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Northern Star (1837-1852), 12th April 1851, Edition 1 of 2, Page 7

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      * f o ther articles of ter dress were alsb ~ found 1 C the swne digordered ^ te .,, On-the body , being Snei by Mr . King ^ a sur geon ; unmiitakeable ^ aranccspr ^ euted themselves that the deceased S : not taye destroyed liewelf in the pond . This opinion yraa eonnrmedto Mr . Savage , the eminent r ^ geon of the . county hospUjal , - who , at considerable length and muchabihty , explahri the grounds ior his coming to the cqnctasibnv that she had not comm itted the act herself / but , that she had been forcibly detained m the water . ' . There were marks below her clbow 3 as . if she had been pinched in ' being tept down . There were bruises oh the chest and arms , Death had resulted from suffocation and drowning . A vast amount of other- circumst antial evidence was adduced .. Thejury retufoed aTerdiet of Guilty ; and the learned iudge nasstd sentence ofjealh npon the prisoner . The convict appeared not in the least affected at his awful doom . . , - U O ^ raruek ^ of ^ dre ^ ^ re also - found I

      THE MtRDEK OF A GAMEKEEPER—Jo *> n qfariinn aged At om ( Un , 32 , and wSjg 3 ? were indicted for feloniousl y shooting and mmXr ing William Napthen , head gamekSto wni , . ° wton , Esq ., of ElevendofS ? EffioT TheJury acquitted the prisonerT rhSaTBome sa ^ S ^ . - ^^^ w

      LIVERPOOL . HotiSE-BKKAKIXG . —Robert JarWn TOili ; an . were indicted for breaking and entering the SS %%%£ k f ? jf * Tyren ' •**^ monfwood , near Ormskirk , in this county . It appeared that en the SHEWr ?? l Ue 5 day ' ' *» ** « f Sh last at half-past 7 o clock , several of the workmen were «« HF ¥ & £ * && at the farmer ' s house , and ^ wi e 4 l ^ e MchenV Suddenly four men . masked and ^ amed with pistols and bludgeons , entered the kitchen , ordered those who were there to fceep silence and turn their faces to the wall . Two of the men then went through , the kitchen into the nonse part , one remaining on watch at the door .

      ¦ While the fOUTth , accosting a man named Seddoa , demanded his money . " Seddon gave him sixpence , out the man—who , was identified as Jackson—said this would not do , and proceeding . to search his pocketa took 2 a . from them . The man who was at the door called put to Jackson , "Why do you let him watch ? why don ' t you shoot ? " upon which Jackson fired , and shot the . man in his cheek and moutiJ , wounding him severely . Michael Larfcin , another of Tyren ' s inen , - was also robbed and tnoekea violently oh the , head with a bludgeon . This witness identified Mayor , the man on watch at the door , and swore to his wearing the disguise ofa ot black whiskers

      pair .. . Goulbourne was also identified by another oftbe ' meD , at whom tie had presented , a doumVbarrelled' pistol and succeeded in knocking down and stunning . Two witnesses also deposed to the prisoner Headley—one of whom swore to having * een him loading his master ' s gun , which was not to be found oh the following morning The dress of the prisoners was also sworn to be similar to what was subsequently found iu tUeir houses . —The jury convicted , all the prisoners . A previous conviction having been proved . against Mayor His Lordship sentenced him to transportation for life , and the other three prisoners for fifteen years . . .

      CHESTER . Tun Bihkeshead Riots . —John Brown , Matthew Griffin , and John Fehan surrendered to their bail and , with Peter Fitzsimon , "William Hagerty , and Edward Smith ( the latter three having been In custodj ) , were indicted for a misdemeanour . —The jary Acqnitted . thedefendant Brown , and found all the others . Guilty , but recommended them to mercy . — The Judge : On what ground ? Foreman ( after some hesitation ) : It seems to be the general wish of the ] ury . —His lordship , in passing sentence , said he thought Jt right to . say . that the conduct of the police on ^ occasion of , the first disturbance was

      , in his opinion , not only injudicious but unjustifiable by reason of taking too peremptory and too active measures to removethepeople from the front of the Town Hal ! . He was not surprised at this exciting the anger of . the crowd , still care must be taken that courts of . justice did not under any circumstances justify a riot , and it was fortunate the parties injured , recovered , or the defendants would unquestionably have been tried for murder . His lordship { hen sentenced Hagerty , Smith , arid Fitzsimon » nine / months' imprisonment , and Fehan and Griffin to . one year , without hard labour . Brown was Acquitted on . tb . eotb . er indictments .

      GLOUCESTER . Ghabgb of MdbderI—PriscellaYemnvaworaan far advanced in pregnancy , was indicted for attempting to murder an infant named Charlotte Wellington , aged five years , by wilfully neglecting to administer to it proper clothing and nourishment . Another count in the indictment charged the intent to be to injure the child ; and there were othercounts , charging the prisoner with common assaults . —It appeared that a man named Wellington , who lived at East Dean , lost bis wife in the course of last year , and that soon afterwards he employed a woman named UewelHn to take care of his cottage and children . She remained with him six weeks , and was then superseded by the prisoner , who brought two

      illegitimate children withher , and who , too , since lived with Wellington as his wife . When theprisoner came the deceased was a fat and healthy child , but in aweek or so afterwards she began to fall away and nltimatelv became very weak and emaciated . To account for this change several of Wellington ' s neighbours were called , who deposed that Yemm constantly neglected the child , and withheld from her sufficient food , though she fed her own children well , and that she frequently beat and kicked her in each' a manner as to leave large braises on'her person . One witness also deposed that she had heard the prisoner say , when beating the child , "I should like to see thee

      dead ; I do hate thee . " At length the neighbours interfered , and the child was taken to the union workhouse , and was then found to be in a very emaciated state and covered with filth and Terrain . On bang weighed * it was found she weighed only 321 b ., out inthe . coarse of a month or six weeks , during which she was supplied with proper food , she increased in weight 61 bs The surgeons of the union deposed that the emaciated state of the child was owing to want of proper food , and that she had ho constitutional tendency to consumption or scrofula . — The jury found the prisoner Guilty of an assault only and she was sentenced to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for nine calendar months .

      John Wellington , the father of the child , was then arraigned upon a similar indictment , with the exception of the counts charging the attempt to murder . — The jury acquitted the prisoner . Ciuhge . of JUohdek . — Daniel Monday was charged with the murder of his wife at Wottonnnder-edge . In this case a peculiar feature showed itself in the fact of two coroners' inquests haying been held on tie body , and twe verdicts " given as to the cause of death . In the first case a verdict of "Died by the visitation of « od" was returned ; and in . the second , a verdict of " Wilful murder

      against Daniel Munday . "—A number of witnesses , neighbours and acquaintances of the deceased , were first called to prove that the prisoner had . been in the habit of ill-using the deceased for years past . The unfortunate woman , it appears , was of delicate health , and unfit to be the wifeof a labouring man , subject to the hardships and privations of an agricultural labourer . —The jury found the prisoner 3 fot Guilty of murder or manslaughter , but guilty of a common assault , and tlie Judge said he conld not r eceive such a verdict , whereupon the prisoner was acquitted .

