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Bafrtbe win of the majority is not always just . Should it then be obeyed ? Not by those who think it on just Let them endeavour to set it right ; and if they foil of that , let them withdraw until it comes right of itself Mais— -For though it be said— " the multitude are always in the wrong , " they do not always continue 8 a No , the people are always just in the end . Never let any one think of setting up a counter or separate Asso ciation—that is not the way to right -what is wrongthat is the way t& rivet "What is wrong—lor opposition creates antagonism—and we may spend oar lives" In -wretched interchange of wrong for wrong , Striving 'midst a contentious world , where none are strong . " The battle of parties will then commence and principle will be forgotten—the cause will be lost . If there be any factious individuals among us who will not bow to a just decision , for God ' s sake , for the sake of the cause let them depart—they will weaken us more by remaining with us than by separating from as or ' . even turning against us . Let as Bay to all such as King Henry V * aid to his soldiers before the battle of Aginconrt , "He who hath so stomach tot this fight , fee . "
We -wish to demonbtrata more clearly , more inlly the Ewessiky of union . Opinions can be carried out only by union- What signifies it that we are of this or that opinion unless we unite to make our opinions known ( and felt . The opinions of one man or of one set of men . are deemed singular , are deemed ridiculous however * pood they may be , if they are entertained by him or ' them alone—but when proselytes are made ,- when [ converts are gained , when the number of those who entertain these opinions , who advocate them , who are ready to enforce them , are . great and increasing , then ' are they respected , they are feared , they are submitted to , they become even fashionable ; for the men of the ' world are more influenced by example , by interest and by fear , than by truth , justice , and humanity . Success „ is vary successful . ,
. When a company of men are engaged in a task that is too hard for one man to accomplish , or for any numbei ' of men less than the united whole , as for instance , when ! men are en ^ sged in driving a pile , they pull in concert , or else each man or divided Bet of aien would pull , tFouid-exhaust their strength in vain . Their time is set by song , which not only directs their efforts but animates them . Soldiers march to music , sailors hoist to a tune , and Chartists should exert themselves one and r ail witfi a will and cheerily , to the tune of liberty—nol [ . 1 long measure as if singing a psalm—not slow measure „ ¦ as at a funeral , bat short measure , double-quick time " i We sbonld wait till all are ready , and then begin otu ' work likcmen , resolved to make an end . j 'Again , only by union con we preserve our ranki . unbroken—only by union can we break the ranks o ! j the enemy . A rock resists the battery of a whole oceai ; of waves and makes them recoil is scattered foam ; thej j break themselves in tfee vain attempt to break it Those " whoattack us "will strive to split us , to divid < us ; for when separated into detatched parties it will tx easy to cut us up , to destroy as , bnt -while we stand united , -we are impenetrable , invincible . Union h I absolutely necessary not merely to break the union oi . others , but to preserve our own . Without union w < j | are" without virtue , without safety ; but our union musi ( I consist not only of a union of sentiment but of opinion I and action too . l { To be concluded in our next . J
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- Now , I hope , my sisters , many of yoa will act upon this plan , or a better if yoa know a better . There is another thing I would suggest In many places raffles are very frequent . I believe much might be obtained for bar cause in this way . I feel certain , my sisters , that many , yea , rery many of yoa , will act as well as talk , and that you hands , even now , in many places , are fashioning articles tor the captives , the exiles , the widows , for the white Blares . Now , a raffle yoa-would often find just the thing for you ; for , supposing you had several things made-up , why many might admire them , and say how beuutiful they were , how cheap and all that ; but still might not be able , cheap as they were , to purchase them ; whereas , were they refibd for , yoa would stand the chance of getting them off hand quickly , as many would risk a trifle who could not , or would sot , purchase them at the fall price . Do not yoa see this , my Bisters ? There are a number of thoughts that have just occurred to my mind , but I suppose I must leave them until some other time , as I am afraid , if I write too much at a time , you will have none of it Believe me , my Chartiet friends , Yours sincerely , In the cause of freedom , Caboi-ike Maria Williams
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. May-fly whims and caprices . We can afford tolaughafc the man by whom we were villifled ; palavered , and honoured all tu one moon—who told us in oar own Town-hall that Chartist claims were bo Btrictty last we would be fools to struggle foranything short ottheir attainment—who damned us in another place as dagger and torch-men , flwbeands , patri © ts , ana traitors , hot and cold all in a breath . We can smile at these things , an * feel pity that the great man who to the pride and vigour of hia youth dealt snob heavy and staggering blows at the oppresso r , should in his declining years be making such little , spiteful , strumpet scratches at the oppressed . ¦¦ . . ¦¦ - . ¦ - . ' ... ., . ¦/¦ ¦ ¦' ¦ ; . ;/ - ' ¦ ., ;•; . ' . ' - '¦ ¦ . ; . ¦ -: ¦ , ¦ . - . .- . -- ¦ . - , ¦ : . Ah , friends , ten horrible corroding years of hungergnawed and stomach-taught political experience have drilled the people into reflections too profound ever again to be made the instruments of one man ' a ambition that he aloae may fatten on the hatred instilled against creed and country w £ en all alike are suffering from the same Jell destroyers of human happiness ^ irresponsible government , and olasa-tyranny . ¦ ^ ¦ Tis twv late in the day to stir np Bneh discordant passions to play the devil ' s-game against Christianity with a Coraedian ' a smirk , is iH ^ nlted to the feelings ef a suffering people , just awoke by the primitive , healthy , and vigorous principles of the Chatter , with a firm determination to obtain them as the true and inailanable rights of roan . Starving men don't care ,- about the jokes that would amuse ft drunkard or a gourmand . We have too long been amused with the horrid sayings which pleased our eara , stole our judgment , and left our pockets like the cuckoo ' s nest—to bo replenished by another year ^ a straggle , the sayings of another years labour , to be exchanged for another r nour ' a speech on the -Corn Exchange , to be fooled by an overgrown Cupid putting his tongue in his cheek for another charge of "Blarney , " for another year ' s rint , for some new legerdemain , for another farce for another season , for some new means to some hew ends , to sell again an honest , injured , and confiding client , to make another bargain of the generous disposition of a grateful people , to tu « the pen into a pbignard r against their liberty and to BeU a fine intellect , 1 fee noblest gift of the immortal a « d at the mart Of the i British senate , arid the bidding of ; the tyrants of manl . kind . To be the servant of the Whig-Tories from the i top of their powfer through co-ercion downwards to their fall every step of their march , leaving the traces of national debasement , misery , and shame . To be the puff-showman ot the eleventh-hour-offeringa of the Whigs , to forward the design of a money despotism , which , under the guise of Free Traders , would fc « ake a farther , and worse than Druid sacrifice of the working people to the English god of gold . inenas
