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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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GBEAT CRABJiST MSEIISG AT BRISTOL , IS RYAN'S BOYAL CIRCUS . On Wednesday last , the largest in-dooi meeting that has tsfcn olacBin Bristol for msay jBsra , -was neH in fiis above aiamed spacious l ) inldin ? , for the pnrpose of tearing 2 £ r . Pesrgus O'Connor . The bonding is sapa-3 Hb of folding somewhere afcout six thousand , and »« examined Jn-every part . 1 Ht . O'Connor and Mt Jtoberts arrived precisely « £ 3 gbt o ^ oii , and -were received with the moBt-bearty giofi JTDjffi- - 3 Ir . ~ Newmsn -was appointed to iaie the t&air , and after a fcrM and appropriate addrcs , introduced an Peargns O'Connor , who , npon presenting JnmBeH , was rreceived withloud and long continued * & **** * f-^ des ^ goodlyjminber of the ^ niddladassa , there , were ¦ not iew ^ ol the city aristae !** praent , and Mr .
a X » W « o £ p » ea * divided Ids add resnHto several fcadteoen Hitting & » posBon , the anterait , and-the TjrSneiplfis of those secSonato whom they were directed ; Sdiiiitig > n"r """ 3 i 2 » proved to flis middle and the jjg ber" classes , thai froni ths enactment of theP ^ opVa Charter , and that alone , could fhej expect any redress of those grievances -which afflicted their order , and to remove trhich they were now straggling in Tain . He explained how the several represented classes . had hitherto been enabled to insure a redress of their own jrifiTances "by using 3 Tifl « ntW ^ public opinion as a mtmr ^ t of attracting redress from the fears of the Government ; hnt that now , pnbne opinion -was too . sonnd , too highly cultivated , too Tirtoona and united to be turned into a
atarmlshing force to battle fox the interest of others . He explained the Land question from the beginning to the end , shotting hew the political power that it created induced its owners to misuse it , ¦ while the Tery ro sanest possession of a portion of it enabled the oppressed Irish people to stand ont mere fearlessly for their r ^ falB than the "RcgKfch hoiking men , "who , lieing -wholly deprived of it , sre « ompdlefl iojiveirom hand toKonth , and thereby lendered dependent npon the Trill of their task-masters . Mr . O'Connor also entered npon the -question of a Bspeal of the Union , showing its insfficifiiicy titiIpjw accompanied by the Charts , and leprobaong tie folly ef attaching all-iaportSEce to the mere existence of an Irish Parliament . As far , said he , as a mere Parliament goet , surely Ireland has no reason to
complain , as she has the united PaKament all to herself 1 IforMng bat Ireland , Irish landlords and Irish parsons , Irish magistrates , lxi&h policemen , Irish meetings , and Irish Anna'J 5 Q 1 , being discussed in the senate house ; so that in fact , Ireland has a great big Parliament sittiBg in Xondon , and England has no Parliament at all ; and if Ireland had a Parliament sitting in College Green , and returned by the same standard of franchise that the Irish Parliament sitting in London is returned by , why in that case all the difference would be , that desies £ i £ l ^ zants Trozilti tt > c n-n yp ^ rrwp domestic ^ w » t » m f Of their alsvea ; wMle With & general exchequer , all the mosey , oppression money , corruption money , and bribery money required for gorging Irish members , would be extracted from the industry of the ~ Rngii » 3 »
middle and working classes . Tha -nay aSrae objections iold good against a federal alliance ; and therefore , said ill . O'Connor , I am for a eislinct , independent , native PailiameBt returned npan every principle contained in the People ' s Charter ; and hence , I am a Repealer and a Charfiet— { this reasoning was followed by load and long-eontmned -cheering , the T y Whtnra ^ of whom a large number were present , joining lustily in the chores ; . ~ Mt . O'Connor then entered at considerable length spon the present state and prospects of tb . B Chartist Iwdy , jwfjtt ^ TiTw g the "beneBsB that tie " anticipated from the jsoiganlxalion of the party , and reiterating Ms determination to use Ms every energy to reconcile ail existing differences ; to unite the party into one great phalanx , inl then to rely upon the diBcre ^ oB , the couragj , and the judgment from such oneentr&tion , "for ihe success of the democratic prin etple . TVhfle be strongly f denounced the enlistment of
the Chszbst bedy under any sectional banner , he as strongly , and npon the same principle , repudiated any foreign connection whatever , observing in the words ei the poet—that If England was sol strong enough to keep thB dog from her own door , let her- be worried sad bitten . One of bis greatest difficulties had been that of i » i wowing and classifying opinion at lomc j and lie hoped that lie -srouM nerer live to sea Xbs day 'when * Rr > pi ^« . 7 nn ' ^ . TT ^ ahmfnri j -Scotchmen , or HR ' elshmen , Tronld be mad enough to harvra their cause , by an appeal to foreign arbitzateos , who , having adjusted the quarrel their own tray , would then erect the standard ¦ of foreign ^ niadle-clasi tyianiiT , to Vhich ha mnch prsferred tbe tyranny of "the lognes they knew . " - At ifce coDclnHan of Ms address , the speaker Bat down , amid the most raptnroaa and enthosiastic applaase , followed iy waring of t » j » and LandlcefeMefs , 'which lasted for seTEralminntea .
A cordial Tcte-of thants was then accorded to Mr . O ^ GQD 2 iary : 2 n * 7 Cply ' iO ~ wh 2 £ h » ~ . 2 xB * faftPi 7 , > "h ^^ -fiyt * seCGSjoly imposed "upon him ; of « t « T ^ rii-ng ga long upon bis Trounded legi bad gives ilm conadersble paia , and put it to the meetiBg whether they would not excuse bis attendance npon the following night , in consequence of the irjury , and npon a jrrnniBft that in six areesa he -would again address thent This apology -was received Trithihonts of "don't come to-morrew , asd well be jgiadro see jon again . " The speaSer then asted them if they had receivea any instrnctian from bis address , which was responded to -with one unanimous shoot of " Aye , "wehsve that . " Mr . O'Connor then proposed , asd Mr , Simeon seconded , a Tote of thanks to the Chairman , after which fl « assembled frh " 1 " ™^* retired TOTiA ^ isfifisd , ani ^ j as ^ t O'Cannor and ^ r- Boberts ctrova from the Cucas , they were greeted with loud and enthnsi&stic cheers ; tha Ijtstb Hibernians strnggliag hard for a shake of their countryman ' s hand .
