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Northern Star (1837-1852), 1st July 1843, Edition 4 of 5, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      EMIGBATIGN . WHERE TO , AUD HOW TO PROCEED . SOXES < XF A TOBB XHXOtPGH A POSTION OF CANADA . A 2 TD SETEKA 1 OP THTt STATES OF SOBTH AMERICA , PaXTICXJLAKLT THE STATES OF 3 H < SS * CHCSETTS , SHODE 3 StAS 3 J , 2 TKVF IOSK , PE 53 STLTA 51 A . X ) H 1 O , MICHIGAN , ILIBOIs . TTISCOXSIS , AND SEW JEBSET , TTSPER 1 AKES ¦ WITH A ViKW OF . ASCERTAINING TBE DBS 1 BABIXIIT . OB OIHEBWJ&E , OF EMIGRATION ; i > D TO JTTDGE OF THE BEST 1 OCATI 05 . FQH ES 6 IJSH EiUGHAiTS , ££ OH ACTCAi OBSEBTATIOIt . BY LAWRENCE PITKETHLY , of Hoadersfifild . ( Continued from out last week ' s paper . ) HOMEWARD PASSAGE . ============

      ! I&cbs » at ,: Fbidatj and Satfbdai , never out of bed . Scsuat , 93 l— -During the last three days and nights I hare not "been on mylegB ; I have not been -washed or shared ; and "what food I have taken "was given "without co-aid ^ rsSon for my illness . My weakness rapidly increased ; ana I fell into "what seemed more like a torpor Qan any state I can describe ; but , even so situated , my mind -was fixed upon the agents , owners , csptain , asd the "whole cxew of pickpockets and destroy era of their species -who had so crammed this small vessel as to mats the air "we breathed all bnt as bad as that in the black bole of Calcutta ; -whBB the ventilation was by no means to be compared to the common slavers on the co » s £ of Guinea . Onr condition was trnly abhorent to imnaa nature Rsvcltlng seenes "were constantly occurring in this den among the passengers , -which 1 can not describe .

      The "eina continued favourable . This "was my only consolation . We continued in onr course nmning at the rate « f nine or ten fcnsts sn hour . This kept hope npon the Tring . "Yesterday , an Irishman , ¦ who went by the sdbriguet . ol "Mine FndB , ** from jllnenU Point , Illinois , had his box -washed from the top of thetencoop on to the deck : and in the fall the cover-was knocked off Sis clothes , -which -were of considerable value , and feis money , -which consisted , as ie stated , of Bank of England notes to a consderable amount , and also a draft for a goodly sum , -srere -washed iniothesea . A number of passengers who ElepS in « hs iiED-coop -were neatly cLrtysTDed- TtiS J "were is da- ger of being -washed overboard . The inhumanity of fiie meney-zrabbers caused "tiiem to be bo placed .

      Tne storm abated ; and -with great dlffiealty and considerable pain I reached the < lecfe , and at all risks xesolved to keep ont of the " Calcutta hole . " * Two ships -were in sight in the distance , to oar TTghfc . An Iran girl , © I ts £ bsi respectable appearance , whom a poor sick old woman had entrusted with the feey of ber box , stole the money she had received of her son topay her passage home from Liverpool . Being threatened , she tardily admitted the fast , and sbefiad a porfion of the money from some part of ber clothes , and promised to borrow the Tcmamder next day ; it was produced .

      I mentioned at a former period that some rogues had jeznained on board through a subscription at . New York . One ofthem , after knocking down Roche ' s clerk , waa , instead of being taken ashore and to justice , allowed to proceed on the payment of three dollars . This villain nsve bought boots , whisky , it and paid money le * them ; of course he ranst either have had it when the subscription was made , or have robbed his iellosr-passen gers ; possibly those very persons who subscribed to pay for him . I bad sufficient pi oof that many do pass and xepass from Liverpool to -New York , for no other object than plunder , ana , as they call it , " a spree . " JIoxdai , Itih . — -Tha weather mild , whh wind tolerably fair . T * findJneans to write a few . notes -is all bnt impossible , in censeqnence of tha crowd and Eiealey , filth and misery . The state of the ship is such , that to obtain a position where to have good air and be ont of a ero-otl is ntxt to impossible .

      I hare jnst oyerheard Sir . Bobinson relate to a few of the other cabin passengera , that lord Morpeth had , as a compliment , been presented to the bar at a place of some sole is Ssntnckv ; and that the ladies had -charged him with boorishness . Mr . Bobinsan had been informed that his Lordship had , while seated in the company of ladies , placed his back against the wall , and cast Mb feet over the back of a second chair . This was considered very rode . Lords should be careful what they do in such places . Teesdat , " 11 th . —We were nearly becalmed ilis morning . I was " very much indisposed ; and as to taking * Tmmt »» it was wholly ont of the question . Conse--qsenilj- msav ^ particulars must be passed over .

