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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st May 1852, Edition 1 of 1, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      - """^ IRELAND . ESCiPE 07 UBAOHBB . nmus , April 24 ,-The " Nation " of this day states , on . ^ athority of s priva te letter to a Dublin citiwn from ^ brother-in-law , a medical man on board a Queen a ship , . nnbirt Town , tbe following : — % i «• H M . Ship , Ilobart Town , 18 th Jnn ., 1852 . . Meaner has made his escape from this . Some say hi Mg jroSen bis parole , others say not . He » rotetot ) . jZ m agistrate of this diatriotto Bay he did not wish hi * ? Jua ext ended . Some say ha went before the letter was j ^ veied , others say he did not , but that he remained until nerson who was sent to watch him came to his house . « . came oat and asked the man whether he wanted him . He s aid ' No . ' He then went into the house , and escaped ? hrtrtJ gh * tesk way . In two hours after some more notice came to arrest him . But the bird had flown , and bo lL case stands . " ** " THE POLITICAL EX 1 LB 3 . " l number of gentlemen professing the most adverse naUtical opinions , have associated themselves together for f ? . irpo ; e of promoting a memorial to the Queen , pray-_____

      - trfor a remission of the sentence upon Mr . S . O'Brien J his com panions . The memorial , of which the follow-? ; 8 a copy , was put into circulation last week , and , in the inar ^ e of a few hours , received a good many signatures : — .. jl y it p lease your Excellency , —We , the undersigned , 3 pecitolly approach your Excellency , to entreat your pracio " clemency , as the repr .-entative of her Majesty the < Wen in Ireland , on behalf of William Smith O'Brien and Ms comj soions in penal exile . « We l e . « respectfully to represent to your Excellency r tat the s ate of the country at this time would justify the eierci * of the royal clemency towards them . <• We therefore humbly pray your Excellency to present mT prayer to her most gracious Majesty the Queen—recommend it to her Government , and sustain it with yont Exc ellency ' s powerful support . "And your memorialists will ever pray .

      "Mosck , 8 . W . Bartos , D . L . Bbssatilb , W . E . Major , Assistant-Cix » ccRnr , Barrister , Clare , J . Bonos Masset , Jobs Smtlt , Q . C . " Jons Bagwell , D . L ., C 0 SFLAGRAT 1 OSS IS THE CODSTT OP XILDARE . j ^ ast we * -k a fire , whi h originated in the carelessness of some persons engaged in the operation of turf-cutting , exten ded itself over a portion of the bog of Betagbstown , in the county of Kildare . and a smart breeze having set in , it EpTeadwithsach rapidity that shortly after nigtfallthe entire of the vast extent of bos in that locality was envejoped in one immense sheet of flame . Tbe progress of the f re , accelerated by the parched state of the heath and grasses , was more or less rapid in proportion as those subabundance

      stances presented themselves in greater or Ies 3 ; and towards the middle of the bog where those vegetable matter * , peculiar to swamps and morasses , grew in greater luxuriance , tbe flimes rushed on with frightful Violence , shooting np in massive volumes into the air , until at length the horizon for miles in extent seemed bounded by oce unbroken belt of fire . Tbe flight of the startled game and the screams of the affrighted wild fowl added a feature of peculiar wiMness to the scene ; whilst groups of people , the dark outlines of whose figures were strongly marked against the brillmui sheets of flame , seated npon tufts of swards quietly watching the course of the devouring element presented all the appearance of Indian warriors in deliberation round the council fire of their tribe . On the same day a second devastating : barniag took place on the

      bog of the Peat Company , at Cloney , near Athy , by which there was a loss of property to the amount of £ 600 . At about two o ' clock an extensive tract of bog lay before the tie * one vast spread of fl » me—a terrific , yet magnificent spectacle . The conflagration continued to rage with unabated fury until evening , when it was subdued " by tbe heavy rains which fell in thick and continuous torrents . TTeare » lad to be able to state that the company ' s works iara escaped injury , though serious fears bad been for some time entertained about them . The inhabitants of Atbyandthe constabulary , with a flre engine were early at this important point . A house belonging to a peasant was totally consumed , and several poor persons sastained heavy losses by the destruction of their turf clamps . The fire was accidental .

      CAPTUIIE OF A BIBB 03 LODGE . Dram , April 27- —The subjoined account of the captnre of a whole Ribbon Lodge , while sitting in fall conclave , in the county of Longford , is given by a correspondent of the •« Dnhlin Express " : — " On the evening of the lilh April , and soon after the races of Granard had ended for the day , Sub-inspector Hemswortb , in charge of tbe constabulary ot the Granard district , acting , we presume , on private information , proceeded to a small public-house in the town , and there found eight fellowB Bitting , with all their Ribbon papers on the table before them , the signs and pass « wordB for the previous quarter , &c .. as also two

      threatening notices of a violent character , one of them directed to a respected Protestant clergyman of the nei gh-Doartiood , the other to a farmer who had recently taken some land , while one of the party was in the act of writing a third threatening notice . The approach of some unarmed police to the house , while an armed one was placed in the immediate locality , was so discreetly managed by the police officer , Mr . Hemsworth , that the Ribbon party -was completely surprised , and resistance put oat of theques . tion . An active stipendiary magistrate , Mr . Denehy , being m attendance , the party were fatty committed , and immediately despatched to Longford gaol on four jaunting cars , with a sufficient escort , to await their trial at the next . BDRK 1 K 8 A PHTEST ' S HOUSX . Vp „ 1 - ^ " » ys :- » The house of the Her . Jlr . HeflVrman . p . p ., at C-erihan , conmy Tipperary , was Dnrot to tee ground on 8 aturday night last , the rev . gentleman himself narrowly escaping from the flames . It is not jet known who was the perpetrator of the diabolical act . "

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      THE METROPOLITAN POLICE RATE—DEPUTATION TO THE HOME OFFICE . On Saturday afternoon a deputation from the metropolitan parishes on the Middlesex side waited npon the new Secretary of State , the Right Hon . Mr . Walpole , at the Ilome-officp , for the purpose of laying before him the unjust nting with reference to the metropolitan police rate , consequent on the reassessment of the county of Middlesex ii * P ™!" *? tax returns b y the connty magistrates . Tbe deputation , who were accompanied and introduced by Sir Benjamin Hall and Lord Dudley Stuarfc , tbe members for Marylebone , were received by Mr . Secretary Walpole , :. t two o ' clock . J