It wonld be impossible to describe the altered tone of the several parties since Mr . O'Connor ' s visit ; all -classes joining in the avowal , that be is resolved upon doing vbtat lies 3 a "M » pchrer far tie ameHoratdori of the worMng classes ; whDe they are ready to admit , thai they have been mistaken in their opinion of him . TTw jjjahmen m particalar express their thankfulness at nerax Tmingjainedin any abuse or dennnciation of Km , whom ttey call the "BIGHT SOBT OF AN TmSHMAX . *'
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F . ( yCONhOR , ES ^ , W TROWBRIDGE . SlQs laving been distribnted . in "thiB town and ¦ vicinity , yrmhnnftmj a -pabBc meeting to deliberate en the present distressed state of the country , and that P . O'Connor , Esq . would be present , at the time appointed Jot the arrival of that distinguished patriot on Saturday evening , crowds of the working classes were to be seen proceeding towards Bath from whence Mr . O'Connor was expected , and waiting bis arrival on Ironl Common f between Trowbridge and Bradford ) , ¦ where an excellent band-sras in attendance . Xbecongregsting crowds soon lec&me autxiona thonssads ; accessions of numbers contonnaDy smving fromthe snrrounding villages . Hz . O'Connor at length Arrived and was met with the most enthusiastic greeting of the assembled multitude . After the cheering had somewhat-
subsided , the carriage , preceded by the band proceeded towards the town , the numbers increasing as they approached , tin on entering TrowbridgB , tbe streets leading ; to the Inn at which Mr . O'Connor was expected to pat vp were crammed , sod 'the windows of nearly every house crowded with anxious spectators to see the great champion of the cause of the people . The number * could not have faftpn short of 10 , 000 . "Mt . O'Connor having alighted irom tbe carriage , after remaining a abort time for refreshment proceeded to the place of meeting , - Hope Chapel , which from the idea of many ( as we "heard expressed afterwards ) that it would be useless for them to come to attempt an admission , or from the distress of others , the admission being twoj > e ce , and xeserred-seatB sixpence , was not BO foil as might " have been
deairedfflr . JaMES Maecha > 't having been nnaTiimonUy elected to £ 11 the chair , said—Ladies and Gentlemen , 3 feel proud that yon hava seen proper to elect a Working anas to the chair this evening . I will proceed atones to zesd the bill jailing this meeting -which is as follows : — *• TfcOWBBiDGE . —The- barter , the league , and Repeal h—Feargns O'Connor , Esq—On Satnxday , July 29 , a pnblie meeting to deliberate upon tbe present distressed state of the country , will be held at Hope Chapel , when that indefatigable friend of the people , Teargna O'Cannor , E » q ., will address tbe meeting . The inhabitants of the town generally , and its Ticmty , are lespectfally iavited to attend ,-with open , candid , and unprejudiced minds . —Tbe chair will be taken at seven o ' clock precisely . Tbe patriot , being ¦ nnaMato speak inlhaopen air ; there"will be no proeesswrajTWYB » bead ol mmfj ^ -fo " welconie Wtn into ibB toy * - —Admittance 2 d . each ; xeserved seats 6 d ., to detray the expenses . "
3 fca Chatenaa procee 3 ed—My friends , we are met ieretodehberateon a snlgectrnU of import to every Zr £ ^ ££ L ? le * JV ! re ' " ** * ° ™ 9 « ire into tae cau ^ s £ r ^^ M * £ ! i £ iiD 9 Bi 18 **¦* ' «» tte best remecy % . % Z * 2 S& 2 tt * £ Z £ Z . SS ^ M ^ JWSMSlsS aSSs ^^ sssaisajS sa ^ ggaweftKKiS to ^ bafe race- that invitation
aoay ssy bad been -nnK iBianaeavonreito create the most anfalr prejudice te the mtoflsof ae people against tha geatianen whom they-mnddfcave fte pleasure ofiearmg tbitevewna . » ns isTrasljappy to * ay tbeylad not succeeded n ^ na tt&nifeBtod iy tha immbsa who 2 nd welcomed tha patriot O'Connor to their town thxt evening—( eheersv Se would call ob Mr . 3 taw 2 ings to move the resolution Mr . SxwioBGSstud , ha was proua to see Mu > nmabers assemBled to listen to thB gentleman who had come there to address them , bat he was sorry there ¦ ware not mare . And why were thess not more ? It was not beeaaeibB hearts of the people were not with that gentleman . ' If they had any doubts on that point "let them looirto tBeprocesnon previous toast meeting -and those doubts wonld be dispeQied . Tbere-they could iave seen "the thoiaiufis with gasingeyesand with warm bearts , to welcome" tbe psteiot to iheir town . No , it
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was i ( ot from tbs feeling of the people that tbry saw no more ih «« that evening . It was because cf their Doverty A few years ago , in that town , twopence wonld have been nothing to the working man . A nenny , a shilling , or a pound , wonld have beennotbing Sen . Y « s , a pound conld have been better spared then than two-pence could now—( beat ) . The accursed system under which they lived had grouid down , the poor to sneb a state that men coald nob come , for tb / dr children were ; crying at borne for the two pennyworth of bread—( bear , bear ) . They had come there for the pnrpose of considering that under which England was now groaning—distress ; and he was sure that every honest , every , reasonable , every just man that j wishes , well towards his fellow men , could not object to discuss the
best means of remrving it from the shores of their land—( cheers ) . He believed that all the evils under which the working classes were now groaning originated in class legislation —( cheers ) . We look for prosperity alone from the enactment of that document so mnch depised by tbe rich , but approved of by tbe poor—the People ' s Charter—icbeers ) . He wonld read to them tbe resolution be had to propose , embodying these sen * timents , and which "was as follows : — "That it is the opinion of this meeting that the unprecedented distress of the labouring classes is owing to class legislation ; and tbe only remedy to recover happiness and prosperity is the enactment of the People ' s Charter ; and tins meeting pledges itself not to relsx its influence and power until that document becomes' the law of tbe
land "—( cheers ) . Now , be would ask them , was there ever a time in the history of Great Britain , when distress was so general as at the present time ? There was not till the present time a period in our history , but that the boaest and industrious man coald live by the fruits of his labour . The man at the plough used to go to the field with pleasure , and ¦ whistle whilst at work with a secret joy . And why did he do so ? It was because when he rose in the morning , and whilst employed in his daily labour , lie could look to the evening , and know that after his toil for tbe day was finished he could return to a good home to enjoy the comfortable meal with bis wife and little ones . But now when the man rises in the morning , be proceeds to bis labour with a gloom on his countenance and a heavy heart
without a bope to cheer the day or raise his drooping spirit . He knows that when bis labour f shall be completed , be has to return to a hovel that scarcely shelters him and his family . Such is the change that has taken place . Instead of happiness and cheerfulness prevailing , all is gloom and heaviness ; instead of warm and comfortable clothing be sees bis wife' and family in rags . There is no food in that pantry that used to be full ; the pig-sty too that used to contain a good pig . is now without one and has been : so for come t : mo as 1 b shewn in its ruined condition—broken , almost demolished ; the pantry that used to contain a good fli » p >» of bacon and barrel of beer , now contains bo 1
bacon , and tbe barrel 'Without toe beer , and often the barrel is gone too . Tbe present distress made it high time for England to awake , to arise , to inquire the cause that pressed her down— ( cheers ) . This is called a Christian land ; there is mere Christianity professed in this country than all the world besides ; but tbe beloved spirit of charity of Jesus bad sunk deep Jnto the spirit of forsetfnlness amongst them , and this bad made more infidels -tn « i all other causes besides . It was the duty of-Christians to awake ; it was the duty of ministers to stir up their hearers to action lest the flood-gates pi infidelity be opened snd overflow the land . Class legis latien was the evil that oppressed the working man and brought him into bis present distressed condition .