      I © nght to have observed thst on SonOay my bedj nats , who professed -to be a gentleman , and on -coming on board he had something of that appearance , iad told some of the passengers that he had an income of £ 170 ; and to others he said he had j £ 250 per annum arising from a flour mill , a starch mannfactorj-, and other property ; be those things as they may , it was evident that he hid an inordinate penchant for onions , tobacco , and every description of ardent spirits . Well , on Sunday , he got excessively dnmk , and kicked np a great disturbance . He moulded , in a perfectly ogudnal style , the most surprising oaths , and sent them forth ont of a month Which . seemed to take an entire new form Tor the

      express purpose . They came ont with amazing force and Telocity , Volley after volley In rapid succession , -which caused some of the godly to quake with terror , while Others lelt assured Tti * t the ship must go down . The fellow staggered , reeled , and tumbled down npon the Ixaes , enflnTTOTng at the top of his voice . In a peculiar tone : •» OiexlanS , the holy eross , and J > an for ever ! € od d -m , and eternally d n Sir Robert Peel and the Tory Government 1 and eternally d n all the Tories I and 6 od © less Daniel O ConnelL G—d * 1 n yeargus O'Connor . " He emphatically declared that if Daniel O'Connell wonld tell him to pnt a ¦ Wisp , meaning light straw , into any man ' s house he Would burn it down—that if he wnld ask Viim to

      shoot any man , he wonld do it—that if he asked him to go to bell , he wonld go to hell 1 and swore many frightful oaths that no one could be a Christian unless lie possessed the sign of toe cross . His conduct seamed to gall his brother Catholics ; bnt no effort of others could stop the torrent until it was exhausted . Wetcsesda-t , 12 th . —A calm day , and I have been able to get ont of the black bole , called the second cabin . Sad 1 not , 1 most very soon have been the food of fishes . A fish caned a Eldjjack was caught to-day . Jt was somewhat like a mackerel , bnt thicker , and of a more sfirerj ins ; it weighed about 2 Ibs . Thuksdat , 13 th , —The wind got np this afternoon , and hciDfcd 3 os &T . t& tddte cfli miT course .

      There -was a great atir to-day in the steerage , and among the steerage passengers on deck . Charges and counter chajges , crimination ^ n / f recnmlBBtion , attack sad ct&ace , cursing , swearing , every thing bnt blows , were resorted to , and the utmost excitement prevsIlBd < lnri £ g . th 6 wholB day . The pickpockets and plunderers iad , during ihe night , been rnmmaging the trunks , bands , and other packages . The passengers applied to she mate for a lamp to bum dnring night , in order that it might be seen by whom and when the depredations were committed ; there was one on board snired for the pTiposs , and ont of ¦ nse . A sort of assent or premiss that this very trifling boon should be granted , Vas nude ; but af lux triling with the feelings of tbejpassingers it was refused . The greater portion of the Etetrase -sras as tlmk in the day as jzi the sisbt , aud the oaiarumiiyio robbers was only leseeutd by the watcbinjpt = 5 « f the ceople .

      Fkidat , 14 tJi . — " TJnde Ssai" having been without berta , fern the circumstance before stated , had his bed upon the floor of the Tcnnd-honse on deck- He h . ving ziven me a hearty -welcome , 1 took poEsession of half hia bed , where 1 had free air , and was released torn my " chum . " whose onion-eating , eternal smoking , and shallowing everj kind of spirits he could reach , asd not washing himself , had become most loathsome . Ee "nas constantly begging of poor families for a share cf their proviEionB , in order to save his own . 1 tried cvay means in my power to get rid of him ; bnt- to

      no purpose . £ tjck be wonld ; and while he wsls engaged with errery other mstter , he kept brawling with all ar ^ nnd , especially with the women . The fellow has x > -t pnl en unc clean articJe since he stepped on board . Ht 1 q 3 not washed his skin , nor shaved himself ; and hs is covered with grease and dirt from head to foot , wLi « fi hi ? nnshorn chin is c 3 ctt * d—O what a filthy h ^ z ' - 3 lifikred to purchase his Ebar * of the berth- I © £ = T 6 &- to pnt another into my place , bnt to no purpose . Ha parted with no money bnt for spirits ; he wonld iviove none for my accommodation .