, mceeu , gooa , tnese villainous derelictions have wrought too deep an impression on our memory : to be efficad by time , or that any fine sayings can gloss , over , until we gain the " real free trade' '~ the free , trade in labour . And until the real-property of a nation-, the work of the labourers' hands , be protected ,.. from the grasp 6 f the more wary , indolent , and niggard classes in society , we shall pursue our course , regardless of the wiles of the mock-patriots , knowing that adversity must make us close brothers—Englishman , Irishman , and Scotchman , standing in the Charter line " fighting the goexj fight , " side by side , emulating each other as combatants for the attainment of the same good cause of freedom , the government of all i by *]] . -: ; V ¦ ; :- > 7 " - - . ^ ;¦ - . ¦ ¦ ? : ¦ ¦ ¦ - .. - ¦ : ; . ;¦ . / : , These are the wide-spread principles of the day . which will bury fer ever the folly and bigotry of national entnliy—and the man who thinks longer to foster such a spirit , thereby to make market , will soon find himself on the discount Bide of the list , as the pointed object of scorn and pity , to an enlightened and insulted people . And now , dear friends , we bid such of your countrymen as fate forces from the land of her birth ah honest welcome , hoping that during tfeeir toilsome wanderings here , many , many be induced to mix with the Caartist body—knowing well that amongst that party they will meet with that generous treatment which the sufferings and wrongs of Ireland ' s sons command . And that they will carry back to thew homes a love and respect for , the brightest and best of the English people , and with that grateful spirit so consonant to the Irish character , will endeavour to turn those manly passions which oppression has created into the proper channel against , the oppressor , and no longer permit them to be directed by . base and cunning knaves against the name , fame , and intent of the British Chartist . We pleasurably and proudly exclaim , that the prejudicessaid to be borne against Ireland and Irishmen can nowhere be found te exist within the trumpet call of Chartism ! -V' - ¦ "¦'¦ . ' ' '¦' . ¦ " . " " ' . ' . -. ¦ ' '¦ : ' ¦
But we are not to be held responsible for prejadices which may exist agaimtIrishmen , amongst same of the more ignorant , bigotted , and silly seedlings of a state Church . It could not be expected that an Establishment gorged with public plunder would suddenly relax j its hold on the public mind , or that the poor , ignorant liibourerj immediately under its eye , whosei-- . tn . ougb . ta ' had been modelled from early life to hate the Irishman because of bis rel igio ti , should not , from the same reason , suppose it right to bate him bocousa of his poor garb and the cheapness of his labour . But wherever the simple , clear , and well-defined principles of the Charter have been established , these prejudices have retired , and the society of working men has been harmonized , so aa to contrast strongly with past times , when the people , confused and confounded wits the complex ravelling verbiage of the theorists of the Whig school , were betrayed into discord and wrangling with their neighbours upon matters incomprehensibleto the writers themselves as to their silly dupes and disputants . ; . ¦ ; . '; .... .., ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ . ' ¦ ¦ ¦; ' ¦" ; ' :- ; / ' :- : - ; . . ' .. ' .,-- ' Happily , however , these days of the delusion , cajolery , and derangement of the pnblie mlhd , have gone with the Whigs out pf office ; and now that a new field of action has been opened to ua by the brazsn faced Tory denial of justice t » the peopley the same unswerving promptitude of action which defeated the one mast now be employed with a triple and more strongly prudent conduct to make our principles predominant and controlling over both . It shall be our pleasure and duty to follow your philanthropic advice , which we think happily adapted to form the complete union of Irish and British energy . ; - .. - . ¦• .. ¦¦ . . " -: ' . '¦ . : ,. .. ¦/ ]\ ' .. ¦ ¦ ¦ . •; ; ., _ . ;¦ -. v . ' - . ; . - . And , proud to meet any of your countrymen , we shall ever strive to remove prqudices wherever found to exist , by the soft and supple authority of reason , presenting to them the right hand of fellowship , which , although it be but the horny hand of a working man , shall yet be found to have nerves which can carry a friendly feeling t © a patriot "? heart . We remain . Your brothers in bondage , THE CHARTISTS OF BlBJUNGHAM .
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LAMBETH CHiBTiaT YOlrtHS ; Mr . Henry Dron , dyer , 25 , Oakly-atreet . . ^ Mr . BeDjamin Rogers , fishmonger , ' -l ^ Chin ' a-Walk . Mr . Job Rogers , ditto , ditto . w : Mr , Henry Davy , newsvendor , 5 W , WeyBsouthstreet , Nevr Kent-road , Bub-Treasurer . > . ' . Mr . William : Springmore , painter , 15 , Bakerstreet , Weymoutn-streefc , New Kent-road , sub-Secretary . : ¦¦ ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦¦¦ " ; . "¦ ' , : . ; ' ; . ¦ ' ¦ , RADFOBD . : ; \ . '¦ ¦ , ' . ..- \ Mr . Robert Saunds , lace-manufacturer , Derbyplaoe . ¦¦ ¦ '¦ ¦ ' .-: ' -. ¦ ¦ '¦ ¦' ¦' .. : ¦ :. / . ¦'" : ¦ ¦¦ ¦; ' / ''¦'¦ ¦ ¦¦' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ '¦"'¦ ¦ ' ' .:.. ¦ ' Mr . William Norman , dyer , Bottom-buUding « . :-. Mr . William ^ ^ West , fr $ mew 6 rk-knitter , Farefieldstreet ^ : -: ... ¦ ¦ ¦ . ' . - ¦ ¦ : '¦¦ ¦ " - : '; - \ - ^ ' ¦ ' .. •^ : ; ' - : -:- - ' Mr . JohQ Bell , publican , Alfreton-road , sub' 'TrcJisiMMiv- ' - " ¦ ' ¦ - ' ¦ ¦ ¦ "¦ ' ' ¦¦ ¦'¦¦¦ ¦¦ ¦' . ¦ ¦¦ _ , ' " . ¦ . "¦' - * *" Mr . Wiiliam ShiBpherd , maohine-maker , Blopmsgrove , Bub-Sebretaryi , " . ' ¦¦ :: f . ;¦ ' :: ¦ . . doncasxeb . Mr . B . Armfield , cordwainer . Mr . E ; Robinson , weaver . Mr . ft . Spouse , ditto . Mr . J . Henry , gardener . Mr . John Wallen , hatter . Mr . John Bradley , Gommon-larie , 8 nb-Treasurer . Mr . John M'Doual , St . Sepulchre-gate , iaub ^ Secretary . . ¦ ¦• . . ¦ : \ . - ' ¦ : ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : " - . ' . ' . - - . ' ¦ ¦ . ¦' .
BOLTON . Mr . Kern , joiner . Chapel-street . Mr . Samuel Bromeley ,, weaver , Green-street . Mr . James Twates , fitter , Howell-eroft . . Mr . James Pendlebnry , spinner , Cross-street . Mr . John Gilliepey , weaver , Joiner-square . Mr . John Sullivan , oordwainer , Great Moon ¦ Btreet . . ' - ; ' - ' - ' . ¦ ¦ - ¦ . ¦ •¦; ' ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦^¦ ¦ ¦ : ¦ ' , ¦ " ¦ ¦ . ¦ , -v : ¦ ¦ ¦ . . - Mr . Thpma 8 Highaon , ppinner , Gross-street . Mr . George Towers , engineer , Kay-street . Mr . William Porritt , moulder , Howell-croft , sub--Treasurer . ' ' - "' ' \ .: ' ¦• ' '¦¦ . " '; . ¦'¦ ¦• • ¦ ' Mr . Samuel , Bromley , weaver , Greenrstreet , sub ' Secretary . ' - ' \ ::- /' :. \ . ¦' .,. •" . ¦ -- : ' \ .. V " ; ' ; '¦¦"" . ' . ' "" . "¦¦ ¦ .- DRURY klLt , UNrON HOTEL . Mr . John Blatherwick , framework knitter , Bella ] Gate . : ;¦ ¦ ¦ - '• . • ¦ , > " . ' r - ¦ ; ' . -: ¦ : ; : ¦ : ' ; - Mr . Silvester Traeman , bobbm-maker . Vat Yard Narrow Marsh . ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦ y ' ' :- ¦' : ' '' : r- ' Mr . William Pinder , framework-knitter , Nov Radfbrd . Mr . William Swan , cabinet-maker , Drury Hil Coffee HotiBe , sub-Treaeurer . Mr . Charles Perkins , cordwainer , Island-street BubrSecretary . ¦ ¦ ¦; - / : ' " ' / ¦ ¦ BANBURY , OXFOKDSHrBK . Mr . John Beasley , weaver , Neiihrop . Mt . John Boucher , tailor , Matket-row . Mr . Ja mea Bolton . cordwainer , Back-lane . Mr . John Boxall , baker , North Bar-streetv . Mr . William Garpeiiter , Wa , tch-ma ^ er . Bridge-st ; Mr . William ' -Heritage ., labourer , Neithrop ; Mr . Edward Hughes , locksmith , Broad-atreei . Mr . William Pricbard , coal disaler . North Bar-st Mr , George Watson r junior ,. ¦ cordwaiher'i Nortt Bar-street . '¦' "¦• ' : '¦ V ' : ¦ " : ¦> :. ¦ ^' . -- .-Mr . Alfred White , tailor , Crouch-street . Mr . John Galsworthy , weaver , Monument-street . Mr * Rbbt . Cockerill , blacking manufacturer , Par 8 on ' s-8 treet , sub-Treasurer . Mr . John Buswell , Crouoh-street , 6 ub-S . cretary . lOtJGHTON . James Freeman Mayor , potter , Furnace-road . David Bromley , engineer , Ij 6 ngtott-road . James Cotton , potter , New-at . JabczCartwright , potter , Green-dock . John Humber , dogger , Church-st . William Wilson , pofter Green-dobk . Joseph Ray , potter , Daisy-bank . Wm . Gratton , minor , Stoae-road . George Cartwrietat , packer , Fenton . John Naylor , tailor , Church-ft ., sub-TreasurerT ISphraim Baxter , potter , Trenthamrroad , sub-Secretary , - . ¦¦ . '¦ ¦ ¦'" ¦ ¦ ' - ' r- ' ¦ ' .- ¦ ' ¦ / . ¦ ¦ : ' /¦ ¦ -. - .. ¦ WALWOBTH . William Slade , hatter , 5 , Belgrave-place , Trafal-. gar-st . v . ¦ . ' ' ¦ ' - . '¦¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ ¦ .,: '¦ ¦ - . - ¦ ¦ ' - ¦ ¦ ¦ - . . ; ¦ ¦' . ¦ : ¦ — Nodder , shoemaker , North-st . ^ East-lane . CharJse Keen , painter , to be sub-Secretary in the room of Mr . Pedley , who reBigned .
