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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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The surmises which have been rife as to who was to succeed the Duke as Commander-in-Chief have been set at rest by the announcement that Lord Hardinge is to have the vacant post . It was hinted that those feather-bed soldiers the Prince . Consort and the Duke of Cambridge had a hankering foi it ; but it is satisfactory to know that a practical soldier , who has fairly won his spurs , is to fill it . Perhaps the fittest man was General Napier ; but we ought to be tharifeful , as the times go , that we have not a worse than the second best .
The inquest on the driver killed by an accident upon the Bristol and Exeter Railway , has ended in a verdict of " no evidence" to show how the engine got off the line . Nobody ever knows how these happen . They arc always uncaused effects—real accidents . There was a suspicion or something more expressed in evidence , by a tradesman , that the rails were in very bad order at the spot , but the railway testimony was abundant that that was not and could not be the cause
of the casualty . Railway engineers must of course know better than a tradesman , and so they carried the day . The funds have a little recovered their late depression . They still keep a little over par , but the knowing ones do say that they will not go up high enough to enable Mr . Disraeli to take half per cent , off the interest of the national debt . It may be so , for no prophets are so likely to be right as those who have some power to realize their predictions .
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FRANCE . ( fr 03 i our owx correspondent . ) Paris . September 21 . M . Bonaparte ' s journey is , of course , a " triumphal march , " according to the journals of the Elysee . I will not insult yon , or the readers of your journal , by sending you the telegraphic dispatches , detailing the " explosions of enthusaism , " and the weary columns of the most sickening adulation that daily appear in the Moniteuri but there have been sundry little
occurrences connected with this journey which you would be sorry to hear , and the intelligence of which , as you will readily conceive , I did not obtain through official sources . In Bourges lie was very coldly received , as , without doubt , he was in many other places , where I have not , as in the present instance , the means of learning the real feeling of the population . In the Moniteur , " enthusiasm" is the stereotyped phrase . In the country round Bourges , the priests , worthy allies of Bonaparte , managed to get together between 2 , 000 and 3 , 000 of the
most ignorant of the peasantry , whom they prevailed upon to inarch into the town and receive Bonaparte with shouts of Vive VJEmpereur ! but , unluckily , these miserable wretches got so drunk in the evening on the reward of their exertions that they quite forgot their role , and lustily shouted Vive les Rouges I to the consternation , of their employers . At the same place , a courageous citizen who cried Vive la Bepublique ! was pounced upon by a number of police officers , and instantly marched off to prison . All who dared to express Republican
principles have been treated in a similar manner , along the Presidential route ! Orders were even sent to the local authorities of several places , through which Bonaparte was to pass , to imprison the principal republicans of the neighbourhood or : ; cnd them away from the place until after the passage of the Prince President ! These authorities were also politely infrrmed , that they would be held responsible for any disturbance that might occur .
To encourage the base , and hide the sullen silence of the population , a van-guard of 1 , 800 hired shouters precede Bonaparte , and mixing with the spectators , on his arrival , greet him with frantic cries of " Vive Napoleon III . ! " " Vive l'Empereur ! " He can well afford to pay for his aid : he has not to beg from the Assembly now . At Roanne , a number of persons were arrested for crying 11 Vive la Republique " whereas at Lyons , the attitude of the
population was so hostile , that at one time a struggle was anticipated . A passagein Bonaparte s speech at the latter place sets at rest all question as to his intention to make himself Emperor . " When , " says he , " it is the general interest that is in question , I always endeavour to anticipate public opinion : but when it is an interest which appears to me to be personal , then I follow public opinion . " 1 suppose the mercenary shouts of the 1 , 800 bawlers , who accompany him on his journey , constituted the " public opinion ; " and he " will follow it , " of course
borne tears have been entertained by the government that advantage would be taken of the absence of the President , for a rising by the republicans , and accordingly , the prefect of police has ordered all in possession of arms at once to give them up , on pain of prosecution . This fear is not very consistent whh the late assertion of Dr . Veron , that the republican party in France are contemptably weak ; the falsehood of which he
may soon discover to his cost . I am enabled to state , however that there is no intention of a rising on the part of the Republicans of the metropolis at present , unless anything were to occur to the itinerant showman . The time for ' action has not yet come ; and , besides , they will rather rise when Bonaparte is here , and with the view ot * rewarding him for his past deeds than when he is away . ' '
The trial of the persons concerned in the " gas-pipe plot" of last June has taken place . The object of the prosecution seemed rather to prove them guilty of the heinous crime of Republican ism than of any conspiracy . The prisoners made no attemnt to deny the former crime—nay , the wicked wretches seemed rather to think it an honour to be guilty of such a crime- and when they were sentenced to long terms of imprisonment' thev answered by an unanimous shout of " Vive la Republique ! » The women , of whom there were two , were especially heirtv in this ciy of defiance . v 7 neait "
