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Northern Star (1837-1852), 13th December 1851, Edition 1 of 2, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      REASONS FOB THE FEDERATIVE XJNIOX BETWEEN THE EMPIRES OP GREAT BRITAIN AND THE TJNI T £ D STATES OF NORTH AMERICA ' { Contluded from our last . ) ^} , at can the uations of the earth desire jnore { ban to have a good and valuable diameter formed for them , a superfluit y of superior xreatth anunally created , to be surrounded hy external objects whose influences Bp them sliall be always for good and oevcr for evil , to be united cordiall y to all ilieir fdl < wa of every clime and colour to ^ m B BETWEEN tSPehISI

      - tie federatively united , nationall y at first that they may be ultimatel y more strongly united by one language , one interest , a ° nd 0 Be universal object , —namely , to promote to flic greatest practicable extent the happiness of .-ill sentient beings on our globe , in order that goodness , wisdom , charity , and love amy reign supreme over the human race ' and that the animal creation may generally fo treated by mail urith tlio consideration and mercy due to fellow-beings , whose existence aad «} aalitJes have been , like his own , created for them , evidentl y that the y may also en joy tlieh existence .

      But it is only through the federation of nations that these superior and greatly to be des ired results can be attained . Tlio world must be at peace , -with no one to jiiake any one afraid , before these allg lorious results can be accomplished . And the federation of nations can alone g ive this peace ; while , to make it permanent , the knowledge how to form a « ood and superior character for all , and to create wealth continually in superabundance for all is equally necessary .

      This knowledge having been discovered , saHons may now proceed in strai ghtforward practical measures to give peace , knowledge , wisdom , -wealth , and happiness , to the human race , ivith one condition onl y that may for a short time be disagreeable to the few vrho have been unfortunatel y trained to lord It over the many ; but tins prejudice and mistaken notion of happiness will be obliterated as soon as measures shall be efficiently p ut into practice to train and educate men to income rational in mind and conduct .

      And the time is now arrived in the due older of nature for this training and education to be generally commenced ; but not by ihe slow and isolated processes of universities alleges , and schools ; butbytho free newspaper press and electricity . Let man over the earth be now taught by these means that the time has arrived £ - When all may be trained and educated to tecome good , intelligeut , and valuable members of a rational-made universal society . When substantive wealth can with ease and pleasure , even as a pastime to its producers , be created in abundance for all

      When men and nations can be cordially united in interest and feeling , without ieaiousy or desire for individual privileges or for any superior personal consideration . When the circumstances Avhich have hitherto created evil may be altogether replaced by those which will create good . W hen the habitations of men may be al made superior , and when the land around iLem may be made fruitful and beautiful . When slavery and servitude may be made to cease from the human race , and be transferred to mechanism , chemistry , and the ether sciences .

      When all shall he occupied in assisting each other to advance in every kind of improvement—physically , intellectually , morally and practicall y . And when , in fact , swords may be turned into ploughshares , and spears into pruning hooks ; and every man may sit under a vine or figtree , and there will be no one to make him afraid . The more the subject is considered the more numerous and greater are the reasons for the immediate commencement of the federation of nations . The science by which to form a good character from birth through life has been discovered .

      ^ The science by winch to create wealth , as ^ p leasure and pastime , in abundance for all , lias been discovered . The science b y which the human race may be united as one man has been discovered . The science by which individual ambition , all desire for individual privileges—the causes of and the remedy for j ealousy— has been discovered . The science which makes evident the cause of the past and present ignorance , irrationality , insanity , and mad contests , of the human nee , and the remedy for them , has been discovered .

      The cause of and the remedy for the obstructions which prevent the unity , peace , and happiness of the human race have been discovered . And , therefore , the path is open for the immediate commencement of the federation of nations , beginning with the federative union of Great Britain and the United States of North America . If there are men whom the past experience ftf the human race has prepared now to hecyme rational , they will immediately unite to stay the threatened insane contests between

      tsespDiism and repubticanism — to terminate fecGn ] .. ignorance , poverty , evil passions , and bad habits ; and to open the eyes of the human race to enable them to discover the Unught and easily pursued path to unity , perpetual progress , and happiness . , And . also , to discover with how much ease lie present insanity of all nations may be overcome , and all of them , made to become

      National . The cause of the ignorance , superstition , poverty , disunion , evil passions , vice , crime , contests , wars , and miser )' , is the insane notion &at man forms his own qualities and powers , ^ ad directs his conduct by a free-will of his own creating ; and hence the past and present £ w $ s irrationality of the human race in Eur 0 j > e , Asia . Africa , and America .

      Hsttoe , with the most ample means to produce permanent prosperity and happiness *¦' ¦«¦ all , the almost universal adversity and misery p f all . Is this insanity to continue for ever ? — or a a there now a sufficient number of men and women with moral courage equal to the crisis which has arrived in the civilized portion of the world to say— " Stop ! We are in a wronf course ! Our fundamental principle

      s a palpable error , and has led us far astray irom the trath and right . Let us call the attention of mankind to calmly consider the foundation on -which they now form the character of all from birth ; on which they conduct society j on which the authorities of the jvorld have devised existing institutions ; and "Y which they are now compelled to govern the populations in all nations by force , fear , aad fraud . "

      Yes ; the question is , — can the requisite nu mber of men and women be now found , w "h sufficient moral courage to speak and imbhsh the trath , and abide hy it to the death , 111 opposition to the present wretched principalities of the world , aided by the stupid igaorance which superstition and mistaken go-^ raments have forced into the minds of the easily led millions over the earth ? Are there a sufficient number of men and women form a society to promote the federation of nations and the union of individuals on rational and scientific principles , to remove from all countries the cause of i * norance disunion , poverty , crime , and bad ° cir-» order . that the sufferings of toe poor , the oppressions of the rich and the ignorance of both may be overcome ?

