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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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; s ==- HABMONT HAT , T » 1 ETTEB TI . TO JHI EDITOB OF THE 5 OKTH 3 SSS STAB . _ 3 jj By lut letter J stated thit I Trould lay - ^ toot readers the outline of an Organisation which fc ^ ie capable- ^ speedily exilblHng the power of ^ fosalB OB ths land question , to an extent , that ^ tJdtBrii the tide at public opinion , now « tting in frTifcBneee « itjr of ? ° fc ^ d ° colonization being 5 l ted . to thfi snperiar adTsnlafes of home colonies " those -wiadiTMy be established by emigration . 0 T rt tobt paper of to-day , I am glad to Bee that tMs Vert if-aot-only to rewire Mr . O'Connor * powerful * -k to a w " ° * letteHS » "which I look forward to J 2 ^ fli umeh pleasure , bnt also of receiving the atten-V ^ » icany other enllghtended Mends of humanity . TCere ii one leafing principle of Inestimable Tains ; -Jr £ x that onion is strength ; and in nothing Is anion , iS » ,. i » w » mncbreqnlrfd , M in directingthe
^ -B-8 H s = 3 energies oi toe people , to laose objects feeh i&an Kenreat the earliest moment It Isprac-Sy . jjhe cordial union and co-operation of all , » ho jSy , jbe renwrra ! of-rice , erime , and misery from &m « ng « ni for the purpose of effecting their object It " * $ 3 * ° * 3 * ttle ^ P 01 * 31108 " hose plan shall be touted , provided we hare perfect freedom of invrteto ere *! tugseslien of Importance ; the time will &Lch better « pent In such inquiry , than hunting J ^ mtMtj orfll- « % « ste < i schemes , wMca whw applied twaeSce wiB be found lDadegnate to the production SSresiQte ^ dpated from them . think he agreed by all partiesthat
jTynH , I , , one JL , T > a ^ deQn 3 te colocy , placed in operation on & adfrtirg *«**> that -win zhevr that it ia capable of ^¦\ pTOg yje condition of every inciTidnal who shall uCudit within its range ; o ! giving permanent bene-&TS $ ojmeti *<> aose who eompcse it ; and s Z ~ & pracdol edncaBon to every child , on term * of * ite * , equality fo' " * fi ° * them ; and these combined P ^ Tjndi recre&Sra and amusement as * kall be aeees-¦* r to pve a zasV&Dd cheerfulness to their oecnp&Kon , JTeddJ fa 3 ** ^ Bi 0 HieJlt * ° Simulate tte attention of STaraSiJisfe , j ^ a to indnce them to seek such an cLgtoentw shall procure for them a return not now S fca aBB , in * * 1 * il ( iest aad ^^ hazardous mfettiZSngs . ^^^ . , , of all who desire tolead
jTtSTbe troe , 3 t is H » duty «« i-otiiaf daffies through their present low and IL jaea position to one of superior comfert and eajoyjSrt , to lose no time * & tke establishment of one such ^ bst as - » midens from which any nmmljer may Sate as npidlj M the public stall pro-side the means for establishing them . As Iststed in my former letter we haTe now praofesStj « stai ) Usaed She jasral fact that men can liTe t ^^ h ynih ^ M commnn interest , in peace and harn ^ f We hsT 5 also proyed that roch & mod * of BriJi instead of being dull , tiresome , and monotonous , v some pre-srgned it would be , i » a life of exnting and jamdaSng actirity ; that the persons so associated are ianiOated by more than ordinary industry j and that to them much
M ^ t day tends gite a clearei conception if-aist ffceynsTe « naertaien , and conseqaently greate ^ r pora aadiMIity fa > perforai It . jfnnion be strength anywhere , ii wil ] be in bringing j ^ siher snder one common tie , the whole hnman lun ^ , and this may now gradually , but rapidly be dane . All that is wanting is the discernment on the tart tftte people generally tbat all interesta are truly jaadafid . Andassoan as thiaiaaeen , the practical Steps £ e dear , pMn , and simple . Whilst , how » Tex , wa can bs contiBt with panning , I will not say personal inteats , bnt anything short cf nniTersal ones , we shall be fining thai time and energy , which , if directed to the isiia t > tjeci , irm not fail to accomplish what all will « ofl desire .
That I would then propose to the Chartist body , and esk especially to their leaders , is , that as many of gem sa possible should , &t the earliest period they can , Hot Baa place , and ascertain for themselres what we jtrroHy doing , and how far our members as a b * dy re satisfied and hare confidence or the reverse . I am Ihs man desirous that they should do this , as the Gonpta dibs Rations ] Society ianersriast sppmaehmg { it a a is heia here on the 10 th of the ensiane menth )
is 3 at this Congress we should be glad to hear how far a otherwise our Chartist Pxiends are satiiSed with liat we are doing . If they shall report that colonies cfsiuiediaUrests are easily practicable , and that they » in compete wifli any plan of Dnaness now in adsten as a means for employing capital , then I KIIbtb £ -re -vQl be focufl among the working classes alone , if fcjJssnld be required , all the money that will be requiis , to fairly establish the one full and adequate Cctosj , to which I haTe referred .
It was stated in your paper a few weeks since that g » Chartist body alone could reatllly raise among tbemxires , without inconvenience , one million of pence n&j ; and this was intended as a donation zathex gas a fuzn for peroanent secure investment . I lire no doubt that if the minds ol aU the vxirJdug issBtsa be aroused to a sense of the importance of £ a mattei to them , uot only that this sum , bat one Ei : j times larger , may be boos placed in the b&& of any body of men in wkom they have full gsS&nce , that they win . apply it with judgment and £ ia&on te the . objects for which it is forwarded . Wn ; iar gajxted , lor tbe moment , what I have litUe fijubtbot seriouj investigation would confirm , that the
Israel who came here to g * y"fr »> our position , were to be sa £ ilcd that it would prove highly xemnnerativa , in propco-ifoaasit should be extended , a very much less ko thm what I have named would enable us to pro teed 03 ike "work with » vigour and energy that would tt&dxh all ants and classes throughout Xb » State Inn u we are now situated , a comparatively small ioij , in opposition to man / of the prejudices of every oa , sect and j « arty , held togeth « by principles which bTebttn not only vilifl » d and abused by out enemies , te vhieh evea some of bur professed friends have ka-Esable to act upon ; principles which allow of the smpetfee * freedom of thought , of expression , and of tcko , but principles which will prevent any true discj * d them from obtaining the popularity of the
saxst by binding in the slightest manner to the isjwfioeiand ignorance which they contemn ^ princi-^ i whSch hiTe hiiiierto left their followers exposed to £ Ihs ridicule Trbjch miods incapable of conceiving palud enlarged truths can mo liberally heap upon &nt who , for a tima , stand above public opinion ; xstrfciutandiug all thtae disadvantages , we are doing as * diilj ud weekly in sound practical measures of i&d Qua all other parties combined . We hare lbia ^ nxasy hundred acres of land on leases of such lesf-iM to be quite efjtal to freehold ; we have * buildb f ttpiale of containing a nucleus of mind for the
° xpi $ forward the organization fully adequate b U » object to be secured , and what is of still Eg » value , we have already so far associated Saizndms . that a greater unity ef mind and devotion tf j * 3 > Dseesists among us , than has ever done smong "J Wj » f people befeire associated for any object or fF ** - With this land we are prepared to unite as apsclj aa proper circumstances can be provided for ban , a population equal to the number « f acres •»• itninocenpssos ; and , from the manner in which we t » Te coadncted ounelves as tenants up to this period , t » ha-re no fear bat that we may readily have any taher qusnQty rf land that we shall require .
