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;¦{„ ¦ ., ¦ •: .„¦ SAttJRI)AY V! kA^A;-1838.iS,::,,, :
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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. . ^ M—i -yhyrrr-feT . ^ - ^ pier ^ twirTOyg tngrtae reportof her M « f ^^* i sira §^ to ^ Smira ?* &e ball at Devonshire j ^ oose witb _ her-presence , is without foundation ^ •< ?¦ - ¦ - ^ . ¦ Peel PiNKBBi ^^^ saii ^ bat ^ lO Members of the House of Conmofcs have p 4 t down their names to the Peel flTTrnrT ^ n ^^ Sfe-V ^ . Ttf Loxd DtfMAlil-iES ^ Dj ^ m arrived " Portsmouth on Mondiy erening */ f ^ e em bark ed on board the Hatting * / jBFtEe foiling morning , and sailed immediatelj , m& « ' £ air wi $ L The CoTTNTB 3 » € ta £ oaiN confinces indisposed ; Her LadjsWp . i ^ gHB ^ di ^ iNM 11161118
-Borne statelflyHberal B < tan § w ^ j&covering fromhisi ^ jHpp V ^; OT ^ DEAT ^^^^ keiill , the prbpnetor ^ f the fireworl ^^^^ Sred bB ;^ preTteasjJaaday Sea mm * 0 fr * V& -in * : » ? Bartoflemew ' s Hospitatd ^ iKi ^ * WSrf « 5 ^ ed 5 * jlfect . ing bi ^^^^^ & ^^ » ft ^^^ Sherifl ^ ^^^^^ ar ^ baij 0 ^ 1 % ^*^^ eek , ^^¦ j ^^ gi ^^^^^ pMRiva ^ - ^^^^ ere « rde ^^^ S ^^ er « a ^ jt 3 * fc ^ ^ . - |^ 4 iDt 0 8
Sxi 1 ^ p 5 oLicE . ^^* l ^^ 6 Se N be , organised ^ . and . ' a ^^^^^^^ ' ^^ Mure . Kew Pod ^ "J 5 i"w 7—in tH 6 'Tlaiton Poor Law Union , no fewer than ievfirilesi townships have reftised to retarn Gttaxdiaos tp the , Board . . .. _ _
A kkw Coach has been started betweenBrighton and Southampton . It professes to do the distance in six hours . " . . . . Pbikcb of , Moscowa ,- —The Prince of Moscowa has written tee . entire music of a new Petite Opera , in two acts * of which report speaks bigbly . Death . -Mr . « T . J ; Ing , the dramatic author , expired on Saturday morning , in liis 39 th year , at Es hon 3 e in Bean&ri-rnSldnigfi , Strand . : His works were written under tKe 4 iame of % i Stafford , " but for no particular reason . " \ MiKRiAaB . —The Brussels papers state that the Belgian Minister of War is to be married to a sister of Sir Robert Adair , formerly English Ambassador to that . Court ., "
. Sfbiko \ Eashiojjs . —Tbe unfavourable / state of the weather is so inimical to tbe introduction of spring fashions , thai some of the Magazines say—* ' For Spring fashions see December . " Appointments . —Government have appointed < rae of the » ns orMr . leigh Hunt , and the eldest son of Mr . Sheridan Knowles , to Clerkships in the < Jeaeral Register Office . ; A Bbanch Railway from Northampton to the London and Birmingham line is in contemplation , and a survey has jnss been completed by an , engineer , whose TepoTt is favourable . The cost would probably be between forty and fifty thousand pounds . Dssebtbb . —Friday , the Hon . Algernon Curzon was escorted by a corporal's party ^ as a deserter , to his regiment lving at Chatham .
Mb . Hastie , M . P . for Paisley , has been presented by his constittiects with a bait of himself , executed by Mr . FilLtfl 33 & self-taught artist . The Eabl of Essex , it is said , has settled on Miss Stephens , his new Countess , £ 5 , 000 a-year , and-lie manor and demesne of Cashiobury / for her He . The Countess has two brothers , and previous to her marriage disposed of her own property as she pleased , with the perfect concurrence of the Eari of Essex . It is a iact that , by permission of the nofaks lord , the Countess at present writes ali his franks , signing them " C . Essex . * roRGERY . —There are at present in circulation a number of well-executed forged one pound Bank of Ireland notes , _ I * o . 24 , 543 , dated 5 th July , 183 J , alia " signed W , Bennett .
Clebicai .. —We understand that _ ihe Bishop of Peterborough has filled uj the vacant prebendal stall , and bestowed-the favour upon the ^ V'euerable Archdeacon Strongj who is abpve" 80 f years old—A Fib Plaxtatiox of 30 acres , belonging to the crown , and situate near the Military College , Blaekwaterj was destroyed -by fire on PrMay morning week . It was first discovered between eight and nine o ' clock ; and no doubt was maliciously set fire to . —Windsor Express . The Moniieitr officially announces the appointment of Marshal , Sdnlt , as French Extraordinary Ambassador to England , on her Majesty ' s
coronaoon . Aerostation . —This science will receive an additional impetus daring the ensuing summer , from the launching about the middle of . May of a vast machine of > mn » pny > powers , eonstreeted by -a number of scientific gentlemen on the principle of MontgolSer . It is upwards " of 200 . feet in circumference and 130 feet in height * -No ascent has ever been made in England wvh a balloon of this des--eripaon . It is to be calkd the *• Queen ' s Royal Aerostat / ' in honour of oar .. gracious Sovereign , and the first ascent will take place -at the Surrey Gardeas . - . - . -. ¦
Cosonatios . —Some of our contemporaries have takenlt cpon"themselves to announce that the Cor-• onaiioB . ef her-Majesty was to be postponed to August , if not to seme-more distant -period . 2 $ ow , although we possess-no means of knowing what is determined at Privy Councils until the- official an-EouBcement is-madej " we do , nevertheless , undertake in this initasce , to « Ute , ' sot as a"mmour but as a certainty , that * there is no intention , whatever -of po = tpom * BgTi » coTonation of oar beloved Sovereign bevBua the'monthi of JtineV If" we were , like some of osr contemporaries * , fe » - indulge in ^ 6 oBJ&cture& on the rabjec ^ weshonld saf-ibai -the 29 ft of Jnne -wonU prbbaily-betbe dW . —Observer . - ¦ -
Royal Plate Closet at Wia-Kson . —The royal plate atTflfindsor is kept in " one tolerably-sized room and adjoining closet , . ^ nd is . rained at SlJbQfiOi ) ster ^ ngi ' There i ? onje gold serjiee , &ru ^ by . George TV-,,, to dine ISO ^ gu ^ ts ; same pieces were taken from , ti ^ e SjraiUi'h Armada , some brought from IndiayBuraah , Chii ^ , &c ; -, one . vessel belonged t < i , Charrea . , XU H Swederi ^ and ^ ipther to the Sng of Ara fl a ' jBacp / i , of jjfe ^ eions . stones , TaVnmi at ^ " £ f / l Artft « n < i « ' t ^ rtor ' a itrnnA / Ti-nrirwn ' a
footstool ) wii a spiid ingot , of gold &r _ his tongue , and crystal . teej ^ j npmerous ^ andJ ^ spjenididly oxnaateated ga ]^ L ? hiJd ( 3 » j . o » f inaae . fe > ni snuff-boxes , value 8 j € ^ guineasj ^ aqd 3 ^ J&Beii oJf ylates , 3 ffhirh cost % S guineas e ^ cit-piate , ' , JTheVmagni ^ cep t alter vine cooler , " m > Jdj | for . ^ reor ^? IY ^ is « iek > sed -with plate-gla *!; ite ^ uperlj , g ^ asMg andjO ^ erjornajaental Koiis oMupied ^ o yeara ^ an ? tro ] full grown persons jnay 4 t jbj . it . witiiout Inqpar ^ oience .. . .