I know full well that there are many such devoted adherents of the betrayed Republic ; but it is not to be denied that there are also many unprincipled wretches willing to curry favour with successful crime . An incident that occurred in the Canh ' ene a day or two since , shews that the ranks of labour ere "by no means free from these contemptible lackeys of despotism % \ VS VWPKK —A man offered for sale t 0 some workmen , a small pamphlet J jZii ^ T X ^ Mcl 1 the character of Louis Bonaparte was delineated with * ggf [ jli ^ & y ^ ore truth than partiality . When the workmen were aware of L ^ i- ^^ w ^ e character of the book , they immediately arrested the ven-^ (^ S ^ l ' k \ - ¦ >¦ t' ? elivered niltt over t 0 tne P ° lice . 1 trust these fellows l ^^ . t- ^ p ^ cW 1 obtain , from the true hearted workmen of Paris , a punishp ^ - £ t& J # gpt similar to the w ell-merited one administered to the impuflllTKiMv ; f jbamiouvis
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dent rascals , who assumed the title of delegates of the working men of the Croiz-Rousse , r . c . The prospect of a Bonapartist invasion of England is being anxiously discussed by several of the foreign journals . In an article entitled " A few- words to England , " the Nation , of Brussels , has the following remarks : — ; " She ( England ) has an sirm stronger than batteries and Ships ; by : a single word , by a breath , she may dissipate the phantom of destruction and opprobrium . Let her say to
democracy—Arise ! Let her extend an helping hand to the Colossus temporally overthrown by treason , and England has at once struck down her enemy—hey enemy , ' that of tile peoples , of intelligence , of liberty , and of the future ! ® ** * Then , let England pronounce—the time has come . Despotism and Civilization are face to face . Let her be the genius of liberty , if she would not be the victim of tyranny . Honour dictates the course she . should take . Civilized Europe ! the people await her decision . "
^ The Impartial , of Bruges , has an article on the same subject , in the course of which it reminds the Bonapartists that two invasions have already crashed imperial France . It has been finally decided to bring forward Messrs . Prudhon and Michelet as the Republican candidates for Paris at the ensuing election . The exiled Republicans' chiefs have issued an address to the Socialist Republicans of the Seine , callin&upon them to refuse recognizing the existing usurpation , by refraining from voting . As you may not have seen this document , 1 translate it in full : —
" Citizens , —The crime of the 2 nd December asks you , for the third time since its triumph , to take part in the comedy of its legislative elections ; and , whilst exhibiting its bloody pride in the South , amidst the ruins it has made , it would drag behind it the town of the Revolution to the complicity of the ruins . Citizens , we do not discuss or vote , against a crime , we strike it down ; and , when force protects it against disarmed justice , we retire from it , as from a curse , and take no part in its doings . Since the 2 nd of December there has been neither law nor
government m France , only the Revolution has been open . Whence comes the power that convokes you ? From a burglar and perjurer . What has been instituted by that constitution , which calls upon you , in its dictatorial limits , to the exercise of a sovereign right ? An oath which ties your delegates to the assassin of the Republic , and assemblies in which the prorogative of jour representatives is debased into the vote of valets . To bring shame upon yourselves and derision upon the sovereignty of the people , citizens , is what you are invited to do . Besides , what is the exercise of that sacred right under present
conditions ? No light , no propagandism , either by speech or writing , no preparatory meetings , no committees , no clubs , no press , no tribune ! Bulletins of administration that the police deliver and take possession of . Such is the game of Universal Suffrage under Louis Bonaparte ; but are such the conditions of liberty , living and enlightening liberty ? Are such the guarantees of the ballot , guarantees of honour that public control alone can give ? Doctors tell you that in principle you should take an oath . An oath to whom ? You are the sovereign . Others intimate that it is necessary to strike a blowand by an
, elective triumph again affirm the republic , in face of the dictatorship . O derision ! Listen not to these vain words inspired by weakness or expediency ; there are but snares and dishonour , treason , perhaps , at the bottom of these subterfuges . You who are the sacred phalanx of the Revolution abstain , then , altogether , like our brothers of the departments . Make a void and a desert around that man who has made in our fatherland the darkness and silence of night ; isolate his crimes ; leave him alone between content and hatred , beneath the eye of the people and of history ; ho cannot live long between
these two sentiments . Yes , citizens , in the name of the human conscience , which cries aloud throughout the whole earth against that traitor , usurper , perjurer , ferocious assassin , and prince of burglars ; in the name of the laws violated , liberties destroyed , and the Republic stifled in blood , by a miserable ambush ; in the name of the fatherland , the grand French fatherland , which he has made a barrack without glory , a dog kennel without light or air , a species of dungeon-tomb / like old Austria . Hold back from that man his constitution , his arms
, and ms fetes ; hold back from his shame as from his crimes , and labour , labour , without relaxation , in the great work , the sole duty of the day and of all time , to re-awaken the Revolution . This is what is said to you from afar by the voice of the exile . For the society " La Revolution . " The central committee : Bachelet , P . Gournet , Ch . Delescluze , L . Deron , Guyot , Ledru Rollin , F . Martin , Ribeyrolles , Robert ( du Jara ) , G . Nagnet , Pardigon , Ferrier . "
There are rumours current here that the English government have shown a disposition to comply with the demand of Louis Bouapave for the expulsion of the French Republican refugees from the Channel islands . The report has caused considerable agitatiou , but I can scarcely believe it , in fact .
