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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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TFAT £ ENS'S LEGACY TO THE CHARTISTS . --V 1 ECTPKE II « CONCLUDED . 5 nt the truth is , there are none of us that do as we woaW W done & T » for ' ^ f snonl ( i we sea such r iekts , -sronld there be such scenes as appear—as are luted Without intermission on this great stape of knaves mi fools—in this thre&tre of the world ? We need not ? seend or descend into garret * , or cellars , or dog-holes , tbose charnel houses of the dying and the dead , where ^ ue , pestilence , and famine huddle tii-ir victims tns ^ tber ; ^ e need not explore prisons , basttles , or ^ dtentaries ; nor need we seek in factories or coal *^ ne « _ we haTo only to "walk the open streets , at mid-^ Tlnd at ev ery step we take we shall meet objects to ' con-yince us that we do not do unto others as we would be cone by . I will pass along one of the prinr inal thoroughfares of this mighty metropolis—the esnital of Eng land—the emporium of the world—great S -wealtb , little in -worth , magnificent in outward appearance , ' nieaa in real character—in a -word—London ! TaeQ two extremes ef wealth and poverty that abso-^
lutely meet : they not only co-exist , but they- commm gle ; and the wealth is more shameful , more dis-STisting ! tnore abominable than the poverty ; for there js sometii ing very unjust , very revolting , very insulting in luxury when it exists—when it parades itself—when it triumphs in the very presence of the necessity which jt con trasts with . If such wealtk allow of such poverty , the poverty should not allow of the wealth . There is Su Paul ' s Cathedral—surrounded and almost smothered ¦ wiih shops and warehouses—an emblem of religion , befouled acd bnrthened with the trsSc of Mammon ; you are shown the Monument j and look at the shipping in the Thames—the carriages in the streets—yes , and 1 p oint you to the miserable beings you meet there , gse a human creature , a few dirty rags scarcely hide fcis shrivelled nakedness , his emaciated arms are folded across his skeleton ferm to give it warmth , he is bent
with cramps , he shivers with agues—the keen pangs of hunger glare fiercely in his eyes—his appetite is reduced to that of a very dog—he seeks in the gutters for scraps of refuse—bs is full of Bores , and shames—why is this ? Answer ft ye who have the mating of the laws , who govern the country , who leave us not a will of our 0 WIJ answer it , ye lords and biBhops , who profess to reverence the very name of God—who tell us that man was created in the likeness of God ! Is this the condition in which yen would Jwbold the image of Gad ? You say that God gave dominion to man over aJ gjingj thst all things were made for him , and given to him . True , my lords and bishops , but such as you have robbed hi ™ of all , and we now frequently behold God ' s image pass along— s > pals spectre of reproach to
jjjjjj perishing with cold and hunger , acd with no place of rest , not even a pillow for his drooping , his dying head , except the stony step of the door of seme Taunted charitable institution barred against him . That man is our brother , and is this doing to our brother as we would he should be done to ? Is it doing as we would be done by ?—for we ought to put ourselves in his place—to identify ourselves with Mia , to rnnpathise with him , to succour him—for , as we would not wish to suffer this , we should resolve that neither should one of like nature with ourselves be ma-Ie to Euffir so . H ow many do we meet doing penance for the crime of poverty , walking barefoot , and howling as & ey hobble along , " God help me , I am starving . " Hundreds pass them every minute , hundreds full-fed ,
fulldressed , and with their pockets full , but they heed not their sufivring , perishing brethren . TTnsophisticated strangers from the country will stop , will enquire , will wonder , will be softened by pity , will be fired with indignation ; but the town passengers are bent on business ; on pleasure , on wastefulness , on wantonness , and Buffer not their attention to be diverted for a moment to those who have no business , no pleasure , nothing to waste , who are in want of alL What a prize a pfcmiy would be to them ; but no man gives them anything . There is the Lp . sr . ar who has been bronzed by the heat of a torrid sun—he finds our climate cold , Imtqnr hearts are colder ; a few tatters of his native eosftsmB ytt ilap in the wind , and tells too plainly , shews too clearly , that he has not been clothed since
he left his far , his foreign soil , and came a stranger to s strange land- Do we do unto kirn as we would be done by , supposing that we were thus destitute in his country ? I might go on adducing other instances of individual wretchedness in every variety of formcumbers of deformed , crippled , mutilated objects whom we see in public , but who ought to be nowhere seen but in almshouses , hospitals , or asylums . But I will not weary ycur patience or render your compassion callous by a vain recital of the wants and woes which are caused by tyrants , who punish ns if we pity and Beek to relieve them . I will merely cite a few domestic eases , which nature itself prompts us to relieve—such as of mothers carrying their infants through the streets , and followed by their little ones with naked feet , driven
from an empty home , and imploring with hopeless eyes , a little iced to keep them aliva Is this the fate we would wiih for our fathers and mothers ? Fathers , who in spite of the Duke ' s declaration , that all may eat who work , find that those who do no work eat allfor , nnable to procure work , they have been obliged to to pawn their very tools for bread , and yet lack foo d—mothers who with aching hearts , a £ t « parting with every comfort , every con-Tenience , every accommodation for the necessaries of life , after stripping themselves and their homes of all the eraces of life , of its very decencies , have been compelled to strip theii little ones , and sell theii tiny articles of wearing apparel for food—then as a last resource , have gone forth not with the pride of a
siother ' s joy , the pleasure of a mother ' s love , when she takes her children forth to walk or play : but with the degrading , the distressing , the despairing feelings of a mendicant who must exhibit her offspring * s spectacles of painful pity to excite the compassien of those whose hearts have been hardened by avarice , who rejoice at the wretchedness which is the foil and food of their splendour . . A ? " . ' such children are trained up n-- > t in the way they should go ; but in a way which they ¦ woul d fain not go—in a way which they are forced to go . Ah , necessity is a vile thing , and makes villains of ns all Many mothers wish thtir daughters may die and not grow up to become the victims of the suffering life of an that awaits them . Many fathers wish their sons had not been born to be a burthen on them which
they cannot support How many little sinless ones innocently wonder why they are made te suffer so much cold and hunger , and with the . voice of first nature implore their parents to get them food from the abundance which they see every where around them ? How many parents commit suicide , or destroy their children , or sit in sullen impoteney , unaffectrd bj the cries of want "Which they cannot relieve ? How many groan in spirit under the grinding despotism of the present cursed system—a system made by and for the benefit of the rich , who do not feel any of these things , and therefore , tare for none ef them ? It is very well for them , sitting at ease in their possessions , and saying to themselves , " Soul , thon hast much goods laid np for many yearB , eat , drink , and be merry , "—it is very well for them , sc-t pressed by poverty , not tempted by an—for them to exclaim against the vices of the poor ; but let the rich do as they would be done by , and the vices , the ignorance , they so eloquently denounce , would cease ,
would be known no more . Many honest men are balancing the horrors of starvation on the one hand with the degradation of flishonesty on the other , and in hopeless helplessness wish for seme rwift disease to come and carry them off . Many put themselves into the way of death ; many plunge into it from a life that ha 3 robbed death of all iu terrors , a life of pain and frantic woe . The verdict on such victims is seif murder . ' A lie—a cruel lie ; for it is the system that murders them , and none but the supporters of such a system—the supported by it—would dare to pronounce such a sentence on the day-cold corpse that sleeps sound , that smiles for the first time ; a sentence that should waken the sleeper , that should make the bloed of the murdered now afresh , that should recoil on those who would torment the soul after killing the body . Ah , the grave that is the true place of rest for those whom the wicked has made weary ; the grave is the only refuge far the destitute !