Accidektv—A «« S « iguard njaBffiamed Parker , was blown over the " ^ lifip at-BeSehyiiSead ^ ¦ a : few -days ago-. ^ J ! e HaiS bWi ~ COHver *^ -Iwiar * friend a few miimteg befbre--and < J » ey - ! Sbdi 1 partedy w ^ en- fhW kttfiilwarB a- % creato ,-and ¦ to -bS- ' asiloiashnieiit his fiiendioa-di ^ peafea . ' - WhefeeT- 'feiar & > sudden gnst of-vrin * fiUing tiw iirg ^ cl 6 a * ? n- ^ hi * h' he was « iT « aripe 4 , ^ 4 rH ^ fer fro " ih ? waist % f ^ titioii- eannot hcaseertaiaeai" ~ >^ .- ± - -- _" -:.- -s- » : " FiTAl . BofitB ExPl . psios . ^ On . Priday night at ' the
wedc , a «^ a ^ SoBerbur ? t cotf 6 n ' factory of Mes % * . ^ X » B e ^ a ^; S ^ n > , in ^ e ^ ghej "' . ^^^^ , - StoeJtiolt 'by wKelf nib $ pergoiis /' we ^ e' dreadlhlly «< aHeC an £ oWW $ ™^* & > h * t 'i&liie vzx' ^ w ¥ ave ^ na ^^ X 6 nibJ 6 m ) m ^ abou \ , ' thirty leart- ^ i ^ - ' ^ Hl . fr ^ nned'Jid ^ ruins idaused by the expl ^ on /' ena " * iui ~ tsik&i . 'ifetVJHghtfijDy ttMiKlea ' corj ^ . * Tb £ alixtf ^ aaifef ^' lie' exploson amonB Qie nanas emploYea in the mHjwas so greaf that' several inen lumpea smt a £ , £ he second floor wihfo ^ thu ^^^ OT ® as : kM £ - : - ¦
SiKaxiuar > 8 T 3 iS * x . 4 AG 4 ^ Sfedlierf ^ rtweelc , - a taWann ? « Kte hi S ^^ LoBH ^ dVitH ^ -Edintmrgh , « tes ^) tai ta / tak »* ix 4 ife » 4 fc » sfe « CH »» Bgj 3 KStraordl a « rr BHraneri > s- ^ Bl ^ i ^^ bfn ) i » lu 9 Tiasag 6 ter « tbe ley of b « hDH » wfefct-4 ^ tofa-ei ; aa 'tocfc ^ krtn « if m :- ^ Hftben 4 o « dei stwdadikvts ^^ wiaAbit ^ Aite a'pmot-. iafaKwbttfo * &a& * aeliakmm > borel t ^ mh . *> tta , wteofe ^ oonttirM bembootiitBttrhia Ws- ^ . ^ attAen tirJiifeiIi 4 fidtam = « he « iis
^ F ^^ epwted ^ fflpelesari , - Be feai Wit m * -ST * S ? f ? •^* B * F « frB * * 3 vp > - ,: » J —TlraralaV ^ O ^ W % M $ ^*^ $ &- S ^ X' ^ ^* P SS ^^^^^^^ S ° * Sf ^ Pfi ^ flFfS WJ » TOtT * wMRnUn AA ~ ' ^^^^^ m ^^^^ M
'Vhsbbsv * m r ^^^ W ^^^ Ji ^^ l ^^^^ jp ^ w ^ niE : ; ^ ¦ S # J@te » i ^ i ^ t ^/ e xcellent cha-
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r YPBBTCbBD ST > T £ OF THE PotlSH ^ -RKFtr bsES . — "We regret to find fltat the poor Poles are again reduced to the greatest extremity . We use the word extremity in-iJfrJJ ^ J ^ fense , for it is now life or death vrith ^^ 'liDfcliipte exiles , lne funds applicable . Ac ^ ie TOppbrt ^ ghose excluded from the benefifc ^ % he governme |||^ it are completely exhaust&pi ^ e consegoetf ^ liay be easily imagined . Sta *^ on has actualH ^ pmmenced its ' frightful process , anl many of flioie brave men , whose heroic valour in " the cause of fieedom and their country has rang through everj corner of the civilised world , ' - ' st . this - moment , in this city of luxury , haveaottasfc ^ foodforitw ^ otthree days . "
Gbbat Sf ^ TBBN RAU . WATi 4-Tfe works of this raUwayr ^ ifcniaXing confiderable'ia ^^ a , botti at the I / jad ^ dB \ and Bristol ends of ttafe |^ p ^; It is the inteat 6 ^ B £ < the company to open Swff" : L 6 ndon to Maideilg ^ -iB the beginning of June ;} assistance from towa ^^ & ; tbe railway , of aboat ^* wen ^^ hree miles , if ^^^ however , has yet 1 « H 6 B . || x ^^ It is contenrpiatt ( l | itfcfOpen the Bristol eDiw ^ 6 » jme as far as Bat |^| : 'ibout twelve months ^ = ^ ph ^«^ tonee is aboufe ^ pe ^ tiBnes . . - '" ¦ - ¦ rSi- ^ :: > . ILAi ^ ii ^ r ^ EEKi . y Mail CoMMTTNicjctioN iy steam $£ 23 &aut to commence befareen : Abepdeen and Iierwa ^ feftYthe , Shetland Is % »^ ,.. ' ^ . .-v - >^\ " - . ' - ¦ "' \? : - ' 0 . ¦ ' ¦ ¦ - ••' - ' - " ¦ ¦ ¦ - ' - ¦ ¦ ' " ' ¦ ¦ : ' .. - Sf ^^^ M ^ DlisCT STEAM ^ SMJnrKiH'TMiN
is abbntpftake pkee v t etwe ® lJma £ « m $ S * m . ? *? - .- ^ ^~ TZ "' - :- . ^ 'A- ' ^ j ysf ^'^; - KBKDA . L . —R ^ p ^^ fro . ^^ ttDBBl ^ jp ^ weatest senssfibn has pmyai ^> i ^ i ^| towifeib ?; iSendal and Milnthorpe , and the neighbourhood , during the last few days , in consequence " of a well authenticated report of a panper inmate of the Milnthorpe workhouse having been foully murdered by another inmate , with the knowledge of the governor . True it is , fiat a man of the name ot Robinson was interred at Heversham on Thursday last , under the most suspicious circumstances , from that workhouse , and these have been strengthened by the information of the paupers , when ontof the house on Sundayj to that
degree as . to cause his disinteraentibr the purpose of an investigation before coroner ' s jury , and the person who . is said to have committed the foul deed has bsen apprehended . Such , however , are the conflicting statements told of this horrid- affair , that it would be unjust to report them in a newspaper previous to a full investigation into the case . The name of the person apprehended is Thomas Holme , who had been . mysteriously discharged from the workhouse after the death of Robinson . A boy , who , it is said , would have been a material evidence , an imate of the workhouse , has abseonded . — Whilehaven Herald .
Novel Fbattd , —Clandestine Marbiage . -r-The bans of marriage between Mr . Thomas Cox , of Burton-on-Trent , Staffordshire , and Miss Steer , of Mickleorer , in this county , were recently published ia St . Werburgb ' s church ( both parties , of course , being parishioners of St . " Werburgh ' s ) .- On Friday , April 13 , -a . couple presented themselves to the minister , and were married by him as Mr . Cox and Miss Steer ; both were strangers to tbe rev . gentleman . No sooner had the new married couple left the church to ruminate on the solemnity of its marriage service , than the real Mr . Cox and Miss Steer entered , and to the great astonishment of the minister demanded that he would marry them , stating who thev were . In vain did he assure them ,
that be had either just concluded marryiDg them , or that they could not be the above-mentioned parties , tbe publication of whose bands had just expired . They felt , nevertbeles . ? , quite satisfied with their own identity , and still continued to demand his performance of the ceremony . " The minister , "however , could" not be prevailed upon to exynply ; he could not marry two couples with one pair of bands 5 and , after a con-iderable remonstrance , the dis ppointed party left the church , and obtained a license , by which they . were Tnarried , we believe , in the same church on the following day . By this dishonest proceeding , Mr . Cox was not only robbed of his halfcrown for publishmg the bans , " but was put to the expense of getting a license . —Derby Reporter .
- ; i Uxj ^ s ^ Hall . —Yesterday a strong able-bodied young man ,-named Wilson , was biougbt before Mr . Jerremy , charged with stealing a brass cock and a quantity of lead pipe , the property of a lady named Mitchell , residing at Kennington . The prisoner was discovered at tbe rear of the complainant ' s house , between 3 and 4 o ' clock that morning , in the act of cutting away the leaden pipe communicating with the water-butt , a quantity of which material wa * found in his possession when taken into custody , as well as a brass cock , which he had dragged away from the water-butt , leaving the water to deluge the vard . —Pr isoner . I don't deny the offence , I was
starr ing at the time , and I was obliged to go athievinj ; toget myself some food . —Mr . Jerremy ^ aid that he wra astrongpowerfulyoungfellow , and ought to workfor his bread , instead of going about robbing people ' s bouse * . Prisoser . I can ' t get work , and what am I to do ? My-parents are dead , and I have no friends to give me a farthing . —Mr . Jeremy said , that he was convinced if the prisoner sought for employment that he could obtain it , but the reason of his not having work was in consequence of his propensity for thieving . —Prisoner . If I had work to do at all I would do it , but I have been starving about the streets , and would rather be at once sent to gaol than lead
such a life as I have been doing . —Mr . Jeremy said , that he had just been informed the prisoner had T > een in gaol before . —Prisoner . I don ' t deny that , but it was not for felony ; it was for sleeping in an outhouse , having no other . place io rest myself , after prowling about- the town in quest of employment , which I could not get . The prisoner then supplicated that he might be sent for trial , as any sentence that'might be passed upon him could not make his situation worse than it was ^ at all events he would have the bensSt of a roof to cover him , besides food , sneh a ? it was , and also a bed . The prisoner was then committed . . . .