Jtic BOLWKLL , of Bath , in seconding the resolution , said , it veb a long time since he met thtm upon an occasion like the present , but though he had sot lately bad an opportunity of attending their meetings , he had not forgot the many times he had enjoyed democratic fellowship with them . When he entered thtdr town be bad no intention of taking any part in the proceedings of that evening . But since their chaintias had called upon him to second the resolution which they bad beard proposed , be should feel much pleasure in according with his request ; for as long as life animate ! bis frame , and the b ! eod flowed in bis veins , whilst he had a duty to perform in tbe cauBe of liberty , he would be found at bis post to fulfil it . ( Cheers . ) You have heard the
olgect of ihe present meeting from your Chairman , and also the resolution moved by our friend Mr . Rawlings , which shews the only means of removing the present distress of the country . Our friend has regretted that many gentlemen whom be thinks should be here are not with ns ; that many professing Christianity are found wanting in real sympathy for the wants of the poor . Well , they were absent , and where were they 7 They were at home in their parlours , or on their sofas . { Hear , bear . ) They know , yon know , 1 know , that the Chartist form ol government would bring happiness and prosperity to all classes of society ; and so selfish are they that they would aot , for one moment , the working classes were placed on the same footing -with themselves . He bad read of their having a Urge meeting in
Trowbridge to oppose the Factory Bill , and those gentlemen who were now absent -were not sparing in their condemnations of Sir James Graham and tyranny . ( Hear , hear . ) It then touched themselves ; but now a meetin * was called to consider that which more particularly affect ed tbe "working classes , tbey-were not to be found . The resolution they had heard proposed , } after speaking of the universality of the present distress , stated tbe cause of it to be class legislation , and the only remedy to resover happiness and prosperity was the enactment of the People ' s Charter . This was bis opinion . Now , with regard to the prevalence ef the distress . They felt , it—as a manufacturing people , they felt it more than others ; bnt tbey were not alone . Many of them might think that distress was unknown to the people of Bath
—that it was a thing not to be found ! in that aristocratic city . He wonld give them three instances to shew that poverty did exist even in j Bath . A few month * ago a boy and a girl fell down In the streets from exhaustion , in consequence of "want of food . iSbamfl . ) Another case was that of a poor woman , who had died suddenly . A Coroner ' s inquest was held upon the body , and he was one of the Jury . From what be beard in evidence , and from the appearance of the body he was induced to think the woman had died of want . He consequently expressed his opinion to bis brother jurors , and they requested that a post mortem examination should take place , and what did they think was the result ? In England , in Bath , the Qneen of cities , and seat of the aristocracy—tbe Queen
of cities in a country boasting of being the glory of surrounding nations and tbfr admiration of tbe vrorld , tbe surgeons discovered nothing in the stomach of this woman , but a small portion of pudding ; and what think ye , daughters of England , was the covering of this poor woman ?—it was nothing but tbe ragged remains of an old shawl—( shame ) . Yes , there lay our sister in Bath , tbe Queen of cities , clothed in these rags , and dead for the want of the necessaries of life—( shame ) - He did not wish to excite j their passions . He mentioned these instances only for , the pnrpose of showing them that distress wax not confined'to Trowbnrige , but was to be found in Bath .: Distress was not to he found alone in the agricultural or the manufacturing districts , bnt everywhere . He Trrould ask
thta as men after this if there was ao need of a remedy ? Whether or not , something ought to be done before we were amrihilited ? What then , the question would be , is to be done ? Several remedies hail been proposed by various parties . Some were for the Repeal of tbe Corn Laws , ctbezs for building churches , and a comber of remedies besides bad been 1 proposed . He be'ibved that tbe only remedy to bring about permanent prosperity , and restore England to that state she formerly was in was tbe enactment of the People ' s Charter as the law of the land . But perhaps there verts some there who did not understand what tbe Gbartti was . Its first principle -was ; Universal Suffrage . What does this mean ? It means the power of electing those men by whom they were to be governed .
T&in was cried against by tbe middle class , and it vas pretended the working classes -were not sufficiently educated to possess a vote ; and that they would elect a House of Commons which wonld taing rain upon the country ; but he Tfould ask them who had got the power of voting at present ? It was impossible they could have a House of Commons less qualified than tins present one , let them elect them how they would- —( bear , hear ) . There "was very little danger in his opinion , in giving the i Snffrage to the people . Sid tiiey mean to Bay the people -would not know who were the men best fitted to serve tbem ? Let them look to their trade societies , their benefit societies , and all the other societies with which tbey were connected , and see if they did not know how to elect
tbe bast men to fill the various offices fin them —( hear , fctsar ) - Did they not know -when they -were hungry , when tbey were thirsty , when they were naked ? When they were taunted with being ignorant he would say give tbem the Franchise acd it will make ! them think—it will make them -wise , for instance , suppose John to be s very ignorant man , but then recollect God bas given him a mind . God haB given every man a mind . It is an insult to , it is treason against , Deity to say a nan has not got a mind . And that mind is capable of thinking and of inquiring . Well , yon give John a vote . Be directly inquires what he shall do with it ? He feels , be knows he has got something given him which he is required to use again . Well , be has got a neighbour who knows something about politics—he
goes to him and says—Tom , I havegot something here , vhat is it ? Tom lookB at tbe paper ' and says , it ' s a vote Jack . A vote , says John , what's . the meaning of thrt ? Why , Jack , it is a vote for a Member of Parliament—yon have the power to give your voice for or againBt the election of any man to tbe House of Commo s . Well , here is the man led to inquiry , and the more the man inquires , the greater importance Tdll he attach to that which be has hid given Mm . ( Hear , hear . ) Slaves are always ignorant , and willing slaves thB most ignorant Bnt place man in fa state of freedom , ana yoa ^ jn „ , £ „ , jaj m - ^ fceJ renters . ) He oadanch
pleasure in seconding Ihe resolation . M * . P'Consob then rose and ifu loudly ana eathnsiasKcaHv cheered . He said , ) Mr . Chairman w P ^^ men of Trowbridge , Ifdraw a donble niference from what I nave seenito-night . The S ^ th *? *^ ? ^ ta ^ e proves ts me that the people iw . % f £ * ¥ 5 - wMlst ttetoPafcers inside otI ^^ wL *^ 1 * 50 * 16 ¦*» I ™ P ° « to ! carry but their C& ^ i ^ - Before cwninj to their SSel ^ S , ?? < ^ ? « wconnts of the spirit oiuie , peopi eof Wbridge , andironi what leliad ffiSfeSlT * * ^^ windnoed afc all to dinunsawsasqaaarriw sasffl
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which aad been stated by tho gentlemen moving the resolution , in animadverting on the distress of the country , of tho people ' s ability twenty yeara ago vjhen compared withthepreserit time . Twenty years ago we wereltold £ 1 was not bo much to the working man astwo-pencei was at present . Now how do I turn this fact against yourselves ! 1 will tell you . Because when | yda were in a better condition you would not spend the pound in securing your political lights , but } allowed yourselves to be cheated with impunity , ' and the chain xivetted while asleep , until thesorew / becametoo tight , and then you began to awake and find you have not two-pence to assist in procuring them ^ - ( hear , hear ) . So it was with all classes ; they would not stir until thev beean to