, ^ aansainbody of the Chartists are disposed to join a ros natioaal crgaa-zatton , on a purely nnsectarian tua , allowing egaal liberty of thon ^ st , feeling , and »*»» to every individTial ; and will show their readi . ^¦ ** n ^ * Bi aerioDsly to discuss and explain all PKsJtadifeenee , with the view of adopting such a « a » s * ahaH appear most practical and straightfor-•?**> the iceoaplishment or the object we all seek—« a « y , the eariiett jwosesaion of the land—there can " ¦ w doabt but they will soon be enabled by theli «* l * a to obtahi the assistance and eo ^ peraBon of all ^ Parties , *^
1 % !* ™ Jen ^ outIiDe of ae ors&tfzition of which * J ^ 8 , wakiij in accordance with ths anggeatton con-^« ia a leading aitiele inserted in your paper of fT ^ . i " * * ish to see considered and amended by r ™"** oaers being brought to bear upon the ""*» qect , I would propose that a society be formed j « Z ~* "friendly Societies Act , " whose declared j ^ HWJ dibe to e ^ ucale and employ the people Irj Koaa 8 &m in Borne Colonies of "United Interests . di ^ v ? 1 * 066 * 7 * aonld consist of a centre , composed k ^ &wj , resident in aU parts of the -TTnited King . ¦ g ^ TOled in boeka kept at the office of the Central tofi * W fc ? 5 *^ 8 0 De Porad or npwardsannually « S 0 el fennehea conmnuvl nf tnorn'SaM eni > nTlf > fi in
* 4 « S » the ¦ braDch to "! riich ih ^ * " attached , kt&vZH ? 0 SB ^ ^ d upwards weekly , to the kta-lZ ^ ™ Edition to any local charges that may r * 8 " 7 * ° * & ** «» acpences of tte branch . it ^^ " P ^ d on being jasde even ponads should ^^^ thexredit of the individuals paying tiiem , nJ ^^ ^ terestas , in the epinlon of the dele *^ ttUea periodically in Congress , shall be cowd-2 * esnsafent with the Jntexests of the society and k ^ Pttiei subscribing . w * a w preserve consisteBey and unity in all the S * w ~ f « » nch a society it should be placed nnder JlfcSz ?!* 1 * rf » President and a Central Board of 5 j Z ~* _ »™ i shottlo be located on the lana of the first ifl p ^^^^^ ey may acquire that practice know-^ iarowLz ^ * the proceedings necessaly to cor » Wfi ^? ?^ *» &etr «! Z ^^^ retain his offi ce so long as he bai £ \~ f «^ rsto the satisfaction of the society ; Vn . ^ . ** W disEatu&elinri « u » rv .-ntrrtw « t /> > m » rt 2 ! eir
^^ tiaTrf ^ * appointment , and to call a special * feJ fe » vS . ^ t 0 eoaader the necessity of this ^ B aSlf ^ ority inay deem it necessary . ** . &mmt ¦ onB OT more Treasuran and Anditors , fej ^ r ^^ s Congress , independent of the Presi-15 ^ 25 *^ Board of JJirectora . ^ as rC" ™** ** the Society ahould also be elected * iih iS * ^ ' ^ ^ P 2 " 5011 * rf high moral Trorth . *^ wajv ^ I **** ° CentraI offi « e » > * g °° a mHt » 433 « ada ^ Tir aiafininat « y : » ohj 6 et 8 i 5 ontemplated , fe ? o a 2 ^ i « , ^ "SanlzsdlHaa ^ esi in active operation * iaK > lenga and breadth of the land , all k sKnS ? 11 ™ 7 ^^ K * centre , a poweimay seen 3 S 5 ^ al » to ^ S ^ " ^ ltta myet Jet ^ i ^ ted . ^ d these ? S ! i < » besib . rt teongat to setiier without one mo-^ nSa . y ' afftf " *> "y ** ^ * ^ ii ^^ 5 0 tbw subjects connected with this " ° n - » aich 1 shall squire to treat of , hat I see
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tbatl have already occupied the usosal space I allot to theseletters , and I will therefore break off ftritomsent and resume the subject in my next I am , Sir , Your obedient servant , Wilium Qalpih . Harmony Hall , Hants , April 15 , 1843 .
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TO THE MEMBERS OF THE REPEAL ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND . "Hereditary bondsmen know ye not , "Who would be free , themselves mnst strike the blow ?" IBJSHHBH . —In my letter of the 25 th nit , I endeavoured to point onfc the absurdity of your aiming to strike a blow" for liberty in alliance -with the Whigs , and at the same time set before yen the document of the People ' s Charter , as the only tfficient remedy lor all your political grievances . I have again taken np the wards of my former text , and trust that my humble efforts to assist yon in striking that essential " blow " which i » to dethrone tyranny , and establish justice and happiness amongst you , may not be altogether fruitless . Honesty of intention and consistency of principle are
the most admirable qualities political men or parties can possibly possess . " Wiihont the first , » nation's energies may be so improperly directed thaV instead of obtaining the object sought for , it may not only be retarded , bnt an accumulation of evils may be produced by the very means used to diminish them : whilst withont the second , the energies of a people , although ever so . well directed , will most certainly fall to produce favonable resnlts . We have seen how far inconsistency on the part of your leader has injnred the prospects of Ireland , and blighted ttie ensanguined hopes of thonsands who lived but for the union ; and I had betun to examine the honesty of intention evinced by the ulterior measure Chartists , who exclude from their meetings ( on their leaders disitj men vrho are XSOTra professors of Ms leadership ' s admitted principles . My last words -were "the Whigs would , like the Oraniremen , rather
tfcnn assist you to bnild npyour political temple , Booner pull it down , and bury you in the ruins . " I now repeat it . There is no hope , no mercy , no friendship , no benefit to be derived from such an unholy alliance . And yet , with this glaring truth before your eyes , I find it , as an lrishioan , to be my duty , after so many years of sad experience to warn you of your danger , to open if I can , your eyes to your folly and yow eaa to truth , and I trast your heart ! to conviction . Although "A Known Chartist '' in not admitted into the s&alrutisoTiclonun of your multifarious named Whigling Household , Manhood , Complete Suffrage , humbog assemblies , still the words of " KnownChartiBts , " and II Enemie * B to Political Dishonesty , " win reach yon even wiihinyonr bolts and bars , and will ultimately , aided » y truth , and strengthened by the mighty moral voice of the millions , plant the standard of liberty , "the Charter , name and all , * on your very platforms .