Digxjtt of the Peerage . —At the Henry-street Police-office , Dublin , on Thursday last , after the disposal of the minor fry cases , a constable ushered into the hoard-room a gentleman of rather n foreign appearance , and atured in an undress military frock , who was presented to the magistrate as the Earl oi RoscpKonon . - ' _ His lordship , marching forward with an air of offended dignity , and keeping his hat on , addressed the magistrate as follows : — " Ar * yon aware , ' Sir , that I am entitled to wear my hat in this room as a peer ? It is my privilege , and I make use of my privilege . " Magistrate . —I know of no privilege ; there is no distinction of persons here ; 1 can permit no person to remain here covered .
" Lord Jtoscommon . —Sir , I claim my privilege ; I cMmilxe privilege of The ^ peerage . -Magistrate . —1 know ofno such p rivilege , and must insist on your removing your hat ; ' / I make no distinction , in favror of any one . Yott will please toremove your hat ¦ - ¦¦ -. , •' Lord Roscommon—Well , I shall take off my hat ,, bni must protest against being obliged to do so . I will show you again the . privileges of the peerage . . __ His lordship , now ' standing uncpveredjlisteneu with dignified nonchalance to the accusaticJn of the policeman » l * 4 j C , who statedy Qiat latfr 6 n thejirevious nigat he found the noble lord in Srickyille-stfeett , drunk , and perfectly iilcapsble of taking care ^ df him-¦
sell . •• - ' Km being qnes < aooea , ne could -give no acconnt . of himself , nor tell "wherehe lod ged ^ " bat to the thter-^ ogatories of . the . policeinatt > hen ? epHed in . anai&gry ^ one , Begone , sirrah .: Molest me not ; laiayour . : Kiag . " ThepolicemaivastonndtJdAt the jumoBnce--. roeo ^ of a pretender to ue thrpc e ^ insiitedeainaking , hanz . prisoner , and broughilimtd the atation ^ iqusef where he ' . remained ^ six o * cioc ) c jn toe n ^^ rBing , '' whiii his lordship was bailed by Mr . ^ Doyper , of jSte- ' phen ' s-green , to appear thii day ( TKuisday ) . Magistrate ( to his loraship ^ -youiiave neafa " the ' oi uai ? ¦
- wiujMauii , r ; n nareyvu Z&rayQT jOVTteu f . ' ixaA Roscommon > -I pledgeiiiiy ^ foiour hi -ffS ^ ei , lhatfais charge is falser 1-was not orirnki- " ' r : .. Mafbtrate . ^ Tliat'Tirill' not ? dkj ;•• • cTae p&i&tam pdji ^ jwely aaserta « o oath that yea . irasTdrnnk . - ¥ obr pledges of honou ^ ar e no answer * : /; Hwte . ywb : aoy ' means ; to-proTe that yonriras irot drunk , b&I » bi « r to ' J ^^ jwreo / jonnselt ?^^ :. 7 . , " > < . ; \ . -. , ' . > - ' i -P 4 f : f 9 sq ? iwJM .- ^ ee ^ , % a ^ plg ^ WislheiK Tionour , that is their pnvxjeee ,.. Even an the HpuseoT iidrds it is held < iui ( e s ' umci 6 ntj 4 ni sureljr . my ' doing so is answer enough to ifiis ' Charge " . "I again ' repeat J : was not drnnk- - i : < ¦¦¦ .. ' > : n- . .-r . . - . * •' j < 1
i-3 Ia # jpouc 8 inan said Ms lordsnip ^ wasso ^ ru ^ Pti ^ J haineitheT knew , -whence be camEjTior -wbithri he . ¥ & gfflWm * .. - : ¦ < -:. ' -.. " - ; , ; .:. t . i in ii . ^ agutra t ^ ^ yoa ^ ustsabautto U ^ uM ^ pwtolty * l ^ ie ^ qn ^ s . ior bemgjdrunjt in .-the public , j ^ reets iiidiBcapaole bj taJaJige&reQt yov / afSf , r . , „ . r I ¦ ' &j § WQe of-Xste fJlaipstriite , " ^ WA $ QWfl'i'WQ- i *)^ ^ TOTras , andreplacing . Jbii hat on ^ Isaeao ! . i } ro % ^ eded-»« -.- » * r * -ffi . - *\ -i " . ; * -r ^ n . f - - ^ L ' ^ ' f- ' -s if * . ^¦ tfWii ^ nf **~ -Aj -U- ' ^ i KF- VBBSaAVOSo 1 £ 1 CTOOni UjTUeaOvT . " \~ - Magistrate . —Sir , I hxsiat on your keeping $ ff ybor : hatintiiisroom . . _ - ^ 3 _ y < r / i' ^ ¦ — * ' - - T . v Mia InFiiitiin <{< u > 1 it > mi r > ncwiionf % 0 . _ - « -
^ ; M ^ tra ' te rCoh ^ feJri ^ o ' ^ tH ^; fen ^ anwi ^ ^^^^' ^^^^^^ W ^^ ii ¦ Tdkm ^ Tmon ^ Mi ^^ hafc ^ s * ' - "'¦ *'•• - ** .. ¦*•'• ' ni ^ noBfr ¦ i- . tiiiiTji't i ' - ; : l ^ i-ttois ^ blereftbvedhufWeMMp ^ hat-1 ' - ' : : .-, Lord RoKcommon . —I rtafi ^ rytm' heaf furlhef of ti ^^ si-wBl ^ uHr-yiwcji ^ fiWtegi ?/ ¦ fcr- » ¦ ¦ ' : '• ' - MkgslxateiT ± Shi < if i 9 u , * tevao ^ iror « M will commityoBS-bewaw . - " - u'r j ¦ : . - - ??' . s- ^ iv - ' V- ' '• " "Hi s lordship , ia sifent i » difB » ti 0 i ^ tlien wftdiew .
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' f ^ Uf tv ebsai ; S ^ FFBAOB . —Tte traded-of-Glasi gow are pr ^ a » g | g ^« t ^| t ^ reat fub ^ 5 "demonstration" in favour of univer « al suffrage in that ci ty . It is fixed for tte . twenty-first instant , and Mr . Attwood j ^ t ^ p ^ Wends" from Birmingham are to be | JHgpP > a&at The trades are to come forwW ^ thiit , as on-Mlner occasions , withflags , ban ^^^ e . ^^ -
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- - -5 M-- * - - .. ' . ¦¦ .- ¦ . - . ¦ " GREAT MEETIN < G OF THE WORKING CLASSES . AT SHEFFIELD .
On Monday evening fait , Mr . OPConnpr was invited to address the wodune men of Sheffield , in the Town HalL At seven Vcfock , the : appointed hour Mr . O'Connor tmtere ^ -i ^ e ^^ . accompanied by die Committee « Ftiifi ^^ oi'kfiigjftt&s Associjttwn ^ and wasrecei ^ W ^ Vaitass ^ mblaie with tlJ ^^ demons&alM ^^ f ^ iaR : * - ^ ' - - . ^ ZtT * ' ' Mr . G ^^^^ roi « d ^ 4 b chair .: H ^^ aStfliat the men ' ofii ^ ela mn ^ now or never iprrng : np and throw ^ fftaw lethargy—that around th eattuipy heard tb ^ yoi& i ^ ot freedom , while they stffl ^ hanbered . ' Binntogham -had pjice more cailjE ^ ^ 6 on them , , a ^ ^ ft © J » ffig ^ ks foijght and losf ^ y Ue apathifeglltt ^^ i ^^ al ^ orfd /^ ieir : nrngxtar shv . or&ifc-. vr ' nnYfc-ihifo . io ** vim ? . fft tfieii ^ ord » ?