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necessary to carry on with vigoar an effort to lwscna thea ) 8 elve » from the grasping and ; grinding . propejisitle « of their employers , and of the Government } and these could not be carried pn without a- Buitable ;] place : of meeting . When the ^ Qoverniaent i >«> pp » e 4 , a short period back , to ^ reduce the protection ; , afford ^ . to jBho * - 1 makers , corkciatterB , and other trades , each enqeavouiedto raise an opposition to the plan ^ -howv incffe ? tual they ; all well knenr- ^ -but if they bad been in ; possession ef »?; Trades' Hall , in which they mCght have met nnitedljr ^ at asmall cost , night : after night , and declared their opinions , how powerful wonld have been the t ffect npon their legislative oppressers . He trusted the . Trades ' . of ;¦ thei Metropolis wouldspeedily me ct a Hall , not builS with the money of either Whig , Tory , or Radical M . Pfc , but buiit with their own money ; they could then meet «• under their own vine and th eir own flg tree , none daring to make them ' afraid . " Let the working classes get Halls of their own , they would then gefc cheap knowledge , and knowledge was p * wer , and would enable ^ hem to protect labonr and reward indua try , The object they had met to ^ proincte was one in which the advocates of democracy and sobriety ¦ could ; mutually combine At present working , men were compelled to meat at public-houses , by which they iuin 8 d themselves and brought destitution upon their wives and families ; remove them to a Trades Hall and they would speedily have a library , lectureB would be given for their instruction , social festivals could be held ¦' . arid rational amusements provided for ¦ . themselves , their wives and families . He looked aronnfl . the robm and eaw many members of the National Charter Association , be tiusttd the members pf that body would rally round them on tbat great and - "important , occasion , if the working classes of the metropolis and of the kingdom had been in possession of their own , the cauee . ' . oif- democratic liberty would have been in a far .. more prosperous . ' condition than ; even at present No plan ot organisation was perfect nptesa it took tteps to erect buiidJngs in which to meet and demand . those rights , to which as men they wereen- ' titled .: He had seen some despondency ihiiBifested in .
regard to the object for which they had met j he was never apt to . despond . Mr . Balls then recited an appropoiate pieca of poetry entitled ^ Try , fay again , " and concluded by expressing his opinion , that if they properly exerted their energies ; at their next festival , they would be able to congratulate themselves on the speedy erection of a , jinurneman's Trades Ha ! l-r ( rheera . ) Mr . J . RObij » son had great plea * nr& in addressing them on that interesting occasion . The other speafeera had so fully pointed out the adyantaces of a Trades * : HalL in a- moral , political , and sccial point sf view , tbat he > hould only make a few remarks upon its advantages in a scientific point of yiew . Many ef tho wprkinp classes were engaged in employments in which . the application of scientific improvements wouW greatly fiicilitate their labours , and thereby increase their comforts . This ¦ was particularly the case in the employ meat of dyeing , ' bleaching , printing , and many other branches to -which their labour was directed . A knowledge of tfieflesubjecta had hitherfo been confined to a few bosoms chJtflythrongh * a want of meaES to communicate iito the many , and not from any desire of preserving to themselves the benefits aceruin ? from its possession It Masa ' principle of human rature , that if the acquisition of knowledge was deliiehtfu . i , the imparting it to others was still more delightful , and many who were in possession of this information ^ era anxious to Bpread it aniong the whole human ' ¦ -familyi more especially among the artfzans to whom its knowledge was so essential . To his certain k ' 8 ^ many eminent prefessors were anxious to ^ ive to them the result of their investigatson of the application of chemistry to the art 0 ; of chemistry and botany to agriculture ; of navigation to those whose busineas it was to go down to the deep waters , aod various other B « tentia « subjects ; the amount of inforniation on these subjects possessed by the workinginen themselves was very considerable , and they also were anxiouB , if suitable halls were erected , to spread it among their brother artizans ; this would elevate them in a moral , poli'ica ! , and social point of Tiew ; it would give to them information of an higher order than they now possessed , and eaable them to perform operations , and entertain projects , far above the capabiliti's of their forefathers ji would greatly improve their condition , and give them more leisure than they now possessed . One portion of the hall would be appropriated for schools for their children , who would thus derive an education far superior to that now ; possessed by the working classes of the present day , an education so superior that we should feet our Httleness and insigriifica-fBe in I an intellectual point of view , as contrasttd with them . Political knowledge was to be regarded as the most important . ( Hear . ) Social knowledge was the next important , and it was only by getting possession of ;; Reiieral information that they should ever attain those ends so desirable f and so necessary for tteir political freedom ; but erect these future colleges for th ^ aisser minatiop of sound principles among the cbiidren of the working classes , and they would open a streata from the fount of knowledge so mighty , tbat in its onward course it would remove every vestige of tyranny snd fiuuerstitibii . ( cheierinfcl :
Mr . Farbeb . said that after an illness of four months , brought on , be would say without egotism , by his devotion to this subject in lecturiris ; . and speaking , it gave him great pleasure once more tp be among so goodly a company of the one Bex whom he most admired , apd the other whom he most respected . As the other speakers bad dwelt more on the details , he should speak more on the general . subjects and ; trusted that he should not trespass on tbe fairer portion of the amJience , for , SO Seldom was the opportunity of their pressnee eujoyed , that they were , " like angel ' s visits , few and far between ''—they themselves being the angels . The last speaker had said that they were anxious to escape for a shortiperiodto the pum ^^ air of the gardenp . ^ e believed they had a higher object in view—that of escape to the purer air of a Trades' Hall . This waa a subject worthy of all their energies , and one in which he must claim the hearty co-operation of the ladies ^ and then sneces * would be certaiB ^ -fcheers )—in a social point « f view , it would be a mighty - " ' instru ment to trample nndler * fooi the most baneful enemy of the human race-- —intemperanceI He M bo wish , upjustly to ceiisnre the slave : of intemperance , but he must censure the nystem , which bad been the means of enthralling them , which surrounded them with circumstances which dragged them to the public house , and made them a demoralised clasB of beings ^ ¦ which made them forget their political : ¦; rights / and totally neglect their moral character , , and the domestic '' ¦¦' . comforts pf their chil- ' ren , and tbeir letter hilvp » . In the metropolis they had upwards 100 . 000 trade « nen , raany of tfiein banded together in union , but they were driven to public ; houses for scanty and dear ; accommodation . Ni g ht after night had he visited their meeting hours for the last three years , and often , he was --. sorry to say , could , not gain an mtorview until the dial painted to the hour of twelve , and the heads , and the vision of the inmates were mantled and obscured by clouds of spirit and of smoke . Mr . Farren . then in eloquent language dilated on the advantages of a Trades * Hall , in a social , moral , and domestic point of view , and referred them- to the sfcata of Genoa , as pn exarnple of the great influence the industrialtrades of this country mighthave upon the Legislature ^ When he looked back at the many obstacles they had to-can tend with during the post fouc years , ko was satuaed -With the present position of 1 . 300 shaTeholders- ^ tlioy bad attained a prouder position than had ever yet been achieved . Itwas a cry ing shame that their energies had not been backed by the presa of the country , It had utterly neglected them , with the exception of two or three solitary cases . They had been befriended by the British ' Statesman , an agent fromwhich paper was present They had not been neglected by the Northern Star—( considerable cheering )—which was Btiil shining as . brilliantly as ever on hia iefr * They bad ^ ^ received some * support from other minor / publications ; .. but with regiard to the other jaurnals ; the Sun had become dim ' , the Dispatch had forgotten its intelligence , the T « n « f bad-become leaden , the Cfyrpnicle hiii , become a grunticle of faction . All were looking to their own iiiterests , but- were neglectful cf theirs . T&fa should teach them to look only to themBalvcs . Some years ago , the leading organ of the pub . 'icaus broached the subject of a Trades' Hall , wUhing to have ' one - erected on a grand and Hnagnificent plan , such a one as he himself had pictured in bis imagination ; but asking ; Uie advice of a leading M . P . he was entirely opposed ; to it , stating that if sucha building wa 3 erected , . it wonld dictate to the ^ ^ Hduae of Commons . T ' aey coulti not be fiufpriaed dfter this that the su > ject of a Trade ' s !
