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Cljaritgi £tacTli£ente.
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tfovtbcominqt Cfrarttjait Mtttinctf.
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HBWCASTLB,
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , PRICE SIXPENCE , No . I . OF A | PRACTICAL WORK ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SMALL If ARMS ; Giving full Instructions respecting Rotation of Crops , Management of Cattle , Culture , &c . BY FEAHGUS O COttNOK , ESg , FARMER AND BARRISTER . | ; i : Also , now on Sale , in Two Numbers , at Fourpeuce each , the M STATE OF IRELAND , " written in 1798 , by Arthur O'Connor . A -compendium of Irish History , and a jmore oorrect Account of the Grievances of that Country , than any that has appeared upon the subject . Cleave , London ; Heywood , Manchester ; Hobson , Leeds .
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jEAEGUS O'CO ^ OR , ESQ ., AT MASCHESTER , Ibe Char tists of Manchester were made ac quainted on Jriday last that the champion of the poor nan's rights , 3 E . O'Connor , would address the jt& £ ng classes on Saturday evening , npon the alla bsorbin g snbject , * The land and the Charter . " 2 he notice 'being short , they immediately set to work to giro publicity to his intention , and during the jjgkt the waBs -were posted -with large placards jjjjj onnciiig the fact . ffoiTOhgtanflnigih&iflortneBs of the notice , and gitBTfejjUgh l' bewg ihe Tery -Voorst night is the , reek fora meeting for anj purpose in Manchester , ihe large Ball "was crowded . 1
At » few minutes after eight o ' clock Mr . O'Connor accom panied by Messrs . Lonsdale and Hargraves , entered the Hall , when the people rose from their seals and received hinnvith one spontaneous bnrst ^ appknse , and continued cheering for a conaderjble length of time after he had taken bis seat apon the platform . On tbemotion of Mr . Diron Mr . James Leach was unanimously called npon to preside . ! Fhe Chakhax , npon rising , said that he was an
proud to see so-lar ^ e assembly of ihe working tiasses present upon tha occasion ; and he was more bo "ffhen he considered ihe shortness of the notice , and likewise its being Saturday night , when it was natural to txpect tha ; they would be engaged inlaying ont ihe scanty pittance doled out te them in return for their labour . The present meeting was another proof that they 'were wedded to the principles of their leader and untiring advocate , Mr O'Connor . Be ( Mr . Leach ) was convinced that no other man could command such an andience under
ihe cixcunist&nces , ashB then had bEfore him . He was also proud to know that Mr . O'Connor was going to address them npon the question of questions —** The Tjsnd . * There were no - other TPPiyT 1 " to make Englishmen what they ought to be ,-bnt "The Charter and ihe Land" combined . In fact they frire the one and the same thing ; for the Charter without tie Land would be worthless ; bo in like manner if they bad the Land to-morrow without the Charter , they would still be minus of thai power ¦ wiach wwild ^ rattle tiitm to make the Land prafitaole to themselves Tmn Eecmity ^ The chavrmm concluded by introducing Mr . O'Connor to ihe
meet-Mr . O'Cosnob rose amid deafening cheers , which lasted fGr several minutes . After the cheering bad 5 nbaded 3 he said list it was sot often that he disagreed with anything that was said by James Leach . HoweTer upon this occasion be did differ with him , and Tery widely too . Mr . Leach bad faid that he ¦ ma proud to see so many of them present . He {^ r . 0 'Connor > wonld mnch ra ther they had been engaged in other business than being there on the Saturday night . It would bare been more pleasing to him had be stood alone npon the platform than to see so msnj of Ihe working classes present . When ie looked at the platform , the gallery , and the body of ihYhaD , be found by their appearance that that vast assembly were -all of that class for whose
JeneSt be alwa . y 3 worked . It was for the working classes that be laboured and wcnld continue to labour . Tbeirattendance there toldbim that they were not in that situation , which by their knowledge and indnstry they were entitled to ; therefore , be lopedihat their meeting together would be of some benefit to them . He had come to address them epos fhB"Lr 5 D , " because be knew that there was nothing else that wonld'lw of any benefit to them . He had been asked why did be bring the Lattd question np before they goS the Charter ! It was for this reason : ioshow ihem to what purpose the Charter wasto be applied when got . He was glad to find that the question of the Laxd was taking that bold upon the public mind that its importance demanded . He bad
beard since he came npon that platform , that one of &e tradeb of Manchester had come to the eonclnsion of embarking their fnT » dp - » 'TnnnTitiTig to siztbouEand pounds , in Lasd , to relieve , as far as their power would allow , ihe present distress . This was pleasing intelligence for him , inasmnch as it was a proofthit be tad sot laboured in Tain . He was itfad that ihe trades were isMiig up the < joestion ; for they were capable of doing mnch in this work oThsmanredemption . He bad been asked why he bad sot brought forward the Lass question sooner 3 The reason was obvious . They knew as yr&fi . asliim that the people were not ready to receiveit . They were quite a different race of men to what they were some seven or * igbt years ago .