~ Sow the knowledge of these things , the knowledge that so many instances of this kind have taken place , that so many are now taking place , that so many will take place in future , the knowledge of all thia ought to make our blood boil ; ought to fire us with virtuous indignation ; ought to £ il us with fury ; we should burn ; we shonld be all a flame to redress these things , to stop them , to alter tee cursed system that causes them . If we would not havB such things happen to us , we should resolve that they shall not happen to others ; we should resolve that they Ehall Dot be ; for while such things are , while they are suffered to continue , who shall Bay , which of us can tell that be will not be the next victim ? Save them , then , to save ourselves .
I frequettly see in the Btreet of this proud city—and shaae on it for showing such sights , old men and old women , worn to premature age by ill-requited toil , whose blood is chilled by time , who ought to have some quiet nook , Borne comfortable fireside to rest their age , an d shelter their infirmities in : yet they must "wander forth , and with voice that filters in unissn ^ "ith their tottering steps , sing , or rather attempt to EiEgi —for in London it is ' no song , no supper . ' ' Thay must sing for alas , though alms ought to be given to prevent them being put to the pain of singing ; but they dust sing or the ever-open h » "r t will remain outstretched in vain . How can they sing ? how unfeeling it is to expect them to mock theii own miseries by merriment . Is this the fate we wish for our grandBires and grandmothers ? But , alas . ' the very commonness of these things , a commonness that makes them only more mournful , more shocking , makes them be unconridered , unheeded .
And if these be the every-day rights , what are the every-ui ght scenea ? when misery cornea out of its hiding-place , and seeks relief by sin—when the fairest daughters of our isle , who have been scared by the gaunt aspect of famine into the smiling embrace of voluptuousness—when ruined loveliness seeks a respite from thought in beaEtly intoxication or brutal lnstwho feel every remaining spark of lost virtue a pain to them , and strive to extinguish it by unwomanising themselves , so to speak ; and yet these poor , demons Used , brntalised , demordsed creatures migkt have been the help of mothers , the comfort of fathers , the pride of brothers , the solace of husbands , the ornaments of dompstie usefulness , but they fell into arms that ought to have been stretched to save and not to sink , and now their portion is guilty woe—tie abomination of deso-
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lation . Surely , this is the last way of life that women would walk in ; but what other way is left to thousands , except the path that leads to the grave ? what escape is for them ?—what means of return ? The penitentiaries open not to the voice of penitence , bnt te the voice of interest , and when open there are painful penances to be performed within ; no home and no house will take them back to virtue ; it is too late , and the poor victims are constrained to sell themselves , body and soul , to disease and despair . These are our sisters , and is this the way we would have our listers done by ?
Parliament instituted to inquire into and to correct national evils , never inquired into these things , will not suffer them to be inquired into . Committees are appointed to inquire into the condition of felons in prison—of paupers in workhouses—of children in factories and mines , and all this is well worth inquiring into ; butno committee sits to inquire into the condition of the outcasts in the streets . Oh , what a tale each one could tell ; but a tale that our Government would not listen to , because in it they would hear their own condemnation . But let us get the Charter , and all these evils will be inquired into and remeditd—we must not expect it till then . Therefore I call on all who have fathers , who have mothers , who have brothers , who have sisters—I call upon all whs are
themselves fathers , mothers , brothers , or sisters —upon all who are men , who have the common feelings of humanity—I call upon you for the sake of ttbers , for the sake of yourselves—for the ' sake of our fellow-creatures , not only those who wetr the human form , but also for the sake of the poor dumb animals that toil in torture , that are driven to death by hard feiskmasiers for wham they work till they die , running till they drop with bureten hearts ; I call on you for the sake of every living thing , for everything that has iife , may rue life under thi present system ; for life , the blessing of God , is turned into a curse by man—I call on all , Iot the sake ef all , to Blrive for the Charter , that these things may pass away , and a newer , a better ordtr of things may come in their stead .
And now I conclude—conclude as I began with the t = xt—rit is the first and the last , and if there had been no o'her rule given in the Bible than this golden one , it were enough ; it is a Bible in itself ; a precept most worthy to bs given by God to nitm , for if we followed it—if we strictly exemplified it , we should have all happiness that our nature is capable of , we should be what God intended us to be , we should ail be happy here and happy hereafter , if only we did unto each other as we wuuld be done by . J . W . Battersea .
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MR ROEBUCK AND THE BATH CHARTISTS . The following correspondence will be read , no doubt , with interest Dy the Caartiats throughout the country : — "TO JOHN ARTHUR ROEBUCK , ESQ ., 31 P . " 19 , Gloucester-road Buildings , Swans wick , Bath . " Sir , —I am requested by the Council of the Bath Chartist Society to forward the following resolution to you , with a request that you would answer the same . The resolution wa 3 passed unanimously . They take this Btep previous to their calling a public meeting to take the sense of the inhabitants respecting the matter to which this letter refers . It is as follows : —
"' That we , the Councillors of the Bath Chartist j Society , being a portion of those who elected Mr . Roebuck , feel called upon to state , that while we approve ' of and are pleased with Mr . Roebuck ' s general remarks ! made in defence of our principles , we denounce bis attack-on the supposed author of the National Petition ; as malignant and cowardly , and as an infiult to all who ' signed that document ; we , therefore , call upon Mr . R . ' . to apolojjisa for his conducl , to prove the charge of j malignancy and cowardice , or to retract this assertion . * j " I am , Sir , \ Yours most respectfully , i •' . G . M . Bartlett . " I IX REPLY , MR , ROEBUCK SATS : — j " Londay , May 13 , 1842 . j " Sir , —Before I can . pay the slightest attention to ; your unseemly letter , I de&ire to know the names of the i electors who passed the resolution . j " I am , Sir , j 11 Your obedient servant , j » 'J . A . Roebuck . " Mr . G . M . Bartlett . " { TO SIR . ROEBUCK , M . P . j Sir , —On receiving your letter , I thought proper to lay it before the Council . Feeling , as they do , a kindred regard for you as an avowed democrat . They , regret yon should have raised any quibble , or j doubted the veracity of the person who forwarded you J their resolution respecting your attack on the supposed j anthor of the National Petition—an attack which they j coasidered to be an insult to themselves , and all others who signed that document They asked you to apalc- gise Sot your conduct , to prove the charge of malignancy j ana cowardice , or to retract your assertion . For reply j you say you must know the Dames of the " electors" j who passed the resolution , before you can pay the slightest attention to my unseemly letter . This they :
consider to be an evasion of a plain question , which , ; whether put by electors or non-electors , you ought in 1 justice to have answered . However , I overlook the j unseemly * attacK yon have made on my veracity , and here give the names yen require . But permit me to i state one or two things . At a late meeting yon ad- i vised us , if dipleased with anything you may have done , to ask you to explain . We do ask you to explain j why yon attacked the supposed author of the National j Petition ? You alBO , on the occasion in question , ad- J vised us ' to bear and for bear '; but is your conduct an example of such ?