      . . C . Georee , in introducing the subject , showed that m the year 1 S 47 the county of Middlesex was reassessed Dy Uie county magistrates on tbe basis of the property tax £ '* ™« h increased the assessment rrom £ 6 , 367 . 456 ro ± . 1 , < J 2 . 1 W , and as toe police rate was based on the county assessment , the parishes in Middlesex were immediately compelfed to pay an increase in the police rate of ~» , w < per annum ; whilst the counties of Surrey and , asm , witmn metropolitan police district , remained as T 2 ZT' S I - Grey ' the then Secretary of State , was appued to , and , seeing the injustice of the thing , he pro-ESfiwf ? -f- ntely bria » in a bW toreducetbepolice SvL ? j- \ tood - ln the P ° J bnt then . in consequence ofthat ndiculous and rubb / whins affair of thelOth of April . iwl , he broke faith with the public , and , in defiance of his pronme . wubdrew his bill , and atiheend or thTvL r

      " „ ™ ereU r \ eK Was a balance in the hand 9 « f «* d ? dno ? w " , ° kssasumthan £ 65 . 617 , which they « lw ? u for the P P Q 3 es of the police at all . He pro-E ° EhOff that there had been no necessity whatever SJSSS * p force > or salaries ot the prin " JaEJ'JF " 3 *?^ 111 ?*^ ^ of the P arisTl of st - james . The old watch of that parish cost £ 4 , 600 per annum , and on the introduction of the police it was raised at once to £ 5 , 000 , and now it was increased to £ 10 , 54 S . Their 2-m £ S" D "' ler local g ^ roaeot , had decreased from « 7 . 500 to £ 22 , 000 ; and yet , by the centralised principle oi . government with regard to the police , they bad been raised f

      rom £ 4 , 600 to £ 10 . 500 . He charged Sir G . Grey * lth a . direct violation of his pled ge to the people . "With all due respect , he ( Mr . Nelson ) begged to tell the Secretary of State , frankly and boldly , that tbe people of the metro-PolU were mo 3 t dissatisfied with their treatment , and that if this system of injustice was continued to be perpetrated by the present or any other government , the two millions of people would rise en masse , and demand their right of local government , even with regard to the police and all . ( Uear . hear . ) . Mr . Poland begged to state that the increased police rate in the parish of Marylebone alone was £ 4 , 600 per year , or nearly li d . in the pound . Mr . lieesm said Sir George Grey , , at the time he with-£ 9- Jift S biI 1 < admitted that a 5 d « fate g a ' » balance of * -a . W 0 , and therefore there was no excuse for keeping up the rate to give them a balance of £ 65 . 000 .

      Mr . Mcholay complained that , in a loyal , contented , and ^ M > P 5 conntrj iike Euglaud , the government had converted the police , nto an armed force . i . W a , said the old watch of Marylebone , which was on 11 v ore t ! le Committee of the House of Commons J . „ nL Police Bil 1 to be moat efficient , only cost * , \' a yew , and although they were told that the i * Mie would co-t no more , the / now found it cost them something l , K £ 24 . 000 . ( Hear / hear . ) fmai , , ^ 1 ? ^ State said as he was not yet fully ac-Rf V ^ a 11 tbe beari"Ss of tn ° subject , he was not bv thiVi g ! his faith to anything ; but it appeared that g the 3 rd and 4 th of William IV ., the police rate was 8 d . thah , ! ' > t was reduced to 6 d . in consequence of was rf , T ? bemR paid ? of the Consolidated Fund . He to a v Irons •¦* a 11 tne informition possible , and he wished Tie ™ rf ^ Wf ag the government were to agree to the ess j the deputation , * ud reduce the rate to Sd . in the

      Prov ,. ? r AM ? 0 Uld tMn Out not to b « sufficient to iju ^ f Of the V * ym Bt the ooHce . tow did the-Mr v , " l > rO ? Ose t 0 BU * e the difference ? anWer tt . "• ~ I - hardI ? tllink y ° u can calJ upon us to to aiL thato . f stion unless the government are prepared Tho c the ntana genient of the police to ourselves . Ei Im ^* ? Sa T l d 0 B > t wish to «*» e a discus-Sir r ™ erel J 3 SK for information . toin " in ? h !» 7 ' t TDatter ran oe easily set « ed . If you Pen ^ j rata ^ ? less than six P ™ ce . and put on a five-P ^ rs can if ! tlenlf y 0 U Want mOre mOne ? . «» ' « ette ntorP 0 « a e anop po . nunity of """ P thegovern-¦* ant ! i , nw : ^ omu . issioaers to make out how it is you n * EST * -, i" Hear « hear « " lausLter- ) to ^ dS I 8 ^ 11 he nonld notpledge himself l 's e »« t an i ' ? Sesslon « but he would Sive the matter * ith itat « T ? i ons attention , and endeavour to deal "Ration tueinsiiudre ,.

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      INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT . IS BE JOSEPH WILLIAM LAST . This case was further heard on Monday . The insol-Tentfcad been the printer and publisher of the "Comic Time s , " and other periodicals . Nearly all his property was taken by a Mr . Webb , under an execution , and the case was adjourned to see whether that person would pay a sura of money into court for the credi tors . He offered £ 50 , which was refused , and then he offered £ 100 , which was accepted . —Mr . Commissioner Philli ps remanded the insolvent for a weekfor the payment of the money , otherwise a judgment would be given . His honour refused to allow the insolvent to remain on bail .

      IS THE M 1 TIKR OF WILLIAM HENRI THOMPSON . This insolvent , who was described as a gentleman , was opposed by Mr . Sichols , and supported by Mr . Sargood . He had been discharged at Exeter under the act , and had subs equently obtained a final order under the Protection Act . He h ad an allowance from hi 3 father and had contracted debts . —Mr . Commissioner law though he had not profited by his former insolvencies—h ad not learnt tte lesson of keep ing oas ot uebt .

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      MONDAY , Afbil 26 . HOUSE OP L 0 RDS .-The Earl of Vbrdlam stated that the inhabitants of St . Albans had abandonediheir intention of appearing by counsel against the bill for thedisfranchigement of the borough . The bill then passed through committee , The ^ r lordships afterwards adjourned . HOUSE OP COMUOSS . —A ( treat number of petitions were presented against the Militia Bill and the Grant to Mavnooth .