      Untitled Article

      nZ l ° S ma y be e » titled , justly to express its objects , "The Universal Federation and Union Society . " i , Q T ! i ? ? J alParent Branch for Europe to be esl abhshed in London . P The Central Parent Branch for America to be established in Washington . iJ ^ deration of nations and union of al ] individuate in a cordial co-operation to aid in increasing the happiness of every one without distinction of class , sect , party , country , or colour , is the legitimate result of the great fundamental principle , — ^ ll ^ l ^ l }^ ^ titled , justly to "H

      lhat the qualities and powers of each one ot the human race are formed for them by the Great Creating Power of the Universe ; and that , from the birth of the individual tUose qualities and powers are well or illdirected according to the good or evil circumstances by which society surrounds the individual through life . " The GREAT TRUTH to be made known to tna nations of the earth is , — " That the means are now amply provided to enable all governments to commence new measures to surround all within their government with good , virtuous , and superior circumstances only ; and thus to secure to

      every one , a good , virtuous , and superior character from birth . And that a really virtuous , good , consistent , and superior character lor the human race cannot be formed by any other means . " And the circumstances which can alone create this character for all are those which will enable society to well-employ , unite , and govern all , with the certainty and simplicity of the laws of nature . Thus will the causes which have heretofore produced and which now produce ignorance , idleness , poverty , disunion , evil passions , and all crimes , with the miseries which these

      errors create , be peacefully , gradually , and effectually removed from around mankind . And who will be injured b y this change from all that is erroneous in principle and most injurious in practice , to all that is true in principle and most beneficial and beautiful in practice ? The new arrangements which will arise under this change will include the hi ghest

      perfection of mechanical and chemical powers and ingenuity , with the rarest and most advanced artistic skill and taste ; in order that this chaos of confusion which now covers our earth may be gradually , at no distant period , transformed into a terrestrial paradise , a fit abode for the superior . made beings to inhabit ; and that the character and external circumstances maybe made to : be consistent and in accordance with each other .

      And when the fundamental principle on which society must be based to make it become rational shall be so well-understood as to enable the public nrinfl to trace its necessary consequences in practice through all the ramifications of society , the population of the world will at first be astonished and confounded with the simplicity and ease with which the change will be accomplished . ROBERT OWEN . London , Jermyn Street , Nov . 22 , 1851 .

      Untitled Article

      ( Fromthe Spectator . ) High treason in its grossest and most criminal form is the crime which Louis Xapoleon has perpetrated—the hi » h treason of a low-minded adventurer . Courage is libelled when its name is applied to the heartless audacity of this " new way to pay old debtB . " It is not only insurrection against the law and the constitution , but against every principle , every feeling , and every interest of the country . Even the pretence of imitating " mon oncle " ia but a disguise ; the counterfeit iJonaparte covers himself with a shield which would be a cheat even if it bore the bar sinister on its face . It is nothing better than the sequel of Strasbourg , Boulogne , on a grand scale ; only that , being officially in possession of resources more considerable than the boots

      of " iny uncle , or a tame eagle , the adventurer is able to command success—at the outset . But what lies beyond ? The project has in itself no appearance of plausibility . Louis Napoleon has made uo appeal to any party in the State ; for even the Bonapartists most be ashamed of the infamy , the low-bred outrage , committed in their name . The wholesale arrests with which he has cleared off all opponents that could be caught have included all parties alike , from legitimist to Red—from Berryer to Michel de Bourges . He has seized the generals of the army— "tbe Africans , " the Hoclies , the Massenas , and the Murats of the present day ; but in the army , to say nothing of its Republican sentiments , there is many a young Lamoriciere and

      Caraignac , many a Bedeau and Charras , who must be enraged beyond forbearance when they hear that so many of themselves , having attained thd highest po 3 ts of chivalry , were cowardly surprised in the night by armed police , were packed up like clothes for the wash , and ignobly carried off to prison . Loui 9 Napoleon has no miltary glories to boast , except the upauthenticated inheritance of a name which his actions refute ; in default of Austerlitz or Marengo , of Egypt or Italy , he falls back upon , the sausages and champagne of Satory ; but we hnve yet to learn that a French army , descendant of those which followed Xapoleon shoeless and hungry , can prefer champaigne to old victories , or ? ausage 3 to the memories of the field . Much of Louis 2 fapoleon ' s scheme is necessarily dark to us , as dark as the beginning was when the adventurer

      was concealing the treachery of the dawn under the gay gambling of the night : but we have seen him before . At Strasbourg , his invention began and ended with the boots and a row in the inn yard ; at Boulogne , after he had shot the lieutenant in cold audacity , he had nothing further to advance in justification of that brutal bloodshed—brutal because idle . His latest act has been likened to that of Cromwell in dissolving the Long Parliament , and that of Ifapoleon on the 18 th Bruiuaire ; but they had a settled policy , they embodied a real power , they had some state motive . Louis Is apo Icon's atrocious act of land piracy cannot be compared with their coups de main , which were real strokes of State . " Xone but himself can be his parallel ; " none but waiters , blackle . es , and hangers-on of saloons his sympathisers . HJ 3 adventures can have no real hold on any ssction of

      Frenchmen . Some confirmation is given to fch ' i 3 conclusion drawn from the internal evidence , in the fact that the protests against him are marked and significant . We sav nothing of the edicts by both sections of the Assembly , or by the London refugees ; nothing ef the summons appear before the fligh Couvt of Justice ; noihins of the insurrection in the streets ; but the letier from Mo ! £ , venerable and moderate , claiming , to be reckoned with his colleagues in arrest—that

      of L 6 on Faucher , moderate and " respectable as an Enslish bank director—both signify that those men are conscious of strong support from public opinion . Both letters speak the sentiments of large and numerous classes , to whom neither cannon nor dragoonins ' will apply . What does M . Achille Fould , creditor and Finance Minister , say to such portenta against his chief and protege ? no buspect that the worthy banker begins to think that piracy i 3 not a safe commercial speculation , ana that in his person the Hebrew race has for once been duped on a gigantic scale .

      CAtaline is the parallel that occurs to every one . But it i 3 a libel on the Roman . Catalmo was a roue , a reckless libertine , a bravo . But there was sonic patrician spirit in the fellow ; there was , oepend upon it , something to be said , even m hw camp , about the degenerate " party in power , " over whose judicial debates Cicero could throw such a gloss . The parallel holds only in its baser traitsits abandoned recklessness , its nocturnal outrage . But perhaps the night surpriso wa 3 only a fiction of Cicero ' s . The " alteniat" of the 2 nd of December belongs not to political but to criminal history . It ean scarcely have any but an ignominious end .

