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TO THE WORKING MEN OF 1 ENGLAND.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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My Friends , —I always told you that when ( jlijirtisai was iu a state of apathy I would rCst aj > on my oars until it was revived . You gw how many who professed to advocate Ch artism have endeavoured to snuff me out , and you aUo see hovr tliat attempt Las xenderrd Chartism completely apathetic—as the working classes will naturall y have no confidence iu those who endeavour to elevate and enrich themselves toy destroy ing the man who Las been most energetic in their cause .
1 thauk the men of Sheffield , and the men of Asiiton uuder-Lyuc , aud the iueu of many oth ' -T parts of iha country—who have written to me—f . ^ their expressed affection andregard ; and 11-eg leave to assure them that , however I may be abused , reviled , or oppressed , that I vill not abandon my principles , give up one point of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER , or retre . it from that course b y which alone the vorkiug men can he elevated . 1
'i ou were tol d—and you expected—the great effect that this Great Exhibition would have ujwi the working classes , that their wages would be raised , that their employment would bo greater ; but what ' s the result ? "Why , that trade is worse . And the only parties who benefit b y the Exhibition , are those who have the pleasure to see the articles manufactured by the impoverished working classes . Look
also ix > the present state of Ireland , and there you will find that with idle land , idle labour , idle money , fertile soil , and a genial climate , that thousands of the Irish people are daily emigrating to America ; but I hope and trust that the English and the Irish mind will shortly be so united , that no Government will be able to keep either country in that impoverished state which both are in at the preeent moment .
You see the very little progress that Chartism is making in England ; but , perhaps , you do not pay attention to the progress of the Irish niiud . The Priests , very naturally , ha « e a powerful influence upon the Irish people , aud for this reason , because they receive sma'l salaries for propounding religion , anil they spend those salaries in endeavouring to save the people from starvation . Your Protestant Bishops , Archbishops , and Parsons do but little work—they live luxuriously and die rid ) ; while the Catholic Bishops , Archbii 5 i"ps , and Priests work night and day , and spend all their salaries to support the poor .
Catholicism is naturally in your blood ; for as 1 have told you before , Hard y the Eighth put all your ancestors to bed Catholics and ma l « tlwmrise Protestants , because thePoPE refused him absolution for committing adultery . His regal power , however , had not the 3 aine influence upon the Irish Catholic people , they adhered—and still adhere—to the relig ion « f their ancestors ; while they , as well as Quakers , Methodists , Presbyterians , Wesley- 'ius . and all other classes , are obliged to pay Protestant Parsons , whose religion they do not profess . If every man was allowed to worship his God according to the dictates of his w conscience , then you would not have those religious straggles ¦ which now exist in this country .
I have told you before , but I'll tell it you again—as a good thing cannot be repeated too often—what do you think of paying Protestaut Archbishops , Bishops , and Parsons over Ten Millions a year , with the number of pa upprs which you have in this country ? Ai . J mind , if thi-se BLACK . SLUGS were to work fur i heir living—as they ought to do —ti : at would bo ten pounds a year to a mftkw families ; and at five to * a family , that would be five millions of persons . But do you ihink that I blame the Government , or the Archbishops , Bishops , or Parsons ? No I h ' - -une yourselves ; but not yourselves 80 much as those who profess to advocate your can ? .: for base lucre . I have now advocated
your cause in England and Ireland for thirty years , und notwithstanding the great change that . Catholic Emancipation , Eeform , and Freu Trade produced in the minds of many , yet notie had any effect upon me , as I knew that not one of those changes would have the slightest effect upon the working classes . A Whig Minister , who receives £ 5 , 000 a year for h-mg a Whig , would become a Tory Minist < : i if he was ofiered £ -5 , 500 a year for changing his politics ; but I would not take Sre millions a year , nor fifty millions a year , to «» iw . up those politics by which I hope to elevate vttur order .
My friends , of course you see the very little betK-at that you are deriving from those who now profess to lead you , and , of course , you recollect that when the Conference sat in 1839 , aud v » u were paying your delegates six gniiK-ns a week—then they were physical foriv men ; Wt . as soon as ever the funds fail < 1 then tiny became moral force "WHIGS , mor-il f-rco TOUiES , and moral force FREE Til A 1 ) ERS . But notwithstanding the abuse that I received from that Conference , when the funds were exhausted , and from other Coisuii'iues which have since assembled , and ihrt li-gal persecution to which . I have been subjected , you see that I have not for i moment abandoned Chartism . I told
you U : i " ito that I paid a thousand guineas out of a :. y own pocket to defend Fhost , Wiluams , and -Iones , before a farthing was subscribedtlia > I Iwve not lot a Chartist go to trial without Wins ; well defended—that I paid £ 105 to *;« ve Mr . Joxes and others from oakum pid-: i , « r—and over £ 2 , 000 to Bkadshaw aud MArxiMAiu , although I did not employ ILwnamara at alL But the judges are sure tofoU . w LordMelbours ' s maxim—
" liurx HIM WITH EXPENSES . " Bui . however you may ruin me with expcii . s--. 4 . I am resolved , the poor shall not be ruined by oppression , if I can preven » it . as I would rather live npon one hum = ' ?(» meal a day , and not see a pauper in the i ; ud , than be Empebob . of the world , and have fifty millions a year coined out of the ? Hcit , blood , and marrow of the poor impoverished people . I will now conclude with my old maxim—•• Unite ! Unite ! ye Chartists brave , Let » . he land your watchword be ; Scout 2 o ! i , scout ! the servile slave That crouches when he may be free . Vi >! ye heroe 3 at the despots , L'ck no n-. ore the tyrant ' s hand ; hiax * your paaper workhouse inesB-pots , — Live like freemen on your land . Then Free Trade will be a blessing , When men can work , and eat , and play ; Whrn shepherds cease to live by fleecing , Then each flock its own will pay . " Your faithful Friend and Advocate , Feahgds O'Connor .