Hail was no more mentioned m thit jiurna ! . iae p ! an waa for an address { to be sent to tho Queen , to grant from Parliament a sum of money for that ; purpose / He hoped he should ftevtr see : the day when ar Trades' Hail was' erected :: with Government money , rather \ would hei . see jh ' e working ; men continue for ever to meet in public houses . ( Loud cheers ) If ever there was a way to fetter such an institution it would -be by allowing the Government possession of the / door by supplying the fands , whilst , : they only held the padlock . They had Bufficieni fands of their own , if properiy united , to accomplish this obj ? ci The late strike of the masons had cost them \ : _ . manytimesthat sura . He ^ as proud to ackno'wieiiga himefilf a ^ Chartist ; but ' he ' conld assnro the ladiesi many ¦¦ of whoniiodkei i 3 usplcipnsly on n--politicalquea- ;¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ tion / that tfcV waa no party queation . They Imd men of all patties Bupporting them' But lookiiig to thfii agitation for'the franchiaei which is now only iii its embryo , hei considered It virould be a great assistanCB to that movement , and would make them morerable to defend it when obtained . lc would greatly enhance the comforts of the females . He was an advocate of occasionaliy bringing * them from their firesides . Ha did not always like to see them making puddings or darning ; stockings ; ha liked them to pM'ticipate in all tb «) en- ;; . •;¦ ¦ ¦; joyxnents , poHtical , intellectuaj , and socUl , which tbjei . other sex enjoyed . He wiahed ' tbejryiytas juadchildroa to participate in . the advM trades \ hall . ' Mr . Farrer then dwelt urg ^ iitly upon its . . advantages in a teetotal pbint of view ; awl concluded v by stating , that if they were in posseasuoh of aUefc aa- ;; ; ¦' / : establuhment they might dictate ::-fo t { ¥ *»> WS ^ A 4 > KJi mons -. they 'Would only ihavH tp ' j ^ B *^ Mi ^ iB ^ y f »| y-C ^^ V would attain their rigats . His URfortOnatOn ^ SS ff < Si ^ ffiv ^ k deprive him for the future in assistij ^ l ^ iat ? n * M 3 T ^^^ Sgu pen ; but tbat , and his heart and t ^/ fe ^ g ^ fQS ^^; ^\ iM ever be at their service . ( Groat cU ^ h ^ iy ^ p ^ S ^ A . | g \ y ! Mr . Balls moved , and Mr . THMte ^^^^^^ TfeOf vote of thanks to the Cbainnan , an \ rraraf »^ 5 ? i ^ - «^ w r /^ - /^* V r . ited j- -to enjoy the serial and domeshc ^ l ^^^ W ^^ k ^ were on that ^^ eyening abundantly prcvieCa&oEOTii ^^^ ¦ wsrHjiMn ^
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TRADES' HALL , IN LONDON . A festival , ball , and concert was held at Highburj Barn on Wednesday evening week , in aid of the funds of the Lpneion Journeymen Trades'Hall . Upwards ol , two hundred sat down to an excellent tea , at the conj elusion of which Mr . Elx was called to the chair , and commepced the proceedings by stating that it was with heartfelt gratitude that he saw hiniself surrounded bj so many happy , faces . Thbugh diffident in taking upon bimaelf the post of honour , yet that diffidence was banished by the appeatance of their Bmiliug cduutenances , which assured bim that every allowance would be made for him . He need say but little to them of the importance of the undertaking in which they were engaged ; their presence there that evening aesoxed him they felt the subject to be one of great interest . Ht was only sorry that there was not ten times as numerous an attendance , if the room would hold them , all equally alive to the urgency and importance of the undertakinK . Was there not a necesBity for the erection of a Trades' Hall onT social grounds , that the artizins of the Metropolis , after their-hours of toil , might enjoy themselves in a rational manner ; that they might have their club-houses , their museums , their lecture rooms and schools ? foe the establishment ot these Was contemplated in the erection of a Trades ' Hall , and manyoUier equally necessary benefits : would accrue from its establishment . It would raise their position in the scale of social society ; and never would the great body of the artizans be raised in the estimation of the other classes by whom they : were surrounded and whom they , were accustomed to call above them , until they raised themselves in their own estimation , until they felt their true position in the great commuuity in which it was their lot to be cast The success which had attende d the efforts of working men in times past , gave him great hopes for the future . If be looked fifty years back , he found the working classes were looked upon as tbe scum of society ; they were called the swinish multitude , the unreflecting rabble , they weie not consiuereu oi uii lueir
capaoie juugiug vu « cuusbquouuta or own actions j but now they ; no longer heard these terms of reproach and contumely heaped upon themaow their conduct * u ' d their patience under diatrees was held up to the admiration and example of the world , even the Prime Minister gave them his meed of approbation ; for when the question of thrpwiBgepen the Museum and public buildings on Sundays , was discussed in the House of Commons , Sir Robert affirmed that the injury inflicted on the monuments , works of arti &c , vras not done by the intelligent mechanical but by the vulgar rich . Every means should betaken to promote the spread of knowledge Bmong our artisans , and thereby raise still higher their position and influence in society , and one great means of accomplishing this was by building a hull , where they could give free vent to their feelings and opinions .-: Other clas-es had felt the necessity of doing this : they saw around them the goldfimiths ' , the fishmongers , the vintners ' , and other halls ; and though they were erected for a different purpose to which theira would be put , yet it atlll shovped the Btronger necessity of having a joutneyinen trades ' hall . If they looked at the state of the political world , they would discover that working raen were determined np longer to bo treated as the ecum of the earth . In such critical times ; was it not necessary to have a building like the one contemplated ? Were there not numerous occasions in which it was necessary to bold monthly , weekly , aye , and hourly nieetingi 3 ? There was a feeling abroad amongst ii ^ em tha t fte times must be made better for them than at present ; and such a bui Id ing would' accelerate that event . To an individual , at first thought , . ^ 15 ; 000 seemed so large , that it put the undertaking beyoiia the touada of pipbabillty but when they reflected on the number of artisans who tfught to be banded for this great object , but whose energfea were upfortiinately expended on minor objects . Ilut if those only who were banded together in unions could see the importance of this subject , not only could they have a grand central ball , but a smaller one in each of the six metropolitan boroughs . Let any of them contemplate for a moment the great pyramiils of Egypt , and their first feeling would be one of avre at the Immense fabrics . They would wonder how such thousands of atones upon stones , and pillars upon pillars could ever have been raised , and when they reflected upon the purpose for which they were erectfeti , nameiy , that the name of Sesostris . might be handed down to posterity ; it Was enough to make them weep with shame that men should be thus trampled upon , that they should be sueh "willing slaves to one man who had done nought to deserve their respect or gratitude , ¦ while their own names were life a blank in the page of history . They did not wish to build a py / amid or temple , ornamented with a spear , or the helmet , the musket , or the cannon . They did not wish it to be blazoned with the trophies of Mars or Beliona , but with the appropriate emblems of industry , the loom and the anvil , the saw and the trowel . He believed there was ' -. yet sufficient energy left to accomplish this object , That the working men of this generation would leave to posterity a lasting memorial of their regard to their own welfare , and shew that they had also looked into the womb of futurity , and provided a means of improvement fpr the generations who are to come after . ( Cheers . ) He trusted that on their next festival they should be enabled to announce that their numbers were doubled , and that they should also be enabled to hold two festivals in the y ^ ar , and that after six festivals they should be able on the seventh to declare to the artfeins and shareholders that the great work was completed . That such might be the case was his fervent and heartfelt ^ wish . ¦¦¦