      Untitled Article

      The Suspected Socialist . —A yonng servant girl at Diion was in the habit of reading her master b newspapers every morning , to the great dissatisfaeuonofher employers , who , wspecting her of being a socialist , told her finally that they did not «» h to retain her longer in th « r employ . But , MenSeur , " answered the girl , " a Mend of *»«» S ^ ^ nV ^ S ^ Serl { £ ^ & £ & ^?* s& « £ « nr friend his gained 50 , 000 francs . ' - 'Eh

      hEnrMonsieur , my friend is myselt-so goaa oye . AnS Patherine took herself off without even waiting »^ SSKVages . She said to her mMfM , " I SveSrved you iW and «*«»*» » m now - ^^ SSSW !^* . George DunbS ! professor of Greek literature m the Lni-Syof Bdbburgh , £ M £ Saturday b * at bi

      Untitled Article

      DINNER TO THE MEMBER FOR ROCHDALE . ti , S K COnstitu ? lsof M ^ StermM Crawford gave 5 S » n £ "ra r , le ,, rePrese « tative a public dinner in the Publici BaH , Rochdale , on Friday evening , December oth . The honourable gentleman had an m VM ritenti 0 Utoretlre *™ PuBtoUfert the close of the present Parliament , and the electors were anxious to testify their sense , in this way , of the high estimation in which they held his ser vices , Mr . William ChaJwkk preaided The principal toasts were- " The Health of Mr . Crawford , " "the Health of Mr . Bright , " and buccess to the members of the late Anti-Corn Law League . " All the toasts were received with «««* t eaeenag ; but Mr . Crawford , having addressed the meeting at great length on the previous flay , giving bis annual explanation of his Parliam tor £ conduct did not speak at length Dli ^ Tro THE MMEr vnn

      u > any . Mr . Brioux was received with much cheering , and dwelt at somelengthupon Electoral Reform . Mr . ConDK . v M . P ., responded to ttie toast , Success to the members of the late Anti-Cowi Liw League . " Having eulogised the parliamentary career of Air . Sbarman Crawford who he said was one of the most disinterested and true hearted patriots it was ever his fortune to meet , Mr . Lobden thus described OUV representative system , and the way in which elections take plnco in this country . You return your member hen of exponse without

      — expense—without solicitation—without < i personal canvass . Is that the mode in which elections are generally carried on in this country ? Ao . Ihe first consideration with many coivstituencies is how they shall find a member who will hear tobeflceoed , —thafcw , "How much sbnll wo be aWe to sell ourselves for this time ? " The price difteiv materially . Sfc . Alban ' s sold itself , I believe , for £ 2 , 500 ; that is its figure , and I think it very dear at the money , ( Cheers and laughter . ) But there are Parliamentary agents in London—Mr . Coppock made no secret of it—Parliaraentavv

      agents who have a regular tariff of prices—how much it will cost to be returned for the boroughs on a list beginning with Abingdon nnd ending with Yarmouth , and I should not exclude either of those two boroughs from the list of those who havo had tarip . First of all , there must bo a round sum paid to / rorge those leeches in the shaye of—sometimes from Scotland they are professional men , who fasten on a constituency—four or five lawyers , if there happen to befourorfivo boroughs groupod together ; or there may bo some ll Wa ^ getts " I think they call them at St . Alban's , and ho manages , after gorging half the constituency , to have a little balance left over unpaid to some score or two of venal voters in the boroueh . probably

      for drink supplied ; and the consequence is , that when the next election comes on , these parties come to get their money paid , and they say , Can't you find a customer who will pay off the eld arrears ? " And accordingly he . tries to find a man who will not only pay his own bribery , but pay the old score of the man who ran away without paying his shot . ( Laughter . ) Well , having got hu return in that way , then come other claims upon him . He is expected in very many cases to subscribe to the annual races ; the 11 Members' Cup " must be nra for . " Ifc is a very old custom , Sir , and I assure you , Mr . Soand-so , it would be exceedingly injurious to your parliamentary influence here if you did uot

      subscribe for the Members' Cup ; it is a very old custom . " ( Cheers and laughter . ) So be must support the races . Then there is a race-ball which he will have to contribute to , or perhaps ho will ho expected to tike a tew tickets for distribution among his friends in the boruogh . After that they are importuned to subscribe to charities in the borough , or if there is a subscription got up in winter to supply clothing or coals to the poor , the members are called on first . Individuals , if they have any case of want or necessity arising , go to the member , as though his purse was that of Fortu-RMvis , and had no bottom to it , ( Laughter . ) Well , the result is that it hrj t of all leaves the representation of this country to rich men—very rich men , because

      unless a mim have some large sum at the banker ' s , or some latid which they can mortgage , he cannot stand for these venal boroughs . ( Hear . ) Well , but it does more ; it places the man who goes to Parliament on such terms in this predicament ; he says , " I have been sacrificing the money of my family ; 1 have been trenching on my future income , mortgaging my estate , I must see what I can get out of the Minister for supporting him ; I must see that I don't lose by this . " They make merchandise of you immediately , and " having bought you , naturally go and sell you . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Then I tell you how it operates on the tactics of Parliament . Sometimes you will see accounts in the papers of a crisis—a " Ministerial

      crisis" is the phrase ; and you will . find that there is some question on which the government expecta to be . in a minority . There is known to be n majority in the house who are bound by their convictions to vote in opposition to some measure on which the government lms staked its reputation , and therefore it is expected that they will resign . I will tell you what the tactics are : —The government tells their wipper-in to send out a ' circular to nil their usual supporters to come and see them in Downing-street . The members go down there to a large room , where the Minister of the day gets on a chair and addresses his friends and supporters , and tells them it is his duty to persevere in tbe course which he has undertaken , and he should regret