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£ 0 THE MEMBERS OF THE LAND COMPANY . My Fhiesds , —The Bill for Winding-op &e Laud Company has been read a third time . * J Yonr faithful friend , Fbabgus O'Cojwob .
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NATIONAL LOAN SOCIETY . The managers of this body met as usual on Wednesday evening , Mr . Endean iu the chair . A great mass of correspondence was read from various parts of the country . Mr . Sweet was appointed agent for Nottingham and district Mr . Gregory for Eccles and district ; and Mr . Taylor for Ashton-under-L yue and district . . Reports were received relative to halls for public meetings . After some discussion NATIONAL LOAN SOCIETY .
, the question was adjourned until a future meeting . The shareholders assembled , according to appointment , to decide upon the question of remuneration to officers , owing to the paucity of attendance the decision was ° adjourned for one month . Several loans were granted , but owing to the number of applications it was decided to receive no fresh applications for three weeks . Money was paid on shares and other business transacted , and the meeting adjourned .
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LAST MANIFESTO OF THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL COMMITTEE . After declaring that the object in view is to form a holy alliance o f nations , the device of which ought to be liberty , association , and employment , afld , after stating that the Committee desires neither anarchy nor scenes of terror , the manifesto proceeds thus : " The mission of the Central Committee is European , and its work is one of an international character . To rally the efforts of the various populations to a common source and
inspiration ; to represent in act the conjoint responsibilit y which exist 3 between the emancipation of each of them and that of all ; to strengthen the ranks of those combating for the holy cause of right wherever they are to be found ; to prepare the ground for an alliance of those nations which shall gain the victory over that now in force amongst kings , for a congress of nations which shall replace that of Vienna , still existing and iu action ; to remodel , according to the wishes of the populations , the map of Europe ; to smooth down the obstacles which the prejudices of race , the reminiscences of monarchical wars , and the artifices of governments opposed to that prospect—such is the object of our collective labour .
" That object evidently cannot be attained unless it takes for its starting point a common ground- —viz ., that of the national sovereignty for each people , and of the alliance , on the basis of equality of all emancipated nations . "No sovereignty is national which does not embrace in its object and its expression all the elements forming a nation—the universality of the citizens composing the state . The democrat ical conception is then , in our opinion , a condition inseparable from a nation .
"Democracy has only one logical form , that of the republic ; and the republican principle cannot be said to be applied to a nation , if it does not embrace , by binding them together , all the branches of human aetivity , all the aspects of life in the individual and for association . Our work is consequently republican , democratical , and social ; and it is for all nations that we invite the alliance of all kinds of devotedness . The rest Uea \ fitain the duties of the national committees .
" Each of them has the right and the duty to study aud to draw out , as a preparatory work for his country , the special solution which is called for by the moral , the economical , and the social condition of the country ; in the same way as in every state it is the right and duty of every citizen to draw out and propose the solution , which he considers the best , of the problems which are there agitated . The people—the judges in the last appeal—will decide .
"TheEuropean Central Committee may watch that these solutions , by quitting the common ground , beyond which there can be neither justice nor right , do not throw the leaven of inequality , of discord , and of struggle , into the bosom of the alliance of peoples ; it has no power beyond that . Neither man-King nor people-King . The people , which should pretend to substitute its solution for the solemn problems which present themselves in a different manner in each country would be guilty of an act of usurpation , in the same way as an individual or a
school which should pretend , by making of it a sine qua non of co-operation , to impose its own inspiration on its brethren , would he guilty of an act of tyranny , and would violate the -vital idea of democracy—the dogma of collective sovereignty . Neither the one nor the other would comprehend anything of the one and mutiply life of humanity In order to discover , to judge , and to appl y any particular formula , it is necessary to exist—to live the life which ferments in all , free , full , and loving . Do the people now live ? Are they at liberty to expreaatlieir wishes , their tendencies , and their
joint aspirations ? Can they love and increase a hundredfold in fraternal activity , their faculties and their strength , in the midsfc of that atmosphere of corruption , of mistrust , of oppression , and of espionage , which surrounds them ? It is necessary , before all , to recall them to life and to action . It is necessary to open to them the great roads of liberty . It is necessary , in order that noble and great ideas should arise in their hearts , to efface from their forehead the disgraceful mark of slavery . Their intelligence must be imbued with the enthusiasm of a collective life , of joint responsibility , and of sovereign liberty . That is the first step to take—that is the first round to be
ascended on the ladder of progressive , national , and European education . The Central Committee occupies itself the more with this as it is forgotten by others . The men who compose it , and those who labour with them , do not think of contemplating the solitary production of their own intelligence ; they think of stirring op the intelli gence of all , and calling it into the arena . They do not content themselves with thinking , they think of acting . That ought to be now the mot d'ordre of every patriot . ( Signed ) "LedruRouin . A . Dabasz . J . Mazzew . a . Ruge . " London . June 1 . "
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Court of Chaxcert am > Judicial Committee Bill . —On Tuesday the government Bill , brought forward by Lord John Russell , to improve the administration of justice in the Court of Chancery and in the Judicial Committee of Privy Council ' was printed . There are twenty clauses in the measure . Two additional judges , at £ 6 , 000 a year , are to be appointed . The Lord Chancellor , instead of £ 14 , 000 , as Chancellor and Speaker of the llouseof Lords , is to have £ 10 , 000 a year , and the Master of the Bolls £ 6 , 000 . The extra expense is to be paid out of the dividends arising from the suitors' fund . The equity judges are to give their attendance at the House " of Lords . There is a blank in the bill respecting the annuities to he given to the judges on their resignation . The jurisdiction of the Yice-Cbancellor in Bankruptcy is to be given to the Court of Appeal under this bill . According to a lite return the arrears in the Court of Chancery , at Hilary Term last , numbered 983 appeals , demurrers aod causes , i
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TO THE MIXERS OF NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM . Feixow me 3 ? , —The present time is pregnant with important results to you , and as you act at thia moment so will you fare either goodor bad . The Union which has existed amongst you for the last two years has been productive of groat advantages to all ; you have by it alone been enabled to raise your wages , on tho averase , ninepenco per < iay ; and where this amount is not " got by an actual advance of prices , it has either wh ' olly or in pavt been realised by preventing the employers defrauding you with the unfair weighing machines ; for as soon as you put your own weigher by the side of the one engaged by the employers , then your average weight was increased to a great extent , and your wages raised accordingl y . TO THE
The time has however arrived when you have by your apathy and lukewarmness put in jeopardy these important advantages . The Union has declined , and the few hundreds of brave men who have supported it of late have been obli ged to discharge all the agents and to postpone the delegate meeting tor six weeks , so as to lessen tho burden thus thrown upon them by your apathy and thoughtlessness I t is true that you should once more coma forth m your thousands and redeem the past for unless you do so there soon will be no Union in e £ istence ; and your experience must necessarily teach you what will then take place—namely , reduction of prices , and the contumelj of employers .
