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is ifgB PR ODUCERS OF WEALTH, AND ALL THOSE WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY ON THE LAND-
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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YERBATIM REPORT OF THE CHARTIST TRIALS AT LANCASTER . THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , No . 4 , OF * 'A VERBATIM REPORT OF THE RECENT TRIALS OP FEAEGUS O'CONNOR AND 58 OTHERS , AT LANCASTER , FOR RIOT , SEDITION , TUMULT , AND CONSPIRACY . HHHE above Work will be Published in Weekly Numbers of 64 Pa « es of Royal Octavo , Edited by X FEARGUS O'CONNOR , Esq ., Barrister-at-Law , and to which will be added A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE CAUSES OF THE DISTURBANCES OF | r AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER LAST , With Notes upon the Trial ; also a Dedication to Baron ROLFE . A SPLENDID PORTRAIT OF THE JUST JUDGE WHO PRESIDED , WILL BE PRESENTED WITH THE LAST NUMBER ( GRATIS ) To tho 3 e who bave been Subscribers to the Work . The Portrait will bo Executed with » vie yy to its being placed as a Fron'is piece , and when completed , which will be in about fonr Numbers ; the whole will make a valuable work . Price 7 d . a Number , iu a wrapper . The Portrait gratis . . Subscribers and Agents are requested to # ive their Orders to Cleave , 1 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , 'London ; Heywood , 60 , Oldham Street , Manchester ; and Hobson , Northern 'Star Office , Market Street , Leeds .
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tlt j * Biea > 3 J" - ~^ liiere nothing that happens , \\ jh erer so wonderful or unusual , Triiich is mma-*~ T ffrg moment an event takes place it is natural , ^ ofiaog k * more oa * ° ^ ^ common eoarse of ZfL « , tfcan that a man with money should have m-^ S power oTer the life , the liberty , and comforts Tjyge portion of Ms fellowmen ; jet bo it is in 5 L our country , in those our days of emlizition cannot with take the life of his
A jaaslei " impnnity ^ jjjjBjiiistrae ; neither can he , -mtkont some ^ raed cause , consign him to & prison ; hut he can * Viboa shalt not labour for me , nor yet for any of 3 order ? and yon shall die of want , or go to gaol fpr thJering-Xo ^ throHg hout the whole of the manufacturing ¦ ganicts of England , sad reality has taught this lesw ^ jose "who BTe by laboxu , and who are liable he iSscharged upon a moment ' s notice , and against -Ices father employment the fiat of the destroyer -oasfonh -ffhii ^ & * force of sn ^^ 01 05011 ^ d are satisfied with
if -you loTe J TT P *** ' condition , throw down my letter - with dis-Ljt out if yon a " " ^ eary of yonr fate , and are I g $ j ^ earons of a better , read on , and say whether jjje measBTS * I propose for yonx release from bondage snd = ierTile dependency , are wise , and good , and feasble . R emember , aboTe all else , ihat I am in nowise ^ , partici pator in anj benefit which may ariSB froB tbe success of my plan ; it Is no more than an jTDeiimHit . I scs well-made mechanics either -xttpngihe streets , or parading them in jfronps , as ? efcnlfcing into shades from shame of
^ eT » - or porerty , * « J ^ 5 a Pest-honse—a BaslUe , for saceoTsi!— I see the best employed paralized by the -fejarionsc ess of their tenure . To-day at work , to-TOtjjTowimiired and pauperised , without any faaltof ftsro -wn . I see the poor street-sweeper looking with ggBaT&tthe mewly-inTented street-sweeper and en-¦ friBK tie horse that has deposed him . I look to fcriher improvements , and in each and all I xecoguhaalash anifed to the whip by which the labourer js punishes . at
BelieTe it , ih ^ j ^ ' ^ heart sickens snch s ^ iics sn ^ ztf nBderstandiiig ^^ s me , that I am btrand , and ererj man is called upon to risk life and personal comforts , and submit to odium , and taunt , lad persecution , to destroy the growing monster . The general distress of the worMng classes is adjjvuted upon all hands , while each has hi 3 peculiar Eostrcm f « -4 bE ! T relief . Mise is the Lasb . 1 am nrsre that fb ialk about pig-s and potatoes , and e&bbsES , to men pamrnf 7 s . or 83 . or Ite . a-day , -would be arcdeuess , while they could buy them out of the proceeds of their labour , and what more had they to do witi them J Bnt now the time has arrived when to tare -item yon must grow them by your labour hi jocrseb-e ? . Hsmember that a potato is milk 5
butter , cheese , pork , beef , mutton , eggs , lamb , poulirr , wool , and fine cloth ; because from the rude pot » to , each and erery one of those things can be produced in a angle season . Therefore , while yon mmM attach all importance to money , which you eumot get to purchase them , do not despise eren the poaio , -trhich yon can grow , and by which you yrsscTTe thed-. AhraTS bear in mind that the great complaint of
tcet misters is , that ihe artificial labour market is era-stocked , and that politicians look to your exjarcajjottas a remedy . Tills famishes me with an inesisftble argnmen- ; in faTour of my plan , because titfj both join in recommending the application of EeeHsIi labonr to the land of foreign countries . Tfiy not thpn apply it to the lasd at home 1 Here especially vrhen all the expence of transportacon woald be thereby saved , and which , if applied to home coltmimion , would bB more than ample , irMe ihe aniicipated benefit from an increased coniBsiptioD of msnofactured . articles wonld be rarely exceeded . 1 will lellyou the reason—Because free khour ^ irovld very speeduy look for its just thare in the cvcETTimcnl of ihe ccunlrv .