We consider your attack to be unwarrantable and uncalled for . " We are pained that it should have been made . to tu ^ fo that good which your speech would i otherwise have effected . Had you attacked , by fair argument , ' the very foolish petition , ' we sheold have applauded your candour and straightforwardness ; but , i instead of doing this—instead of pointing out the 1 foolishness" of the petition , you conjured up a sup- j posed author for the purpose , it would appear , of .: maligning his motives , and misrepresenting the cha- racter of the Chartists generally . Your attack was ] evidently made in the same spirit as that which yen ' condemned . What proof had you that the author of the petition j was a malignant and cowardly demagogue V i The petition affords no such proof . It was drawn by the Executive of the National Charter Associa-
up tion . It expressed our sentiments ; though if we bad had the drawing of it up , \ n the first place , we might have differently worded it , thinking it best to give no pretext for the enemy to cavil about the principles , But whatever petition may be presented in the Com- mons , it would be sure to displease some . Wishing an answer as soon as convenient , I am respectfully yourB , 6 . M . Bartlett , Bath , May 17 , 1842 . P . S . I enclose the names and resolution . The above , is written at the request of the National Charter Association . |
ME . ROEBUCK ' S REPLY . j London , May 20 , 1842 , j *• Sib ., —The resolution you sent me purported to be j ot the electors . 1 desired to inow who those electors 1 were . In asking that question I did not question the j right of the non-electors in any way ; but when a man ' assumes ' a character it is but right that ha should be entitled to it . I desired to know the electors who had passed the resolution , and as you have sent me the names of five persons ( six ) who were so , I answer them as such . Had you not claimed the character of electors and demanded on that ground an answer , I should have said nothing on the subject of electors . " Firstly , —I beg to say that I deem it of absolute J necessity that every member of the House of Commons have perfect liberty of speech—and I will not , by any act of mine , by way of explanation , diminish that right ( - !!) ' When , however , I can remove mistake , I without prejudice to the perfect liberty of speech which ' I deem essential , I will do so . And therefore , ;
" Secondly , —1 beg to say , that I took great care to express every proper regard for the petitioners who signed the National Petition . I cast no insnlt upon them , intended to cast none , but of the petition itself I spoke in the way I thought fitting , and shall do so again if the occasion requires it I thought it foolish , I think bo still , and my opinion thereof is not altered by yoar comment on my speech . " Thirdly . —lam told that the persons who really did write the National Petition were Mr . Philp and Mr . M'Douall . I have told them that as neither of them wss in the slightest degree alluded to by me , I wa « glad to have tfi « opportunity of saying so to them ; but that any further explanation I would not give . To them , as " to yen , I expressed strongly that I never did say , never wished to say , one word that could be construed into an insult of the petitioners ; but to them , as to you , I did say that I had the same opinion of the petition itself .
"I will not now remark on the language of your resolution . You aay deem it proper to abuse me , but of this I am sure , my constituents , my country men generally will not join in that abuse . 1 answer you because I would not have it said that I neglected to notice a remonstrance because it came from persona not powerful . " I beg ^ nrtbeT to say that I hare received the thanks of certain Chartista of Bath who signed the petition . I thought I had done good service to their cause , on the occasion of ¦ which you complain . I am , your obedient servant , "J . A . Roebuck . "
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a county lecturer , in conjunction with otheJ . part 3 of England : when po or North Lancashire , where there is some of the bravest but unfortunately the poores operatives in England , can afford to pay a lecturer , tUeir wages not averaging four Bhillniga a week , surely Durham County , and the Bordota of Yorkshire united . , at least , can have one aba Brother Chartists , the delegates assembled at Darlington , on Sunday , the 22 a May , nave laid a plan down ^ Hereby the money can be raised ; and have empowered Mr- Charles Connor , who acted as Secretary to , correspond with the different places ; and the delegates ^ hopa that the Chartista in all the localities will immediately commence , if they approve of the plan , to set about collecting the money , as we came to the conclusion unanimously not to employ a lecturer , Until ¦ we bad a month ' s pay in hand . The -following ^ the plan the delegates proposed : — Sunderland to
rai 89 5 s . ^ ek , Darlington 4 s ., Stockton 4 a . Richmond 3 s ,, Barnard Castle 3 s ,, Bishop Auckland 3 s ., NorthaUorton and Bromptbn 3 s ., WeS t avf- i ! ° - 6 a - » Stokesly 2 s . 6 d . D witan 2 s . 6 d ., South Shields 2 a .. Wingate Grange Colliery 2 s . 6 d ., Hartlepool la . 6 d ., which will amount to the sum required m a month , i The delegates conclude this address by making an earnest appeal to the working men of the above-mentioned places to have , if possible , the momes forthcoming by tne next delegate meeting , which will be held at Darlington , on Sunday , the 20 th June , at Mr . Bragg s large room , Priestgate , to conimence at ten oclocK . A Mr . Robert Davidson , chemist and gtocet , Bishop Auckland , was uppointed treasurer ; and Mr . Charles Connor , Back Bongate , bishop Auckland , se * cretary . Also the delegate from Stockton was empowered to write to Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., requestim ? that gentleman to fulfil his promise he made to him at York to viBit the County of Durham .
The letter from Newcastle was deferred till the next delegate meeting ; also Brook ' s case , the Chartist confined in Northallerton prison . " ¦ -.. ' Signed , on behalf of tho meeting , W . Bragg , Chairman . Charles Cojjnob , Sec .
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL . CHARTER ASSOCIATION . MY Dear Friends , —Mr . Ridley and myself were appointed to attend to that business of the Gouvention which the members left us to do on their . leaving-the metropolis . Qne part of our duty was to procure the aid of the Members of Parliament and others in behalf of our incarcerated brethren , and to procure the return of Frost , Williams , and Jonea . With the view of effecting these desirable results , we waited on Mr . Duncombe , who , with his usual earnestness and honesty , at once expressed his readiness to serve us in any way ; at the same time . stating his fears thnt his and our labours would end in disappointment . Mr . Duncombe , to prove to us that his doubtswere not unfounded , handed to us an answer he had received from the Home Secretary , in reply to the prayer of a memorial he had forwarded . I looked at the document , and instantly remarked , " Why this is a printed answer *
or rather a lithographed edition of the usual Government answer to our memorial . " "To be sure it is , " said Mr . Duncombe , " and I have no doubt they have prepared them as answers expressly for the Chartist memorials which tne Government imagine will be very numerous , arid would take up the time of the clerks in answering them . You see ?> IaHks are left to bo filled up with the name of the person in who « e favour you may memorialise , and llr . Phillips has no more trouble than to put in Frost , Holberry , or any other name mentioned by you . " " That beats Whlggery altogether , " said both Ridloy and myself . I carried the document with uie , and . will exhibit it as a ouriosity at every public meeting , until the universal burst of honest indignation shall arouse the present flinty-hearted Ministers , if not to the practice of justice , at least to a sense of burning shame . ;
Fellow-countrymen , are you disposed to submit te this braz 9 n-faced insult ? Know all of you that the Government have not time to answer your memorial , far less to listen to your complainti It follows in proper order , after the refusal of tho House to hear your wrongs explained to them and to the world . Ihe answer which is prepared for you , and which , like the lawa of the Medea ami Persians , is to be unalterable , runs thus . Ton millions of niemoriaB " would have the same reply : — " Sir , —Secretary Sir James Graham , having carefully considered your application in behalf of ——— -, I am directed to express to you his regret that there is no sufficient ground to justify him , consistently with his public duty , in advising hor Majesty to comply with the prayer thereof . 111 am , Sir , " Your obedient humble sorvant , "S . ai . Phillips . "
This precious morsol of outrageous and unblushing tyranny is directed to any one who may be fool enough after this uncalled-for insult , to approach the Lithograph-office , at Whitehall . What they will do next I cannot pretend to say , but I should imagine the next improvement in the scienca of despotism , will be to cast an iron man for the purpose of answering the people ' s ¦ yna / jrm , « ndi roaliy helievo the uiookery would not be much less than it is , whilst the trifling expence of the machine would btj something to recommend it to the people ' s notice .