Fellow-men , I have taken the liberty to address you on this matter because I perceive that your wages are in danger-that the advantages achieved by the Union are about to be lost ; and when it is considered that by the instrumentality of that noble institution you had past hist year-the Miner s Inspection Bill—which , although very imperfect , has laid the foundation of Legislative interference on that subject , and it but awaits the putting forth of further energies to make it move efficient . Then ajrain there is the eight hours bill which you pledged yourselves to bring before the Legislature by your petitions and other legitimate means . Likewise the obtaining of an act to work coas by weight , and to be paid for all cood coals
seni to uanK . These and many other important matters are sure to fall to the ground , unl . ss vou once more rally around the standard of Union and besiege the Legislature and the government with your appeals and petitions , until you obtain those just concessions . I have next to draw your attention to the projected Mutual Union about to be established between tho Seamens' Society and tho Miners . Those propositions have been agreed to at the recent Seamens Conference , which was also attended by Mr . Daniells for tho miners of Derby and Sottinghamshire , and b y Mr . Swallow on the part of Lancashire , having for their purport the formation of such union , and further , that a levy of two-penco each member has been solicited to send out four missionaries , two to be miners and two to be seamen one of each body to travel together and nr ^ m ™
the seamen of the different ports and the miners of each district . These proceedings all point to this as the proper time when you should be up and doing ; the good work thus begun will perhaps languish and die if you fold your arms and sleep on . Let me then implore of you to put on the avmour of resolution and determine to be yourselves again . Again to remind those who oppress you that the fetters are weak when your united strength 13 applied—that they will snap asunder , and leave vou free when once you will it . "
Fellow Men , ponder on these things , and do not any longer allow youselves to be ruled like children . See how the brave men of Deleval , Glaswell lletton , Dalton , and Wallsend have stood unflinchingly up to this time , and are still determined to stand , if you will but rally again and assist in the good work . Look to the South , and there you have the miners of Lancashire and Cheshire , together -with those of Derby aud Nottinghamshire and others m Yorkshire , all on the move , all intent upon the establishment of a union that shall -secure to them the fruits of fieir toil . Shall it bo said that the miners of this district are behind those above alluded to , or that wo are careless of the cousequences of such apath y ? I trust not . I would fain hope that from this time forward we will determine to do our duty , and endeavour individually and collectively to go band in hand with all who are strug .
ghng for progress and the emancipation of labour . In conclusion , allow me to draw your attention to the forth-coming trial for conspiracy , which aa readers of the ' Star' you must necessarily be acquainted with . Let every colliery attempt a collection , however small the amount . Recollect that " many littles make a muccK" Imitate the example of Deleval aud Elemore , noticed in last week ' s paper , who have subscribed nearly a , pound between them . To those who live near Newcastle , I would say , attend the Joiners' Hall Democratic lleat'ingroom on Sunday night , where the subject will be entertained , and by placing our mites in tho hand of the Defence Committee , Messrs . Peel , Green , and the other indicted parties may have that defence afforded them which the importance of the caso demands . Yours respectfully , M . Jude .
P . S . —I trust the Trades of Newcastle will take an interest in the case of the indicted parties . They can obtain Subscription-sheets and other necessary documentary explanations by applying to me at any time , or I will wait upon parties who desire it , and forward whatever they give to the proper quarter . M . J .
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THE REPRESENTATION OF FINSBURT . A public meeting was held on Monday evening , at the Finsbury Literary and Scientific Institution , Leicester-place , St . Petcr ' s-terrace , Hatton-garden , to give an expression of approbation to the parliamentary conduct of Thomas Slingsby Duncombo , and to express their opinion relative to the attempt of certain journals to injure him in public estimation , for his opposition to the government Ecclesiastical Titles Bill . This meeting was the second of a series held in the borough of Finsbury . At half-past eight o ' clock , this newly erected and commodious hall being well filled ,
Mr . Mence was called to the chair , and in a speech of considerable ability , detailed the objects of the meeting , and showed the hi gh claims which Mr . T . S . Duncombe had upon the gratitude , not only of the liberal electors of that borough , but of the working classes of the whole empire . Mr . Bezer moved the following resolution : — " That , in the opinion of this meeting , the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill is a measure highly insulting to the Catholics of Great Britain , and totally at variance with the great principle of the Emancipation Act of 1829 , the object of that statute being complete freedom of action in connexion with their religious self government . " Mr . Bezer , at considerable length , showed the bigotry and inconsistency developed in the government measure , and
eulogised the conduct of Mr . Duncombe , in daring to oppose the prejudices of many of his supporters , who , while professing liberality in politics , were unable to emancipate themselves ' froin the thraldom of bigotry in matters connected with religion . Any governmental interference was ir jurious to the interests of true religion , and a violation of the first and dearest princi ple of freedom . Mr . Mason ably seconded tha resolution , which was supported by Mr . Lbno , who severely criticised the conduct of the Morning Advertiser newspaper , for its unjust attacks upon the honourable member , and reprobated the line of policy pursued by that journal in relation to foreign , as well as domestic politics . Mr . Roe also supported the resolution , which was carried unanimously . Mr . Bennett moved the second resolution as
follows : — " That the independent and consistent conduct of Mr . Duncombe in the House of Commons , in defence of the rights and interests of the people , deserves the approbation of this meeting ; and we hereby express our determination to support him to the utmost of our power , iu the event of hia again coming forward to represent tho borough of Finsbury . " Mr . Bennett enumerated the variou public acts 1 of Mr . Duncombe , which should endear him to their memory , dwelling particularly upon his exposure of the infamous Post-office Spy System ,
his defeating the nefarious Master and Servants Bill , and his devotion to theoppressed and poor , as evinced in his investigation of the cruelty and injustice practised upon the convicts at the Woolwiuh hulks , tt was in consequence of his labours in that investigation that he received the injury to his health which had deprived them , during the late sessions , of his valuable parliamentary advocacy . He strongly urged upon working men the necessity of supporting one of the best and ablest advocates which labour possessed in the Commons House of Parliament .
