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lioiites la Curwsijoitjtenis. — A
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'it 1 K' A i**4 t *V\v rfVT -B5T V f* t> <Y feYiVs' tytjC o9l&l fli (JUtU-lIUU SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1852. ^
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tor ape who cajoled the people tack to slavery ; hut the char ™ f excess is disproved even by the writer who makes it , for o says , " True it is that the Democray v / as everywhere lenient when everywhere triumphant . " A nearer approachto ccuracy , at all events , attempts to seek it are as much needed n the part of the editor of the ' Leader " as by the editor of the Daily News /' Regretfully , hut earnestly , I appeal from the calumnies of the Leader" to the good sense of its readers and the democratic ittblic generally . That paper has insulted a noble cause and utraged a body of men who have the strongest claims upon ternal nd _ . > -. v- » sin- * f \\ £ if \ rnO l ^ ft / M ^ l * % l » _ . — " 1 _ A _ 1 _ * l .. ^ «
ur fra sympathy aprotection . The " Leader " has litnerto enjoyed the reputation of being an organ of Demoracy and Socialiisra , and to let its attacks pas ; T unquestioned ronid be to render British Democrats and Socialists as culpable lS the "Leader" itself in the eyes of the libelled and the n-onged . Criminal and dastardl y would be silence under such iremttstances . I , for one , no matter , nickname or sneer , mrtest . As an Englishman and a Republican , I Protest Ljrainst tlie mendacious , calumnious , and brutal attack of tho ^ Leader' * upon the European Revolutionists—the exiles and heir holy cause : and upon their traducer I invoke the juclo--nent of my countrymen . ' ° L'AMI DU PEUPLE .
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Letters to this Etotojj . All communications intended for publication , or notice , in the Suit of Freedom , ivmst be addressed to G . Julian Harxey 4 Brunswick Eow , Queen ' s Square , Bloomsbury , Lcmdon . * ^ * Correspondents will oblige by writing on one side only of their letter-paper ; and by forwarding their communications as early as possible in the week . Orders foe the Star of Freedom .
In consequence of new publishing arrangements , each of our Agents will oblige by henceforth giving his orders for the Star of Fre&lom through his ordinary London publisher , by whom lie is supplied with other London Newspapers . Those agents in the habit of sending cash ( or stamps ) with their orders , may have their papers from Mr . Jonx Phillip Craxtz , PuMisiier , 2 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London . No Credit can be given . The Star of f reedom will henceforth be published at No . 2 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London .
Received . —Lamb andHcald , Wakefield ; Mr . Frazer , Torquay ; J . Iteddos , Cardiff . Monies received for the Refuoees—J . de Cogan , Liverpool , Cfl . ; AV illiani ~\ Yhitehead , Braco , 2 a . European Freedom Fund . —Monies received . W . Woottan , Is . ; "William Whitehead , Braco , Is . Halifax . —We are requested to state that the sum temporarily abstracted from the pocket of the pot-house patriot by his ladyc-lovc , was £ 4 os ., and not £ 5 4 s ., as stated in the police report . James Graham , Dundee . —Many thanks for your letter ; you
Khali hear from us dv post . Progksssio , Manchester . —The poems shall have our early attention . W . WiiiTEiiEAD , Braco . —Many thanks for your letter ; you shall hear from us in a day or two . A Republican . — -Your suggestion we thoroughly agree with ; lint circumstances for the moment prevent our carrying it out as Ave would wish and mean to do . Ax old Chartist —It is impossible to find room for your communication this -vreek .
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r ^^ X - - VJm h ' iTi" I "A 1—* —* i * l—^"—^^«—t SUB-PUBLISHtKS OF THE " STAK OF FREEDOM . " XOTICE TO READERS AM > THE TKAPE . The following Booksellers and News-agents undertake to supply the London Trade with copies of the Star of Freedom : Mr . Vickers , Holywell-street , Strand . Mr . PutIuss , Compton-street , &oho . Mr . Clements , Little Pnlteney-street , Soho . Mr . ISye , Theobald ' s-road . Mr . Truelove , John-street , Fitzroy-square . Mr . Cox , Drury-lane .