Irishmen , I know you are sensible and capable of judging fairly betwixt right sad mrroag ; aliow me , therefore , to put a case in point Snppose a pariah in Ireland , say by way of distinction , the parish of Jveragh , was infested with a gang of honsehreakers , and pickpockets , and » that the inhabitants were , from their peculiar circumstances , unable to defend themselves -from the attack of the plunderers , and obliged to snbaiit to be robbed and ill-treated , whenever they had anything to lose . Suppose things te be in this state , the inhabitants hold a council amongst themselves , for the purpose of adopting tome remedy or means of prevention ; all give their opinions , bnt one man rises and in the wisdom of his soul very discreetly U ) proposes that aa the robbers are so strong , and the people used
to their attacks , it would be perhaps as geod to let matters stand as they are , for fear of making tilings worse . TMs , however , meets with dissent , and then the wise man is constrained to prapose a better remedy , which is , that in future , 4 he people »!»»» , instead of fastening their doors with a "bush" fasten them with a " latch , " very wisely keeping ont of sight any mention of the string to be attached , and which the gentlemen of all work , knew very -well how to pull . Unfortunately for ihe wise inventor , some hot-headed fool of an Irishman finds fault with this wise plan too , and sets the inventor upon a new discovery ; nor is he long about it , he proposes as a safe aad certain remedy , that henceforth the Hoan shall be all built up with stones or mnd , -and the wisdom be left open to admit the inmates
as well as the light ; this plan also fails , for > the same hot-headed fool , who bjected to the fasten-I ing with a latch , obtrudes his senseless remark that the I Tojues might go in as well the day light . What ) think yon is the remtdy ? Nothing more nor less than 1 that no inhabitant of the parish ia to be allowed to I give as opinion , unless he is a man ! 11 unless be I can prove he is of the genus homo , he 1 m not to dare | to lift Ms voice against oppression . This wss proposed j as a certain remedy , and might have had some weight , if some foolish wag had not remarked , it wonld be hard I to prove who might be f ualiBed , as there were at I present so many old men in petticoats and old Women } is breeches , there would be an endless task in
examining the claims of the candidates . This we suppose was the position of the parish of Iveragh ; and the Solon who proposed the foregoing remedies we will snppoae vras the landlord . Well , bavixg bad a peep at one parish we have an exact resemblance of all the parishes of Ireland . The aristocracy and class interests leagued against the rights of labour , and wrung the last penny , and the last drop of sweat from the brows of toiling industry to satisfy the cravings of avaricious tyranny ; every mnau which could be invented to grind tfce starving popniation wa « resorted to , in order to brtkk the proud spirits of a liberty-loving nation . Coercion , imprisonment , gauging , banishment , and death were lavished with reckless profuiion on the nabappy victims of class-domination ; but tyranny
strove in vain , the voice of the oppressed caused Itself to be heard above the din of persecution ; the suffering millions felt that they were men , and demanded justices * their right ; the fright startled their oppressors , and fearful lest the storm should bant upon their heads , considered bow they eonld avoid the threatened fite . Yts ! the cowards who wielded the iron sceptre of despotism were driven to seek measures of expediency , but not before they felt that the people whom they crushed could crush in return . They who in power could bestow nothing bat stripes , were now willing . te assist (?) the working classes to obtain their enfranchisement . But mark the shuffling mode they adopted , and couple it with promises of by-gone days , and say if yon can , were
they , or are they , sincere ? The principle of Universal . Suffrage is very plain and simple in itself ; it requires no Nourishes of oratory , or laboured comment , to explain its meaning ; iU utility Is apparent , and its justice unquestionable . " That every man of sound sense and sscoovicted of crime should , at the age of twanty-o&e years , be entitled to have a voice in the making of the lsws which govern him . " This you will admit is no more than what he is entitled to , and ce&sequtntiy might expect to be awarded him . But bow was it met by the would-be-sympathi&ers with the people ? Did they raise their voices in aid of the measure so necessary and so simple ? O yes . ' the honest hypocrites , they agreed that a man ought to have a voice in making laws to govern him , but they
could not , or wonld not allow him to have such a powerful lever at his eommand , unless subject to their own controlling itflnencej they feared a just retribution , and , dreading the prospect of equality with their former slaves , songht to destroy the spirit in its infancy . I have punished , says the once bloated , but now " hungry wolf with the teeth , " that poor widow , and if I help her son to the franchise , he will use it to keep me oat of plaoe for having murdered hia brother . I have burned the " stack , " says the Parson , and , if I assist the fraudulent (!) debtor to my Godt ?) he will overturn the Constitution ; and , if that falls , so must the Church , and mayhap I shall be buried in the ruins . I have shed the blood of my countrymen , and done the dirty work of the tyrants , says the soldier ; and if I
raise my voice in his favour , I win meet the worst fate off all . As a soldier , I ask no mercy , but , should he succeed , I will be struck sot only off doty , but the pension list will be abolished , and then , Indeed , I will have a hard campaign . But I have a thought , says the soldier , which , li ke " xeynard ' a shifts , " I will turn to some advantage . I will fight for the present and every future Government that may pay me ; and I will pray , says the parson , as devoutly for the salvation of the present church , as I would , if chance or the Chartists should five us a dissenting , or even a papist , ascendancy , in lieu of our meek and evangelical Mother (?}; and I have a thought , says the welf , with a smile , that showed his great teeth , ready to eat you up in a bite , " I fed myself growing hungry , and all the noitiy little cubs
are equalling lor " inUaU" therefore I will dissemble a bit , and try if canning won't serve my purpose . I have tried the Red Biding Hood method long enough ,-1 wilTnow assume another species . I'll become amphibious and cry a few crocodile ' s tears for the poor dupes whom I wonld devour , and who knows but I may get a dinner for myself and a bone for the squatters . No sooner said than done ; in pops the man with the teeth , and beginB to cry so piteonaly that immediately he is surrounded by numbers of sympathisers , who wail as loudly as himself , but unfortunately , like the asa In the lion ' s skin that was knowa by its braying , the foolish wolf epeaed his month so wide that he shewed his monstrous masticators , and judging from such an appearance and the portentous passaee beyond them , the victims who had already been allured by the cry were frightened into a retreat And so they should 1 The beaten , detested , and defunct Whigs , feeling as they did , the loss of office , found-it convenient to declare the people should
be free , but they dreaded to be instrumental in obtaining that freedom , lest they should , as they deserved , be repaid in * their own coin . If we can , said they , divert the people's attention , and wean them from that •< madman O'Connor , " we shall succeed ; and as Ireland is the hot-bed and stronghold of Whiggery , and as OConnell is one of ourselves , and the Irish are used to his blarney , we will use him to farther our designs , whilst our agents in Great Britain will be up to the mark , and we can meve quietly and unobserved behind the scenes ; we will so confuse the question of the Suffrage that the ignorant Paddies will not be able to dUtinguisb our real motives , and cannot resist the influence of -their darling Dan ! In this way did they conspire to strangle the mighty principle which was intended to be the redemption of the half-starved population of t&ese countries . The work so vilely concocted begun by lopping the Suffrage of its most essential qualities ; various medications of ths principle were
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presented and . nefariously recommended for the adoption of the people , and objections started as simple in their value as contemptible in their intentions . The or igiaal Universal Suffrage became a mark for the envenomed shafts of * Whigling malice , and in its stead was endeavoured to b& Introdnced suffrages of the most ridiculous and unmeaning pretensions . Amongst the list we find those-of Educational , Household , Manhood , Complete Suffrages , or as they have been very properly called " Humbugs "; these and such like were offered as baits to lure the people from their darling object , fru-Charter , but aa yon may not generally be acquainted with the nature of such terms and the evil tendency which would result from tiieir adoption , I will in my next endeavour to explain why they would not be calculated to further the cause of liberty , Repeal the Union , or strike that blow which is to set the bondsmen free .