In some pre-rionsleUeron tbesuDjett of spade cnlti-TatioD I placed before yon a table ^ howing the profits from one maa ^ s labonr upon ten acres of ground . L nay be you have forgotten it , nor shall I tire you ffhh repetition jnst here . I feel tiiat many ¦ Rio never sair a green field may say , " What do I tocw aboni farming V To those I would Fay , "TFhst did you know sbent spinning , or shoe-Eakinj ? , or cabinet making , or coat making , until yon hzd paid a premium , and spent seven years in laming the art , while the art of farming ean be
laaifcS from yonr neighbour , and may be practised 1 st jonirelf without premium , or a seven years ' , SernmdsT' j Bsi I go further ; I say that I don't reqnire any ' E 3 B 'Bio is igEorant of the blessings of a home , and free air , to leave the cellar and the fog—I merely ¦ khss io open lie wide door for all who desire to ' aba ; and , iy taking off the surplus , to remove 2 s OTersxock from the cellar to a good home , when is libonr shall have been rendered more Taln&ble i ij Isss compeutiDn . Kow , ihat is my desire . ) ; j
5 Wr acres being the amount which I propose 1 » sgEnsg to eaeh' ^ benrer , 1 shall now proceed to ; ^ ow its capabilities ; not in the most beneficial j WJ , bat from practice and experiment . Hereafter j IsfcaS exhibit its real value when cultivated to the ; patei advantage . j Hr . ijnton , of Selby , in Yorkshire , a large iron ivssAo , and a person most anxious in his desire to b = ik ? ihe cGBGition of the working classes , has s ^ fie a practical etperiment , of which the following- ¦ ^ J i « takea as an outline . Be rents three roods > & taret qazrurs of an acre of ground , for which he j ¦ ¦ i I :
P » J ? £ 4 , or at lie rate of £ 5 6 s . Sd . per acre . He i" kep ; a con-ect acconnt of the profits , which I * im ! d xiank iim to submit to you through the eolcams of ike Sier , ^ iale I give jnst enough tins ^^ to ihe" » the value of labour when applied to - * & WlfEn Mr . iinton commenced his operations , ae Bo 2 had not more than two inrhes of surface ; « pud lie enornions rent in consrqaenee of ^ Tabe frcm iu beiDg what is calltd town land , f WBvaiiuit for a householder . Its value as land * 3 a comitry would not be more than fifteen 355 E 23 ajj icr ^ if 50 mne }^ By ^ e apPi 2 cation ef Sum , he bzs ^ iven this heretofore barren soil 1 1 ? rfaee of eighteen inches . And now for the re-Sfc iX Ms exptrjnent . Upon this three-quarters
« , tcre he , kit year , ftd two cows and eighi fe , ba ides a qnantity of poultry , and had vege-^^ for . ^ 8 table . We will snppose the eight pigs I fe 5 EjEe . ' niBeh as two cows , in order that we 5 ? ecme to . ^ omethiiig like a calculation of value ¦ " ^ atii 3 fce . ^ as not calr ivated anything ceir the ?^ of the ihi ^ e-qnarters of an acre , asd he gives ^ labourer ibret shilliEgs a-dav for every day ' s ^** Tneie h xo great art in growing cabbages , " r ^ PSj aad potateea , nttr is it ere id neb in throwing ^ to » KTB- . oriii mi ^ M h ^ selling her milk , * cnesiajj or uj ^; ^ heese . Leaving out every-^^ ^^ jbut the four t " 0 w 3 j see what the profit ?^> * e ntiiabfcT of davs' » work required for all
• iffiioa ' s operations u ? to t ^ present time . * ° opera : iT £ am now sell his labonr for los . a j ^ 7 " considers himself a happy man ; and let us ^^ scale what it would U ^ orih . We 3 ^* ° * ^ Ppoje thai 3 Jr . Iinton ' s baa ground posj ^^ J cLarin beyond that which la bour can ' thT 0111 ** 16 1 2 Ed ^ e following 15 the result upon ; WcT !" a an acre - He feeds » oi cooi ' d feed i jg ^ , Ws * Soppo ^ e eaefc gj ^ ^ gj Te % ix qUi rts of' tets ** * ^^^ * tlle ^^ Hummer months , at t ? n >~ \ $ * £ & 9 Eirt ' fiach cow prodnces £ 18 -isJs worth ; *»* J " ^ *? nnder > take & **¦ from t ! ie p 10 - v % ® lot as ^ leSVes pTofii Bpon * foux t 0 W 3 - ) ^ 5 sB * ^^ Uboiir ' * Ild 153 - Teai ' > for M *! Si fte 1 " " * " * more tban £ 1 fl » a * " , or 35 s . for j ^ art « 3 of an acre , Now . four acres !
t $ > Sag J ? E « & « ^* y , would leaTe , after de-j * Piodm *; ^ ° 4 Jie * bore moderate rate ] JEjtt o- ~ 7 °° Price , the sum of £ 500 perj S ^ m * wiici £ 4 rent should he paid . % - S ^ m&J EBy * ° > TC " « al 1 nutt-^ * r \ we sOl find a market for milk , ; W tL 1 * " 7 » bDt J i « w selected Ett 3 a ? ls ^ 5 f proStable of * & Produce , as an ! > sn& . tj , i Jabour , whan applied to land , is *« laud may ^ j ^ g ^ produce oiher
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things equally valuable , and all that can be required for the comfort of man . My immediate intention in making the experiment just now , ib for the purpose of meeting , combatting , and defeating the unholy project of transporting the ** surplus poer" to foreign regions , in order that they may become consumers of English mechanical productions abroad . If the project of Mr . Charles Buller and the
Malthu-Bians shall once receive the countenance of Government , and backed , as it would assuredly be , by capitalists and owners of machinery , then would commence a new and vigourous reign of terror ; then would the Poor Law system be presented in its true colours ; then would the prison become a place of refuge for the destitute ; and then would all and every means be used for the purpose of inducing , provoking , compelling , and forcing the industrious classes to transport themselves . It is with a view of
meaning those new crusades that I have undertaken to present to your minds , your own land in the shape , the form , and loveliness your own industry could confer upon it . it is in order to induce you to shake off the bugs , instead of abandoning the bed to them , that 1 thus lay myself open at once to the assaults of the landed proprietary of the conn try , and to employers who would still keep you in bondage , that they may buy yonr labour in the cheapest market and sell its produce in the dearest . In thua propounding the scheme for your consideration , however , yoa are not for one moment to
suppose that in my most sanguine moments I anticipate from it more than the means of making your teeth water fox your Charier . No , for if to-morrow , by chance , or otherwise , you achieved the possession of 4 000 , 000 acres of land whereon to locate 1 , 600 , 000 heads of families , or 5 , 000 , 000 persons at five to a family , without the power of the Charter to preserve it , tyranny would watch the first fitting opportunity to dispossess you . To Ehow you that I am not extravagant in my notions , I may here explain the extent to which I hope to succeed . I hope by a great exertion to see you possessed of say 28 , 000 acres of land , or feur acres each for 5 . 0 C 0 heads of families , making
in the aggregate 25 , 000 dispersed over the face of the country , say in forty divisions , large and small , according to the size of the counties , and when the Great National Charter Association is re-organised , ( as 1 hope very shortly to see ) I hope to be able to say to the tamely starving operatives of Manchester , Oldham , Leeds , or Hadderefield , go an'd see the free labour market , and ask what they can get for their labour in it , and then ask how you are to do likewise , and the answer will be , the Chabteb ; and then , bnt not tiil then , will there be a cordial , a united , a powerful , an irresistible H STKrG « LE - > for the achievement of the " People's Chakiek . "
As long as land bears tbe franchise , so long Will its owner keep it out of the retail market ; once stop it of that property and thenths plan , which I never hope to see more than experimental , will become general ; then that *? bicb should else be done by societies , and which , after all , can be but sectional , ¦ will become national from very necessity . Crammed as the public mind has been to surfeiting , with the fallacies of free trade and the anticipations from transportation , we , as a grand
national movement party , must now b » prepared with our means of relief , and our arguments in their favour . Unless we ean show the good and industrious vrby they should remain at home , they will be driven to savage climes , to contend against the Eame savage system nndei which they have been destroyed ; but if we can convince them that system is ihe £ ug , and that to make home what home oujjbt to be , is in their power , then will all M unite " " campxre" and " combine" to destroy or to muzale the vermin .
