On this page
- Departments (4)
-
Text (15)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
^— OUR }3fjtfmtM*ttfc portrait Galltfg.
-
ILittrarfi @tttfo8ittc&
-
fHritfttgg.from fhutd).
-
^ ^ — i ^—^M fttisttUattcmts,
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
General Sowinski . cjowinski ( Joseph ) , born in Warsaw about the year -Sh aving had an innate bent towards a military 1 ( { i Stered-after the ultimate partition of his ^^ r ( 1706 ) , ia ^ fanlfc of a national army-the fS service , where he served with great distmc-? both as a theoretically and practically accom-*? tU artillery officer , and an intrepid soldier , in a rSrv of boree artillery , and was decorated with the ££ n military order , ¦ Sour UuicriteS whxch m
j , n 5 fidavs at least , was most spanugiy ousrowea . ? " el / TTus a portion of his country , under the " « me of the Grand'Duchy of Warsaw , restored , and national army organised , when the patriot Sowinski , Ger many difficulties and much delay , obtained at f tt the soug ht for resignation , and haBtened to enter jj ^ n ationaf ranks as captain in a battery of liors * e rtillcry . He was soon promoted to the rank of H ' -inr and at the beginning of the Prussian cam-B » y '_ . i ^_ a j e x he commander of two
aitra of 1812 , was appointed batteries of artillery . In this campaign he was decorated—in reward for his skill and gallantry—with tba Polish military order , and that of the Legion of Hoaour . In the battle of Mozaisk he lost his right Je" bv a cannon ball . After having been operated upon , and obliged to remain in a hospital , he fell into the hands of the Muscovite army as prisoner of war . iVhen , in 1815 , the so-called Kingdom of Poland was Batched np by the congress of Vienna , and a new
Polish army organised , Sowinaki returned irom itus-£ ia , and was at once appointed director of the Arsenal of Construction , and afterwards director general of the materiel of Artillery , with the rank of lieutenant colonel . In 1821 , when a school for edueating officers of artillery and engineers was established , Sowinski was intrusted with its command . He was soon promoted to the rank of full colonel , and decorated by the Emperor of Russia with the at . Ann order of the 3 rd class with diamonds , as a recognition of his able and moBfc satisfactory guidance of the above-mentioned school , which latter decoration he however cast aside , when afterwards he was not compelled to hear it .
" When , in 1830 , the Polish revolution , and , in 1831 , the war for national liberty and independence against Prussian oppression broke out , all the pup ils entered the ranks of the army , and consequently the school was shut up . Oar patriotic veteran , though supported only by one leg , unhesitatingly offered himself to participate in the active Bervice . He accordingly , after having been promoted to the rank of major general , was entrusted with the command of the redoubt of Wola , being the key to the first line of detached fortifications aronnd "Warsaw . But alas ! owing to the treachery of the Polish' Gorgey , ' viz ., General Krokowictsko ^ then generalissimo , and at the same time President of the Government , the redoubt ,
being neitiier sufficiently garrisoned with troops , nor armed with the indispensable number of pieceB of ordnance ( for , instead of twenty-five , only ten were placed on its ramparts ) , was earned by the Russians on the first day of their attack npon Warsaw , viz ., the Gth September , 1831 . At sun-rise the storming columns of the Kussians , amounting to about 13 , 000 men , supported by a hundred gong , began the assault on the redoubt , and
were thrice repulsed with considerable loss of life ; tntinthis storm three pieces of ordnance were dismounted , so that only seven remained ; and the commander of artillery and a great number of artillerymen were slain . Sowinski was then obliged to perform , besides hi 3 duty of Commander-in-Chief , those of surveying the artillery , nay , of pointing the guns ; and when two more officers of artillery , and many men were killed , the artillery fire entirely ceased . From this moment the Russian columns for
the fourth time approached , and their riflemen , sustained by the fire of a formidably artillery , entered the ditch , which was not even quite completed . The bloody contest had now lasted two hours , and the enemy twice escaladed the rampartg , and was twice repulsed into the ditch . At last , at nine o ' clock a . m ., when the ranka of the defenders were sadly thinned , the enemy , emboldened by the weak resistance , again escaladed the ramparts , and now a frightful struggle with the bayonet ensued ; but the handful of defenders , reducedjfrom 1 , 600 to less than 900 , was obliged to yield , after a fight of three hours , to the superiority of twelve to one . It was already noon , when General Sowinski hearing a strong cannonade and musketry fire near the metropolis , thus addressed the garrison : —' Behold ! our brethren struggle for onr rescue . Let ns make a new effort 1 ' Meanwhile
Sowinski , always at the guns of the main battery , though all the artillery-men were killed , employed those of the infantry to provide him with ammunition , and succeeded to sustain for some time the artiller y fire from one gun , loading , pointing , and firing it himself entirely unaided . " When at last the Russians began to enter the interior of the redoubt , Sowinski , with a musket in his hand , and followed by the infantry soldiers , endeavoured to repulse the enemy , but overwhelmed and surrounded by the Russians , when invited by one of their officers to butrender , was stabbed to death by them , upon discharging his musket at the Russian officer and killing him , saying , * Such is the way of surrender for a true Pole fighting for his fatherland and liberty . *
Soon after three o'clock p . m ., all tumult ceased , and a grave-like calm followed , only interrupted now and then by the throat-rattle of the dying men . The sanguinary struggle had lasted upwards of eight entire hours . Thus fell the Polish patriot , who , during the eight last hours of his life , displayed the greatest heroism , and an unprecedented activity , almost supernatural for a man deprived of a leg , which he , nineteen years before , on the same day of the month , lost at Mozaisk and Russia , and who can with justice be reckoned among the martyrs for national freedom and independence , of whom his martyr-nation has many hecatombs to produce .
Sowinski was a handsome man . His face , one of the finest , exhibited the nobleness of his soul . He was fi ^ e feet nine incheB in height , well proportioned , bis limbs symetrical . His complexion was healthy ; his hairs originally black , became silver-white from the -2 nd year of his age . He was charitable , benevolent , and just towards everybody . His superiors paid him the greatest reBpect , and his inferiors loved him like a father . His amiability in private life gained him the hearts of all those who knew him ; to be in his society was considered a real enjoyment . He was the most amiable of husbands , and hia consort , a highly accomplished lady , who was the per .