Until then , I beg to subscribe myself , Your very obedient Servant , Vekitas
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TO THE EDITOS OP THB H 0 RTHERN STAB . Sib , —I have witnessed with sincere regret the necessity which too often existsTor calling upon the people to contribute towards the defence of their peraecuted brethren , add I know from the extreme indigence and numerous privations to which from the present system of Legislation they are subject , they can ill afford to meet the pressing demands for assistence so indispen-Bible npen such occasions . It not unfreqaeatly happens that a few individuals in the various localities have almost uniformly to meet such demands , whilst the greater number , it iB to feared , render no more practical proof of their sympathy thaa tifci © mexe expression of regret that such circumstances exist .
That much of this is , I grant , attributable to the poverty of the parties , but I cannot help thinking there is also a degree of apathy evinced , by no means creditable to parties professing Chartist principles , for if all are to receive equal political benefits as the result of our agitation , so all should , as far in their power , land assistance , particulatly in times of need . But it is not only to meet present difficulties I would have the people address themselves . I would remind them of the wise maxim , that " prevention is better than cure . " and would , therefore , with year permission , submit a plan for their consideration , and which I have little doubt would , if carried into effect ( and mark it is possible ) in future enable them to meet any difficulties which might arise in a pecuniary point of . view , and at the
same time ensure the services of the most able legal advocates whenever prosecution for principle sake would be instituted by political opponents against our " good men and true . " T&ere can be no doubt that a properly organised defence fund would be invaluable to our cause , and would not only be relief to the anxious minds of men who might unfortunately be placed in circumstances of prosecution bj the Government , bnt would tend to diffuse a degree of confidence in the Chartist rank * which tb&re is too much reason to fear they have not heretofore felt when they had to contend against the wealth and influence of the crown . The very fact cf having funds at their disposal available to meet
cases ot prosecution would « f itself be a means te check the spirit of oppression , and disarm '' might" « f much of its terrors , whilst it would place the people in a position to demand justice , and as Mr . O'Connor says , enable them to " fight every'inch of ground" to obtain it When we see the vast sums expended by the Government to procure the conviction of our friends , and contrast it with the comparatively small sum which we have had to oppose them , and daily witness the exertions of men who are left to their " own resources " to fight our battles , it is really time we did something for the general good , and the removal of a burthen mo onerous from the shoulders of our friends j and in order to do so , I wonld respectfully submit : —
1 st—That although there is a vast amount of poverty and distress existing amongst our members , still if we are Chartists in principle as well as name , it is possible for even the very poorest to contribute one penny per week for so desirable a purpose ; and certainly if men ba patriotic , and truly desirous of carrying out their principles , they would contrive to save that small sum « ven out of the most scanty pittance . Although I am not a professor of " tee-total" principles , I would nevertheless beg to suggest , that if only the pr ice of one half-pint of beer was saved weekly for bo desirable a purpose , it would be an easy and by no means painful Baaifica , and one which no Chartist and lover of bis country could possibly object to .
2 nd . —That if only 5000 out of the many thousands of Chartists in Great Britain were to contribute one penny par week , it wonld amonnt to the very handsome sum of £ 20 16 b . 8 d . weekly , or £ 1083 6 s . 8 rt . annoaliy . a sum which would not only be adequate for the purposes intended , but wonld be a guarantee for fair play and provide a clear stage and no favour , and give the working classes a feeling of independence , whilst it would redound to the credit and success of their
cause . 3 rd . —That if thiB suggestion meet with the approbation of the Chartist public , that a committee , secretary , and treasurer be appointed to manage the same , consisting of sneb persons , and located at such places kb may t * deemed most'eligible ; and that sueb funds , during the period of agitation , be solely devoted to the purposes of a defence fund ; but , if fortunately , when the Charter shall become the law of the land , a balance saould be remaining on hand , such balance to be applied to any other purposes the people may deem fit-I know not , Sir , what reception this suggestion may meet with from my brother Chartists ; all I can say is , it is the result of many reflections , and submitted with the fervent hope that it , or some more efficient meant , be adopted "to remedy the present evil and obviate future difficulties , and as a mighty lever to make our principles aa triumphant as our title to liberty is jut .
Trusting that I have not submitted anything but what is consistent with the general good , and anxious that our friends will turn it over in their minds .
1 beg to subscribe myself ; Sir . Tour most obedient and Faithful servant , JUSTICE
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EMIGRATION SOCIETIES . HEW SCHEME FOR PROFITING BT THE PEOPLE . To the Editor of the Freeman ' s Journal . Sir . —in my last letter , published in yont paper of the 3 ist ultimo , I gave the extracts from the evidence of Lord Stanley , who originated the plan of forming Emigration Societies . You will see that he waa afraid of the effects ef a wholesale ejectment of his tenantry on the Limerick property , but with such an alternative aa an Emigration Society he means that " he should feel no scruple in asserting his tight" All the sympathy which he expresses for the late of the unfortunate Emigrants on their arrival in Canada , is mere affectation . The only danger he apprehended was that some
of them Blight return , and make known the fate of their companions . But he had no danger of exposure even from this , as the ejected tenantry are uniformly in such an impoverished state that they have not the means wherewith to pay their passage home again . Besides the passage to Canada is not more than two or three pounds a bead , and Bometimes as low as thirty shillings . The Canadian vessels come here with timber , and the captains are glad to get Irish Emigrants by way of ballast , and if the vessels be old and advantageously insured , they are frequently wrecked within sight of some of the seaport towns of Canada , and we read accounts occasionally tost the captain , the mate , some of the crew , and a few of the passengers were saved , bnt all the rest perished h No matter , they were all Irish emigrants , ejected tenantry from Lord Stanley ' s
and other estates . Now , when Lord Stanley gave evidence before the parliamentary committee he was aware of the deplorable state of the emigrants in Canada . Mind that neither Lord Stanley nor any one else can give grants ef land in the United States , and when they talk of land , fertile land in America , it is done to delude the ignorant and confiding , as neither lords nor Emigration Companies can give any more title to land in tile Illinois , nor in any other part e ! the United States , than I can to the Ptoaoix Paik or Regent Park . Lord Stanley knew this , when he and blsagent asked the tenantry upon the Limerick : property , " who was ready to volunteer for America ? " The poor people thought they were going to the United States of America , bat it was to Canada they were sent , there to die quietly out of the hearing of their heartless landlord .