I would advise some of the Chartists to forward their memorials for the mere purpose of having one of these lithograph eyidonces brought up in evidence against a callous and desperate faction , which niay rest assured that our complaints , our wrongs , and cur rights will have in every Cliartist mouth , a niachica which will lithograph our grievances with ten-fold energy and perseverance throughout the length and breadth of the nation . I am , my dear friends . Your uucompromising Follow labourer In the cause of Chartism , P . M . M'Douall . P . S . I shall be in BiWuingham on Monday j Manchester on Tuesday ; and Bury on Wednesday . My other promises shall be fulfilled as soon as possible , of which I shall give due notice .
The memorial and remonstrance have been slightly altered by the request of Mr . Duncoui be , and the corrected edition will / appear in the next Slur .
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An old lady named Dosson , is now living in Bridgewater , who is in hor hundredth year ; she has all her faculties about her , and can see to read and sew withoiit the aid of spectacles , — Western Luminary . Trick of a Member op Parliament to Elude the Income Tax . —It i * Btated , on the authority of an Irish Ministerial paper , that Mr , Quintin Dick , the Member for Maldou , has transferred a sum of £ 95 , 000 from the British to the Irish funds , as a preparatory step to that of transferring himself from this land of his adoption to that land of his birth . We know not , of course what foundation there may be in truth for such a . story ; but it wants not verisimilitude to make it current . Tories are in general disposed to back theic friends and stand by
their principles , in the way in which this Hon . Gentleman is described to do so ; that is , with the least possible detriment to themselves . Having agreed in Parliament , as member for an English borough , to lay a-hearj impost upon his eohatitueut ? he is here exhibited as avoiding to lessen their bur then or to share it by so much as his little finger . This—whether the representation be correct or wholly imaginative—is the very beau ideal of the public virtue at present in vogue . The patriot first of all helps his party at a dead lift , by establishing a tax for them , and his next care is to secure himself by running away from its operation , We wish Mr . Roebuck would interrogate tho Hon . Member for Maldon , as to the truth ot' this rumoured movement to elude the Income Tux . If it be true , we presume there must be a compromise of the seat .
Ireland . —The Irish papers teem with accounts of " outrages , " mostly of an agrarian kind . We enumerate some of the number of instances . Tipperary has been so disordered , that the High Sheriff convened the magistrates of the disturbed districts , to make representations to Government . The proceedings did not transpire . The Magistrates of King's County likewise assembled ; but the promptitude of thefr combination had much effect in pacifying the neighbourhood , and several rioters returned to their work . The meeting therefore broke up without resorting to ulterior measures . The Nenagh post-office was the '" channel * for a threatening notice to Mr . Uniack Bayly , of Ballinaciough . TheNendgh Guardian recounts riotous attacks on Mrs . Gleeson ,
of Grange , and her care-taker . At first Mrs . Gleeson was ordered to discharge him on pain of death ; another day a pistol was presented to her breast , as she was riding out , and she was ordered to retain the man ; and finally , the cottage of the man himself was entered by an armed and disguised party , who told him that the second order was not tne genuine mandate of" Captain Starlight , " beat him , threw thatch upon his fire , and drove him out of the cottage , threatening death if he returned . They said that they come from a great distance . Three policemen were attacked near Michelstpwn ; one of them was so beaten as to be past hope of recovery , and the second was killed with a bayonet ; the third escaped . The Government haye found it necessary to station an additional Stipendiary Magistrate at Portumna , to prevent as much as possible the
systematic ruffians from crossing the Shannon from the adjoining border of Tipperary . The Neiory Exa ~ miner attributes a fatal outrage to Of angeism j one Madden had his skull cleft with a spade , while at work , by Meighan , a noted rioter ; and the murderer was suffered to walk off . ThetLeinster'Express ^ says that James Keogh was arrested near Moheygall , while posting a notice threatening a -Mrs , Ryan with death if she did not give ten acrea of land to the poor people iti the neighbourhood , for the purpose of potatoe-setting . The Dublin Evening Mail mentions that the house of Michael Gleeson , at Curraghglass , was visited by an aimed party of four , who struck him , and told him that he wonld be killed if he did not giro tip tho land which be took from widow Maher ; to whom he had paid a sum of money for her interest *
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The Cottage Garden Plan . —There are now in the neighbourhood of Nottingham fourteen auxilir aries of the Labourers' and Axtizins' Friend Society , and appHcationa are beingi , ma ^ e to the society in Nottingham from many places to form others . Upwardsof one hundred and thirty aotesia this neighbourhoqd have been broken up into about 800 allots menta , and seed has been fonRd on loan for many of them . Tae Town Council flfeNottinguam" passed a resolution in January last iiilravoar of the cottage garden plan , but the lands intended to be granted cannot be appropriated until an Act of Parliament has been obtained . Mr . Orange , who is the active and persevering agent of the society , proposes to form auxiliary societies through the Northern and Midland counties ; and cpnteniplates that the funds raised should be appropriated to loans with bonus or interest , and part be applied to the erection of cottages , almshouses for the aged , and agricultural
schools . Billingshurst . — -Strange Delusion and Consummate Cruelty . —A womun named Barns , the wife of a labouring man residing at New Pound Common , in the parish of Wisborough-greeh , having been ill for a long time , and being unable to account for her lengthened indisposition , supposed , as did her neighbours also , that she was bewitched , and looking about them for the cause of the evil , their suspicions fell on a woman of about forty years of age , said to be a very decent , inoffensive oreatuTe ; this idea had been entertained for a long time and many schemes were put into operation to destroy her influence ; but all had failed up to the latter end of last April , when by some means they became possessed with the notion that if they got some
pigeons and burned them alive , keeping every part of the room stopped up close , and not speaking while the operation was going on , they would effectually destroy the witch ' s power . In order to reduce this scheme to practice they procured pigeons and tied them in pairs back to back by their wings , and lighted a large fire , and stopped up the rosm as close as possible ; Bonio of the poor pigeons they opened at the breast in order that the fire might burn- their hearts while alive . How many were burned the writer cannot say , but he heard a nQijjhbour state that he himself burned four , and he thought they should 'have destroyed the witch if the house had been closer . It is supposed by the neighbours that from a dozen to sixteen pigeons ivere destroyed in this cruel taznner .- ^ -Swsex Express .: ; -.. ••
I / XTRAOBDiNAKY Trial . —The following singular case , which , we believe , is the first of the kind that has ever been tried in a Court of Justice , either in tbiscountry or America ^ basbeen heard before Judges Baldwin and Randall , in the United States Circuit Court , at Philadelphia . The prisoner , A . W . Holmes , oneofthecrew of the William Brown , stood charged with manslaughter on the high seasi The vessel sailed from this port for Philadelphia on the 12 ch of March , 1841 . On the night ef the ' ¦ 'l&h of April , when about 250 miles from Newfouudland , she struck , as is supposed , on an island of ice , and sank in about an hour . Thirty-one persons , who had remained on board , perished . Of the remainder of the passengers and Bailors , forty-two had got into