The body , the only body by which the agitation for such a purpose can be , or ought to be carried out , is the Chartist body under the name and designation ef the National Chartist Association ; and for that reason and for that purpose , I am more than ever anxious that each locality should be now thinking of the best means of giving effect to my plan , or such other plan as shall be submitted to the body when digested in Conference , so that on the whole it may be recommended , not as the plan of Feargus O'Connor , but as the plan founded npon the best suggestions of all , who may be selected for this undertaking . It is to the producers of wealth alone
! that we must look for the means of making the experiment , and the experiment as the means of wedding tbe public mind more dearly to tbe Charter , as a farther means oi making it national . No ' w , to show that I am not extravagant in my notions , and to prove that the plan is easy of accomplishmerit , let us see how far it can be carried ont . Snppose 20 , 000 acres of land at £ 1 per acre , that would be £ 20 , 000 a year rent , on lease , say of , ninety-nine j * ar 3 . We could , on payment of ' £ lC 0 , Ou 0 fine down the rent to £ 15 , 000 or los . per acre- ; 100 , 000 subscribers at 6 d . per week would , in one year , pay over £ 12 o , 000 , leaving , after
paymeat of £ ] O 0 , OO 0 , a surplus of more than £ 25 , 000 , . and npon payment of £ 100 , 000 fine , £ 100 , 000 more may be raised ; thus , at once , there wouid be a j capital of £ 125 , 000 to set the thing in operation . I ladeed a very few benefit or trade societies could at ence start it and insure five per cent , for their capital , while the other funds might be appropriated to starting the colonists so as to gi ? e immediate effect ' te their undertaking . Bat of this , more in my next , i in which I hope to be ab . 'e to lay before you th » * wbeie machinery for working a district comprising 1000 acres ocenpied by 250 labourers and their families , and what applies to one district will , of course , apply to all .
I have received a numbeT of lettera upon the subject « J 1 highly approving of the project , and from which I select the following for publication : — " DejlbSir , —The joy , the pleasure , and the delight that 1 have felt this evening by reading in the Northern Star the mtuis you propose for the deliverance not only of the -white slaves in this , but of all the countries in the -world , if £ uch that I cannot get words to express -wfcat J feel May God Almighty spare your life ai : d mite yon the happy instrument of being the liberator and savio « r of the human race , which I btlieve the plan you mean to propose , if followed up , will assuredly effect . •* Ud 151 this evening , I had no hope that the pro-:
dnetive cks&es Tfonld tver get their freedom , politically j or morally , but by violence . " I will take in hand , 01 do the best I can to get 500 Bubscribervof sixpence and up-wards per week , for the purpose of mzfeiug the "working classes proprietors of tile land . " Wishing you every success , " I am , dear Sir , , " Yours sincerely , " JOHN HESRT . j " 7 , Cherry Garden-Etreet , Bermondsey , [ 15 th April , 1843 " F . O'Connor , Esq ., Hammersmith , " Now , if a few others were to look as cheeringly upon the project as the writer of the above , the work j would be speedily completed . j
There is c-njy one concluding observation which I deem necessary 4 o make here ; it is this : —In the conside . ration * > f the subject let it be borne in mind , \ hai Land i 3 the ovij raw material to which individu . al labour can be" Buw ^ ssfully applied . That the singJe husbandman W ^ iodB in no danger from competition , eombinaiwni o * centralization . That come ¦ what will , be Mb produc t cheap or dear , he cannot starve , nor will he depend < ° * existence , comfort , or labour on the whim or the c aprice of another . 1 am , yonr i "\ ithful Friend , Fe ^ vbcus O'Coshob .
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VyPKR Wabley . —Mr . Bntterley , o * Halifax , will deliver a lecture at this place , on Sunday , ( to-morrow ) , at two o ' clock in the afternoon . jH * - Butterley , will ako deliver a lecture in Swan Coppice * »* Eix o ' clock in the evening .
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M ANCHESTEIi . A public meeting of the inhabitants of this Baroagh was hBia in the Carpenter's Hall , on Friday last , to take into consideration the conduct of Mr . Baron Gur < ney , one of Her Majesty ' s Judges , dnring the trial of Wm Jones , at Leicester Assizes , for sedition . The meeting was called for one o ' clock in the afternoon . On the motion of Mr . D Donavan , Mr . John NutUIl was unanimously called to the chair . The Chaieman opened the business by reading tbe placard calling the meeting , after which he made a few appropriate remarks upon the circumstances which had called them together to perform a great public duty , and concluded by calling upon Mr . Wm . Dixon , to move the first resolution .