      Assault axd Robbery . —Edward Gibbons and F . lrosser were indicted for assaulting James Cheslin Wheeler , at the hamlet of Longford , on the evening of the 11 th of January last , and robbing him of a gold watch . —Mr . Wheeler , the prosecutor , is a nurseryman , carrying on business in Gloucester , and he was in the habit of leaving Gloucester about seven o clock in the evening , to return to his residence at I « ngford , about a mile and a half distant . The prisoner Gibbons keeps a beer-shop on theroad toKingsholm , where the robbery was " committed ; and on theeveaing in question he was seen by anumoer of witnesses in company with the othpr nrisnniw :

      at different points between Kingsholm and Gloucester , sometimes before and . sometimes behind-Mr . Wheeler . The attack upon Mr . Wheeler was made By one man seizing him by the neck from' behind , umI the other advancing in front and rushing in to « op his mouth . The man who came in front was « n * Unefly sworn by Mr . Wheeler to be the prisoner uibbons , and the following morning be gave such a Descri ption of him as led to his apprehension . There wa 3 a bright moonlight , and one witness swore she could see to . pick up a ' pin . —The jury ^ turned a verdict br . Gailty . again 8 t . botb prisoners —They were sentenced to be transported for life . '

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      Exkks es of PaosKcunoss . —On Monday the , gove rnment bill , as amended in committee and on " -commitment , to . ^ mend the l aw relating to the «* pense 3 of prosecution ^ and to make further pro-JfciQu for the apprehension and trial of offenders ™ certain cases , was printed . There are now •¦ wen ty-one clauses in the intended act , which is onJy to extend to England and Wales . Several new wanses haVe !*>« ; „ _ added , one of which lstpgiYe patties costs in " cases of common assault as in cases « j felony . It is provided that clerks of thep « ace ^ J be paid by salaries instead of fees . . .. . sIobe Pervebts . —We hear that the elder brother w the Bishop of Oxford was received into the ynu « h of Rome a few days since , and that Arch-Uraeon Hannii >< r - tit * hrother-in-law of tfe hishnn .

      Professed , " and was admitted into the Bomish ^ nunnnion , at the Jesuits' Church in Farm-street , " « Sunday last ; and on the same day , and at the Q ^ place , was admitted Mr . James R . Hope , ^ '~ -Stondard . — - At Leeds , last " week , five ^ Symen of St SaWour ' s and two of the clergy R eeled with other places of worship , as . well as !»„„ or fourteen laymen . ? ere received » to the ^ fflaa Catholic Church : .. .. .

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      NATIONAL-CONVENTION . - 8 ATURDAY . JSSSfag ^ S SS ^ S ^ r . ( Continued from the ftaroflast week . ) The following clause , waB next proposed :- ! I . ™ ^ b wg oeen contracted by a class SCT ?™* cla "P P ° ' ses , cannotbecoasidered aslegally contracted by the people . : v . V !? . ' . ™ ^ ' '! absurd that future generations should be mortgaged to eternity "for the follies or misfortunes of their ancestors , and the debt be thus repaid several times over . ' ,. " The natlonai ' deDt ought , therefore , to be liquidated by the money now annually paid as interest , 1 being forthwith applied as repayment of the capital I until such repayment in completed . ' * ' ' Mr . E . Joves , on the suggestion of Mr . O'Con-I nor , explained the latter portion of the clause . ~ NATIONALrGQNW . TffTTnxr ~ rr ~ '

      Mr . O'Cos . voR said , the whole of the property of the kingdom would not pay off tbe National Debt : The people never contracted it . It was contracted by the aristocracy . Cobbett and other great men were in favour of its being spiinged out ! " Mr . Retsolds sai (| , that they would be open to a charge of spoliation if they sodealt with it . Be- ; sides , it would bring ruin . upon thousands of poor families , and families of moderate income . If ibe same man , or his descendants , who originally lent the government £ 10 , 000 in the time of William the Third , still held , the scrip , it would not be so unjust , butthe 8 crip had become * matter "' of barter , and the man who now held it might have bought it at a fair , market price the day before . Governments , both Whig and Tory , had interfered with the debt . In thirty-two ' years ' the interest would pay off the ' whole debt . : - . - . ¦

      -Mr . O'Consor said , Mr . Reynolds prbpoaed that they should pay the same amount of taxes for thirty-two years as they Sow did . Was not that absurd ? it was . legislating for their . children and grandchildren , and would be no benefit to themselvesi or constituents . \ ' Mr . Masile said , the subject was surrounded by difficulties . Mr . Reynplds ' s plan was of no avail to the present generation ; to spunge out the debt would be equally difficult ^ it would create a rebellion in the country ; and ' ^ every ' man thus , injured , would become' a cpnVpfrat' 6 ' r ' agairist the government . Iftbey eould ascertain the precise incomes of those , deriving a portion of their means from the ¦ S ^ tional Debt , theymight . de ' al with the subject without inflicting . much injustice . A deduction from an income of £ 5 ^ 000 would not be felt so much as adeduction from " ' £ 500 ; by' lowering the interest and other means which could be adopted , they might lighten the . logs to its ' present holders .:

      Messrs . Hunnibaix and ' Bezer supported the clause . . . ¦ „ '" , ' ¦ ' ' Mr . Rorrr showed that many were receiving interest upon £ 20 , 000 who only lent £ 10 , 000 ; and they had . thus been paid several times . It Was the duty' of all . to labour . If some men' would not do so , but lived without , ' they must not complain if that income was reduced ' for the benefit ' of the State : " : " . ' , Mr . Wheeier moved : — " That the latter portion of the clause be omitted . " There were many plans for liquidating the debt . He believed they hadnqt adopted the , best . They would be better able to deal with that subject at a future time . He was aware tbat it had been paid , in the shape of interest , five time ' s over , since its establishment , in thft reign of William the Third . '" u \ Mr . Savage seconded the amendment .