They were more intelligent bow than they were then ; and so was be ; ior be bad been instructing them , and tbc-y had been instructing him , They bad gjyenhim all the useful information that hepossessed It was from bis intercourse with them that be was enabled to maintain their cause when he went into society . At the period be spoke of , when theysaw an ox , they did not know what made him fat . When they saw sheep and pigs , and ponltrj , they were not aware that ihe earth was the raw material "that produced them . ? Jdw , boweyer , they bad learned this useful lesson . The ? bad learned thai the Lasd was the raw material from which they derived all ilmi they stood in need of for the daily supply of Ibeir physical wants . The coarsest hemp , the finest
cambric were equally the produce ofiheLiSD and labour ; but that which he was labouring for was to bring abont a change that would give to the labourer the fruits of bis indnstry by placing him upon ihe Ljlxd , as the only means te give him a market for that labour which has been rendered Talneless by the improvements of machinery ; and his reasons for doing so were , because the labouring man bad not the capital requisite to purchase machinery and commence mannfacinra ^; bnt be has contained within himself the capital requisite to make the Lxtcd give him in ret run for his labour everything that be requires . " Let ns see , " said Mr . O'C " what the land is worth to those who at present bold it . If we take this eoHntv "North and South ,
we will see the political power winch the land gives to both parties . In the North there is Lord Stanley TFiose i ^ si ) returns "him to Parliament ; and as Colonial Minis *** 3 s in ihe icceipt of £ 4 fi 00 per &tit > btti , beside Gorernment and Church Patronage ; baving the power to place his dependants in Government situations , and appoint parsons , and now and then a bishop , out of biB own family . ThiB is what the monopoly of 4 he Lass confers npon Lord Stanley , in the Sonih yon have Lord P . Egerton , with bis Tast possessions in land and coal mines ; and although the females are turned out of the mines , they are sail a body of slaves npon his Lordship ' s estates- * Jiow it became bis ( Mr . O'Connor ' s ) duty to give them an explanation of bis views npon the
inbjeet of the Ljjtd and the Charter . Some saortaghted people , that -either could not or wonld not see , had said that he was abandoning the Charter for the LiXD scheme . It was therefore necessary that he should te ll that meeting , and , through it , the public , bis opinions . He wonld not give s . faribingfoT the Ljlkd without the Charter : for whhont that , the landlords would still hare that political power which would enable them to do as they always had , and always wonld do , until their monopoly , Tras broken down , by placing ihe vote in ihe il ^ n , independent of the Landlord ' s Land : and this could only be accomp li shed by the Charter- ^ cheers ) . At the same time be was fully convinced that the working classes bad it in their power at present to carry out
on a large scale a practical experiment of what would be the results of the small farm system ; and this woald have a powerful effect npon their future progress . It might be said that the subject of agriculture was not a new one . He admitted that ; but ihea i l bad only been discussed as a question between landlordand tenant ; between monopolist and anti-monopolist . Many volumes bad been written upon the subject . But the immediate interests of the working classes had been left wholly * ntof -riewj lest a proper explanation of the subject as regards their interests should deprive the landlords of that monopoly of legislation which the JBil-appropriation of their estates confers upon them ; and lest it should deprive the capitalists of that
slave labour by which he is enabled to board ^ a es ; the restri c tions and conditions of the lone ^ i *® creating an artificial surplns population in the labour market for the other class . It had been said * nai we have taken in several million acres of waste land i and stifl -Re cannot grow a sufficiency of food » r the people ; and therefore we must bave an over-Population . EeCMr . CPConnor ) would admit that niaer the preseni system there was an over popolation . 3 nj -HiH ^ / j , admitted that , he also was aware that where fire millions might *® an over-population under nnwholesome restrictions and a bad system ; flnrty millions could prosper in the same country nnder a good system , therefore it 3 s lb © dnty of tbe working classes to
nnite to accomplish bo desirable an object as locating as many of the nnwflling idlers upon tbe Lakd as possible , in order to give a practical illustration of what can be done by placing the labourer upon tbeXoKD . By these means they would tffectually Hepeal ihe Corn Laws , by producing enough for themselves , witbont having to depend npon a forei gn country for their breakfast before they could eat it . Hecontended that machinery , under the present system , was the greatest enemy of the working classes , as well as of knowledge , morality , and freedom . He complained not if ihe use , but of rax XBE 2 E , of macbinery . He would not wish to
see its progress xestrained by law . Tbe wholesome lesincfions wbicb Se Tronld lay upon it woold be that of lair oompethibn for its working in the free Wkhjt market . He wonld sot » y to the capitalist , "iether cotton spinner , iron master , or mine owner , yon shall not use niacbinery in your several trades ; nor wonld he lay a tax npon that macbinery , because the capitalist always had it in Mb power to iddbanself iarmleBBj and of even maKng profit pi taxes . The change , therefore , fl » a * = b © would make would be this r instead of the master mannfactHrer SWng to the Mafket ^ place or the cellar , for ibe pnrpose of bidding for thB labour of an impoTerished » t of unwilling idlers , whose very necessities © MapeHed them not only to imder bid each
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other , bnt to look npon each other with jealousy ; instead of sending him to such a market to purchase slaves , he would send him to the free labour market , where man wonld at least have that protection which wonld give him a choice in the selection of work . He would allow him to say to a man , earning by bis own hand labour apon the Lajtd a sufficiency to maintain himself and family in a state of independence and comfort ; a man in possession of the means to educate and clothe his children , and able to lay np annually wherewith the " old eonple . " in die winter of life , might live oheerfnlly , without being indebted to tbe shnsbouse or bastile ; be would let them j ? e to a man placed ! in these circumstancee , and say to him , " if yon wonld
prefer honse labour to field labour , the town fog to the country air , and the gin palace to the lecture room , come with me , and yon shall have precisely the same rate of wages that you have been able to earn by your labonr on your four acre farm . " If the man went , he would ^ o of his own free will ; and ! to oppose him wonld be tyranny . The manufacturer wonld tins be obliged to measure his wages by the standard of the free labour market . This wonld . of itself impose a sufficient and wholesome restriction npon niacbinery . By placing tbe unwilling idlers npon the Land , they would at onoe restore to English - manufacturers tbst character which they gained for themselves when tbe wages for Labonr were satisfactory to their workmen . Some
poor short-sighted creatures , who did . sot know a potato from a band saw , bad bees writing against tfee hesat as & remedy and asked , HA he ( Mr . O'Connor ) intend to force the people npon the Land whether they were willing or not 1 He did no such thing . Bnt by the adoption of tbe Email farm system , he saw that they wonld open a market for the labourer of those who were willing to leave the artificial market . "What he ( Mr . O'Connor ) wanted was this if there -were three million of labourers in the labour market , and two millions could supply the demand * he did not wish tbe whole three millions to go npon the Land ; nor the two millions ; but the one million : those whoweiea ** surplus population" for the employers to fall back npon . By removing these to the Land , the masters eonld not reduce the wages of the remaining two millions , by telling them that there was one million of men walking the streets who woald be glad to get work
at any rate of wages . He ( Mr . O'Connor ) much doubted if the manufacturer was to go to tbe free market , that be would get a man to leave bis natural position to come again into the artificial market . How different wonld be the condition of the man on the Laad to the poor fellow who had- to drag bis infant out of bed in the morning , and carry it npon bis back to tbe enamel bouse , and be compelled to live npon the labonr ] of his infant and wife , whilst he walked the streets 1 How different the condition of the free labourer ! He ri > es in the morning and goes with pleasure ! to his labonr , knowing that be is working for his own benefit . He leaves bis wife behind to prepare die frugal meal , and to call np the childrenaccording to their strength . He is enabled to have bis vegetables in a sound and wholesome state , and not half rotten , and only what the rich had refused , which ] is often tiie case with the artificial labourer . His milk