      THE MILITIA BILL .-TIIE ADJOURNED DEBATE The adjourned debate on the second reading of the Militii Bill was resumed by . Mr . Mopfatt , who , assuming the question to be , whether the national defences were sufficient or not complained of a want of data as to this vital point . Where , he asked was the danger to come from ? If from France , what was it ? In oar mercantile marine , he contended , an element of po er might be found , suffioient to provide against any nos sible danger from the united navy of the world ; and if go there was no necessity for such a measure as this , which was repugnant to the feeling of the people , aud which would be vexatious and mischievous . His conviction was that no less efficient or more expensive means of defence could have been proposed than such a force as was contemplated bv this Bill . He hail not the sli ghtest doujbt that we should continue able to maintain the position we had effected LoriSBYiiouK , intending to vote for the second i ™ Hinn

      of the Bill , observed that the sense of tbe majority of the House was in favour of an addition to our national defences hut if this bill vgrei rejected , there was no chance of any * mihtia bill at all being passed . This Bill combined the u ^ u' ^ ir - 9 voluntarv and oompul « ory enlistment , and both had their opponents . Ho preferred the former and that the latter prinoiple should be altogether excluded Hn did not see how the house could incur the responsibility nf meoting this bill ; but in supporting the second reading he did so wicb the clear understanding that in the coram tee he should be at liberty to propoao amendments Major-General Reid viewed the measure with verv liHl « satisfaction , anil , if he had felt at perfect liberty to an ? upon h . s own judgment , he should record his vote tn £ it . Butas Mr . Walpole had stated that the govemK after consulting the highest military authorities , had after due deliberation , determined nponthn measure * be deferred to their superior judgment , and should , thou / hVelucKv support the Bill , which he feared would be Ineffectual for Us purpose . He considered that 15 , 000 S Z * Z wouia

      oe muen more valuable than , any number of " militia Mt ^ Elude said , he wus called upon to vote fo ? a bill ballot \ TtT ?" HUher i ° " JwTSn ^ idRJ ballot ; but this force was to be rawed by bounties in the same manner .. the rgU | ararmy-nay , theE $ waste belarsnwand . be foresaw a competition between " the tw ! forces forrecruits . He hadagreat objection to a miliUa ig W ^^^^ ^ ^ w ^ nootlMr meMVof -p 3 ffSSSKtttt ! 3 ^ tW ^ Kssa ^ SJi sar rss st ; sgrHS JW r WaraiiSiStfraajSS vutouei

      . L . IKDSAT snowed , from figured details fi ^ t * i , a regular infantry available for tho field h S HW ri ?^ t 5 K '^ , aip awAffat . is ? 3 £ ^ garrisons , would be preferable to such an taoiwSTrf * iregulararmyas Parliament would be HkehMto An ^ ti ™ 8 He noticed- ' sorae of . the objections to the S * aVd off red suggestions for its improvement . ' rea Mr . OiRDwnL thought it- was tho duty of the housa tft support the second reading of the bill . There was a Ze ral impression he observed , that the question Under < £ bato was whether the country should be again Sul 2 te ^ I to a forced conscription through the ballot , which £%$ & would be difficul t m a time of profound peace . He Ed understood from the government that it wm iluj iT j ^ ^^ ^^ iZ ^ ix ^ i ^ house that the statute 43 Georee III ohan on » ernmeni

      v migm say tnar , without a militk thocountrv was not safe , and as tho house had refused to subS 2 Toluntary enlistment for compulsory conscri ption the ? would not ask for the suspension of that statiKd the consequence would be that compulsory conscri p L would be put in operation through the ballot . Mr . Chaphn made some remarks upon the expediency of increasing facilities of communication by raifi Admiral Berkelbt cordially agreed that our national defences were not in a eatisfaotory state and proposed to repair the defect in an economical ' man-Her /^? « fflci eDt fleet of steamers . He w 3 d" ! J . gest that the bouse should vote an additional force for the navy of 4 . 000 men and 1 , 000 boys . This addition would not cost the country more than £ 200 . 000 , and would enahla them to have a fleet of thirty Bail of jJSLTFL ^ channel , none of which should be under , 900 or 1 , 000 tons burden ; and they could man in addition six steamers of a large class , thus establishing , a very formidable force . Some fifty or sixty vessels would be required for emb-irW 50 , 000 or 60 , 000 men at Oberbduffl ^ iIiMrS

      force which this country had in th ° e Channel would be required for their protection . As the case of a surprise had been put , without a declaration of war against this country , any attempt must be made by steamers , and he had shown that for such an enterprise from ninety to 100 ships of that description must be collected . He thought that if vessels bo loaded with troops and the materiel of an armyTtr ? r » w ? l £ niS T , \ any offioer ^ command of the force he ( Admiral Berkeley proposed to establish would not be fit for hI 3 position , f ho did not almost destroy the army before it reached these shores ' Captain DnscoMBE doubted the ' expediency of trusting the defence of the country to our navy , which , however efficient , was not sufficiently powerful ; and he supported the present bill on the ground of economy Mr . M . Miljjes said , the ground upon which he supported a militia force was , not because he feared an invasion , whichit would be totall y inefficient to repel , but because the position of this country with relation to foreign nowera

      was not sattnaetory , and he thought it was wise to lay tho foundation of a permanent domestic force which could act . when necessary , asa military reserve . He thought that there was noreason why the youth of the country , especially in the manufacturing districts should not bo militarily disciplined and organised , and prove as orderl y when undor aruis and afterwards as the army or the yeomanry . ( Hoar , hear ) Such discipline would , in his op inion , leave them better than it found them . ( Hear . ) There were some inconsistencies in the bill , but the principle of the bill ought not therefore to be opposed . Experience and practice would show what modifications were necessary . He shouid give his vote in favour of the second reading . ( Hear , hear 7 ) jjeksai tne

      wr . , regaraea ground alleged by Mr . Milnes for raising a militia—namel y , the state of our relations with foreign powers-as an illusion and a romance . He doubted the practicability of training and even of retaining 80 , 000 men under the provisions of . this bill , which he did not feel justified in supporting , because he opposed the principle of a militia bill , whether voluntary or compulsory . Mr . Deedes said , since it was admitted that something should be done , it would be unfortunate , if amid the oonconflict of opinions , nothing should be effected in this important matter .