dHHBte their | fl ^ prbW v WM ««^ " ^^ deuiai ^ % oi ^ ffieir ener ^ es ftnd ^ exS ^ ons was jnst ; the Tespbnpe he felt conhdent would be unanimous . ( Hear , neSt . ) They knew his views—they had l ® 6 n , heard him ; but he , knew tiiej yfere . impatieiit to . hear their : champion , Feargus 6 Connof —( cheers j ^ - ^ and , therefore , he wbuld conclude by introducinf that gentleman . Mr . O'Connor then advanced , and was received with cheering and clapping of hands . He sa | d he : was happy that as the defects of the Reform Bill had been selected for discussion , that the
Chairman had alluded to the men of Birmingham , as the completion of the promised measure should rest wmi those who had fought for its accomplishment , but who now perceived \ that instead ot a boon they had got a dagger , ( Hear , hear . ) The Reform Bill , said Mr . O'Connor , was not a thing of Radical creation , or of Democratic imagination . No , it was the foster child of the Whigs , —( cheers)—who , when out of power , said , w , jnst see what the rascally Tories do for you ; only give ns the Reform Bfll , and you shall have vout fullest measuie of -political vignts . ' ( Cheers . ) Well , they beat- the Tories for the Whigs , and instead' of redeeming those pledges which carried Reform , they join the Tories in beating their old
friendfi , the Radicals . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) When they wanted you , a noble Chancellor of the Exchequer condescended to correspond with the Unionists , and when the Unionists gained the battle for theiri , they transported them . ( Cheers and hear . ) Under these circumstances , continued Mr . O'Connor , the men of Birmingham are called upon to arouse and make another , struggle . It was Brougham , Russell , and Co . who instructed the people in their political creed ; they . were the men who laid down the outlines of * the Bill , the whole ; BiU , and nothing but the Bill . " That Bill said you men of the manufacturing towns are too
valuable not to be represented j the boroughmongers'don't represent you , you shall all have a vote , —( cheers )—and the people believed them ; The Reform Bill was a virtual abrogation of those laws which were made by men who committed suicide , because they were too corrupt to be confided in . ( Hear , hear , and loud cheeriEg . ) the manufacturing interest could be collected by ring of bell , the agricultural interest was thinly scattered Tipon the lace of the country , and therefore your agitation succeeded * but your success was the granting of power to men who made your degra dation the terms of their support with ministers
( cheers ) . The ballot , said Mr . O Conuor , to the 1 rish forty shilling freeholders and old freemen would be a better reform than we have now got ( cheers and true" ) , true , aye , but it would not do to give the ballot to the poor voter ; they never dreamt of such a thing j but during the holidays their member came with his rat trap to claim it for the' wealthy electors , ( hear , hear , hear , ) and that was oue reason why he , Mr . Connor , liked the men of Sheffield , because upon that occasion they bearded all opposition , 'even theopposition of their favourite member , " they came , they saw , arid hey conqu . red , " for notwiihstaiidiiig the master
cutler was a sharpe blade , his vision was a little dull when called upon to decide , ( cheers , ) we had a ma jority ( cheers and we . had , " ) aye , or he would not have refused us a second show . Oh , if the poor Radicalshad acted so , weshonldbave been denounced throughout tile empire ( cheers ) . Mr . O'Connor entered at considerable length into the defects of the Reform Bill , and then said that Universal Suffrage , and that alone , could make Reform complete ( tremendous cheering }; but we are too ignorant continued the leiirned gentleman . Now mark how they cloak ignorance when itserves their purpose . In proposing the ordnance estimates to the Hom « 3 of
Commons last week , Sir H . Vinan apologised for been obliged to undertake the task , in consequence of the ignorance of the young gentleman who bad been recently appointed to the office , but had not yet instructed himself in the business . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Now , said he , we are too ignorant to use the suffrage , but do with the people as they have done with the ordnance clerk , give them the suffrage , and thejwill soon learn how touseit . ( great cheering ) Mr . O Connor having exposed the defects of the Reformfilial considerabie length , went into the question of labour and capital , whereiu he fully proved that there existed no necessity for poverty iu
this country , provided all the proceeds wersequitably dirided amongst those from whose labou r they spring , andhehadno objection to allow that the manufacturer himself wotrid be more happy ar . d as wealthy . ( Cheers . ) But said he , what are your laws , your iusutntionp , youT servauts , and even your boasted building * ? Your building * are jails , court houses , bastOes , bridewells , and bridges for the aristocracy ( Greaicheering . ) Yonr magistrates are par ^ zans If they want a-jailor , thpy-look for a ruffian , and if they reqoire a distributor ojf your films to the poor in the shape of a basrile governor , they , einploy a heartless Devil ,, ( cheera ) instead of a ' jjuld . and kind'hearted
person . You see said he , the lawshate you , the servants and administrators of the Iawpliafe Jotiy and you hate yourselves ! . He Mr . O'Connor had ' peen long spending his titnei 4 ma his money to If ttle advantage in their cause . ' He wanted to know when the cup of misery WaJfuH , as he believed ihe time was not far diatarit when he and they might be called upon to make a yet bolder stand . ( Here the whole meeting rose , and : the spadOns building resounded with hearty cheers * - . Wbici lasted for several sainutesj ) > lr . O * Conoorthen went into a variety of topics connected with the . differeht branc . hes of ti-ade in Sheffield , as with the general commerce of thejeountry , pointing put , as hp prpceeded , flie manner In which Universal Suffrage would correct th « several abuses .
He then . ' adverted-to' the stite of public feeling and general ^ opprekapnin Irelaj p d . : ¦ v . 'He ' aenoraiced the whole ^) oKcy wirh reg ' axd to' thai country ^ - and said , that though it was not now the theatre Of his ' agitation , yet fie never coold ibrget that it was the land of bis bait , and that bojMsver . his ^ policy / may . differ from ofliere ,-y . eteveu the Catholic ? were begjinningto find that he , ' aPr 0 testan . ti . 5 raa for afnller measure of freedom for "them , thah ' wefe tlie T > ag ahdp . ^ icT patriot , of ifte day ,, ( Great cheering . ) ^ England , he said , cannoVought not , iAaffiibt be free , ujilesa Ireland participates ii the"fi * edoni ^ ' ( Hear , and repeated cheers . ) He then sllo ' Wed how Irish poverty affected the English ; isbriur J inarfce't . He ' exposed the manner in which , Catholic EmanoipatiQn . vu wJ ^ T y ^ cteoY to the ggrantf ^ wtale