      exceedingly if for want of support he should find that he was no longer able to carry on the aftairs of government , and be obliged to resign , so that lie is determined to stand or fall by the measure which he has proposed . Well , then , no sooner are we dismissed titan the whisper goes round that the Minister intends to appeal to the country . Very well . Now what do you think are the ieelingB which come across the mind of a man who has been fleeced at St . Alban ' s , or Yarmouth , or A . \> iagdo »? For all the world it is-aa though some one stood over him with a bludgeon and preparing to demand hi 3 money or life ; " £ 2 , 500 , or vote for the Ministry . " ( Loud cheers and laughter . ) And in sheer nppreheusion , in downright dread of this

      enormous fine that will be entailed upon him if he goes down for re-election , in order to escape this present of £ 2 , 500 , or whatever is the amount his election may have cost him the year before , he doubles up and packs up his conscience and votes against his convictions to keep the Ministry in power . ( Cheers . ) So that by the very fact of your having robbed this candidate when he stood for bis election , you deprive him of his conscience and independence , inasmuch as he 13 terrified at the idea of having to comedown to be robbed by you again . Now , there is another evii in which this results . I am letting you into some State secrets . ( Laughter . ) These are rich men who must pay this money . You cannot have men

      unless ttioy can command money ; you cannot have them in Parliament by such a process as I have been describing . Xgw , I am going to join in no vulgar abuse of rich meD , bec ; iuse we all know that in thiseouiitiy you m . iy find a . s good men , as disinteresteJ meu , and prudent men among the ricli as among the poor ; but still , after all , it is not desirable that all the men who sit in Parliament should be of necessity very rich men , because when you come to questions of economy or retrenchment these very rich men are very apt to measuio sah > lies , offieial salaries , and other appointments , by a standa ' d'far above that which men of the ordinary middle rank of life , if they sat in Parliament ., would ba inclined to think was necessary - $° > ono of

      the effects of bringing a large portion of the community into the political arena , by giving them a right to vote , one of the effects I should wish to see follow would be a majority , strictly speaking , of the middle class oflifu—men who kno « - what it is to struggle upwards in life—men who know the value of money , by Laving bad to accumulate it by shillings or by ' pounds . And you may be assured they are quite aa competent to deal with questions that come before us as men who are born on a landed estate of £ 10 , 000 a year , and having wasted all the early part of life at school , or at Oxford or Cambridge . Kow , these are men who can never enter Parliament unless a totally different system

      prevails from that which , exists at St . Alban s , A > ingdon , and Yarmouth , and we can induce other constituencies to imitate the example which Koclidale has set them . But besides abstaining from corruption-which is a very small thing to ask from a constituency-I have another complaint to make against constituencies , that they allow their representatives frequently to forget tbe principles they were sent to the House of Commons to aflvocite , and to join tbe government as a member or it , or by opposing every principle they were elected to support ! What I have to nnd fault with m this -that they send members to parliament ; pledged to not . f c . in orincinlps . and when they get there tney

      3 owt £ mto « . &r the ranks of the gover ™ and virtually to abandon the advocacy of those principles . I could mention eight or ten boroug hs , but it would be invidious to do so . . > ow , we have had som men sitting in parliament since I have beu . there , and in this present parliament too , that nave been sent up fresh from free and liberal constituencies to vote with Mr . Hurae and his four points , the same points adopted at the Manchester Conference , who have voted with him for the reduction of the

      expenditure down to the standard of 1835 , who are now members of the government . Now , what is the process by which this is carried on ? Why , you send up-a constituency sends up to parliament an able man to advocate certain liberal principles , ana sit down with my friend and myself , Mr . liuroe , and others , whom it pleases some people to stignaatise as "the Radical party . " Well , the Whij [ government , seeing these are able men , and toft * ™ " ' are advocating with great ability Mr . ilvlVu f e ° fAiir nnints of oreauic changes and my motions lor

      retrenchment , think it would be very desirable w they could have the services of that gentleman ; ana therefore they invite him to take a post under then , and he accepts it a nd goes down to WB CO *

      Untitled Article

      stituency for re-election . These constituencies receive these gentlemen pledged to liberal measures —receive them at a public meeting . Not one question is put to them whether they have made anv stipulation with the government they are coin ? t ' o strengthen and adorn with their powers of do . quenuB ; not one questiou as to whether they are going to carry out principles in the government wluoh their constituency sent them to advocate out tlu-y hand them over at once to the government and say « Well , tak 0 them ; we are very glad that > ou condescend to make use of our members : make what use you like of them , and take them to your own muiisterial and party purposes . " Now , what riiriit have constituencies who net so ever to complain that the members of the House of Commons , ot the Liberal paity , the independent party , or the u * aical party if you please—what right have they O complain if tliat party accomplish nothing in chc House of Commons ? Mr . Cobden then spT-kc 01 t le Whig ! ii \ d Tory ministerial failure of l ; . st .,, ,,: rr ^~^^ r- ^

      session and of the special fling at the Radical party-- " Ah ! but the Queen never sent for your »» « i lwtl taken 8 C 0 ek of the niun wh » *>« nil othcial situations , and he was not going to tell them that he could not fill office as well n 8 any of them , but he lml no desire , no taste lor \ t . The hon . gentleman proceeded to s . iy uy retaining those men in our ranks that are now draughted off by tho Whigs to become Attorneysueneral or Solicitors-General or Masters of thu tolls , or anything you please—Lords of the Treasury or Secretaries of S ; ate—inste-ul of draughting on these men from our ranks and taking them into

      tue wing government , wo shall keep thorn on our punelios , and we shall very soon havo a party—; i party comprising so many men of talent and having such an amount of influence at our backs bv the constituencies they represent—honest , firm , ' independent constituencies , who won ' t allow- them-8 elvcs to be made merchandise of for the aggrandisement of any individual—that vva shall stand in a commanding position to say to the government XOti must send for us to c . u-ry theve principles out . ( Cheers . ) Is ow , I want the constituencies of this country—those to whom I have alludedto follow the example of Manchester and Rochd ; ile , and have sufficient self-respect not no n ) W their