the long-boat , and the captain , with eight of hia crew and a passenger , were in the jolly-boat ; On the following morning the boats separated to make the best of their way to land , and so crowded was the long-boat , that the mate , at parting , said to the captain that he saw no alternative for them but to cast lot" who should go over . Although the sea was calm , baling was constantly necessary ; but at night the wind freshed and the rain waa violent ; the boat leaked , aifd the waves were dashed into it , so that , according to the witnesses for the defence , the danger was great aii d inevitable , alhough those for the prosecution did not believe it to be imminent . It seems to have been admitted on all hands ( at least it was not denied by the witnesses for the
prosecution ) that the boat was sinking , and that the gunwale was within two inches of the water ' s edge . In this extremity , the expedient * of lightening the boat by throwing over of passengers was resorted to , and on the following morning two others were thrown Over , but by whom does not appear to have bsen satisfactorily proved , some swearing that it was one individual , some another . The case was warmly argued on both sides , the prosecution contending that no case-of inevitable necessity had been made out , and that ' the law applied onl y to cases much more extreme than this . The defence allged , that they had fully established a case of inevitable
necessity , and tnere was every presumption to believe , that if ; they had not resorted to the melancholy alternative of throwing some overboard , they would all have inevitably perished . Here the case rested , when the Judge charged the Jury that the obligation of the captain and crew to carry the passengers safe extended even to a case of such imminent peril , and they were bound to sacrifice their own lives ; if necessary , for the preservation of the rest . The Jury , after a consultation of twenty hours , found Holmes guilty , but unanimously recommended him to tho mercy of the Court . Judge Baldwin said , that their recommendation Bhould have the most respectful consideration .
The Poor and the Grave .- —If any additional proof could be required to establish thefact tiia 6 ' tho poor in this country are less cared for than brnte animals , we might find it in the following disgusting realities : —It seems that for a considerable time past a serious mortality has raged among the labouring classes in the little town of Sutton-in-AshfieW , Nottinghamshire , through a species of low fever , produced by want of necessary food . This , one would think , is sad enough tor the survivors , and it is riot only most lamentable , but most disgraceful also , to us that we must add to this calamity among families the inhuman treatment to which the bodiea . of the poor victims are subjected . For want of space in the churchyard of this place , graves have
been opohed--remams exhumed—tho human bones , and even portions of sculls , with hair yet on , have been thrown at random about the desecrated precinct , that a few shovels full of earth might , for form sake , bo thrown over the last inmate of a parish grave . This ,, thenj , being the way in which we treat the remains of our poor brethren , can we wonder at the following companion picture , as it regards our humanity and decency towards foreigners , if poor / It appears that the unfortunate Lascars , who are , from time . to . time , brought to this blessed land of cant and cruelty by the agents of the East India Company , are not only abandoned to partial starvation upon
their arrival , but , if they should sink under'the united hardships of our climate and their sufferings , they are left to do as they may . No consolation is afforded them- ~ no pious , forty-horse power torigued spouter of Oriental literature addresses them—no man cares for either their souls or bodies ! arid , if they die , they are ; buried like rotten cattle at Bow Common' la not this horrible ! Can our Exeter Hall saints—our missionaries—our guides to heaven look in each other ' s faces withoui ; blushing ? If they can , they are bronzed indeed—and pitiable is the condition of those who look to them for an example of Christianity . —London paper .
Distributing Bills against the Army in Bir-AIIKGHAM . —BlBSHNGHAM , SaTUBDAY EVENING . —This morning , at the Police-office , the magistrates were engaged investigating a charge against a man named Samuel Hines , which caused considerable interest . The room was quite full , and amongst those present were Mr . Joseph ; Sturge , some of the officers of the staff , and many of the Society of Friends . Serjeant Walter Cronen , of the 1 st Royal Foot Guards , appeared to prefer the complaint ; and stated that he was on duty in Smithfield the day before , beating up for recruits , when he was interrupted by a great crowd , who collected around him and his party . He saw the prisoner delivering a great quantity of bills among the people , who were using violent language .
He heard the mob say , "To hell with the Queen , " "To hell with the Government , " " To hell with tho soldiers . " He applied to one of the head officers of police to know what he should do , and was told that he must apprehend the prisoner , or any man who obstructed him in the exercise of his duty . He then proceeded / through the ' fair , and the prisoner came close to him delivering his bills , and he ( witness ) took one of them out of his hands , and found it was an advice to the people not to enlist . It was headed . "'Hints to the Army , " and all through was against enlisting . When he saw the nature of the bill , and fouud his passage obstructed by tho people , he took hold of the prisoner and brought him into tho ranks of his party , and then called a
police officer , and gave him into custody . He could not swear th © prisoner was with the mob when he made use of the language against the government and the soldiers . The prisoner did obstruct him by causing a crowd to assemble around him . He { the sergeant ) was not a police-officer , but he considered that it was his bouhden ' duty , a $ a soldier , to protect the government ; and when he found the nature of the bills whioh were being delivered out , he thought he ought to take the prisoner up . Mr . Morgan , the prisoner ' s attorney , crosseaamined the sergeant , who . said he should not have interfered with the prisoner had it not been for the bills which he was delivering . He caused a great crowd to assemble about him , and the people obstructed him in his passage . Mr . Gem , the miagisirate ' s clerk , said there was quite sufficient against the prisoner to warrant the magistrate in remandinsr
mm , until they could learn from the Crown what was to be done with him . They must take the opinioa of the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals upon the subject . Police constable 173 then produced a large bundle of hand-bills , which h « tookj diot of the prisoner ' s apron . One of them was headed , ' ! Rhymes for the army ; blood , battle , and plunder . ' * The second was the case of a poor woman , named Crassman , a soldier ' s wife , who applied some time ago for relief to the magistrates of London j having been left in a state of great distress by her husband , and who lately left this country for India . Mr . Gem said the prisoner could bo admitted to bail to appear to answer any charge which might be preferred against him , on tho receipt of the government instructions . Mr . Morgan said Mr . Sturgo would be bail for the prisoner's appearance . Mr . Joseph Sturge then rose and entered into £ 20 surety for the prisoner ' s appearance , Hines also bound himself in the same Bum , and left the office . —London Paper .