BUttvr themselves—Ihearj hear ) . Now if it was necessary thafeiha pound should become two pence in order for } democratic t principle to gain the ascendancy over aristocratic principle , he rejoiced that it had [ become so . If it was necessary that the levelling system should take place before the mind ; could be roused to a sense of man ' s degradation , he for -one would say the sooner that system came into operation the better . ( Cheers . ) They had poverty amongst them in Trowbrid ft e . When he saw-the thousands outside who had expressed their approval of the democratic principle , and when he saw but the hundreds who were abie to afford to come , and take an exposition of those principles from a person in whom thev bad
confidence , he could not but think that even that would have a good effect . Those who were without would be led to inquire into the cause which had kept them out , whilst the favoured and fortunate , and likely the most iniquitous claSB , were able , by superior circumstances , to gratify their inclination . If justice had been done to all , there would have been no necessity of any one attending there that nigiit , and his " occupation .. would be gone . " But . no ; justice had not been done , and therefore it was they had recourse to his preaching to know the nature of the laws under which they were governed . It was Saturday night . They were paid their wages , and left their labour at an earlier hour than on any other evening . And why were tbey paid earlier 1
Because they were to be allowed a little time to rest after their week ' s work—because they wanted a short time to spend their earnings to the best advantage—because they should enjoy the domestic comfort , and make the preparation for their families for the coming day . Then why were they called there ? Why had any man a right to bring them from those neoessary engagements ? It was because they had felt , the screw of the limes , whioh made it necessary for them to come to listen to one whilst he compared the errors of the system under whioh they were groaning , and the advantages of the system desired to advance in its stead . ( Cheers . ) He would draw a lesson from their comparative situation in that roam . In the body of the room they
had paid 2 d . for admittance ; in the reserved seats they had paid Cd ., and were in consequence more comfortably situated . Let them learn wisdom from this comparison . Let them take care lest any little neglect of duty should consign them in a short time to the body of the hall , and those in the body of the hall outside the door —( cheers ) . The existence of the Idistress was generally acknowledged ; but few could be found to tell how to get rid of it . He believed ! in the People ' s Charter , as the only means of . bringing about an effectual chaDge—( cheere ) . When he said the People ' s Charter he did not mean a . part of the Charter , but the whole Charter and nothing but the Charter—( cheers ) . Their Charter was like a pretty woman ; if you destroy her eye or cat off her nose , you may make her very ugly —( cheers and laughter ) . But you will ask how will the Charter remedy it ? He would ask how had the old system made them what they
were ! He could tell them well enough . There were many masters employing one hundred hands in that town . But those masters were not to be found at that meeting . They were not disposed to extend the Charter , beeaHse it would too much expose their iniquity . Let them take the masters in the aggregate * The trade of Trowbridge had been of some importance . \ Suppose the profits of the maBters to be £ 1 , 000 , 000 . Many had retired from business , and were now living in luxury and ease from the capital amassed by the labour of the people . And this capital rwas called legitimate property . This was one of the many causes of the present distress . This was what had helped to impoverish them . Tho masters had robbed them by peculation , and then given them a poor law instead of their just and equitable rights . The present laws prevented men from reaping the benefits of their labours . What would have been the case if the
10 , 000 inhabitants who contributed to tho wealth of the masters had possessed their own profits them-Belve why they would have had jEIOO a piece—( hear , hear ) . Mr . Bolwel ] had very justly referred to the perverted and prejudiced opposition to the Education Bill . They ( the opposers of the bill ) mustered all the prejudice and not the intelligence of Trowbridge . Tbey sought your oo operation when their own interests were touched ; but now your grievances are to be discussed they are not here to assist you . Now 1 want you to learn that if y « u have strength to oppose the ministers , if yon are strong to resist power when : they require it , you are strong in your aggressive power when you require it for yourself . We dont want them with us . Our principles are
not of a class or sectarian character . A oneness of mind and singleness of purpose for the good of the whole pervaded the principle of their Charter . No power was now able to lead them one road or the other , but they continued in the strait path and there they were determined to abide . These deceivers had been unmaBked . The working classes had become awake ; to their machinations , and where was the power that would again close their eyescheers ) . We do not want them , be again repeated . They would , prevent and dissroy the principles of the People's Charter , as they did the Reform Bill—( hear , hear ) . But how could men destroy a prinoiple perhaps they would ask ! He would tell them . By the introduction of details they could make the
Charter as'useless as the Reform Bill —( cheers ) The People ' s Charter would extend to them what they were looking for . He attached all importance to that measure , and would not it should be altered —( hear , hear ) . They had been told that education and information was nocessary for the possession of the Franchise ; but they had never pointed what the test was to be . He thought by a fair judgment the working classes would stand as good a chance as the higher classes in this respect ; but if the men who taunted them with being educated were to be the judges , why they would be educated sufficient for a vote somewhere about Tib ' s eve , and | that came sometime neither before nor after Christmas ( laugb ) . Men won ' t be informed whilst they remain ignorant
of the educ&tisn necessary for the enjoyment of iheir rights . But as Mr . Bolwell had shown them , give the man a right and he would learn the way to use it . There was a power in the idea of a man's being a freeman that would make him determined not to be behind his fellow-men ( cheers ) . Those big wigs who live in Btone houses , call me a destroyer , —with having a desire to take the money from those who have it . I wish no such thing . I honour the man who makes his fortune by his industry , so loDg as he makes that fortune in good game , and not by oppressing bis fellow-men ( cheers ) . But as tho present system leads to poverty , I am not a conservator of the present system . Why are tho masters not here now . Where are the shopkeepers , those middle links
between the producers and consumers , who thrive ol the well-being of the working classes . Some are here ; all ought to be here . They were beginning to learn that an empty till on Saturday night made an ugiy wife on Sunday morning . There was no excuse for them . But if there came an election to-morrow , they would hope to pass over the present difficulties , and vote . for the Whits or the progressive Whig , rather than ; for the supporter of the People ' s cause If there be fifty persons ia this town , owing £ 50 , 000 each , the Charter would not take one farthidg from one of them . But the Charter would prevent them from making more than they ought by the people ' s labour . The People ' s Charter would prevent taxation from being made a substitute for the land , or the Poor Laws for food . Mr . O'C .