Mr . Haixida t seconded the resolution in a speech of great energy . Messrs . T . " M . Wheeler and Fuzzes , sen ., also spoke in favour of the resolution , and deprecated the evils -which ingratitude to a man like Thomas Duncombe would bring upon the cause of the people ,
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^ S 25 # i c : irried ««""» ¦ « " <>«»!> . SSKiStAM Tas * iven t 0 tbe Chairman , who Btrin . S P 3 r » - * nd lh 0 meeting adjourned . SiSi ^ 'T * ' ' Pf oceed » 'g 8 . ^ e following tSfflp Duncoillbe was read to the meet-^ Sfifein «! i » t u 8 S ) ? ' Jnnies's-street , June Cth , 1851 . W& . ;« f ™^ 1 i ? the lTOnour t 0 Mfcnowledgc the rerls » n s " r i ' i V 00 UVcyi » g ; tl >»« a copj-of two Si " I f ^ - * ° at 1 Public meeting a ' . ClerktH ^ LleLcf ^ V » e « m thnfmy opposition to ffiiSlffi V Titl ? , Bm meet 8 ' ^ It « ch Kene-St '" » - , although Pnptry possesses no aSt ' ott ™ yet l «»»»*«• «» at Uhould have been frfeSom tLt t hV acrea ' p ? lcil > les of ci * j | ' ' & ¥ m » ofifeenl htVn ^ CVe . r advocate « . » well asunwSrthj ™ S ° E « nte , ne ( 1 constituency I have . the honour to renrele ''TiT 1 '
thai ' nkoLr ' v ^ ? " ? ™ ofn » ne .-basely succumbed , to Sflh ? & 9 » d J »«*» n « y «» sed last winter through E sZ ; . - « nd thereby deprived my Roman Catholic ™ ftLo ? ih S > Wh v l i 6 r in En *? 1 "' 1 ' 1 or m . Ireland , of any Hion then » h « tt ^ U - . ril ! hts and P riv"eg <« o .. nfcr » a * n > n « f ? ,. y hB Emancipation Act of 1829 , and to which I ln ' a ' tL B ^ L 1 Um c Ie voice and votecould 'hen avail , I had the satisfac tion of being a , consenting party . ¦ ije lieve me to remain , dear sir ,. ot «« t , < - Tows . very faithfully , ^ . iiason , Esq . ; Clerkeritvcll . . ' Thoma * s . Duncombe . OT ™> urag ' : ' oip ? 5 b « vo ' letter elibHSdilpn-d sffiarSrof-appMibafion . ..- ^^ ¦ . ... " * v * w $ - / $
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . Brother Shareholders . — Having several times seen various accounts in the Northern Star relative to the estates of tho Company , with comments on the' ruffianly conduct of the allottees who have paid no rent for four years , " we feel ourselves imperatively called on to submit tho following simple statement of facts to your notice , to prove that the men of O'Connorville , at any rate , should not be included in Buch sweeping assertions , for we find that we have , in the shape of rent , aid money , returned by purchasers , annuities , < fcc , paid to the Directors the sum of £ 877 . Now this would average just £ 3 10 b . 3 R per acre . We know that this
is not an that , 13 due from us , but when our brother members take into acoount the unfavourbleseasons that we have experienced , the repeated failures of our potatoo orops , nnd the depreciated price of all kinds of agricultural produce , we think they must admit that we have not deserved such unqualified censure more especiall y when they are acquainted with the fact , that the farms adjoining to us only let at 14 s . per acre ; while tho sum that we have paid , give , within a fraction , £ 2 2 s . 7 d . per acre per year . It is true that wo have a house as well ; but so have the neighbouring farmers , together with all their barns and outbuildings , which arc included in their rental per acre .
While thus w ishing to set ourselves right with our fellow shareholders and the public , wo would , at the same time , most emphatically declare that we have no sympath y with those on some of the oihev estates who nave refused to pay any rent ; as this statement of what we havo done will beRt prove , and that wo have not paid all tho demands of tho Company , has been owing to ouv inability , and not to our unwillingness . Trusting that Mr . O Connor may succeed in his etfovU to wiml up the affairs of the Comp any , and that justice mav be lone to him and the allottees , aa well as to the shareholders , We remain , on behalf of tho allottees , George W . Whkelek , » J . Lamboubkk , W . House , Thomas Mead .