Lord Stanley , and every other man connected wfia these cruel emigration schemes , are aware of the evidence of Mr . M'Taggart , a civil engineer , in the employment of Government . He states , " That tiv , emigration is planting misery in Canada ; that at ' Sydney and Halifax the wretched emigrants were > eacraedfrom starvation by issues from the public treasury . that at St John ' s , a cargo from Killala had arrive d , sixteen of whom had died on the passage ; that ' the vessels in which emigrants go to Canada are ; of th / , worst description , calculated for the carriage of thp . oer , and that in one of these , five hundred Irish emigrants perished by shipwreck . "
In speaking of those who go irito the interior , in the hope of locating themselves « omfortably upon rich , fertile land , which waa promi ' ded ' toihem , and to which the Irish are BtiU lnred by irish patriots , some ot whom would not shed one drop t > f human blood fur the world ; but Bending their confiding countrymen to perish in Canada is not shedding human bloed , foreooth ! Mi . M'Taggart says , •' that the Irfeb absolutely diq by the dran of disease in
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winter by frost bites ; in summer by msHgnsnt fevers of all fcmds j but that those who own wild lands in Canada ^ encourage thU emif ration by these falsehoods . " a To . ™^^ » Port of ^ the Quebec , Emigrant Hospital , dated 13 th August , 1831 , saya ^ "That on the-arrival of emigrants from Europe , many of them are ; obliged to be out in the streets and on the wharfs all jnighfc , causing the tabst distressing scenes , and absolutely dying in tthe streets and on the roads . " 5 Bat encouraging the poor Irish to quit their country and go to < 3 anada , iwhtre certain death awaits them , is not shedding human blood . It is top bad to take their money from them ionder the pretence of giving them grants of "fertile \ land and comfortable homesteads " in this ungenlal clime .
When I had the honour , and a high honour I shall ever consider it , of accompanying the late William Cobbett on his tonr through Munster , in September and October , 1834 , be was invited to spend some time at the hospitable mansion of the parish priest of AWngdon , the Rev . Mr . Costello . While there , we visited Lord Stanley ' s Limerick property , and heard from the lips of some of those who had volunteered for America , and returned home again , their own history , and an account of the melancholy fate of , their companions . I have often seen my never-to-be forgotten friend Mr . Cabbett ehed tears on hearing the recital of the sufferings of the deluded victims of tboae unfeeling landlords . Tears dropping down from that good man ' s eyes untQ they blotted the paper upon which he waB writing . Oh ! what a case he would have made ont before Parliament If the Almighty bad
prolonged his life bat for another year . His very heart and bouI were full ef the hope of bringing the hard fate and cruel treatment of the Irish tenantry and labourers before Parliament , with a view to better their condition . No man ever stood by the working classes so determinedly and unflinchingly as he did . He always maintained that it was In their condition , and there alone , that men of sense and integrity looked for the character of a government , and not in the palaces of the rich . The object of-that great and good man , in coming here was just as he stated It . First , to see a country of which he bad beard and read so much . Secondly , to see with hia own eyes the effects of the rack-rent landlords upon their tenantry , with a view to either force them or shame them into better treatment . And thirdly , to put the Irish people on their guard against the introduction into Ireland of such a measure as the atrocious
vvbi f Poor Laws Amendment Act . He was no advocate of emigration . He was no advocate for benefltfcing a people by lowering the wagea of labour , and keeping up the price of food and rack-rents by issuing one pound notes . No , he adhered all bis life to the advocacy of the rights and the promotion of the interests ef the working classes . Bad as the case against Lotd Stanley [ a , it is not quite so bud as that against Thomas Spring Rice , to please whom an Irish patriot said , in my own hearing , in his place ' in Parliament , in the session of 1836 , " That the name of Ireland should be blotted out for ever , and that henceforward it should 06 called West Britain . "
It would extend this letter to too great a length were I to state half the appalling cases of tyranny aud oppression either on Lord Stanley ' s estate or on that of Thomaa Spring Rice . However , I shall mention one which occurred , to a family on Lord Stanley ' s estate who " volunteered for America" rather than be tursed oat pennyless apon the wide world . This family consisted of a man , bis wife , two grown op daughters , and three sons , the youngest about eleven years of age . Their forefathers had resided on the same estate from time immemorial ; but " rack rent , " the weapon of the wily tyrant , forced them to " volunteer for America . " They embarked on board of one of those Canadian Umber vessels ; but , before she got half-way to Quebec , the mother of these five children
died . Shortly after having lauded in that land of promise , the father and two sons died of fever ; the other soon followed . The two daughters were soon reduced to the utmost state of want and destitution . The Gaptaia of a brig from Waterford , who knew their father , offered them a free passage home again . They were landed safe on the quays of Waterford , bnt the younger one , who , it was said , was very handsome , fell a victim to some of those idle red-coated gentry , wh » prowl about , like Satan , seeking whom they can destroy ; the consequence of which was , that the elder sister became a maniac , and was Wandering Wildly about the place of her nativity , when Mr . Cobbett vifited that place . He saw her himself , and heard her story from others , for she , poor thing , though decently
educated , knew nobody , looked at everything with a wild vacant stare , and ran up to every stranger , asking "What did y «* a do with my father ? Where is my sister 1 " Others , who were once in affluence , were there begging , with ulcerated legs and arms , brought on by frost bites , while the tales of the horrid death of their companions , made them forget their own sufferings . This is but a brief account of the state and deplorable condition of those who emigrate to the North American Colonies . Notwithstanding those facts , which can be verified , if necessary , and the Parliamentary evidence , which requires no verification , is it not melancholy , heart-rending to see a society formed
in Dublin , and advertised in the most fascinating terms for the purpose of inducing the Irish to quit for eve * the land of their birtb , and emigt&te to Canada ? And this society , bearing the name of the " Catholio Emigration Society , " and purporting to have a capital of £ 200 , 0 * 0 , while In another part of their prospectus they say that the capital is all to be raised in shares , and that the shareholders shall have no other security for their money than the waste lands and the labour of the unfortunate slaves who become the dupes of tbis nefarious Bcheme . The prospectus of this accursed society also state that the plan has met with the decided approbation ef the Irish Catholic Bishops , and the very Reverend Theobald M&tbew .