Bonification of kindness and loveliness , contributed to render his domestic life perfectly felicitous , t Her unabated love for her husband broughtnpon her , after bis death , the most atrocious persecution on the part of the Russian government , which regarded the mere fact of her being the widow of a patriot like Sowinski as high treason , and , therefore , npon mere suspicion , or rather under the pretence of her having been in correspondence with a lady friend in exile , had her imprisoned twice in an old cloister , converted into a state prison , where ehe underwent corporal punishment Of her death we have not heard , but there can he hardly any doubt that ere this she has found tepose in the tomb .
Sowinski was a thorough Democrat , not only by ^ orde , but by deeds . Always ready to render a service to his fellow-creatures , and to assist suffering human ity ; he also became a successful magnetiser , and many a person was indebted for the recovery of his impaired health ( which no medical knowledge could restore ) to Ms mesmeric exertions , to which he devoted all the spare-time bis many occupations granted him . C . S .
Untitled Article
v ioetij , pictorial representations , and even historical works , wsenpthe of the events of 1830 andlS 31 , have made SoninsM Jj-Seat before the enemy into a church which -was encompaased in jjje redouot , saying that he , there bravelyfighting , expired , close to « si steps of the « ltar . This is not true , for he fell , as we have said , r *™ very spot where his presence was the most needed—namely , ™ the ramparts . The storj of hfc dying at the foot of the altar , ™ v reaa very well in rhyme , hnt for the sake of troth , and in jnaicauon of the hero ' s memory , we must deny it Death on the « nparts ofafort , thoash perhapB not so poetical , is more digni-£ l = ? i ero fi S htin 5 * ° fc" country ' s liberty than hi any hiding v * iJ m a sanctaaryCTer so kp'y * . one , too , was not inactive during the war , for she performed s ana night theserrice of a nurse in a military hospital .
Untitled Article
THE COUNTESS OF RUDOLSTADT . [ Sequel to " Consuelo . " ] Br George Saxd . « Ynt , Ovtoi IBERTT i 4 ° "n , Famwmr . -SB K SMS " * which 18 eo here " " ? h th ? r VSe th 0 » Sht sealed to humanity . " « T A « J K ° ? - ? ht e ? tlrein the fe "" of the SOsPcl ?" « t £ taXgSP that u is - But J do beliere thafc » iB
ftaft , I £ satisfied with your answer , and we accept the oath you havejust taken . Sow we are about to instruct you in your duties towards God and towards us . Learn therefore beforehafid the three words which are all the secret ofour mysteries , and which are only revealed to most ot the affiliated with so many delays and precautions , xou have no need of a long apprenticeship ; and yet you will require some reflection to understand their whole extent : Liberty , Equalitu . Fraternity ; this is the mysterious and profound formula of the words of the Invisibles . " Is that , in fact , alltbe mystery ?" It does
not seem to you to be one ; but examine the state of societies , and you will see that , to men accustomed to be governed by despotism , inequality , antagonism , it is an entire education , an entire conversion , a whole revelation , to come to understand clearly the human possibility , the social necessity , and tho moral self-denial of this triple precept : Liberty , Equality , Fraternity . The small number of upright minds and pure hearts who protest naturally against the injustice and the disorder of tyranny seize the secret doctrine at the first step . Their progress in it is rapid , for with them it is onl y requisite to teach them the processes of application which we have discovered . But for the greater number , with the people of the world , the courtiers and the powerful imagine that precaution and discretion are necessary before submitting to their examination the sacred formula of the eternal work : it is necessary to surround it with symbols and evasions ; it is
necessary to persuade them that it refers only to a fictitious liberty , confined to the exercise of individual thoug ht , of a relative equality , extended only to the members of the association , and practicable only in its secret and benevolent assemblies ; in fine , to a romantic brotherhood , agreed npon between a certain number of persons , and limited to temporary services , to some good works , to mutual , assistance . For these slaves of custon and prejudice , our mysteries are only the statutes of heroic orders , renewed from ancient chivalry , and offering no attack upon constituted power , no remedy to the miseries of the people . For them we have only Insignincant grades , degrees or frivolous science , or of hackneyed antiquity , a series of initiations , the strange rites of which amuse their curiosity without enlightening their minds . They believe they know everything , and they know nothing . " " Of what use are they ? " said Consuelo , who listened attentively .
"To protect the exercises and the freedom of labour of those who do understand and know , " replied the instructor . " This will be explained to you . Listen first to what we expect from yon . ' ' " Europe ( Germany and France especially ) is filled with secret societies , subterranean laboratories in which is being prepared a great revolution of which Germany or France will be the creator . We have the key , and we endeavour to hare the direction of all those associations / without the knowledge of the greater part of their members , and without any one of them having knowledge of our connexion with others . Although our object has not yet been attained , we have succeeded in placing our foot everywhere , and the most eminent among the different associates are with ns , and second our efforts . Vie will procure for you an admission into all those holy sanctuaries , into all those profane temples , for corruption and frivolity have also built their cities ; and in some vice and virtue labour in the same work of destruction , without the evil
understanding its association with the good . Such is the law of conspiracies . You will know the secret of the freemasons , a great brotherhood which , under the most varied forms , and with the most different ideas , labour to organise the practice , and to spread the notion of equality . You will receive all the degrees of all tho rites , though women are admitted to them only by adoption , and do not share in all the secrets of the doctrine . "We shall treat you as a mart ; no shall give you all the insignia , all the titles , all the formulas necessary for the relations which we will cause yo . to establish with the lodges and for the negotiations with them , which we will intrust to you ; and your profession , your travelling life , your talents , the fascination of your sex , your youth and beauty , your virtues , your courage , and discretion fit you for that part and give us the necessary guarantees . Like Albert we profess the precept of the divine equality of the man and the woman , but their social position has made your sex frivolous , so that it is but in few of them we can trust , and there are secrets which we shall confido to you alone .