is pure and not sour , as the manufacturing labourer has to take it , with not unfrequently " the pump , the best cow in the dairy . " Having said so much upon tbe Luis , he must now come to the Charter . He was aware that witbont political power the system never could be made so general as to bo of national benefit . While , on the other band , be did not believe that any other inducement save that of tbe practical result of the plan of small farms , ever will be sufficiently strong to produce such a public feeling as will bring into moral action such an amount of mind in favour of both changes as neither ministers or party would dare to resist . Therefore , from this reasoning he thought that the possession Jof political power was indispensible as a means for
making the plan of free labour a national benefit . He was alBO further of opinion that no writing , no talking , no reasoning , would bave the effect of enlisting in the support of the small faxm plan , the one hundredth part of that thought and mind which the practice , 3 seen , would prodnoe . If in the neighbourhood of Manchester there were some forty or fifty families located apon the bind , the factory labourer wonld take a walk on the Sunday to see how their friends were going on ; and the decided alteration in their condition for the better wonld make their mouths water for the Charter . Mr . O'Connor then entered at great length upon tbe condition of the labourers in those countries where tbe land was let out in small allotments , as compared with the working classes of this country , referring to France and other places . He then , in a clear manner , showed that tbe Government bad
not paid that attention to agriculture that they ought to have done . That whilst they bad chosen Ministers of nutmeg ; Ministers of sugar ; Ministers of coffee ; Ministers of Naples biscuits ; and Ministers of spices ; no Minister of agriculture had been deemed necessary . Not that be thought if they had one , they woold be any better off , so long as the system lasted . He concluded by calling upon the people to nnite for the purpose of carrying out their country ' s salvation . At the conclusion of bis lecture , Mr . O'Connor again arose , and said be felt bound to explain to the meeting how far he acquiesed in and Low far he disapproved of , the observations that bad appeared in the Northern Slar relative to the absent Dr . M'Douall ; when he expressed himself much to the effect of his statement in another part of thiB sheet . It is not therefore necessary to repeat ; it here . At the conclusion of his remarks , a collection for M'Donall was made , amounting to £ 2 14 s .
Tbe thanks ef the meeting wsa then given to Mr . O'C . and tbe chairman , and the meeting separated at near eleven o ' clock , all highly satisfied with the evening ' s proceedings .
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GL AEGOW . —A meeting , to hear the Treasurers report as to the financial affairs of the Association , also the report of committee appointed to draw np a plan for the better organization of the city and suburbs , was held in the Yonng Man ' s Academy College-street , on Friday evening ; Mr . J . Lang fin the chair . Mr . Chiaholm , in the absence of Mr . Boss , gave a statemen t of tbe income and expenditure for tbe last biz months—showing abalancein tbe Treasurer ' s band . The report was nnanimonsl y approved of . Mr . Colquhoan said it would now be necessary that they resolve whether the Association shonld be continned for the ensuing year . True they had not done a great deal during the year then ended . They hadhowever , maintained their
posi-, tion ; they were stDl masters of the field ; and he was happy to find they were clear with their worthy treasurer . Ha was aware they bad many duneuUies to contend with . Their friends were becoming gradually poorer ; consequently , it was becoming more difficult to raise money ; bnt , through prudence and perservance , be had no doubt , notwithstanding the altered circumstances of the people , and the many stumbling blocks that had been thrown in their way , bat that the necessary means would still be forthcoming . He was desirous to see some alterations in ibeirxules ; but he wished to keep up the Association , both in name and principle . He would therefore move ihat they resolve themselves again into the Glasgow Charter Association . He believed
that there was but one opinion amongst them as to that course . However , that resolution was necessary in . point of form as their year was then expired . Mr . Smith seconded the resolution . He bad no doubt but the Association wonld , by perseverance and integrity on the part of their friends , with tbe alterations that weje about to be suggested in the rules , and which he hoped would be nnanimonsly adopted , Soon be in as i&flnential a position as was ever held by tbe people of Glasgow . Mr . Ancott said if the people would be trne to themselves they would find many ready to co-operate with them ; but it wonld depend on themselves . He was still ready to struggle witb them , pr ovided the working classes would come forward and shew their determination
to secure to the whole community what he ( Mr . A . ) and his class already possessed . Mr . McDonald said , be found the men in his Bhop as earnest as any men ; there was no change of Bentiment—they were ready to act with as much vigour as ever ; he gave his cordial support to theieBolation . Mr . Pettigrew—The people in his locality were as firmly attached to the Charter as at any former period ; they bad been disheartened , but not changed in feeling ; circumstances contributed to cause many good friends to keep aloef for . some time past—interested parties were against them—the faction press was against them—iney bad been deserted by Bonie who once
professed friendship ; bat the worst or an oostacies with which they hitherto bad to wntendi was jealonsy and jarring in their own ranks ; he hoped past experience bad taught them the necessity of guarding against splitting upon this rock in future ; let them act withprndenceand energy ; turning neither to the right band nor to the lett , and he bad no donbt as to their ultimate success . Mr . Climy spoke in a tnr » ' *^^ m anner ot tie feeling in Mary hill . They were anxious to co-operate with the city—they weyo of opinion that the Glasgow Association should be a rallying point for the whole inbnrbs . Mr . Dennis M'Millan would ! sot oppose the resolution , but he
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Tvas of opinion they should have a general association over all Scotland j they should endeavour to come to a general understanding as to a given line of policy , so as to prevent , if possible , a recurrence of those unfortunate divisions that for some time past had diBtracted their ranks . He did not think they should be in a hurry in establishing tbe association for the ensuing year . Circumstances might arise that shonld came them to remodel the articles of the Association before . many weeks went round . He would earnestly recommend to them the plan upon the Land , about to be issued by Mr . O'Connor . Mr . Colquhonn said , as there was no amendment , be would not trouble them with anything like a reply . Hebowever begged to J observe regarding what fell
from Mr . M * MiIlon , that he , CMr . C . ) was entirely opposed to the establishing of another Central Committee in Scotland ; and as to Mr . O'Connor's plan , the resolution now before them could be no obstacle in its way . He would assure his friend , Mr . M'MilIan , that no one could be more anxious to see Mr . O'Connor ' s plan , and to give it every consideration than he ( Mr . C . ) was . The resolution was carried Knanimonsly . The Chairman then asked whether the committee ! appointed to draw up new articles were prrpared [ to report 1 Mr . Colquhoun , on behalf of the committee , brought forward the report . He said it was the ' old rules amended , and he was exceedingly ; -happy that the meeting and the
committee were unanimous as to the continuing the old association . He then read the rules both in the original and amended form , A considerable discussion took place upon tbe third rule , all , however agreed as to the necessity of a change from the original : ultimately the . rules as amended by the committee was all but unanimously agreed to . The meeting wa 8 then adjourned to that night fortnight . These meetings not being confined to members , and as business of a very ] important nature is to be brought forward at the next meeting , it is hoped every friend who can find it convenient will attend . Place of meeting , the Young Men ' s Academy , No . 20 , College-street .