      Mr . O'Cos ' kor supported the amendment . He was in favour of mixing ^ up as few questions as possible with the Charter . ' A People ' s Parliament would be , better able to deal with that clause . They would injure the cause by attempting to 'do too many things at once . During his whole political life , he had ever acted honest and consistent to the interest of the people . " ' .. ' . " ' ' •¦ . Mr . Grat said , if the democracy of Lancashire could decide the question , they would be for expunging the debt ; but , as a matter of principle , he should vote for the clause ' . ' '

      Mr . Robinson was in favour of the ' clause , and opposed to all that ' would appear to be spoliation . : Mr . Mi 5 « s denied that the people of Lancashire were m favour of expunging the debt . ' Mr . Jokes showed that'they' were not mixing up any . other qxieationa with Chartism ; but were creating a mind in favour of social reforms . They wereiwing to the world a specimen that they were not the representatives of mere brute fbrce , hilt that they bad mind and intelligence sufficient to more than compete with the assembly of St . Stephens . ¦ '¦'"' ¦ ' ' ¦"¦

      Messrs . Thompsoh and Hirst wete in favour of the clause . Their constituents were express in their instructions upon that subject : Mr ; Watsok said , he e ' onsideredthe debt altogether an . unjust one , but the clause appeared to him a good method of gradually removmg it . Mr . Graham was in favour of justice being done . He believed the spunge would be an unjust system . Mr . ' Jojjes again addressed the Convention , showing that , by the after clauses , the taxation by which thePintertst of the debt would' have to be paid , would fall on the rich : ' ¦

      Mr . O'Cokhor also explained . It would not be the rich whowould have to . p ' Sy the taxes , but the poor , as no capital could be / raised without labour . Mr . Mastle said , as they were determined to legislate for the future , he did not think they went far enough in that clause . They did not go . to that length in carrying but this principle , which they had done in others . Asjfar as himself and the rest ef the Chartist body were concerned , the legislation they were adopting ; ' was entirely useless . ' . He should vote for theclatise , believing it to be better than nothing . ' ' ¦ " ¦ ¦ ' " ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦

      Mr . Reynolds defended the clause , and showed that it did concern the present generation . Was it nothing to tell the world that , at thirty-two years after the date of the first Chartist Parliament , the debt would be abolished ? ' The question of how the money or taxes should be raised to pay it off was a different subject . There were ' many methods by which it conld be done ; ' there were' two hundred millions of acres pf good land in our colonjes lying useless , which could be made available for that purpose ; " there were also many other sources of revenue applicable to that purpose . " Messrs . Paw , , 'Felkin , and Bekfoid supported the clause . ' ' ' . ¦ ¦ . Mr . WHEEtEB ,-on the suggestion of Mr . O'Connor , withdrew his amendment . '

      The clause was then carried , Mr . Maniie giving notice that he should move an addition to the clause on the report being brought up . The following clause was then proposed : — . ' 'Tke 4 rmy . " Standing armies are contrary to the principles of the British , constitution , and dangerous totbc liberties of the people . . At the . sameiime , the Convention acknowled ges the expediency . of . a standing force being maintained , until . suitable changes in our colonies and at home shall have rendered its continuance no longer requisite . " , Mr . Bezee . moved " the following amendment : — " Standing armies are contrary to the principles

      of democracy , and dsngerqus ' to the liberties of the people , and as it is the right of . every individual to bear arms , so it is his duty to know how to use them ; and , as every citizen ought to receive a benefit at the hands of the State so he ought to be liable to defend it ; and , ' as liberty is not safe , where an unarmed and undisciplined people . stand in presence of an armed and disciplined lorce , it is therefore requisite that every " male , of sonnd mind and body , over fifteen years of age , be trained in the use of arms ' , such being a part of school education , and that all the following clauses should be omitted . " . . . " ' j ' ^ ¦'¦' .. Mr , Barebb seconded the amendment ! . :

      Mr . O'Cossos supported the amendment . Mr . JosEs ,, at considerable length , defended the details of the . ' clause . ; - '¦ ... > Mr . O'Consor showed that they did not need a standing army for the . defence of the colonies , and that it would be an engine of tyranny towards them to . keep up a military system for that purpose . Mr Eezee said the colonies would speedily become independent if our troops we ' re withdrawn . No longer having colonies we should not need to defend , them . During the week they had made land national property , ' separated the church from

      the State , given education to all , and effected nunferons grea ' t cha , n ' ges , and now , after all these good things , tbey _ were making rules , to regulate the ma . rshaJling . ofpKysical force . .. ' ... " . Mr . REisoKos ^ wished to know whether , if they had a Chartist pamanVent to-morrow , could they , on the . same day , abolish the standing army ? if they did so they would throw themselves into the hands of their enemies . They had 150 , 000 . s ' oldies who , if disbanded . by them , would be seized upon by their opponents . " ; Mr . O'CosHOR showed the evils which the army bad . done to . republicanism in France .

      . Mr . . Mantle , believing that this was a measure which would produce good : at the present time he should vote ( or it . * . . .. ; ,.. . Mr . " Babkbb suggested that Mr !' Bezer should emlody . ui h « amendment the gradual , reduction . of the army .. , . .. " ' ., ' . . . , . The usual hour of adjournment having arrived the Convention adjourned . : . ., ' ' , ¦ . Leave of absence was given to Mr . Savage for the afternoon . , . • Afternoon Sitting . Mr . Ruffi moved , and Mr . Arsoti seconded" That a committee be appointed to get up a public supper on Wednesday evening the 9 tb , at which the whole of the . delegates should , if possible , be present" .:: : ' . ; - ¦ ¦ •' "• ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦¦ ' The motion was agreed to , and Messrs . Shaw , Hunniball , and Enffy were appointed . .-: -, ; Tjie diwussion on the ? lftW 9 Telative to the ar ^ y ? F 8 § then resumed ;

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      ^ - Mr . Fwwn was opposed to the ; amendinemMBirr Bezer ^ who said . he . wished , to . abolish ,. the army .. But they had soldiers now in" existerice , ' and they muBt deal with the material' before th ' cini He wished to know if they had a constitution'in this country , and ,. if so , whether a ' s ' tanduil ' army was consistent-with ^ hatconstitution ? ' ' : ' Messrs . ' Jones and' Reis 6 u ) 3 " spoke' on this subject . - Tho commencement of the clause was then alte ; rcd / rom "principles of the British constitution " to " principles of democracy ; " and the clause was carried , Mr . " Bezer ' s amendment ' receiving two votes . •¦ . ¦¦ • • ¦ The following clauses were then carried with one dissentient : — ¦• - .. v ^^^^^ SL , ^ . .

      "Until such . change , the following enactments are necessary for the comfort of the soldiers , and the safety of the citizen : " , ' , . "No enlistment to be binding , unless renewed before a magistrate , witbiu three days , by the party enlisting . " .. "Thatevery soldier shall be entitled to a free discharge at the end of four years was carried , instead of the following : — "The duration of service to bo limited to four years . " ' . ¦ On the ensuing clause being moved , . Mr . Mastle moved , and Mr . Wheeler seconded , " That the clause should end at the word ' discipline' in the third line . " The latter portion was an argument and notra doctrine or principle , which was contrary to their usual system .