then spoke of the appropriation of the land whioh ought to be set apart for the support of the Crown , He spoke of the Income Tax , of Sir Robert Peel who had acted as recruiting sergeant to their cause by the passing of this measure . The middle classes were jealous of their own pockets . They cared not for the fifteen shillings in the pound you were paying as long as you : were in the crucible ; but when the law took three per cent . from , them they came forth and said we won ' t stand it any longer —( cheers and laughter ) . [ We will not lend ourselves to any party in England ^ Scotland , or Wales for any sectarian purpose . - We wish justice to all . The present system has lavishly expended the resources and driedno the nores of the country . They have been expended
for the benefit of ( he few to the injury of the many . Is there any here will tell us the land is equally distributed , - that machinery is made as extensively benefiting is it ought , that we have need of our large standing army in time of peace , or tho navy costing £ 7 , 400 , 000 per annum , or that it Ib essential we pay £ 7 , 800 , 000 for a church establishment . These are abuses you never hear the middle classes com * plain of ; because they were seeking to participate in these abuses . I will explainTvhat we seek to destroy We who have no intelligence—we would destroy all in our laws that is old and not for the good ol the communityi We would not desire to destroy the whole ; for as tie tyrant may be sometimes
philanthropic , so there may be some good laws among oar legislative ' enactments which we would preserve . That was allwe desired—the destruction of bad laws and the establishment of jttBt ones in their stead . They say they don ' t like to triiBt the working classes . And why not ! Why , because they know , and I know , that if there be one hundred classes , and ninety-nine be represented , and the working class not , then it is the interest of the ninety-nine to grind down that one . But if you enfranchise the working classes , they cannot do juBtice to themselves without benefiting the other ninety-nine . In juBtioe , labour should be allowed to produce all it can , with a fair protection of it to the labourer . It is npon the labour field all must depend . They have
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paralysed labour , and now they are m a state of bankruptcy , and fating one another like so many Kilkenny cats . Yes , those fellows who are living from the profits of infant sweat * and old men ' s blood , and the toil of women to support men ' s wants , would rather you were to the devil than that you should ] look to the land for relief . These axe the men who proclaim cheap bread , high wages , and plenty to 1 do . There was a time when men had no reason ) to quail before the master , when there was no need for subserviency ;) bui circumstances bad rendered men wholly dependent upon their taskmasters , and ho would confess he should look twice before he left a master , was he a working man , at the present time , to attend a Chartist meeting . But
he desired to prevent the masters from ' possessing this power to tyrannise over the working people . Mr . O ? C . then exposed tbe conduct of tbe leaders of the League , and the £ 501000 , the great part of whioh ibad been expended in travelling expenoes , &o ., for the leaders who boasted of their philanthropy , and patriotism . He never received anything except aB a guest at their festive board , whioh he would } rather attend than the banquetb of their tyrants—( cheers ) . The Rebeccaites in . Wales , the Church in Scotland , and the agriculturists and manufactures in England were all striving for their secular interests . But nothing would be gained for the people , until the People ' s Charter became law . He might be considered a vain man , but he
thought he had done much , and the Chartist agitation had done a great deal ; yet they had done nothing to what would be done in the next three months . They had been thought dead . Bat they would ; find the killed Chartists rising from the grave , and with a hop , Bte . p , and jump , start from where 1 , they Were stopped in 1842 . They had been stopped by the late prosecutions ; but thanks to his friendi by his side , the Chartist Attorney-General Mr . Roberts , they were inwable to go oa in their good cause . Mr . O'Connor passed a high eulogium on Mh ' Roberts , and the meeting gave three hearty cheers for that gentleman , which having subsided , Mr . O'C . Baid , the carrying out of his purposes depended on themselves , they must unite for their
own cause and nothing else . No sectarian quarrels would do . They had no interest in any of them . They must unite for that whioh would alone ensure their rights—the full establishment of the People ' s Charter . The change that had already taken place in tho character of the people gave him confidence and led him to rely oa them for future victory . He rejoiced that in the present state of the people , reduced to the lowest possible point , they were more difficult to be bought , more etrong in their principles than in their more prosperous days . He rejoiced that the next change would not be brought about by physical force ; but would > be by the people ' s taking advantage of any opportunity for whioh they wonld be prepared . The Reform Bill failed beoause the
people knew not what they had to expect—they knewi not for what they were contending . But now the people knew they were contending for the Six Points , and that the very first Parliament so elected would properly develop the resources of the country , and that if , ; in 1844 , the Parliament did not follow out their , wishes in 1845 , they could appoint another . ( Cheers . ) Mr . O'Connor then warned thd people against any physical outbreak , and showed the evil effects of them by facts from history . He then showed that all the great inventions and improvements had been made to benefit a tevr instead of being used for tbe general good , and said it wanted reform to give the proper effect to all these good improvements , and whilst
class-legislation existed , it would be impossible to do justice . The bishops and parsons told us it was necessary we should suffer trials and temptations here for the good' of our souls hereafter . Now , if such was necessary , why did they not take their part . ( Hear . ) What so dear to a man as his eternal welfare , and the salvation of his soul ; why not , therefore , allow the Bishops to take part in the tribulation , the weeping , wailing , and gnashing of teeth so requisite here ; why should not they be allowed to put on tho sackcloth and ashes , and doff the ermine and fine linen ; ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) It was high time that the working classes should change their position . * He wished to reorganize the public mind , to bring their feelings into unity , to destroy the
oppressiveness of class legislation , and make labour free . They must club together the intellect of the country , and then , with a good Executive , bring it to bear against all the citadels of corruption . Mr . O'Connor then , ' in reference to the-. a . ccident at Frome , said ttat whilst the Factory Bill was being opposed , every chapel in Frome would have been opened for the purpose of meetings , and all would be on the tip-toe to raise tho standard of liberty and charity aronnd them . But when-the poor wanted to discuss their grievances , they were driven to a rotten room , where he an < l many others were likely to have been killeii . And if he had been killed , what acclamationsi and rejoicings would have been heard fiom those gentlemen who were the professors of so
much charity . But he had one consolation left ; he should have ' -the ' gratification of knowing , that had he been killed , ho should have left tho world in a better state than ho had found it—( loud cheers ) . But he was ' determined to combat and beat oppression—( cheers)—and the next thing was to make the victory of their enemies ; as short as po . -. sible , and for that purpose ho had fixed on Monday next as the time when he would a ^ ain visit Frome , and though contrary to his expressed determination ^ he would on this occasion address the peo ple on terra firma , in the open air —( cheers ) . Principle was not a cock-shot , to be shot through with a bullet or cut down with the sword . What so powerful as
the decree of justice i What so omnipotent as right i And they had both justide and right on their side . We had abuse and oppression arranged against us in various forms , but as long as it was oppression , they looked upon all with equal disgust . And they looked to God , the Charter , and their principles , as the only salvation from their common enemy . Mr . O'Connor sat dona amidst tremendous cheering , ! and the resolution j-having been read by the Chairman was carried unanimously . Ah address was then presented to Mr . Feargus O'Connor , by Mr . Alfred Marchant , which having been adopted by acclamation , three cheers were given for Mr . O'Connorand the Charter . After a vote of thanks to the Chairman , the meeting quietly separated .