DUBLIN . —Shortly after the usual hour of the meeting of the Universal Suffrage Association , Mr . O'Higgins rose and said , that he was sure every member of the Association would concur . in tbe propriety of adjourning the meeting of the Association till that day week , as a mark of respect for the feelings of their excellent talented and energetic Secretary , Mr . Dyott , who was deeply affected by the loss of a kind and good Mother , whose sufferings were of long duration , but which she bore with truly Christian fortitnde , and resignation to the will of Divine
Providence . Every one who had the pleasure of Mr . Dyott's acquaintance would sympathise with him upon the present melancholy occasion . It must have been a source of no ordinary consolation to the late Mrs . Dyott , that she was conscious of having bequeathed to Ireland , one sterling and uncompromising patriot ; a man ! whose punctuality , energy and perseverance set a bright example to ovary one , and acted as a stimulus te the cause he espoused . The meeting was adjourned t ill six o clock on Sunday , the 16 th inst .
STAtYBRIBGE—On Wednesday evenisg Mr . Leach , of Manchester , delivered a lecture in this place to a very numerous and attentive audience , on the present state of political parties in this country and Ireland . The lecture was listened to with the most marked attention , and elicited the warm approbation of the meeting . It occupied nearly two hours in the delirery-Z £ ZCESTER—The last communication received from the incarcerated Cooper contained the highly interesting wformationi that the Stafford visiting
Magistrates have allowed him all his bookB , and free use of writing materials for his private occupation and to write out two letters per week . Also that Mr . Cooper has commenced his best intended creation , a poem entitled , " The Purgatory of Suicides , " of which he has already written 270 lines in the grand Spenserean stanza . Mrs . Cooper is improving in health , and we hope in a fair way for recovery . The committee beg to acknowledge thankfully the receipt of 63 . 96 . for Mrs . Cooper , from \ he Shoulder of Mutton , Notts , per James Sweet .
WEDWE 8 BURY . —On Monday evening , a meetlog took place in the the People ' s Hall , to hear addresses from Messrs , Pyle and Wild , delegates from the Coal , Lead and Iron Stone Miners Association . Mr . William Tbomason i vtho is a member ber of the body , was called to the chair , and stated , In opening the business of the meeting , the objects of this Association . He also gave a sort of history of unsuccessful strikes for wages , and the increased amount of oppression they bad entailed upon the colliers . After reading to the assembly the credentials of the two delegates , he introduced Mr . Pyle , who addressed tbe meeting and gave an account of the coal trade ; tbe grievances of tho miners ; the
prospectB of the association ; and the saocess attending his exertions among the coal miners of Lanarkshire , Ayrshire , ! and different parts of Scotbind ; and concluded by urging upon the men the necessity of union for mutual protection . Mr . Wild then addressed the assembly , and gave an account of the trade about Wakefield , where the association was formed ; and referred to his own case as an illustration of the serfdom to which capital would reduce thiB numerous class unless a powerful and perfectly legal combination were formed . At the conclusion , the names of several men were enrolled as members of the Association .
There are prospects of great success opening out among the numerous coal and iron-stone population of Wolverhampton , Wednesbury , Bilston , Tipton , Princes End , Dudley , Dariaston , and among the miners of Shropshire . A considerable body of men are now members of the new Union in West Bromwich ; and when arrangements are made to meet other places , similar results will no doubt attend their exertions . The harvest truly is plenteous ; may the operatives soon be united to obtain that protection for their labour to which they are in justice entitled . '¦
BULL . —At the usual weekly meeting of the Council , it was resolved , " That the Chartists residing in the different towns comprising the North and East Hiding districts , be again requested to correspond witb the Chartists of Hull , on the propriety of re-organising the districts'and employing a lecturer . Communications from the Secretaries of the different Associations in the district , to be addressed to Mr . Waiiam Smith , 8 , West-street Court , West-street , HnlL SHEFFIEWJ . —The Comfekenck . —The usual public meeting of the Chartiat body was holden in the Fig-tree-fine Room , " on Monday last , Mr . Green in the chair , when the following resolution , which had previously been agreed to by the Council , was adopted nnanimonsly . Moved by Mr . Geo . Julian
Harney , seconded by Mr . Parkes : " That this meeting having carefully considered the article of the Editor of the Northern Star , on the subject of 'Organization , ' and having fully weighed the objections of the Editor to the date originally fixed by as for the assembling of tbe Conference , are agreeable to itB postponement to Tnesday , tbe 5 th of September , provided the mass of the : Chartist body shall approve of that date . That a ; speedy decision upon the several dates already proposed being indiepeosible , we state for onrselves that whatever date the majority of the Chartist localities may agree to we will give it our support ; respectfully suggesting that the 5 th of September will be the most likely to result in the attendance of a truly National Conference , and the adoption of an efficient Plan of Organization . "
Mr . O'Cohwok and the Depence Fund—The balance sheet of the Defence Fund was then read from Mr . O ' Connor's letter in last Week ' s Star , the statements of which letter was received with warm applause . Mr Royston moved , seconded by Mr . JEvinson , the following resolution—** That this meeting has heard with full satisfaction the letter and balance sheet of Feargus ! O'Connor Esq ., as treasurer to the defence fund , and return their hearty thanks toihat gentleman forhislaborious services in the people ' s cause , assuring him of their unabated confidence and esteem , notwithstanding the unceasing efforts of viperous slanderers and disappointed knaves to depreciate him in the affections of the working classes , whose rights he has so long and
gallantly advocated . " Mr . Parkea at some , length spoke in support of the resolution , denouncing the slanderers of Mr . O'Connor , and warmly eulogising that gentleman . Mr . Julian Harney expressed the pleasure he felt at hearing the sentiments of toe several speakers in support of the resolution , iie denounced the fiendish malice of the traducere of Mr . O'Connor , who were insinuating that that gentleman had escaped imprisonment through some connection with the Tories : the calumny was as much * libel upon him ( Mr . H- ) and the re » t of the defendants in the late trial , as it was upon Mr . O'Connor : and for his part , he ( Mr . H . ) denouneed the slanderers as skulking traitors and cowardly liars—( cheers ) . The resolution was unanimously