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NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION , Officcs—H , Southampton-street , Strand . The Executive Committee of this body held wSJT Weekly lllee ^ g .- « 8 ' above , on Ar £ « P * I- euiDg last Resent , MeS 8 rS : Mffi ' ^ y . JM paK Hunt , Jones , and Milne . Messrs . Harney and Reynolds being uvtho country , as was also Mr . O'Connor Correspondence of an edging S 2 y
Hdl iTiT ?! 7 $ \ ° rted that - «* National r r 3 Holboi «> had been engaged for the Pubhc Meeting oii Wednesday evening next m order to adopt a Petition to the Hou " e of Commons , praying fov a « inquiry into the cruel and , mhum ; u ^ eatm nt ited Z iLrnest Jones ,. m Totiill-fields-Prison . That Mr . Wakley , M . P ., had- consented ^ take t ? . * ™>> -: ?? i that-Lord Dudley "Stuart ;; Sir Betrjattua ^ Hallj ^ r . ^ 1 S ; Duncombe , Mr . Miluer ^ bsonV-feidotlKerg had been invited and were expected to attend
Mr . Thornton Hunt then read a very able article which he had written at the request of the Committee , for publication in the first monthly circular , to be issued by tho Executive . The article was hi ghl y approved of . The Secretary was instructed to request all sub-secretaries and agents forthwith to forward a return of tho number of paying members , and also their subscri ptions for the last two months , in order to ascertain the number
of circulars each locality would require for gratuitous distribution . And further , as tho circulars will bo sold at the low . price of one halfpenny each , ( the usual allowance being given to the trade , ) the above named , and all other friends who feel desirous of aiding iu the sale thereof , will oblige by forthwith sending their orders , and also stating the channel through which the circulars may he forwarded , addressed to . John Aruott , 14 Southumpton-stroet , StrandLondon .
, After tUo transaction of financial and other business , the Committee then adjourned to Wednesday evening next—then to meet at tho National Hall . Signed on behalf of the Committee , * Joim Arnott . Gen . Sec .
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John Stueet LocALm- .-On Tuesday evening last , the adjourned discussion on "The relative merits of Free Trade and Protection " was resumed in the Coffee-room of the Institution . Mr . Arthur Bate in the chair . Messrs . Swift , Jennison , Campbell , Turley , Rogers , and others , having expressed their opinions on the question , Mr . Brinsmoad moved the adjournment of the discussion till Tuesday evoning next , when several talented friends are expected to attend . We have much pleasure in stating , that these discussions appear to be very attractive , as the room was crowded with a highly respectable and attentive audience , and the most friendly feeling and harmony prevailed . Several members were enrolled , and the prospect is very encouraging
Finsbury —On Sunday last the associated democrats met in their room , 21 , Vine street , north-endof Hatton Garden . Mr . Cassinello in the chair . After the preliminary business it was moved b y Mr . Osgood , and seconded by Mr . M'Gee— «• That a public meeting be convened as earl y as possible , to expound the principles of the association more extensivel y in this borough , and to procure new
members ; aud that the council be instructed to endeavour to obtain for that occasion generals of the first order in the campe of democracy . " Carried unanimously . Moved b y Mr . Cater , and seconded by Mr . Daniel Wenlock— " That wo , the associated democrats of Finsbury , respectfully solicit the patriots of the metropolis , who expound and advocate the necessity of universal , political , aud social liberty , to assist the advancement of thia as .
sociation , by giving occasionally , either addresses or lectures on Sunday nights in this meeting room , and to signify their acquiescence in writing to the secretary , David Cater , 12 , Compton-street , Clerkenwell . ' Carried unanimousl y . A vote of thanks was given to the editor of the " Northern Star , ' for his insertion of the first address of this association in the " Star ' of last week . The secretary was instructed to call a special meeting of the members for the Sunday meeting night , on important business . FixsBunv . - The members of this locality met on Sunday erenidg last at the Albemarle Coftee-house
A 111 A «^^ n *• I ** m 1 .. ^ 1 ^ t II ¦ ^ _ ^ Albemarle-strect , Clerkenwell . Mr . Jordan in the chair . After the usual business , the deputation appointed to wait on the committee of inquiry into tho spoliation committed on tho monument of tho late political martyrs , Sharp , Williams , Mid Hunn n d ^ P ? rte , tnat tney had attended at the Cit Uall , Golden-lane , and that it had bet ; n decided on holding a public meeting at the Morpeth-street Institution , to decide on the best means of further proceedings in this most disgraceful case . The locality voted 2 s . Cd ., and a friend subscribed j towar ds the
^ s . u < . expenses . On tho motion of Messrs . Osborne and Winmill , it was agreed :-1 hat it is the opinion of the members of this locality that the shameful outrage committed on the monument 0 . the late martyrs in the cause i > f liberty , Slwrpe , Williams , and llanshard , is an insult to the democrats of Great Britain , and , therefore , a national question , and ought to have been taken up by the Executive Council without delay . It was then agreed to , on the motion of MeBSrs . Weeden and Fuzzen : — " That two persons be appointed to engage the Uall of the Finsbuvy Literary and Scientific Institution , for tho purpose
ot nolding meetings every Tuesday evening to review the proceedings of parliament , and tho political events of the world . " Messrs . Fuzzen and Newsome were appointed with full power to carry out that object . Mr . Osborn reported that he had obtained the consent of the committee of the Finsbury Institution , Leicester-place , Ray-street , Clerkenwell , to the use of their Hall , for the purpose of holding a public meeting on behalf of Louis Kossuth and the Hungarian exiles , and to adopt a petition to parliament , praying that steps be taken for their immediate liberation . It was resolved - .- "That Messrs Weeden and Winmill be appointed as a deputation to the executive on business connected with the locality . " Tho meeting then adjourned to Sunday evouing next at the same