      Mr . M . GmsoN objected inUmine to the form in which the bill was presented ; one clause subjected persons to the provisions of the old Militia Acts , instead of consolidating and re-enacting them , ne urged thatit should be deferred nntil the next parliament : he believed , indeed , there was no very senoua intention of proceeding with a measure calculated to create disaffection and discontent . He denied tho reasonableness of the late panic ; he lamented that Lord Palmerston should , in a time of profound peace , sanction by his example the practice of imputing secret designs to other states ; and he contrasted the noble lord ' s speech of Friday with another , in which he had denounced all antiquated national antipathies . Were there any symptoms of an increase of armed forces abroad , beyond ordinary times , which should induce us to make any ohange in bur polioy ? Ho would deal with this subject as founded on factsand

      , not wanderinto the regions of fancy , and imagine all kinds of remote and improbable contingencies . What were the facts ? The President of France had addressed a letter to the other European powers , declaring the most pacific intentions , and that he had no wish whatever to disturb existing territorial arrangements . Did the diminution of the national guard in France look like a desire to employ their regular army in other countries ? ( Hear , hear . ) There was not more than ordinary activity in the French navy . But if we adopted this regular militia force , which the late Home Secretary had very truly called an offensive force , — if we took a step which we had never taken unless we meant to set free our regular army to be sent to carry on a campaign abroad , —would not that tend to pvevent , in France and other countries , the reduction of armaments .

      whioh ifc was confidently reported would take place ? It was hinted that there would probably be a considerable reduction in the Frenoh army ; then why should we let loose all these feelings of jealousy , alarm and unfounded apprehension ? Show the people of England that this country was in danger , and he would undertake to say they would do as they had done before-that they would give the oxecutive the means of maintaining the independence of the country , and th ; it there would be no reluctance in providing the forces necessary for the safety of the country . But the people of England knew there was a danger of another kind , which had never been mentioned in these debates . Admitting that invasions and wars were possible , there was another possibility ; if they gave the executive a larger

      disposable military power than ttin circumstances of the country required , who knew what might be the tone assumed by that executive in its foreign relations ? ( Hear , hear . ) Give the executive the power of garrisoning the United Kingdom with a militia force , and who knew when ttivy felt that they had some 30 , 000 or 40 , 000 disposable soliJiera , whom they could send here or there campaigning , whether they might not assume a tone in dealing with foreign countries that might bring about the very war we were so anxious to avoid ? ( Hear , hear . ) The dnnger he thus suggested waa shown to be reasonable , because we hid taken the course of interference in former times . Acts , h ' story , and- experience showedthflt it was danyeroua to entrust the executive ot England with too large a military

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      power ; and there were no factB or experience to show that without cause , England ha < i . ever been surprised by » sudden invasion from some friendly power . ( Hear , hear ) If told , he . must bow to the . authority of distinguished men he would ask for some authority who had been decently consistent on this question . ( Uear . ) What were they told to-nijjht ? A late lord of the Admiralty said he did not want any additional military forces at all , he would make invasion impossible with an addition of 4 , 000 men and 1 . 000 boys to the naval force . ( Hear , bear . ) A gallant general near him doubted extremely whether there was any necessity for any increase of our forces . ( Hear . ) Though it mig ht be said to be presumptuous for an independent member of Parliament to form an opinion on this question of national defences , yet when great authorities

      contradicted ono another , and were disputing as to the nature of the danger they apprehended and the kind of force necessary to meet that danger , it was extremely difficult for an independent member , as he had to givo an account to his constituents , to . do otherwise than judge for himself . The noble lord ( P almerston ) said he had such confidence in the people of England that he doubted not , on the slig htest intimation that they were wanted , all , or the great majority of those who had taken the oath of allegiance , and the £ 6 bounty , would make their appearance . ( Hear , and laughter . ) He admired tho generous , confiding spirit of the noble lord —( a laugh ) but he could not quite coincide with him . If this were true , what was the use of being so particular about the Mutiny Act ? The army mi ght be allowed to go and amuse themselves for two or three months

      after they had enlisted and taken the oatb . No doubt their feelings of patriotism would bring them all back , ( dear , hear . ) But how account for a statement made by the honourable member for West Kent ,. of 800 desertions from one militia regiment ? ( Hear , hear . ) If these men would run the risk of the severe punishment of the martial law to get away from their service , wa , s it to be sup . posed that they would make their appearance when wanted ? During ten years , the deserters from the army , with all tho fearful consequences hanging over them , had been no less than 53 , 000 men . Many might enter the militia with a good resolve to come again ; but after undergoing tho tedious and vexatious process of discipline , it was very doubtful whether they would not be absent when they were wanted . To rely on their coming again was not wise . If a member of the Peace Society had said this , he would have been told he was a dreamer , a Utopian , and had too much

      & confidence in the people . ( Hear , hear . ) He doubted whether , in the manufacturing districts , they would get the bounty men . There was R ene allylemployment , and the men could earn wa « es higher than this bounty , large as it was . It would come to the ballot ; and what was that but a conscription , compulsory military service , taking young meu from the looms , workshops , and other employments , and drilling them in aome country town for a montb . Suppose a man was superintending a steam engine—would the worka be stopped wheo he went a soldiering ? He would be Burper 8 eded , and it was not certain , when ho returned from his month ' s training , that he would b « restored . ( Hear , hear . ) And what was to become of his wife and family ? Was there any provision for maintaining them while he neglected his employment to go a soldiering , or

      would they be thrown on the poor rate—an addition to the already complained of burdens upon land ? ( Hear hear . ) If this forcible military conscription were sanctioned , pressing in the navy might be justified , in order to give men a short opportunity of learning nautical practice However justifiable this might be in war , it could not be so at a time when it was said that all our forei gn relations were paoific . Kofc a single fact could be alleged as a reason for making such preparations . ( Hear , hear . ) All tHoso serving in this new militia were rendered liable to tho provisions of 42 Geo . III ., cap . 90 ; but the feelings of the country had completely changed since then . Many who were balloted might refuse to serve in the militia from strong religious feelings . The Duke of Wellington had said that persons with nice scruples about religion had no