      representatives to join any government that is not going to carry out their principles . Let us look at any ono of the clauses of this new reform—the ballot , for instance , in every constituonoy to which 1 allude the Liberal party are more readily uuauiraous for the ballot ; let erery constituency that is free resolve that whenever another election comes they will not allow any member to join tho government without stipulating for tbe ballot —( cheers )—or one of these measures of reform . The hon . member concluded by warning his audience that there were other questions in the nexi parliament likely to command attention besides the new Reform Bill ; and particularly tho attempt they were in danger of , and which was being dexteriously made by tlio landowners to compensate themselves for the repeal of tho corn laws , lie thought there was great danger in ivir . Disraeli ' s scheme for taking

      cne taxes ott the people who formerly received the bread tax , and putting them ou the shoulders of these who got it taken off . Last session he got within fourteen or fifteen of a . majority in the ilouse of Commons for transferring the taxes from the holders of land to those who were landless and live by their industry . The only way to prevent this injustice was by the people who were to pay the taxes arming themselves with political power to protect themselves . ( Cheers . ) That scheme was one which had not only largo support on Mr . Disraeli ' s side of the house , but in the hearts of many on tho other sido of it , and \ inle 9 s a hai'd fi » hfc were made against it , and moans taken to recast our electoral system , so as to put more power in the hands of the people , they would probably have an alteration in the taxes of the country uot , very much to their in terest , ( The hon . member tat down amid much cheering . )

      Mr . Thomas Livesky afterwards responded to the toast of" The liberal electors ; " and the proceedings soon afterwards closed .

      Untitled Article

      A NARRATIVE BY A MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY . Tbe following narrative of the aveais which accompanied the dissolution of the National Assembly of France u from the pen of a member of that body , whose name , in the present state of lhat country , it is of course impossible to disclosPi We are ind « b : ei ) to die columns of the " Times " for the extracts which we makp . The writer , after rlen ) ing Sons . | ip . rte ' s assertion , viz ., "That hfl had only anticipated the hostile measures of the Assembly , by referring to all its conciliatory acls as a proof of vheiv friendly disposition towards him , * says , with reference to the acts of the 2 nd December :

      " When the representatives of the people learned , on waking that morning , that several of their col-Uftgaea wer& arrested , they ran to the Assembly The doors were guarded by the Chasseurs de Vincennes , a corps of troops recently returned from iUrico , and long accustomed to the violences oi Al ferine dominion f who , moreover , were stimulated hy a donation of five francs distributed to every soldier who was in Paris that day . The representatives nevertheless presented themselves to go in , having at their head one of their Vice-Presidents , M . Daru , This gentleman was violently struck )> y the . soldiers , and the representatives who accompanied him were driven back at the point of the bayonet . Three of them , M . de Talhout-t , Eticnnf , and Diipcae were sli ghtly wounded . Severnl others had their clothes pierced . Such was the commencement .

      '' Driven from the doors of the Assembly , the deputies retired to the Maine of the 10 th arrondisse ment . They were already assembled to the number of about 300 , when the troops arrived , blocked up the a pproaches , and prevented a greater mimber of representatives from entering the apartment , though no one was at that time prevented from leaving it . Who , then , were these representatives assembled at the Mairie of the 10 ; h arrondissement , and what did they do there ? Every sUadeof opi .

      nion was represented in this extemporaneous Assembly . But eight-tenths of its members belong to the different Conservative parties which had . constituted the majoritr . This Assembly was presided ovsr by two of its Vice-Presidents , il . Vitet mid M . Benoist d'Azy . M . Darn was arrested in his own house ; the fourth Vice-President , the illustrious General Gedeau , had been seized that moruing in his bed and handci'ifed like a robber . As for the President , M . Dupiu , he was absent , which surprised no ' one , as his cowardice was known . Besides its

      Vice-Presidpnts , the Assembly was accompanied hy its secretaries , its usherg , and even its shorthand writer , who will preserve for posterity the records of this last and memorable sitting . The Assembly , thus conscituted , began by voting a decree in the following ter * 5 : — " ' In pursuance of article sixty-eight of the Constitution—viz ., the President of the Republic , the Ministers , the agents , and depositaries of public authority are responsible , each in what concerns themselves respectively , for all the acts of the government and the administration—any measure by which the President of the Republic dissolves the National Assembly , prorogues it , oi places obstacles in tbe exercise of its powers , is a crime of high treason . ' '" And seeing thai ; the National Assembly is prevented by violence from exercising its powers , it decrees as follows , viz .:

      —"' Louis Napoleon fiampartG is deprived of all authority as President of the Jlepullie . The citizens are enjoined to withhold their obedience . The Executive power has i > as 3 crt in ft > U right to the National Assembly . The Judges of the High Court of Justice arc enjoined to meet immediately , under pain of forfeiture , to proceed to the judgment of the President and his accomplices ; consequently nil the officers and functionaries of power and of public authority are bound to obey all requisitions made in the name of the National Assembly , under pain of forfeiture and of high treason , " ' Done and decreed unanimously in public ait tin ? , this 2 nd day of December , 1 S 51 .

      ( Signed ) " ' Benoist D'Azr , President . " ' \ itbt ' , Vice-President . ::: ? ,= ;} *—' " To this document was appended the signatures of 230 representative ? . " After having voted this first decree , another was unanimously passed , naming General Oudinot commander of tlie publio forces , awl M . Tamisiw was joined with him as chief of the staff . The choice of thesu two officers from distinct shades of political opinion showed that the Assembly was animated by ono common spirit ,

      » The decrees had scarcely been signed by all the members present , and deposited in ; i place of safety , when a , band of soldiers , headed by their officers , sword in hand , appeared at the doov , without , however , daring to enter the apartment . The . Assembly awaited them imperfect silence . The President alone raised his voice , read the decrees which had just been passed to tho soldiers , and ordered them to retire . The poor fellows , ashamed of the part they were compelled to play , hesitated . The officers , nale and undecided , declared they should go for further orders . They retired , contenting themselves with blockading tho passages leading to tho apartment . The Assembly , not being able to go out , ordered the windows to bo opened , and caused tho decree a to be read to tho people find the troops in the street below , especially tho decree which , in pursuance of the 6 Sbli article of the constitution , pronounced the deposition and impeachment of Louis Napoleon .