of ^ Jace-hpnto ^ feljows ,. pe . ^ &igW . Had ' one ^ rtfai ^ g . jRibeew ^ . Mr . ; -p't' 6 nupr addressed tBe meeting &l coj ^ o ^ rable'leiijr th ; bein g "ioudl / cheered all tiiqti&ki ttiffa ^^ ifok ^ part ' of / the ; proc ^^ gs ^ c ^ m ^ moW t impdr ^ nt , - we- are compeKSa ^ d BftTO 1 MrV ; OJC&im 6 i ^ nd 7 td /(( tUnl 'to the «> fee « aSs of * &&' WoltiMg ^ h ^ itMxi bi 'were more mtt ^ estiDg thaoif Mr , i > h » H been i * peidring-4 br Kmtmthi" Uponu vote of ; tbani »> lte irigpropo 8 ed to Mr . OKJonnon 'heiBfainflcametforwaafd , and said , ; t h * rha . idn ^ hjflt ^ at ^ thejbijpa ^ r of . . the . Oyeat NAr thgrtt ^ ywpa , ^ WouWjajce that . pwortoitj o entering br ^^^ 3 t » phje . cfewbMi / i ti [ b 4 ecfe fihonjd j speak for . themselves , as lie had a . cqpy . draWri f
, m ^ t&MTet inmtep , * atfd > % Tii (» # as t * l > e % « Bmii ^ ir ^^ WedttSSdWffaMx * 't * y W # « rjalj 'r&etahg * f * # W 6 » k ^^ 6 ttof fc * bd «> MK O'Coabpr Uiwf rdnd'Sfii * ^^ jeeta »* fiich , srew > -receivad -wi ; h fleaifenings « teeta , aid exprifttediia Aop »; . utJieit 1 * 11 te : raiS 0 Da ;*» u 3 diFfXQate .= aiiiii s » cpniT / timr jtjdflptfo x ; M&Jte& * m& ^ m ;^ m& * 9 & ^ *~ -ifa ^ K Afmt j « 3 tfl ^^ ojB ^^^ j ^ gjj ^^ tuejjha ^ j ^ dto H ? 0 ^^ i ^^ f ^^ cal ^^ ¦ ^^ Sf ^^ * ' y ^ ftaffbe ^^^^ V ^^ 1 *' **^ ^ t ' H m ^ e mwjtsefhm'&xm ¥ ^ W ^ ^ "iiii jof ^ ifi ^^ T ^ tolu ^ 'U ^' hafldJ ^ tot "W « Mi % ' f . c «« Bll * inwti * r *^ b « wr t « rit * 6 i ¥ ?^ b »« 8 /« iriiape 8 « we ; : wiiU" ^^« PerfitW ^ hta « ai « jaarib » 'bB * ter . ]« nk to ^ asNuoUrio € ofgriqfl ( tng' ^ 1 * 9 M ftiid iitoped ^ te ^«« 4 «> 9 tff )» O ^!^ i ^ M % ^ 9 i 0 d / il > % r ^ & 94 ^ A ^ to ; i ^^ Ji ^^^^ Jff ^ r ^ gkjnmj ^^ thht fcitrt * w 6 M *^ ai »« I % &H ^ n ^ Jiln ?^) otf ^ Mr ; - ^ rf ^ iTthSr aw ^ ck 4 d : * iWfef Jnft ^ nbrflg ^^ e - iermf . n ««« e « ferj « l « j » d * sitl {> tf « a * T » W 3 fe « fSw £ th # meetini , bhditBe ^ ii ^^ eabnth itte . ttey * hoQfeht proper . afr . ^ eoxniW hi 4 w > bb >© ctiooito ; ^ the ^ po ^ t ^
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IPoiwinen ^ Uw obi « tfewbnld : * e iJbthin | r Ae worrt for keepmff , ( Cheew ^ - ^ , / I ^«* iDrarpse toinove a vote of thankrio lU Cfiaf rmsiiiV tmeetiiig , no , no , Fe must ajad will carrv ; hem nnaijimotisly . ) Here the confusion "wa ^ Sm ^ SSsuc great , when ft very respectable l <^ H ^ m ^ Sia mhdBe name we du got learn , n > o |* te 3 OTe ^ Sl ^ tte benches , and said Mr . Chairman " , I have foum ^^ ir what is called my conntry witji bayonetandmiftket , and I never foaght in my youth with half that vigour that I would now use m defence of my family , my home , my fire , and my nghts , ( uproarious applause , ) then , mr , I move the instant and immediate fcdopiion of the objects of Mr . Beal , allow me to explain . Tradesman—No explanation , sir , we have been too lone listening to
nonsense ' of ene kind of another , we must have the objects , MTbo setondn their ^ adaption ? ( * jAll , all . " ) Mr . Beal . This meedDg was called by the workingmen ' s association , for a specific purpose . ¦ and the meeting cannot sanction the present adoption of the bbjectswithout calling-a ^ meeting of th eir ^^ body for that purpose . Tradesman—Yoii called the meeting ? jwe are the meeting , we havjv nothing to do wiih your iarrangenlents , it is our business to take awntage of tbe ^ occasioji ( great cheering . ) The objectt ^ which youpbjwliiejfpninge , and ybur union fall *{ to the groun * ir | aoBkSM ^ preserve iL and it saHN ^ ute all ( m ' % ^ $ & * k& ) Meed ^^ ai ^ he % » ect « , f * IMBiSiBpfoM' ^^^^» here sBn
HRSi ( great ^ ikrni ^^^ ra ^ iD ^^ fias . ) Meetingwe ^ must have them , werrwiW « haye thein . !)" ¦ Mr . p Connor--Working itien , ^" coinmend your determination , " but i& order that QurrmfieMngssnonJdJBtpffSar ¦ harmonious * and . as you are : tq pay nothipff ,- , will you consent to postpoae the further considerafaon of the r qnestioi ^ tfll Monday , when yon will be atre ^ rtjiened by the concurrencei of the men of t / eeds . ( Tradesman no , nowi--meeting ; now , now . ) Mr . 0 'C . j t anvfornoiiv bnt the delay wont damageiis , as sh ' onldtheAssociai tipn , reject them ; on . Monday ,. ;^ -. Dl ^ dg ^ , myself -tq ^ a ' ttiend a public meeting , called lor tpe considera--, tion of those objeets . '( Great cheering " . ) 'Will ytra now consent . ( Yes , upon those conditions . ) : i ; ¦ Meeting : —Tell us the place and hour ,, we'll , all be'there * ' " ' ' "¦ ¦'¦ - ¦ :- - - ' ¦ ' .. ¦ : * ¦¦
The vote of thanks to the Chairaian was then put with acclamation ; he rose to return thanfcs | : and said— -Fellow-wprkingmen , I heard with astonishment the objection of Mr . Beal to the objects of the Great- Northern Untoiii I- am a member of the Working Men ' sAsssociation ,... find : ' , I pledge myself , to be in niy place , and to move their adoption aiid support their prihciples . '( Cheeriflg and . clapping ' of bands . ) What doesMr . Beal mean , pby scaring the timid , ? We want not the , timid . ( Cheer-. ) We want the firm and the resolute . What is life but liberty , and what ; . U > liberty but the fnllesf eiyoyroent of life , 1 ( Cheers . ) And have we -tae " one to that extent which aUowsui to enjoy the
other ?—( no , no , )—^ and then we are slaves ; and does Mr . Beal refuse to fightj fot ' hig liberty ? ( Cheep . ) If he does ^ I do not . ; ( Great cl ? eeringi ) Workingmeri , I never was so much pleased with any project as the formation of the Umon , ; because the objects are manly and defined , and such as will enlist in their support every man who hates , oppression , and lovek fre ; edoin ; '' ( Gre ^ : cheenng . )'' ,, Ha ' ve we not more at stake than the Aristocracy | They can live On less than they possess } we , haye not wherewithal to live upon , after a hard life of toil .
( Cheers . ) The objects : do hot even threaten physical force , they mention it as the substance which u to follow Mr . Beal ' s shadow , moral force , ( cheers)—which , for years , we have been / -. ' relying " upon , and which , as it increases , seems to protract our inigery . ( Cheera . ) I was ready to supportthe objects mow , ba-t when the fitting time comes I shall be at my post , and give to them that support wliicb tlieir manliness and justice demands at the hand 3 ot those wlio have a cause to gain , and are resolved to risk life , if necessary , in its attaiBment . ( Continued cheering and clapping of hands . )
[ Thus end ^ d the most important meeting ever lit'ld in Sheffield for the Working classes . The objects have since beeu atlopteJ by the men of Leeds ; 1 'he Union has been triumphantly formed : inaiiy members haw joined who never before belphg&d to any Association ; and we anxiousl y await the full expression of the men of Sheffield . Let every manbeat'hispost \—Mr . ' Beal's casligation of the workingmen Was but too well merited , audit is but justice to say his remarks were manlyf and not opposed to the obi ects .