" The other secrets of the different nations of Europe will also be opened to you by the talisman of our investiture , in order that , through whatever country you pass , you may there find an opportunity to serve us and to second our cause . You will even penetrate , if necessary , into the impure society of the ilopses , and into other mysterious retreats of the gallantry and of the incredulity of the age . You will carry there reform and the idea of a parer and better understood brotherhood . You will not be sullied in your mission by tho spectacle of the debauchery of the great any more than you have been by that of the freedom of the stage . "You will be a sister of charity to woanded souls ; we will give you , moreover , the means of destroying those associations you cannot correct . You shall act principally upon women ; your genius and your fame will open to you the
gates of palaces ; the love of Trenck and our protection have already given you the heart and the secrets of an illustrious princess . You will see closely still more powerful personages , and will make of them our auxiliaries . The means of attaining this will be the object of private communications and of an entirely special education which yon will here receive . In all the courts and in all the cities of Europe , towards ¦ which you wish to turn your steps , we will cause you to find friends , associates , brothers to second you , powerful protectors to secure you from the dangers of your enterprise . Large sums will be entrusted to you to relieve the misfortunes of our brothers and those of a 1 the unhappy , who by means of the signals of distress may invoke the assistance of our order in places where you may be . You will institute among women new secret societies ,
founded by us upon the principles ol our own , but adapted , in their forms and their compositions , to the usages and the manners of different customs and different classes . You will endeavour , as much as possible , to bring about the cordial and sincere union of the great lady and the citizen ' s wife , of the rich woman and the poor sempstress , of the virtuous matron and the ndventuous female artist . Tolerance and bevevolence , such will be the formula softened for the persons of the world of our real and austere formula : Equality , Fraternity . You see , at first sight your mission is sweet for your heart , and glorious for your life , still it is not without danger . We are powerful , but treachery may destroy our enterprise and overwhelm you in our disaster . Spandau may not be the last of your prisons , nor the rage of Frederick II . the only royal rage you
may have to encounter . Arc you prepared for all , and devoted beforehand to the martyrdom of persecution ?" " I am , ' replied ConBuelo . " We are certain o' it , and if we fear anything , it is not the weakness of your character , but the dejection of your mind . From this moment we must put you on your guard against the principal disgust attached to your mission . The lower grades of the secret societies , and especially of masonry , are almost insignificant in our eyes , and Berve us only to try the instincts and dispositions of the candidates . The greater part of the ^ e never pass those first degrees in which , as I have already said , vain ceremonies can use their frivolous curiosity . Into the following grades are admitted only persons who give us hopes , and yet these are still kept at a distance from the end ; they are examined .
they are tried , their souls are probed ; they are prepared for a more complete initiation , or they are given up to an interpretation which they could not pass without danger to the cause and to themselve 3 . That is still onl y a nursery from which we chooBB the strong plants destined to be transplanted iato the sacred forest . To the highest grades alone belong the important revelations , and it is by them you will enter upon the career . But the part of master imposed many duties , and . there ceases the charm of curiosity , the intoxication of mystery , the illusion of hope . You have no longer to learn , in the midst of enthusiasm and emotion , that law which transforms the neophyte into an apostle , the novice into a pries * tesB . You have to practise it in instructing others , and in seeking to recruit among the unclean in heart and poor in
spirit levites for the sanctuary . It 1 b there , poor Consuelo , that you will know the bitterness of hopes deceived and the hard labours of perseverance , when you shall see among bo many greedy , curious , and boasting seekers after truth , so few serious , firm and Bincere minds , so few bouIs worthy of receiving and capable of understanding it . For hundreds of children full of vanity employing the formulas of equality and affecting its appearance , you will hardly find one man penetrated with their importance and courageous in their interpretation . You will be obliged to speak to them in enigmas , and to make yourself a Bad iest in deceiving them respecting the fundamentals of the doctrine . The greater part of the princeB whom we enrol under our banner are in this situation , ana adorned with vain masonic titles which amuse their foolish pride serve
only to guarantee to us the liberty of our movements and the tolerance of the police . Some , nevertheless , are sincere , or have been so . Frederick , surnamed the Great and certainly capable of being great , was received as a free-mason before he was king , and at that time liberty spoke to his heart , equality to his reason . Still we surrounded his initiation with skilful and prudent men who did not reveal to him the secrets of the doctrine How we should have repented had they done bo ! At this moment Frederick suspects , watches , and persecutes another masonie rite which has been established at Berlin in competition with the lodge over which he presides , and other secret societies , at the head of which Prince Henry , his brother , has placed himself with ardour . And yet Prince also the abbess of
Henry , as Quedlimburg , is not , and never will bp , more than an initiate of the second degree . We know the Princes , Consuelo , and we know that we must never repose entire confidence in them or in their courtiers . Frederick s brother and sister suffer from his tyranny and curse it . They willingly conspire agahwt it , but for their own advantage , They conspire it is true , but they do not know to what a terrible work they add the support of their name , their fortune , and their credit . They imagine that they labour only to diminish the authority of their master and paralyse the encroachments of his ambition . The Pnncesi Amelia even carrries into her teal ft Wrt of republican entnusiaBm , and she is not the only crowned head ffhom a certain dream of antique grandeur
Untitled Article
philosophic revolution has agitated in these times All the little sovereigns of tyranny have learnt Fefielon ' s Telemachus by hears in their childhood , and how they are fed onMontaquied , Voltaire , and Helvetius ; but they do Jot go beyond a certain ideal of aristocratie government wisel y balanced , in which they of right are to have the nrat places . They are no more than copies , more or less obliterated , more or leS 3 exaggerated , of those models of Philosophic tyrants . But as they have not absolute power in their hands , their conduct is less shocking ; and peonle may form illusions respecting the use of that powori We do not allow ourselves to be deceived ; we permit these weaned masters , those dangerous friends , to sit up on the thrones of our symbolio temples . They think themselves the pontiffs ; they imagine they hold the king of the sacred mysteries , as formerly tbechief of the holy ' ompire fictitiously chosen grand master of tha secret tribunal was persuaded that he commanded the terrible army of the franciuriirp q
masters of his power , of his designs , and of his life . But while they believe themselves our generals , they serve us as lieutenants ; and nsver before the fatal day marked for their fall in the book of destiny , will they know that they assist us to labour against themselves . ' . " Such is the gloomy and bitter side of our work It is necessary to make a compromise with certain laws of one s peaceful conscience , on opening the soul to our holy fanaticism . Will you have that courage , youne Drieatess of pure heart and candid speech ? " y fi P ne 8 tess A ™ t V" r f ° J ? T noIon e <* froeto « ' tL « i rep \' Gon * w } ° after a moment ' s silence . ««» "i ? soru le ™ ylead me mto a series of reservations and terrors which may end in cowardice . T hare re . ceived your austere confidences ; I feel . that . T „« i . „ .