      Sioepiag in the round-honse is a great advantage . The air is not only good , bnt I am away from that ~ bts < ly chum . The brteZs fair and strong , and running at a good xale . SaTCSBAT , 25 th . —This is the day I had hoped to h * in Liverpool , fr »» m the state of the weather at the commencement , and the character-of the ship-Breezd strong , bnt carrying us too far northward . A report is in crrcnlation that tha captain intends rnn-Bing © y Qie north of Ireland , which wonld very much increase the distance . Sesdat , 28 th . —Ihe tree& continnes to drive ns norUiward . I have so fcr TeewTered as to 1 » » ble w kake a little ezerdse .

      At the cooking grate , to-d » y , one Irishman cot another withalieavy inn instruaoEnt ; they goBrrellBdJespecting Wbiehliad the prior right to occupy the fire . > 3 ueh B ^ hting took place to-day from " various causes 2 tJOSl > AT , 17 th- —The wind lias changed . We are seansg npon Cape Clear , our proper conrse . "Tlse breera being very -sreai , wb are not going " s-head . " We hive osen ont near three wefcks , and ^ are still 700 afles -west of Greenwich ; we were only 900 three days aro . with a fair wind . "We conld not get into port in lea than th-rer days . At six TM ., the breez . spproxijDstrd ^ oa bnrric&ne , and continned so till ten . . 1 TSSDAT , ISi . —Ihe storm has kept np all night ; an ^ ufii lsoiriEg tie main boom was sput . awa ? , and ttm > e sail went ova-board . At this moment we are

      Tidiag very card npon a roTnvb sea . A vocx feliow Ibm PaSirk is jnst taken iU of . ever , 8 i ~ ' raves veiy aai ; thtre is tti ? ifels attention paid him , and scarcely one particle of sympathy es-

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      tended to him . He is in the steerage , which is even worse than the second cabin . The captain can not deign to notaee any one , well or sick , who did not pay 100 dollars for a cabin fare . When very iHf indeed , I was three days before I could have a little ; medicine . The Captain wears fine-coloured gloves on board , and altogether is a Tetj fine" man . \ WEDSESDiT , 19 th . —The morning very t ^ oally , approaching a hurricane , accompanied by some snow . About noon , the weather clewed , the wind on onr bow , or nearly a-heacL Abont one we saw Cape Clear , and at nightfall we conld distinctly seo the ligbi from the Cape lighthouse . The night was fine , the moon shining forth in all her glory . The -wind being fair , and the bretza fnil , we made way in grand style . '

      Thubsdat , 20 th . —The wind confinned fair during the night . I got np to Tiew the Irish coast The first object of importance was Waterford , out view of which was very indistinct . The morning was exceedingly cold . Indeed it had been so for several days . We soon met a fine Bfceamer , which was reperted to be the Caledonia , bound for Boston , but soon learned from the persons" on board the Salfese light ship that she was the Cork steamer . * The Caledonia soon passed ns in the same direction . Last night a ship passed ns , said to be the Rochester , which vras appointed to sail two days after Ins . This was found to be a mistake . We saw a number of vessels to-day of various sizes and classes , all of which we p « wflfit Tewards evening the breeze increased , and we were carried forward at the late of teri knots an hour to Holyhead , which we reached abonfe nine p . m . The strong brefzs had got tlb too close npon the land , and we were obliged to tack .

      We have « n board seventeen cabin passengers ; fourteen males and thTee females . The measurement of the second cabin is 27 by 21 feet in height The top step of the ladder , by which males and females , adults and children , have to pass to onr department , is 2 feet 4 inches ; and the fnil extent from said step over a bar to the deck is no less than 4 feet 4 incheB , and which females of all ages have te stride at once in passing np and down . This is another specimen of Yankee decency . A Mr . Hntton , of New York , and a friend of his , both mechanics , made the measurement The following is a list of the persons crushed into this small airless place . A second cabin indeed !

      Berths . Persons No . 1 Mrs . Midhope , Mrs . Gibson and daughter ...... 3 2 Mr . Russell , his wife and child ; 3 3 Messrs . Woodman , Wifhams , and Williams ... 3 4 Bajbata Bam , Catharine and Ann Koctie 3 5 — Potter and another ..-. 2 6 Davis , bis wife , son , and daughter .. 4 7 Hntton and Gay . , 2 8 Mt Woodman ' s maid and three children 4 9 Pitkethly and Blakey 2 10 Mrs . Woodman and Mks Falls 2 11 Hugh Agnew , and a Yankee ... 2 12 Mrs , Fidler and Miss Agnew . 2 13 Hallidayand wife 2 14 Field and Fleming 2 15 Mrs . Mac Vtan and Mrs . Caithness and child ... 3 16 Berwick and another „ ... 2 17 Mr . