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Northern Star (1837-1852), 31st December 1842, Edition 2 of 5, Page 6

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      10 TH £ SENATE A !? D HOCSK OF HEPBrSTXTATITrS OF THE DMXED STATES . : We ' itv continued reason to express our profound gia'ifj-. t > ihe ^ Te ? . i Creator of &I 1 things for fcuaibtrloss t-r-v-ti- . s coiJtrreu upon us . as a pecple . ~ BIssscd ¦ witfc i- ¦ c " . ' seasora , tt-3 bnaMne-uian has hia earners filled v •_ - abonoanee , and tbf EK ^ ssiries of life , not to -sj-fj > of it * ' n ^ ari' ? , abound in every direction . Wfc-r i : v 3 me . c-Ui » -r nati ^ as . « ci'iy sxi industrious lab ur i . 2 . Lanf > y find ths mean * of subsistence , the grc -tes ; . _ ? il which ve have to encounier is a surplus of prc * ' -- "" - . < T * beyond the hese drCiaid , ¦ which seek :-, anii wiu ; G fficn ) ty Smi * . a partial market in other

      teiionr . TL- ; heahb vi th * c-- > u : try , ¦ Siib . partial exoepii ' . i .- has for tbe jii » t yeir b * vn ¦ well jireerrvea ; and m ' rr their free an-. l wire invitations , tLe TJiiiteJ Si-t ^ s rt r . pi ^ ly adrannmj ta ~ ard 3 the consummation of the In c de-tiay vraicJi an overruling Providence Beercs - . i > -.-. re n . trk . i oai for tlirui . Exempt from dome * -: c c . j- .. vu ! si- > n wi'i at ptfiie -with the world , we axe l « fl free to eoa * ult as to the best means of securing and a'H ; i > ..- nj ; tha impriness of the people . Such axe the circumstance ! nnuer which yon now assemble in your r ^ pjcUTe Chi . 'i >> erc , ard whicii should lrad us to unite m pnise and lo&nksgmng to th ? sreut Beini wLo made us , and who preserves us as

      sanon . I congratulate yon , ftllow dozens , on the hsppy ehange in the aspeet of onr foreign f . ff ^ irs- since my last aam-ai message . Causes of complaint at thst time existed between the United States and Grerit BritaiL ; vhich . -rtended fey irritating circumstances , threatened ec 3 t seriously tee public peace . The diiScultv of adju * : in * amicably the questions at issue between the two countries was in no small degree augmented by tile iip = e uf time since they bid their origin . The Opinions . intartained by the Executive on several of tte leaai -stjpics in dispute Were frankly set forth in the Mes- ^ r at the opening of yonr late session . * The appointsi-mi r > f ~ a special Minister by Great Britain to tfee Uait-J S » tes with power to negeciate apon most

      c £ the p ira Df diff-renes , indicated a _ desire on her part am-i . fcly to ad j oat them , and that Minister was met by tLe Execntive in ths same Bpirit which had dictitcd hi 3 mission . Tde treaty consequent thereon , baring b « n dul ^ utifled by the teo -Governments , a copy . toother with the correspondence which accompanied it , ia herewith communicated- I trust that whilst y . -i tcsv sea in it nothing objectionable , it may be the m . a ^ s uf preserving , for an indefinite period , the aioicabii r ^ b . tiocs happily txlstici between th 9 two &OTrmir « : Ts . The qasstions of peace or way between the Unitoi States and Great Britain , is a question of the deer *< t interest , not only to themselves , but to the civilized world , since it is scarcely possible that a ^ ras ccsuM exist between them without entfangmeg

      the peace of Cbriatendom . Tlie ircmsdLte effect of the trF 3 ty upon onrselTes will be felt in the Becurity < . ff-rded to mfercontile enterprise , which , no longer Ljirfchensive of interruption , adTer-tnres its zpacnlati . rs in the most distant sea ; and freighted with the diversified productions of erery land , -returns to Keas our vwn .- Taare is nothing in the treaty vUib . in tbre a \ i ^ ti > . e . Mi degrew , compromises the honour gi digsity of eithpr nation . Next to the settlement of the boundary line , which mosb always be a matttr . 1 . £ ; ulty bsiween States as jnaifldual * . the qnestion— -w > i ; eh seen-ed to threaten the greatest emtnxrt * s ! L-: £ , Tras that connected with the African al&Te tri ^^ . By tfct lOjh article of the Treaty of Ghent it was the

      erpresaly ^• sc ^ ared ' whereas traffic in slaTss is irrecoTtciiaible wish tha principles of humanity and justice ; and -whereas both his ilsj ^ sty and the United States » re desirons of continuing their eff-. rts to promote its t-u * ire abolition , it is hereby agretd that both tfce eefitracticg parties shall use their best endti-ours to acconip ! i » h so desirable an object . ' * In the enforcement of the laws and treaty stipulations &f Great Britain , a practice h ; u * tbre&teced to- grotr up on tile part cf its cruisers , cf subjecting to visitation ships tailing order ths Amdiean fla ? , which , "while it seriously ir . Telred oar maritime rights , woald enbj-ct to Texstion a branch of cur trade which was dally increasing , and which required the fostering care of the GrremiBHit . Asd although t » rd Aberdeen , in bis ccrreipcodenee ¦ with the American Envoys at Xrondon , expressly disclaimed all right to detain an American ahip on the fc ' gh Best even U foand with a cargo of alaves en board , and ratrictad the British pretensions

      to a mere ciaim to -visit aiid inquire , yet it could not well be discerned by the Exscntjve of the United States bow such vi £ ; t and irquiry coald be mad * without detention ou tb . e TO 5 &ge , and eonwquf-nUy interruption to the trade , it wm regarded as ths right of search , pre-Bented only in a new form , and expressed in different irords ; and 1 therefore felt it to be my duty distinctly to declarei , in my manual message to Congress , ttat so such concession cculd fce made , and that the United States had both the wiU and the ability to enforce their own ' sws and to protect their flag from beia ? used for purposes wholiyVorbidden by those laws , and obnoxiju * ^ 5 the moral censure of the world . XaMug the Mssuxe as his ie % iet of instructions , x > nr then Minister at Paris felt hireself rtqnu * d to assume the same grouud in a Temanstrance - « hieh he Mfc it to be tis duty u > prestst to M . Gna-Jt , and through him to the K ' . nji of the French , against wbat has been called tlie Quintaple ' irsaty ; and his conduct in this xeepfact met - * ith ths approval of this Government

      In CiOSd ccufanaity wub these -viu-ws the eighth article of the treaty was framed , which provides' that " each ruitwn shall keep afloat in the African seas a force of i » -1 I .-se than tighty s ^ ns , to act separately and apart , und-. r instructions from their respective Gortmments , and for tho enfercemsnt of their respective laws asd o-. iightioiiB . From this it win be asen that the srca&d assumed in the Message baa been fulsy Hiaiatviisj . at the same time that the stipulations of the Treaty * i Ghtr : t art to be carried cut in good faith by tL » ts \< couutrles , and that all pretence is removed for inte fcj- ace with our ewnBicrca for any purpose ¦• rha ' er r sj i forsi gn eovemment While , therefore ,

      the Cnitv-l States have been standinif np for the freedom of the fcjas , ttey have not thought proper to make that a pict-xt for avi-Iding a fulfilment . of their treaty st 5 pn ! atic-5 a . cr a crouad for giving counterance to a trade reprobated by cur laws . A rfmn » r arKcgement by the ether great Potters could not fail to 8 W : ep from the Mean the slave 'jade , without the interpolation tf any ii £ ; w r-rincipie intj tiis maritime code . We may be permitted to hope ibzi the example Qius 6 =: will be followed cy seme , if noi all cf them . We thereby also afford = civ 3 bie protection to the fair , trader in tiiose se ^ s . thus fdSJIing e . t rhe » m » time the dictates of a sound p-. icy . and complying with the claims tf justice and hnu-. nity .

      Toe iiessage then refers to the setUemEnt o ! tie bonndary question , and next observes as follows : — With the other Powers of Ea . ope our relations continue on f '; 5 most amicable footing . Treaties nev existing with rtexa should be rigid iy obserreS , and every opportoimj compatible with the interests of the United States , should be Seized upon to enlarge the basis of commercial interctmnse . Ptace with all the world is the true foundation « f onr policy , -which can only be-rendered permanent by the practice of equal and impartial

      jcsticfc to an . Oar great desire should be to enter only Into th » t riTaby which looks to the general good , in the cultivation of the sciences , the enlargement * of the field tor the exarcue of the mechanical arts , and the spread of commerce—that g . ea * civiliser—to every land and tea . Carefully abstaining from interference in all questions exclusively referring themselves to the political interests of Europe , wb inaj be petmitUd to hope an equal exemption from the interference of European Governmen t * in what relate * to the States of the American continent

      The balaaee in th « Treasury on th * 1 st of January 1942 lexeluire of ths aooast depoaifced with the States , Trust Funds , and Indemnities ) , was S 30 , 48 Sdol . 68 c . The receipts into the Treasury daring the three quarters of the present year , from all Boarm , amount to 16 , 616 , 593 dollan 78 c ; of which more than 14 , 000 , 000 ¦ w ere received from euatoma and about 1 , 000 , 000 from the public landj . The ^ neelpis far the fourth quarter m esamated at aeufe . 4 $ M . 000 ; of which 4 , 000 , 000 K » expected from -Onivtj ^ tad three millions and a ba « from LoaM aadTwapfyjaota * . The expendituree flftbe first three qpmr&Ka ^ it tfaa preaeul year exceed tmmtf-dx mUiiont ; lad Jbow estimated for the footfa gairteiMB « iBttoi * oat # l | hi miliioos : and it

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      it anticipated there will be a deficiency of half a million on the 1 st of January next—but that the amount of outstanding warrants ( estimated at 800 , 000 dollars ) will leave an actual balance of about 225 , 000 dollars in the Treasury . Among the expenditures of the year are more than eight millions for the public debt , and 600 , 000 dollars on account of the distribution to the States of the proceeds of the public lands . The present tariff of duties was somewhat hastily and hurriedly passed near the close of last session of Congress . That it should have defects can , therefore be surprising to no one . To remedy such defects as > may be fcuud to exist in many of its numerous provisions , will not fail to claim yonr serious sttention . It m » 7 welt merit inquiry , whether the exaction of all duties in cash does not call for the introduction of a system which has proved highly beneficial in countries where it has been adopted . I refer to the warehousing

      system- The first ard most prominent effect which it would produca would be to protect the market alike against reduBdrait or deficient supplies of foreign fabrics —both cf which , in the long rua are injurious as well to the manufacturer as the importer . The quantity of goods in store being at all times readily known , it wou ;« J enable the importer , with * n approach to accuracy , to ascertain the actual wants of the market , and to regulate himself according !} . If , however , he should fall into error , by importing an excess above the public wants , he could MftdUy correct its evilB by availing himself vf the benefits and advantages of the system thus established . In the Etorebwe the goods imported ¦ wouM a «; iit the demands of the mjikeu , and thbir iB 8 U ~ s would bt governed by the fixed principle of demand ar < d supply . Tens an approximation would be made to a st 6 .: ai : tss Biiti uniformity of pries , which , if attainable <* -oulil Cf-Bdoce to the decided advantage of murcautile sa'i m ? cii 2 Dic-I operations

      Tfc * appTttGnsion may be well entertained that without soui&lhiDK to auisliurate tie rigour of caah paj ments , the entire import trade may fall into tfee hands of a f * w wealthy capitalists in tbis country , and in Europe . The small hepnrter , who regmrea all the money he can raise for investments abroad , and who can but ill afford to pny the lowest duty , would have to subduct in advance a portion of b ' n funds in order to pay th ~ - dutits and wou > d lu&e the interest upon the amount thus paid for all the time the goods might remain unsold , ¦ which might absorb his profits . The rich capitalist abroad , as vrtll as at borne , would thus possess , after a short time , an almost exclusive monopoly of the import trade , sad laws df siened for the benefit of all , would thus operate for the b ^ Dcnt of the few—a result wb » ily

      uncongenial with the spirit ef our Institutions , and antirepuklicon in all its tendencies . Tha warehoimDg system would enable the importer to watch the market , and to select his own time for offering his goods for sale , A preamble portion of the carrying trade Jn aniclta enured for the benefit of drawback must also be moss 6 srk'U ? Iy affected , without the adoption of some expedient to relieve the czib system . The warehonsiD ? sy « t « m wocM afford that relief , since the carrier would havo a E . ifc recourse to tte pablic stceboufes , and might . "Without advancing the duly , re-ship within some reasonable ptnod to foreirn ports . A futther effect of the me : isuro would be to supersede the system of drawbieks , thereby tffectnaL ' y protecting tha Gover nment against fraud , ob the right of debenture would not attach to goods after their withdrawal from the public

      . In revising the existing tariff of duties , should you deem it proper to do so at the present session . I can only repeat the suggestions and recommendations which , upon several occasions . I have heretofore felt it to be my duty to effer to Congress . The great , primary , and controlling interest of the American people is union—union not only in the ru = re forms of Government , forms which may bt > broken—but union founded in an attachment of S ; at « s and individuals for each other . This nnion in sentiment and fefcling can otly b * preserved by the adoption of that course of policy which , neither giving exclusive beutfiu to some , nor imposing unnecessary burdens upoa others , shall consult the interests of all by pursuing a course of moderation , thereby seeking to

      haruiomsa public opinion , and erasing the people every ¦ where , to feeVand to kmow that the Government is carefai of the inttJfcsts of all alike . Nor is there any subject in Teg&T'i to whici moderation , connected with a wise dibcrimination , is more necessary than in the imposition of dutits on imports ; whether reference t > e had to revenue , the primary object in the impoaition of taxes , or to the incidents which necessarily fl- > w from their imposition , ihis is entirely true . Extravagant datiefl defeat their end . ind object , not only by exciting in the public mind an hostility to tha manufacturing interest , but by inducing a system of smuggling on an extensive scale , and the practice of every manner of fraud upon the revenue , which the utmost vigilance of Government cannot actually suppress .

      The report of the Secretaiy of the War Department exhibits a very fall and satisfactory account of the TaricBfi and important interest * committed to the charge of that ofiicer . " It is particularly gratifying to find that the expenditures of the military service are greatly reduced in amount—that a strict system of economy has been introduced into the service and tbe abuses of past years greatly reformed . Tbe fortifications on our uvaritime irontier have b ** n prosecuted T 7 ith much vigour , and at many points our defences are in a very -considerable state of forwardness . The suggestions in reference to

      the establishment of means of communication with our territories on the Pacific , and to tbe surveys so essential to a knowledge cf the resources cf the intermediate country , are entitled to the most favourable consideration . While I would propose nothing inconsistent with friendly negotiations to settle the extent of our claims in that regi on , yet a prudent forecast points outj tbe necessity of such measures as may enable us to maintain our rights . The arrangements made f er preserving oui neutral relations on the boundary between us and Texas , and keeping in check tbe Indians in that quarter , -orill be maintained bo long as slrcumstauces may require .

      The report of the Secretary of the Navy will bring you acquainted with that important branch of the public defences . Considering the already vast and daily increasing commerce of the country , apart from the fcxpoeuxe to hostile inroad of an extended seaboard , all that relates to the navy is calculated to excite peculiar Bttentiun . Whatever ttnds to add to its efficiency , withent entailing unnecessary ebarges upon the Treasury , in well worthy your serious consideration . It will be seen that While an appropriation exceeding by less than a million the appropriations of the present year , is asked by the Sucretary , yet that in this sum is proposed to be included four hundred thousand dollars for the parpo&i of clothiuz , which , when once expended , will

      be annually reimbursed by the sale of the clothes , and ndll thus constitute a perpetnal fond , without any new appropriation to the same eVg-et To this may also be added fifty thousand dollars , asked to cover the average * of past years , and two hundred and fifty collars , in order to maintain a competent squadron on the coast of Africa ; all of which , when deducted , will reduce the expenditures to nearly within the limits of the current ysar . "While , however , tho expenditures will thus remain very nearly tbe same as of the antecedent year , it is proposed to add greatiy to the operations of the Marine , and in lieu of only twenty-five ships in commission , and but little in tbe way ef building , to keep , with the Bame expenditure , forty-one vessels afloat , and to build twelve ships of a small class .

      At peace with all the world , the personal liberty of the en z _ n ascredly maintained , and his rights secured under political inibtitutions , deriving all their authority from ths direct s&uction of the people—with a soil fertile almost beyond example , aoi a country blessed with eTery diversity of climate and production , what remains to be dose in order to advance tta happiness and prosperity of such a people ? Under ordinary circumstanees this inquiry could readily be answered . The best that probably could be done for a people inhabiting such . 1 country , would be to fortify thtir peace and security in tbs prosseotion of their various pursuits , by guarding them against invasion from without and violence from within . The rest , for the greater * part , might be left to their own energy and enterprise . The chief embarrass

      mexits which at the moment exhibit themselves have arisen from ovti action ; and the most difficult task wtich remains to be accomplished is that of correcting and overcoming its effects . Between the years 1833 and 15 < 38 , additions were made to bank capital and bank issues , in the form of notes designed for circulation , to an extent enormously great Tne question ssemed to be , cot how the best currency could be provided , but in what manner the greatest amount of bank paper could be put in circulation . Tl m < a vast amount of what -was called money—since , for ihe time being , it answered the purposes ef money—was thrown upon the country ; an ov » r i&sue -wLich was attended as a necessary consequence , by an extravagant increase of the prices of all article of property , the spread of a speculative

      mania all over the ceuntry , and has finally ended in a general indebtedness on the pirt of the States and IndividntJs , the prostration of publio and private credit , a depreciation ia the market value of real and personal estate , and has left Iarga districts cf country almost entirely without any circulating medium . In view ot the fact that , in 1830 , tie whole bank-note circulation within the United States amounted to but 61 , 323 898 dola ., according to the Treasury Statements , and that an addition had been made thereto of the enormous snra 88 , 000 , 000 dols . in seven years ( the circulation on the lsi of January , 1837 , being stated at 149 185 , 890 dols . ) , aidfcd . by Vhe great facilities afforded in obtaining

      loans from European capitalists , who were aeiswi -with the same speculative mania which prevailed in the United States—aiu the large importation of funds from abroad , the result of stock sales and loans no one can be urprised at tbe apparent , but unsubstantial state of prosperity which everywhere prevailed over tbe land ; and while little cause of surprise should be felt at tbe present prostration of everything , aad tbe ruin which baa befallen so ma :. y of ourfellow-dtiaens in the sodden withdrawal from circulation of so large as amount of bank issues , since 1837—exceeding , as is beUeved , the amount added to tbe paper currency for a similar period antecedent to 1837 , it eaa&ei to be a matter of

      astonishment that such extensive shipwreck should have been made of private fortune * , or that difficulties should / ixirt in meeting thslr engagements on tha part of the debtor States . Apart from which , if there be taken into account tbe immense losses sustained , in the dishobour of amneroas banks , it is less a matter of surprise

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      ^^^^ F m r that Insolvency Bhould have visited many of oar fellow-citissns , than that so many should have escaped the blighting iofiaanca of tbe times . In the solemn conviction of these truths , and with an ardent desire to meet the pressing necessities of tbe ceuntry , I felt it to be my duty to cause to be submitted to you , at tbe commencement of yonr late session , the plan of an Exchequer , the whole power and duty of maintaining which , in purity and vigour , was to be exercised by tbe representatives of the people and the States , and , therefore , virtually by the people themselves . It was proposed to place it under the control and direction of a Treasury board , to consist of three Commissioners , whose duty it should be to see that the law of ils creation was faithfully executed , and that the great end of supplying a proper

      medium of exchange , at all times convertible into gold and silver , should be attained . The board thus constituted was given a 3 much permanency as could bo imported to it , without endangering the proper share of responsibility which should attach to all public agents . In order to insure all the advantages of a well-matured experience , the Commissioners weie to bold their offices for the respective periods of two , four , and Bix years , thereby securing at all times in the management of the Exch ^ yisr , tbe services of tw * men of experience ; and to place them in a condition to exercise perfect independence of mind and action , it was provided that their removal should only take place for actual incapacity or infidelity to the trust , and to be followed by the President with an exposition of the causes uf such removal , should it occur .

      It was proposed to establish subordinate boards in each of tha States , under tbe snrae restrictions and limitations of the power of removal , which , with the cental board , sheuid receive , safely keep , am * , disburse the public moneys ; nnd in order to furnish a Bound papt-r medium of exchange , the Exchequer should retain ct the revenues of the Government a turn not to exceed 5 . 000 , 000 dollars in Bpecie , to be set apart as required by i * -s operations , and to pay the publio creditor at his ovfn option , either in specie or Treasury notes , of denominations not less than five , nor exceeding one hundred dollars , which notes Bbouid be redeemed at the aeveraJ places of issue , and to be receivable at all times and everywhere in payment of Government dues ; with a restraint upon such issue of bills that

      the same should not exceed the vnaimum of 150 . 000 dollars . In order to gnard against all the hazards incident to fluctnations in trade , the Secretary of tho Treasury was invested with authority to issuo 1 . 000 , 000 dollars of Government Stock , should the same at any time be regnrded as necessary , in order to place beyur . d hszvd the promp redemption of the bills which might be thrown into circulation . Thus , in fact , making tbe issue of 15 606 , 000 dollars of Exchequer Bills rest substantially ou 10 , 000 , 000 dollars ; ami kwuping i . i circulation never more than one and one-half dollar * for every dollar in spt-oie . When to this it is added that tha bills are not only everywhere receivable in Government dues , but that tte Gjveraropnt itself would be bound for their ultimate redemption , no

      rational douH can exist that the paper which the Exehtqner wuuia furni 3 h , would roaiiily enter into gtnera circulation , and be maintained at all times at or above par with gold and silver ; thereby realising tbe great want of tbeajja , and fulfilling the wishes of tbe people . In order to reimburse the GaVtrmnent tbe expenses of the plan , it was proposed to invest the Exchequer with the limited authority to deal in bills of exchange , unless prohibited by the Slate in which an agency might be situated , having only , thirty days to run , and resting on a fair and bona fide basis . The Legislative will on this p * int might be so plainly announced ; is to avoid all pretext for partiality or favouritism . It was furthermore proposed to invest this Treasury agent with authority to receive on deposit , to ahtuited amount , the specie funds of individuals , and to grant certificates ,

      therefore , to be redeemed on presentation , nnder tbe idea which is beUeved to be well-founded , that dttcU certificates would con : e in aid of ExcluqiuT-bills in supplying a safe n d ample paper citculbtion . Or , if in place of ths contemplated dealings m exchange , the Exchequer should be authorised not only to exchange its billh for actual deposits of specie , but for specie or its equivalent to sell draftB , charging therefore asumll but reasonable premium , I cannot doubt but that the benefits of tbe Uw would be speedily manifested in tbe revival of the credit , trade , and buiiness of the whole country . Eutert&ining this opinion , it becomes my duty to urge its adoption upon Congress , by reference to the strongest considerations of public interests , with Buch alteration in its details as Congress may , in its wisdom , see fit to make .

      There can be but three kinds of public currency . 1 st , gold and silver ; 2 d , tbe paper of State institutions ; or 3 d , a representative of the precious metals , provided by the general Government , or under its authority . Thesub-Treasury system rejected the last in any form ; aud , as it was believed that no reliance could be plaeud on tbe issues of local institutions , for the purposes of general circulation , it necessarily and unavoidably adopted specie as tba exclusive currency for its own use . And thia must ever be the case unless one of the other kinds be used . The choice , in the present state of public sentiment , lies between an exclusive specie cur * rency ou the one band , aod Government issues of some kind on the other . That these issues cannot bo made by a ohartered institution , is supposed to bo conclusively settled . They muse be made , then , directly by

      wovernment agents . For several yeira they have been thus made in the form Treasury notes , and have answend a valuable purpose . Their usefulness Lave been limited by their being tranafent and temporary ; their ceasing to bear interest at given periods necessarily causes their speedy return , and thus restricts their range of circulation ; and being used only in tbe disbursements of Government , they cannot rencb those points where they are most required . By rendering their nse permanent , to the moderate extent already mentioned , by offering no inducement for their return , and by exohangfnr them for coin and other values , they -will constitute , to a certain extent , tbe general currency so much needed to tm ' ntaln the internal trade of the country . And tbis is tbe exchequer plan , bo fir as it may operate ia furnishing a currency .

      It has now become obvious to all men that the Government must : 00 k to its own meaka for supplying iU wants , and it is consoling to know that these means are altogether adequate for tbe object Tbe Exchequer , if adopted , will greatiy aid in bringing about this result Upon what I regard as a well-founded supposition that its bills would be readily sought for . by tho public creditors , and that the issue would , in a short time , reach tbe maximum of IS 090 , 000 dollars , it la obvious that 10 . 000 , 000 dollars would thereby be added to the available means of tbe Treasury without cost or charge . Nor can I fail to urge the bentficial effects which would be

      produced in aid of all tbe active pursuits of . life . Its effects upon the solvent state banks , while it would foice into liquidation those of an opposite character through its weekly settlements , would lm highly bentficial ; and with the advantages of & sound currency , th « restoration of confidence and credit would follow , with a numerous train of bleFsiugs . My convictions are most strong that these benefits wonlJ fl > w from the adoption of tlais measure ; but if the result should be adversa , there is this security In connection with it , that the law creating it may be repealed at the pleasure of the Legislature , without the slightest implication of its good faith .

      I have thus , fellow-citizens , acquitted myself of my duty under the Constitution , by laying before you , aa Buccinctly as I have been able , the state of the Union , and by inviting your attention to measures of much importance to the country . The Executive will most tealously unite its efforts with those of the Legislative department in the accomplishment of all that is required to relieve the wants of a common constituency , or elevate the destiny of a beloved country . Johs Ttleb . Washington , Dec . 1842 .

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      soorched and blistered ^ and "o apprehensive wjere the parties of danger ^ that they removed their furniture . . Tbe-flremeri Were then directed to play upon the faousesy but their e >; erlilons were much impeded by Smoke * hieh wa « pouring out upon them from tbe fire , blinding them VFith the fumes of tar and turpentine . Large quantities of burning liquid ran down the streets , and in some cases the men were compelled to direct the branch of the engines to their own feet , which were surrounded by the fiery element . Alarmed to a 9 « kt degree , the poor people iu the neigbbourhotd , even at some distance from the fire , tumbled their furniture out of th ' fcir windows , and in this way occasioned considerable loss to themselves . Fortunately , however , tbe efforta of the firemen were successful ; for although a portion of the wood-work on the outside of the houses caught fire , the flimes did not extend to the Interior of the buildings . : v .

      The yard to the westward of Messrs . Platt s diatlilery had underneath vaults 12 feet deep , filled with tar , turpentine , and oil , and to these vaults the flames penetrated shortly after the commencement of tbe fire . From each vault there ia an opening into the yard , and from these , flatnes and sntoke were emitted in vast quantities . They seemed like the mouths of s » many craters , pouring forth tfaelr bituminous and fiery substances , threatening :-. ' destruction to all around . The . efforts ' -of thei flrenien appeared puny when directed upon such volumes of fbme J they tiefiod resistance ; and it was evident to all * that unless a river couldbe made to flow into the caverns of liquid . 'fire , all other exertions to extinguish the fl-unes would be useless . So powerful was tfao heat , whilst tbe fire continued in the vaults , that piirt of a large copprt pan , of nearly half an inch in

      ttiicknesa : ¦ which was in the yard , and at some distance , wnsnielted down . In three hours after the breaking out of the fire , the bare walls of the warehouses alone remained . At a little after tea o ' clock , tho front wall in Parliament-street fell inwards , end soon afterwards Other parts of the building tumbled , but without , we are happy to « ayi any serious accident having occurred . The injury of property did not extend much beyond tke warehouses . - The dwellings situate between the western wart-house and Jarna'ca-street were all . saved , and the cottagesi and stables between the eastern warehouse aud N ^ whail-street were only partially destroyed , whiM the large hopse at the corner of Pnrliatnent-street and Newhall-street Was savod . Tho G : eat Gcorge-strcet Chapel Daily School , which stood at the corner of Gtreenland . 8 treet and Newball-atreat , haa , however , been completely cutted .

      ¦ : " The fire brigade , as they have ever don ? , behaved themselves ' . admiri » bl'y on the present occasion . Mr . Whitty , Wr . Hewitt , and several superintendents of the police force were early on the spot , working with thf-ir ac . iiQstonicd energy and ? oa » lesane « 3 , and Valuable assistance was also . / rendered- }> y Mr James Lawrence , obairman of the Watch Committee , and by his worship the Mayor . The supply of water was tolerably good from the . first ; but it was found difficult , in fact almost impossible , to indues men to engage in emptying tfce ¦ w avehouses . ThU was probably owing to the feur of a recurrence of similar calamities to those which took place at the great fire in Grompton-streat A considerable quantity of property , which might otherwise have bceu saved , has thus been destroyed . Ifc is riot known how thH fire originated ; but several rumoure attempting to account for its origin are in circulation . The damage is estimated at from 446 , 000 to £ 55 , 000 . We believe that the greater part of the property was insured .

      The following statement will be . found a correct list ef sums insured on ths property in the different Fire Offices : — :: '¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' : .. - ¦¦ ¦ - . ' '' . ¦ ¦ . . ¦ ' . . ¦ ' West of England ... ... ... " . ; .. £ 12 500 " . . Livei-pool - {;„ ' ... > ' .. ... 10 : 000 Bun ... ... ... ... ... •¦¦ 6 , 800 Manchester ... ... ... ... ... 3 600 P < B : iix ... ... ... ... ... 3 000 G . obe ... ¦ . - ¦ .. . - . ¦ . ¦ .. " ... " ... ,.. w 3 . 000 luiDerial am ! York and London ... ... 4 000 Norwich Union ... ... ... ... 2 500 Atlas ... ... ... ... ... .. . . 2 , 000 Alliance ... ... ¦ -.. ... 1 . 200 Royal Exchange ... ... ... ... 1 . 000 London Union ... ... ... ... 1 , 000 North British ... ... ... ... 100 Norwich Equitable ... * .. - " . ... ... 180 London Assurance ... ... ... ... 500

      Total ... ... .... £ 80 380 On Sanday night , about twelve o ' clock , the smoulder , ing tire in the vaults to the westward of Messrs Piatt ' s premises came in contact with some tar , pitch , and other materials which -had-till then escaped destruction , and thu flames epeedily bunt forth with renewed vi « o » r , though , of course , without exciting any alarm , as th « rc was no fear of theif extending to any other property . At one time the volume of fire ascending from the vaults rose to a height of forty feet . Tue engines were soon brought to play upon the burning vaults , and the fire was extinguished iu about half an hour . - ' ' ¦" . - ¦ ¦ . ¦ - ¦ ¦" : ¦ - ¦• ¦ . . ¦¦ : . . ... ¦ " ¦ : ¦ ¦ ¦¦ , ¦ : ¦ . .. «~—~~ - «» i — -. ~ w— ¦ ¦ ¦¦ . - ; .. - .

      Untitled Article

      •• E'fchen , be was a busy-body , an * nothin else ^ ' returned Bifdy , looking at the policeman as though she could with pleasure have transformed him into a sandwichj and despatched him after the bread and butter" be was a giddy busy-body the same man , I ' m tellin ! ye ; sure the devil a taste of powdber or ball was in the same gun , or'twould bi far from me to thrust myself in slcb company . Oh t begor I ' m coine to the time o'llfe whin me sportln' days ie over , ' . an' fowlin , beyant all things , "wouldn't answer me . " ( Renewed laugbter . ) : ' ¦' . * Where did you get tbe gun ? " inquired 104 B .

      '•« Erra , blood alive , is that you Mrs . Barker , " , and Biddy , treating tbe policeraan'a query with the most absolute indifferance , telegraphed an old crone from amongst the bystanders , and after the latter had expressed all duo surprise at "flndin' the likes 07 sich a daysint woman as Mrs . O'Mara in any sort of a bobble good , bad , or indifferent , ' and Mrs . O" > lara herself had expressed-a ' similar feeling at such a casuality , and inquired for Mrs . Barker ' s little girl that waslyin down , Mrs . O'M . requested Mrs . B . to " slip out , and bring her a twopenny loaf , and a scrape of butther— -for , " continued Biddy , " ' these . thria . la respectin ' flre-arrjsB gives a great appetite , an' there ' s no knowing from Adam what 11 become o ' me . " ¦ " Surely , sur , ely , " responded Mm . Barker , vtbo received threepence , and made her exit . The magistrates returned to the chsJige once more . *• You haven't told the constable where you got the gun ? " ' ¦ : ¦ . ¦ ' ¦ ¦' . ¦' . ; ¦' . ;¦'¦ .. . .. ' . '¦¦ "¦¦'•¦¦" . ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' .

      -Biddy— ' * Will ye let me alone , again ? Sure , was / it I hid notto honld discourse wid anyorje . aDil warned above all things to avoid the Dublin' jackeens May .. tlie-devil run sideways wid it for one gun ; djd ye think'twas gofn' to make an axplosion it was , or that 1 was goin * to rise a rebellin ?" It was at length ascertained that the owner of the gun was licensed to keepartus , and Mra . O'Mara , albeit not the most fitting messenger , was authorised to convey it to him . " An' is id all over now , all the bustle about nothing at an ind , for ever an' a d < iyj" she said , evidently pleased at the result . " G ) oiy be to good ness , tbe breath i 8 corriin'back to mo waaat more ; bad manners to you , Bess BaTkor , how long you ' re slayin ' away wid me stay-bit" ; ¦ ¦' . ¦• ¦ ¦ ' ¦ . ~ - ^^ -- ^ ^ a > —^~~<^ . ¦ . - ¦ .

      Untitled Article

      NOMINATIONS FOR THE GENERAL COUNCIL . tf LONDOJf . ^ -TOWER HAMLETS . - . Mr . Joseph- Davis , ¦ - weaver , 7 , Montague-street , Whitecbap . ;! . ; Mr . William Baxter , shoemaker , 82 , Silver-street , S ; op ; iev . - ¦ . ' -, '¦ Mr . Ja » m es Fin net , weaver , 23 , Hunt- street . Mr . James Harper , shoemaker , 171 , Brick Lane . Mr . Beniamin Newiey , weaver , 1 ' 2 , White-street , Bi'thual GreeD . Mr . George Pcarce , do . 20 , Swan-street . Mr . William Broad , shoemaker , 107 , Hare-street . Mr . WilliamRobson , French-shoemaker , 17 , Richard ' s Place , Hag « arston . Mr . Samuel Barrow , turner , 8 , Newcastle-street . Mr . Phillip M'Grath , tailor , 119 . Rosemary Lane . Mr . William Drake , publican , 171 , Brick Lane . ¦

      XAMBTiTH . Mr . William Mallard , plasterer , 4 , Brook-street . Mr . John Dron , dy « r , 25 . Oakley-street . Mr . John Moy , tailor , 1 , China-waik . Mr . William Collins , artist , 37 , Paradise-street . Mr . William Rogers , shoemaKer , 98 , East-street . Mr . BoTijamin Rogers cooper , 1 , Ciiina-walk , eub-Treasurer . Mr . Charl < : a Thorp , " do . 8 , London-street , London Road , sub-Secretary .

      HOLBECK . Mr . Joseph Best , clothier . Isle ^ Mr . Joseph Wilkinson , mechanic , Birstal-road . : Mr . James Whitby , do . Low Coiine . Mr . John Ellis , do . M-iiiii ' s-fielJ . Mr . William Wado , do . How ^ omount-street . - Mr . James Kelly , sawyer , Cauvys-sireet . Mr . William Sykes , clothier , Horse and Jockey yard . ¦;_ ''' _ • - ' ¦ ¦ _ . . \ v . ' . : ' ; "¦ - . . . . ¦ . _

      Mr . William Perrigo , shuttle-maker , Sodom . Mr . John Broadbent , hackle-maker , Holbeck bridge . » . Mr . John Wood , overlooker * Old-row . Mr . Thomas Western , b » ushmaker , La 3 y-pil-Iane Mr . William Kidson , do . Ilaunah-atreet . Mr . John Davies . do . Terrace-street . Mr . William Barlow , do . do . pub-Treasurer . Mr . Charles Cluderay , 7 , Pjrtlaad-street , sub Secretary .

      OVENDOS . Mr , John Turner , joiner . Mr . Jeremiah Cockrofr , mason . Mr . James Stansfield , weaver . Mr . Gibson ABhwortb , do . Mr . Esau Thomas , do . Mr . Johnson Hope , comber , sub-Treasnrer Mr . James Booth , weaver , sub-Secretary .

      ¦ ; ' ¦ ¦; . . . ' . - .. . . ¦ - SALISBUKY . . - -.- . . ¦ - . .,.- . ' Mr . Thomas Church , shoe maker , Milford-street , Mr . Benjamin Maund , nail-maker , Winchesterstreet . ;' . - ¦ . - ¦ ' . - ¦ ; ; .. " . ¦ ' ' . . . ¦ ' / . ¦ ¦ . - ¦ ¦ . '¦ ¦ ' - ¦ ¦'" . ' ¦'¦' . . ' Mr . William Squire ^ whip-maker , Catherinestreet . . ' " :, ¦' . .. ¦ - : ' - . ' ¦ '¦ ; . '¦ ¦' . "' . . '¦ . ¦ ; . ' ; ¦¦ . ¦ ¦ - ' ¦¦ ¦" . Mr . William Thomas Rogers , shoemaker , Wincheetcr-street , sub-Treasurer . Mr . John Wilkinson , news-agent , Market Place , sub-Secretary . ¦ '"' :. ' ¦¦

      - . BUOMPTOX . Mr . ¦ Sitmuel Ford , cordwainer , 23 , High Row , Knigl . t-bfridge ; . . ; Mr . James Boucher , do . Trevor-place . " Mr . William Mathews , engineer , 88 , Westbornestreet , Chelsea . •• .-Mr . Archibald Mathews , do . 8 , do . do . Mr . Thomas Wheeler , reporter , 243 J Temple Bar . Mr . John Campbell , bookseller , 180 , High .. Holborn . ' ¦ ¦ " ¦ .-- ¦¦ '¦ l ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦"¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ . ' - . : ¦ ¦ - . - - ¦ Mr . Thomas Guthrio , smith , 4 , Bond-street , Chelsea . ' - ¦ •' : ¦ '¦ ¦'' ¦' . ¦ . ' '¦ - '¦ ' .. '¦ .: ¦ ¦ . " ¦ ''¦' . . ' :. ;¦ " . . ¦ Mr . William Whitehorne , tailor , l , Newland-Btreet , Hammersaiith , sub-Treasur « r . Mr . George Starve , oordvyainer , 6 , Rutland-street . sub-Secretary . .

      SHIP TAVERN , LONG LANE , BER 1 C 0 ND 8 JST . Mr . Heury Biggs , wire-worker , 13 , George-street , Long-lane . Mr . John Scott , currier , 12 , Wild ' s-renta , Louglane . - . ... - ' ' ¦ ''¦ ... ¦'¦' .. - . . " - : - ¦ . ' . . . - . •¦ . . " ' - ¦ Mr . Samuel Plum , 143 , n 6 W 3-vendejr do . Mr . John Miller , wire weaver , do . Mr . John Campbell , news-vendor , 180 , High-Holborn . Mr . William Leiizy , fellmonger , 2 , Staple-street ,

      Long-land . Mr . Taos . Hart ; currier , 2 , Brook-street . .. Mr . llobt . Kemp Philp , publiahefj Banbury , . Mr . Henry Russei , cordwainer , 2 , Bond-street , Rotherhithe . Mr . Charles Reed , boot maker , 2 , Webb-street . Mr . Samuel Castle , leather dresser , 21 , Edwardstreet , sub-Treasurer . Kir . John Maynard , joiner , Norfolk College , Doter-yard , BubSeoreUry .

      . :.- ' ¦' ¦ • ' . ' .. /• ¦¦ HALIFAX . ' ¦» . . ,: " - . Mr , Simeon Speak , wooloombcr , Haley-hill . Mr . Johu Ackroyd , weaker , Church-lane . ¦' . - '• Mr . Joshua BurnB , tailor , John ' s-lane . Mr . Joseph'Crosaland , weaver , Northowram . Mr . David Hitchen , twister , King Cross . . ' . Mr . Thomas Lever , twister , King Cross , sub Treasurer . ; Mr . Barnard Batterly , Back Albion-street , sub Secretary . ' : : ' . •¦ . ¦ ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ..

      • ¦ ...... . :, :. COVENTRY . ; - : Mr . William Parker , weaver , Laicaster-road . Mr . Richard Hartopp , ditto , New-street . Mr . William Hosier , ditto . Mill-lane . . •;'¦ Mr . Thomas Paine , ditto , Well- street . Mr . William Konibcriy ; ditto , Dutton ' s-row , Hill street . ' . . ' . .. ' . . ¦ ¦'• Mr . John Gilbert , ditto , Goifbrd-street . Mr . William Hewins , ditto , Jordan Well . Mr . William Watoifall , ditto , Junction street .

      Mr . Henry Franklin ,-ditto , tipesn-street . Mr . Puter / ioyj block-prmter , Grey Friars ' lane . " : . " ¦; ¦ "¦ ' - ¦¦ ¦ " " '¦'¦ .,- . • ¦ ., - ' ¦; . ' ; ; ; , ' '•'• ¦ ' ' ' . ; ; ' Mr . Joseph AtkiDs , ditto , Chantry-place . ¦ J : r . George Allci ) , watchmaker , Butts-lane . Mr . Gflor '^ e Wood , tailor , Back Park-street . Mr . Thomas Hembury , provision dealer , Spon Btreot , sub-Treasurer . . Mr . John Plant , weaver , Shorborne-street-sub Secretary . -... . - . ; ; ¦ " . . - .

      KIRKHEATON . Mr . John Roebuck , weaver , Field-head . Mr . David Taylor , do ., Square . Mr . Richard Jessop , do ., Gidroyd . Mr . John Dyson , do ., Square . Mr . David Cliff , do ., Low-fbld . , : Mr . Thoiaaa Stringerj tio ., Santa . Mr . John Broadbent , do ., Shawcrosg . Mr . David Dawson , do ., Cropper-row , sub-Trea surer . - ' . ¦ " ' - . . ' - .- ' . ' "¦' . ¦ -.- ' ] ; - . '¦ .-Mr . Henry Hey , do , M " o 6 r-8 ide , sub-Seoretftry .

      C 4 LVEP . T 0 N , NOTTS . > * f * i William Leaver , framework-knitter , Watson ' a-bnddinge . V Mr . James Pag « »^ o , Candy ' s-yftrd . Mr . TnemaB Le ^ er , do ., do ., Mr . WiUiftm . BaardalLdo ., Cropkdy'lane . Mr vJoseph R oe , dov Wataon ' s-buudmBB . -Mr . WiUivj , Brown , eordwainer , For « st , tub-. Treasurer ; -. -. .-. •¦ ¦¦ . - ' : . '¦ ¦ • " - '¦ . ' : ... ' . ¦ . * , . .:.-Mr . Gtwr ^ e Swinfield , framework-knitter . SprihR . gMClena ^ Br . bSeoretary . ¦ ... ;¦ ¦

      . ¦¦¦/ . . , ' ¦; ..- - ¦ SCDBUBT . ; - ; . - .- . . ' ' . ¦;¦ ' - Mfc . James Modley , weaver , Chureh-street . M » v William Bavebaao , maister , Friar ' a-Btreet . Mr . James Gaffer , tailor , Mi U-rlane . ¦ _ Mr . Thomas Bayeham , tailor- North-Btre « t . iab . Treasurer . - - ¦" ,- ' ' ' . ' ' - " ¦¦ \ . , . " ¦ ¦ -.. ' ¦ -..: . Mr . Joseph Goody , baker , Cross-rtre « t . wb-Setretary » ... ¦ - . ¦ ¦ . ¦ - ¦ . ¦ - ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ .- :. •; .. ¦ , ¦ ¦ . ¦ .. - . . . ¦

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      CHaLFOBD , GLOCCESTEBSHIRE . Mr . Richard Hiseox , weaver , Clay Pits . Mr . Thomas Wear do . Chalford Hill . Mr . Benjamin Gardener , do . do . j Mr . William Twissel , do . do . A Mr . John Shorty do . do . ¦¦¦ " / MriRiohard Lewis , do . do . sub-Treasurer . Mr . Richard Workman , cordwainer Brown ' e-hilL sub-Secretary ;

      BRADFORD DISTRICT—GREAT HOBTON . Mr . Jonathan Heaton , woolcomber , Horton * green . - ' . -: ¦ ' : . ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ ¦' :. ' : '' -. ' •' : . ' ' ' ¦ . ¦ ¦¦ : ' - .. Mr . John Wainwright , woolcomber , Shear Bridge . ¦ Mr . John Ledley , tailor , Central Locality . Mr . Sutcliff Waddington , labourer , Manninghara Mr . Thomas Metoalt ; wooloomber , George-street . . Mr . Jojin Moore , joiner , Bowling Back-lane . Mr ^ Jose ph Waltoa , shoemaker , New LaedSt * ' Mr ^ William Stott , wcrolconaber , Park-lane . Mr ; William Borrows , cotton warp-dresser , Great Horton , Treasurer . Mr . W ; Smyth , shoemaker , Maachester-road , sub-Secretary .

      Untitled Article

      Poor Rates , —The magistrates of Wigan , on Saturday last , signed a new rate of 3 ^ . in the pound . This is the third call upon the inhabitants since March , and makes a total of seven shillings in the pound . The overseers , iu eonsequuica of the heavy demands upon them from tke corporation and board of guardians , are compelled to Jay thi / i extraordinary rate , notwithstanding that they hav e ^ -within the last mouth , collected and paid the whole amount of a 2 s . rate to satisfy the claims upon theza . The new . rate must be paid immediat-ely , as thorg i 3 an order from the corporatioa for nearly £ 3 . 000 , and one from tho guardians for a considerable ' * sum ; and both are required to be satisfied in a few days , or the overseers , who are opposed to them in politics , must expect no quarter , aad may , as repeatedly threatened , have their goods and chattels seized for theamount .

      Strekt sweeping Machine—We nhderstand , that Whitworth ' s " Pawnt Cleansing Machine , " which has been in operation in Manchester for th « last ten months , and has given universal satisfaction is about to be introduced into the metropli ? . Man-Chester , instead of being the dirtieatjia now , wo believe , the cleanest of our large towns . J The introduction of the machine here induced a smart competition between it and the old force of sweepers ; and , although the latter are unable to maintain that degree of cleanh'ness in their districts , which 13 accomplished by the machine in tlie one allotted to

      it , tho general improvement in the town , over former years , is very striking . The difficulty of cleansing the'crowded thoroughfares of London at this season ; of the year , )> y the old mode , appears almost insuperable ; but we have no doubt , that the introduction - of' . the machine will bo attended with the same graWying result we have witnessed here . The power of the machine is extraordinary , being equal to thirly men ; and in _ its operation tha numerous annoyances wh ' oh are ineepirable from the old mode are altogethef * avoided . —Manchester Guardian . '

      Asanurupl^ $Fc&Gt;

      aSanUrupl ^ $ fc >

      Untitled Article

      From Ihe London Gazette of Friday , Dec . 23 . BANKRDPTS . : ¦ ¦ Thomas Blason , Ecton , NorthamptonBhire , innkeeper , PdC 29 . at two , and Feb . 3 , at eleven , afc tha Court of Bankruptcy , London . Solicitor , Mr . PttlJ , jun . Nor » thampton ; offical iv « 3 i )? riee , Mr . Pdnnell . Charles Jon « s , Devereux-court , Strsnd , hotel keeper , Jan . 5 . at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Solicitor , Mr . Austin , Threar ! needle-street ; ofBr cial assignee , Mr . Green , Alderroanbury . ¦; William Bowler , Caatle-lane , Southwark , combmater , Jan . 1 , » t half-past one , and 31 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Solicitors , Messrs . Collins and R ^ gby , Crescent-place , Blackfriars ; official assignee , Mr . Edwards . Frederiek ' s-place , Old J « wry .

      Qiovanni Battiala S ^ lvi , Duke-street , Portland-place , ¦ wine-merchant , Jan . li . at two , and Feb . 2 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy . London . Solicitor * , Messrs . Lovel and Halliweil , Great Kyder-atreet , St . James ' s ; official assignee , Mr . Groom , Aboburch-lane , Lombard-stiefct . . . ' : . . ¦ - . - ¦ ¦ ¦ ; John Bennett , Reading , Berkshire , railroad-contraetor , Jan . 3 , at twelve , and Feb . 8 , afc eleven , at the Court of Bankmptcy , London . Solicitor , Mr . Wanaey Lothbury ; official asaignt ^ , Mr . Johnson , Baaingball street . ¦ ' . ;¦ . ' ¦ '¦ ¦ - ' . * . . '¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ' ;/ -.: ,- ¦ : ¦'¦" John Buckthought , East-lane , Cornwall , currier , Jan . 4 , and Fob . 9 , at twelve , at toe Bankrupts' District Conrt , Exoter . Soliciters . 3 Ir . Surr , Louibard-street , London ; and Messrs . Lockyer and Bulteel , Plymouth I official assignee , Mr . Birti ^ l , Exeter .

      George Richard , Rose-bill , Oxfordshire , com dealer , Jan . 7 , at half-past twelve , and 31 , at naif-past one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Sslicitonr , Msbstb . Cox and Co ., Lincoln ' s-inn-fields , London ; and Mr . MalUm , jun ., Oxford ; official asaiguts , ilr . Wtiitmore , BasiDgaall-street . Thoni » 8 Frazsr , Brook-street , Bond-street , Italian warehouseman , Jan . 10 , at eleven , and 24 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Solicitors . Messrs , Mpssley and Co ., Bedford- ^ treat , Covent-gardeb ; official assignee , Mr . Xackington , ColeiaMi-street-buildinge . Robert Barnes . Newcastle-upon-Tyne , tanner , Jan . 4 , at eleven , and 27 , at tbe Conrt of Bmkruptcy , Newcaslle-upon-Tyne . Solicitors ,. ' -Messrs . Meggiaori and Co ., Kmg ' 8-road , Bedford-row , London ; and Mr . Philipson , Newcastle-npon-TyiiB ; offical assignee , Mr . BaII . Ndwcastle-apon-Tyne . . - ' :

      Charles Allen , Walsall , Siaffordahire . saddler , Jan . 4 , at two , and 26 , at half-past eleven , at tfcw Bankrupts * District Conrt , Birmingham . Solicitor , Mr . HiU , Birmingham ; official assignee , Mr . Whilmore , Birmingham . Henry Pitt , Selby , Torkehire , -wine merchant , Jan ' . 5 , and Feb . 2 , at twelve , at the Bankrupts' District Court , Loedf . Solicitors , Messrs . Bunnev and Preston , Hull ; official assignee , Mr . Fearne , Lee . ia . John Herring and William Herring , Nuweastle-upon-Tyne , mkrebants , Dec . 28 , at one , aud Jan . 27 , at eleven , at the B ; inktupW District Coact . NewcasUe npon-Tyne . Solicitors , Messrs . Williamson and HiU , Gray ' s Inn , London ; and Air . Irrgkulew , Neircastleupou-Tyne ; official assignee , Mr . Baker , Newcastleupon-Tyne . ¦ ;

      James Gregory , ShtffleJd , mantifccturer of table knives , Jan . 4 , at one , and 25 , at twelve , at the Bankrupts' District Court , Leeds . Solicitor , Mr . Bromhead , Shtffitjld ; official assignee , Mr . Freeman , Leeds .

      PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED . Robert Tanner and George Young , Leeds , aecountanti —Joseph Harper , Joseph Mar tin , aid Josaph Morton , Liverpool , provision dealers— jc-za da Silva Soares , of Figueira , Portugal , Thomas Jose Duarte , Liverpool , and Edward Potter , Lisbon , merchants—William State * Smith and Godfrey Warham , Doncaster , Yorkshire * ironmongers—Nathan Lee and John Harmon , Liverpool , painters—Jauies Gibb , Gdtirsre Gray , and Joha Gibb , Manchester , waruhoasemen ( so far as regards George Gray}—Henry Lowety Medder and Henry John Syred , Liverpool , pawnbrokers—Thomas Slater , Jamet Wliittihead , and Taoroas Piatt , of Manchester and Valparaiso , commission merchants—William Bird and George Marsden , Liverpool , accountants .

      Untitled Article

      From ihe Gazette of Tuesduy , Dec $ , ? . BANKRUPTS . William James Bernard Staunton , wine merchant , Salvador-koose , Bishopsgate-9 treet . to surrender Jan . 6 » at balf-past twelve , and Feb . 7 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy / BasinghaSl-strtet . Solicitors , Messrs . Turner and Hensman , Biaiug-laae ; official assignee , Mr . Graham , Bdsinghall-street . Samuel Partridge , licenced victualler , Peerless-row , Cifcy-touti , Jan . 10 , and Feb . 7 , at calf-past twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , B ^ ingball-Btreet . Solicitor , Mr . Cox , Sisalane ; official assignee , Mr . Turauaad . Copthall-bulldings . " - *

      Thotnas Ford Harris , draper , Great PorUand-Btreet , Jan . 10 . and Feb . 6 , at the Court of Bankruptcy , R » - singhall-street . Solicitora , Messrs . Bead and Shaw . Friday-street ; official assignee , Mr . Tuiquand , Copthall-feuiidings . ' _ ' ' ¦ George Coatea , apothecary , Bloomsbury , Jan . 13 , at twelve , and Fa 5 . 7 , at eleven , at ttie Court of Biukruptcy , Basinghali-street Solicitor , Mi . Cox , Pinner ' a Hall , Broad-street ; official assignee , Mr . Turqaand , CoplbaU-buildings . " Thomas Kimpton , draper , Newing ^ on-butts , Jan . 11 , at half-past oab , and Feb 7 , at eloveai :. it the Courts Baukruptvy , Baaihghall-street Solic ; : dr 3 , Messrs . R : ed and Shaw , - 'Friday-street . Chupsi-i-i ; official assignee , Mr . Edwarda , Fr « dirick ' t-r , ! icj . OU Jewry .

      George HarSer , farmer , SunderUfidv ? lck , Yorkshire , Jan . 10 , at one , and Jan . 31 , at twelve , at rim Leeds District Court of Bankruptcy . Solicitors , blenszB . Jtaninga and Convers , Great DriffieW ; official assignee , Mr . Hope , Leeds . John Fawcett , coach builder , St . John-street , West Suiithueld , JaJi . « , and Feb . 8 , at twelve , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , BasipgbaH-street . Solicitor , Mr . Swan , Sorgeantt'Inn , Fleet-street j official assignee , Mr . Jobnson , Busingball-atreec . Thomas Holt , dealer , Clitaaroe , Lancashire , Jan . 11 , and Fob . 0 , at twelve , at the Manoiieatei District Coiuk bt Bankruptcy . SoUcltors , Mr . Bailey , Ciitiieroe , LancMbire ; Mr . Wetbmll , Temple , Loudvn ; official a&dgnee , Mr . Fraser , Manchester .

      John Nevifton Sargent , grocer , Nottingham , Jan . * * at one , and Feb . 6 , at twelve , at tbe Bunungaam District Conrt of Batikraptcy . Solicitor , &lr vPa « oM , Nottingham ; official aa 8 ign « e , Mr . Yalpy , Biraiinghaia .

      PARTNERSHIPS D 1 SS 0 LTSB . Beaumont and Wood , Halifax , Yorkshire , tea-deafen —Young and Co , Burnley , Yorkshire , Jwnfoundeis , ; -M far aa regard * E- P . Xee—J . and J . Appiey » r < i , Halifax * Torlwhire , tahnere—J . Malr and Co ., Bolton and Gla * - gow , vrariibottsemen—J , Power and Co ., Liverpoo ' * merchants—Anderson , Tyne , and Co ., Alanchwter and HmdderBtteld , woollea-nianufacfaTera j ' as ' t& a * legtrdi A . Anderson—J H . Stanway aua G Smith , Manchester , aoconnUats—J , Jarvia an ^ C ^ i Leeda , brts sfowdeifc

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      FIRE IN LIVERPOOL . On Thursday morning , about six o ' clock , a fire broke out in the extensive tar and tuiptntine distillery of Me » = rrs . Platt , Son , and Casson , which extended from Parliament-street to Greenland-street , and , nwi g to the vast quantity of combustible materials on the premises , extended -with almost unparalleled rapidity . Tbe yards to the east and west were also filled with materials , easily ignitafele , and of a moat inflamiiiabJ ** character , such as rosin and tar barrels , turpentine , &a , and these , having fuickly caught , emitted a vast volume of fire which speedily communicated to tha adjoining warehouses . These were magnificent piles tf building , fourteen yards in front and . sixty iu depth rnnniDg from ParJinraent-street to Greenland-street That to the west w ^ s called " Guyton b warehouso "and was stocked with grain , wood , brimstone , < fcc . ¦ . that to the east was called " Crane ' s warehouses , " and contained cotton , grain , fustic , and tallow . About

      seven o ' clock the fire wju at its height The works , with their stock of inflammable materials , were pouring forth dense masses of smoke , —the flames were ascending On each side from the yajcl witn am& » ng fury , MMthues reaching to oa « hundred feet in height , — -the Mge bonnded by the two lines of consuming ware-WJOses , from which were emanating immense flakes of fire . Tbe scene was one of fearful grandeur , and could not fail to impress tbe spectators with its magnificent yet awful appearance . The loud roaring of the flimes , m they butst fortb , the curling and rapid rising of tbe huge dark clouds of smoke , loaded with burning pieces of wood , as they issued almost incessantly from tbe buildings , the crackling of the Darning materials , and occasionally tbe loud crash as some portion , of the edifices g » ve way , together with the shouting of the men engaged in working tbe engines , all combined I * form a scene of the most extraordinary and appaUlhc nature . * rr

      The engines and fire-police were on the spot la a few minutes after information of the breaking out of tbe Hre waa conveyed to the staiton ; but tbe progress of the . flame * -was so tapld that all idea of attempting to save tke warehouses and works was soon abandoned , and the attention of the firemen was directed to the protection of the property on tbe north side of Greenland-street and south side of Parliament-street . Tbe heat wsa so iatense and the tames raged * lth BUch fearful intensity , that the houses opposite in both fttrebts were set on fira The panes of glass in the windows were craeked , the paint on th « j woed-work was

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      DUBLIN POLICE . "Taken in arms . " ' . ; ..-,- ' It is very possible that Biddy O'Mara had not beard anything of the " rumpus and the rioting , " anaut agrarian disturbance ; which has kept all the old ladies with spectacles on nose" turning their optics ceilingwise , and the Biage interpreters of the signs of the tii ;; es busily engaged in intoned . Be that as it will , it was positively refreshing to observe the perfect nonchalance -with which Bhe occupiud the dock , churged by a police constable -with having in her possession-a fowling-piece , without being able eatisfactorily to account for It .

      It appears that Mrs . O Mara had , after the faahlon of the "heroine of the Saragossa , " ( albeit deficient in her reputed personal attractions ) , " appeared in arms in the open day , " and was quietly meandering through Dame-street , like the careless gentleman in the song , "Baying nothing to nobody , " with the deadly tube slung across her back , when 104 B brought her first to a stand-still and then t » the police- office . From the avidity with which the accused bolted huge vi edges of bread and batter while the constable was enlightening the bench as to her iniquity , it is pretty evident she anticipated confinement on abort commozis for her backslidiDg . Having at length disposed of crust and crainb , she drew the back of a reeponaiple-looklna ; band athwort her fat ebapa , and requested to be informed What on earth they were all about J" , 104 B—What business had you with a ganf

      Strange , how with all their experience maglrtaates , and eke policemen , wiU continue to expect a direct answer . What buaineas had I with a gun , is id t " replied Mr * . O'Mara . " Welt then , ww ; whaVo that to joa , above all people on airtfc I Erra , God direct you . Sure you know twasn ' t bint on destrowin' game I was . Aye , indeed , ' pon me faith an * word , I'd look well * thrivin' to take the eoiuate out of & « nipe in Dame-street , or may be mistaken a town OOnaseUor for a wilrt goose . " ( Great laughter . ) 11 waa the constable ' s duty , " observed his " worship , " if he thought you had not a licence to carry arms , to make 70 a aceoaal tor thoM In yc « posseiiion . ''

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      ERUPTION OF MOUNT ETNA . 6 atania , Dec . 11 . —As long Mg > as the 17 th ult , the summit of Mount Etna exhibited t-xtraordinary symptoms . The smoke which Usually covers it and the crater became blacker and more ; : dense , and seenied to bo thrown put -with much greater force thitri usual ; but as there had been some rainy days aud indifferent weather , and a * similar phenomena occur at changes of temperature , little attention was paid to the existing appear . nee . Besides , tho fog with which the atmosphere was loaded , and the almost constant rain , prevented any distinct observation of the mountain . It was not until the 2 fith of November that a subterraneous noise was heard , which left no longer any doubt that serious commotions were going on in the . interior . Towards night we observed , at intervals , when the atmosphere was a little clear , that immense " columns' of sitiuke auJ ahowera of aslios and stones were thrown

      up with great force . Tiia obscurity , too , rendered Bupivtent the flames which rose at intervals , always accouipaniad by thick smoke , mingled with ashes and stones in a fiery state . As the wind was N . E . on the 27 th , and the vapours very thick , we could hot perc-ive what was passing on the mountain , but towards night we bad better weather , and saw immense volumes of flame , always accompanied by ashes and stones , which fell red hot The eruptions issued alternately from three different craters . It was impossible not to ba struck with the grandeur of the spectacle , when masseB of flame surrounded all tbe craters , and saerued to flow through the gorges of the mountain . Abmt one o ' clock in the morning tho great basin of the crater was full of burning lava , which overflowed and ran down the south side in a torrent of liquid fire to the place called the English House , and there mixed with the lava of 1787 .

      On the 28 th the commotions of the mountain add the frequent showers of ashes and stones mingled with flame , diminished , but in the evening these threatening appearances returned witli in or eased force . The Java which : hnd ceased to flow towards the south , waa now divided into two torrents towards the north-oast , arid it rushed down in the direction of the valley of Bronta , spreading destruction throu : hout the beautiful forest which adonis the declivity of the mountain on that side . On the night of the 30 th a new and wonderful spectacle was presented to our eyes by the centre of the cratar , -which was at' the moment throwing out flames with less violence . We observed therein a ' ue . w oone of burning matter , which crumbled into piects by

      the aotiiin of the fire in the crat « r , at the same time Clouds of burning matter were thrown out , followed by ru 6 hiug flames which seemed te set the heawns on fire- , ¦¦ ¦ : ¦ ^ -: - / 1 : ¦ - . ¦¦ ¦¦ : ; ; ; . ' : Mr . Wa ' . kensha'w , who has been for seven years engaged in making inquiries respecting the natural history of Etna , has gone up since the eruptions ceased . It is said that M . von Wttrstemberger , a Swiss , in the Austrian service , was the first who observed the eruption , he feeing at the time on bis way to ascend the mountain . I shall continue to send you reports respect ^ ins this eruption , which well-infornifcd persons are of opinion will soon be renewed . You ate , « f cout » u , aware that the territory of Bronte , to which I have alluded , was given to Lord Nulson , With the title . of Duke , by our Kidg Ferdinand .

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      - . . ' ¦ THE NORTHERN STAjl . —V

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      THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE . By the arrival of the fine New York paekfiUWp Indepeuccne- under couunand of C > p -ainE . Nye , after SB fcxtriardinary quiok voyage of sixteen days , Kew York tutv rs to the 10 th instant incinave h&ve been reoeived . The Presidents Heffiage was deUvered to Congress on riKr 8 A , and wa carried by express to > c ¦ Tori in use hou : s aad teventetn minutes . It is a leas lengthy . iccament tbaansoal , tut is not , geaemdy fpcaiin £ , of icuci ? interest . The ( y icabii amvrd » t Boston at three o ' clock on Hje aorrins of the 6 th Dr « mber , having arrived at HaU&x ^ tie 3 rd . Sufgc ' eat tuna ha » l not elapsed , since the reca !' .-i ot the intaJigt ^ ce brongbt by btr aL > € * Tori * o notce its tff-ct ^ upon the markets especially as ttf ^ i was observed as a gentral boiiday or icanko-^ Ting-

      CONGRESS . KITF YOKK , SATCKDAT . DEC 10 . On tbe re-MsembliBij of \ h « - Senate on Tuesday noon , a quorcK ^ ras not present ; aad & 3 soon as ihe fact waa Bscerta . ' . r >~ i . an adjcnrnmt-xit took p ' . ace . In Tbe H > nsi- notice was given by Mr . Johnston , of Marjiaii-i . of his intention to ask leave to being in a hi ll for sssv-mption of State debts by the Government Mr- Aoirjs called np his resolution rescinding the 81 st ruie . which prohibi's the reception of petitions on tbe su > j-c' . of slavery , and after some discufaion on questions of * r * t : T , the resolution was laid over . >! r . j . T Mason aisnonaoed the death of Mr . -J . W . WillLsK . s , of Maryland , and , after adopting th *> upoal I 6 bo 1 ci jn ? vn snch occasions , the Honse adjanrned .

      At half pi ^ t ten o c ! ock list eveniDg . the Government expisea &r = ; ved at tht Post-tffice in Tbis city , with the Prc-ide . ii : " s aieasage , wLich was dtlivtred yesterday afr-er u - \ . rram of the Senate appeared in their places , and -st-itr w ' aicb the express left "Wastnngtcn at 13 minctfe * pr , ^ : l pa . penorming the whole distance in 9 hours IT - ; -cnt £ a . EXrRACIS FBOM THE MESSAGE .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 31, 1842, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct462/page/6/