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LECTURES ON SOCIALISM . On Monday' evening last , Mr , Owen commenced a course of six lectures o ' u those principles on which he contends that Bociety should be based . The lecture was announced lor seven o ' clock , Sud at that time the Saloon -of ' the . Music . Hall wn » priHty ; -well . filled * witV » TcapectabVe auditors . At about half-past seven Mr . OWfin appeared and was warmly greeted by the assembly , Which had now considerably increased . The lecturer commenced by commenting < vn the importance of the subject on which he was aboiit to speak J the value of the object which lie Wiihed to accomplish , and thedeepiy reotcdprxyudices with which he had to contend . Thesiibjectof thateyening'slectnr » he annouueed to be " The Introduction or General
, Outline of the System advocated , as given at the particular request of a select number of the Members of the Congress held at Metz in Francej in Septeniber last ; and which Outline was by theiaatranslated into French , and afterwards , by Professor Gans of Berlin , into German , " He ^^ obserred , on the otifoet , that he should lay down a proposition oh which : depended entirely the truth or fallacy of the whole of his theory ; it was , " that man luinqde to believe all that he does believe 5 and that , therefore ^ whenever he p « rfurm 3 nnachoii . as the result of any belief , that action is always to be considered as the result of the external s arc « msbin ' ce \ xr ))} rh operated on his mind to canse that beuef . " it i ' olloWied from this that belief was involuntary ; uud llii > t therefore all actions
that arise from belief (? is an actions do ) werts also irivolantary . , N 6 w , he had state / d "' thaf on that one lirbpositioh he based his whole'theory , and and that proposition ^ was eithejf true /^^ or ^ lake . -If it was true , / then , his theory was also iruejfand vice verstti Assuming , then , tnatit % ' as true he would proceed toiHustratethe present" ? tate ~ of society , and show the different proportiona- Wlii < Jh the different classes in society , bear to , each otlier . This he did by exhibitin « r a number of cubes , th « largest # \ vhiph expVessed the whole number p f the pppnlatibn of Great Britain . (¦ ¦ '; This population was divide ^ into eight classes ^ the respective . prpportions of which , to the whole number , were similarly " represehud . The first division . ^ consisting of the Worldnir Classes , was
the largest in number . This class pro ( fuced all 'thewealth possessed by society , vfui'dr ^ uppprted all the other classes . The third , ' in ) point' of size , was the inferior class of distributorsr ''? ina ' ctiniprised all the small shopkeepers .. n'J $$ third" cfetss which was the second in pointof-8 iae ,. consist 3 d pf what were denominated .: . the fthievef ^/ rogues , and vagabonds . These the : working classea had to . supr . port downti' ( h > ds . ' 1 'he fcoriirigat bf the ?¦ ' ^^ present syi <* tern of society were strongly maikeai by ' theifoct ' . bf this being solarge a class . . The fourth di yisipn ; , was a nnnierous class . It was composed of Baukera , ; Merphants , and othersol ^ theih { giife * r : ' 6 rde *> of'tl ! s- tributors . . Th ^ iift h ^ and . ¦ most eluded , besides the dignified clergy under the rank
of Bishopsy all this most ftrtansteP W" the- la ^ t ineqtioned class , the Rothschild * land the Barings ^ vthe high ^ t order of physiciansand ^ eriiih ^ class "but one uicluaed ! all the loyrer nobility , vi ? j the Daroneti axid the'ddtiMiy genilMneii . The ^ clais ^ which yras t ^ e $ mallea ^ i ^ nnmberi ani wbicb . befo ? e the ^ assin ^ p f the RefonnBillhad the Power to make , arian-gemSb , 'whichivi'bu ) a have actually pt ' eA'ett ^ d all the division * -jihdmise !^ , V ;« ad"i ^ . erty-, arid ^ even $ h $ fears of ^ jjoyerty v . jyhich > noW exist among ua , was composed ofthe Royal jainily and the Lords spiritual ^ tenipfcfak " M had omitted tomentiottWhidjrepiwenteithiinp taa-4 «™ £ ^!» % ^ jo _ vwo ^ |
army ana -navy . fHear , ' hear , and applanse . ) It wa » vutterfy 1 ' " . hnpptoifote'm M&fe ^ - $ aMffca-% ? . ; ° l , aociety . r . nio ^' > injuri 6 u 4 ^ , ^ RP ^' . iV ; than ^ thia om . The intereBt of e - verydfle of th ^ clasM ^ Was at vanan ^' wiih the interests of > TKU > itliii oA «* fielag * e £ ? wriJ <* rf « y ^ M ^^^ PPmgAe ^^ i ^ ut ^ fv ^ ception was inmred to an extent of which It wi 4 sfc&r ^ y ^ ibfett ^^ ajdamen ' t : Fr ftiaSfflelt J ^ enWV . wto , ihe ^ ausWi < ofr ^> i&e * rre ^ ^^ KMffiM ^ M ^^ IIM ^^ lacuiw or tne mind , and that k man haa tneHJow i , trfJtefie ^^ or ' r&i'beitevwg ' w 'S » i » tir «]^ fOPPoiie 4 " fa atiMo ^»^ 5 ^ ^ d # aj % ffiH ^^^^ ftpyed . i 1 ^ dv * e igreat , truth M vamuttn&irtami trait
,, basis '' pr Stfcieij ;' that taSit ^ 4 % teve ^ % hi ^ r ^ 2 crfealw i * ' # <»»^^ « c ' ^^ jm ^ t ^ w ^^^ - imi ^^ - ^ m ^ ^ nituout a , knowledee of this fact , ltwas unposHib « Tor th ^ m t » r ha \ % 'a corr ' ea feho ^ gdg ^ W " mU'm e $ ty& # fTP ^ mti , bfr 1 wyete ^ .. > tlWii « ww ^ tortH )^ t ^ TO ^ flre ' eSfSrS ^ rtfaiS » ^^^ JwHl ! rfey ^^ tfJ »^ w ^>! fi ^^ i | waving wmgg . ( LatigliteM , . Having tcaveUect * considerable distance thaif miWmwm m ^ c , ii
gpSBNaia ^ iB ^ ^ tod ^^ g , ^ at ^™ Pt an auawBrW'ibij u ueafi ona , or to gi '« 4 ^ yVfe » ter ^« B&n •^ o ^ K ^; i ^ IEfama I ^» a ^^ iiOTOeie r , r *^ h' ^ &t th ^ SSoSlt 1 n ^ ' ^^ i , xfl « po 41 tJ < m -of ttie \ jna * j WBrenW ¦ tR « rt ^ lJWght > r an * erft » Tof tep wndwI'iwi ^ t ^ iirte ^ wW ) Mr .
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Q * m tbongbt tbtqnwtion witljoot » pointed object and replied . that thfigetveral opinion irnaagat / tsi the enqmrer . ( Laughfpr . )^/; hdwerfer , he advertised lectures on the subject ^ perhaps he wbuld coinmand * jRat many anditow . ( Condiiuexl laugliter . ) l ~ j a j ot"er Bnunpprtant ^ ouestioDu W 6 r » ^ f *^ : ^ o ««» fwered , Ae people separated . J ? te ^ P ^ fe ^ «!»* on T-ueiday even : tur
1 V T . V , "' -. ' cuiBrjjea we appucation or the flassihcation of flocaety , adduced &hi » * r-t lecture , and stated that the reinilt of ibe application of jost pnnciplen to the constroction of society would be the entire annihilation of all por « nrly ) ind all reHtricove privilege * , and party disadvantages ; the whole of which , with all their' mischievous result * on ociely as now constitutedV arose > itirely from the irrational arrangements of - » ciety > ^ He regretted that the services of r | tofeMrioBaI MuQlBnen were not freely given ^ tmmmUmM ^ a ^ io work of renovating 8 oe ^ e | % > wbwSp ^ n b ^ gteomplished jpuch sooner <* pfcinore ; . W 8 ily . , ^ sjaquestions were asked ; ^ ra ^ iscrt ^ h wa ^ ij ^ pLirticular
lu ^'^^ ffi ^^^^^ S ^ if 1 ^^^ Ml !^ r ^" " ^ PP the roorh ' onihefl / eceding everimg ^ whohafftheleast conception 1 of what hiiisystei ^ jr ^ glly was . They were also occupied by a very gentlemanly yonng man who askefr : MvVal ^
r « e ? Bnce to the . -. supjqct ; . Bfnd :: any man -cpuTli . ask questions which hecould not fplve . He 8 aia | itwas well known that the whole of the human race ^ Was W , \ wrfiteliyecU ] f , ignpran ^ cflndiUon ; and 5 the a , ssembly then before him was a proof that neither human nature , nOr . the a ? 6 ien , ce of human nature twaaatallknownto the World . The world had this inost important science yet to Jearaj and until it had learned , it was iricompfeteni to discusjl !' a question of this nature . After somei ' . further similar obseryii tiong f , ^ e . . ^ aid that the first inquiry on which he should then enter was , " ¦ What are the , necessary cohdiHbnsfoirthe happinessof human being . *? ' The ianswerto the questaoh was "the ensuring to each individual in society the greatest number of
advantages with the fewest inconveniences . ' " ¦ Mr . Owen proceeded to state the peenbar system of [ society which , he ^ dyocates . , He observed' that that isystem of society would be be 3 t which caused men to . lassemble together 1 in convehieui bodies , not too small , iior top large ; but at from about 500 to 2 tt ) 0 ipersons . He argued that if suchwaathe . case , the present / system ol ^^( sqciety Was not ^ ^ calculated to proinqte happiness , inasmuch as this condition : of happiness was not observed ; but that our towns , cities , villages , and houses , were a wretched compilation of human existence . He said there wtire , at"present , two distinct divisions of society—the very nch , and the very poor . As for the latter class , society Bad done them as much harm aH they possibly could j their manniere , morals , habits , and minds were de-Tanged , and it was necessary that m the uew state of society ehj 6 ment $ shouldbefouud for this laree mass .