adopted . ; Messbs . Peplow , Leach , ahd Raiitom . —Mr . O'Connor's statement respiting Mr . Peplow was then taken into consideration ; also the letters of Mi . Leach , of Hyde , and Mr . Railton , of Manehester . Mr . Julian Harney moved the adoption of the following resolutions : —! . "That in the opinion of this meeting Mr . Peplow is fully entitled to remuneration for bis loss of t&ie , and the return
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of all expences : he may have incurred by the s \ ip » port and assistance lie so generously rendered to our Chartist brethren , at the Special Commission , and late Assize ! at Stafford ; and this meeting cordially approves I of Mr . O'Connor ma&fog Mr . Peplow the said compensation from the monies of the General Defence Fund . " 2 . "That this meeting has heard with pain-and Borrow of the situation ot Mr . Leach , of Hyde j and respectfull y surest to the contributors id the Defence ' Fund , that Mr . O'Connor should be authorised to afford to Mr . Leaoh ( who was onej of the defendant ' s in the late trial , ) such assistance as will enable him to send
for his family | from Ireland ; and this meeting fervently hopes that the Chartists of Hyde will aid their zealous townsman in the restoration of his house , and placing him beyond the reach of tbe persecution of his enemies , and the horrors of destitution . " 3 . That this meeting feeling deep regret for tbe injustice and hardship which Mr . Railton has suffered , as detailed in his letter in the Star of last week , consider that while the Manchester Chartists should have prevented the ; appearance of that letteri yetr that Mr . O'Connor' cannot better apply a portion-of the monies of the Defence Fund , in hand , than by giving to Mr . Railton such a sum as will enable him to recover the implements of his trade bo necessary to him as a working man . "
4 , " That in the event of no opposition being expressed to the foregoing resolutions , we shall consider that Mr . O'Connor will be sufficiently authorised to act upon them forthwith : this meeting expressing . their regret that owing to local demands occasioned by the late persecution , it is not in their power to render direct aid to Messrs . Leach and Railton . " The above resolutions were severally seconded and supported by Messrs . Irvinton , Royston , Parkes , Bnggs , Mellinch , Mason , and others , and unanimously adopted . Mr . Julian Harney road a letter from StockporS enclosing a vote of thanks from the Chartists of that locality to the Sheffield Chartists , for their defence of the democracy of
England from the calumnous slanders of O'Connell in their letter to the Editor of the Nation , published in the NoriherniSlar . The meeting then adjourned . KEBSS . —The Election of a ^ Executive and ~ 7 THE peoposed Conference . —j At a numerous meeting of the Councillors residing in Leeds , in tho Chartlnt room , Cheapside , on Wednesday night , Mr . Westlake in tho chair . Mr . Brook moved , and Mr . Wood seconded * the following resolution , which was carried unanimously , " That this meeting of Councillors is folly alive to to the great Importance of the question of uniting and Organising the Chartist body , and would earnestly call upon the country not hastily to adopt any thing that will have a tendency to mar this desirable object .
" That from a . variety of ciicumataocea which have occurred in the , Chartist ranks , this meeting is of opinion , that the' election of an Executive at the present time 'wonldjbe productive of more disunion than has unfortunately ! taken place already ; and this meeting belives that the holding of a Conference would not realise the wishes of those who sincerely desire to see the Chartist body firmly united together , principally oa account of the limited means of a great proportion of the people not allowing them to send delegates to j represent taeic feelings on many suggestions that have been thrown out ; and consequently the business woald be transacted by delegates from those places only jwhe could afford to send ; and those wonld comparatively be but a fragment of the country , ao that what was adopted would most likely not be accepted by tbe country . ;
" That to prevent all cause for disunion this meeting would earnestly recommend to their Chartist brethren to adopt , until the people are better prepared , some such plan as that adapted by the Birmingham and Midland Connties Charter'Association . This will be the means of uniting more firmly towns and villages together , and can be effected at a trifling cost , by holding the delerate meeting in the centre of the district " ThiB meeting would therefore call upon the Chartists of Bradford , Sheffield , Halifax , Hudderafleld , Dewsbury , and others in the West Riding , to take into their consideration the propriety of a delegate meeting to ascertain their sentiments upon this most vital question , to be bolden as soon as soon as possible . "
ROCHDAI . S . —Last Sunday , Mr , J . Mills , of Whitworth , delivered two addresses in the Chartist Room , which gave very general satisfaction to the numerous and repectable audiences who were in attendance . Several new mombera were enrolled ; and collections were made after . each address , which is to be given towards repairing the church steps ( a public thoroughfare ) . The wardenstfor the current year have made an appeal to the parish for a voluntary contribution , instead of a compulsory churchrate * They were elected by the people in opposition to those proposed by the churoh party ; and they bave made this appeal against the expressed wish of the Vicar , who upon being asked by the wardens to preach a sermon ! and allow a voluntary collection to be made , to assist them in making the said repair , he unhesitatingly refused . They then asked if he would allow another to officiate oil the occasion in the people ' s own parish church , which , with all the humiliation of a parish priest , he also refused .
On Tubsdav , Mr . Gammage , of Northampton , lectured in the Chartist Room , to a numerous audience . He examined the various nostrums that had been proposed by various political and clerical quacks for the evils ip ; church and state , exposing their avaricious and selfish designs ; directing our attention to the attainment of the Charter , as the only sure means whereby we could get out of the " rattle boxes" to the cultivation of the soil , which was the only sure remedy for the distress and grievances o
which we so justly complain '; remarking , that if we had a democratic government more than one half of the taxes which we were at present compelled to pay , might be applied , if necessary , to assist the people in the first instance to locate themselves upon and cultivate the land ; and he concluded by exhorting us to be forbearing and charitably disposed towards each other , and by that means show to the world , ap men and as Christians , that we were not aotuated by selfish or ambitious motives , but had a sincere desire to benefit each other .