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Wonderful Escape . —On Wednesday evening one of the most frightful occurrences we ever rememberto have seen ; occurred in Bridlesmith-gitej in , this town . The procession conduoting Mr . Sturge , was turning the corner of Middle-pavement , and many hundreds lined Bn'tflesmJth- ^ ate , when a cry was raised of " clear oat , ' * and in the distance a horse and light cart in which sat a farmer cams tearing along the street at a furious pace . ^ The farmer kept his seat well—he pulled with all his might at the reifis , but to no ; purpose—the animal still tore on at full gallop , in spite of the waviug of hands and hats to stop him . At the end of Bridlefimith-gate , the driver tried to turn him to the left / but without avail s as he darted with his head and the shafts with immense force against the front of Mr , Johnsons ' , the Postern-gate . The crash
seemed as . if it would dash the cart to pieces , but itt the most wonderfal manner the driver kept his seat — -the horse turred himself round and walked very , gently , and the oart was aninjured . In turning round , the horse knocked a woman down iuto the gutter , and drew the cart over her , before he could be stopped . Accidently , hovyever , she had a thick cloak on , which saved her from a broken limb . The horso seemed quite stunned withstrikiag his head with such force , and to that may be atr tributed . his quietness afterwards . Never did we nee or hear of an accident evidently so appalling , ending so well . ITie course of the cart lay amongst hundreas of people , thickly collected , and yet only one was hurt . Had he turned into Middle-pavement no doubt many lives would have bseh lost . The cart had on it James Martin , farmer , Burton . —Notting ham Rcnitw .
Distressing Occurrence . —Two Lives Lost . — ChathaMj . May 19 . —This day a Jury assembled at the Duncan ' s Head public house , New Road , Chatham , to investigate the circumstances attendant upon the death of two men , named Thomas Turner aiid William Taylor , whose lives were lost on Monday night last ; whilst emptying a cesspool in Beststreet The first witness examined was Robert Taylor , brother of the deceased , William Taylor ; He stated that his brdsher was a bricklayer , and had been eniployed in making a cesspool adjoining to another . cesspool , on the premises of Mr . Farmer , Best-street . The new cesspool was nineteen feet deep , and the old one nine feet . A stage was erected in the new one , about nine feet below the snrfaca
of the earth . On Monday night the deceased , Wm . Taylor and Thomas Turner , wont down into the hole and made an aperture , and the slough run through . Witness remained aboye . After which : witness ' s brother , with a crowbar , enlarged the hole , and the stuff run out faster ; very soon afterwards witness heard his brother cry out , " Dear me , I can hardly breathe , " when almost in an instant he fell into the soil . Witness called to Turner , and said , " For God ' s sa , ke , put the rope down and fetch him up , " Turner did so ; he , however , fell in also . Mr . Dunstall , who was then on the stage , sang out for the rope , and before it could be brought up he fell and fainted . *; He did not fall into the soil . Witness and a person named Farmer pulled out Mr . Dunstall . Mr . Dunstall was the master . Every precaution
was taken : a candle was kept burning down in the hold ; they therefore considered there was no danger . Assistance was procured . Witness ' s brother and Turner were got out , but they were quite dead . Witness- can speak positively that both the men understood their work . Deceased ' s brother is thirtyfive years of age , and Turner thirty-four . Mr . Benjamin Tribe , surgeon , said he was . sent for on Monday evening , a quarter before ten o ' elock . Saw the deceased , Taylor , immersed in the sewer with his head- out of the fluid . The body having beea brought up , witness found the deceased was dead . Turner , when brought up , was also dead . ' Their , deaths were produced by suffocation , by inhaling a quantity of gas . The Jury , after some little consideration , returned a yerdict— ' * Accidentally suffocated . "
The Great Western Bteam-ship , Lieutenant Hosken , R . N ., sailed on Saturday aft * moon , from Liverpool for New York . She carried sixty-five passengers , amongst whom was Mr . H . Palmer . She had a fair quantity of fine goods on freight .
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From the London Gazette of Friday , May 20 . Thomas Brettell , Rupert-street , Haymarket , printer , to surrender May 27 , at 1 o ' clock , July 1 , at 12 , at the Banicrupta' Ce . utt . Solicitor , Air . Arden , Red Lion Square . Official assignee , Mr , Belcher .. - . ; William Smith , Curtain-road , Shoreditcb , timber mercbantj May 27 , at 12 o ' clock , July 1 , at l , at the Bankrupts Court . Solicitor , Mr . Surman , New-square ,. Lincoln * s-inn . Official assignee , Mr . Belcher . >¦*¦ : ' ¦' - . ;' . . " * -. - ' .. . ¦ — :- ' " . ; . ¦ . - .. . : Alexander Duncan , Cowper ' s-coart , Corri-Mll , merchant , May 31 , at half-past 1 o ' clock , July 1 , at 2 . at the Bankrupts' Court . Solicitor , Mr . Kitkman , Ein « WilHam-street . Official assignee , Mr . PennelL
John Stewart , Hampton-street , Walworth , linendraper , May 31 , at 1 o ' clock , July 1 , at 11 , at the Bankrupts' Court . Solicitor , Mr . Reynolds , Adamatroot , Adelphi , Official assignee , Mr . Graham , Baainghall-streBt . * ; . ¦ ' . , - . ¦ ¦¦* : ' .. '¦ - - . ¦¦•• .: ; - /• ¦¦ * •*¦ ' . ' ¦ .. ' ¦*¦ .. William Hooper , Reading , tobacco manufacturer , May 27 , July 1 , at 11 o ' clock , at the Bankrupts' Court . Solicitors , Messrs . Adllngton ,. Faulkner , and Follett , Beaford-row . Official assignee , Mr . Edwards , Fredericfc ' s-placei Old Jewry . John Rowley , senior , Wolverhampton , curry-cemb maker ,- M-ay 31 , July 1 , at 11 o ' clock , at the Swan Hotel , Wolverhampton . Solicitors , Messrs . Hicfe and Marriss , and Mr . Chaplin , ( Jray ' s-inn-square ; and Messrs . Turner and Corser , Wolverbampton .
William Thorpe , G-oole , stone-mason and builder , May 31 i July 1 , at 12 o ' clock , at the Guildhall , Douca 3 ter . ¦ Solicitors , Messrs . Galsworthy , and Nicholls , Cook ' s-court , Lincoln ' a-inn ; and Mr . Wilson , Gooie . ' ¦ ' : '¦" : ' ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ : ; * .: - . - ¦¦ ; . :. - ,. .. ¦ ¦ ¦ * ;; - . ¦ John Smith , Huddersfleld , wine and spirit merchant , June 10 , July 1 , at 2 o ' clock , at the Pack Horse Inn , Huddersfleld . Solicitors , Messrs . Battye , Fisher , and Sudlow , Chancery-lane ; and Mr . Scholes , Dewsbury . - ¦' ' . * . - ¦ . ' . ; - ¦ ¦ ' - .. ¦ '¦' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' : ¦ ¦ - . - ¦ . ; ' .: ' ¦ '¦ * ¦ ¦ : James Irvine , Liverpool , salt-broker , June 6 , July 1 , at 1 o ' clccki at the Clareudon-rooms , Liverpool . Solicitors , Messrs . Vincent and Sherwood , Temple ; and Messrs . Littledale and Bardsweil , Bank-buildings , Liverpool . '¦*' ¦ . . "
Moses New , Great Malvern , Worcestershire , innfeeeper , May 27 , ; July 1 , at 12 e ' clock , at the Crown Inn , Worcester , Solicitors , Messrs . White and Eyre , Bedford-row ; and Messrs . Finch and Jones , Worcester . : ' " . : * . ¦ -.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED . J . Walker and Son , Leeds , timber . merchants .--Manley , Parry , and Co . Manchester , linen thread-manufacturers , —Williamson and Thistleton , Kingston-npon-Hull , ginger-beer" manufacturers . —Black , Sleigh , and Co ., Liverpool , brokers . —Cochrane and Gittins , Manchester , ruanufacturers . —J . Briggs , sen . and C . Horseman , Blackburn , Lancashire , cheese-dealera . —Buckley Barnsley , and Co ., Mancheateri engravers to calico printers ; as far as regards J . Buckiey . —Graham and Son , Liverpool , tailors .