      " Soon , however , tho soldiers reappeared at the door , preceded this time by two f ' ommissaircs de Police . These men entered the room , ami , auu'l the unbroken silence aad total immobility of the Assembly , summoned the representative : ! to disperse . The President ordered them to retire themselves . One of the Gotnmissaircs was agitated , and faltered ; the other broke out in invectives . The President said to bitn , ' Sir , wo fire here tho lawful authority , and sole representatives of law and of right . We know that we cannot oppose to you

      material force , but we will only leave this chamber under cotistritint . Wo will not disperse . Saizeu » , and convey us to prison . ' 'All , all , ' exclaimed tlte members of the Assembly . After much hesitation , the Commissaires de Police decided to act . Th' -y caused tho two Presidents tobeseized by the collar . The whole body then rose , and , arm-in-arm , twoand-two , they followed the Presidents , who wore led off . In this order wo reached the street , aud were marched across tho city , without knovving whither we were going .

      "Care had been taken to circulate a report among the crowd and tho troops that a meeting of Socialist ami Republican deputies had been arrested . But when the people behuld among those who were thus dragged through the mud ot Paris ou foot , like a gang of malefactors , men the most illustrious by their talents and their virtues , cx-MinUtcrs , ex-Ambassadors , Generals , Admirals , great orators , gruafc writers , surrounded by tlio bayonou of the line , a shout was raised , Vive I'Assemblee Rationale . ' The representatives wi-re attended by t ! u sa stiouts until they reached the barracks of tho Quai d ' Orsay , where they wore shut up . Night was coming or ; , and it was wet aud cold . Yet the Assembly was left two hours in tbe open air , as if lliu Government did not deign to remember its existence . The

      repv&seut&hves here made their last roll-can m presence of their shorthand-writer , who had followed them . The number present was 21 S , to whom were added about twenty more in the course of the evening , consisting of members who had voluntarily caused themselves to be nrrested . Almost all the men known to France and to Europe who formed the majority of the Legislative Assembly were gathered together in this place . Fow were wanting , except tho 3 e who , like Al . Molo , had not been suffered to reach their colleagues . There were present , among others , the Duke de Broglio , who had come , though ill ; the father of the house , the venerable Keratry , whose physical strength was inferior to his moral courage , and whom it was necessary to seat on a straw chair in the barrackyard ; and many other well-known names .

      " When two liours had elapsed this assemblage was driven into barrack-rooms upstairs , where most of them spent the ni ^ lit , without fire , and almost without food , stretched upon the boards . It only remained to carry off to prison these honourable men , gu'lty of no crime but the defence of the laws Of their country . For this purpose tjhe most distressing and ignominious means were selected . The cellular vana in which forcats are con . veyed to the bagne were brought up . In these vehicles wero shut up tho men who had served and honoured their country , and they were conveyed like threo bands of criminals , some to the fortress of Mont Yalerien , some to tlie Prison Maza 9 in Paris , and Iho remainder to Vincennes . The indignation of the public compelled the Government two days afterwards to release the greater number of them , some are still in confinement , unable to obtain either their liberty or their trial ,

      " The treatment inflicted on the Generals atrested in the morning of the 2 nd December was still moro disgraceful . Cavaignac , Lamoriciore , Bedeau , Obangarnier— tho conqueror * of Africa , were shut up in these infamous sellular Tans , which are always inconvenient , and become almost intolerable on a lengthened journey . In this manner they were conveyed to Ham—that is , they were made to perform upwards of » d&y ' s journey , Cayiignae , who tad saved P « iU aud . Frawra in the days oi

      Untitled Article

      Juno—Cavaignae . the competitor of Ioui 8 Napoleon at tho list elections , shut up for a day and a night in toe coll of a felon ! I leave it to every honest man and overy generous heart to comment on such facts . C : m it he that i « di » nirios which surpass tbe notions of tho King of Naples find a defender in England ? No ; England knows but a smail portion of wlv , \ t ia taking place . I appeal to V * letter judgment when these facts are known to Ui

      "A day or two ago one of this Commission , M . Joseph Perior , driven to desperation by this esceaa of tyranny , rushed into the street to strike out his own name with his own hands from tho public placards , rafting the passers by to witness that it had been placed there by a lie . "Letus now see the condition of personal liberty . A . decree of th « new Power wives the Prefects the right to ai'l'OSt , in tbeil- respective departments , whomsoever they pluase ; and the Prefects , in their turn , soi'd blank warrants of arrests , which are literally lettres de cachet , to the sous-prefets under their orders . The Provisional Government of the Iiopublic never went so far . Hainan lifa is as little respected as human liberty . 1 know tli : it war has its dreadful necessities , but the distarbnn es which hnve recently occurred

      in l \ ins have been put down with a barb .- - rity unprecedented in our civil contests ; and when we remember that this torrent of b ' ood has been shed to consummate the violation of ' all laws , wo cannot but think that sooner or later it will fall back upon tho heads of those who shed it . As for the appeal to the people , to which Louis Napoleon aUeets to sul > mit his claim . " , never was » more odious mockery offorcd to a nation . Thtj people is called upon to exm-ess us opinion , yet not only is public discussion suppressed , but oven , the knowledge of facts . Tlie people ia asked its opinion , but the first mensurq taken to ol > . Uin it is to establish military terrorism throughout the country , ami to threaten with deprivation every public agent who does not approve in writing what has been done .

      41 Such , Sir , is tho condition in which wo stand . Force overturning law , trampling on the liberty of tho press and the person , deriding the popular will , in whose name the government pretends to act-Prance torn from tiie alliance of free nations to b © yoked to the despotic Monarchies of tho continent , such is the result of this coup d ' etat . If the judgment of tho people of Enclatid could approve these military saturnalia , and if tho fact 9 I have related , and which I pledge myself are accurately true , did not rouse its censures , I should mourn for you and for ouvsolve ? , and for tlie sacred cause of legal liberty throughout the world ; for the public opinion of England is the grand jury of mankind ia the cause of freedom , and if its verdict were to acquit tho oppressor the oppressed would liavo no other resource but in God .