belong- to myself . Alas lyes , I confess it , I sbal often suffer from the part you impose upon me , for I have already suffered bitterly from being obliged to deceive Fredenok , that I might save my friends from danger Allow me , forthe last time—the blush of a soul virgin to all da . centum-allow me to weep for the candour of my gnoant and peaceful youth . I cannot help these regrets , but I shall know how to guard myself against tard y and nusil animous remorse I must no longer be the useless and in-Offensive child of the paet ; already have I ceased to be « o since hero Iam , placed between the necessity of conspir" > g against the oppressors of humanity , and of betraying Us deliverers . I have touohed the tree of knowledge its fruits « e bitter , but I will not oast them from mo . Kno w S ^ hPSPT - " tOrefU . 8910 » ct " wekn ° o wnat ought to be done , is a crime . "
th » fT-V ? ™ with Wi 8 dom and courage , " replied £ » « mtiatw . Wa are satisfied with you . To-morrow Seff rtSArf ; with yOur initia ^ n . Prepare o « h hi SW the d ? y for a new baPtism : for ft s ° leran sonl h « n T * taV ° n and Prayer even b confession , if your soul be not free from all personal pre-occupation . " [ Tobe Continued . J
Untitled Article
DR , ACHILLT . . ( From " Men of the Times . " ) nhiSS *^ " ? * 0 AchiIli ' i 8 an ItaIian Church Reformer , of' 11 ZL b f P ^^ en tly before the public as that pJJiJh . ? actlV 0 ° PPonent of Popery . Born of nnTi Pa h ent h as boated for «> e priesthood . He fi * uLl ¦ ^ m ? ?? habit aBd waa ordained P"e 3 t Cnn « n ? l \ £ HavinS fini 8 hed h « studies in the 2 ? « r u" ? r 7 u > a £ ^ ' was sent as letto ? th « « 1 t 0 th ? Convent of Gradi - belonging \ Lt iBT ° rdei l' . - was Crowds Wointed proim » J ™ he _ ecclesiastical seminary of that town . In U H * he was offered successively the professorshi ps at the Minerva . at the Sapienza , and at Macerata . Upon this he resigned his appointment ; but , declining the professorships , he beoame visitor of the conventB of the Dominicans , in the . Roman States and in Tuscany . At thirty years of aee , ne received , on account of his attainments , the dignity of a maestro , generally reserved as the oi-nnment nf ¦¦»(«»• .
years . At that time he was frequently requested to officiateaB preacher or confessor , by eminent dignitaries of the church ; but states , in his "Dealings with the Inquisiwon , that he had a great inward oonflict touching the doctrines and practices of Rome . These at length made his position so painful that he resolved to withdraw to Naples , and there reflect upon the course which he should adopt . Having preached tha Lent sermons for 1834 , at Monte Fiascone , he left Rome in 1835 , - and took up hia residence at Capua , where he was made prior of the monastery of Peter the Martyr . In 1839 he laid down the Dominican habit , with the permission of the Podb . and
remained m Maples , a simple priest , teaching various uoiencea and preaching . In 1841 he oame to Rome on private business , and was seized by the Inquisition ; he remained many months in its dungeons , and when he was released , 1 I- ' receiTed » in "turn for a complete renunciation of all his offices , honours , employments , and privileges , a decree of dismissal from his ecclesiastical ministry . Being now at liberty , he left Italy in October , 1842 , and entered the English dominions , where he long remained , teaching the sciences and literature . From Corfu , whither he first arrived , he published his celebrated letter to Gregory XIV . From Corfu he proceeded to Malta , and received the appointment of Professor of Divinity in the Protestant Italian College . In 1848 he visited England . In January 1849 , he proceeded to Rome ; and on the 24 th of June of that year he was married to the vouneeBfc danffhtnr nf
Captain Hely , according to the rites of the reformed Italian church . Five days afterwavds ho was seized in his own house by French soldiers , acting under the orders of the Inquisition , and carried to St . Angelo . Here he was placed in a cell just vacated by a number of thieves and in which the only furniture was a filth y mattress , and the only window a hole in the wall . He was refused communication with his friends , and everything not necessary to maintain existence . Great efforts were » t this tinxrmndo by friends in England , and especially by the members of the Evangelical Alliance , to procure his liberation ; " and the French and Papal governments were waited uponvuy a deputation which journeyed expressly from this country . But all appeared in vain . The officers of the Inqui sitionwere sent to harass him in his cell , and-he was threatened with yet severer rigours . One evening , however , two chasseurs arrived at the castle , to take Achilli to the French council of war , " to give evidence upon the trial of Signor Cernuschi . " As bo knew nothing of that
gentleman , nor the other of him , he was at first greatly in doubt what all this could mean . He accompanied the two soldiers , and passed through the streets of Rome in an open carriage . On arriving at the court-house he received the most courteous treatment from the captain of the guard , who in a few words plaoed him completely at his ease . He walked into an ante-chamber , where several military uniforms and accoutrements were lying ready . One of those he put on , the door stood open for him , and no ono opposed his departure . lie walked unrecognised down the several piazzas till he came to the Corso , where money , a pasBport , a carriage and post-horses , were in waiting for him , and in a few minutes he was beyond tho walls of Rome . He arrived at Civita Vecohia at two in the morning , and was received on board a French steamer of war , by which he proceeded to Toulon , and thence to Paris . On arriving subsequently in England , he was heartily welcomed at several public meetings held to commemorate his deliverance .