      bHSiness in the army : but the ballot would make no discriminntion ; the lot would fall on the man who had nice sorupleB about religion just as well as on the man who was perfectly indifferent to it . ( Hear . ) How monstrous it was to reflect that the bounty men would be men who , either from loss of character or other cause , were out of employment , and that with them would be associated religiously brought up young men , Sunday school teachers , and others they would be all billeted together in some beer shop or public house . It was impossible to conceive , in the present day , after the efforts that had been made in the oauie or moral and religious education , any course of policy more utterly at variance with the feelings , or less calculated to harmonise with the desires of this country . The lot would probably fall on persons the least fitted for this military

      service ; and they were to be compelled to leave their homes , their families , and their connexions , and to be billeted in some beer shop with the refuse , perhaps , of gaols , and the worst characters in the community , who had received the bounty . ( Hear . ) Unless some better plan than this could be suggested , the measure had better be deferred . Anything more crude , moreunsuited to the present day , than these provisions of the 42 Geo . Ilf ., cap . 90 , could notbe oonceived . The publicans and beershop . keepers ought to be considered ; for he had not heard that new barraoks were to be built for this militia . Was it not a grievance that they should have these 80 , 000 men forced upon them , at great inconvenience , and be obliged to supply them with provisions at less than their cost ? In every way thei measure was _ an injustice to the publicans and liverv

      stable-keepers ; ifc was demoralising to the young men who would be taken from their employment ; and however it might be Bmted for the less advanced days of George III it was by no means adapted to the days of Queen Victoria ! ( Hear , hear . ) Iteferenoe had been made to the American militia ; but the right hon . Secretary for the Colonies was mistaken as to the militia law of that country . It was nothing but a muster of the able bodied inhabitants ; there was no ballot-practicall y no compulsion ; for no one neod £ > who could pay an inconsiderable fine-seventy-five cents . Their militia was onl y a muster for three , and not consecutive , days m the year-one in spring , one in the middle of the year , and one m autumn , so as to interfere least with the general business of the country . Any one who was earning more than he thought jfc worth while to sacrifice , t

      migh , by paying a very small fine , avoid going altogether . In the six New England States , this militia had been positively laughed out of existence , and could hardly be said t 0 , i n ^ all # Even the arm v of the U ^ d States was only 0 , 000 men , spread over that immense continent from California to Maine . A native of the United States said that though he had lived there many years , and travelled m almost all parts of the country , he had never seen a soldier in the United States' uniform , and could not tell what it was . ( Liaghter . ) He did not believe the militia there had any uniform ( Alaugb . ) He hoped this measure might be defeated , and , as he did not wish to be misunderstood , m the . present position of this oountrv , and in the present state of their relation s with foreign " states , he did not think it was necessary to add at all to our present military force , and , if it were , the last mode which he should be willing to adopt was the plan that had been suggested by her Majesty ' s government . ( Loud oheers . ) Mr . IIbrbbrt considered a militia , which Mr . Gibson

      viewed as an aggressive force , to be essentially a peace measure ; and when two successive governments called upon parliament to-affirm the prinoiple of a militia bill , he would not take upon himself the responsibility of refusing his assent . To defend , our shores from aggression our navy formed the first line ; but if that , was broken through , what were the means of resistance on shore 1 Allowing for garrisons , there would ' remain but 17 , 000 regular troops , infantry , cavalry , and horse artillery , for the protection of Great Britain . and th e Channel islands . Assuming , then , that an increase of force was required , what was the cheapest and besb kind of peaco establishment susceptible of being most speedil y raised to a war establishment , if required ? A militia had been found to answer these conditions . With regard to this bill , though there were points in which it might be materially improved , as the other alternatives were not , in his opinion , available , and he believed men might bo got as volunteers , he gave it his hearty support .

      Mr . Stanford , though he would have preferred an addition to our standing army , supported the seoond " roading of the bill , whioh was opposed by Mr . H . Berkeley upon sooi . nl and moral grounds . Sir C . Bubrkm , considered that a militia was the best force that could be organised at the present moment , and should feel it his duty to vote for this bill . Mr . Roebuck said , two points were raised in this discussion—first , was there at present any necessity at all for an increase in our defences ? and secondly , whether this was the best mode of increasing them ? He must complain of the veiled manner in whioh this question was discussed . He wanted to know what did the generally admitted necessity arise from ? When men talked together privately they came to one conclusion and by one road , There was

      only one people of whom they spoke , and only one man at whom the ; pointed . France was the nation , and the man was her president . ( Hear , hear . ) Let them hide it as much as they might they knew that an unfortunate jealousy of this country existed in the breasts of the French people . They all knew there was a feeling among tbe Prenoh people which a bad man may take advantage of , and they all said or believed that that bad man was the present ruler of France . ( No , no . ) Oh it was all very well to say so , but they said to one another in private that the present ruler of France bad arrived at his present position by breaking through all the ordinary sanctions by which men are bound , that he could only retain it by fostering the prejudices of his country ; and all knew that one of the strongest of those prejudices was the iealousv to which he

      had alluded . Tho President had a large army , and upon that army depended his power ; and he ( Mr . Itoebucls ) dared any one to deny that his popularity with that army would be immensely increased b > an invasion of Engl and . ( Hear , hear . ) Let them state the truth , or else why had there been no proposal of this kind before 1818 ? Now , supposing a man of the disposition he had described , supposing an army of 500 . 000 men within twenty miles of us , supposing a people jealous of us , and ready and capable of following out their hostile desires , supposing all this , he asked was there anything in the position of the world to make the danger more imminent than formerly ? Allusion hd be de to 1804

      a en ma , when France was ruled by a master mind , and possessed an army whose exploits had never been surpassed . But let them recollect that it was the mere accident of Villeneuve not being bold enough to cross tbe Channel that prevented Bonaparte ' B landing in England . That was a point which was hot to be dealt with lightly . There were 60 , 000 men which Bonaparte found hecoulduut on board his flotilla with facility , but he had not the Channel for twenty-four hours . If he had , he would have landed . But supposing him to contemplate the landing now steam would give him ample time for hia purpose . Gentlemen might preach peace doctrines , but was he to take no precautions against being knocked down aud robbed in the street ?