Mr . Dixon , on coming forward , » as loudly cheered . He said , Mr . Chairman and Fellow-Townsmen , —You are called upon thia day to perform a duty which you owe to yourselves and the public He would much r&ther that the resolution , ¦ which be had been called upon to move had been entrusted to the care of some ptr 3 on more capable of doing justice to it tban himself . It was a resolution in which he fully concurred , and in order that the ; might judge of its merits 01 demerits , he -would read it before he made any comment
Resolved , " That we the people of Manchester , in public meeting assembled , do tender oar best thanks to Feareus O Connor Esq , James Leach , Christopher Doyle , and the other brave patrlota who ao nobly defended themselves Rod the caose of Chartism , daring ins recent trials » t Lancaster , and -we hereby express our unabated confidence in them all , and our determination to co-operate with them in obtaining a redress of the many grievances under which we ate suffering , and securing a full measure of justice through , the enactment of the People ' s Charter as the law of onr country . "
He ( Mr . Dixon ) was confident that the resolution would meet with a hearty response from every lover of freedom . No man could be ignorant of the fact that tbe cause ef universal liberty bad received an impetus unknown in the history of Chartism , by the conduct and general deportment of the defendants at Lancaster . He ( Mr . Dixon ) had had the honour of witnessing their conduct in Lancaster , and also the mighty change that toot place in the public mind in Lancaster , concerning the Charter and the ChartiBts . Mr . D . then related several anecdotes relative to tbe various conversations which he had heard upon their first going to Lancaster , as to what the Chartists ought to be dono with , and also the mighty change -which took place in their opinion befote the close of trials .
Tbe resolution was seconded by Mr . Mabsden , during whose speech , the Rev . IVm . Hill entered the hall , when the entire audience resa simultaneously , turned round in their seats , and continued cheering , -waving of handkerchiefs , and manifesting ever ; possible symptom < f delight until the Rev . Gantleraan bad made his way to tbe platform , aid for several minutes afterwards . The speaker briefly concluded by seconding tbe resolution , which , on being put from the chair , -was carried by acclamation , and repeated Touads of appl&UBe The Chairman then introduced the Rev . W . T . Jackson to move the next resolution .
Mr . Jackso . n on rising , was greeted with rapturous applause . After the cheering had subsided , the Rev . Gentleman spoke to the following effect The resolution which be held in his hand - was one with which he agreed with his whole heart and soul . He ( Mr . Jackson ) considered that the conduct of Baron Gurney was not only highly improper , but unconstitutional in the extreme , during the trial of Mr . W . Jones at Leicester , an <* deserved tbe censure of every , honest man . Of what was Wm . Jnnes charged ? Why , sedition!—tbe nature of which was the calling of the police unboiled , or raw ltbsters . Perhaps he { Mr . Jackson ) had better beware -what he said about the police , for when be was tried it was for endeavouring to bring the police force into disrepute . He did not call them on this occasion the unboiled . But , nevertheless , he believed them to be just what Wm . Jones had called them . He considered that Baron Qarney had acted unfairly to Mr .
Jones , by his frequent interruptions both during the crou-examination of the witnesses , and alBo when making his defence . Mr . Jones was sent six months to the felons' cell for speaking disrespectfully of tbe police , -whilst both Whigs and Tories were allowed to make use of language a thousand times stronger , nut only against the police when it suited their purpose , bnt also against the bishops , magistrates , her M&jety ' s ministers , and against the Queen herself , and no notice was taken of them . The praying , canting Bailey might suggest the propriety of casting lota who should shoot Sir R . Peel , and go soot free , whilst poor Jones , because he called the police by their proper name , must be treated in an unlawful manner bj tbe Jadge who tried him ; and , after suffering every indignity and insult at the bands of the modern J « ifriea , must suffer six months imprisonment into the bargain . The Rev . Gentleman concluded by reading the
resolution" Tbat this meeting declares its entire and unqualified abhorrence of tbe conduct of Baron Gurcuy , upon the trial of William Joues at Leicester , beli&ving it to be unconstitutional ; and thai a memorial be presented to her Majesty , signed by the Chairman , embodying the opinions of this meeting upon the above subject . " Mr- C . DoTiE rose , for the purpose of seconding tbe resolution , and was received with cheers . Mr . D . iyle commenced by saying —>? r . Chairman , and , he might say , Brother Chartists , be felt great pleasure in seconding the resolution which bad been so ably moved by the Rev . Gentleman who had jnat sat down . They all knew that be ( Mr . Doyle ) was s particular friend of those scamps that dare not show their faces in day light , dressed in their own garb . He had tbe most
profound respect for them I Jn fact , his ( Mr Doyle's ) respect for them was so great , tbat if be had the power , be would make them all honest men , by making them ¦ work for their living , instead of being , as they were at present , a burthen upon tbe public ; and if this was not respect for them , he did not know what "was . It was always an act of kindness to make a rogue into an honest man . William Jones was an honest and indDstrious Chartist , and an intelligent one , too—one that was endeavouring to make mankind better in their social , and political , and domestic condition ; and , not like the scamps and -vagabonds of policemen , "who appeared against him on his trial , who live but to produce misery a / id wretchedness amongst s starving and oppressed people . He ( Mr . Daylei
bad told the judge and the jury at Lancaster that he did not hold a very good opinion of those gentlemen in blue ; that he believed them to be unprincipled vagabonds , tort -wou \ d B&y 01 swat anything . In f&ct they were ready , at all times , to take oatha by the hundred , and would swear tbat black was white , and that blue was no colour . Why , the fact was just this , that Little-Finality Jack , backed by the Tories , found that there were a great many thieves in the country , nnd fearing that they would be falling f « ul of their property , thought it best to make a provision tor them by gathering them together all over the country , and instead of calling them by their proper names , they gave them thu cognomen of—What ? Why , the Rural Police Force . Bat notwithstandinghiB tMr . Doylt ' sj abhorrence of the
unboiled , as Mr , Jones called them—but he wonld nut for the world call them such ugly names—bis disgust at tbe conduct of Mr , Baron GNraey was two-fold more strong , for this reason , his standing in society led us to expeet from him a different line of conduct tban that manifested on the trial of Jones . His ( Mr . Doyle ' s ) opinion of his conduct was this , that be had disgraced tbe sacred ofBee that be had been appointed to fill with justice and eqnity , and ought , therefore , never again be allowed to contaminate the judicial bench with his polluted person . And if the coantry did their duty tbty wonld send him after hi * twin biotbei , Judge Abinger , for in his ( Mr . Doyle ' si opinion they w « re as near twins in iniquity as possible . He was sure that if there was any thine wanting before , to
convince the people tbat they would never have justice done to tbem until they had the power of appointing all pnblic tfficers , and holding them responsible to the people for the manner in which they did their duty , the conduct of Judge Abinger at Chester and Liverpool , and now that of Gcrney at Leicester , was sufficient to convince them of the necessity of uniting to obtain a full measure of justice for the -whole people . When they could see every day that one party could say what they pleased , aye , and rob when they thought proper , and no notice was taken of it : but if a Chartist even said anything that ( fiended a poltioon of a policeman whom he was compelled to niwfiftfcain , he muse have all the powers of a corrupt Government hounded upon him , and a part'Bin Judge to annoy , and in an unjustifiable manner to interrupt him in defending himself , because chance had not given him the means of
employing counsel . He ( Mi . Doyle ) agreed with every word of tbe resolution ; its language was just what it ought to be ; it was right the people should express their unqualified disgust at the conduct of any Judge that could so far forget his duty as to oppress a man like 'Wm . Jones , becase be was a poor man . If ( said Mr . Doyle ) it had been Mr . Gisborne , or Finality Jack that h * d been on their trial , bow different-would bav « been the conduct of Baron Gurney Wonld be have interrupted them ? No his language would have been , — " Oh yea , yea can set up what line of defence 70 a think proper ; yon have a perfect right ; chose your own line of defending lyour own case . " Mr . Doyle concluded by a few more very puhy remarks , in which the Com Law Repealers came in for their foil share of the benefit , and sat down by secondiiis the motion .