Mr . Parkinson , Wilsted-street , Somers' Town . Mr Caffyn , Oxford-street , Mile End , Old Town . Mr . Mathias , 80 , Broad-street , Satcliff . Mr . Fellowes , George ' s Circus , Blackfriars-road . Mr . Harris , Blackfriars-road . Mr . Coulson , Playhouse-yard , Whitecross-street , St . Luke ' s Mr . Baker , Providence-place , Kentish Town . Mr . Steele , Clerkenwell-green . Mr . Brown , Charlotte-place , Goodge- street . Mr . Cooper , Trafalgar-road , Greenwich .
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HUSH TENANT RIGHT . Agitations and agitators have been the curse of Ireland , ^ ot that we are adverse to agitation , for we consider it to l > o the "b est , nay , the only means by which , in this country , at the present time , any great principle can be effectually impressed upon the public mind . But we entirely disapprove ° f any attempt to awaken the enthusiasm of a nation for a Measure which is destitute of a- great principle , which has in
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it nothing of really national importance . Any such attempt is a great evil , calculated to do immense injury to the people upon whidi it is practised , and to very materially retard the nation ' s real progress , inasmuch , as tho measure , even when carried , being found by no means worthy of the national enthusiasm that has been called forth , or the national efforts that have boon made to ensure its success , the people are disttom-aged , they become ashamed of agitation in any cause , and remain cold and apathetic , even in the presence of political and social principles of the most vital importance to the entire nation , and , indeed , to all the nations .
We are inclined to think that the new Tenant-right movement inaugurated at Dublin , last week , is one calculated to be injurious to the interests and to the political and social freedom of the people , both of Great Britain and of Ireland . V * c have been unable to discover , either in the Tenant Kijrht J . 'i . j of Mr . SirARMAX Crawford , or in the speeches or resolutions &t the Conference , any enunciation of a principle at alhiicriting the support of tlie ' masses of the Irish people . The following may be taken as an analyuis of the principal points of Mr . Shakman Crawford ' s Bill , according to the exposition of it , adopted by the Dublin Conference . 1 . —Protection of law to those tenants who have mado improvements on their fauns , and , by that protection , encouragement to those tenants who Lave yet made no improvements , to do so .
- •—That all such improvements shall be absolutely and exclusively the property of the tenants . o . —That as agricultural improvements are usually made by ^ thc tenant , they should ho held in law to be liis property , unless the contrary be shown . 4 .- —That no tenant shall bo evicted or his rent raised , without Ids receiving compensation for the improvements ho has made , and also for the loss consequent upon compulsory removal to another farm .
5 . — -That a tenant shall be legally entitled to sell bis interest in the farm to any solvent tenant , and that the landlord shall be bound cither to accept this purchaser , or pay to the original tenant the full value of the improvements made by 1 'im
111 Hi . * G . —That a tenant finding himself to be paying- more rent than the yearly value of his farm , without the improvements he himself has made upon it , may intimate to his landlord the rent he considers lie ought to pay , and in the event of the landlord refusing such rent , a valuation by arbitrators shall be made of the improvements , and of the land without the im provements , and if the landlord refuse to accept of such rent as the arbitrators shall fix , he shall be compelled to accept tho tenant ' s surrender , and to compensate him for the improvements he has made .
7 . —That tins decision of arbitrators shall hold good , during a period of years , say fourteen , and no question as to rent to be raised by either party during that time . 8 . —That the tenant shall not be entitled to claim compensation for any other improvements than such as are suited to his farm , such as are unsuited to his farm he may remove . it . —That a re-valuation shall be made of all farms taken during the existence of the Corn-laws , since the repeal of those laws greatly diminished the value of land , and rent should be lowered in like proportion .