Untitled Article
THE ORIGIN OF JACQUERIE . The insurrection called la Jacquerie , of which every one h » 3 heard , but few know the meaning of the term , was named in a cruel derision . When John of France was a prisoner in England , his kingdom was horribly desolated by its nobles , who despoiled and crushed the peasantry without mercy , and when they complained to their wretched tyrants they were answered mockingly that Jacque-lonhomme must pay for all . At length , Jaeque-good-man came forward rather unexpectedly in person , a leader of the peasants who assumed the fatal name , and the peasants stung to madness , revolted , and at once pronounced condemnation on every gentleman in France . Twelve thousand of these oppressors expiated their crimes , and fell by la Jacquerie , which assumed , as its nom da guerre , the name whioh had been applied to the oppressed in derision . " no used to laugh at justice , that gay Aristocrat ! He used to scoff at mercy , but he knelt to us for that !"
THE LABI WORDS OF GREAT MEN . Hampden , the patriot , when mortally wounded , cried , " 0 , Lord , save my bleeding country . Confound and level in the dust Hwse who would roh the people of their liberty and lawful prerogative . " "With what a noble heroism Cranmer atoned for his weakness , and thrust the hand that had signed his recantation into the flames , exclaiming as he calmly contemplated it consuming in the fire , "Thithand hath offended , this umuorthy right hand . " What bitter words were those last ones wrung from the broken-hearted Wolsey ! "If I had served God as diligentl y as I have served the King , he would not have given me over in my grey hairs . " " Doctor , 1 am dying , " said Washington , " and have been duing a long time , 6 u { Iam not afraid to die . " Sir Thomas More , previous to mounting the scaffold-steps , said , " Master Lieutenant , I pray you see me safe up , and for my coming down let me shift for myself . " Sir Walter Raleigh asked for the axe , and , feeling its edge , exclaimed , "It is a sharp medicine , hut will ewe all sorrows ; " and when requested by his executioner to lie with bis head towards the east ,
replied , " No matter how the headlies so that theheart be right . " " Crown me with flowers—environ me with music , so that I may enter sweetly into that slumber wherefrmn there is no awaking , " were among the last words of Mirabeau . " Hold up my head for the gate of the people , " said daring Danton previous to laying it on the block , "it is worth looking at . " "Live well , " were the parting words of Johnson to a friend at his bed side . " Thanh God , I have done my duly , " were the last words spoken by Nelson . " Ibless the Lord that I have not deserted the righteous cause for which Isuffer , " said Sir Henry Vane . The Emperor Adrian , when dying , composed the celebrated address to his soul , translated by Pope , and known as " Pope ' s Ode . " La Mothe la Yayer had made the histories of distant countries his favourite studies , and the influence of his master-passion was so strong upon him in dying , that when Bernier , the celebrated traveller , entered the room , the dying man exclaimed , "Well , my friend , what news from the Grand Mogul ?" "Lioht , Light , morr Light , " were the last words of Goethe .
Untitled Article
A War Scene , —An offioer describes the taking of Rangoon with as much delight as if it had been a theatrical representation , instead of a soene of fearful slaughter :-" It wot a Jim tight at night—tha stockades all burning , the roar of the 8-inoh guns , the flight of shell and rockets , and the flamea and bursting of the sheila iu the distant fott formed s grand tableau worthy of a maiter band to de > scribe . "
Untitled Article
" 1 have a duty to perform , captm , " ho replied " Fire away , and do your duty , " rejoined I , wonderi ™ what duty my stalwart Yankee friend had to perform "Well , capfcin , " he continued , " you aro not at all Btarched up , as I thought all Britishers were . You wear tow breeches , and don't think more of yourself than any of us . Moreover , I see you carry a large jar the other dav and I know you have lots of dollars . Well , then it ;<> « , „ duty to ask you to take a drink . " ' " "I 8 m * "With all my heart , " returned I ; and we repaired to my friend ' s log-house . After a social glass and sundry shaking of hands , my Yankee friend told me hia history . '
HOW TO SETTLE THE KAFFIRS . A VOLUKTBBR FOR THK OAFJJ I wasonco Btrolling on the beautiful prairies and perceived m my path , a little in advance ' a ' tall gaunt Yankee . He stood erect , leaning on his rifiV watching my approach . As I never met anythine but nf « utmost civility and attention on my rambles , I went ™!! him with my usual confidence , On approaching h « ft * dressed me as follows : — 6 > u " * " Well , captin . How are you ?" "Very well , replied I , "bow does the world wag with
" I fit in Mexico , " Baid he . "I likewise fit the Injuns in Californy , and have had a good deel of experience in savaee warfare . My name is Captin Ezekiah Conclin Bruin and I think you are tho best Yankee Britisher lever seed . Now then , captin , I havea propoaalto make to the British govern ' ment ; but before I tell it you , I'll explain what made me fust think of it . When I returned from fitting the Iniuns in Californy , I read in the papers the accounts of your fitting the Injuns at the Cape of Good Hope . Well , I wanted to find out all about it , so I sent to England , by a relation of mine who is mate of a liner , for a British infantry musket with all the fixins . About six weeks ago it arrived here ' and here it is captin ( going to a corner and brineine on * -1
regulation musket ) . Well , captin , did you ever see suoh a clumsy varment in all your born days ? Now , captin look out of the doorway , do you see that biased stump ? ' It ja seven feet high , and broader than any man . It ' s exactly one hundred and fifty yards from my door . I have fired thafc olumsy varment at the Btump 'till my head ached and my Bhoulder was quite sore , and have hardl y hit it once . Now , then , captin , look ' ee here ( taking up his seven barrelled revolving rifle , and letting fly one barrel after the other ) , I guess you will find seven bullets in the biased stump , i will , however , stick seven playing cards on the stump , in different places , and if you choose will hit them , i
" You are very skilful , " I exclaimed . "There are plenty more quite as skilful as me , " he responded ; but , oaptin , let me ask you , would you fit mo with that machine , bagnet and all , against my rifle at one hundred and fifty yards ?" "Jfo , thank you , " I hastily answered , " I had rather not * "Would you like to be one of two , or three , or even nix . with bagnet fixed and all ? " urged he . "No , " I replied , " certainly not . lou would have the best chance by far . " " Now , then , coraeB my offer to the British government Will you make it to them from me ?"