The Chairmah then put the resolution to the meeting , and it was carried without a dissentient . Mr . DIXON rose for the purpose of moving a memorial to her Majesty j and in doipg so , ha would ( not occupy
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any great length of their time , as there was a gentleman or two who had yet to address them . He would content himself wit ! b reading tbe memorial : — To Her Most Gracious Majesty , Victoria , Queen of Great Britain and Ireland . The Memorial of the Inhabitants of the Borough of Manchester , in public meeting assembled , on Friday tke 14 tb Of April , 1843 , Humbly Shewbth , —That William Jonea , cordwainer , was arrested on a charge of using seditious language , at Leicester , on the 29 th of August , 1842 . aud , after an examination before the Magistrates of Leicester , was held to bail , to appear and take his trial at the enBUing ass z ^ s held at Leicester .
That on Friday , March 24 th , 1843 . the aforesaid William Jones did so appear , and was arraigned before Mr . Baron Gurney , one of your Majesty ' s Judges , and pleaded not guilty , and , was consequently put upon his trial . That the eaid William Jones , being undefended by Counoil , was necessitated to conduct his own defence . That during the ct oss-exatninationa by » the said Wm . Joues , of the witnesses brought forward to substantiate the charge against him , he was repeatedly and Bhamefally interrupted by Mr . Baron Gurney , with a
view , ss your Memorialists firmly believe , of preventing the said William Junes from eliciting facts connected with the case , that wonld h ; ive a tendency to remove any pre-coneeived prejudice existing in the minds of the jury against tke said William Jones And your Memorialists further believe , that by these unjustifiable interruptions on the part of Baron Gurney , tb » said Wm . Jones was materially injured , by being prevented from shewing to tbe satisfaction of the jury that those portions of the speech for which be was arraigned at the bar , were garbled and mutilated so as to serve the purpose ef the Council for the prosecution .
That during the time the said Wm Jones was addressing the Jury in his defence he was frequently interrupted by Mr . Baton Gurney in an insulting , savage , nnd dictatorial tone , which was anything but creditable to the Learned Baron , and totally at variance With tbe true administration of justice and the spirit of thu British Constitution . That your memorialists are of opinion that such unjust conduct as that evinced by Mr . Baron Gurney is pre-eminently calculated to bring tbe judicial functions and the proceedings of what ought to be courts of justice and equity into disrepute , and ultimately into contempt
That your memorialists are convinced that the said Wm . Jones has not bad a fair and impartial trial , owing to his not being allowed to cross-examinetfhe witnesses against him or follow that line of derence , he thought best calculated to disprove the crime of which ho stood charged , and upon these grounds your memorialists believe that the verdict of Guilty returned against him by the Jury and tbe consigning him to prison for aix months by the Judge , are both cruel and unjust .
Your memorialists , therefore , beseech your Majesty to exercise your royal prerogative , and give orders for the immediate liberation of the said William Jones , and also that your Mujesty would be graciously pleased to inflict such mark of your displeasure upon Mr . Baron Gurney , as will have a tendency to prevent him and others of your Majesty ' s Judges from making tbe Courts of Justice into mere perversions of that sacred name . And your nemorialists will , as in duty bound , ever pray , &c . Mr . DlXON said he quite agreed with the memorial which he bad read to them ; aud , therefore , begged leave to move it Mr . J . Lane seconded the memorial in a neat speech .
The Rev . Mr . HiLt wan then introduced to support the memorial , when the immense audience again continued cheering in like style wiih tbat which greateu him on bis first entrance , for some minutes . Mr . Hill spoke strongly in support of the memorial , denounced the conduct of Baron Garney ss un-English , unjust , tnd unconstitutional—as taking a mean advantage of tbe position he occupied for party purposes , instead of being , as he ought to be , the undefended prisoner ' s counsel .
Mr . Leach also spoke in support of the memorial , adducing several instances of petty local tyranny equally disgusting in character with the atrocity referred to by the memorial us evidence that the whole sjatem ot c ) a « s domination generated a oneness ot practice among all its minions , which left no hope to the people bnt from its utter extinction . Mr . Leach wa * rapturously applauded on his appearance , a : id at the conclusion of bis speech . On the memorial being put to the meeting , it was carried unanimously . Mr . D . Dona van , in an able and talented speech , moved the following
resolution" That the best thanks of this meeting be given to the Rev . Wm . Hill , 1 ditor of the Northern Star , for the obliging manner in which be complied with tbe invitation to visit Manchester , at great inconvenience to himself . And we hereby express our entire confidence in him as a talented and able advocate of those sacred principles wbicb , as Chartists , wo believe can alone secure the happiness and prosperity of all classes of the community . '' Mr . Lane britfly , but ably and cordially , seconded the motion , which on being put to the meeting , was carried with an enthusiasm which makes all effort at description vain .
Order being restored , Mr . Hill returned tbem his thanks for the compliment which the men of Manchester bad that day given him , and be hoped that be would ever Reserve their confluence , by steering a straightforward cturse of principle . Ho would give them tbe same advice concerning Himself that he always had given them of others—that the moment they found him squinting actosB the path of principle , that they -would send him to the right about . The Rev . Gentleman then addressed them for some time on their cPlt ' . ee as Chartists , and sat do « cn amid thundering ro 1 uids of applause . V O u the motion of Mr . D xon , thf thanks of the meeting * 'era given to the chairman , and the meeting sepaated i'o make preparations for the tea party that was to ake pk 'C * in the Hall in the evening .