^ ucuo >; . .. . .. ¦ : ¦¦¦; - . „ . .. - . ... ; ¦ . : : : ; ¦ Mr . Balis stated it was always with feelings of pleasure that he met with so large an assembly of the female sex , but that pleaBure was heightened by the knowledge tbat they were met to improve the moral , sOcial , and political Welfare of that class who laid tfie foundation of all the grandeur , greatnesa . aad wealth of the country , and yet they were treated as mere ; machines by a master class , for whom they raised untold tishta , and who took : every epportunity to reduce their wages and deprive th « n of their political rights V and ^^ this was ia a great measure caused ^ by the workiDg men not haying » Hall in which to assemble and carry on the agitation . Qreat combinations wre
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NOMINATIONS TO THE GENERAL COUNCIL . BIANCHEStER ( PAINTERS . ) Mr . John Carlisle , J ) , Cupid's alley . Mr . John Slack , Laugivorth-street . Mr . William M'Gce , 55 , Silver-street . Mr . John Skeno , Back Quten-stteeu ? . Mr . James Honeyman , 17 > Whitworth-buildings . Mr . William Griffin , Robert-street , Bank Top . Mr . I > eter Cameron , 44 * Ravtonstreeti Mr . Alien Grant , Brown ' s yar ^ i Bboflei-street . Mr . Thos . Doyle , 9 , Straud-8 treet , sub-Treasurer . Mr . Edward Hall * 21 , Hatt-street , £ ub-Secretary . TAViSTOCK . Mr . Charles Arno , tailor , Exeter-street . Mr . Moses Summons , plasterer , St . Matthewetreet . ' .. ' V . . . . . ¦ . ' ..,- ' . -, ¦ ' . "¦ . ¦ Mr . William Glubb , eordwainerj Barley-Marketstreet . ' " \ . ,: ¦¦ ¦ ¦ - ¦ . - . - ¦ . ¦ ' . "¦ ' . .. ; ¦ ' : ' ' ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ .. Mr . John Nichols , hatter , Exeter-streefc . Mr . John Reed , joiner , Banawell-streefc . Mr . Henry Horswell , Sea ., tailor , Barley-Marketr street . ' - ¦¦• . : - ' ' ¦' : , ¦' : ¦ '¦ ¦ ' - : '' : '¦¦ . . ¦ : ¦ ... ' Mr . William Willoaks , Elbow-lane , sub-Treasurer . Mr . Hichard Webb , ditto , Brook-Street , flub-Secretary . ' . "¦ . ' / . " . ¦ .: -: BRAMLEY . ' ¦ . " ; " ' ' : ¦ . : ' - .. ' : ;¦ Mr . John Asquith , weaver . Mr . Stephen Stoad , do . Mr . William Smith , do . Mr . Josiah Mortimer , Back-lane . Mr . James Fawcit , weaver . \ Mr . Joseph Stead , do . Mr . James Robinson , do . Mr . Joshua Broadhead , do . Mr . Joseph RobiBBon , weaver , subrTreasurer . Mr . John Booth , i weaver , Granhamthorpe , sub-Secretary , v . ' - - ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - : ' , " . \ TUXSTALT ^ . ' . "¦'¦ . ' . ' Mr . James Lea , cordwainer . Mr . John Steele , potter . Mr . John Locker , ditto . Mr . Thomas Clowes , cordTvainer . Mr . William Howard , butcher . Mr . George Brownsword , potter . Mr . Thomas Huxley , draper / Mr . Tbomaa Heath , potter . Mr . Joseph Copper , blacksmith , Mr-Elijah \ y « gg potter . Mr . James Nixon , sub ^ Treasurer . Mr * George Morris , sub-Secretary . . . "' ; , ¦ ' . ¦' : ¦¦; ; BROMSGBOVE . ' .- ¦¦ . / . '¦ - . / ' ¦ V . Mr . Edwin Cooper , button-niaker , Worcesterstreet . : ¦ ' " '¦ ' ¦ / :, ' ;¦ . ' ¦ •' . ¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦; ¦ . . ¦ ; . ;¦ ' ¦/¦ ¦ /¦ :: : ' . : . : - \ . ¦] S ' Mr . John Chandler , provision dealer , Sidemore . Mr . John Pinfield , button-maker , Holy-lane , - Mr . Henry Oxford , buttoa-paker , Haneyer-8 treet . Mr . Oliver Heeds , button-makeri St . John ' eetreet . . ' ¦ ¦ . : ¦ '¦' . ¦ .: "¦ ¦¦ - ¦¦ . " ¦ ' ¦ . ' ¦' , ?• '¦ ¦ " ¦ - : -, - 'V- ¦ ' - " ¦' - Mr . Edwin Jones , tailov , Strand . Mr . Edwin JoneB , Ehoemaker , Worcester-etreet . Mr . John Pinfield , sen ., button-maker , Holy-lane , gub-Treasurer . ' . ' . . ' . . V ¦"' . '• : ¦ ¦ ¦; ' ' - " ! - ' \ ' . ¦ ';¦ ,. . " . "¦ . •"' . ' , ' /' '" ' Mr ; Henry Pros 6 er , shoemaker , Worcester-street , sub-Secretary . ; ' - ¦ - - . ' ¦ ¦¦' : ' ,:- . •''• ' :. '•?¦¦ ¦' .: ' Mr . Samuel William Cooper , jailor , Worcester- ¦ ¦{ Street , Corresponding Secretary . " j ^ WELDON . . ¦• , ' - ¦ . . : : . -. - ¦ ' . ¦ ¦'¦ - ¦¦ ' . -j Mt . John Blyton , carpenter , Stanton . J Mr . William Cooper , brokeri Weldon , fiub-Treasurer . .. . ' . ' . - . ¦¦ \ \ ' / '' \ "" -: ' ' - ¦ : . ' ¦ . ' ¦ ¦ " : r ' / -. V ;; - ' ; : ¦ - . Mr . Edward Harrison , cdrdwainer , Stanion , sub-Seccetary . j
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i ^ ADDRESS OF THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION RESIDENT IN BIRMINGHAM , TO THE IRISH VNITERSAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION . IKISHMEN , AND BEOTHEBS IN THE GOQD CaCSE , —Always animated with the love and glory of our great principles , we proudly acknowledge with what ; an unbounded pleasure your eloquent , faithful , and devotional address was read by the good Chartists of this town , of which cheeifolly we take advantage , It ; being pleasivg to us at all times to interchange tho sen- j timents of freedom with the true patriot of Erin : \ more especially when we consider the extraordinary j advances yen have made towards establishing a force of public mind to break the links of early artificial j education , and chase that spirit of prejudice which so ! long bung about ub liko an incubus , and spell-bound the three countries to the mere adoration of men , instead of regarding with a fervid heart and ft watch- j ful eye , the God-commanded principles of the natural j rights of mankind . The one , indeed , proud to behold j you as Chartist guides leading the frank , free , and j fervid Irish people away from the man-traps and pitfalls which intersect all the paths and subtle windings of the Whig auxiliaries , ot according to your own more just and hateful designation—the mock patriots i of the present day . Buoyant With new hopes , then , ! for the a&hievement of the enobling and adorning j principles of the Charter , to lay the foundation of the | true and lasting friendship of freed men ; we send you | a hearty and honest cheer for your exertions , and bid j every Irishman welcome , with sorow , indeed , that he should be forced by a dire necessity to leave his native isle where plenty grows , but tyrants grasp all the bountiful gifts , and fetter , as it were ,. tbe munificent hand of God . These are the sad and awfully truthful reflections which will bind the English and Irish suffering hearts' together , despite the malice and calumny of the Whig Charlatans , who , having had their day of poHtical deceit , employ Ireland ' s mock patriot as the mouthpiece wherefrom to vomit fotth the revengeful imprecations of a dying , yet fittuggliDg party against j those discerning friends of the people who have detected and exposed all their abracadabra , their legerdemain , their Whig she filings , and chicanery . We can afford to laugh at the vindictive spleen of a | mock-patriot -who teems constantly U be studying in f some political looking-glass what opposing passions he cannot express upon the same subject—wbat ugly faces he can pull at the man who u flexibly enlisted to the ' cause of right , is too stem to follow all his ephemeral | ¦ ¦
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I . -o- ; TO THE EDITOR OF THE SOBTHEKN STAB . I Bo'OCEED Sjb , —I perceive in this week ' s Star that Iamtp appear ntst week . Now I dont know whether in poetry er in prose . I hope in prose . When I wrote the few words to my Ckartist sisters , I considered that as driving in a nail . If that is deemed worthy to appear , I hope this will also , aa I consider this to be the clinching of it Tours , very respectfully , Caroline Maiua Wlil-IAJIS . 46 , College-Tow , Cambcmrn , July 12 , 1 S 42 . ¦
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« v SAMUEL HOLBERRY . ¦ Return to an Address of tbe Honourable the Honse of Commons , dated July 6 th , 1842 , for a copy of all communications that have passed between the Secretary of State for the Home Department and the authorities of Yotk Castle , from the begin-1 ning of September , 1841 , to the present time , rela-1 tire te the state of health and the death ol Samuel Holberry . i _ . _