      The amendment . receiyed five votes . "The isolation of troous in barracks estranges them from the citizen , renders them unfit , for the duties pf domestic life , demoralises them , and » unnecessary for discipline , as proved by such discipline not being impaired , when troops are quartered on the . inhabitants , as is frequently the case , both in peace and war . " . The following clauses -were passed , after some trifling discussion , with two dissentients : —

      " Troops , quartered on . the . inhabitants of their own country , to be paid for as , other lodgers , and that none be compelled to receive them . " ' "Promotion to take place from the ranks , by military gradation , and . none to be promoted before , at least , one year ' s service in ' the ranks . " ' And the following , after . some objections on the part of . Mr . Maktle , which were replied to by Messrs . Thompson and Hunt : — " Promotion by purchase to be abolished . " "The . useof . the lash to be abolished . " '

      •* ' Courts martial to consist , in all cases , of officers and privates in like proportion . " The following , was , unanimously carried : —¦ TJteNavy . " To be regulated-by analogous Jaws . " .: ' . . .. ' MeMlitia . ¦ ¦ As it is the right' ef every' individual to hear arms , so it is his . duty to' know how to use them ; and as every citizen ought to receive a benefit at the hands of the State , so he ought to be liable to aefend . it ; and ,. as liberty is no £ safe , ^ here an unarmed and undisciplined people stand in presence ot an . armed and disciplined caste , it is therefore requisite that every male , of sound inind arid body , over fifteen years of age , ' betrained in the use of arms , such being a part of school education . " Mr . Mantlk objected to this clause . It was too compulsory ..., Many persons of the Peace and $ u ; iker persuasions were opposed to the use of arms . . . ¦ . , ,

      Mr . " Thompson supported the clause , but suggested that a corps of firemen should . be established , mflhica those should enrol themselves who had conscientious scruples against the use of arms ' . " Messrs . Gray and Rbffy supported the " clause . There-was nothing in the clause which compelled' a man to fight " ; it only required that' they should be instructed in the use of arms . ¦¦ . ' .. . . .. , ' Mr . Hunt sMd there had been a strong feeling against the militia , in consequence of the precedents in . their conduct , and the" method of their being drawn . Ifthey gradually abolished the troops of the line , it would be necessary that they should have an organised militia . He had a plan to propound to them in reference to this subject .. _ Mr . Maniib thought it . was idle ' to say that they did not force men to fight , when they made it compulsory on . them'to * be trained in the use of arm s . He . moved—'• • That the . concluding words- of the

      clause should be left out , and the following substituted : —' , Should , be afforded an . opportunity for . militarytraining . V . . ' ' '• - . The amendment was adopted by the Executive . Mr . T . 'HtiKT ' mbved . the following amendment , which was seconded byMr . Gray : — "As it is the right of every individual to beararms , eo he should know how to use , them ; and , as every , citizen ought to receive a benefit at the hands of the state , so he ought to be prepared to defend it . ' Theuse of arms to be taught to boys at public schools—therefore , & defensive force , to be organised of resident inhabitants of this country ; the members of the force to be paid at a fair remuneration for time ; at least , a proportionate amount of the line to be reduced . " ' The motion of the Executive , amended by Mr . Mantle was carried—receiving eleven votes , the original eight voteB , and that of Mr . Hunt thr ^ e . voteB . . ' i : • -

      Poor Law . ' ¦' . ' ? It is the duty of every man to . work—and , therefore , he . hasarightto the means of , work ; and those , unablei to wotk , thtough infirmity or age , have a right to support at the hands of the state . " : . ¦ -.-.. . .. ¦ On the above being proposed , Mr . Hunt moved the following amendment , seconded by Mr . Mantle : — . ' : " Thai so long as artificial laws obstruct the right to the land , the' State is bound to secure the opportunity of obtaining subsistence by labour ; that the want of auch security is an omission in our industrial code which occasions much of the confusion and misery in the midBt of our intelligent , powerful , and rich country .

      " That the existing Poor Law is not an auxiliary law , but a repressive law , purposely framed to repel the necessitous from seeking its aid or support in times of difficulty ; that it acts most oppressively on t " he industrious classes ; and that it does not protect the ratepayer ; " failing in all its legitimate objects . - ' - '' ¦ .:. : " That the people should demand a total repeal of the existing Poor Law , arid the substitution of provisions suitable to attain the required objects . " 'Mr . Reynolds showed . 'that the' amendment , though lengthy , expressed nothing which was not contained in the original clause . Many of the statements in Mr . Hunt ' s preamble were liable to objection . ' . ¦¦• ; -.. >¦ . . Mr . Jokes made similar objections to the amendment , k . . ¦ ¦ : ..

      Mr . Ghat moved , and Mr . Rom seconded , the following as a rider ;— "It is the duty of every man to work—and , therefore , he has a right to the means of work ; and those unable to work , through infirmity or ape , have a right to support at the hands of the State , and proper provisions suitable to attain therequired objects . " : After some discussion , the original clause was carried by a large majority . "All able-bodied persons , unable to support themselves , to bo supplied with remunerative work ; and , where possible , to be located on the . land . " - '¦ " Where the State cannot find work for tho unemployed , it is bound to support them until labour is provided . " . " The unemployed to be supported by the State , not by the parish—and the cost to be defrayed out of the national revenue . "

      "Theaged and infirm to be . supported in their own homes , or in the houses of their relatives , by a weekly allowance , er in special buildings , erected by government ' ; at the-option of the recipient . " The _ four dauses ,. as above , were carried without opposition ; and concluded the Programme , ' with the exception of the Preamble , which was next discussed . ¦ - ¦;¦ . •< ,.., -. ¦ ..... .. ., ,-ii Mr . Robinson moved ; the adoption of the Preamble of the Programme ( which will be found at the conclusion of our report ) . Mr . Yates seconded the motion , which was unanimously adopted . ....... Mr . Ruffy moved , and Mr . Barker seconded , the following , which was carried unanimously : — " That Addresses , each embodying one of the above reforms ; be circulated , together with an exposition of the Charter , and its necessity , for enabling such reform to be obtained . " . . - , The Conveation then adjourned .

      MONDAY . The Convention resumed its sitting at ten o'clock . The Roll having been read , and the minutes confirmed , a slight'discussion took place on the subject of all the' Chartist victims of 1818 being invited to the supper got . up by . the Convention ! The question of funds being raised , Mr . Reynolds gave £ 1 towards that object . " ; ( ¦ ; The Convention then went into the subject of the notices of motion .

      • Mr : Robinson moved , and Mr . Holtoakb seconded , the following resolution : it was , highly essential and eminently practical : — " That ai Commitee be appointed , - with power to add to the'r numbers , to wait on Mr . Slaney , M . P ., and to aid the enaqtment of alaw of partnership , which shall meet the ' existing wnntB of the Association . " Messrs . Holy ' oake , Felkin , ' Thornton Hunt , Ruffy , Benfold , Wheeler , Watson , Hunhiball , ' Yates , and Paul , ; spoke " in favour of the motion , which was unanimously adopted . < and

      Messrs . Hunniball , Holyoake , Buffy , Hunt , Hawiey , we » then appointed , with power to « dd to their number . '' : ¦ ' ' . Mr . Fikhn moved the following resolution : — "; Thaf ,. iri the ' j Opiriion of thi ^ , Convention , the sfn-, tence " passed upon , thepoUUcalprisoners [ andexileB by the British government was extremely Berereinasmuch as . it was unjust jit deems it , therefore ; incumbent upon itself to appeal in . the name of justice to the " generous pprtibri of thefmembers . of the House : Cpinmons . ' to us > their / influe ' nWfor ' the