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      ( Hear , hear . ) He believed that peace was beBfc promoted by making it exceedingly dangerous for any ono to attack you . ( Hear , h'"ar . ) But some persons held different doctrines . He hid received a communication from a person who said that we ought to keep the peace , and to accept the invasion of the French , and that in about four Tears they w ould get ashamed of tbeir conduct and return airain to their own cuntry . ( " Hear , " and laughter . ) That man was at least consistent . Not so with many members of that n ° use . He wanted to know whether danger then existed , » nd , if it did . whether it was no : better to prepare lo resist its Were we not rich lieyon 1 ! imagination , and offering a t empting prey to the invader ? He had no reason to doubt « e ondnes s of human nature ; but , looking throueh hisalZ « und lhat nations r'di and tempting , but weak , had wan 7 P ! | I 1 Ccuni ^ tn the desire for plunder and power . He out -. li hoV . ee En S laa ( ' Rreat in civilisation , nnd carrying to-av m o Ul desilvs - b « t » ttbe same time prepared vm .:. ¦ VW . "emy " Pnmr , nn if vnn darn . " ( Cheer . O

      ; Z at t ^^ nence , not only to England , but twelve hour , s i ge « sbould a marauding army remain that London l ^ ' War . ) And let him suggest French armv haiu « M , y , P in Europe in whica a of FranceTMC ^ w , , of lbe P eflceful desil ™ they were checked b \ ? Lf ^ wept over Europe , until England . Of that check t cv lXV ^ - » bsf 1 f , ? ^ and there w » s not a man SL . tl " " ^ recol ! e ? t 5 on ' agre , wi . h him . ( He r , £ « ) llTh ' i ' Tl dId ? there was dnnger , alul thttKhffi b ^ tSSSJft-ft he did not agree with the noble lord the aemWf /? ' i that a militia was the hest mode . T £ h ? . S ^ ? - !? u in his opinion , first to make our own armv tndS * ° ^' available . . He believed * ehad l £ S ^ 7 XZ $

      cruiwng in me meoiterranean , and he asked what da VE « there ? It was said that Fran * * wished to makefi iff . * f lake : but what , interest | , ad England in keeping m \ S armament ? Whv , if Eng l and was in danger , was not Urn great mass of our naval force in the Channel ? ( H ? ar , hear ) Again , he wanted to know why were our colonies so governed as to require large military es-ablishmenm ? Wliea thosp two questions were answered , he wanted to know what would be the best mode of meeting immediate danger ? He believed that fighting whs like any other trade , best performed by those who were bred to it ; therefore if additional force were required , lie would prefer an increase in the regular army , ratbur than a militia . It bad been said that there was danger from a large standing army ; and France was taken as an exemplification . He was willing to take it . Ue believed that the army of France represented the people ot trance and that the government of France was what the people desired ; and if the English army were similarly constituted he would have no fear of anv daneer to tke

      national liberties . The noble lord the memberfor Tiverton , seemed to think there was such a wonderful amount of virtue m mankind , that all the men who had accepted the bounty , would be found at their post whenever their services trPnnh ? Ti B u ut »» e should like to know how much of hum - j ji obsemti ° n was the sincere expression of m ^ mind , and how much was said for the sake of the effect W » ITjn Ovation wqs sure to produce . ( Hear , near . } Ue did not believe that one man in twenty in that house concurred with the noble lord , and if so what use in oflO . 000 or 12 , 000 men , which with volunteers might soon be made up to the necessary number . Again , why not Knn 8 erVI /\ e , 8 Of the rifle eol < P > wllIt 1 ' < " > ld Have given 100 , 000 men ( Hear , hear ) Those who had come forward were men wit h their own rifles , and of I hat class which could most safely be trusted . Thene with skeleton regiments might easily be enlarged to an imposing force in the event of any manifestation from France . These were his reasons for opposing the bill . He believed in the existence of daneer .

      fence ° ffWed th < S pr ° per S ° ° ¦ Mr . Waipolk said the necessity of this measure aroso not from the possibility or probability of invasion from a ?™ mWi T ntTy c' as su SS <« tett by Mr . Roebuck ,-for a militia bill was first proposed in 1840 ; it was necessary because , first the highest authorities in the army and navy thought that something oueht to be done to augment our means of defenco ; secondly , this was a duty cast upon the Government ; thirdly , it had been proved that b y the discovery of steam and its application to navigation , a » invasion was brought more easily within the range of probability , and no navy could at all times , without a sufficient force on land , repel it . Mr . Walpole reviewed the SUBgostions offered by some of the opponents of the bill , observing in particular , that the reduction of the troops in the oolomes was a measure which should be discussed upon its

      own merits ; that an increase of the standing army , while it would be distasteful to the country , would provoke other powers to augment their armies ; and that volunteers were a force upon which no permanent relianoe could b& placed . He then compared and contrasted the present bill with ' that of the late government , and showed that provision was made against the possibility of the bounty being taken by mere mercenaries . He thoug ht it was some reflection upon tho people of England to suppose that 80 , 000 men would take the bounty with the intention of , committing a frand . Having shown that there was a necessity for some measuro of this kind , and that tbe other propositions were nob near so good as this , he confided this bill to tho justice of the House ; if they rejeoted it , there might occur a case in whioh the existing act must be piit in force with all its rigour , which this bill was intended to mitigate .

      Sir D . L . Evahs said he was aware he had no right to reply , but there were some explanations which he should wish to make on other stages of the bill . ( Loud cries of ( "Divide , divide . " ) The house then divided . The numbers were—For the second reading 315 For the amendment 165—150 The bill was then read a second time and ordered to be committed on Monday next . Tbe Secretary of Bankrupt ' s-offiee Abolition Bill went through oommittee , with some amendments . T' : e Loan Societies Bill was read a third time and passed . The Highway Rates Bill and the Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Bill wore respectivel y read a second time , and were ordered to be committed on Friday . Refreshment to Voters . —Sir E . Boston moved for leave to bring in a bill to allow candidates to give refreshments to voters at county elections to a limited amount .

      Mr . TnoRSELv would duide tho house against the introduction of any such bill ; it would lead to corruption , The Master of the Rolls would , if tho house divided , divideagainst tho motion to introduce a bill with such a title as this . The refreshment system was a mode of bribing the publican and beer-shop keeper , and they would get the voters to take tickets , though the latter mi ght not care about tbe refreshment . Sir B . Hall said in the " West Rioine of Yorkshire the candidates might bo called on to pay £ 4 , 500 for this refreshment . The proposition was a monstrous one . He moved that the debate be adjourned . Mr . Anstbt seconded the motion for tbe adjournment of the debate . Mr . S . Wobtlbt remarked that a worse illustration could not have been selected b y the hon . member for Marylobone than the West Riding of Yorkshire , where , on every occasion , by agreement of both parties , refreshment tickets were issued .