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" See the conquering hero conies . " The tea being over , and the tables removed , Mr Dixon was called upon to preside . The Chairman then gave out a Chartist hymn , which was suug by the whole company , accompanied by the band , —at the conclusion of whicftj , The Chairman said , that they ! bad finished th ? ' first part of the business for which they had assembled in a manner which did them credit . He was very proud to see so great a number of persons congregated together conduct themselves in so orderly and respectable a manner . They had been engaged for the last hour in
supplying the body with those tilings without wh < ch it cuuld not exist . But it was equally important that they should supply the mind with tbat intellectual food without whicb it would be a sterile : ind barren waata . He hoped , therefore , that > they would attend to what each of the speakers ! had to say , who would address them tn the course of the evening . The drat t ^ ast for the evening was : — " The people , the only legitimate source of all power . May that power speedily he recognised by the abolition » f class-legislatioa , and the adoption of the People ' s Charter as a legislative enactment "
Air , — " Scota wha hae . " The sentimont was responded to by Mr . Doyle in an efficient and talented manner . The Chairman then tuid the next toast is one in which he felt confident that they , along with himself , would moat cordially agree . It was : — " Feargus O'Connor , Etq . ami T . S . Duncombe , Esq ., may their disinterested exertions in the cause of suffering humanity be duly appreciated by a grateful people . " Band—Air— " With Henry Hunt . " Mr . Rank in responded to tbe toast in a short and neat speech . The Chairman , with a few prefatory remarks , in troduced the vtxt sentiment , which was : —
" Frost , Williams , Jones , and Ellis ; may the people ' s t-tf > rts for their restoration be speedily crowned with success . " : ¦ Responded to by the whole andtence , singing : — ' God save the patriot Frost , " accompanied by the band , T ? bicn ¦ bad a most solemn an't imposing effect . The Chairman then gave— " Jamea Leach , Christopher D <> y ) e , and our othtr persecute ! friends , may the sympathy of the psopJe , for wlioni they are suffering , and the conscious * ' ss of tbe justice of those principles they have so feirlessly advocated , console them amidst their unmuritwi persecutions , and may tho efforts about to be made in their behalf be the means of restoring tbem unscathed to their fannies aud friends . "
Band—Air , 'Nature ' s GUy Day . " Mr D . Donavan responJe . l to the toaet in a speech rbplete with impassioned t'loqueiico . Tlie Chairman than rose ( or the purpose of giving tb « fifth and last toast f ^ r the ev .-niasj . — " Tho Northern Star , and its Editor , may the aacred princip l es promulgated by tbat luminary irradiate thu minds of tbe whole people , till , like a refulgent beacon towering above the sable clouds of despotism , it s' a'l remove the mists of ignorance from our political hotuispbere , and finally conduct the world to freedom . "
B % nd— Air " Bonnie Bre-. ist Knots . " At this part of the proc ediugs tbe Rev . W . V . Jackson , accompanied by bis good , lady entered the hall and waa hailed with every mark of friendship and esteem by tbe whole assembly . : . Tbe Chairman had grtwt pltftaure in introducing tbe Rev . Mr . Jackson to respond to the sentimont—( hear , hear , and cheers . / Th « K 3 V . Mr . Jackson said it was with no ordinary degree of pleasure , tbat he responded to the sentiment just read by tbe Chairman . He bad long ago formed his opinion of the Editor of the Star , ami also of the Star itself . In his . Mi ' . Jackson's opinion , it would
have been difficult , aay , be believed impossiWe to bave found a man so pre-enmiently calculated tofllj the office of conducting a really democratic newspaper . The Kov . Mr . Hill was not only a tu . tn < pf tsl « nt , but also vvasin possession ot a great amount t'of shrewdness anv forethought , that seldom if e ? er was found combined in one and the same individual . He had conducted ihe Star in a manner which diu him credit , and at the same time ably and hiirtessly exposed the tricks and intrigues of the factions to lead tha people astray by false p owises and pledges ^ ittade but to be broken aurt deceive their confiding dapea ? AuU ; it was to him we might attribute the present position < f ; he Chartist
movement . It is the Slar and tbe point of Mr . Hill's pen tbat is dispelling that gloom and ignorance that blackened and darkened our political hemisphere . It was with no ordinary filings of pleasure that he ( Mr . Jackson ) called their attention to what had been aceompliatuiCl by the Star sstuce it began to ahine in our political firmament , its rays had penetrated and established the principles << f democracy : in vvery part of this country , and be might say every part of the world ; and might the gracious truth which it promulgated be sounded from ev ^ ry hill top , and through every valley , atid . continue its on * vard course from river to river , from shore to shore , until liually its refulgent
rays should light the world to freedom —( loud and long continued cheers ) . It had req ; ui-ud no ordinary degree of watchfulness on the p . irt of ite Editor to keep it still shilling . They and he ( Mr . J iei > on ) [ wore not ignorant of the various means that hau been ompfoyed to destroy Mr . Hill , Mr . OCuunor , and the Star ; in fact they were not ignorant of the means ithat were in operation in this town at the present imomtnt for that purpose . But all their puny k-ffoiia wi > uW not prevail , so long as tbe Editor and Proprietor maintained that unpurchaseable adherence to principle ' , that Jr'id marked their conduct up to the present . Siuny papers h 3 d sprung up professing to advocate tbe people's rights
; md for some time continued to do so , but no longer than it was necessary \ : \ s they thought ) to get hold of public favour , and theu canto out their real objectthey began to fire from their masked batteries at the Star , its Editor , an-i Proprietor , and finally the mast nraa pulled off th « pretended friends , and then their papers sunk ; and whilst they were sinking , the Star was rising and ! shining brighter and brighter . There waa one otber remark which be ( Mr . Jackson ) had to mahe concerning Mr . Hill , and tbat was with respect to thu independent and
straightforward manner in whica he had . conducted the Northern star , not regarding the proprietor nor tbe people ; but speaking his mind ftiariessly and in a straightforward and macly manner . ! He might be called an O'Connorite ; but he was neither an O'Connorite , nor an Hillite , nor . ay other ite , but he was a Chartist , and he did not blush to oyrn it ; he was wedded to the principles of the Charter , and so long as the Star , with its Editor , and Mr . O Connor , stood by those principles be would atand by them , but not a moment longer . ( Loud cheers . ) >
Tbe Rev . Wm . Hill then eame forward amid tbe most vociferous cheers . He eaid . bis friends , he waa sure , would not expect him so far to outrage good taste as to inflict " a speech" upon them under present circumstBnses . Should he even be lll-adviaed enough to attempt it , it would be imposaible for him to flud words in wbicb to convey to th < sm his feelings . He would merely thank them for the kind reception the people of Manchester had given him , and hoped that hiB future conduct would be such as always to secure him the good opinion of his fellow-countrymen . So far as tbe Star was concerned ; all tbat be could say was , that so long as he bad anything to do with its management , it should vigorously and manfully advocate tbe principles of universal liberty . So much as it regarded himself . But la reference to the glorious truths whicb fhey were engaged JB piomulsating , here waa a subject
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that the tongu « of eloque ee la ' ght test upon for ever . These were principles which , as a Christian min-ater , he was bound to support ; and , not only bo , but be was wedded to them , and nothing could withdraw him from their advocacy . No pecuniary reward that it was possible to give him would induce him to write or speak for any other principles than those which were laid down by the founder t » f the Christian religion , who
said " One is your Master , even Christ , and all ye are brethren . " He believed in the universality of the Christian religion , and also in the catholicity of the principles of democracy and trnth . He stood before them as one connected with tbe truth , and he blushed not for that avowal . The Rev . Gentleman returned his thanks to the audience for the kind manner they had received him , and , in a most impressive manner , urged upon tbem the necessity of perseverance and energy in the great work of a nation ' s freedom , and sat down amid repeated rounds of applause .