[ Whitehall , 16 th September , 1841 . ' Gentlemen , —Secretary Sir James Graham having j deemed it expedient to give directions for the removal [\ of Samuel Holberry from N ^ rthallerton Gaol to the L | York Castle , there to undergo the remaining term oi his imprisonment , I am directed to request you to call ' j upon thesurpeon of the latter prison to pay constant | and particnlaJ attention to the prisoner ' s health , and . to report thereon to Sir James Graham from time to | time . J I am , to ., . 5 - . ( signed ) S . M . PHlLLirPS . ' ! Ihe Visiting Magistrates of | York Castle .
¦) ¦ York Castle , 28 September , 1841 . j Samuel Holberry , a prisoner , brought to York Castle r ; ou the 22 d instant , is suffering from tha effects of a i ! bilious attack . He is weak ; his skin and eyes are still j ! suffused with bile ; his pulse is quick , and bis appetite . bad . I offered to place him in the hospital , which he j declined , stating , he was very comfortable , and could j' more easily take exercise where he was . HU diet is [ Loitered to suit his appetite ; and I have every reason , ' ¦ to bope hia health will gradually improve . t | iSigned ) GEORGE Champnky , >; Sdrgeon to the York Castle .
t ¦ Tbe health of Simuel Holberry , a Chartist prisoner i in York Castle , has not been so good as usual during I the last two months . His appetite is , at present , bad , j and the functions of the stomach and liver are dis-| ordered , and I have thought it right to place him , for ; a time , in the hospital . i ( Signed ) Geobge Champney , i ! Surgeon to the York Castle . I York Castle , 22 d April , 1842 .
A York Castle , llth June , 1842 . 1 Sib , —Tbe Visiting Magistrates desire me to enclose | you the certificate of the surgeon of the York County ' Gaol , respecting tbe state of health of Samuel Holberry , ¦ & Chartist prisoner in York Castle . The Visiting magistrates can bear testimony to Hoi' j berry ' s good conduct during * bis confinement in this ' prison ; and in his present state of health recommend 'hia release from gaol , considering it the only means of i affording a hope of bis ultimate recovery . ' j : I have , fee \ i ( Signed ) Barnard Hague , i Chairman of the Visiting Magistrates of ' j York Castle .
' , Samuel Holberry , the Chartist prisoner in York Castle , is suffering from severe pain in the leftside , ; the effect of chronic inflammation ef the left lobe of ¦ ; the liver , extending to to the stomach , and , perhaps , ' ' the colon , which , from his having had former attacks , I 1 believe to be organic disease . His digestion is very , bad , and he iB very weak ; and I consider him to be ; in great danger . I am of ' opinion that his Bymptoms 1 , have increased , and his health has been impaired , of : late , by the length of conSnement , and the great ' . anxiety of mind he appears to have Buffered b \ Bt 6 his i impiisoament ! j ( Signed ) George Champney , ; Surgeon to the York Castle . ! 7 th June , 1842 . .
j Whitehall , 17 June , 184 S . \ SiB , —I am directed by Secretary Sir James Graham ' to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the llth ; instant , with its enclosed medical certificate , respectj ing Samuel Holberry , a prisoner in York Castle ; and | to acquaint you that , under tbe circumstances therein j stated . Sir James Graham has felt warranted in advis-¦ ing Her Mojesty to grant the prisontr a pardon , on . condition of his entering into a recogdizmce , himself ; in £ 200 , with two sureties , to bd approved « f by the ] Visiting Justices of York Castle , in £ 100 each , for his I good behaviour for five years from this date , I am , ' ; therefore , to request that such recognizance , when ! entered into , maybe transmitted to me , and upon ! receipt thereof , Her Majesty ' s warrant will be forward-; ed for the prisoner ' s liberation . { I am , Ac , ( signed ) S . 31 . Puillipps . I Barnard Hague , Esq .
\ York Castle , 21 st June , 1842 . I Sib , —As the gaoler of this prison is unavoidably abi sent at the Insolvent Sessions at Wokefield , I have to j report the death of Sawnel Holberry , the Chartist , who | died this morning rather suddenly . On receipt of your j instructions , received last Saturday , I saw Holberry , ; in the presence of the gaoler , and read to him the letter , I and gave him a copy of the amount of bail required . I ' . immediately , on Holberry ' s request , Bent the scbooljjnasterto write a letter t ? BttCh person or persona as he wished , telling him , at the same time , to desire his bail to bring a note from a magistrate at Sheffield that ' ' they were responsible persons , as far as the amount of ; bail required ( £ 100 ) , and that he should return with j them , which w&s done ; and I also requested that they ! would be here to-day , as I was obliged to leave for : London in the morning , on particular business ; and I ! will call at the Home Office , if you require farther inj formation . The icqaest will be held as soon as the j coroner can come . J I have , &c , ; ( Signed ) Bar > "ari > Hague , 1 . Chairman of the ViBiting Magistrates of j York Castle . j PS . Ho reply to Holberry ' a letter of Saturday ' s date ' has been received . ) B . H . j To tbe Right Hon . Sir James Graham , Bart , j York Castle , 2 lst June , 1842 . j Samuel Holberry died this morning , at half-past four , of chronic inflammation of the liver , which mpiicated i some of the other abdominal viscera . j ( Signed ) William A ^ debsojv j Deputy Surgeon to York Castle . i
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| TO THE XD 1 TOB OP THE NOSTHEKN STAS . ' Sia , —1 hive the honour of requesting your attention 1 j to the following observations . ' j Whenever I have ventured to advance any argu-[ j ments in favour of universal suffexage , I have been mt 1 * j by the reply , that the labouring classes are not in a j condition to be entrusted with the privilege of voting , ' and tbat such a Parliament as they would return would ' | be unfitted to legislate for the country . ¦ i Tbis may or may not be so . The contrary cannot b « ; proved , but by entrusting the people with the powei * they raay abuse to their ruin . The objection , therefore , 1 naturally deters others from advocating their cause toe ? j strenuously . - 6 1 Bat with regard to our present Whig and Tory Parr liament , are they any more fitted to legislate for the ! country 1 Are they worthy to be entrusted exclusively 1 with the power they have ? What would be their loss : y Ihia may be proved ; they are in being . ' Now I will call tbe attention of your readers to theu 1 course of proceeding npon a subject in which no party interests , no class interests , and no politics are conctrned ; but only the great and common interests ol liberty , of humanity , and of justice . I allnde to tbe I dealing of the law , and of the authorities , with persona ¦ charged falsely , or not , with being of unsound mind . I I 1 will pass over the tyranny , the cruelties , the niiheard-of oppression exercised upon persons under this law , the 1 parallel of which can only be found in the histories we ' have of the Inqnisitior . These are its consequences : — ] I will come to the law itself . ' j It is notorious that nnder that law nothing ia required ; for the incarceration of a British subject , not being a j pauper , as a person of nnsound mind—but a written assertion or certificate to tbat effect by bis or her nearest j relation , or legal guardian—coupled "with tbe certificate [ of t « o medical men ; one of which need Dot be proi cured until after the act of confinement : which cerrifi-! cat-is merely state that tha medical men consider the ' person whom they have visited of unsound mind , and a j proper person to be confined . I 1 c is notorious that these certificates need not con-• tain any description of the nature cf the insanity , or of the grounds or reasons upon which the two medical men sign away the liberty and reputation of a fellow ' subject , and that they need not be shewn to the ' wretched person acecsed and confined . ; It is notorious that a British subject so confined , may : remain three months before he retires any visit from ¦ ] any person entrusted by our paternal Government to 1 receive their appeals . It is confessed that actually certain atylums are not visited by the magistrate once in the ^ e&r . .