      Tho motion for adjournment was withdrawn , and tho house divided on the original motion , when the numbers

      were : — For leave to bring in the bill 58 Against it 19—39 The bill was subsequently brought in and read a first time , and ordered to be read a second time . The house then ( at half-past one ) was counted out , there being only twenty-two members present .

      TUESDAY , Ami 27 . HOUSE OF LORDS .-Lord Torrisqtok presented a petition from the merchants and traders of London and Westminster , complaining of the Treasury minute with respect to the sale of coffee mixed with chicory , and entered into a statement of the reasons which rendered the rescinding of thaE minute desirable . In 1845 ohioory began to bo grown in this country ; and by a return furnished in 1847 there was shown a considerable fallinir-off in the consumption of coffee in the country . In 1847 the quantity of coffee consumed in this country was 37 , 000 , 000 lbs . From that period down to 1850 it considerably fell off ; and in 1850 the consumption only reached 31 , 000 , 000 lbs . In 1851 there was a slight increase of 1 , 500 , 000 lbs ; but that increase would be found to bo in foreign coffee ln looking at the consumption of coffee in this country , as compared with other countries , the diffprpnee was verv striking . In the

      United States , with 23 , 500 , 000 of population , there were consumed 150 , 500 , 000 lbs . o * coffee , whilst in the United Kingdom , with 27 , 500 , 000 of inhabitants , there were consumed only 32 , 000 , 000 lbs . Tbo petitioners alleged , ' , ' that no reasonable cause could be assigned for this rapid and serious diminution in the consumption of coffee , except the notorious substitution of chicory and other substances . Of chicory alone it was estimated by fair and competent parties that about 12 , 000 tons , or 26 , 880 , 000 lbs . had been oonsumed annually in recent years—and assuming that to displace a similar quantity of coffee it must intercept according to the present duties , a sum of £ 336 , 000 from the service of the state . ' The petitioners did not seek to have a duty placed on chiooi-y or coffee- ; all they sought , and all that the colonial interest required , was , that the article should be sold separately , not mixed up with another , and then sold as a spurious article . The Duke of Mostrose supported the motion

      . Ihe Earl of Derby admitted the importance of the petition , and expressed his dissent from the doctrine laid down on the subject by tho late Chancellor of the Exchequer . Though there might be some difficulty in rescinding the Treasury minute complained of , the present government would give their best endeavours to prevent tho spurious mixture of deleterious articles with coffee . The petition was ordered to lie on the table . The house then adjourned . HOUSE OF COMMONS .-A number of petitions weve presented against tho Militia Bill and the Maynooth . Grant , and for the Repeal of the Taxes on Knowledge . . In answer to a question by Mr . Caolfield respecting tho prosecution of- the editor anil publisher of the " Lundalk Democrat , "

      The Attorney-General for Ireland said the proceedings against the party in question had been instituted before he had taken office , and had been removed by ctniomri into the Court of Queen ' a Bench . Ho had considered all the documents relating to the libel , as he was of opinion that all prosecutions of the public press b y the government there should be the clearest grounds for proceeding-finding that two terms had been allowed to elapse lieioro any p roceedings « M instituted in this case-be had com to the oonoluMon , taking all the cirenmsunces imo consideration , that the prosecution mi ght , without any uetr . u . eut t *

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      EXTRAORDINARY CASE .-A PERFECT AMAZON . ELIZABSTH COSFIELD V . SUZ&BBTH PAGO , ASS IOUN COFFIELD V . 7 BE SAUK . These were actions to recover damages for a malicious prosecution . The defendant pleaded the general issue . — The two plaintiffs stood to each other in the relation o father and daushter . The defendant was the owner of a public-house called the Horse Shoe and Magpie , in Great B * th-street , Clerkenwell . The lease of tho house had been passed by Messrs . Whitbread , into whose hands it had fallen , to the elder plaintiff for tbe sum of £ 315 , of which , however , it appeared that he had only paid £ 100 . Latterly , Miss Coffield had kept the house for her father , and he had resided at Mile-end . In August Mrs . Faggput in an execution for three quarters ' rent and took possession of the

      premises , on tbe ground that the covenants of the lease bad been broken , and the premises had b ' ¦ n suffered to fall into a state of almost complete dilapidation . The defendant ' s son-in-law , Mr . Lane , a solicitor , who acted as her general agent , then sent a bui'dcr , named Ttrry , to put the place into a proper state of repair . Miss Coffield offered the most determined opposition to the bricklayers , but at last they succeeded in getting her out of the house . A short time afterwards , however , she made her way back into the house through a window ; nnd for this her father and hersplf , with Alexander Ilardy , Peter Sands , and 'William Dixon , were indicted at the sessions for a forcible entrance and detainer . They were acquitted , and the action was how brought to reoover damages . The following extraordinary statement was made by the plaintiff : —Miss Coffield :

      The distress was levied by Mr . Chase , who left a man named Solomon Worms , and afterwards a man named Scraggs in possession . The business went on as usual for about three weeks , and then Chase ordered tbe house to be closed . I always kept the key , and I have it now in my pocket . On the 8 th of December , Terry , with ten or twelve men , came to the house . I was in a bar parlour . I was cleaning the room , but Terry said there was no occasion forme to do any more , as he was going to take all the stoves and floors out of the house . He said that there would be workmen about , and that I had better give up possession . Then he took all the doors and windows out . I sent to the policeoffice for assistance . A policeman came , and said that all the parties on tbe premises had better walk quietly up to the station-house . ( A langb . ) I mean Terry and all his

      men . I had given Terry in charge . They were locked up for the night . I went back to tbe premises , where I slept , notwithstandin : that there were no windows in the house . On the following day tbe men were brought up before Mr . Come , tne magistrate , but , by tbe advice of my father ' s solicitor , I withdrew the charge , and they were ordered by the magistrate to put the sashes back again . I went back to the house , but I did not have a window put in . There were two men in the house , who followed me about night and day . There was a soup-ladle , which was almost tho only thing left in the house , and with that they were conti . nually pouring water on the walls and on me . They poured water down the chimney , and when I went np stairs they cut the staircase away , so that the only means I had of getting into the house was through the window . This was