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From ihe Gazette of Tuesday , May * 24 . Adam Telfer , smith , Praed-street , Paddington , to surrender June 3 , and July 5 , at balt-paat 11 , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Alaagar , official assignee , Basinghall-stre . et ; Tirge , Essex-8 te 6 Bt , Strand . William f inden and Edward Francis Finden , engravers , Southampton-place , New-roadt Pancras , Middlesex , June 3 , at 1 , and July 5 , at 11 , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Johnson , official assignee , Basinghall-Btreet ; Johnson , Cannon-st . ' . : Mary Quick , baker , Compton-street , Burton-Crescent , Jnne 3 , at 12 , and July 5 , at 11 , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Turquand , official assignee ; Drake , Bouveriestreet , Fleet-street . . John Radford , upholsterer , Tiverton , June 21 , and July 5 , at 12 , at the Old London Inn , Exeter . Fox , Flnabury-circuB , London . Tanner , Crediton , Devon . ' ' .. * ¦ - .- ¦ \ ¦ * ¦ ¦¦ ¦ . ' : ' ¦ ¦ ¦ . " ¦' ¦ : ' . ' ¦ .
Robert Attree , hosier , Brighton , June 3 , and July 5 , at 2 , at the Town Hall , Brighton . Freeman , Bethaiuley , and Bentall , Coleman-sireet , Loadoo . Chalk , Briebton . ¦ ¦¦' . ¦" ., . - :. ^ . . ** . .-James Smith ; wine merchant , Hertford , June 3 , at 2 ; and July 5 , at 12 , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Lackington / official : assignee , Coleman-street-buildings . Everitt , Haydon . square , Minories . John Berry , grocer , Rugby , Warwickshire , June 8 , and July 5 / atll , at the Grazler \ s Arms , Rugby . Wratislaw , Rugby . FuJler and Saltwell , Carlton-chambera , Resent-street , London . . ¦ , ,. . Robert Biass . -wine merchant , Liverpool ,. June 3 , and July 5 , at 12 , at the Clarendon-rooms , Liverpool . Dimmock , sise-lane , Bucklersbury , London , Fairclougb , Liverpool . ' : > ..: * . '" . / • ¦" . '" ''¦ * * ,.. * . ' ^ L : ' , - ' mercbantHeath Carnock
. John Tattereall , coal , , Lancashire , June 15 , and July 5 , at eleven at the Town Hall , PreBton . Adlington , Gregory , Faulkner , and Follett , Bedford-row , London . Stringfellow , William Gover Gray , dentist , Bath , June 6 , and JulJ 5 , at 12 , at the Christopher Inn , Bath , Sheppard , Castle-street , Holborn , London . WilllamDonald , furrier , Brighton , May 28 , and July 5 , at 12 . at the Town Hall , Brighton . Bennett , Brighton . Rioharda and Walker , Idncoln ' 8-inn-fleldfl , London . ¦ * - ¦ . : ¦ ¦ ; v . ¦ ' ¦ :- .: '¦ . ¦ ¦; . ¦ *¦ ' ¦; - . '¦ . - * .:, ¦ . . . ' ; - ' ¦ ¦ James SimmonB , John Simmons , and John Pine , manufacturers of prusBiate of potoBb , Battetsea , May 31 , at 1 , and July 5 , at 12 , at the Court of BanKruptcy . Green , official assignee , Aldernianbury . Lindsay and Ma Bon . Cateaton-street ;
James Fuller , coal-merchant , Maidenhead , Berkshire , June 7 , at 2 , and July 5 , at 11 , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Edwards , Frederick ' s-place , Old Jewry , official assignee . Fry , Lesley , and Fry , CheapsideV . - ¦ : '¦' .- ' .: ' ; . - - - '¦ . - ¦¦¦ .- ' ; ,- ¦ ¦ ¦ . - ' : ¦ . ¦ :: . " . - . - . Jane Jones , woollen-draper , Carnarron , June 11 , ana July 5 , at ili at the Eagles Inn , Carnarvon . Griffith . Carnarvon . Jones , Parliament-street , London . ¦/¦¦ :.-. Joseph Cotterell , hinge mSkeTj TfarlaBton , J » ° *« - Bhire , June IS . and July 6 , at 12 , at the Svfan Hotel , Jn Wolverhampton . Chaplin , Gray ' s-tan-squBre , lonaon . S » urrier and Cbaglin , BirminghaBJ ,
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"To the Right Hon . Sir James Graham , Secretary of State for the Home Department . " The memorial of the members of the National Chartea Association residing in Brighton , agreed to at a General Meeting of the Association , April 27 th , 1841 . "Humbly Showeth , —That at the York Spring Assizes , in 1840 , Samuel Holberry was convicted of conspiracy and sedition , and sentenced to four years ' imprisonment in the Houbb of Correction at Northallerton . " That the effect of this imprisonment , —the rigours 6 t the silent system having been strictly enforced , —became alarmingly injurious to the health and future safety of the said prisoner ' s life .
" That subsequently , under your administration as Home Secretary of State , the said prisoner was removed from the Northallerton House of Correction to York Castle , where it was hoped—nay , gratefully believed by your memorialists and other friends of the Baid Samuel Holberry—was less injurious , and that he would there recover from the effects of his former severe treatment " That it is now become too manifest that the prison discipline at York Castle is fast destroying the said prisoner ' s health , and that unless timely mercy be shewn him , his life must be endangered ; for , to use hi * own werda , ' his debility has so rapidly increased that he can hardly crawl , and death itself must be the consequence of continued imprisonmeat '
" That whatever opinions may be entertained as to the enormity of the offence for which the said S . Holberry was convicted , it cannot be disputed that he has , during the two years of his confinement most severely p 3 id the penalty of his conviction , that if to punish was the object of the sentence passed on him h « has endured punishment in one of its worst and most DESTRI'CTIVE F 6 RMS . '' That , therefore , your petitioners earnestly solicit yonr interference on his behalf , and that , under the consideration of the punishment he has endured , and of the precarious state of his health , you will intercede for his release from confinement , and by timely restoring him to freedom and to the bosom of society , confer a benefit on him for which not only he , but thousands ef his fellow men will be deeply grateful . " And your memorialists , as in duty bound , &c 4 c ,
" Signed on behalf of the meeting , " John Page , ChairmaD "Brighton , April 27 th , 1842 . "
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TO THE EDITOE OF THE NOETHERN STAB . Sia , —By giving insertion to the following corres pond ence in answer to a memorial from the Brighton Chartists , praying for the release of Samuel Holberry from York Castle , you will oblige the friends of that perseca ' ei victim of Whig despotism in Brighton . Your ' s , truly , N . Morlikg , Sub-Secretary . Brighton , May 22 nd , 1842 . " London , May 9 , 1842 . SIR , —I did not receive your letter of the 7 th inst until my arrival in tawn this evening , and I beg yon will assure the Association , that I will not lose a moment in forwarding their Memorial to the Secretary of State , on behalf of Samuel Holberry , and to urge Sir James Graham to « omply with the prayer thereof .