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      ff ^ ff ? en « ng ; a frWanSRombtfreiease BSlSa * 1 ' —^ /? 8 -1 , . . ? { 1 g ! aitical . priB 0 ner 8 » nd i Secondedb yMr . Thompson . ' - ^ ' " ' ' : ' iecondedh . ^ ™ Oved ' tne foWowing amendment , Snted L * l- « AY :- " : Tliat : ft ; : Cpmmittee . be ; So ate J h j Co ? ? eraion to takft . aitlvq and Bd 8 & !' ' ' - ' ^^ -S « 3 &l « meetings ; attd ' memb-r ' ialvin absolute frfl 8 *? PW ^ cVS , ' tb ' pro ' cur * ' the MeBsrs S ° Our oxi - brothers . % ; :..:: ,,.:. Dorted tha im ^ > h : mi *> Shaw , and others sup- , E tit * , ^ - ment > M bein S more P ^ c" ^ nineteen vn ^ ° l , tlon - Th 6 ¦'¦ amendment ' received Mr w ° tes tlie I'esolutioH , ' two , ' ' " « ThiuS S " "? leVLld ' - HlRST 80 oonded : ~ thei del «» t 2 ° mnu ttee C ( > nsist of tho Executivo and metronoUa Jtl the' Convention . resident in the SSinanlSSr t 0 add t 0 ^^ number . " .

      • ' ThU thU P 1 Ove ( 1 . following ^ solution :-a ^ vlum in L onyenim > reg « Tding the right of fnJoSSnf' ^ i . Ount ' y ' "" » w » red , recommends to vernmen ^ ^ ^ f protesting ^ ^ againat any goour Z « nl * M \ mion on the potirton of those ^ f SJS" ? brethren , whose patriotism has enhscoun ? rv' . em n u necessity of dicing refuge in ; ' h fi « S ' ! ° thou S . t that notwithstanding the sentiments said to be entertained by -Her Mafhlir n K ° . ? rnment . they should give expression to tneir opinion upon the subject . Hie resolution g > L ° ? xPresaion of opinion upon " tho sentiments nil t re / k gees ' . raere ) y insisted on the common rlShts of humanity and hospitality . Mr . Watson seconded the resolution . Mr . TnoMPsoN supported tlie motion . . . lYjl \ SAVAOP Qnnnn « nrl . JiL . _ ' j . ; ... 1 . a ii t . i k a vedof thoniotionbut thouht

      ? w ! v V , m ° . PP ro . , , , g LJT ? i- verv guarded in their conduct with 11 ut a ? , 8 ub ) P 0 fc < Rumours were afloat oai-1 m te V ' alarm the Public ' mirid . • Mr . Holyoake said , the . less they interfered with tnequestion the more politic it would be in th ' emJj H < ^ T suppor ted the resolution . . ** . ?•' * i ! " U ELER Wfls in its favour , but regretted that it had been introduced . It was fighting . a shadow ; and the very fact of . the Convention having debated upon it would cause an alarmed government to'look with a still more jealous eye upon the refugees ., ¦ ; ' ' . ' ' ' .. : . i , Mr ! ' Retnolds seeing the manner in which the Times and other journals treated these men , ' it was advisable that their continental Brethren , should near the voice of British dembcracy . upon this subject . " If the . persons alluded to had / entertained

      aristocratic views , no fault would havo been found with , their conduct . " .. Princely plotters were allowed to carry on their schemes , and were even countenanced . He denied that there was a deeprooted animosity in the' breasts of Frenchmen against the English' on account of the warfare between the two nations . They should encourage the visits of their brothveri , and thus create unanimity in the minds of the Denicoracy of Europe . . The motion , was tben carried unanimously . . Mr . Hunwbali , moved the . following resolution , which was seconded by Mr . Ghaham : — " That the National Currency should be based on real wealth , or the bonafi . de credit of ; the State ,, and not upon variable and uncertain amount of scarce metals '

      because a currency depending on such a basis is wholly inadequate . to perform the function of equitably representing and distributing the wealth of the country , thereby rendering all commodities liable to perpetual fluctuation jn prices ' , as those metals happen to he more or less , plentiful ,. increasing , to an enormous extant , tW evils inherent in usury , and in the banking and funding system , fostering a vicious trade in money , and \ a ruinous practice of commercial gambling and speculation . " .. Mr . Hunniball , at considerable length , developed his views upon this question , showing tho evils of a restricted metal currency , and the ruin and bankruptcy it occasioned whenever a panic took place . Peel ' s Bill had been thb ruin of thousands . of families ; . '

      Mr Wheeler moved the following amendment , which was seconded by Mr . Holyoake . The question was an important one , but they had not time to debate it with that deliberation which it required . " That , in the opinion of this Convention , a change m the Currency Laws is absolutely necessary tothe welfare of the producers of this country , arid we recommend tha t the Executive Committee ,. by addresses , tracts , &c . ; direct the attention of . the country to this subject . " ,..-.. . ' ' , Messrs . Thompson and Paci , supported the amendment ! ' . Mr . GBAYsaid , there was but one opinion as to the importance of the question , and also as to its complication . He thoufrlit that thn Wvunntiiro ' & nn \ A

      direct the attention of the public mind to this question . . ... ¦ * Mr . Robinson thought they " should debate this subjeot minutely . If they were afraid of handling this aubjecUhey were not capable of attending to the duties they had to perform . ' . ¦ . Mr . Savage supported the resolution . . Mr . MANTLu had readI all the theories upon this subject , and had one of his own , but he thought that the present was riot the fitting time . From the course of their , prior legislation ,, he thought it a matter of doubt whether , they would , in that advanced period , have any need of fnoney . . ¦ . Mr R fPL h ? . giT ? n the , subject much considera ^ tion , and he beheyed the working man would never be emancipated , until money should he aWiaUed , which could only be done b y adopting communistic principles .. . . , ' : ' Mr . Rhinolds was of opinion that , even in the advanced stage of society which thev nnn ^ mnl ^ oH

      money would be necessary . ; by money he ' meant ' a medium of exchange . Under , a communistic p ' rln-CI ? V ? ° - I " 6 nee < led a 3 a medium of exchange mth other nations . The speaker then showed , tby the working of the system ,, that it was not mone which was such a great evil , but tho state of society which operated upon its distribution . . In tho communities , in America they used money as a means of barter . . The only great question to consider was ,, which was the best medium . of barterpaper or metals . PapeH . ^ without doubt , was the best medium . It had beeri . pirejudiccu . iin the opin'op pf many , by the fate of the assignats in France , whichhad been