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HOUSE OF COMMONS . — Friday . Lord J . Russell rose to bring before the House the general state of the country . After defending tbe course lie took as perfectly constitutional , he stated his reason for not making a formal motion of want of confluence in the Government to bo , that the House bad already expressed that confidence by the vote it c lme to on the motion of Mr , S . O'Brien , in reference to the state of Ireland . He then referred to the legislative failures of the session , and asked -wh . it had been the result of the great majority possessed by the Ministry ? Had all the measures they had abandoned been given up on account of tbe violence of the opposition in that House ? H « contended " that they had failed
without any factious opposition . He might well ask whaJt has been the result of that happy state of things which the Right Hon . Gentleman opposite announced when be went to his election as a Minister of the Crown and itold his coBstituenta that the majority in the Honse of liords being now agreed , the constitutional instrument would be in harmony . Oae might well ask , now this instrument iB in-Budi harmony , what is the music whico it plays?—( Laughter ) What are the tunes with which our ears have been delighted in this happy state of musical concord' —( Continued laughter . ) It has not been . £ ; think , Rule Britannia '—( Loud cheers and laughter ) . The agricultural gentlemen would hardly say that it has been 'The Roast Beef of Old England . ' The Irish Members are not
agreed in saving that it is 'St . Patrick ' s Day in tbe morninc' I am not sure ( as we understood ) that it has alu-avs been ' God save the Queen . ' The only tune which occura to me is one which we sometimes bear from the ^ lee singers at public dinners , ' We ' re a' noddinY Such appears to me to be the result of this admirable harmony ! which the Right Hon . Gentleman gave out as such a great advantage to the country . With respect to the foreign relations of the country * the Noble Lord alluded only to one . question—the war carried on against the Ameers of Scinde ; he described the conduct of the Ministry , in withholding the . papers referring to the origin of the dispute with them , as most extraordinary . He then reverted to domeotic affairs , and went into a minute examination of the state of
ouimanafactures and exports , reading a number of tables to shew tbat , in several important branches of trade there had ; been an alarming decrease . He pointed out the error of the Government in introducing bo uncalled-for a measure as the Canada Corn Bill , which had alarmed the farmers without benefltting the community at large , and [ strongly denounced the policy that excludes manufactures of this country from the markets of the United States , by our refusal to take their agricultural produce-He j stated the general financial scheme of the late Government , and cempared it with that of the present one ; contending that the endeavour ought to have been to increase the trade and ' consumption of the people , rather than raise a revenue from direct additional burdens upon the' country . He mentioned another means of sup - plying the deficiency—retrenchment of expenses , a ceurse rendered possible by the cessation of hostilities
with China ; but he recommended them to carry out their own principles of trade . "It is said , " continued the Neble Lord , ' " ¦ 11 af ^ m veaigai ' farsimonia '— - ( laughter)—but I might say now , Magnup * vecligal sapientia '—{ oheew andllaughter ) . If you hail only recourse to those principles of trade so ably expounded by the Bight Hon . Gentleman the President of the Board of Trade—( hear ) jou might nave done something to make up the [ deficiency ; but , notwithstanding your own incomparable skill— llwghfcerj—and though you taxed ns with being miserable financiers —( hear , hear)—you have sot been able to overcome tbe difficulties with which you are snrrounded "—( cheers ) . They had let tbe ' time tot retrenchment go by . Tbey might have reduced their expenditure considerably , at the close of the j Chinese war ; conld ) tbey do so now ? Wai it now a state of quietneca and peace ? Expensive es-
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tablishments were rendered still necesaary , because they had not adopted that line of policy whieh tended to preserve peaca , order , and content . He aliuded to Wales , and at much greater length to Ireland , and exposed the poverty of the answer he had heard given to statements of the ! more satisfied condition of tbe people of that country under the late Gaverhment , in which the Ministry , j quoting from a speech of Mr . OConnell , repeated his preference of the present ruler of Ireland over either ! Lord Normanby or Lord Fortescue . "I say , giving j Mt . OCoanell credit for patriotic objects ( I am not giving him credit for any extraordinary degree of virtue or indifference to power ) , I cannot wonder he should prefer the present Government—( cheers from the Opposition )—when he finds his rent has risen from a few hundreds to £ l 5 i 000 the quarter ,
and he has a far better budget t » produce than the Chancellor of the Exchequer . ( Cheers and laughter . ) When he finds his { power over the people of the country almost unbounded in comparison with the Lord Lieutenant , I cannot wonder that exulting in power , and seeing the means at his disposal ) be should rejoice be bas to deal with such a Government . " He dwelt on the presenl ; state of Ireland at some length , and , referring to the Repeal meetings , said he could not believe tbey were legal . And were they to go on unchecked ? Would I the Government wait till OConnell summoned a Convention in Dublin , and took tha actual Government of the country out of . their hands , while the Lord Lieutenant sat idle in Dublin Castle ? He recommended conciliation aUd tbe redress of grievances , rather than coercion—such a policy as should enable them to reduce their military strength in Ireland ,
and better enable them to meet their enemies in other parts of tbe world . JThe Noble Lord concluded in the following words : — "If I am well founded in the observations which I nave made , we are now entering upon a mast critical period ot oat history . If you pursue a large , a liberal , and a comprehensive system of policy yon will increase tbe ] means ; you will add to the material wealth of the country ; you will augment its comnieree , and you will ' enable this country still to maintain its position as the most powerful and free commercial country in the world . It is in your power , I believe , to wean the peoplo of Ireland from their attachment to the cause of Repeal , by inducing in them a belief that
this House is willing to do full justice to any cause of complaint , and to remedy the grievances under which they labour—( cheers ) . If you take thia course , I believe that your power in this country , instead of being diminished , will be immeasurably strengthened for the purpose of carrying out any system of foreign or of home policy which you may have in contemplation ¦—( cheers ) . But if [ you resolve to adopt the other course—if you represent , as I think you do , two distinct opinions , the one that of standing still and resisting all chango , and the other that of going on wiih
measures of improvement and conciliation—( cheers ) — if , representing these two opinions , you make it yuur care to take no measures in support either of the one view er of the ether , depend npon it that the couutry will long lament that in the hands of such men ihe destinies of ao great and powerful a country have bteri placed . " j Sir R . Peel admitted the right of the Noble Lord to attack the Government on a question of supply , without a specific motion of condemnation . But if that Government were as culpable as the Noble Lord had represented it , he relight well have concluded with a mare practical censure . And if he had really thouybt the prospeots of the ( nation to be so gloomy as he hid painted them , he would hardly have indulged in the levity with which he begun his speech . Tbe Government has endeavoured to improve the administration