air . uwen described the biiilclings of the New Society , which he said would be erected amidst fields aud flowergardeus , upon snch priciples as to preclude any disagreableness , to save much time and more labour ; foreign in'the cooking ^ department it wotild bejoossible then for four cooks to prepare as much food as four hundred could dp under tne present system . In the new ' state of society bad \ times Wptild never be knownj for ¦¦ " the ^^ people would always have the mean- * of being happy . Mr . Owen said many other . excellent things which f he assured the audience , ; would be the result of liis system . The lecture being concluded two questions were asked 7 but they had n . Q'relevancy to Mr . Owen ' s lecture . Mr . Owen introduced Mr . Rigby , of S / lanchester , to the aiidi nce , as the gentleman who Would conclude the lectures , he having previously engaged to lecture at Sheffield on tli * following evenings . :
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IMPORTANT MEETING OF WOMEN AT BIRMINGHAM . - «^ " ——( From the Sheffield Iris . ) The following letter to Mr . Elliott , will be read with interest : — v Birmingham , April 16 th , 1838 . ^ Dear Sir , —I sent you , lajst week , a Birmingham journal ^ with a very much curtailed account pf a meeting of women . I alone of Birmingham rcforjners , dared convene or attend it * The experiment was triumphant . Not only , was the vast Hall fnjl , but even jts spacious- lobbies' were crowded . There could 'not have b ^ en } esst- than ) S , fMV ) woaum there . A more beautiful aud moving sigb-t was never seen } a meeting more enthusiastic and orderly never was assembled . It was evident that the iron had entered into their souls : that they felt
deeply , aud resolved religiously ,. that their childreii '« children should not be trampled / upon as they had been . " I : mention this meeting to : you because it forms part Of my general plan .: I- believe ( I might say I know , ) that hitherto , the women have thought so little npon ' politicsj and being so utterly ignorant ofthe connection of onr system with their poverty and degradation , that they have either not interfered , or persuaded their husbands from meddling With politics * , as a thing of no profit . We cannot afford their nentrality or hostility ; they must be onr enthusiastic friends . ,, r , ' ¦ . ¦ _;¦ I intend to have these meetings repeated through < ontEnglaiid . I am happy to inform you , that onr Missionary in Glasgow has completely lifted up the
whole-populaton there . ., . _ : ,. , Ta ^ Kefbimers arei aiso ^ jihakingjlreparaiions to receive ¦ osJ at ; Dnn'deei Edinburgh , Sunderland ' , Manchester , and neighbourhood , Tfeey are preparing to hold a great Bjieeiing here , to sanctipn and give dignity : to oar mission , and to pa / s oar national petition . We shaU / then ^^ breafegronnd dt Glasgow on the 19 th of M&y ^ r , aild obtain , the sanctiqn . ; pf ^ the peppje-there ; and from thence i roll up th « masses southward to liondoii'j wherM I should H ) ce 10 ^ 6 ^ 700 , 000 meet us on Ham pytead Heath .. But to effect any good object -- ^ to j | cq | lii : e , any power fpcthe ^ peopleT-Twe must e ^ :-liiMt ^ . bn the whole of ouir coutfiei an unfailing , nay , ? a igrowing' andincrea&inj | enthri ^ i 6 fifei 'M ay we depend on your- pptent-aid-1 » prepare . the people at
Sheffield , and some intimation as ; to , their disposition . t 6 wards as ? ' From' ; th ^ middle ciasse ' sy I expect nothing until virtue becomes with them a necessity , and they see-the peopje / strong iu , their union ; then they will begin io seek shefter . in their rapks . ; , ' " ¦ Yoti aretiwarel ihtend'thiEl naf 5 oiial petitions to be twoffpld' 5 1 the one ; tpl be- signed , by : the mvllipns i of men ^ the others , to , be ; , aigned by , / the . milliqns of women ; and' to be the tirstj . great evidence * . of . a nation / al simultaneous ^^ action ; -a »} inulteneous action which , well-directed , will liayp aflioral oionipotence . Time prevents my giving you more than this hasty jjketchjatsd'asking yoti , wha ^ w ^ Shefneiadb ?' - ; 1 n- Witt e ^ iy gooS . wisUi ^ d siucei * respect ^ I am , dear Sir * yours , sincerely , ; ¦;¦ ; . ;; : . il , - ; . ¦ : ' .. ; ¦¦; ; ¦ ¦>¦ - * ' " : ¦ THOS . CtOTTON SALT . To MrlEbeJneKe *^ Elliott ! < fl , x / : ;;; A ; t the me « ting ; Eeferre ^ vto in , th , e afcove letter , Mr . Salt delivered a vgry spirited address in the , course of Whiidn'he gdye a melanchol ^ picture ofthe state of Birmingfcaso : ' - ?• • : ? - ¦ vm ; 1 : vs- '¦' ¦ ¦* ¦ & ¦¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : :- /¦'•'"! :
;¦{„ ¦ ., ¦ •: .„¦ Sattjri)Ay V! Ka^A;-1838.Is,::,,, :
;¦{„ ¦ ., ¦ : . „¦ SAttJRI ) AY kA ^ A ; -1838 . iS ,::,,,
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' ? *'¦ for' ^ n co ^ petitioNv ' . ¦ : "¦ :, ; . Whenever the rnisgoYernment of rulers , or the . * . ' ..-.. ! . c ..-,- - _ .--: ¦¦ . j j ¦ . j ;* - ¦ - ¦ : . ' -it- ; -. '" f , * , # ";' , s ' I-. " i '' . ' ¦ . ' ¦ , **¦ ¦ : ¦ . miscalculations of a priviilegea partjr ^ / bring the laws into contempt , and society into confusion , the neverfailing practice isto"isBelter ~ "the wrong-doers under some speciouf'landrmetapbxjpoal absurdity , and to attach all blame to the people for the existence of 4 P $ tate 6 f things ^ whitV ^ i ^ thei ^ * vtt 6 t& 'jtbef have ndcontroulfe The * misdeeds * bt ^ pur ^^ JlorS j ' and rte ^ sca ^ n ^ ' o ^ rsy hate ^ kileil' -ii p ^ « cVeeninii } ^ uemsiarVk ^ Whrafr the ¦ ihask ' pf ^
bvelrpop ^ atafthy arid > ¦ > $ & . i ^ possibilH ^^ successful ^ ciy ^ ffi ^^ ifi ^ ft ^ nte pett ^ &ttj ana ^ tbus ; i ^^^ e * ^^ a ^'«« fflrt ^ ^^ I ^^ aT ; at ^ fe ^^ eMeSt ^ ljfa ^ ^|> blb ^ WKeh ^ n ^^ g-a ^ > $ tf'tnfe-rulh ^ cl ^ err ^ fili ^ aM ^ orahtde has ' ; % n ^ P ^ ip 1 6 ^ 8 o # r ^ 'M > - ^ . ^ ' ¦^¦ > : ^ : '*\\ :: ' ¦ 'M ^ e ^ e ^ iin ^ yver-ppp ltetion ^ e / h ^ # ^ 6 ed , # ^ D ^ t Hi ^ whmjis ^ OpO , ^ ' ^ * $ M tifrmi'mW f >* er $ ty & « t ^ effb puraH (| n ; '' $$ . ^^ e m ^ fl ^^ OObpOei ihay ^ % r ^ t ^^ in
proTCmenrs aacw «» vj - " ^ rp ~ - . . . - -xTr ^ : fc ^^ pt M ^*«^^ notint Wfr&&& ?^ & l ^ b ^ hun ^ n powef , ^ looked open' ^ s ^ at ifrnich ^ a ^ ert ^ p ^^^^^ li ^^^ ^ if i ^^^ Bp ^ & 6 n ^ ^^ ^ o ^ iJaegraaa ^ lii 4 ml $ rinWae& i ^^ to * # e ^ f ^ % 4 o ^ p ! e ! t # iarrVrito of ' afesoiu ^ udmMOnltcyth ' e ^ pitalM ' * v ^ ^ ie ^ eVbf' 5 dbirifefiiP |^ u ^;^^ i ^ Teaifetfe * ' of iBo ^ e ^ ge ^ to ; aeVStaa 3 a ^^ r # ^ iMese ^ f ^ "tibW clbflieaV wor ^ te hous ^ wor ^ pa » Y ^ W ^
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foreign operatiTe can be brought to work ftw ^» mere subsistence . Qreat competition is alwayfj ^ gain to thrifty speculators , while from the fluctuation which it causes in the labour . market / iitmurt jeopardize , the producing classes . , In ortler to ma «^ out manoEw ^ urerS capaWe , of ^ Gom ^ tiag ¦ -. ViA , ' ^^ foreigner , it ^ e . masters loot % : a , re | ^ of ^ cprn ^ ^ a ^ fl , j » vrhkh ¦ $ * are ") n «» tirien (^ vi ' b ' irt : ii * tfi « ' wii » J f ** I »?^» t *^? n w ? ask , thexn ,, ? rbi& tinder th | H <* ange (^ c ^ ^ repeal / ot Ae ^ e » laws " wou ^ crea ^ haveL&e > , to ^ expectirom a ' ^ as ^ i ^^ th ^ J cor ^ r ' ^ ** ?^^ ha ^ beconw rjch tp ' overfloy info || e " ' " * railtje >