Such have been the fruits of aristocratical legislation for centuries . And now , what is goiBg on ? What are the proceedings of the present guardians of our public liberties ; of the representatives of tha wealth and of the intelligence of the country ? A law is brought in by Lord Q . Somerset , by which { the above notorious defects in legislation are left unj touched , except that an endeavour ia being made , that : asylums shall -be visited abeut once in six weeks or two months—a result which is very problematical ; but j by which two travelling commissioners are to be ap-| pointed to procure in / ormalion . ' ! ] The commissioners so- appointed are to act in comj muBication with the seeret tribunal of the Metropolitan J Commissioners in London . Before whicb tribunal i inquiries are entered into upon charges against-any ' , individual confined—without any notice being given to I him , and without his being allowed to be present in ! person or by attorney . I This law is passiu ; almost silently through the ; House of CommoBa The only persons who have I offered any opposition are the much abused snpporttrs \ of radical leform , Mr . Wakley , Mr . Hawes , or Mr . i Hume . ! Now , Sir , I would ask , is this a House in which it ! can twith any niode&ty ) be stated , that if the labouring j classes were entruiteA with the suffrage they would not 1 elect persons fit to legislate for tbe country ? Do not | the aboTe facts speak volumes 1 Indttd ikey do . ¦ I have the . honour to be , Sir , Ttnr obedient humble servant , ¦ JOBS PEBCEVAL . ! Kensington , July 19 , 1342 . -
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A TEW W 0 RD 3 TO MY CHARTIST SISTERS EVERYWHERE . - Mt Fbiexes , —In my last address , if yon remember , I spake of what we ought to do , iul-1 am afraid I was j eoi explicit enough . Permit me now , in a few words , j to particulariz 3 . j I then said that we ought to furnish ourselves with collecting books and boxes . Suffer me to tsll those of yon who are anxio \ is to help forward our glorious cause , but are fearful if you had a box of getting but little , j bow to proceed . When I collected for the Wesleyan Missions , I made up my mind that , at all events , I would get-a pound in the twelve months . I got it , and j ODe and ninepecce more . I will tell you how , in hopes that many of yon will act on the aims plan . It was as follows : —Before I took eut my box , I persevered until I prevailed with more than twenty persons to let m& write down their names as subscribers of one farthing a week . One perBon gave me a penny per week , so that before I took oufc my box I made pretty sure of the money . Well , I used to call on my suoBcribera , once a month ; but I would advise yon to call once a fortnight So you perceive I had not so , much trouble as it " might be thought I had- Now I j cannot bat tfr * " * ' the poorest of you might do much in j this way . I shonld not like any of us to have oo better dependence than casual subscriptions . I am sure if we would but striie for it , we might get several who would cheerfully give us their farthings . By all means , then , ; let usbave them , remembering that the ocean is made j np of drops , and that " many a little makes a muckle , " j as the Scotchman Bay * . I told others of my plan at the ; time . I think nine or ten took out boxes . I never ; heard exactly wbat they got , but supposing we only got fifty shillings in all , dont you think tbat was worth ; looking after ? Had I waited until I got penny « r half-. penny iuhscribers , I don't think I sbonld have got eight - shillings duriDg the year , as 1 obtained all my farthings : from tLe poor , as I well knew all my respectable friends . -were collectors , or already subscribed to iha cause . As to those young people t £ at took out boxes , I really don't think they would or could , had they trusted to respectables , have collected a crown piece amongthe vrhole of then " . ' ¦
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-FTATEUfS'S LEGACY TO THE CHARTISTS . UECTCiE T . On the necessity of union , and of vigilance to preserve union . The subject of union naturally falls nnder three heads —nni ^ of sentiment , nnity of opinion , and unity of action . I shall treat of all three in consecutive order , and coadode *» ith the subject of vigilance as a corollary to that ration . I begin with unity of sentiment , K » d bsre we must first inquire Into the nature of sentiment What is sentiment ? Sentiment , as I tak « it . is the sense of the heart—the expression ef our natural feelings ""h * 31 ^^ aremoTed to utterance by sympathy . Unity of jeatiment -is tbe most common . of all—it is indeed general—it is almost universal . Unity of opinion ismnch less so , and less so still is uuity of action . Why is unity of sentiment the most common ? because all hnman beings we gifted with sensibility more or legs , and sentiment springs from sensibility as opinion from-sense and action from spirit . As human beings , we all experience in a greater or lesser degree , the common feelings of imman natore—we all feel joy or sorrow , love , hate , pity , tnd so forth . These are fellow , feelings that make as * 11 akin to each other , asSh&k&-pere beautifully expresses ituflo buuca at nature &e wnoie
| ' - mas me woria kin . Did -we live in a state of nature we should rejoice with those that do rejoice , and weep with those thai weep—for then our feelings wonld be unadulterated unsophisticated—w « should be as little children : —bui now , "nnder the present system—under our unsocial competition system there is little friendship—UttU fellowship to be found betwixt man and man , aye even bstwixt tkose whose near relationship whose pro * pinojtiiy of blood should heighten , should increase ; should connect , should entwine , should identify the common feelings of man to man , as between brothei and brother—parent and child . But thank &od , then is still enough of fellow-feeling Lft , still enough o : nature in our hear ts to unite us hi sentiment , at least for which of us , what working man , what tradeKmswhat gentleman , nay I will go higher still—I wil ascend the cold regions of aristocracy when icy hearts are ~ Embalmed -with eternal snow " oat of bamaaity ' s wach . " I will mount the Alpint heights of rank , and ask what Lord is there , what Duke who , on witnessing a case of inevitable distress or onlj on hearing of it , does not for a moment sympathise triti the Bufierex , and at least express pity , express a wish a ' least for his relief ? I grant that the more rare , tbe mori appalling the case , the more likely it would be to movi sympathy , but at any rate this proves that such a feelins exist * . For we are men . we are not monsters , not evei the Lords spiritual snd temporal themselves . I forget there ia ene , and for the honour of human nature , : trust there is but him alone—the demon Duke ; h < can mock suffering , he can blame the sufferer . " G . to , " says tha hard-heart to the industrious mechanic starving for want , " ye are idle , years wicked . ' " Men generally agree in the expression of their feeling ! at some notorious wrong dose to an individual , in xin expression ol . thtii indignation at the -jrrong-doer , am of their pity for him to whom the wrong was dene and we all rejoice when right is done , when restitutioi is made , when retribution ensues . We have a common interest in this ; it is for the sake of ourselves as well as for the sufferer that we make common cause with him . Sympathy makes the case our own in idea . Interest says that if we let it pass with impunity , it maj soon become our own in reality . Thus we have shown t&st a unity of sentiment nol only exists , but ib pretty general , it extends througi all classes , it binds alL There is no mistake in seraim&A . Opinions may be false , actions may be wrong ; but sentiment is native , is genuine . Like all the finei feelings it is fresher , stronger ia youth ; for time wears , weakens the better feelings of ou / nature , and thickens , increases the worse . Sentiment itself has its degrees , " it is mightier in the mightiest , " as Shakspeare says oi mercy . Sentiment ia a kind of weaker passion What we feel for another is sympathy ; wbal ire feel for cnraelves is passion ,- and p&ssior feeding upon itself grows to phreczy . There ii first emotion , then affection , then passion . We firsi feel sympathy for a sufferer , we then express on : sentiments on the subject ; this brings persecution on m from the oppressor ; then we feel a passionate affectlot for the cause . Junius has well depicted the progress of our feelings on such occasions , when speaking oi WHkes he sayi , " Hardly serious at first , he is now ai enthusiast . The coldest bodies warm with opposition —tbe hardest sparkle with collision . There is a holy mistaken zeal in politics as well as in religion . Bj persuading others we convince ourselves . The passiom are eng&ged and create a nanfcral affection ; in the mind ^ bich lotces ns to love the cause for which we