10 . —That no landlord shall be allowed to evict , a tenant for a reasonable time after the passing of the Tenant Eight law , so long as he pays a fair rent , the amount of which shall also be determined by arbitrators . 11 . —That tenants shall be enabled to compound for their pi ' esent arrears by means of the same tribunals . 12 . —That in all districts where the tenant-right custom has hitherto prevailed , tenants may enforce such custom through the tribunals created bv the Tcnant-riffht
act-However beneficial to the tenant class these propositions may be , there is in them nothing of value to the nation at large , and it is . therefore that we object to this tenant-right agitation , which is purely a class one , being - brought forward as a national question . So far from this Bill of Mr . Sharmax Crawford ' s or any other scheme of tenant-right conducing to the interest of the nation at large , we believe it to be entirely the . reverse . Undoubtedly landlordism lias been Ireland ' s greatest curse ,
but will this precious scheme of the Irish agitators remove it ? We have no hopes that it will . It would certainly , were the bill passed into a law , prove very advantageous to the tenantclass , inasmuch as it would convert them into so many petty landlords ; but we have no good reason for supposing that it would end the misery of the mass of the Irish population , who are not tenant farmers , nor likely to become such . Considering the many and fresh evils which landlordism has already entailed upon Ireland , it seems a very strange remedy for her ills , to create a new and much more numerous class of
similarly irresponsible tyrants . Tenant-Right for tenants is a very fine thing , certainly , but what of the right of the peasantry—the right of the men by whose labour , ' rent and "improvements" and the wealth of landlords and tenant-farmer .- } , aspiring to be landlords , is alike produced V Vv c hoar of no " Conference , ' with its muster of M . lVs , to press their claims upon the attention of the legislature . That , however , is not so difficult to account foi ^ Thmj have no votes , they have no representatives in the legislature
to make their voices heard in the battle between landlords and tenant-formers . If they had , we might bear of a right superior to landlord-right or tenant-right , the right of every man to his share in that earth which " God has given to mankind , ' without discrimination of persons or classes . Tin s is tne only riuiit to the soil which we recognize , the right of all , and the k"j ; aiisin ^ of which right only , ought to be the object of a
national agitation . In a leading article on the Dublin Conference , mc ^ vnes savs : __» The great nuisance and difficulty iu Ireland is , that when you have shot your landlord , another starts ^ up in the shape of a son , or nephew , or mortgagee , or something of ihat sort . This makes landlord shooting after all , an unsatisfactory sport in Ireland , for a landlord is , in fact , a Hydra ; you never know when you have shot them all off . The object , then ; is to get at the root of the matter , and to extirpate land-
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lordism altogether" Precisely so , good Times That is exactly the object of those who have the freedom and the welfare of the people more at heart than mere selfish agrandisoment . But it is by no means clear that this is the object of tlw gentlemen who arc the chiefs , and constitute the directing bouy of the Irish Tenant Bight agitation . Their object rather is , as we before said , to create a new landlord class .
ihc lenant-righters seem to have some faint glimmering of the great truth that the right of men to the means of life , is superior to the « right" property in land , and it is just possible that the most advanced thinkers among them may say , that the legislature , in its character of the representative of the nation , has the right to violate the privileges of landlordism , when those privileges arc found to be not
conducive to the welfare of the mass of the people . This is a somewhat awkward admission for frcc-tradinc ; M . P . ' s ., for it is patent to all who have paid any attention " to the subject , that landlordism itself is altogether incompatible with the welfare of the mass of the people , and if the legislature has a right to dispossess landlords of any of their privileges or property , because detrimental to the interests of the people , it cannot but have tho same right to abolish landlordism
altogether when that is proven to he thus detrimental . They must always return in the end to the great fund - mental principle : ¦—the equal right of all men to the soil . Based on tins great principle alone can any agrarian change be beneficial to the nation at large . No tenant-right-tinkering will do . We have already had enough of class-agitations and class measures , and our agitations must be national or they will not stand . Let no one say that Tenant-Eight would be an instalment of the debt due to the people , wrenched from the landlords . We are heartily sick of the immoral system
of dealing justice by " instalments . " But even were it otherwise , we cannot look upon such a measure as this bill of Crawford ' s and Siiee ' s as a payment to the people , but rather the reverse . It would create a large number of petty landlords , and by thus increasing the number of those interested in the conservation of things as they are , indefinately defer the cession of justice to all .
. in this question of Tcnant-lUgbt , the duty of the British as of the Irish Democracy is clear . They cannot conscientiously aid in obtaining the enactment of a measure calculated to pro long the reign of agrarian inequality and social injustice . It should be their care rather , that every man should gain the Suffrage , in order that every man may obtain social justice by using his political power to Nationalize the Laxd .