place . Ship , High . btrbet . Whitkchapel . —This locality met on Sunday evening , when Mr . John Shaw brought under notice a letter he had received from W . Thomason . After considerable discussion , the following resolution was proposed by Mr . Dookaey , seconded by Mr . EmmerBon , and carried unanimously : — " That in the opinion of this moeting the dastardly conduct of William Thomason towards our friend and champion , P . O'Connor , Esq ., M . P ., merits the severe reprobation of all right-minded men of whatever grade of politics . And believing that the unprejudiced portoin of the Chartist public have still the utmost confidence in their acknowledged leader , wo beg to express our abhorrence of the coward \ y and atrocious acts of tho wretch who could coolly victimise tho unprotected widow , and inform our friends that W . Thomason is not a
member of the Chartist Association , and that Ins alliance would only reflect disgrace and contumely on a body of honest men . Adehdben . —A public meeting was held in Union Uall , Blackfriars-street , on Monday evening , the 10 t !» inst ., to take into consideration tbe declaration made by Lord John Russell of his intcntion to introduco some measure of reform next session of Parliament , and to resolve on what measures will satisfy the inhabitants of Aberdeen Mr Willia n Lindsay , bookseller , was called to the chair , who , after a few introductory remarks in troduccd Mr . James Fnwer , aeamaD , to move the first resoluton as follows :- « That the downUS tendency of trade , commerce , and agricultuve-tho ffiylflwiT the indu 8 t » o « s clas esltog therwith the large , unnecessary , and constantly
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increasing government expenditure , and theentV ' f ? ° us taxation of this country , principally laid r .-i enUni ^^ ofindustry , is tho result ot tho ,, r which J B 1 ? W , l uri 1 S ' V 3 tem of class legislalio . - . . . Frlw ^ S ht to J at once discontinued . " JJr , soSenfj " " - ? ° tho wron 88 of the SGamor >' f - D ViS Vi T 1 k re 3 ? lllfci ° » w « s McondoiLby JU \ Xn ! i 5 &SnnS- | fOrTOr < 1 foCtS nn « »««¦ - ^ fisssia ^ in ft considering tho antecedent of iK jT n n J& : sell , haa no hope of anything like a geiiProM I , '" ¦ sure of rtform emanating from the prVSn clbii ' e ' "' far less such a measure aa will give satisfaction ^ the unenfranchised masses of this country ; and V ' ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ > meeting hereby pledges itself to use its ' utmost » V ertions to secure the enactment of the meaauresoi reform contained in the rcople ' s Charter , as these are the only measures calculated to give to the tax *
layers a control over the national expenditure , and to make Parliament an authentic reflex of the peo » pic ' s will . " The resolution was seconded by Mr . Georgo Smart in an able address . The Chairmanthen introduced Mr . 6 , J . lJarney to support tho resolution . ¦ iMr . ' Uarney was received , with , prolonged applause , and went into the comparative- ' merits of the People ' s Charter , and of Ilume ' s and Walmosley ' s "Little Charter , " and commented in strong terms on Cobden ' s declaration made to th 9 larhamentary Reform Association , that the extension ot tUo sttffmge was the only practical question 1 1 h H ° also rftvicffed a portion of a speech wade by Mr . George Combe , on national education , m \» , V , ? S m Glasgow , in which that gentleman declared that the world was given by God to he . ober , the moral , the intelligent , and the indusnX fc i 1 C 1 " P olo i ' isin S ^ the iinperfcce nature of his address , as being in consequence of indisposition , he sat down warml y applauded The resolution was put from tho chair anS
unanimously-•? " . Alter " yote of thanks to Mr . Uarney and the Chairman , and suitable acknowlednments tha 73 ^ ° ^^* to-S Serati a , ot KobBjith . — ; On Tuesday evening , the 17 th / inst . a mblic meeting , to .. memorialise Lord Palmoratoa to adopt eftectiv ^ TJloSsucftS-tO libtaiu the liberation of the Hungarian ' patriot , - Louis Kossuth , was lwld m Umon Uall . Mr . George Smart in the ctiiir A memorial was moved by Mr . J . Friwer , seconded by Mr . D . Wright , and supported by Air . Uarney , who was warmly applauded . The memorial was unanimously adopted . Newcastle , —A public meeting was held in St . Nicholas-square , on Thursday evenin ? , the 12 th instant , when Air . Watson delivered a lengthy Jec ture defending the Chartists from the inconsistency brought against them by Sidney of the XcwcastU Chronicle and others , in not sroing over to tho
Parliamentary and l'inancial ltcfonnors . On Sunday morning Mr . Charltou reviewed a part of the Programme , and was listened to with great attention by n numerous audience . After intimating that tho democrats of Newcastle had formed a union with , the men of Sundurlaud , llartlcpool , Stockton , and Shields , and that they would hold a meeting in Aewcasilo , in the Joiners' Hall , on Sunday , Juno Jzud , tho meeting broke up . Siikkfikm ) . —On Sunday evening the council held its weekly meeting in the Democratic Temporanca Hotel , 33 , Queen-htrect , Mr . Aaron lliggingbottom in the chair
, when final arrangements were rnado for a special pleasure tri p from Sheffield to Derby and Nottingham , on Monday , June 23 rd , 1851 , for tho benefit of the refugee * , resident in this town . On Monday evening Mr . G . Hows , authorof Tha Four P s , lectured in tho ilall of Science— Sut'ject , " Our Times . " On the motion of Dr . Roper ) Alderman Groves waa called to tho chair . Tho llsill was well filled with a highly attentive audience . Air , Hows reviewed the position of landlords , tenantfarmers , and laboureiM , showing most clearly that Uieiv one idea of the hope of protection must be for
ever given up . lie next reviewed free trade and free trailers , showing also the fallncy of artisans in the manufacturing districts relying upon these advocates for their salvation—that-they must adopt the only real remedy—that of the associative principle , bein » worked out through , by , and for tlicai-3 ulvea . The lecture will do an immense deal of good . Thanks being voted to the worthy Alderman who most emphatically declared himself a bonafide Chartist , the moeting broke up . On Tuesday tin ) council again met to construct . 1 branch of
. the National Loan Company , and other ur « ent msiness . Mr . William Holmes in the chair . A portion of the business having been » one through , it was found necessary again to adjourn tho meeting . Islington ' , —This locality hold its weekly mcetiii '' in the large room of the Bricklayers Arms , Ton " bridge-street , ISev ? Road , when " Mr . lloggis delivered an able lecture upon the probable results of the Chatter . Air . J . W . Clifton in the chair . Mr . Weeks , Mr . Wood , and several other friends haviti " mado a few remarks , a vote of thanks was given t » the chairman , and the meeting separated .