of the law , to extend the benefits of education , and to carry other measures ! of general benefit ; and why had they not succeeded jin these endeavours ? It was said tbat they were supported by a large majority ; but what could a majority t fleet against the opposition of a few , resolutely bent Jupon adjourning debates from night to night , and so preventing the progress of public business ? On three questions , fifteen nights bad been employed : on the Indian question , three nights ; and so on , upon minor matters . There had been seventeen nights of discuBBions and divisions upon tbe Arms'Bill . Parliament bad a strict right , no doubt , to occupy all this time in this way ; but after doing so , let them not taunt the Government with , not having empiuyed those nights in other ways . The Noble Lord bad twitted them with abandoning tbe education measure . They had long clung to the hope of accomplishing a system of combined education , and at first the House seemed
almost unanimous is its favour . But it soon appeared that there was Hot ; that generally favourable disposition towards it which wat indispeosible to its useful working . To have ] forced it on , without the cordial concurrence of tt } e Dissenters , would but have aggravated religious animosity . The Noble Lord had passed very lightly over ihe subject of foreign policy . He might , when he alluded to Scinde , have recollected in wnat situation other regions , not very i emote from it , had been left by the lute Administration . The time weuld probably arrive when the policy of the Government respecting Scinde would be fully stated to * the House ; but in the existing position ot that subject , the Government would not be justified in making largo communications . He much regretted the present state of our commercial intercourse with tbe United Statei ; but this coBiuierce | ba < i always been subject to great fluctuations . He should not think it prudent on this
occasion to express an opinion upon a commercial treaty with acy poorer , though ctrtainley the past experiments bad not been very encouraging . The late reductions of import dnty on American produce bad not been so net by corresponding reductions on the part of the United States as to justify any very sanguine bope in that particular quarter ; on the contrary , they had been followed by that high American tariff , whioh bad been toe main cause of the decrease of English exports . He had the satisfaction to think that in the last six months there bad been indications of improvement in some important branches of manufacturing industry , particularly cotton , linen , and woollen *; and this improvement appeared progressive , being greatest in the last month . Could it ,
then , be justly said that the measures of the Government respecting the Corn Law and the Tariff had been thus far unproductive of baneflt to the country ? The Noble Lord had talked of the Canada Corn Bill as if it had been some new , matter , originated in this year . ; but in truth it had been a mere performance of an engagement made with Canada in the year preceding . Then , as to finance ; the cause of the imputed deficiency was , that when the account was made up , a large proportion of the proceeds of the income-tax had not come in . There had not yet been time to ascertain the full results ef the Tariff ; but , as far as they were known , they were highly satisfactory . Even the reduction of timber duty , large as was the present sacrifice , would , he believed , be eventually beneficial . On the subject of the
Welsh lnsurreotioni he must sty tbat the causes of it were not chargeable upon the Government The Noble L&rd might recollect what had happened at Newport in his own time , and the cordial aid by which he was then enabled to strengthen the hands of Government with 5 , 000 additional troops . Tbe present . Ministers , however , bad omitted j no precaution ; and he hoped the same aid which tbey had given when in opposition would be returned [ to them by those who bad then held office . Now , as ta Ireland , the course of the Government had very lately been explained in full . They had declared their resolve to leave no means unemployed for preserving the union , but to reserve to themselves the choice at the same time when they nv . ght deem it necessary to apply to Parliament . Meanwhile , their forbearance had met , he believed , with very general approbation ; though the removal oE the
maeistratcs had not been equally well received . He briefly defended that removal , but declined to enter into the details of Irish questions . He admitted tti&bths Government bad failed to conciliate one patty , and bad lost the confidence [ of another ; but they had thought it their duty to govern impartially , and without reference to party feelings ; and he trusted that they w *> uld be rewarded by the I flaa ! tranquillity of Ireland . The House would not ] have forgotten the difficulties in which he and bis colleagues had found tbe country . In foreign affairs , is j finance , in commerce , the Government had made every effort , and their efforts were beginning to produce a good result He hoped they bad not forfeited the confidence of their friends ; and with that hope they would persevere in their endeavours to secure to thta country the proud position to which she was entitled . - ¦*
Lord Howick after adverting to the alarming condition of our great mining interests , and expressing his fears that the indications of improvemennt in the cotton and woollen | manufactures were of a fallacious nature , declared his deci'led opinion that it was not because nothlag had been done , that therefore nothing could be done . Aj laborious and unproductive session was drawing to a close ; and the Government , halting between two opinions , leaning neither to monopoly nor free trade , seemed incapable of dealing with the difficulties with Jwbich we were surrounded . He hoped that before another session they would make up their minds to a bolder and more decided course , of policy * ] Mr . Hume expatiated on the importance of a freetrade policy . Sir Bknjamia Hall . Mt . Milner Gibson , Mr .
VEBNON Smith . Mr . JE . B . Bochb . and Mr . Wii-LIAMS having severally addressed the House , Lord PaLSIERSTon , alluding to Sir Robert Pe . el ' s reference to bis opinion about the probable restoration of Ministers , in the event of their resigning , reminded the House that he had ! " recanted" that declaration , and had advised tbem not to try tne experiment Sir Kebt . Peel had , in fact , admitted that it was the strength of argument , and superiority in debate , which tbe Opposition evinced , by which ' public business had been impeded . A similar complaint had been made that evening in the House of Lords ; but it was a tyrannical objection , and reminded him of the complaint of the man who , being
eminently ridiculous himself , was annoyed because people laughed at j him . The measures of the Government were so badly prepared , that they gave occasion to protracted debate ; and besides , there had been numerous occasions during the session , in which there had either been *\ no House , " or the House was ad % jouraed at an early hour . The Government were incapable of framing I measures capable of satisfying the country ; as in tbe cases of the Factories and Ecclesiastical Courts Bills , which had been stopped , from opposition not -within but without tbe House . His Lordship , after seme additional remarks on various points of domestic ] policy , tuined to our foreign relations . Formerly tbe intentions of England were to
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bo learned at London , but now the inquirer would discover tbem by application at Paris or St . Petersburg . Their policy abroad was precisely that which they ought to adopt at home—that of concession ; and en the affxirs of Scinde , they carefully refused to give any information which would commit the Government to approval or disapproval of Lord Ellenborough'a policy . But Parliament should not be allowed to separate without a diBtinct explanation on this important subject . Turning to other parts of the world , to Turkey and to Spain , whose independence it was peculiarly our business to watch over , he expressed his regret at the revolution which had occurred , and which all the
world believed to have been brought about by money and instigations from France . Were they to sit by contented , and see a French prince sitting on the throne of Spain ? He did not doubt ; the good intentions of the government , but he doubted their capscity . The Conservative party still gave Ministers theii support , but had they their personal regard and confidence ? Parliament was about to separate for a long recess , in a precarious and dangerous state' of the country ; but if Government would resolve on a decided line of policy , they could at least calculate on receiving a disinterested support from the opposition .
