, 0 14 6 G . WLitfield , Iveston .. ., 0 0 6 Southampton , per G . Goodman .. ,, 0 3 6 Shelton , W . Mellor , T . Shirley , J . R , B ., H . B ., A . B ., and Q . B . .. o fi o R . ana S . M'William , Birkenuead ( 2 nd sub . ) .. 0 10 From Warwick—0 . Tristram , ( 2 nd sub . ) .. 0 10 0 W . Plumb .. .. .. 030 GFrench .. .. .. 010 Clements .. .. .. 010 Stephens .. .. .. 006 Willis „ .. .. 006 Messrs . Stone , Watts , and Hunt , Cheltenham .. 0 2 0 _ £ 4 _ 7 j 5 RECEIVED AT IAJTO OFHOB . Two Widowa , Hampstead .. .. 0 2 0 GBrinim .. .. .. 010 J . Nickol .. .. .. 010 J . NeUKulick .. .. .. 010 L-Grfty .. n 2 6 J G . Taylor .. .. .. 026 IUChambeilain .. .. ., 0 0 6 W . M . M'Lean ( 2 nd sub . ) .. .. 010 T . Brown .. . .. .. 010 A . M'Clement .. .. .. 010 £ *"<>«* •¦ .. 010 R . | ord .. .. .. 019 Vi ° . rd " .. 010 f . " . „ .. .. 006 Mr . Turnbull .. .. » . 0 O e J . Peckup .. .. ., 006 Blackburn Branch .. .. inn T . Turnbull .. .. . £ " 0 D . Long ... .. .. 0 o 6 Mr . Doment .. .. .. 006 BEOHVED BT JOHN ABHOTT . ' ' W . Bowling .. .. .. 0 0 6

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      EAST LONDON CO-OPERATIVE STORE . On Monday evening a tea party and ball took place at the Brunswick Hall , Ropemakera-fields , in commemoration of the commencement of the first quarter of tho new year by the East London Co-operative Store . This store was commenced in June , 1847 , and has been moat successful ; from meeting in a room by the light of a solitary candle , the founders have been increasing in wealth and power from quarter to quarter till they now have a pretty little hall and shop , which is opened every Saturday from five o ' clock till ten for the sale of provisions . Tbe members have now entered into arrangements by which they may bring articles of

      their own production and sell or interchange them , thus effecting a direct communication between the producer and consumer . The association now numbers seventy members , who have taken a share of £ 2 each ; many of the shares having been paid up by sinking the profits on the goods purchased . The total receipt for the past quarter has been £ 200 ; the total expenditure , £ 160 10 s . ; the amount of profits share 13 J per cent , upon purchases . The management of the store has been carried on by the gratuitous exertions of the members , and the decorations and fittings of the store have been principally performed by the willing hands of unpaid workers . The committee now wish to make their condition known , tbat their fellowworkers may " go and do likewiso . "

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 1, 1851, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1611/page/5/