OtDHATW . —On Thursday the 6 th inst ,, Mr . James Leach , of i Manchester , delivered an excellent lecture in the Chartist Room , Greaves-street . The Room was orowded to suffocation . The audience bore tho heated atmosphere with great patience , and listened to the lecturer with attention and becoming respect . The speaker dwelt largely on the present position of public affairs , and iu a most argumentative manner exposed the fallacies of the '' free traders . " At the conclusion , he called upon any gentleman who might differ with him on any sentiment he had advanced , to come forward and he would discuss the subject with him . No one appearing , the meeting separated after giving a vote of thanks to the leoturer .
On Sunday , Mr . Davis delivered an address from the 1 (/ inverse of the 9 th Chapter of Isaiah's prophecy ; also , on Monday , Mr . Halliday of this town delivered an energetic and soul-stirring lecture , on "the necessity bf a Working Man's Hall , and its advautages . " The lecturer brought forward a great many arguments : to shew the benefits to be derived from such an Institution . : On Wedefsday last the following resolution wus unanimously passed ' by tbe connoil , "That leoturera wishing ito visit Oldham , must be provided with testimonials , certifying their integrity and fitness , signed by tbe Bub-Secretary of the respective locality to which they belong , otherwise they will not be allowed to lecture . —N . B . —All communications for I the Oldham Chartists must be addressed to William Hamer , Greenaore ' s Moor near Manchester .
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Leeds . —A District , Council Meeting will be holden in the Chartist room , to-morrow morning , at ten o ' clock , on important business . A lecture will be delivered in the same room at six o ' clock in tbe evening . ¦ ' ¦ . Mr . O'Connob will deliver three lectures in { this town , on Monday , Tuesday , and Wednesday , July 31 st , and August 1 st and 2 ad . Subjeqts , " The Land , the Charted and the Repeal of the Union . " Particulars next week .
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London . —Mr . Wheeler will lecture on Monday evening to the Chartists of Bermondsey . Major Bbniowski wi ll leoture at the City of Lpudon Institution , Turn-agaiu-Lane , ou Tuesday evening . Subjeot : —Phrenotypics , or Artificial Memory ; admission twopence . Mahylebone . —Mr . Farra | r will leoture at tbe Mechanic ' s Institution , Circus-street , New-road , on Sunday weening next , July 16 th , at half-past seven o clock . j Barnsduey Park . —Mr . fjussell will lecture at the Flora Tea Gardens , on Sunday evening . Mr . Knight will lecture at ( the Bricklayer ' s Arms , Tonbridge-stroet , New Road , } on Sunday evening . Mile End Road . —Mr . Pussell will leoture on Sunday morning next ; Mr . Benbow in the evening . Dban-stheet . —Mr . Skeltod will leoture at this locality on Sunday next , at eight o clock in the
evening . An Hakmonic Meeting will be held at the Feathers , Warren-street , Tottenham Court Road , on Monday next , at eight o ' clock . The proceeds to be given to the destitute Wife and Children of Robert Wilde , of Mottram , now in the Kuutsford House of Correotion . j South London Hall op ( Science . —Mr . Mantz will lecture here on Tuesday evening next ; subjeot , " The blessings and evils of Royalty . " Stockport . —A meeting will be holden in the large room , Milleate . to-morrow evening , ( Suadav . )
Leicester . —Mr . Bairstow will lecture next Sunday morning , at half-past ten O ' clock , in the pasture , on The Government and the ] People ; " and preach in the Market-place , in tbe evening at six o ' clock . Subjeot : — "The prospects and destinies of Man . " Keiqhley . —The next delegate meeting of this district will be holden in the 1 Working Man ' s Hall , Sun-street , Keighley , on Sunday July 23 rd , at ten o'clock in the forenoon . Delegates are requested to attend from Hawortb , Denholme , Culiingworth , Wilsden , &o . |
Mossley . —A camp meeting will be holden at this place on Sunday the 16 th , add at Staly-bridge , on Sunday the 23 rd inst . Newton Heath . —Mr . James Leaoh will lecture in the Chartist room , Church-street , on Sunday the 16 th inst ., at six o ' olock in the evening—Free
Admission , i Rochdale . —A camp meeting will be bolden tomorrow , Sunday , on Cronkeyshaw , to commence at two o'olock . Mr . J . M . Leach , and several other speakers will be in attendance . Mr . Leach will also lecture in the Chartist room , top of Yorkshirestreet , in the evening at half-past six . Oldham . —On Saaday , to-morrow , Mr . Davis will address the people 6 Oldham in the Chartist room , GreaveB-Btreet , at six o'clock in the evening . Subjeot-. —The rights of labour . Liverpool . —An adjourned special mooting of the Council will take place on next Sunday , » t two
o ' clock , at the house of Mr . Goodfellows , Tarletonatreet , to take the subject of the Organization into consideration . ( A member ' s meeting will be holden at the above place , on Sunday evening , at half-past six , in the Preston-street room , on business of the utmost importance . | Newcastle . —A General Meeting of Delegates of the Miners' Society , will be held in Mr . Jude ' s long room , Three Tuna Inn , ManW Cbare , on Monday 24 th . July , at 10 o ' clock in the forenoon , and as business of great importance will come before that meeting , it is hoped that each mine or colliery iu Northumberland and Durham will have a Delegate there . 1
Hull . —Mr . West will preach two sermons on Sunday next , iu the afternoon , at half-past two o ' olock , on the Dock Green ; and in tbe evening at half-past six , iu the large room of the White Hart , Salthouse-lane . I Mr . West will also deliver a lecture in the Freemasons' Lodge , Mytongate , j on Monday evening next ; the chair to be taken at [ eight o ' clock precisely . Subject- — The signs of the times . " There will be a members ' meeting at the close of the lecture . The South-Lancashire Delegate Meeting will be holden on Sunday ( to-morrow ) in the Brownstreet room , Manchester ; the chair to be taken at one o ' clock in the afternoon .