"No , " replied I . "If I made the finest offer in the world to the British government , the chances are , they would not read it . If they did , they would only sneer at me , and call me officious and impertinent , and very likely put a black mark against my name . I cannot , therefore present your offer ; but I will put it in priufc , if yOn liita and the publio can judge of its merits . " ' "That ' s the very thing , captin , " returned , heinaiiani . mated voice ; " and that will stir up public opinion—at at least it would in the States , where , when once a thine is made plain , it is adopted , never mind who the reoommender might be .
" My offer to the British government is as follows : —L Ezekiah Conclin Brum , have learned by the papers , that tho last war at the Cape © f Good Hope oost ten million dollars ( two millions sterling ) to the British government and that it is likely the present war will cost qui te as much and be a protracted affair . I , Ezekiah Conclin Brum have a high opinion of the bravery of the British soldiers , but a very contemptuous opinion of their arms . J , Ezekiah Conolm Erum , will undertake to enlist fiv e thousand Yankee marksmen , eaoh armed with a seven-barrelled rewir rifle
ing , or any better weapon that may turn up , and kill or disperse all the Injuns on the British territory at the Cape of Good Hope , within six months of our landing there ; conditionally , that the survivors are paid the sum of five million dollars on the extirpation of the Iniuns . and settlement of peace ; thus saving half the expense , and great numbers of British soldiers . In course , the British government must send us over in their brass bottomed sar-BeorS baggage " a 8 y > & ™* " * *™ ™ J ° lm > lm ™ & In *^^ *^' " * " *" ' ° Oulddo « ta
fl «^ 8 ? in te ™^ ' " we should be bkal to thirty thousand troops with such tarnal , stiff , clumsy conaarns . aB them reg'lation muskets is . We should do it SS , J BJt away , " ' * 'fa "Suppose you were successful , " I rejoined , " what would you , and your Yankee marksmen do afterwards ?" "Do arterwards , " echoed he ; " why many would gp fH « in the country , and show them how to go a-head ^ 'And , " added i , turn it into a republic before long " In course that is sure to follow afore Ion ? whether wo go or stay . But I tell ' ee what it is , captain to £ here go dm Australy will bring on a republic S , white you Britishers are dreaming about it . " y Good bye . Captain Ezekiah Conclin Brum , " I exclaim , as I shook hands heartil y at parting . "I will nrinfc W V **** . -It will have the JBg , oflor& n ^ X ffl& ssass Wa ohaw « ? But by ^ SaTnntrK * " **« * **"*
Untitled Article
THE R 0 BBER-BAR 0 N-AN AUSTRIAN MYSTERY . The following extraordinary story appears in a late number of the " New York Tribune : — A great deal of ex-itemont has recently been created in the higher classes of the Austrian capita ' , by the remarkable and romautic development of numerous heavy robberies , which for years past have been committed iu and near tlie metropolis , by one or more malefactors , whose whereabouts it wbb impossible to trace out . In order to give a thorough insight into the matter , we must begin at a period when the existence of this gang waa proved bv then'actions . " Toward the close of October 1848 , during a fine and clear autumnal night , the travelling carriage of Mr . Edward C . Brooks a wealthy merchant of London , who then was on his way back ' to Vienna , from a long tour in Upper Italy and the Lombardic pro vinces , was stopped within three milea of Vienna , in the most populous part of the country . One man only presented himself at the coach window , and courteouslybut firmly demanded the
, , surrender of whatever valuables the inmates of the conveyance possessed . With Mr . Brooks there were two ladies , his wife and her younger sister , the latter of whom hai already drawn her purse , and was in the act of handing it to the highwayman , when her extended arm was fractured by a pistol shot irom Mr . Brooks , who , having perceived the movement of his sister-in-law , had from the back of the carriage quietly taken aim at the robber , with a view of answering to the impudent demand . A scene of terrific confusion then ensued . The report of the pistol brought , besides the two men who guarded the coachman and horans , three more individuals to the support of the highwayman ; the traces were cut in an instant , the coachman was lashed to his seat , and the highwaymen prepared to avenge the death of their leader , who lay ap . parently inanimate on the ground . Tho doora of the caledhe were torn open , but the spectacle which there presented itself was Buch as to make the robbera pause
before they hunched out upon the mission of revenge . Miss Perry , the wounded lady , lay in the arms of her sister , whose speechless agony proved the horror which she felt at tha occurrence . Mr . Brooks , still ignorant that he inflicted the injury , had neverthelefS abandoned all ideas of resistance , and was vainly endeavouring to stanch the blood , which flowed in torrents from the ghastly wound . For some minutes the highwaymen looked upon this mournful scene , until a low moan from their leader reminded them of the necessity of tuving h } m . that attention which his condition peremptorily called for . A few minutes Butnced to prere that he was not dangerously wounded : the bul . et , after fracturing the slender arm of Miss Perry , bad snent itself against his chest , causing : what the Germans call a Pre ! sohuss ,, and though it did not penetrate the flesh , had still force enough to break a bone or two , without any other outward sien than a small black spot on the place where the leaden meSBenger
The chief soon recovered , ana was able to ride off , while he had left his followers in charge of the carriage , giving strict orders however , not to plunder the Englishman and his family , but to eive them every assistance toT enable them to roach Vienna as early as possible , that the young lady might obtain medical aid . The orders were executed to the letter . Mr . Brook law his horses put to the carnage by his late assailants , who exhibited the most respectful heaving towardB . him , and seemed rather to wish him good than ? w « IT 'X ^ . washetakenby the conduct of the men , w ffJffft" * gave a J d , ! ani . 0 U ( 1 rin S 8 *» t ™ lue to him who »™ " " command by the chief , with orders to hand itover to his master , as a token of hia gratitude for the consideration which had been extended to the sufferinu lady . sei at