I shall have tba honour of advising you of the result as soon as I can obtain an official reply to my application . I am , sir , Your very obedient servant , Geo . R . Pechell . Mr . Robt Colling , Brighton . " London , May 13 th , 1842 . " Sib , —Herewith I have the honour to forward a copy of the reply from the Secretary ef State to the memorial which I placed in his hands on behalf of Samuel Holberry , now a prisoner in York Castle , and I much regret to send you a communication of so unsatisfactory a nature . " I Temain , Sir , " Your very faithful servant , "GEO . R . FECHELL . " " Mr . R . Colling , Brighton . "
REPLY TO 1 HK MEMORIAL . " Whitehall , 12 th May , 1842 . " Sir , —Secretary Sir James Graham baving carefully considered your application in behalf of Samuel Holberry , I am Erected to express to you his regret that thbre is ne sufficient ground to justify him , consistenly with his public duty , in advising bar Majesty to comply with the prayer thereof . " I am , Sir , " Your most obedient humble servant , " S . M . Phillipps . " Capt Pechell , R . X ., M . P . " At a meeting of the members of the National Charter Association , on Wednesday evening week , the foregoing having been read , a vote of thanks was unanimously passed to the Gailant Captain for his exertions in behalf of poor Helberry .
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AN ADDRESS ADOPTED BY THE DELEGATES ASSEMBLED AT DARLINGTON , ON SUNDAY , MAY 22 , 1842 . Brother Chartists and Working Men , —We are now arrived at a crisis in the history of our country ¦ which will in after ages characterize us as a nation of tame , submitting slaves , or a society of men determined to exhaust every means within our power to shake off the yoke of slavery . We have now gained a position which depends on our own exertions to maintain . We have proved to the world the possibility of instituting a national organization of the working classes . We have done much ; we have rallied in thousands , nay mil i' > na ; we have already concentrated a power in itself irresistable . But much as we have accomplished we have more to achieve .
Think not , working men , that th ^ gigan pyramid of wronga which it has taken a thousand years to erect C 3 n be overwhelmed instantly . Through endeavours prolonged , through difficulties immense , through perils innumerable , you must work out your emancipation . This is no time to relax our exertions for liberty , when thousands o £ our fellow creatures are dyini ; for want of the common comforts and necessaries of life . Where is the man styling himself a Christian , that has perused the debate on the National Petition in the House ef Commons on the 3 rd of May ; where we find statements made by Mr . Thomas Duncombe , M . P . for Finsbury , of
• j j \ i i | i \ i I j human beings eating a cow tbat had died by disease to j satisfy the cravings of nature ? Good God ! that statei ment alone ought to raise every patriot band , and bring j a bnrst of execration from every patriot tongue . Where | is the Englishman that has recognized the insults ! and libels that were put forth by Mr . Thomas j Babington Macuulay , on the above mentioned dei bate , tbat is not determined to shew to the world that we will not bear - . insults without shewing at least a spirit of resentment by redoubling j our exertions to gain Universal Suffrage , which that gentleman so much dreads ?
Fellow-men and fellow-slaves , do we not behold on the summit of our social system , or rather unsocial system , a gorgeous court ani a grinding and grasping aristocracy fixing their deadly and merciless fangs on . the sinews of industry , and coining the blood of labour into gold for their own selfish pleasures and their unscrupulous debaucheries ; and baneatb . them will we not sae the great mercantile capitalists , whose enormous fortunes enable them to command the commerce of the world , vie in splendour and magnificence with those whose
; ! , i . f ; bosoms glitter with the stars of nobility ? Descending a 1 step further "we will perceive the middle class man , and ! amongst them many ef the learned professions shine ! conspicuously , fluttering about in all the extravagance of ¦ riches . Proceeding further we will observe a multii tude of petty speculators , all pressing forward on the ; track of avarice ; and at the bottom of this we will ; behold the great industrious community on whose labour all these diadems and stars , all the princely 1 establishments , aad all this fashionable luxury , extravagance , waste , and money gathering depends .
But here reader pause ; the scene is sadly changed , for the millions who produce all , and consequently give value to all by their labour , wear the threadbare robe of poverty . Destitution speaks too plainly in their aspects ; their homes are embittered by domestic cares and enibsrasfiments ; tbe fond glow of love is chilled by the frozen breath of adversity , and the parent love is appalled by the contemplation of the fufure . The benevolent spirit of nature is counteracted here , for tbe cheek of youth is made pale by labour , it being unprotected , and consequently not rewarded . The vigour of manhood is destroyed by excessive toil , and the white head of venerable old age is bowed down to the grave with poverty and neglect But does the evil rest here ? No , no ; poverty , like a desolating plague , is shedding its contaminating influence around us , and multitudes of those who seem to flourish in the higher circles of society are becoming its victims .
Those would-be wise Corn Law Repealers wish to give ! us eheap bread ; at the same time , they are reducing i onr wages , depriving us of purchasing , no matter how ; cheap it may be . Working men , always bear in mind : the cheapness of any article at all times consists in the means we have at our command to purchase ; therefore , ! we want Universal Suffrage first . And also recollect : that , -while the landlords rob us of 120 millions , the profit-mongers take from us 450 millions : therefore it ia ' only a struggle between them both which party will : take tbe whole ; and as long as thieves in common take j all they can s «) Z 9 , it matters not to us ( the working ; classes ) who shares the booty , bow they Bhare it , or in I what proportion .
; Let it be our object to annihilate the gang , and ! destroy tbe system that perpetuates the robbery . We i can only destroy the system by struggling for the 1 power ; that power is the Charter . That obtained it 1 'would be the means of not only doing away with the high rents of landlords , but in a great measure put a j check on the tyranny of the master manufacturers , by ' throwing the mantle of the law around the working ! man , by making laws to protect his property , which ' . is his labour , from the rapacious grasp of human vampires .
Fellow-men and fellow-slaves , come forward in the majesty of your strength , and be determined , on your part , to act like men and like Chartists . Let us have
Untitled Article
Emigration to Ahebjca . —On Wednesday morning week , tbe Ontario , one of the regular New York liners , left the north qaay of the St . Katharine ' s Dock , with nearly 300 passengeis on board . The emigrants were principally persons from the conntry , who had been engaged in agricultural pursuits , and who , in the hope of bettering their condition in another and distant country , have left their father land .
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Untitled Article
THE NORTH ERST STAR . f
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 28, 1842, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct432/page/7/
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