      . produoed by . treachery .: . Hence i was that Sir R Peel ' s Currency , Bill . was so easily Passea - He should vote fojr thejriotion . ' :., . ' .: Mr . B . Jones said , the majority ' . of the speakers , it was apparent , had different views on this subject . The particular monetary system of a nation depended upon its Social ' relations . They might express an opinion as to the superiority of a paper over a metal currency ' without mis-representing the views of their constituents . The system of usury and interest was a greaterevil than even the particular form of the currency or medium of exchange . Ho then disputed the basis oJF some of Mr . O : Br ' ien ' s propositions . He should Vote for Mr . ' Wheeler ' s

      amendment . , . , ' ' : The time ' haying arrived ,, the Convention adjourned . ' . , Afternoon Sitting . . Roll called . After 8 Dme discussion on the subject of correspondence , the adjourned debate was resumed . Mr . Hunniball , in reply , expressed an opinion , that if they , were not in a capacity to legislate upon tho subject they . should at once say so , and not evade the Without

      question . an improved state of the currency the other measures , they had parried would prove ineffective . , The , motion and amendment were then put , the former receiving nine votes , and the latter fourteen . « rip fh « v M ? P 1 ' ° POS . 2 thafc the Payment of death should be erased from the statute book . &othmg could be more . horrible than the present system of hanging . Jn Milan , arid other places on the Continent , it was abolished . In too many instances , especially in Ireland , men were hunc for merely party political purposes . It havinff been deciaea tnat the

      , motion was np 6 in order , ' , relative to the , time , it . was withdrawn , ' : : •¦ tiP f ' n * ' ¦ J ^ niov ed the following :- •' That this Convention address a memorial to her Ma-& # n- V "'e ^ legates , 'for the recall of frost , Williams ; and Jones . " ' " Mr . 0 Cosnor seconded . the . motion . He-felt &VT t ^ s ^ Jft- , He had paid £ 1 , 000 out hKhVEE ^ h ¥ T ^ Penny wassubseribed by the people , to defend these' men . Mr . O ' Connor 'S ^ W character 0 ^ Mr . Frost , be fell SSSniffiS ^^^ - ^^ -lives ' . hJLiY ?? *? J S ected to' the : line of policy t ^ £ ^ - ^^^^^

      .. filnrf thought , they would prejudice the Z ££ n ¦ W thi 8 Cotvventipn . incmovialisihg the yueen . They , w . ere not ,. recognised as a legal body . The people were the best jource for ii peti-, tIon P ^ pmonal , to emanate from . , ' ! , Mr , PAOL . said , he was undecided in his opinioi as to the best policy to be pursued . He . ' was in ¦ £ ** $ 8 Ome act » ye : 8 tep 8 being adopted . ' i i ;* % - ^ 8 aid » t ^ re was " a strong feeling in bZnd ^«?^^^^' ; ftBd - » 'l' > uW' ^ uound to vote for the motion . . ' . ; Mr . Holyoake showed , that in his opinion they SlSj ' nJUre ^ ^ ^ foltheiie , men by taking fo ^ iS ^^^^ >^ tadd ^« ' « n-The motion ., w ^ carried , withnvedlssentients , a ^ - io ^'• .-W ? b - ; and . Holyoake , were appointed a commirtee , tqt C l arry the ' resolution into

      . oimiiSf T ?' , Mr .-FwjiBic seconded , that rm . . j « T- w 1 be got up / or William Sheward So ^ comSee ; ^^ : t ? ' ^ ' Air . Grat moved , and Mr . Hunt seconded , ^ the following resolution :-- ' < That the members of this Convention use their ; utmost influence with their constituents , to immediately financially support all Befugees-who have found an . asjlum in ' thta country from despotic and priestly persecutions and proi secutions from foreign governments . " All monies

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      collected in accornRncerwith-the-foregoing resolution tp [ b 5 forwarded-to ; the ; Exeoutiye / Committee ' . i Mr . WaKB ^ B ^ a 6 an " . indiTid ^ ual , was , w | Uingt 0 use every exerlion in ' favouf of these men ,- but for tho Convention to come to a voteupon the subject was , in his opinion , the way to injure them , Mr . O'Connor had done as much , as any man for the Blefug ' ee 8 , but he feared they would injure those men and " ih ' e Charlist cause , by the Convention voting on the 8 ubjeot ... . . . . ¦' ! .. M ^ ReVnolds strongly supported the motion . ! Mr .. B , yFF . r said , tho , dempcrats , had a right . to throw aside expediency , and to firmly declare their opinions in favour of these men . ¦ j Mr . Thompson said ,. the cause of democracy abroad was' the cause of democracy at home , and they had a right to recommend them to the support of the country . .

      Mr . ' Shaw said , they ought to do their utmost to support these brave men . Ho knew his constituents would still continue to support them , whether they passed the resolution or not . lie should vote for tlie motion . ¦ Messrs . Bakkei ? and Mantle showed that they would bo equally well supported , whether they passed the resolution or not . Mr . Hont disputed the assertions that equal funds would be raised , whether the Convention carried the resolution or not . " Mr . Yates said , his constituents had raised , since | he had been in town , £ 7 for this purpose . He wiis in favour of the motion . Mr . ' Hbnniball said , they had recognised the great principlo of . brotherhood , and were now bound . to . carry it out . ,

      Mr . Finlbk said , it was . their duty to pass this resolution , as the delegates representing the vfcalth . of the land were conspiring against these men . The representatives of the poor should stand firmly by their side . Mr .-Paul supported the motion , and stated that ! they intended to lake active steps in collecting fundsin Glasgow . * Mr ' . Duncansox said , he should prove a recreant to the great principles of humanity , if he did not givo his voice in favour of the principle of their common brotherhood , arid , by every means in his power , aid in ' assisting all who had suffered for the principles of democracy . , The ' motion was carried unanimously . ' ¦ ' Mr . Cape well moved " a long resolution relative to the neglect of newsagents in supplying - . democratic publications , and recommending that agonts should be appointed , in the localities to effect the better spread of democratic literature .

      ' . Mr , PniNGLB stated , that in Edinburgh they had tried the prinoiple , and found it to act well , and he thought it applicable to the whole country , and that great good would be the result . Messrs . ; Tuomfsoh and Ghaham supported the motion .. Mr . Felkin moved an amendinent of a similar character , in which ^ he idea was carried out to a still greater extent . ; Mr . Bezeb seconded the , amendment . In Nottingham , finding an . indisposition on the part of tho news agents to supply democratic paporsj they took the matter in their own hands , and last year they cleared £ 20 profit ,, whioh was given to democratic purposes . ! Mr . . Savaob thought it might inflict a great injury on many true-hearted Chartist news agents .

      Mr . Benfold thought that the object would be to aid all Chartist news agents ^ ' . ' Mr . Shaw thought they should pause beforo they . Uit « fer 4 d with the neviB agents . Many among them were the best . Chartists mthe movement . , Mr . Wheeler said , it should be loft to the localities . . If . the men . of , any particular , district could not obtain democratic publications , that district could ' remedy the matter without the Convention interfering . Many of their ' victims had been saved from destitution by being supported-as' news agents . . , ' . :- ... -,-, . . ... . Messrs , Ruffy , Mantle , Jones , Hunniball , and Hunt , opposed the resolution and amendment . .