Cabpbntebs * Hall . —Two lectures will bo delivered in the above hall , on Sunday ( to-morrow ) , by Mr . Wm . Dixon . Manchester Chartist Youths—Mr . Wm . Dixon will delivers leoture on Tuesday evening next , for the benefit of the Grammar ] and Elocution class . Subjeot— "The principles of total abstinence , morally , physically , and scientifically examined . " Halifax . —A delegate meeting of this district
will be held at Siddall , on Sunday , ( to-morrow , ) at twoo ' clook in the afternoon ;! each locality is particularly requested to send delegates , as business of the greatest importance will be brought before the meeting , it is hoped that each delegate will be punctual to the time . j A Camp Meeting will be holden on IUingworth Moor , on Sunday , July 23 rd . j HoLLiNwpOD . —Mr . A . F . Taylor , of Royton , will deliver a lecture in the ChartiH Room , Pew Nook , on Sunday next , at six o ' clock in tbe evening .
A Tba Party will be holden in the Chartist Room , Pew Nook , on Hollinwood Wakes Monday July 24 th . Bradford . —On Sunday , the committee appointed to visit Little Horton and George ' s-street , will meet at nino o ' olock in the Council } Room . Mr . E . Hurley will lecture ] iu the Large Room , Butterworth'buildings , at seven o ' clock in the evening . I The Chartists of Daisy Hill will meet on Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock , to take into consideration the plan of Organization , and report to the Council their opinion ou the same . The Woolcombers , and others favourable to the land question , will meet at two o ' clock ou Sunday , in tbe Chartist Room , Bowling Back-lane .
The Chartists of Manningham will meet on Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock , to re-organize the locality . The old members are requested to attend . The Chartists of George-street are requested to meet on Sunday , at two o ' olock in the afternoon . Tub Chartists of Little Horton will meet on Sunday morning , at ten o ' clock , in tho School Room , Park Place . | ' Towek Hamlets— The General Council of the Hamlets will meet on Sunday next , at five o ' olook in the afternoon , at the Standard of Liberty , Bucklane . J . Mr . Mantz will lecture on ( Snnday evening next , at eight o ' clock , at tho Standard of Liberty , Bucklane , on the "Repeal of tbe Union . "
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GLORIOUS DEMONSTRATION OF THE MINERS ON SHEDDON'S HILL . A public mooting of the society of Miners , was held on the Black Fell , on Saturday , the 8 ' , h . It was by ' ar the largest meeting of any kind that has been held in this quarter since 1839 . j We think there could not be less than 24 , 000 present . Long before the time appointed for the meeting , largo processions of the brawney sous of toil could be seen wending their way to the place of meeting , ] preceded by colours bearing very appropriate mottoes , and in many
instances by bands . We counted 120 flags flying in the breez 9 . Amongst the mottoes we obser ved : —Lumley Colliery , " Let Brotherly love continue ; " Gosport Colliery , Through God weshalldovaliently ; " Shotton Colliery , " United we stand , divided we fa ll ;" Cramlington Colliery , two hands united , with" Union strength ; " Breckenbeds , " The Northern Star , the people ' s friend , " with a copy of the Star in a frame , representing the Massacre of ] Peterloo , and Mr . Hunt ' s Monument . " A fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s work , "" "Lore , Unite , arid " be Free
;"—" Blest be the dear united love , It will not let us part , Our bodies may far off remove , We still are one in heart , " Besides many more which we dould not copy . It is a clear proof of the organized ( state of the Miners ' Sooiety , when upwards of 24 , 000 jcould be congregnted together , without any other public announcement than its appearance amongst the business of the last
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Delegate Meeting , in the Xo ' -ium Star , at the appointed hour . 12 rt ' c ! cck at noon . Mr . A . ND 3 EW Flfmino hms uianimonsly elect I to the chair , who briefly opened the proceedings bf stafing-the object of their meeting , and expressing bis hope that each speaker would got a fair hearing , pldeging himself at the eame tirae that any pcr . ^ n differing in opinion from any speaker , woald have the same privilege . He then introduced Mr . Bt ujimin Embleton ( an operative veteran pitman , and one that has always stood by his order ) who iu a very appropriate speech moved the first resolution , which was ably seconded by Mr . Benjamin Watson ( likewise a working pitman , and a true friend of liberty to the slave ) which upon being put to the vote was declared carried by a vast majority : —
" That in the opinion of this meeting the recent adoption of the restriction plan has been highly beneficial to the miners of the North of England in general , and ought to be continued until the . whole of our brother miners get employment . " Coal Kings and their Taokies to punish such as were honest to their class by depriving them of their employment would at once see the necessity of such as were in work to restrict themselves to a certain quantity . It has had the desired effect already : it has been
the means of compelling many of the coal viewers to give employment to hundreds of their best men who otherwise wonld be sacrificed on account of his principles . We understand that the viewers had their minions there to vote against such resolutions as might be submitted , and thereby prevent their unanimous adoption , which would have been the case if there were none there but pitmen ; but ap it was , it was carried three to one , which was a sufficient proof that the masters with all their boa « fc and wealth cannot compete with the honest working men when united .
Mr . Wji . Hammond , another veteran in the cause of the oppressed colliers , was next introduced , who , after expressing bis pleasure at seeing so goodly a number present of his old companions in the good cause , if they had come there from choice ; be believed necessity to be the impelling power . Tha tyrannical oruelty of their drivers was the cause that has turned his pleasure into sorrow . But as Hamiloar laid Strict illjunetions upon his infant soo , Hannibal , to wage war for ever with the Romans , he , in like manner , while tyranny and oppressioa lasted , would bo prepared to lift his voice against it , and to advise his brother slaves to do the same . Mr . H ., after enumerating many of the grievance * of which the miners had to complain , moved the following resolution , which was ably seconded by Mr . Paul Atkinson , and adopted : —
"Thatin the opinion of this meeting , individua colliery strikes ought to be cautiously adopted : and that no colliery should strike until they havefirat tried every legal and constitutional means to remove their grievances . " Mr . Francis Smith was called upon to move tha 3 rd resolution , which was seconded at great length by Mr . Beesley , and agreed to unanimously : — "That in the opinion of this meeting , a law fund should be immediately instituted by the payment of one halfpenny fortnightly from each member of the society for that purpose . That a . committee be forthwith selected to conduct such fund , and that all cases-of grievances be laid before that committee previous to legal proceedings being resorted to . "
Mr . Cock burn in a very argumentative speech , very appropriate for the occasion , moved tbe following resolution , which was seconded in a speech in a similar ^ train , by Mr . Samuel Kydd , and carried by deafening cheers . " That the best thanks of this meeting is due , aud hereby respectfully tendered to the proprietor and Editor of the Northern Star for their readiness on all occasions to advocate tbe cause of right against might , being the only journal in England which , in the opinion of this meeting , has unflinchingly taken up the cause of the oppressed colliers . " Mr . Beesley was elected lecturer for the Miner ' s Society , '
A vote of thanks was given to the Chairman for his impartial conduct in the chair . It was theu announced front the chair , that a General Delegate Meeting would be held immediately at the Mill House large room , where tha attendance of the delegates from the different collieries was forthwith expected . The public meeting was then dissolved .