yp the ; , poorJaT ^ . bec 4 ono ^ j ^ rer ; to byerbearing ? jMurt ' . ^^^ W ^^^^^ tbit with the pf nature . a ^^ p ^ e ^^ ep ^^ W ^ : P * $ *!* Mymfy iHn ^^ hole gain ^ from , the al te ^ - - tio »! f ° *^ v ^« )?^ 9 Pn * rV The people want ^ laws to turn changes into ppjjfllar benefit , whlk tit niasters make the laws and use the laws for thediver- ' ¦ f ^ ^ ' 9 ^ 4 every ^ an ^ e . te ^ r / pxB ^ n . / d ^ eP ^ e I ^ Amendment Actrhas ibeen baseS Dpon the necessity-, Tvhi ^ has ' a ^ n ^ TOeetfeef ^ ignerin hit * own ttar- i
ket , by a' reductipn in the' p ^ rice of ^ honte wage ' s . ; ThV Pp ^ r . I ^ r ^^ n ^ nit ^ ji ^ b / een Aepric ^ w ^ ci h ^ h > i » pUtieal 8 Hppbrt ; of theimasters h ^ beenpurohaieiir f £ i& tifflfT& ^ van ^; wHch our incomparable m ' a ^ inlr ^ -ti ^^^ ^ «» al 9 j ^^ fus . p . yer ^ ( o ^ sight of . ThebrawlersVfor forei gn ^ ^ dbmpetitiohv seem * to : fbr ^ ek : / ttiat . the ; forest of FtHntaiiibleau would iooU ' be consume !! by one pf our large ^ n > annfactor ) ies ^ jandt ; < hero { bre , iin i ^ ose * d ^ ai ^ age 9 , ; wftin ^^ alV aep ^ of successfully competing witfc -the foreigner ^ But 3 fr
seems that stall a . reducfion Jii : wages' becomes necesswy . Even this we ihalVadmiit , merely' digWring ^^ witb ^ ^ the econoraist , a 3 to what ^^^ wages means , ahdi the quarter , in which reduction should coHimeaee . Those who live upon the industry pf others J never fail to consider the / people as so many cogs in a great state wheel , and upon any deficiency in profits , they ( with a knock down argument , ) turn ' to the producers and assault their wages , which ( they say ) is too high to admit of fair competition ; while s upon the other hand , we contend that speculation is
too rife , profits top high , and wages too low , to create a market by which prudent ; , supply and demand can be maintained .: The error of the system has hot been the want of competitiye power , but an . un . restricted , license to gamble in labour , and tjie consequent want of any regulation of supply and demand . Nothing is so necessary in trade as the discreet application of capital , even to the manufacturing of goods for / a home market , and if this
circumspection be necessary ( which few will deny ) in a . market over which the speculator may have some / controul , how much more ; necessary does it become for the Government of those , vrho manufac-r ture for foreign markets , and over ; which contending partiei may have a greater controul ? If by chanbfi those graziers who supply the London market vrith meatj were to glut the market , they would speedily see the effects of over supply . ; :- / .. ' . ¦ •'
V \ econtend that we have all the means of successfully competing with the foreigner , if the / supply Was regulatedj > y the demand ji ^ i ^ if-e ^ tr ^ yugant spfic ^ s ¦ lati ' eiiifton-vliaPtip . ur ,. in consequenee of the high prpifit upon it , was taken away . We further assert that un ^ era . wise system of Goyerahient , every cemmu :-nity ( consisting of master , overseer , and operativea , and with an equitable distribution of profile ) could
successfully compete with aud undersell the foreigner in his own market . We are ready to admit , that so long as tie entire profit goes to one ,, while those who work for him are subject to his whim anti speculation , the Englishmanufacturer , and also the operative , by the master ' s felly and avarice , will be subjected to fluctuation and uncertainty in the forcfigu uioikct . : " : <
When an idle speculator with a large capital , sees prices low and consequently labour low , he can speculate upon a Tise , and employ hands at a reduced rate of wages , whereas he thereby continues the glut , and increases the general difficulty which he would have no inducement to do . if all equally shared prosperity and adversity . There are some matters . at which a mere superficial glance is sufficient to create suppicioh and cause , enquiry . The daily rise and elevation of a set of the most ignorant class in society , has induced the Working cla . «! jes even- that portion which do not understand the cause of their
poverty , to view With suspicion a system which thus couffers upon a body themeans of unjustly extracting from labour an amount of wealth heretofore uojprecedent ip . any age or country . It-is no uncomn ^ an circumstance to meet some thirty or forty of , those white slave merehanta , who talk , bye the bye about the black y at a market house ; and to learfl that some 15 years ago they every one of them W j O . r ^ ed at the shuttl «; but that they are now worth ; from fifty thousand to two hundred / thousand ppun ^ a man . Divide then the unjust profits amongst ., the
community who have ; worked for them ^ . ^ and j , we should soon find that foreign competition ^ meant nothing more or less than home / . plunder . ^ Tjhe foreigner has . neither mpney , nor machinerj ,. to manufacture , and . holdstoclc , for ; our ^ market till ; it becomes glutted , and if te , had ,, the effect ; would be a yery speedy reductipn even in the pitiful yages , of thV serf , who , by the way , , has ifew « grievanQes , and , a much more „ regular mode of lijTe , hz& ^ itja , than English ipperatiy . e ^ , , w ^ ; ^ co ^ lfel ^ to undersell , themselves / jinr their , own ,, and , ] in . foxejgn
markets , by ; being ;> w 0 rked / till thje 8 tpre-h 6 u $ eg ; are full of . !/ Aeir . prddviee , , aad / being then , offered , , ^ he alternative eith ' er ^ to . jr orJ f ata . rate that will , ; b ^ yless expensive ^ han ke ^ epjn ^ jthe i ^^^ or Htar ^ n . g , vv VTbe .. ^ jeat mpn ^ l ^^ h ) c | i the Feudal Lord jba&jiii ; the ., l ^ j { $ ^ -: i ^!^^ . i ^ j ^^ oo grea ^ a pqwer ^ lpMang it 05 . kee ^ ng ^ ijt , ^)^ - duced the vassalage of . thf , agricultural _ 8 la . yesjL- and the , unrestnpUd .. power ., wM ^ mast ers imhkj have , together with their increasing political pqwer ^ to preserve monopoly , wUl ¦ establish , nay , ias ; , eetablish ^^ - ' ;^ wpt s ^ J ^ cH ^ a ^ ;;^
vasaalage . ?; In : thi 8 -dreaowli W 8 terai ' wmoh {* on 8 t 8 the niost TOrfiS pwpe ^ tio ^¦ ' and' alPthe ; : Wp ^ t j * fe ;! 8 | S ^ heiriV iwe ; recognise thfti complete -btfeatengiiapi of M ^^ m ^ m ^ i ^^^ im ^ ^ Uy ^^ ys ^^^^ j ^ m year , and his hard heart may relax , ( but English landlords are not' ^ ahiS ia ^^^ ioT ^^ most partp ' geBfletnfen- " ^ a h ^^^^^ i [^«^ polmca ^ W ^ ViwW ^^^ o ^^ wKI ^ « i ^ maft who ^ kie ^ a ^ pfit ^ otre&h ^ i ^ ur ' B labour ^ e * relays , " anil Wmk * lo" valfie % w ^ laye When % ^ w 1 ^^^ n <^^ e « tmo «^ is 6 n ¥
Thes % ^ ^ u ^ ef ^ r ^ pttiati ^ Tana Jor ^ gn cflmpetittonK ^ € ^ iftie 8 t ^ krn ^ hbr ^ 3 oftli ^ who fr ^ &l a ^^ kna ^ ni ^^ l ^ ^^ jpine ^ i ^ 'Ro ^ asiihey ' eoul ^^ ythii ^ M 8 n ! ea = oraer I mW ^ g ^^ J ^ W ^ by ft ^ ninUfclnil ^ t'tlie ^ l « e « fa # ^ f , ^ WPJatt n - o *^ to ^ Wfeh ^ m ^<^ J »^^ B ^ rarmsrs ffdta 86 % e ^ ^^^^^^^^^^ P i ^ MJm ^ SLmf' ^ s ^ mp ^^^ i ^ a y ^ tf t o inWf WBerein 4 fe <^ m ^^ & ^ fem-^ nni ^^ m Aafe I ^ l ^ p ^^^^ w ^ sgaid ^ nimdm ' ^* *> m % itiv ^^
. ti ^ sbcp k ^ erawWlaW ^^^ ida s ^ o ^ , ^^^ . # i ^ htf /* H «( t h ^ mtorn ^ lisieN ^^^ be l ' abour / a fair pbrti ^ B' ^ f w ^ Ch wottl ^^ d iti . Way into the tillot ^ he a ^^ np : d " ' ia « Jio& / hotiiaiih ¦ . 5 !? v ^ ri ^ i : ^ i .: J [ ' ^ : ' h-i 3- ; t ::- ^ ¦ ¦ " io ' / J-yA ' . iM ' ^ iV ' . v
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 5, 1838, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct523/page/3/
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