I hope that this latter statement is a wilful misrepresentation ; because if it be true it is utterly impossible that any honest , educated , or intelligent Catholio can feel respect for any Catholic clergyman who directly or indirectly sanctions this emigration scheme ; but it has always happened , and ever will happen , that there are Borne persons , both lay and clerical , who think It no crime to adopt any scheme which may present to their views a short , ready and easy way to make money ; and this emigration scheme is one of them The trustees to this Catholic Emigration Society are set forth in the prospectus in the following order : —
TRUSTEES . Daniel O'Conneil , Esq . M . P . Emanuel Lizard ) , Esq . Ketlett Green , Esq . Henry Green , Esq . Charles Matthew , Esq
COMMITTEE OP REFERENCE IN DUBLIN . Daniel O'Conneil , Esq . The Very Reverend Dr . Tne Rev . Dr . O'Conneil . Yore , V . G . Patrick Vincent Fitzpa-Christopher Fitzsimon Esq triok , Esq . The prospectus seta forth , by way of inducement to sordid jobbers to become shareholders , that" This society is the only one hitherto established that can secure labour at a reasonable rate , as it will do under a pledge for a limited period from men who have already proved bow they can remain faithful . "
Now , Sir , for sheer , cool , heartless , sordid villany , this beats Lord Stanley and Thomas Spring Bice together . The devil himself never entertained a more infamous 8 cheme than this . May I beg of you as you value the lives of your countrymen , to lend me the use ; of an occasional column in the widely circulated Freeman , and with the blessing of God , bumble as I am , I shall knock this hell-born project on the bead . It has been concocted by the perfidious Whigs and tyranfcal Tories of EDgland . Let ns crush it in the bud . Let us save our fellow countrymen from certain death . Where does tbifl society purpose sending the people ! Let Mr . O'Connell ' s admirable and just description of the country and the climate : to which he advises the Irish labourers to « o , and in order to induce them to go ,
places himself at the head of a society to send them there to die quietly : — " Let them look , at the two vessels opposite the quay large and extensive as their accommodations werewhat were they there for ? Did they bring wealth into Ireland ? Would they take away her manufactures or the produce of their labour ? Oh ! no , no , no ; but the blood , and bone , and sinew of the Irish , people ! They would take these things away to foreign countries by an unwilling emigration from the green isle of their birth—they wonld sever tot ever the connexion between the mother , who consoled herself with the fond idea that her soa would dose her eyes in death—between the sister he should never know again—the brother he should never see , and the father , who wept in vain
over his child whom his eyes should never again behold I Were they guilty of any crime or turpitude ? Oh I no ; they left Ireland by means of this traffic , with eyes foil of tears and hearts bursting with regret and sorrow . They go to an uDgenial climate , where , for many , many months of the year , they would be exposed to all the rigours of a dreadful winter , and when the heat came on , surrounded by ins ' jctB and crawling creatures , which absolutely made life itself disgusting . How few would thus emigrate if they knew that the approach of spring in these foreign climates brought myriads of insects at the sight
o * which the very flesh crawled upon the human body where that spring was followed by the heat of a summer as dradfnl in JtB effects , and as injurious in its consequences , and where they lie after these sufferings in a foreign grave , unwept and forgotten even by those who watched over theii early childhood ( cheera ) ? Oh ! it is a miserable traffic ; ' yet it waa th » only one left them . He ( Mr . O'Conneil ) saw a great number of high Tories the othei day petitioning Peel for an extensive plan of emigration ; but the Iris& peeple wanted no such assistance . There was abundance of land unreclaimed in Ireland , and why ? beeausKf there was no capital to do bo . " ;
Surely lifter this eloquent and true description of the country , to which the Irish labourers are to be sent , and that too , by Mr . O'Conneil himself , it Is not asking too much , to implore and beseech the Irish Catholic Bishops and Clergy in general , and the Very Reverend Theobold Mathew in particular , to publicly withdraw their approval of this wholesale transportation of their faithful teetotallers and confiding flocks , to an uDgenlP . ' i clime which has been so justly , so peacefully , au ^ so feelingly described by Mr . O < 3 onnell himself Patrick O'Sicgins . No . li , North Anne-Stree . t , April 1 st , 1843 .
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The most celebrated iron mines , of Sweden , those of Danemora , the greater part of the produce of which comes to England , have yielded during this winter no less tbaa 90 , 000 ship pounds of ore . Sweden , with a population of scarcely 3 , 000 , 000 persons , supports not less than ( seventy political journals , exclusive of others of a Religious or scientific character . ' A Great sensation has been | created in New York , by the circumstance of a gaming-house keeper , named Corlis , having beeu uhot dead in the street , about seven o ' olock in the evening , by a female . It appears that an improper intercourse had been kept up between Corlis and the wife of a Mr . Corlton , as well as with two other women , and that Corlis ' a life had been threatened several timea before . The assas-Bin had not been discovered .
We have seen a letter from a Scotch Cockney to his " friends in the north , " in which he says , " Dinna come up here just noo ; ( ye'U find it very dangerous , as it disna matter whether ye look funny or sad , if ye happen to be Scotch , you will be sure to be taken up for daft . Since M'Naughten ' s unfortunate affair , there have beeu nae less than five of my daft countrymen before the magistrates for naething ara ; so ye dinna need be purprised if you shoul see me some of these days fignring in the London prints anither daft Scotoh monomaniac .
The Iron Trade in Wales . —Qn Saturday week a meeting of the Incorporated Company of Copper Miners was held at their office , in Old Broad-street , London , when the Governor of the Company , after stating tho object of the meeting ( the election of officers , & . o . ) and noticing the proceedings of the company , thua spoke of Us proapeots , arising from the discovery of the black band iron ] ore in Wales—a disoorery likely , it seems to bo agreed , to produce a great alteration in the iron trade : —" I may here refer to another subject of the greatest interest to the future prospects of the company , although { not immediately affecting its present trade—I mean' the discovery of
veins of iron ore in the Welsh mineral basin , analagous to the black baud in Scotland , vvhioh will ia all localities where it is fonnd , reduce the cost of pig iron 203 per ton . ( Hear , hear . ) These veins have been found to run through the whole of the Cwm Avon , Byrn , and Qakwood takings ; it is , therefore , quite clear by reference to a map of Wales , thatat no place can it be produced with greater , nor , in fact , as regards the contiguity to the shipping ports , with equal advantage to the Cwm Avon Valley , and that it will form an object of serious ' attention on the part of this company , how soon it may be advisable to avail ourselves of this discovery . !
United States . —The Britifeh antl North American Royal mail steamer the Columbia , Captain Judkina , arrived at Liverpool on Saturday last . She sailed from Boston on the afternoon ! of the 2 nd rust , ( the mails not having aimed , in consequence of the stormy weather , on the 1 st , ) and Halifax on the evening of the 4 th ; and has made the passage in thirteen days . She has brought forty-four passengers . Her outward passage from Liverpool to Boston occupied fifteen days and twelve hours . Th& papers by the Columbia are eight days later than those received by the Virginian . Their contents are quite unimportant . No change of importance had occurred in tho money , stock , or produce markets . The rate of exchange on England still stood I at lOSi to 106 , at which a fair amount of business had been trans *
acted for the steamer . United States Sixes were quoted at 107 |; United States New . Loan had advanced $ . There were some sinster reports relative to the Bank of New Orleans . ! € Jreat excitemeat had been produced on the bowier in consequence of the arrest of Daniel Savage , an American oitizan , by a British officer on the Aroostook territory , on the south side of the St . Jbhn River , and within the limits of Maine , as defined by the lato treaty . A publiojmeeting had been beld , anu strong resolutions passed . The trial of Commander M'Kenzie had closed , but the finding of the courtmartial would not be publicly kaown until the « rdiot was published at Washington . It was supposed
that the verdict was one of acquittal . Accounts from Hayti stated that the Jaemel had deolaied in favour of the insurgents . The accounts from Canada mention the arrival of Sir Charles Metoalfe at King * fitos . The health of Sir Charles Bagot was still in a state not to hold out any hope of his Irecovea j . The riots of the Lachine Canal labourers had been re * newed . Advices from Suadaloupe to the 25 th ult . state , that up to that time 4 , 500 bodies had been dug out of the ruins of Pointe-a-Fitre , and . 2 , 200 of the wounded were in the hospital at Basseterre . Five snooks of earthquake , it is added , had bees felt since the shock which prosed bo destructive . The papers do not contain any Intelligence either from Mexico or Texas . i
An Exciseman Frightened . —A jfew days ago , the inmates of one of the inns ia the village of Beauly were suddenly alarmed by an unaccountable aoise , which took place in one of the apartments of Jhe house in which an exciseman had been laid < -Pt »?»* was under medical treatment , for a fdw days . With all convenient speed , the host of the house , < feo ., betook themselves to the scene of actioB , where , to their astonishment , they saw the invalid in great trepidation , presenting a pair of pistols , minus shot at a terrible-looking object which stood between his bed and the fireside , and which to ; him appealed
supernatural . Upon further iuvestigatfon into the cause of such an unusual sc « ne , it turned out to bo , that a harmless maniao , well known in the neighbourhood under the cognomen of M Foolish Kate , " had quietly stepped upstairs , and hiving found the door of the room open , slipped in to warm her limbs at a comfortable fire which she noticed in it . This unhappy morta * was , nine or ten years ago , a blooming and handsome maid ; hut having trespassed a little on the Excise laws , she was incarcerated in Inverness gaol , since which time reason has left her empire , never to return . —Ross-shire Advertiser ,
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t \» ' Extensive seizure of tobacco was made in Rgii " ast on Wednesday night , by the chief officer , w ] j 0 . arrested a man driving aoartcontaining 2 , 5001 b 3 weigh f - The man , being unable to givea satisfacton ' account of it , was committed to prison . ,, The Liverpool Assizes . —The heaviest and blacked criminal list ever disposed of in this place , was brot '"n * to a close oa Saturday night , after three weel : s ° f incessant labour on the part 0 ? judge and juries Of the prisonera , two are left for execution , withot * hope of a reprieTOji namely , Betty Eocles forpoit oning her three children , and Wilmot Boc ' kley for the murder ef his wife ; and at least one other has had a narrow escape from the samo punishment .