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JUSTICE FOR THE MINERS . " The recklessness of the miners " has been a favourite theme with the press , when necessitated to comment on the catastrophes by winch thousands have been hurled to the tomb . It has been customary for the coal-pit proprietors , their managers and « viewers , " to attribute nearly every explosion to the callous indifference and foolhardiness of the workers , and the press has echoed and re-echoed the plausiblelooking imputation . If this charge of " recklessness" had been well-founded , what wonder V Has not the poor minor been left , generation after generation , to grow up , live , labour , and die , untaught , uncared for by his " master" growing
wealthy by his toil , the State growing mighty by his contributions to the commonweal , and Society so greatly indebted to his industrial heroism ? He has been left in absolute ignorance of that knowledge which Science sheds upon his perilous calling , but which has been shed in vain for him ; and as regards ordinary commonplace " education , " if at some wretchedly conducted Sunday-school he has obtained the
merest rudiments of reading and writing , he may deem himself for tunate . His « education" at the ' best , "hath this extent , no more . " True , there are . not wanting a few superiorminded men who rise superior to the trammels of circumstances , and by self-education achieve admission to the temple of Knowledge . But they arc exceptions to the general rule . It is to the credit of the Parliamcntarv Committee , that in their
Report , they urge the necessity of extending education both among tho working miners and managers , and insist that " viewers" and others , to whom is committed the guardianship of life and property , shall be rigidly tested as to their educational qualifications , before being appointed to offices of such serious responsibility . Probably among the workers in mines , familiar as they are with danger and death , there are some individunls who have too little thought of their own and their fellow-workers safety ;
just as on railways , a reckless engine-driver may here and there be found . But it is no more true of miners , than of engine-drivers , as a body , that they are careless and indifferent to the safety of their own and other people ' s lives . In allusion to the imputation of " recklessness , " the Committee remark , that the miners are keenly alive to the dangers of their employment , as evinced both by representations to the Committee , and by petitions to Parliament . After this testimonv it is to be hoped that the newspapers will give up their stereotyped accusation , or otherwise accuse the really guilty ¦ those who like the managers of the Aherdaro Valley Colliery pay no heed to the warnings addressed to them , but , though having the power to remedy the evil , neglect to do so , and thereby risk the lives of the workers , and the happiness of tneir lanulies . L
In the course of the Report there is an argument , nominally on the side of humanity , addressed to the cupidity of the coalpit proprietors . . Che Committee observe :- « It should notbc forgotten by the coal pit proprietors that the unhealthinesa of some mines , together with the danger of explosion , greatly enhances the rate of wages they must pay , so long as their workmen have to encounter such evils ; while the removal of those evils , on the other hand , must tend ere long to reduce the rate of iV ( Igcs in collieries more to a level with ' that of
labourers vi ordinary occupations . " This Manchester school argument is the great blot upon the Committee ' s Report . It reminds us of the argument oft-times addressed to the slaveowners of America , that they would find free , cheaper than slave labour-. That is to say , British philanthropists , having
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LECTURES !!! p . EEALD MASSEY will deliver Lectures on the \ J [ following subjects : — ' ' Illustrious instances of the Toiler-Teacher , or the Hero as Worker . " ' * ' An Evening -with our Living Poets . " •' The curse of Competition and the beauty of Brotherhood . *' " , l « hn Milton : his Character , Life , and Genius . " ' •' Eussell Lowell , the . American root . " " The Tticj ' . l of Pemoeracv . " 11 Ballad Poetry of Ireland . " ' '' Mesmerism and Clairvoyance , with practical Demonstrations . " " The -writings of Wordsworth , and then- influence on the Age : ' " American Literature , with pictures of transatlantic Authors . " @ ° Tor terms , apply to Gerald Masscy , 56 , Upper Charlotte-street Fitzroy-square , London .
Lioiites La Curwsijoitjtenis. — A
lioiites la Curwsijoitjtenis . — A
'It 1 K' A I**4 T *V\V Rfvt -B5t V F* T≫ ≪Y Feyivs' Tytjc O9l&L Fli (Jutu-Liuu Saturday, September 18, 1852. ^
'it 1 K' A i ** 4 t * V \ v rfVT -B 5 T V f * t > < Y feYiVs ' tytjC o 9 l&l fli ( JUtU-lIUU SATURDAY , SEPTEMBER 18 , 1852 . ^
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September 18 , 1852 . THE STAR 0 F FEEEim 89 " . ' ' " ¦ — - —i .- ¦ .-. — . _ .. _ . _ _ " ~ " " ' ¦ '
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 18, 1852, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1696/page/9/
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