      " Ono word more , to record a fact which does honour to the magistracy of France , and which will be remembered in its annals . The army refused tosubmit to the decree of the captive Assembly impeaching tho President of the l ?« public ; but the High Court of Justice obeyed it . These fivo judges , sitting in tho midst of Paria enslaved , and ' in tho face of martial law , dared to assemble afc tho Palace of Justice and to issue process com * mencing criminal proceedings against Louis Napoleon , charged -with high treason by tho law , though , already triumphant in the streets . I subjoin thetext of this memorable edict : — 11 The High Court of Justice ,

      " ' Considering the GSth article of the constitution , considering that printed placards commencing with the words 'the President of the Republic , ' and bearing at tho end the signatures of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte and De Morny , Minister of the Interior , which placards announce , among other things , the dissolution of the National Assembly , have this day been affixed to the walls Of Paris ; that this fact of the dissolution of the As * sembly by the President would fall under the casa provided for hy the GSth article of the Constitution , and render the convocation of the High Court of Justice imperative , by tho terms of that article declares , that the High Court is constituted , and names M . Ronouard , counsellor of the Court cf Cassation , to fill tUe duties of public accuser , and to fill those of Giffier Al . Bernard , Grcflier in Chief of the Court of Cassation ; and , to proceed further in pursuance of the terms of the said 68 th article of the constitution , adjourns until to-morrow , the 3 rd of Decemder , at tlio hour of noon .

      " ' Done and deliberated in the Council Cham--bev . Present , M . Hnruouin , president , M . PatsuUo , M . Moreau , M . de la Palme , ami M . Cauchy , judges , this 2 mlday of December , 1851 . " ' " After this textual extract from the Minute 3 of the High Court of Justice there is the following entry—11 1 . A proccn-verbal statins tho arrival of a Comniissaire dc Police , who cnlled upon the High Court to separate . " ' 2 . A proees-verbal of a second sitting held on . the morrow , the 3 rd day of December ( when tho Assembly was in prison ) , at which M . llenouard accepts the functions of public prosecutor , charged to proceed against Louis Napoleon , after which the High Court living no longer iible to act , adjourned to a day to be fixed iioreiiftor . ' " With these extracts from the judicial records I terminate this communication ; << * * * , ' > ¦

      Sjjtn't Of Tfje Tyvmn.

      SjJtn ' t of tfje tyvmn .

      Untitled Article

      THE TRAITOR GEORGEY . The following details upon the present situation and mode of life of the once promising , but now properly disgraced Hungarian general are taken from a letter dated lvlageufurt , and addressed tc the " Weser Zeitung . " ' Arthur Georgoy , the former coinmander-in-chief of the Hungarian army , haB resided in Klagenfurt for these last two years without his presence having made the slightestiliffeveuce to the quiet course of events in the toivn . The man who shook first the throne of his sovereign and afterwards the revolutionary government of his country now beguiles his privacy : md loneliness with fanoiful experiments of chemistry and physics . His usual companiou is an Englishman .

      who scarcely ever stirs from his side , but with this exception ho is almost entirely estranged from society ; and the only family which ha has been known to visit , this but very rarely , is that of the cloth manufacturer , Mur , whoso acquaintance he made during h ' 18 VOSidunco at Prague , ben years ago , when , having left the 13 th Hussars , ho applied himself diligently to chemical pursuits . Even now and then a rumour is spread that Georgey is about to establish chemical works in tho town , lie suiters no lack of money , but drawa from our ( tho Austrian ) government a yearly pension of 3 , 000 florins , while the Russians have already sent him 00 , 000 roubles , in two instalments , tlio first of 20 , 000 , anil the second of 4 Q , < 30 Q v « uto « s ; so at least say those who

      pass for the initiated . It is generally believed that he is commissioned by the government with the preparation of a military history of the Hungarian war , as several imperial officers qualified to assist him in such a work l . ave latterly taken up their residence here , and visit him very frequently , to whom , also , he dictates by tho hour . Ilia wife , a handsome woman , was formerly a governess at Prague ; he married her in a lit of vexation , on account of a slight he met , from her mistress to fflioin do was pitying his addresses . His household is placed on the simplest footing , lie keeps a cook , a iiurse , and a man servant , a Slovack , formerly a Ilonved , who was his servant during the war . Among tho common people his appearance : awakens rather aversion than sympathy ; indeed it is said that tliTee several attempts have been mado hero upon his life . However it is out seldom that he is seen , as ho will remain in the house for a mouth

      together , unless compelled by the tearful entreaties of his wife to take a walk in the precincts of the town . At such timo the young man ( he was only born in ISIS ) presents a deplorable aspect , llss sunken eyes are fixed in an unchanging stare , his cheeks are pale and fallen in , his walk his weary , and he sloops as ho goes . He usu .-illy wears a blue paletot , into tlie hinder pocketB of which his hands arc thrust . As if uneasy , ho never looks straight at any ono , nor takes tlio least notice if saluted . His whole exterior suggest * tlie uuhappy condition of a man to whom life is a . burden . Very recently his wife has presented him with a fine boy , his first child . This event , usually so welcome in families , appears to have shot no ray of joy into his troubled mind . Who should seek in this forlorn creature the hero who , three years sinco commander and die . a tor of Hungary , dispensed the destinies of thirteen millions of men 9

      Untitled Article

      : -s * s- The Pbister ' s Athene km . —Miss ( J ' yn ( late of Sadler ' s 'Well Tueatve ) has generously proftl-red liev services to the committee of the Printer ' s Dramatic Society for a dramatic reading of Antony and Cleopatra oa this ( Saturday ) evening , in tho large room of tho Wtiittiiigton Club , Arundolstnol , Strand . . Miss Glyn having ottered her valuable services gratuitously , and the Whittington Club having allowed the wso of their splendid voom at , an extremely moderate charge , it is hoped the trade and friends of the Atbenffium will respond to this generosity in an equally handsome manner .