      Messrs . Jonkb . moved , and Rupfy Booondod—11 That they pass to the order of the day . " ' Mr . Felkin withdrew his amendment . Mr . Jones ' s motion for the order of . the day received fourteen , and the motion eight votes . < .. The Convention then adjourned . '

      TUESDAY . Roll called , minutes vead and confirmed . Mr . Shaw brought forward the following motion , which had been irioved by Mr . O'Connor on the previous day , but Mr . Shaw , as chairman , not being in a position to move it , the motion was made by Mr . : Wamon ; -tt" That in the opinion pf this Couvention , that , part of the criminal code , inflicting death punishment on our fellow-creatureB , is a disgrace to a civilised community , and ouehfc to be erased from the Statute Book . " ; MlvWATgOK said , capital punishments instead of checking orime , promoted it . Tho circumstances by which criminals were placed in that position were often caused by the crimes of sboiety against them .

      Mr . Gray seconded the resolution . The question had been well discussed in Lancashire , andagoneral feeling prevailed against it . Humanity protested loudly against its longer existence . : Mr . Mantle said he could not subscribe to the doctrine that death punishments were' never to be yiattffoi , bvittfe cases he aWnaed . to were excoptionalones . . .. . ¦ , Mr . Paul expressed similar views ; and was of opinion ' that . much might be said on both sides of tneque 8 tion . . . Mr . E . Jones denied that capital punishments COUld be jilStifiGd . under any circumstances . It especially behoved them as a Democratic party to speak firmly ; on this question . They would create sympathy with the . greatest political offenders by punishing them with death , and would be unable thereby , to extirpate the evil they wished to guard against . On every ground of morality and expediency—even political expediency—thev could not beiustified . ; : . . :. - '

      Mr . ) Bobinson stated that death punishments could . not bo considered otherwise than as an outrage upon humanity ^ ' . Mr . Thompson said he should vote for the mot ' on , though his mind was notfully made up on the question . > ¦ ¦• . .- . ! 'Mr . Rwfi believed that , under any circumstances , it was not possible to justify legal murders . They would reflect credit on themselves by paasinc the motion . . , ' ' " * b Mr . ' Ht / NNiBALL should vote for ' the motion , though he believed that peculiar circumstances might exist under . wnich to take life might even be a virtue . =,.-. . ... . Mr . Finlen considered that in future times murderers would be treated as madmen , and confined in a similar manrier . ¦ . "

      Mr . Capbwell thought they ought to come to a qualified resolution upon tho eubjeet . Mr . Whbelbr believed there were cases in which th , e , P i 8 limont of death could be justified ; but they would come , more under the head of the military ; than tho criminal code , to which 'the resolution referred . > . < : ;> ... ¦ . ¦ Mr . Harnet regretted that tho subject . v ? a 9 iutroouoed , as it compelled some of the delegates to express opinions adverse to the resolution , who would otherwise have been silent . Public safety was the extreme law . He alluded to the case of Captain Johnson ; and said that it would have been an act oi mercy if the crew , had thrown . him ¦ overboard , instead of letting him commit wholesale murders . There were crowned heads in Europe who might be compared to Captain Jehnsbh .

      Mr . T . Hunt in an able manner still farther illustrated tho views of Mr . Harney , and dwelt on the atrocity of the King of Naples , and his immediate ancestors .- He shouldvote for the resolution , as it only referred to the . criminal code ., Mr . Bbzbr disputed the necessity pf putting even such a tyrant as -tliat described by Mr . Hunt—or Captain Johnson—to death- ; perpetual confinement would answer . theisame end ; One murder could never justify another . ¦ Mr . HijHT : said , - ^ individuals might escape or be forci . blyjiberated . ' . ;; ... ... ... Mr . ' SriAw showed that the resolution applied only to the criminal code , in which point pf view he ably supportedtbemotion . It would to productive of great good to the . Chartist movement if they passed the-resolution . ; unanimouslv ;; . ; :. ... :

      . Mr . DuNCANsoN ( who had written an able pamphlet upon the subject ) stated that , he had not fully made up his mind on the political portion of the question ; . Where they could got parties' to reason with ho weuld reason-withtbem , but they could / not reason with a tiger or a lion . ' . -He- should support the resolution inits qualified sense . : ; Messrs .-FELkis and Savaob supported similar views ; - ' < '¦¦ •'< > ' ' - ' ' ' -I ¦ • ¦¦ ¦ '"¦ ' ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ , Mr . 'Shell said , capital punishments were opposed to reason and humanity , and he believed that they ; could not bp justified under any circumstances . The resolution was carried unanimouslv .

      .. Several , sums ofiripney ' were handed in for the use of the Convontiori . ' i ; ' ; ' ii :: Leave of absence was granted to Mr , Reynolds . Mr . RoniNsos ' moved , and Mr . Grat seconded , the . foliowing / resolution : —^ That as many personal contentions have taken place in our Democratic pnpe ' rsiV ^ o ' th ' e ' great injury ' of tho popular' movenient , belt therefore resolyeaVthatthis Coiivention recommends to'theproprietors of all ' such pa / pfeig not to permit , any such quarrels to take place for the future . " . ' . v , Itheingoonsiderod that the view 9 expressed by the'Delegate ' s would be sufiicient without & resolution on tne subjecti the' motion was negatifdd by a large majority . : ; ; ¦ - >¦ ¦ '• Mr ; Harket moved the following resolution as an addition to the programme : —

      : " .. y .-r- .-:- . : '" . . ThePrm . \ . ; " Thatabsolut ^ freedom of thought and expressiop being , oue . qf . the primary . and most saorwl of the righte . of man , all restrictions-fiscal or other ' wise-pn , prmting and publishing , are unjunand inii

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      quitous , this Convention , therefore , declares its decided hostility to the infamous Taxes on Knowledge , ' and recommends the total abolition of : " The duty on Paper ; " The duty on Advertisements ; " The Penny Stamp Tax on Newspapers ; " And tho import duty on Foreign Books and publications . " ' It had been supposed by some that tho Chnrtiste were entirel y antagonistic to all minor measures . f his

      was an error . They would wiUiugly support any measures ' which would not prove injurious to their own movement . Freedom of thought and opinion were almost useless unless they had also freedom to express and to print that thought . As lpng as they had a-monopolist press they would be labouring undor great disadvantages in all their struggles for Democracy . Sound policy as well as principle should prompt them to support the reso « lution . Mr . ILirney entered , at great length , into arguments in favour of his motion .

      ! l Mr . Yatks seconded the motion . They said the people were'too ignorant to be entrusted with the Charter , and yet they refused them tho means of educating themselves . ' Messrs . Robinsox , Watson , and Gray spoke upon tho subject . Mr . T . Hunt entered into argumentativei details in favour of the motion , which was unanimously carried . . Mr . Arnoit , on behalf of tho Organisation Conrmittee , brought up the report of that body . On the motion of Messrs . Savage and Cait . weu , | the roport was reccivod and ordered to be discussed clause by clause , l The Convention then adjourned . \ ¦ '¦ "• Afternoon Sitting .