Gloucester ! -hire Assizes . —Seduction . —Grinnell v . Well ; * ( S . J . ) -Thia was a very extraordinary and a ve ry revolting oasa , and presented a novelty at the v > irJ commencement of the proceedings , which were aot drawn up in the usual form of a father claiming compensation for the loss of his daaghter ' s ' services « hut wue specially drawn up and founded on the old poor-law of England , the act of Elizabeth , under « 'hich ( as well as by tbe present poor-law ) a father i . compelled to maintain his daughter when she is unable to maintain herself . The cause of this no velty was , that the young girl who formed the subje * ' t of tho inquiry was not living at home * at the time of her alleged seduction , bat was living in the ser wee of her alleged seducer ;
and , therefore , the fath sr could not plead the loss of services on his own pt rt . The plea was , that the daughter of the plainfa ff was unable to maintain herself ; that she was se Juced by the defendant and became pregnant , . and wa s delivered of a ehild ; arid that thereby the plaintiff had been obliged to maintain her and her child . In this case ths plaintiff John Grinnell , formerly i'ived at Broadway , Worcestershire , on the borders of Gloucestershire , where he was one time a schoolnn ster , then a shopkeeper . ; and he afterwards obtain * 'd the situation ef National schoolmaster at Prest wich , near Manchester , The defendant , Robert Wa Us , was a farmer , in respectable circumstances , also living at Broadway—a widower , whose wife , when alive , was from' her
youth on terms of friendship mib the p / aint'ff ' s wife , Mrs . Grinnell . On tbe plainiifi ^ Learly in £ 841 ,. obtaining the situation of schoolmaster at Prestwioh , he removed there with his family , which consisted of six daughters , with the exception of the eldest daughter , Alice Grinnell , who still remained at Broadway ; . Mrs . Wells , the defendant's Wife , having received herr intp her house aa nursery governess , sire being at that time tinder fourteen years of age . The arrangement was made on the 15 th of February , 1841 , but in less than eight weeks afterwards AJrs . Wells unfortunately died in childbirth ; this was on the 9 th of April , 1841 . The little girl , Alice Grinnwell , continued to live in hia house , and to- have charge of two ¦ of the defendant ' s children till the night of the 27 ih the of her
of May , sov ^ n weeks after death mistress , when , on this night , her master , Mr . Wells , camo home at a late hour and found her sitting ap for him , and then ho committed the offenoe for which damages were sought . Mr . Justice Ersbine , in summing up , said that this was the most distressing case ever , in his experience , brought before a jury . It was one of those cases which might induce any one sitting in his situation to rejoice that the decision wjs cast upon a jury , because it resembled charges brought in a criminal court , whrre nothing but a jury was competent to do justice between the parties . At the conclusion of the summing up the jury requested to * retire , and in about a quarter of an hour returned a verdict for the plaintiff . Damages
£ 300 . Part of a Whegk has been washed ashore at Duggernah reef , Kilkee , consisting of the after part of a deck , with deck timbers , a ship ' s bucket , painted green , and two empty casks . They have been 3 eoureA by H . Baldwin , Esq . chief officer of coast guards , But there is nothing in the materials to indicate the vessel ' s name , < &o . The White Quakers are going about Waterford distributing printed papers , to the effect that it wa 3 a very wrong thing to imprison their leader , Joshua Jacob , and that the present poor-law is not the right way to relieve the wants of the destitute .
Newry . —A Gqod Example . —Thomas Fortescue , Esq ., of Ravensdale Park , formerly member for Lonth , who lafcelv succeeded to the extensive estates of Sir H . Goodricke , has published the following announcemeat to his numerous tenantry : — "Mr . Fortescue , having taken into consideration the reduced prices obtained for agricultural produce during th © past season , takes this means of informing bis tenants that he intends to make an allowance of 20 per cent , on the gale new payable , to all persons holding at will , as well as to those whose leases do not confer a beneficial interest . Ravensdale Park , April 6 » 1843 . "
Charge of Rigam ? . —Important : QtrcsrioN . —A man , named Burke , was recently tried at Cork forthe above crime . It appeared in evidence that his first wife was his own second cousin , and that the parties had been married under a false representation that they were net eo nearly related . The marriage was , therefore , considered null and void by the Catholio church , there being a pre-existing impediment between the parties . The question raised was , whether a marriage , which was void by the discipline of the Catholic church , was equally so by the law of the laud . After considerable discussion , it was agreed that a special verdict should be framed , and then have it removed to the Queen ' s Bench , and ultimately Xif the crown or the prisoner thought fit ) to the House of Lords . The Rieht Rev . Dr . Crotty
has written a letter to the Cork Southern Reporter ^ in which he states , " Had the jury found Burke guilty of bigamy , the law would compel him to rehounce the wife to whom he was united by the indissoluble bond- of matrimony , and to adhere to a woman , by cohabiting with whom he would of course live in a state of adultery . So it is decided by the rules of faith and discipline of the Catholic church . No bishop or priest of that church could obey such a law .- They would , on the contrary , be guilty of a flagrant dereliction of duty , did they not require of . any Catholic , subject to their spiritual jurisdiction , to suffer exile , or even death , rather than comply with what I suppose the law would require of Burke to do , had the jury found him guilty . "
Waterpord . —The opposition to tho payment of the poor-rate ia greater , if possible , here than ever . A few days ago the newly appointed collector for the county of Waterford , Mr . Fitzmaurice , who has been elected in tha place , of Mr . Fleming , the solicitor of the board , was suf rounded by a large number of the country people in Gaultier , whither he went ,, unattended , who threatened him with death , and but for the interference of one amongst them whopossessed some influence over them , they would , it is sa d , have put their threat into execution . However , they contented themselves with swearing him
not to go there again on the same errand . It is also said the figure of a coffin was affised to the chapel gates of that district , which waa pulled down by the police . A meeting of the magistrates took place oa Wednesday at the Court Houses when another proclamation was agreed upon . Th& police and military are in readiness to be called outat a moment's warning . The proclamation of the magistrates cautioning fche country people against their present com * bination not to pay poor rates , and warning them against the disastrous consequences that may ensue * has been posted about town .