^ tf ^ T u ^ an « traordmavy sensation Vienna . W ? I p ^! r ° Wn B 50 f v actl the 8 tandin B of Mr . Brooks mi iw ?» £ « ° i result of the encounter , so far as t •? fn « mO- » , ° , « n « d . Rave sufficient interest to the matter Jf . ''"™ the standing topic for many weeks . As to the injured lady , she suffered greatly from the severe wound , but rec-w M JS 2 ? ° U 'HZ * tf , ' whioh ^ tot seemed impos . "ssstsissis ^ st minu ? e ^ -Wmtti » HlrnfZhi " i ? W ly awa y » when Renews of another SVn ? i » si P a d « s , r uh au i » onthe part ° ? 'SS ° tS £ TthuB fate fn the SZ of ww « . SS TJ « " these depredators ; and , 11 ° SSSS % SM ? ™ i !? rles ™? committed during one satittr
re ^ SfwsgSsS Austrian Empire without establishing suspicion a-ainst the seller . i'fr ^ S'JK sSsSS to a Welsh gentleman named Trewyth , arrived at Vienna with her j »« fe £ feK » S 5 £ S » £ rJMr ! Sffii £ SS 3 initials Eassess m
Untitled Article
the police no one enn tell what is tho offence which he is charged with . He had no hearing , and probably may havenone . Hig inendsmay see . him again ,, or they may not , just as . it suits the despatio will of him who rules over Austria . In spite of the precautions which are always taken in Austria to keep secret the offences of the nobility , the story in regard to Baron Pregli ' s career has leaked out . It appears tbat it is he who in connexion with several devoted gervants . has for jears past rendered the highway to Vienna insecure , as he could carry on taese depredations from his country residence without in tha
sugntest measure incurring the suspicion of tho authorities . It is a remarkable faet that the baron stood in the pay of the police—a situation which he probably coveted only for the purpose of leading any suspicions that might arise into another channel . BoS ^ ^ P ' y ^ amourcd of the beautiful Mrs . Trewyth , he Sir T S Bain her affections , and <\ t last , in a silly fit of the iSaP '' ? 4 . herJllerinB which Mr . Brooks had sent him , as pealed tn L * \ S "' B'Hvaymen , three years previously , and apthoinstra ^ n ^ becom 6 his ' 8 ince 8 he h » d once been chosen to Be the effect S S' ° 3 ave his life - So far fi < om «» s confession having judiced aBaL 5 ^ ? feelin 6 s ; ^ became all the more preho would not L ™ ;^ Proraise ( l faithfully to ke Bp the secret if near hP . fl . " ? . at . tho offensive proposals . Tres-li did not come
aid of his satel it fi 8 ' n , Y ¦ l T ; a"e . mPte ? » ca » 'y hw off by ttw country resident ' i " ' 8 men haV 6 si'ice been arrested , and at his M ™* £ ^ 2 £ Sg 8 &Sl ? " were touH al 1 of
Untitled Article
sSnJl ^^^ Macinahon , after Another Wbllisgios Stitto t S SffiW&K ^ &yBK&S ^ wa ^ -aKSSRaasar . . Extraordinary Foot Match at CALCom-ThB « jl ncauStag" whowas it appearB , chS " ffic 7 r Ofan Ime " a sSotstir hi 8 task ° ^ * s Enormous Piank . —An enormous plank baa been broushfe from Liverpool to Manchester by Canal . Its dimensions ffi £ y&it !? brcadthi 20 inohes ; and tbiokne 8 B ' tJ ?" , S ? MM , ANDER " IIf " CHIBF ' " - Lieutcnant-General Lord Frederick Fitzclarence , G . C . H ., has been sworn in as Com . mander-m-Chief of tho forcen at Bombay . 0 Ha 7 ^ ? < 5 K 9 .-The form and character of bricks Lnfl gradually lmorovflri ainnft t . hn vanonl * f + !>„ ^ -: » u t . _ . "
. Emioiumoj , io AUTTRAMA PROM LIVERPOOL . —At no we . Tious period in the history of this port has there beenao much activity displayed on both sides of the Mersey as afc the present time in the emigration trade , the ohief current w which has sot in for Australia . Jr U ^ APP 1 [ Dbbiob . -A tailor , father of eight ohildren , and sued for his debts , haa juafc hung himself at Basic , in we gateway of his creditor , to whom , by a letter found in nis garments , he has bequeathed his body in payment , in i T . ™ BIIT 3 for Laboobers . —4 bout eighty acres ftf Vw \ m and near Southampton , are now let to poor meiv Lntlw £ cultivate as vegetable gardens , not more : K ^ **? !! 1 ) em B letlooneinnii , topwentflubtottiii 6 be renters bounng menor mec&anicB are allowed to aa ? - ° ? ? l ' . 0 F inE SoKS 0 F inE CutnGT .-A oourfc of assistants of this corporation was held on Saturday laBt , tfo s pUrp 08 e of di 3 tributin g tUe Midsummer
Benefac-Jim ?!?? " ° l PjiBHAMHNr .-It is now positively amrme d that parliament will be prorogued on Thuraday . ing da ^ 8 dissolution wiU take P lace the foll <>*" mSnj * *^ " " . DW Dunm-Lord Duncan has had presented to him by Wb constituents a handsome piece ol plate for his exertions to obtain the Repeal of the Window T ™ L THIE ?? - " ~ . , *> Court of Bankruptcy , Mr . S , ?? i ained ° l S ? heavy feeB P ^ le to the Chief ¦ && '" s ? emed l » ke stopping a caravan in a great ling by S rmg merchant 8 "ho were travel-Thbi Eastern Archipelago Compan * . —An aotion was brought in the Court of Quean ' s Bench , to repeal the lettera patent granted in 1847 , for incorporating this Company . A verdiot for tho Crown was given . Europian Politics . —In a lecture on this subiect .
delivered at the Marylobone Literary Institution , Dr . Solger showed that there is no hope for the oppressed continent , except by the utter destruction of the despotic governments . He also touched upon the state of France , attributing the revolution which broke out in 1848 to the corruption in that country in the time of Louis Philippe . Tho ruling passion of Prance was military glory , and he did not augur well for her futuro liberties , so long as that feeling pervaded the groat mass of the people , The lecturer was well reoeived by an attentive audience . "No Popert ' . "—Our old friend "Lord" Winchelsea has been •« going at it" again , in an address to the Protestant Elector of Great Britain . " •' Deeds" he says ,
" and not empty worda , are what the Protestants of England demand , and I would point to a proclamation which appears in the' Gazette' of last Tuesday aa afiording us a pledge that we have how at the helm a pilot who will steer the vessel of the State by the ol < i Protestant chart . " Lodgings for tub PooR . —The Society for Improving the Condition of the Labouring Classes held its eighth annual meeting on Saturday , at the Freemasons ' -hall . Great Queenstreet , the Earl of Shaftesbury presiding . Cape Coast Cabhk Cottos Fieu > 3 . —The Manchester Commercial Association has received intelligence of tha successful result of some experiments in . cotton cultivation at Cape Coast Castle , in Africa .