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AMD LEEDS GENEEAL ADVERTISER . ! . : .. i
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: YOL- VI- NO . 296 . SATURDAY , JULY 15 ^ 184 3 . PWCB P £ ? £ Z £ &SE 2 T " " t . ' — -.... ' " ; ' ¦ ¦'¦ ' - ——— _ .
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The Meeting of Delegates from each colliery in the Miner ' s Society commenced in tke Jong room of the Mill House Inn , about half-past three o ' clock , Mr . George Charleton , of South Shields , was unanimously elected to the chair . Mr . Benjamin Embleton was appointed doorkeeper .
The names of the delegates were then read over , when each had to produce his credentials . It was discovered that the room was inadequate to contain the number of delegates present , and it was agreed that they adjourn to a field near the Inn . Prior to leaving the inn , we counted 150 delegates , and believe some to have arrived afterwards . The Chairman having taken his place , the Secretary read the minutes of the previous meeting of delegates , which were confirmed . The Delegate from Cramlington laid the oase of his constituents before the Board . The masters there had decreed that unless each man hewed ten corves of coals per day , one penny per ton was kopc off . Now the general restriction admitted only nine
corves for a day s work , aud ithe men hoped the delegates would see the propriety of allowing them to put a . stop to this system of plunder , by allowing them to hew ten corves daily , as they give as much for the tenth as for any two corves , if under ten . The subject was discussed pro aud con . The Delegate said he was instructed to say that to shotv that it was not personal motives that induced them to bring the subject forward , they were willing to sink the extra amount in the fnnds of the society ; it would theu do some honest man good ; bat they could not reconcile themselves to stand with their eyes open , and see themselves robbed in this way . But at the same time they were willing to stand by the decision of the majority .
It was ultimately agreed that the miners of Cramlington restrict themselves to three shillings per day . The balance sheet of the society was next sub * mitted ; and , after some discussion upon , it , five auditors were appointed to audit the books of the society , viz . Messrs . Bailey , Storey , Bulbeok , HaughtOH , and Downs . It was then proposed , on the plea of economy , that only one delegate from each district be sent to the General Delegate Meeting in future , instead of one from each colliery , as at present ; when it was agreed that this resolution be held in abeyance , until the opinion of each colliery is taken on the subjeot . A-Delegate then proposed , That each delegate be requested to lay the following suggestion before his constituents at his earliest convenience , viz . — That-the various contributions be for the future
retained in eaoh respective district , with the exception of £ 30 to be always kept in the hands of the General Treasurer . Messrs . Richmond , and Martin Davison were suggested as fit and proper persons to become lecturers for this society ; and that this suggestion be submitted to the different collieries previous to election ; any other mode being contrary to our former arrangements . That no monies whatever be paid oat of the general fund for strikes , or any other purpose , excepting for tbe organization of the society . Carried . That this meeting do now adjourn until Monday , the 24 th of July current , when it will be resumed iu Mr . Martin Jude ' s large and commodious room , Three Tuns , Manor Chare , Newcastle , at ten o ' olock in the forenoon . — Carried unanimously .
The Secretary announoed thai there were four * teen lecturers now employed by the society , and he was happy to inform them that he bad flattering accounts of the progress of the union in Yorkshire , Derbyshire , Staffordshire , Wales , Cumberland , Scotland , and all places where lecturers were sent to . The cause of right against might is daily increasing , and he hoped the day was not far distant , when all the miners of Britain and Ireland , whether lead , iron , stone , or coal , will form one mighty phalanx , that could hurl defiance at tyranny and oppression wherever it might attempt to rear its head . A PUBLIC MEETING OP THB FEMALES of GoSDOrt , Fawdon , and Kenton Collieries was held at the
Jubilee Pit , Ccx-lodge , on Wednesday evening last , to take into consideration the propriety of forming an association of the females of that district to prevent any future advantage being taken in the outlay of the small pittance earned by the oppressed colliers , and used for the subsistence of their families . Mrs . Mary Walton , having been called to the chair , briefly opened the proceedings , by stating the object for which they had met , and introduced Mr . Beesley , who addressed the meeting on the subject in grand style , for upwards of an hour ; after which several of tne ladies gave a statement of the grievances of which they had to complain , and the following resolutions were unanimously agreed to : 1 st . That we , the females of Kenton , Fawdon , and GOBforth , in public meeting assembled , do hereby pledge onrselves
to pay ne more for such of the following articles as we may . purchase than the affixed prices , viz . s new milk , pint and half , Id ; old ditto , three pints , Id ; butter , 8 d per lb . ; prime beef , 4 id per lb . ; prime mntton , id per lb j potatoes , &o . " to be referred to a committee to fix their price ; and that we will discontinue the use of such articles until they can be procured at that price . " " 2 nd . That this meeting ; do further pledge themselves to use all means left them by the constitution to assist their huabandp , fathers , brothers , and sweethearts , in removing the insufferable tyranny whicbJftje « flas |» A ©« lt the miners of Great Britain ^ l ^ Fner m ^ SflHBM ; to dissolve sooner than < nt « y i ^ Njii f ayfei jM ^^ tf a thunder storm , which reAd ^^^^ ad ^^^ continue out of doors ajfanlSBger .,, w T ^ ECoon ^^ flDt be less than 500 ^ omeijIw ^^ j ^ tr ^^ Q ^^^ j > tV is
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 15, 1843, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct490/page/1/
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