Lord Stanley doubted whether even the discussion of tbat evening were a very useful employment of that time , about the waste of which so much had been Baid , The Noble Lord bad assumed for his own side a vast superiority in debate . If be meant in point of length , perhaps it was so ; but the frequent failures in making or keeping a house , chiefly on evenings not devoted ; to Government business , did look a little as if the House iu general failed to appreciate the oratorical powers of thai party . The Ecclesiastical Courts' Bill had indeed been postponed ; but the same thing had repeatedly happened to the last Goverment . As to the County Courts' Bill , there had never been even an opportunity of bringing it to a second reading . The fate of the Factory Bill he deeply lamented ; had it not been for
tbe feeling out of doors , ha believed that this bill would have been temperately discussed in the Legislature , and passed . Lord Palmerston had regretted the Whig deficiency ; but all that the Whigs ever did was to regret it They did nothing to repair it , whereas this Government bad boldly , and at all risk of unpopularity , imposed an income-tax , the produce of which was only half collected at tbe peint of time at which thedefieiency wus atledged by Lord Palmerston to exist , the uncollected hah ! being more than sufficient to cover that deficiency . He controverted Lord Palmerston ' a statements respecting the Affgban and Chinese wars , showing the insufficiency of the arrangements and provisions made by tbe Whig Ministry . It had been objected tbat tho free trade principle had not been followed out in fuIL No ; and any Government which should attempt any such thing in the complicated state of our commercial affairs , would bring tbe country into inextricable dnficalties , but so far from making prohibition their wax cry , the
present Ministers had brought in the largest measure of relaxation ever passed . He explained , with reference to an allusion of Lord Palmerston , tne reason why tbe Scotch Church Bill had not been earlier introduced ; and excused himself from going into the question of Ireland and her church . No doubt it was true , that when the Whigs were in office , people asked , on every movement abroad , what England was going to do ; because no stir ever happened in any corner of tbe world , but Lord Palraerston must needs interfere in it ; more especially be was always haunted with a fear of French interference : France was absolutely his bets noire . Lord Stanley then maintained that all possible support had been given to tbe Spanish Regent , with whom he expressed his strong sympathy . And lastly , referring to Lord Palmerston's anticipation of political changes , he assured him that if it was founded , aa it seemed to be , on some notion of division in the Cabinet , the hope had nothing to sustain it .
Mr . Li boccherb corrected what he considered to be a gross mis-stateuwnfc of Lord Stanley , respecting the preparations of the late Government for concluding the war in China , and indignantly censured the Noble Lord for his recklessness in assertion . Though not indifferent to party considerations , he bad listened with comparative indifference to the mere patty portion of the debate ; the country was in a situation of extreme difficulty , and there prevailed a strong feeling of disappointment that the Government had sot followed up their own principles , by removing prohibitions from the important articles of corn and sugar . A storm was arising , both in England and Ireland , and it behoved them to be prepared . Lord Stanley said a few words in explanation , and offered to aid Mr . Labouchere if he would move for the " production of papers respecting the despatch of troops to China .
Mr . Muntz thought that the people of England valued these party debates as little as he did . In his characteristic way he called upon the Government to provide for the present alarming condition of the country , promising them general suppart if they did . Lord Clements and Mr . Morris wound up tha debits ; and then the Committee of Supply was postponed till Monday . The other business was then disposed of .
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Death from Exposurs to Wet and Cold on Dartmoor . —Lately , a poor boy , 11 years of age , who was employed by a farmer , near Prince ' s Town , to look after some cattle , lost his way , and was not found for three days , when be was found dead . Serious Accident . —Oa Thursday morning , as Samuel Bisdee , a farmer , was treating for the purchase of a cow and calf , belonging to a farmer of Gloucestershire , named Parfitt , in the Cattle-market , Bristol , the cow suddenly turned on him , and goring him in the abdomen , inflicted severe injuries . Tiie wounded man was immediately removed to the Hope and Anchor Inn , Redcliff-hill , where medical assistance was promptly procured , and we are happy to state that he is proceeding favourable . The cow is said to h We been a quiet animal , but whilst passing through . Temple street , on her way to the market , her calf was attacked by a ferocious dog , and from that time she was much enraged .
The Liege Journals give an account of a duel which took place afew days back in that town , and the result of which has caused great : sensation , in consequence of the severity of the laws in Belgium against duelling . An officer named Kant , in garrison there , was coming out of his quarters with a comrade , when a M . Dutilleux met him , and inquired "why he looked at him so insolently ! '' M . Kant replied , that " so far from lookiug at him insolently , he had not even observed him . " The other , raising his voice , and seeming determined to insult him , more words ensued , which ended in a challenge . M . Ka > nt , as the insulted party , having claimed the choice of weapons , the sword was decided on . They met near the town , and after a few passes , M , Kant having stretched out his arm , and his adversary , in rushing in , came right on it , and was transfixed through ihe right lung . He died on the 9 th inst . A criminal prosecution has been instituted against M . Kant .
Dreadful Precaution , and awfdl consequences . —During the late thunder storm which passed over Inkberrow , Worcestershire * a poor woman , named Frances Hopkins , who was greatly terrified at thunder and lightening , went with three of her children to the house of her mother , who- resided near , for company , being afraid to stay at home . She sat down in the chimney corner , in a state of great alarm , and buried her head in . her hands and Jap , and sat trembling and rocking heraelf backwards and forwards . While in this position the lightning struck the chimney , and the poor creature , who had run to this spot for shelter and protection from the fear which haunted her at home , was instantly killed . There was a scorched line down the spine , about a foot long , and another on the right side of the spine about the same length , which were no doubt the effect of lightning , and the cause of death .
Choice ; op Death . —A Court buffoon having offended his Sovereign , the Monarch ordered him to be brought before him , and with astern countenance reproaching him , " Wretch I you shall receive tha punishment you merit { prepare yourself for death . " The culprit in great terror toll upon his knees , and died for mercy . ; " I will extend no other mercy to you , " sa , id the Prince , " except permitting you to choose what kind of death you will die . Decide immediately , for I will be obeyed ;"— " I adore your clemency , " said the crafty jester , ' * / choose to die of old age !"
Statistics of Lucifer Matches , —One of the witnesses before the Children ' s Employment Commission stated , that he is a maker of the boxes for containing lucifer matches , and is in the habi . t of paying the large sum of one thousand pounds a-year for American pine wood for their manufacture . According to his belief , from twelve to fifteen thousand gross of such boxes as he manufactures were made every week in London , during the year 1841 . Bach box contains fifty matohes . Upon these data the sub-commissioner calculates that the weekly consumption of luoifer matches amounts to 97 , 200 , 000 or 5 , 055 , 000 , 000 yearly . '
Lowell . —They make nearly a million and a quarter yards of cotton cloth at Lowell per week ; emple * about 9000 operatives ( 6375 females ) , and use 434 , 006 lbs . of raw cotten per' week . The annual amount of raw eotton used is 22 , 568 . 000 lbs ., enough to load 60 snips of 350 tons each , and of cotton manufactured 70 , 275 , 910 yards ; loo lbs . of cotton will produce 89 yards of cloth —New York Express . Rebecca is sore to be " poi dowh . " Seb the steps adopted . —The Carmarthen magistrates have adopted a resolution authorising the appointment of one chief constable at . £ 300 a year ;~ wit&an allowance of £ 150 a year for two horses and a residence ; of six mounted superintendants at £ 154 » year , including their horses ; of 10 sergeants at 22 a . a week ; 20 firstclass policemen at 20 a . a week ; and 20 more at 183 . » week .
A few days ago , as some workmen were employed in cutting up a log of cedar , at the High Mill , in Thornthwaite , they discovered , nearly in the heart of the log , two pieces of beautiful china . There were several inches of solid wood on all sides of the china , and no defect whatever to be eeen in the log in which the two pieces were ao closely embedded . The only waf to account for this very singular phenomenon is to suppose that the china bad been grown up in the tree from a very early fate . —Cumberland Packet ,
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Untitled Article
j c THE NORTHERN " . STAR . j ' H - ¦ - - ~ - - ^ .- . , — . : ; - , - ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦• ' - ~ ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 5, 1843, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct662/page/6/
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