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The Fissburt Litkbary Institution . —On Sunday evening , the loth inst ., Mr . William Wot ^ etdino delivered a lecture on genius , and as referable to originality , unrequited merit , and fame . The lecturer , after somo critical observations and notice of im-n of genius , said : To such endowed spirits the confiding interests and ihe sordid pursuits of wealth were an unsolved problem . The life of ; i genius , then , was one of sentimentality—a rarificd essence amidst the dense darkness of the world . Had not Genius , had not Linu 3 , Muscus , and Orpheus , like the orb of day , shone on the universe , all would have been darkness and barrenness . Civilisation never would have been ushered in , —tha arts and civilities of life never would have spruit" "
up ! The lecturer showed what the aristocracy should be , but of which they were the antithesis . He said that Horace and Virgil basked under tho sunshine of tho Emperor Augustus and tho truly aristocratic Mecenas , who we re , according to Suetonius , patrons of men of genius and learning ; and it were not too much to predicate that a little patronage would fan many a scintillation ot genius into a blaze . The lecturer niililly condemned , tho arrogance of tho " aristocracy , " which term , however , was a misnomer and a burlesque 1 Speakin g of true fame , ho said that it did not detract from the purity of motive , but secured its continuity ; who did not sec that it was favourable to tha cherishing of virtue and the improvement of mind ?
Did the architects of Greece raise splendid temples ? Did Phidias and Frasctiles produce almost living statues without a desire and an aspiration to establish their fame on an imperishable basis ? The Hkfuoebs . —On Tuesday evening a meeting was held at the Fraternal Home , when Mr . T . Brown stated that somo more of the llufugces had , obtained employment , and that ho had received accounts from their employers , giving those previously employed , an excellent character fov honesty , industry , and sobriety . He read a communication from Xovwich , which was as follows : — " Wo beg to say , on behalf , of the Refugees at Norwich , that they give every satisfaction , ' and wo
sire so satisfied with them , that at the earliest opportunity wo will take some others . Signed , E . Alvis , Secretary to shoe-makers , Norwich . " Mr . Brown also stated that £ 103 10 * . had been paid theltcfugees , besides £ 0 for rent , and that the books were open to the inspection of visitors . The sub . scriptions have lately been very trilling , and as a number of Italian Refugees have lately arrived , T . Brown hopes that every lover of Democracy will forward subscriptions immediately for their support , or otherwise find employment for them . Subscriptions can be sent to Mr . Rider , Mr . O ' Connor , Mr . Reynolds , or Mr . Arnott , for the Refugees .
National Reform Leaguf .. —On "Wednesday evening a public meeting was held at St . Leonard ' s Uall , Shoreditch , when the question was opened by Mr . B . O'Brien in favour of protection to native industry , and entire prohibition of all manufactured articles and agricultural produce which could be produced in this country , and thereby give employment to our own population . Mr . O'Brien submitted a resolution iu support of his views to the meeting , which was seconded by Mr A Campbell , and ably supported by several working men in the body of the hall , who declared that
the free trade policy was daily making their condition worse , and that unless it was changed it would drive the people to a bloody revolution , such as had occurred in France , for which Mr . Cobden and tho Manchester school should be held responsible . An amendment was offered to the effect that protection should not be adopted , a 3 nine-tenths of the profits had formerly gone into > the pockets of landlords ; but when it was put no > hands were held up . The resolution was then carried unanimously , and the meeting terminated at half-past eleven .
Rbmeskntation of GREKNwicn . —On Thursday in consequence of a requisition si gned by upwar d * of 800 of the electors , Alderman Wire declared his intention to stand for the representation of the borough . Alderman Salomons aU 0 addressed the constituency I ,, the course of the day meeting of the friends of both eaatifotes took place and there . s every reason to expect a sharp contort In the course of the afternoon it was currently re , ortert nolffl-J V i tow ; ,, but th » «*< wt can have no foundation , for the gallant admiral bnn « rMn . dis
Xta ^^ ir ° ° P ^ itionsof Uierespec : able portion of the constituency , that hp-wutLafc have the slightest chance of succcss . /^> ^< f N Ihk Quern ' s " Vim to tub Ctr /^^^ 5 jtte « -J .... parations are being made by tha ^ ui ^ eojwJ ^ o ^ Bi ¦ luminate the line of route her MfcwBt ^*^ ' ^^ e % to take on the fovvhcnniing intorts ^^ jme ^ it h < to tho City . According to th ^ pfe&S ^ i ^ WA ^ - ;¦ » ? / wient the RoyM corfojc will not r ^ V ^ 5 ^! 7 vN (' till ten o ' clock in the evening , 501 . VGjJ -raS &V ^ s ' FUXEUAI , OF LottD MEl-VlLLE .- ^ h < l | i £ . | wW-. PE ^\ the lute Lord Melville were on % TM £ M& $ T / the grave in the family vaults at ^ wSP ^^ re ! / Of LuSSWiViO , ^^ fiijGg ^
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TnE Times says that Lord Grey governs a colony 3 Cawaiii Cuttle managed his watch—he put it ftrir .-., J a quarti-r of an hour in the morning , and nick :,. 4 f au hour in the evening . His gift of free * c 3 ti- nions is so managed as to g ive additional bitma \ t < a to ihe moreuarrow despotism by which they are j' . : mTde (]> Pu-aetike < t the EuKOPA . —This fine steam-S " ! . • 'I ' -Jijtit-w to the British and Xorth American «« ja ; Mail ' gleam-stop Company , and commanded W ; t . L « tt , left the Mersey at noon on Saturday JMt for H ; , iifax and Boston , having on board the SfMk for the United States and the British Pro-^ c « . a large and valuable cargo of merchandise , ~ fc ; . ir ; j S of eighty passengers . -Tjje " 1 AM 0 XD 3 wcrn by the Marchioness of Lon-*» Mt-. ry , at u , c Costume Ball last veefc , we of lvalue of £ 150 flQ 8 ,
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THE MONUMENT ERECTED TO THE MEMORY OF IIANSHARD , WILLIAMS , AND The adjourned meeting was held at tho City Hall , 26 , Golden-laue , on Sunday afternoon ; Mr . Arnott in the chair . The CiuiRMis reported that according to instructions he had written to the Secretary of tho Board of Directors , but had not received a reply ; and after considerable comment upon this uncourteous treatment , Mr . Mason moved , and Mr . J . Siuw seconded-. — " Tunt a public meeting bo held at the Institution , Morpeth-street , Green-street , Bethnal Green , on Tuesday evening , July 1 st , to call attention to this desecration of the sanctity of the dead . Mr . Cox thought that they might succeed in having the damage repaired without the necessity of calling a meeting .