The Rev , Mr . Htll then administered the solemn rite of baptism to the undermentioned infants , v z : — Peargua Thomas Ciegg , infant son of William and Mary Clegg . Mary Ann Frost Stainfleld , daughter of William Btainfleld . James Feargus Bennet , infant son of Thomas and Sarah Bennet , of Pendleton . After twelve o ' clock , the young people were allowed to commence dancing , whicb was kept up with great spirit , and the greatest harmony , until five o ' clock 00 Saturday morning .
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^ J ^ L ^ f ^ tjs ffiZ ^^ fehc ^ &J * ^ ^ CroO i / 4 fc / iJ& Z t . AK 7 / f 0 "G C 1 / S / 4 ^ -t Ssitx ^ t ^^ j ^
AND LEEDS GENERAL ADVEETISEE .
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TOJT ^ lT fl p . 384 . SATURDAY , APRIL ^ VM& . ~ '"" wiSSSg . ffffSS" or
Is Ifgb Pr Oducers Of Wealth, And All Those Who Live By Industry On The Land-
is ifgB PR ODUCERS OF WEALTH , AND ALL THOSE WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY ON THE LAND-
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QRA ^ D TEA PARTY AND OTHER ENTERTAINMENTS . A Cbartist *•» party was held in the Carpenters ' jail , Garrett H « ad . Manchester , on Friday evening . "> . e Chartists ot' Manchester , ever willing to provide ar the recreation &ad amusement of those patties who ttend their Hall , Jsoawing th » t Good Friday was a loliday , determined to / jive them a treat They , thereare , announced by p Ward that they would have a tea arty on tbat day . T . * & announcement was responded 0 by the public in f * * spirited manner which is Iways the case when . ^ committee call npon their allow townsmen for their' awfotance and snpport . Th » placards announoit' ? tbe meet 1 D 8 8 ta » a that 1
ea would be oa the table at ' t * lf-P *» t six o ' clock ; and a a few minutes after tha * * - time , upwards of five iundred persons sat dowri to e vjo ? " the feast of reason nd the flow of bouI * by partak > nf together of the cup rtrfeb cheerB but will not inebria te . A few minutes before seve « o ' c *«**» toe Rev . Wm . Mil , editor of tbe Northern Star , a ccompanied by Mr . largraves , entered the Hall . Tbe people , notwitfatanding they were discussing the good" things : of this Lfe at the time , all rose up from tbe tables , and greeted im with every mark of esteem and regard . Cheering , lapping of bands waring of hats and handkerchiefs , nd every demonstration of joy , which lasted fo * several linntes after Mr . Hill bad mounted the platformy—tfce plendid trass band playing
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Carpenter's Hall . —On Sunday , the Rev . Wm . Hill preached tbe anniversary sermons of the spoiling of the above Hall fnr Chartist purposes . The afternoon discourse was founded uoon that beautiful porti' -n of holy writ f « an < l in the 15 . h verse of the 13 th chapter of St . John ' s Gospel , " For I have given you an example that ye . should do as I have done . ' * The audience , which waa numerous and respectable , were delighted with the manner in which the Rev . Gentlemen elucidated his subject , by contrasting the conduct of profesaedChmtiaus with the pxasiple of him they call their Master . They Rev . Gentleman having occupied a &Hort time upon this portion of his subject , proceeded to show the absurdity of the chat « e of infidelity being
attributed to the advocates of Chartism ; and after a "uaster ly refutation of the base calumnies of its enemies and a triumphant defence of its principles , he concluded by making an appeal to his audience to contribute according to their means towards meeting the expenditure which must be very considerable for Much a splendid hall as this for the working men to meet in . This appeal was very liberally responded to , and a vary handsome collection was made—In the evening , the Hall was literally crammed in every part . There could be 09 less tban from four to Sva thousand . persons assembled , and numbers had to go
away who could Dot procure admission . The Rev Gentleman ' s subject in the evening was , the Chartism bf the Old Testament ; and was a masterly exposition of various Uxts of Scripture bearing upon the principles of Chartism . The discourse , whicb occupied , nearly anhoar and a half in tbe delivery , was listened to throughout with the most serions attention . Notwithstanding the crowded state of ihe Hall , and the almost intolerable heat arising therefrom , the collection was at ; ain very good . After the serviee was concluded , the Rev . Mr . Hill adjourned to one of the auti-rooma in connexion with the Hall , and baptised eight infants and an adult person .