Posi Office Robdert . —George Furney has been committed for trial , on a charge of stealing oash from a letter . . - Railway Collision . —Mr . Houdson lias brought an aotiqn against the Great Northern Railway Company , for tho injuries ho received by the occurrence of a collision oa that line , and haa obtained £ 50 damages . Rapid Progress op Bradford , —No less than 1 , 703 new buildings have been erected in this town during the Jasfc sixteen months . The expense of theso buildings would not be less than £ 23 S . 000 .
Untitled Article
POLITICAL HOTE AND QURRT . Note . —The Napoleon colour in Tiolet . The Query is—and one which Master Louis Napoleon would fiud it ratherjdifficult to answer—whetner the flfapoleou oath is also kept in-violet . The Kindest op Mbn . —A Sheriff ' s officer is a man who never leaves another in Distress ! CoKviscisfl . —To show how thoroughly he considers tha newspapers his servants , Louis Napoleon has just been giving several of them " warning . "
Untitled Article
TnB Nbw Crystal Palace . —Various arrangements have been already made by tho directors of the Crystal Palace Company , in conjunction with Sir Joseph Paxton , Messrs . Fox and HenderBon , and Mr . Owen Jones , and the other gentlemen engaged in the reconstruction of the edifice and in the formation of the grounds . Tho total length of the building will be 1 , 853 feet , the extreme width 3 S 4 . The new palace will undergo several modifications . It will have three transepts—two of the same size and height ns the original transept , and a central one of 130 feet span , 108 feet higher than the two smaller . The roofing of the transepts , as well as of the whole of the nave will be arched , and the ribs will be of wrought iron . The glass for the new roofs will bo all twenty-one ounceB instead of sixteen ounces per square foot . The sloping form
of the ground on which the building is to stand will be made available for the various works below tho floor lino necessary for the heating of the interior for machinery , and for the stores required in a building of a permanent oharacter . This basement story will be formed of columns and girders , with brick arches , fitted to receive the earth for tho plants above . The interior will be arranged on the following general principles . At ono end the climate and vegetation will be those of the tropics , gradually changing until at the centre transept , a temperate climate and temperate vegetation are reached , which will prevail throughout the remainder of tho building . Portions of the palaoe will be converted into quadrangles similar to the fine art or mediaeval eourts of the Exhibition . These courts will be made to repreient the manners , costumes , die , of different
countries . For instance , one court will form an Indian bazaar , with adjoining durbars and reception rooms . Here all the illustrations of Indian life will be collected in as vivid and characteristic a manner as ponible . Another quadrangle will be devoted to the illustration of China . A third will contain a reproduction of one of the courts of the Alhambra , by Mr . Jones ; and a fourth will exhibit a Pompeian house fully restored . In one of tho smaller transepts there will be Egyptian antiquities , oasts from tha celebrated reliefs illustrative of the trades of Egypt , and from the most noted statues—all coloured exactl y like tha originals , and so disposed as not to be a mere dead collection of individual objeots , but a living reproduction of Egyptian manners and things . In another part there will be presented a Nineveh palace . Steps have been
alreaoy tauen to procure coueotions of sculpture , of architecture , and of ornaments illustrating the progress of thoso arts , from their commencement to the present time Tha architectural collection will form a progressive series with whioh will be mixed the industrial arts and manufactures of the middle ages . A large Bpace will be Bet apart for geological Bpeciraina , arranged in the order of the atrata accompanied by maps , views , and sections of tho country , specimens of vegetation , &e . Modern machinery and manufactures will be largely represented in exhibitions of materials from their raw states , in every prosrentaToondition up to manufactured articles . The principal , or Viooria Fountain , in the park will play ISO feet high-that is to say , 20 feet higher than the Nelson column in Trafalgarsquare . There is every reaBon to believe that within »
the Si JBtBl PalaCe wiU be Once more op * Thb Two Full Moons op Jult . —Itisvrorthyofobaem * tion . says the "Times , " that in the month of July thera will be two full moons , on the 1 st and 31 st—a circumBUnca that has not occurred since the year 1776 , when there waa a full moon oh the 1 st and on the 30 th , and on the latter day an extraordinary eclipse of the moon visible in most parts of the inhabited world . The almanaok of this year gives us an eclipse on the firat day of July , but invisible at Greenwich . By reference to the annual register of 1776 , it will be seen that there were several earthquake ! in England and Europe , and some extraordinary falliof nin and it is believed there are people living * h 0 have not forgotten how their progenitors used to relate the remark , able occurrences of that year . Time mil eoon diBunu whether we lhali be similarly visited in the year 1852 .
^— Our }3fjtfmtm*Ttfc Portrait Galltfg.
^— OUR } 3 fjtfmtM * ttfc portrait Galltfg .
Ilittrarfi @Tttfo8ittc&
ILittrarfi @tttfo 8 ittc&
Fhritfttgg.From Fhutd).
fHritfttgg . from fhutd ) .
^ ^ — I ^—^M Fttisttuattcmts,
^ ^ — i ^—^ M fttisttUattcmts ,
Untitled Article
lenfl k * * named Saunders , was charged with fraudueon *? JfJpP reaenting himself to be , and acting as , a police-MdLnft Sannde » bad acted in the Lambeth distrior , ahk « i . transacted police business -with the force there £ r ° t > Bh he stated that he was of the P division , and two 7 " » were lately sentenced , one to three and the other to k 9 ^ . OaUl * " imprisonment on hia evidence . All this time iBl&fcd s but * ^ hwrged potman , fie gUuidi re *
Untitled Article
T ^ - 1852 ; THE STAR OF FREEDOM
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), June 26, 1852, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1684/page/3/
-