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execution , which was by the sword , miscarried hi a ft ' manner , though the headsmen is a . practical han d f H beheaded 27 persons . The wo . man wade a ; movement T ^ moment the blow was struck , g&d it fell on the hack of hen ^ and she shrieked aloxid , ta . % terror ofthe spectators ?< head only feel , at . ^ third straki The executioner ! hardl y be recognizeci ^ he was so , cd ? ere $ with blood . Kot i Standing the frightful c'iimimsjfenc ^ s . litendhig the n ^ m - ^ GJS ^ d b ^^ j ^ A ^ M ^ wtaJl J ' ¦ . " utI ° n , Avvaria . —I lc ' tleY nwn Munich of the sariie date v above , gives the details of a still more revolting execution is a fearful picture of the brutality and degradation of then ' lace of that town : — " When the scaffold for the execution W murderer , Treiber , waserected , several' ladies' a scended it sat down in the ' seat of blood , ' ( the chair to Avhich the crim " i is tied to receive the fatal stroke , ) to see' how they looked
th-While the procession was going through the streets to the n'l of execution , a woman excited the chanty of the crowd \ T presenting a child she carried as that of the criminal . Atom the scaffold several robberies were committed , and some ml peckets arrested . A peasant who had let out his waco- ^ - ' standings was nearly beaten to death because the horses rnov ^ on and threw down some of his customers ; after the executir * men and women rushed to dip handkerchiefs and rags in a * flowing blood , as remedies for the epilepsy and consumption an i as a means of drawing lucky numbers in the lottery . " '
POLAND . The following letter describes the present state of the town of Posen : — "The greatest anxiety and terror prevail in all classes ; % epidemic is very severe in this neighbourhood and the Duchy It has put a stop to all business . The post-office has lost so many of its staff that the service is impeded ; the hours of & tendance have been shortened by order . At this mom ent the cholera is in every quarter of the town , and among all classes of the population . The deatli of the wife of the Commandant
has alarmed the highest classes of society , and many cases have occurred in its ranks . When it is considered that our town only contains 40 , 000 inhabitants , it will be seen that a m ortality which has reached above 60 a day is fearfully high , when coinpared with the average of deaths under ordinary circumstances which is from six to eight . All who can possibly do it are leaving the place . In every street you meet biers carryinc the sick , or carriages with the dead . In the suburbs of Cirwalischei v and Ribald , where the poorer Polish population live evovded together in unhealthy dwellings , the pest rages with the greatest severity . It is true that in a room where several families live
together , it is not uncommon for a physician to find , v . 'hile at the bedside of a patient , his fellow tenants eating quantities of cucumber , the cheapest vegetable at present . With such a diet it is impossible the disease should not find daily more victims . Communication with the suburb of Ribald has been cut off , and no one can enter it without permission of the police ; but the measure has been useless . The epidemic is in all quarters of the town . It may be imagined what a mournful appearance it
has assumed . Cheerfulness and content have disappeared from all faces ; not a sound of pleasure is to be heard ; life and motion are arrested . The town is like a desert ; wherever you look you find only anxious countenances , and nothing yet indicates that the disease has reached its highest point . The magistrates suggested to the General in command that the canon of the citadel should be fired as a means of purifying the air , which had been tried with success in England ; but the Chief President had refused his permission . "
Another letter , published in the Posen Zeitung , states that in the rural districts the peasants exhibit the greatest callousnes and difference towards those who are attacked , and but for the interference of the authorities , would leave them to die without help . Neither will they help to bury the dead , unless compelled by fore ? .