The Chartist Painters of this town provided a good substantial dinner of good old English far * in honour of Mr . J . Leach , Christopher Doyle , and Thomas Railton . The dinner was on the table at eight o ' cf'ck in the evpning , when between forty and fifty of the Chartist Pa'otera , with the above-named individuals , sat down . After the cloth waa removed , one of their own men was called to the chair , who said tbat they had opened that room for a two-fold purpose , namely , to endeaveur to create a better feeling amongst thfl painters generally ; and , in the second place , to promulgate the glorious principles cootaued in tbat document , called the People's Charter . He hoped , therefore , that they would listen with attention to the gentlemen
that he should call upon in tbe course of the evtn ' iu ^ to address tbem . The first toast for the evening was •¦ Xhe people , the source of all legitimate power . '' Mr . Cjoper responded to the sentiment in a neat and app oprlate speech . The chairman then gave " The P o le ' s Charter , and may it soon become the law of the laud . " Mr . Jiimes Leach , on tisiitg to respond to this toast , was lou-Hy applanded . Mr . Leach's speech did honour to the working classes of this country , and was a ciear and concise exposition of that document , which , if made into a legislative enactment , would place in the handa of the people tbe power of amending their social and
pnlidca ! condition . The chairman then gave the " Northern Star , and the whole of tbe democratic press " Mr . Dixon responded . Thu chairman then gave " The health of the painters' friend , Mr . White , " of the Kailway Inn , whicb was drunk with the usual honours , and Was responded to by Dr . flulley . The chairman tnen said there was another gentleman that they ouqht net to overlook , although he was not present He then gave The health of Mr . Christopher DoFle . " The toast was drunk with evary mark of respect to their absent friend with loud applause . Mr . D xon responded . Otb . tr toasts were given , aud the company separated at a late hour .
Halshaw Moor . —On Thursday evening last , Mr . Dixon , from Manchester , delivered a lecture in the National Charter Association Room in this place , being the Si-st thero has beon hrre since the strike . After the lecture , several questions were asked , which Mr . Dixon a / isirtruil to the tiitin ? satiefuatiou of the nwli-
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IWT . ONTBOSE . —*' - Peddie , of Edinburgh , entertained the lads of this place , with tbe history of his prison adventures on Good Friday . GLASGOW . —At a meeting of the comraittse appointed by the directory of the Glasgow Chartist Association ,, to take measares for the liquidation of the debt due to Mr . George Ross , as General Treasurer ol the Chartists of Scotland , it was unanimously resolved to eng . igc a talented company now in Glasgow to visit tbe most poplous and patriotic districts throughout the country , and give a convct representation of the trial of that distinguished gentleman . Robert Enimett , Esq ., on a charge of high treason , at Dublin , in the year 1803
the whole proceeds , after defraying expences , to be devoted te tbe above purpose . The committee would moat earnestly solicit the co-operation of tbe various Associations in this undertaking , by giving their countenance and support to the company on their arrival in each locality . The debt now sought to be cleared off , by this representation , is not tbat of G asgow alone , but Scotland generally , through the delegates assembled in Glasgow on three several occasions , and the generous individual who so kindly opened his private parse in snpport of our holy cause , has OTety claim , Vn point of right and justice , on all true lovers of democracy , when the treacherous Whigs aitzsd the defenders of the poor , and crowded the dnngeens of England with her best
and bravest sons , when tbe peaceable , legal , and constitutional meetings of the peeple were dispersed at the point of the bayonet—when our exchequer w . > s low , and to be a Chartist waa the well known sigr < £ . l for the ribaldry , tyranny , and persecution of all the inibeeile factions , Who live and fatten on our industry , George Ross was at bis post , presiding over the assembled thousands of his fellow ctUa ; as upon all occasions when called on—giving his meney to the Central Committee , aud for the support of our newspapers and periodicals . The following are the towns proposed to be visited , before which an official letter , signed by our chairman ,
Mr . Thomas Ancott , and our secretary , Mr . Wm . Brown , will be transmitted to the respective committees : —Hamilton , Aird - « , C ; impsie , Kilmarnock , Ayr , Falksrk , Sterling , E huhur ^ h , Dnodee , Aberdeen , Coalsi ; avn ; bton , Alloa , Tilhcoul'ry , Arbroath , Kflmarnocfc , Kirkcudbright , Lanark , B vrhead , Strathaven , and Perth , Irvim ? . — PS .- All other towns omitted in thi 3 list , by forwarding a letter t- > Mr . GL Ross , 83 , Tfongate , will receive attention N B . —The gentleman who acts as manager for the company , and takes charge of tbe constitution of the court will also be furnished with an official letter from the Comniitlea
ABERDEEN . —Oa Saturday evening last , Mr . R . Pe-. lain , of E . liuburxh , lately released from his three years confinement ejid torture in Beverley Hell , leeturcd in tbe Chartist Hall , to a respectable and crowded -iu lience . The lecturer gave a very distinct account of tii « manner in which he was ensnared by the hired epies of Bradford , as also of his trial and condemnation by the foules . t pnrjivry wbicb was ever committed in any court of justice , and proved to tbe entire satisfaction of every one , by ttu ? written declarations in his possession , that the Wliig authorities then in Bradford oid not give him sny opportunity of bringing forward that evidence which would at once have detected the cursed pljt aimel at his ) ft or liberty . Had Mr . Peddle been tried iu Scotland , we kuow the result would have be « n quite ovffvrent , for with us there is something in the shape < f fair dealing ; whereas in England , if we
tafcu Mr . Peddie's case as a sample , as well as many more of tbe Cbarti ^ tfl , which have come under our notice , the English Courts of Liw appear to be a mpra mockery of justice , calculated to impress upon every intelligent , thinSing . and unprejudiced mind , the absolute necessity of the people being awakened to a lively sense of thi-ir dangtr , in tamely submitting their lives and property , and every thing t ' jat is virtuous , noble , and patriotic , to be sacrificed at the unholy shrine of aristocratic ignorance and wealth . — Mr . Ptsddie lectured also on Sunday evening , on Priestcraft ; and the way in which his subject has been appreciated , evinces in a very striking point « f view , that the community at larg « are rapidly unfettering their minds from the thraldom of superstition , and approaching that standard of rational and philosophic judgment which is bo devoutly to be wished .
COVENTRY- —Mr . Brown delivered an address in the Charter Association Room , on the causes ef the present distress , showing to tbe satisfaction of an attentive audience that there is no remedy except in the People ' s Charter . ASHTON-UNDER-Ltne . — Mr . Jeremiah Lane , of Manchester , delivered an able lecture on Sunday evening last , in the Cuariist Room , Cbarlestown , A&htoB . A publio ball and concert was held on Monday night last . About 400 persons attended , and afur ei . joying a good evening ' s amusement , sepuraUd about twelve o ' oloek .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 22, 1843, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct799/page/1/
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