Barbarous Murder awo * Robbery in the . County Kilkennt . —Friday morning aa Laurence Hoynes , a farmer , living at Bathoulban , near Newtows , and within two miles and a half of Callan * had been engaged in sowing oabbage plants , assisted by two labourers , he was-interrupted in his business by the sudden appearance cf two men who pretended to- be looking for employment , and asked some questions as to whether he would hire them , to whioh he answered in the negative , stating that he did not want them , particularly as the weather was broken . In an instant they threw off their guise and looked as fiends in human shape , One of them told Hoynea to go on his kaees v pointing towards him . the deadly weapon , butthecoatent 5 of which hecontriFed to avoid
by letting it escape under his arm , whichswas slightly wounded . The poor man now fought hard for hia life , and by the-blow of a prong knocked down ona of his antagonists who * thereupon , called aloud upon his brother assassin far assistance , the fellow being at the time ia pursuit of tbe two timorous labourers , ( who were strangere ) with a brace of pistols , to scare them away . They ran off on account of his menaces , leaving tJseir master in a . situation in which two native workjaen would not haveleft him in the hour of peril . The villain having come up , both assassins , soon succeeded in despatching their yietim . They fraoturad his skull in a most frightful , manner by repeated blows inflicted with the above- prone which they bad snatched up
during the straggle . Supposing they left him dead ,, they walked into the dwellbghouse , coolly and deliberately , broke opeD a bos in one of the rooms , and took the man of £ 100 , a . lease , and various other documents . They also took away a gun , a pieoa ' of linen nearly bleached , and some articles of dress belonging to the deceased , inoladiflg bis riding ooat , which cneof them fljuiK on his shoulders . They walked away through , the stieet seemingly in not the . least harry . The unhappy mai * Engered in th « greatasVajeonyj ufitii ten o ' clock , op Saturdayfnight , whea death temfaated hi ? sufferings . An inqaost was on Monday Iteld before tfeeiwuniy coroner , W . Izod , Esq ., and a VerdiolireturoSd of 'wilfal murder
b y two personsanknown . Deceased has left behind him a poor decrepit wife , of unsound mind , with two ohildrea to lament his loss . Since the foregoing was in type wa ( Kilkenny Journal ) have learoM upon good authority , that one of the mturdetera , whoae name we understand is Delany , -was arrested on Saturday , by a sergeant of polica , in Thuries , having tendered a ten pound note for change , for one pound , which indnoed suspicion , and led to his apprehension . This was a portion of the money taken from the house of deceased . The unfortunate wretch had £ 43 more . He has offered to bepome aa approver , and it is said several others are inYQltefc in a charge of conspiracy to murder .
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THE NORTHERN STAB . 7
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TO THB XDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR , Sir . —The subjoined letter was sent to the Fresman ' s Journal tor publication on tbe 1 st instant , where it remained til ] Saturday last , 'when it waa returned to me by the Editor , not that be disapproved of it or tnu opposed to any fact or opinion it contained , but from downright apprehension of exposing : their paper to the attacks of Mr OConnell , -which no doubt would damage the paper to a very great extent . Now as you have no such fear in your heart , I hope you -will publish it in the Northern Star , and you will oblige me and render a great piece of service to my poor duped , deluded , and confiding countrymen . Patrick O'Higqins . Dublin , April 17 , 1843 .
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TO THE SUBSCRIBERS TO THE NATIONAL DEFENCE FJJND . Friends , —I have ever held It to be essential above all things , that those who are entrusted with the expenditure of public funds , should , not only be economical in laying them out , but that they ahould be prepared to give a clear account ot how they have been laid out ; and , as I am not able ! to give that detailed account of the expenditure of the funds on tbe late trial of our friends Cooper , Ricbarda , and Capper , which is necessary for public satisfaction , owing to the enormous amount of labour imposed on me , I must here appeal to the friends in tbe Potteries who were at the trial , to give yon the benefit of their opinion , as to the manner in which I disposed of the funds .
It will be seen by a reference to the balance sheet , that the amount received by me was £ 25 26 s . 6 d . ; 'hat the amount expended was £ 27 j 16 s . 6 d . This will appeal to be & large anm expended on one trial , particularly as none of it has been expended in law ; bat when you reflect that the trial lasted ten clear days , being longer than any trial on record , in the Courts of law in this town ; and that about sixty ] witnesses weie bare for the defence , whose expences Wets paid out of the above sum , ( if I except a patriotic few who bore their own expences ) , I think you will condude there has not been any extravagance , on the contrary , you will woader how it has been done for so small a sum .
The firstfive daysl keptadaily accountof the expences , but the last five days the labour ] I bad to perform so multiplied on my hands , that it was impassible for any one man to beep account of every ! thing , as it chiefly went ont in small sums , I attended at court with our friends , every day , as their assistant ; or , if you like it better , artheii attorney , And certainly it was a novel scene to see two " snobs" and a blacksmith as defendants , and another " snob" acting as attorney for thtjm in a civil court of law , opposed by one of tne most talented advocates at the bar .:
Cooper ' s defence , which occupied twelve hours in delivery , was , in my estimation , the most coble defence ever yet made in a court of law in dufence of our principles . I can only add , in conclusion , that if our persecuted friends generally will follow the noble example set them by Cooper , Government will not be so eager in prosecuting " seditious conspiracies" as they bave been . ! The Court was nothing less than a respectable Char . tUt meeting from the beginning to the end . I bave it from good authority that this prosecution cost Government upwards of two thousand five hundred pounds ! :
Yours ever faithfully , " In the good old cause , " Wa . Peplow Friar-street , Stafford , April 9 th , 1843 .
BECE 1 VED . £ S . d . From Mr . O'Connor ... ... ... 25 0 0 From Mr . Baily , for defence of Enoch Hurst 0 15 0 A Friend ••• 0 10 From the writer of an anonymous letter , . London ••• ' 0 0 6 £ 25 16 6
EXPENDED . For defence of Enooh Hurst . > . ... 1 1 0 For witnesses subpeaed for Cooper ' s defence f * ¦•• 3 5 0 Witnesses train fare from Birmingham , on behalf of Richards , with messengers ' expences , &c . ... .. - . ... 4 0 0 Food to witnesses , with beds , &o . for ( he same ; Messrs . Cooper and Peplow's expenoes to the Potteries ; express to the Potteries for Mrs . Yates ; messengers' expences , paper , &o . j ... 19 10 6 | £ 27 16 6 D-e to Treasurer , to pay out-standing debts » . 2 0 0 Wm . Prplow .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 22, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct799/page/7/
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