We have seen what sentiment is ; let us see the difference between sentiment and opinion , for in that difference lies the reason why we are less unanimous in opinion than in sentiment . Sentiment arises irom the feelings ; opinion is born of the understanding , —and there lies the difference . The heart a an honest thing : it is warm , it is hot What comes direct from the heart comes regardless of order and of consequences Oh that we all spoke the language of our hearts—thst we always did what onr hearts prompt us to do ; but how seldom is this tbe case : there are certain prudent , or rather selfish cansiderations that interfere—that interpose . The mind is mere cool and calculating—it checks the thoughts that spring spontaneous from the heart—it directB them to the mirror of the understanding—it shews them their nakedness , and asks them what they think of themselves—what others will think of them if they rash oat to view in this condition ; it bids them adjust tiiemselves so as to appear to the best advantage j and it too often prevails upon them to suit themselves to Xb& occasion—to consult , to consider not irntti , bat self-interest only . We often hear it said , " Many men , many minds ; " but we never hear it said , many men many hearts , because onr hearts are more alike than cur minds are . We do not differ in sentiment , but in opinion ; nor should we differ in opinion if we thought not of ourselves alone , bet of trnth and justice only . But we think of ourselves , ot onr situa tioEs , of our circumstances ; and we suffer these things to bias our minds , though not hearts ; oar opinions , though not cur sentiments ; our actions , though not our thoughts . When we are agreed is sentiment , selfinterest steps in , asd . makes ns disagree in opinion : -we dissent , we differ , division ensues , and heart is set against heart , tongues that spoke in praise vituperate , hands that were clasped in union are lifted up to fight Let us bring this to an example- We will say two men meet together on a field of battle after the fight is uoDe—they see a wounded maa lying—he is helpless , and in great pain—our two men , though they , are strangers to each other , thongh they had never seen esch other before—will , if they are not state-priests , t * l a mutual impulse to help the groaning man—to mctour idm , to save him—this impulse will arise from thrir union cf sentiment—they consider nothing but the necessity of the ease , the desire which sympathy fetls to relieve the sufferer—they join their hands , they unite their strength , and bear bim off to some place * hera his wounds will be attended to , where his wants ¦* ffi be supplied . After having done this , let ns suppose them seated , and talking over the aSair—they discourse first on the condition of the wounded man—one tMnks he -will recover , the other thinks it is imposfifele —they argue , they dheuES , they dispute , they < juar * el , asd probaWy reusce one another to as ill a condition is the "wounded Ti-. q-n sns in , whom they nnitad in sentimfent to sTicccnr , font about wLose condition thfcj feicrcd in opinion , till Irom -srords they Tose to actions , 5 S 3 aisablfcd one another bj blo-srs . Tfcat would be a fi- £ crei ! oe of of icion arising from Eclf-Iove , self-conceit , ; ti-1 unable to convince each other morally , they tried to : do it physically , and what conviction can arise from ; that ?—a conviction of superior fitili or strength , but notof sirpsriortense or reason . Bat , instead of de-: bating on the condition of the wounded soldier , we will ; suppose out two men to discourse on the battle in - ; ¦ wfckb . he fell Here there would be as much room for ; difference cf opinion from similar grounds , -and with a : anular result ; but Enpposing that they f ell into * con- \ versation on the eatui of the battle—whether the ¦ wounded nun had justics on tfce ride in which he : fought Here a difference of opinion may arise on . ¦ er - SroDIld 5 - S 3 y ^ he fought for liberty ! against tyranny . Sentiment will at once de- i tide fiat the e ^ ^ liberty is more just ; than that of tyranny ,- they may agree in opinion ; oa that point abstractedly considered ; but then , aye , ; ¦» b « n we come to the particular case in hand , a thon- and eauEea may concur to bias our opinions—king ind j eonntry , biitfe , education , price , prejudice , glory , am- , iBuon , interest— ail these may operate upon onr minds i -may change our Tery sentiments . The bias of self \ Sates ns swerve from the high road of principle , and , " » e turn into the bye-path of interest . StAf is our : « S : tre ; selfishness cor centrifugal force . Conld w < s fiy ; off , we might advance the world , and not leave it as ; ¦» e find it Had we the natural instinct of the dove , j " » e should need but oas whetl to sbow ua our position ;; tod then conld dart straight home . But like a hare , < * e come back with a drcumbendifcus to the place whence ! * e started ; or like 6 oga , we turn roend and lie down ; Iqus live we— thus we die . ( ¦ Dut
supposing that we were united , not merely in ; teBUmeni but in opinion ; ttie nfcxt thing is nnity of '; sctior . We must agree upon one plan of action , and i * e most &ct in concert ; else GUI opinions , out stnti- ' . x&esir » iii g 0 fOT nothing ; they ¦ will " be bnt as-the-^ tling of thorns under the pot—keeping np a mere ; ™ m » Us Dabble of agitation without effect We | Cna ? fat » were united in aectiment , and our unity of j sentiment united ^ - opMxm ,- bnt wien it came to J » rtion—aye , there was the rub— ¦ when tbe hour came , j 'here was the man ? There was differences as » the time , es to tbe place , aa to the means , as * the laetbod . Yes , here the greatest di-^* ty would take place , because Oils ia the most i ^ portaafc step . Some would be for taking one course , * ° tte another . Xbw , it would be of no use that we ¦ ere all of oss opinion nnlees we were aH actuated by ?* " wiU—by one vohmtary and simultaneous impulse . ** sj a popnlfii battle has been lo * t by tbe free-will , or r * ^ the Belf-will of some thwarting , or at least r ^ ng to co-operate with , the will of others . As union 11 Host p » cT : f ? i to our BuceexB—as it is Indispenaibly ¦ B e ^ aKiI T—We shonW 4 above fill thing * , study to promote * j *? n and to preserve it Wfaai i » ttte readieet way to ^¦ tt onion ? The minority shonJd bow to the majo-* J ~ -2 ilOHia abide by its decision—do as it directs
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THE-. N p Rf tE ^ : St ; l ^ ' ¦ ' : : ; ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ ¦ - - . =,.., . . ¦ . ' "¦ . ' . . -.. ,: ¦ , ¦ ' : : ¦ ¦ ¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . r ' :: ^ rM '&P - __ ¦¦ ¦ -,-- —¦¦ ¦ - - ' ¦ - ¦ ¦ — . _ .- ¦ ... . . _ _ . , -, ,,. -- _ ,. __ . . . i . _— — . . 1 - ' ^—» - - ' ¦ - . __ ' ,. ¦ : . ¦ . ¦ ¦ ... " ¦ . ¦ ¦ ; ' . ¦¦ *¦' - *¦ - •¦ . •• - - ' ¦ " ' ' ' . - - " " ' - , ' ^ i . ' r ~ , ' ..
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 30, 1842, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct609/page/7/
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