ITALY . Rome . —The reception of the Pope on the 8 th hist ., when lie paid his annual visit to the church of the Madonna del Popoli , was as frigid as usual on the part of the Romans . The suspected regiment of Roman Light Infantry , which was formed at "V elletri , and concerning whose conduct so many unfavourable assertions and official contradictions have been put forth , is about to be inarched into Rome , in order to be under the more immediate inspection of the military authorities . Tuscany . —The Genoa Corrietv / Mercantile , of the lGthinsi ., quotes the following :
" Count Giacomo Manzoni , who was Minister-at-War at . Rome during the first months of 1849 , had with difficulty obtained leave to reside at Genoa and in the Sardinian dominions . His family , which inhabits Lugo , being desirious to see him , had applied to the Tuscan government , which agreed to grant him permission to visit them . A safe conduct , delivered by the Governor of Leghorn , and legalised by the Chief of the Tuscan Police , was accordingly forwarded for him , with special instructions to the Tuscan ' Consul at Genoa . Furnished with that
authorisation , M . Mansoni embarked for Leghorn , but the Austrian commander , disregarding that act of the Tuscan authorities , refused him permission to land . A guard was placed upon him on board the steamer , and it wns by special favour he was allowed to continue his journey to Malta . " Luca . —The Corriere Mercantile of the loth says : —" Correspondence from Luca announces that a disturbance has been made under the windows of M . de Clequi , the French consul , because his drawing-room ( a solitary execution to all others in the town ) is frequented by Austrian officers . It is added that the consul has been recalled . We , wait for confirmation of tins
news . " YENicE . —The Monitore dei Comuni says that the Austrian are fortyfying Venice and Mantua with the utmost energy . At Mantua they carry on the works mysteriously , and even at night .
The editors , of the five journals suspended by order of ^ Government , were still confined in the prison del Saladero-The editor of the Constitutional had , absconded , and could not be arrested . The prisoners had been informed that they * f to be tried not only for an attack acainst public order , but also for calumny .
The Avisador Mdagueno announces that the Civic Guard ed succeeded in completely destroying a band of robbers , wio > tinder the comman d of the notorious Chato de Benamegi , ^ long infested the province of Cordova . Those Banditti were o » the point of entering the lines ' of Gibraltar when they wew overtaken by a detachment of 60 civic guards , who killed m « -, wounded three , and took 21 prisoners .
HOLLAND . , Opesixg op the Legislative Session op the States Gexej * * —The Legislative Session of 1852-53 was opened on the ^ by the King in person . There was nothing remarkable m i « " Royal Speech , " unless we except the following parag ^ P which confirms the report recently circulated that the Gove »
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-98 v ¦ .. . v ^ - ^^ STAE OF FREEDOM . September , 25 , i 855 ) — - ^ . : . , . - . . . ¦ ^ w
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Ward , Dr . Arnott , Mr . Charles Cockrane , Mr . Holland , of Manchester , and Mr . Roberts , architect of Prince Albert ' s cottages . The Congress is divided into sections to examine different questions . The sections are four in numhev—one is charged to occupy itself with workmen s houses , baths , washhouses , and hospitals ; another , with sewers , &c , the distribution of water , and ventilation ; the third with the organization of jublic health , the maintaining of children , interments , and cemctries ; and the lourth , with the adulteration of food , the labour of children in workshops , and prostitution . , .
BELGIUM . M . Frere-Oban is no longer Minister of Finance , and for the present M . Liedis conducts that department . The Chambers are also convoked for the 27 th inst . A " Hygienic Congress , " consisting of gentleman of different countries , who take an interest in promoting the health of towns , and the welfare of the working classes , commenced sitting at Brussels on Monday . About 200 gentlemen , Belgians and foreigners , attended ; they met in the Royal Academy of Medicine . Amongst the English were Viscount EmnfftonMr
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GERMANY . Austbia . —Aii Imperial decree has been published at Vienna , ordering that the tri-coloured flags , which have been used by the Croatians since 1848 , shall be replaced by the imperial flac of Austria . * " Hasovbr . —Letters from Berlin and Vienna state that Hanover had come forward to mediate in the constant differences between Austria and Prussia . Little was expected to come of the otter .
Saxoxiv-A letter from Dresden dated Sept . 10 th . has the following account of an execution in that town :- - " \ t 7 o ' clock this morning we had the sad spectacle of a public execution . The cnminalwas a single woman , who had murdered her illegitimate child , two and a half years old , in a most barbarous manner , that it might not be an obstacle to her marriage . The
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 25, 1852, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1697/page/2/
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