      Tho following motion of Mr . Bkzer having precedence , was proceeded with : —" That thoae portions of Mr . O'Connor ' s letters to the workiag classes , relatives to foreigners , as published in the Northern S > tar , of March 20 th , and April 5 th , are , in the opinion of this Convention , not only uncalled for , but unjust in prinoiple , anti-domocratic in' sentiment , and calculated to retard the progress of universal brotherhood . " He read tho extracts alluded to , and characterised the language used as being untrue and unjust . There could be no doubt of the falseness of the assertions made , and there would bo no need to notice them , where it not that

      some parsons looked up to Mr . O'Connor i \ a a leader and a representative of the Democratic mind of this country . . . Mr . Dunoakson said , though a personal friend of Mr . O'Connor , he could not refrain from seconding the motion . Their- was a want of care , a precipitancy in the language of Mr . O'Connor , whiob pfton placed himself and others in a false position , and injured tho causo of demooracy . He denied that the hatred existed towards Britain in the minds of foreigners whioh Mr . O'Connor stated . He dealt with the democracy and not with the aria , tocracy of other lands .

      • Mr . Gray was sorry to see tho motion brought before them ; it was a recurrence to the system of personal , bickerings which they , all deplored . Individuals might differ with . Mr . O'Connor , but it was not a proper subject of debate for the Convention . They would create harm instead of good by tho discussion . They should leave it in the hands of the-Refugees , who , by the letter in the Times , proved they were well able to deal with it . Ho moved ' That the resolution should be considered that day six months , " " Mr . Gapeweuu seconded the amendment . It wa 3 an antagonists one , aifd would produce injury to the cause . . .. Mr . Rufpt , in an energetic manner , moved tho following addition to the motion : — " And that the delegates of this Convention give their unqualified disapprobation , of the ungenerous sentiments promulgated in the said letters . "

      The rider .-was adopted by the mover of theori * ginal resolution . . ' Messrs . Paul , Robinson , Watson ,, and Graham , were in favour of tho motion ; they did not think it a purely personal matter . Mr . T . Hunt wished to know if it was a vote of censure upon a newspaper , or upon the writer in newBpapor ? If it was , he was opposed to it ; if it was a vote of censure on an individual , it was equally objectionable . Mr . Holyoakb thought tho resolution very objectionable . They had already , by the resolutions they had previously passed , given the most dignified rebuke possible to the sentiments complained of .

      Messrs . Shell and Finlen supported the motion . Mr . Mantle alluded to the services of Mr . O ' Connor in the democratic movement , and characterised tho letters as displaying want of reflection and not want of love to the democratic cause . Mr . Wheeler denied that Mr . O'Connor had ever attacked the Refugebs . He had been their strongest advocate . The language employed by some of the speakers at their meetings might have induced Mr . O'Connor to express his sentiments in an unguarded manner , in his anxiety to save them from , any ' supposed outbreak . Ho regretted the Ian . guage used in those letters as much as atiy man . But Mr . O'Connor had in London some thousands of admirers who took in the Northern Star , though they took no part in the present organised movement . These men would look upon the resolution as a personal attack on Mr . O'Connor ^ and tie ^ would thus create further bickerings and ill will .

      Mr . Benfold corroborated the statements of Mr . Wheeler , relative to the feeling entertained towards Mr . O'Connor . He thought that they would be doing great harm by passing the resolution . ' . , Mr . IIabnbt said , he was not actuated by aDy personal motives , but could not avoid expressing his opinion in favour of the resolution . Mr . O'Connor , 'instead of giving a sanction to the idea of a revolution to'be created here by foreigners should have instantly rebutted it . He read a letter from tho German Society of Tailors' to the Convention , rebutting the idea that they intended any violence at the ensuing opening of the Exhibition , and finding fault with tho conduct of Mr O'Connor . ' The amendment of Mr . Gray was then put , and recci ved four votes . . . -. .

      Before the resolution was put , Mr . Jones moved the following amendment : — " That this Convention disbelieves the allegations contained in tho Times of the 26 th ult ., and tho Northern Star of the 29 th ult ., and tho 5 th hist ., relative to a conspiracy on tho part of our continental brethren , now in this country , and repudiates the expressions in the above-named papors , calculated to vivify the old feelings of international distrust and hostility , which are the strength of tyrants , and the weakness pf tho pepple . " Ho wished to withdraw them from what might be considered a personal discussion . Mr . O Connor had fulfilled an important part in one phase of the agitation ; and though he believed that the letters were injurious , yet ho could not agree with the resolution . Mr . Uoiyoakk seconded the resolution . Nearly the whole of the delegates reiterated the sentiments previously expressed .

      Mr . Josks s amendment received nine votes . A . discussion then took place relative to a point of order , on which Mr . Grassby . strongly expressed himself . The original resolution of "Mr . Bezkr was then put , and received twelve votes . It was consequently carried . Tho address from the German tailors was then ordered to be inserted in the minutes . The memorials for Frost , Williams , Jones , and Ellig , wero then read by the committee , and ordered to bo engrossed preparatory to their being signed . . • The discussion then commenced on the plan of organisation . The folio wing clauses were adopted : —•

      Oljeets . " The object of those persons who signify their adhesion tp the principles and- plans set forth in this document , is to institute constitutional agitation on behalf of the People ' s Charter . 'Thepersons thus uniting their opinions and their energies , denominate themselves collectively ' the National Charter Association ; ' " Tho Convention then adjourned .

      WEDNESDAY . * Roll called . Minutes ' confirmed . The first bnsi « ness brought forward wasthe . Programme . Tho Programme having been read , was taken clause by clause , and verbally amended . ( Tho Programme , as amended , will be found at the end of . the report . ) Tho amonded Programmo was then adopted . " Mr . E . Jones moved , and Mr . Finlbn seconded , the following resolution : — " That a copy of the Programme be forwarded to the Press , and if refused gratuitous insertion , be inserted as an advertisement in one of the daily papers . " ¦ ¦ A long discussion took place on thiB motion which was carried with five dissentients . ' The discussion on the Plan of Organisation was thon . resumed and thei following clauses adopted , after considerable debate :-. < »« vihbu ,

      ; " The principles to be promulgated by the Asso-Snmed un P ? ' % " *'• *?* " £ & ™ 7 be . thus „„ ,,.. ' . . Membership . hk « S A 8 S , ocla . tion consists of all individuals who Ss ° of 2 8 ocie ^ ^ and 8 UbSCribe to ^ " A oard of membership is gWen for one year upon the payment of twopence each member , and to contri

      bute'One ' penny per week towards the fi ^ Ml funds of the Association , the half of whiok slum bo sent to the Executive on ths-lhsBfcMondfty meachmontB , " ' ¦¦¦¦ : ¦ /^ E- $ rK- - ¦ " All members of the AssoVtibTi ^ M w *<>! votes . " - ' wter > £ ^ 4 , ; 3 ¦ ^ -4 ^ m : >^ $ PhD , M > -dH * y "; V-, ij .-- •>>?> i ¦ ' , •; , ;> ,-jfcd > ^ £ MW % 9 V *'' $ to £ > y * .

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      APBir , 12 , 1851 THE . NORTHERN STAR .. 7 " ' — - ^ = —~ -

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 12, 1851, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1621/page/7/