      KkwCosvictSktilksikm , —l'lio project ot establishing a new convict settlement at New Caledonia , iii the Southern Archipelago , has for some time occupied the attention of her Majesty's government , and active steps for the purpose are at this moment under consideration . The island is described by those wi o have visited it in whaling ships , as presenting resources of a most valuable character , teeming with vegetation , and abounding in varieties of timber of the best description , suitable alike for ship building and other useful purposes , whilst the climate is at the same time , Siid 10 be delightfully salubrious , and the harbours already known , safe and capacious . — North Britsh Daily Mail .

      Wooi ,. —Twenty years ago ( in 1830 ) the entire supply of wool from itie Cape and from . Australia amounted exactly to 2 , 000 , 000 lbs ., out of an entire supply of 32 , 305 , 000 lbs ., or to about six percent , of the whole . Ten years ago ( in 1810 ) the supply of wool / from theCape and from Australia hadincreased to 10 , 473 , 000 lbs ., out of an entire supply of 40 , 436 , 000 lbs . ; or to upwards of twenty per cent , of the whole . And last year the wool imported from the Capo and from Australia had increased to no less than the rnormous quantity of 44 . 727 , 000 lbs ., out of an entire supply of 74 , 320 , 000 lbs . ; or to sixty per cent , of the whole . But during the periods referred to a great decrease has taken place in the supplies from Spain and Germany . In 1830 the imports from those countries amounted to 27 , 714 , 000 lbs . ; in 1840 , 23 , 078 , 000 lbs . ; and in J 850 to only 9 , 000 , 000 lbs . — Parliamentary Pa-» ers 460-1850 and 557—1851 .

      , , Tub Egyptian Railway . — The authorisation of the Sultan for the construction of the Egyptian Railway waa brought to Alexandria by the Austrian packet of the 4 th instant . The works had already been commenced . Tbe railway is expected to be opened at the close of 1853 . Mr , Stephenson some days since was at Marseilles awaiting the arrival o £ ii » yatoti Xitaina to set sail for AtasflBdria ..

      ' Ijw^' 3lato Intelligence*

      ' ijw ^' 3 Lato Intelligence *

      Untitled Article

      COURT O ? EXCHEQUER . UILLKKv . SALOMONS , M . r . This wns an siction of debt to recover from tho defendant three penalties of £ 50 ( 1 . for having * i \ t and voted in the Commons House of Parliament without having taken tho oath of adjuration as required by the act of Parliament . —Mr . Sergeant Channel ! and Mr . Miieuanwa appeared for tbe plaintiff ; Sir F . Kelly , Mr . Peacock , Mr . Willis , and Mr . Goldsmid were counsel for tho defendant . —Mr . Sergeant Channel ! , in opening the plaintiff ' s ease , said that the statute upon which the present action was brought enabled any person whatever to sue for ami recover the penalty imposed upon any person who should presume to sit and vote before taking the required oaths . The plaintiff in this ease was a . clerk to a mpcetatoo firm of attorneys . The defendant was well known to the jury as having been recently elected a member of Greenwich , of tho Jewish religion , a barrister , and formerly sheriff of Kent . He believed that the oath of abjuration , upon which alone this case would turn , was framed not mereiy to guarantee that its substance should he observed , but as a means of securing the Christianity of the country , to which we arc indebted tor all the order and stability , ail tho civilization and refinement which we enjoy . It was not his purpose , however , to enter upon the policy of the law ; it was for those who objected to it to uhtain from the three branches of the legislature » legal alteration . The defendant , having beew elected a comber , presented himself at tho table of the House of Commons and claimed to be sworn upon the Old Testament r . 9 the forni most binding upon his conscience . This claim was admitted so far as concerned the oaths of allegiance and supremacy , but upon tbe clerk of the houso reading over to him . tlio onih of abjuration , tho defendant omitleil ihe concluding words , "Upon the true faith of a Christian , " and , adding the words " So help me God , " kissed the Old Testament . This not being deemed by tho house a propor taking of the Oilth , lio was required to withdraw , but before doing so ho did , to use the words of the act of parliament , pi esumo to sit and vote . Kow , he was \>\ epared to go through the nuinerou 9 act 8 of parliamwit on the subject , and . to show that there was nothing in them to exempt Jews from taking this oath in the form proscribed . —Mr . Saron Martin here interrupted tho learned sergeant , and inquired if this was r . Ot a casowhieh ought to be turned into a special verdict , and the opinion of a court of law taken upon the point . The facts could not be in question . —Sir F . Kelly aaUi that he thought that would be tho piopeic course . All the tacts had been already admitted , as there was no desire on the part of the defendant but to have the'qnestion Fairly brought before the court . —Sergeant Channellsaid that upon 113 lordships suggestion he would consent to a special verdict being taken . Ou the part of the plaintiff there was only : i desire to fully raise the question , If it were not so , he ( the learned sergeant ) would haxo been no party to the case . —Mr . Baron Martin said that it was unnecessary for him to say what his opinion upon the mutter was ; but aa one of tho most eminent lawyers of the day hud stated his opinion to be that Alderman Salomons had duly taken tho oath of abjuration , it was right that the case should be argued with a Tiew of taking it , if necessary , to the House of Lords , the highest legnl tribunal of the country . —It was then agreed that a special verdict should be drawn up upon the admissions made by tho parties , the verdict to bo settled by his lordship in case of disagieement .

      Untitled Article

      Electric Tkikoraphic Communication . — The number of telegraphic stations now open , and in connexion with the central station of tlie ^^ I ^ - ^ Telegraph Company , in Lothbury , amou ^ t ^ - ^ j-i embracing all the principal towns in tne **^^^^ g between which commercial and private ^ K ^ fe 8 ^ are transmitted , and answers ob tained 1 JOfafj ! m minutes . Of the total 226 stations , oe # S § pw | i are principal commercial stations , at vw 5 * 4 $ fr ? felwi tendance is what is called constant , tp : || £ Sff V day and night ; the length <» f the , \ m < jwf $ ^ I nication extending over 2 , 500 mH iCfm ^ Svm I progress of suBpenBion . - < P || H | 3

      Untitled Article

      December 13 , 1851 , — - Ti f " " - THE ftQftTHERN STA R 7 - ^ " 1 ?* T ~ ±± ^~

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 13, 1851, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1656/page/7/