Mr . Slocombe entertained no doubt that the Company were legally obliged to repair the damaee done Ho advised that a lawyer be engaged To write , demanding the repair of tho monument , and if not complied with , that legal steps be taken to enforce it . Mr . Siuw explained that this demand had already been made . It would be difficult to name a party to prosecute them . Mr . Cox stated that the ground was taken in the namo of two trustees , and that the prosecution could bo carried on in their names ,
Mr . FufczBN was in favour of holding a public meeting ; that would not debar them from taking legal proceedings . Mr . "Wheeler said they had informed the Directors that unless their demands wore complied with they would call a public meeting on the subject , and they could not consistently do otherwise ; they could obtain the sanction of thp public meeting to a prosecution , or any other ulterior steps they might think well to adopt . Mr . Shaw stated that he had seen Mr . O'Connor , and that gentleman expressed his readiness to attend a public meeting . Mr . Cox made a similar statement relativo to Mr . Reynolds .
The resolution was then unanimously adopted . Mr . J . Shaw was elected secretary to the public meeting , and the following sums were immediatel y handed to him to assist in defraying the expenses : — Mr . Magee , 2 s . Cd . ; Messrs . Arnott , Wheeler , Shaw . Mason , Cox , and Slocomhe , Is . each . A deputation , consisting of Messrs . Shaw and Slocombe , was appointed to wait upon the Executive , requesting their attendance and support at the public meeting . Mr . Shaw was instructed to take the necessary steps to give the meeting publicity . Mr . "W heeler was instructed to draw up an address for insertion in tho Democratic Tress , and the following was ' adopted by the committee . The meeting then artjourned uniil the ensuing Sunday afternoon . A deputation attended from the Finsbury body , and the other localities arc requested to send deputations to the ensuing meetinc . THE COMMITTE E APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE DESECRATION OF THE MONUMENT ERECTED TO THE MEMORY Of IUNSHARD , WILLIAMS AND SHARP , TO THE CHARTIST BODY . Friends , —When persecution had glutted itself with the death of the above-named patriots , when their lives had paid the penalty of the crimes of society , the Chartists of the metropolis , sympathising with their fate , paid thorn a last tribute of respect by attending their remains to the Victoria Park Cemetery , and erecting over them a monument to perpetuate their memory , and record their virtues . Political prejudice , combined with bigoted intolerance , refused to allow any inscription on their tomb save such as would havo been a mockery to tho dead , and an insult to the livinir . The \
therefore contented themselves with tho mute eloquence of a Cap of Liberty , placed on tho pedestal of the monument , and this poor favour was grudgingly allowed . A few short months have elapsed , and persecution with relentless hand pursues them even beyond tho gravo . The unhallowed hand of violence has removed the emblem of liberty , and defaced the monument , seeking to remove even that evidence of the guilt of their oppressors . In vain have we sought redress at the hands of the Directors of the Cemetery ; our appeals are unanswered , our complaints treated with studied neglect . Wo turn to you , the people , for justice . Speak to them in the voice of your might , and they will be compelled to bow to your decision . Let every Chartist in the metropolis attend the meeting on Tuesday evening , July 1 st , at tho Institution ,
Morpethstreet , Bethnnl Green . I it is near to the murdered remains of our brethren . ] Let no man bo absent from his post ; let those who have the means , both in town and country , aid us with funds to procure substantial justice . This is a sacred duty , and demands your immediate attention ; to be listless is to be criminal ; to neglect this call is to abandon the cherished memories of the past , to throw shame and obloquy upon those whom we have enshrined in our hearts as patriots , and revere d as martyrs , Let not thia disgrace attach itself to our names let the gathering on that day bo equal to the importance and solemnity of the occasion . Whilst demanding justice for tho living , let us secure safety for the dead . On behalf of the Committee , John Arnott , Chairman . John Siuw , Secretary .
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TnE Earl of Eldos is still suffering from severe indisposition .
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~ y . * - ' : ... . . .... « -f :- ^ rr 'V'rt-KV >~ .- - Ihi- ^ h . . ¦ - ,- ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦> . ¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ - : - ¦¦ - ..., > ., : V-t ' O . ' ^^^ : . F > - % < :: *' - ' - -- ¦ ' . " "' " ¦ ¦ ; " ¦" ¦•¦ ' - ; ¦ ¦• ¦ ; : ¦ : ' . '¦ _ _ / ' , ,-. . . _ AND NATIONAL TJSeI ? 'IOITRNat . ' *' v' "' « . _ . " ~~ - — ^ ^ ^_ i _ j _^__^_ w
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Ol ^^ ™ Lffl » ° - TO- LOKBOH , SATURDAY , Ipl , 1851 ; * ~ ^^~^ u ^ ^ ~~~ ' ' — ¦¦ ¦¦ foif- ' -srrT——¦—'_!_ ' ¦ ¦ -,, - -v ,- ¦¦ ¦ : lf lv « , Shllli » K * and SixpcMc *) per < tnnrr « ,. '
To The Working Men Of 1 England.
TO THE WORKING MEN OF 1 ENGLAND .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 21, 1851, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1631/page/1/
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