      done by Terry and his men . On the 10 th they cut the staircase down , whilst I was in the room above , and when I told them I wanted to cotae down they abused me scandalonsly . On the 18 th of December they threw eighteen or twenty pails of water on me and U » rdy . ( Sensation . ) On the 12 th of December I went before the magistrate , and Terry was held tn bail . On the 19 th Terry and his men came again . —Mr . Baron Alderson : I suppose these men left you at night ?—Witness : Some of them stayed all night , or at least they have come at two o ' clock in the morning to see if I bad a fire , and pot it out . On the 19 th , between two and three o ' clock in the afternoon , Terry , with ten or twelve of his men , waB in the bar-parlour . Terry seized Hardy by the hair of his head and dragged him from a shutter on which he was lyfner . for there were no

      chairs in the house . Hardy was tbe potman at the time of the distress , and was left there by my father to proteot me . Hardy either fell , or jumped into the cellar for safety , ( Great Laughter . ) There were neither floors nor windows in tbe house . —Mr . Baron Alderson thought it would have been better for the plaintiff to have had recourse to the law , than to have remained , in the month of December , in « . house without windows , and to be sluiced with pails of water . —Mr . Jones said the yonng woman was a person of singular energy of character . ( A laugh . )—Mr . Baron Aiderson : She is , indeed f she'd make a very good militiaman . ( Laughter . )—She tm bivouacked already . ( Renewed laughtei * . )—W tneBS : There was ayoung man in the house named G llson , who had beard on the day before that Terry was coming again , and had stayed to protect me . They threw

      him out of the window . ( A laugh . ) They told me to go out . I said I would not . Terry struck mo on the Bide of the head , and knocked me down . After he had kn . eked me about mo 3 t scandalously , he took hold of me , and with the assistance of his men , he seated me on the windowledge . He hurt me very much , nnd I had afterwards to go to a surgeon about it . When he had put me on the window-sill , Terry nailed a board across me . He did not wait to set me ouN My body was out of the window , but my feet were inside the room . 1 believe I was insensible . I believe that the persons outside pushed the door down , and Terry with his men were obliged to retreat . If they had not , I believe they would have come very sadly off . There were about two hundred persons present , and they cried shame on Terry . I was taken to a neighbour ' s house . I believe a policeman helped me . I afterwards returned

      to the house and was helped in again through a window . Did not leave the house until February , when I was ajected by a legal process . My father was not present at all . The men sail they would pull the house down over my bead , and I said I would stay while there was one brick left upon another . ( A laugh . )—Mr . Humfrey addressed the fury for the defendant . The plaintiff had broken every single covenant in his lease ; the houses were tumbling down ( one had actually fallen ); and he had neglected to insure them or to pay the taxes . Mr . Fdgg had obtained lawful possession of the premises , but Miss Coffield had raised the neighbourhood , and had forcibly turned out tbe work men . —Evidence was then called for defendant—after much wrangling on i he part of the lawyers , the judge summed up , and the jurv . after an absence from the court of three hours and a half , returned with a verdict for the plaintiffs—damages £ 164 4 s . lOd . 6

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      LAW INTELLIGENCE . IMPORTANT DECI SION-POISONING IN SUFFOLK . THK O . UEBN v . BALURT . In this case the prisoner had been indicted at the last assizes for the county of Suffolk , for administering poison to his wife with intent to murder her . At tho trial , a police constable was called , who stated that he went to the ° J l 80 ne . house , and stated the offence with which ho was cnar ^ d . The prisoner made no reply , bnt sat with his ricebnried m bis handkerchief , apparently crying . The police officer said . " You need not say anything to criminate yourself . What you do say will be taken down , and used as evidence against you . " It was objected , on the part of the prisoner , that what < he had said was not admissable . lord Campbellbefore whom the case was tried

      , , said , that although tbe caution of the police officer diffrmi from that directed by 11 and 12 Victoria , cap . 42 , see . 18 , tobegivenby the magistrates to tho prisoner , in the . word " will" instead of " may , " it did not amount to any promise or threat to induce the prisoner to confess , that it would have no tendency to induce him to say anything untrue , and that , in spite of it , if he did afterwards confess , the confession must be considered voluntary . The learned judge , therefore , allowed the witness to give in evidence what the prisoner- then said , which amounted to the confession of his guilt . Several of the learned judges having entertained doubtl whether a confession , after such a caution , Dliffht lawfully be given in evidence , the learned jud ^ e who tried the cause , reserved the question for the court . The prisoner was convicted , and sentenced to death . —Mr .

      Mills appeared on behalf of the prisoner , and said that the question was , whether these words held out to the prisnm r an assurance of advantage to himself of a worldly kind if he confessed . If he did , the statement was inadmissible . —The court said , the law kindly presumed that , but it was considered dangerous to trust a jury with the evidence so obtained , and therefore it was better the evidence should be excluded . —Mr . Mills , in continuation , said , that after what the police offioer had said , the statement of the prisoner ought not to have been admitted in evidence against him . The words imported an advantage ; they were taken by the prisoner to be words of comfort . —Mr . Power appeared for the prosecution , hut the court proceeded at once to deliver judgment . —The Lord Chief Baron said : —lam of opinion that the conviction is right , and that the evidence w- s properly received . I consider the grounds of not receiving ' such evidence not to be those stated by the learned counsel , that there is a presumption of law one way or the other .

      The ground for not receiving such evidence is , that it would not be safe to receive a statement made under any influence of hope or fear ; there is no presumption of law that it is false , or that the law considers such statement cannot be relied upon . Simply cautioning the accused to tell the truth , if he aays anything , had been decided not to be sufficient to prevent the statement made from being given in evidence ; and , although it may be put that when a prisoner is told to tell the truth , that he may possibly understand that the only thing true is that he is guilty , that h , not what he oueht to understand ; but he is reminded that he need not say anything , but if he says anything , let it be true—it has been decided that that would not prevent the statement from being received in evidence , when the admonition to speak the truth has been coupled with any expression importing that it would be better to do so . —Mr . Baron Parke , Mr . JasticeErle , Mr . Justice Williams , and Lord Campbell said they agreed with the opinion of the Lord Chief Boron . —The conviction was accordinglyaffirmed .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 1, 1852, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1676/page/7/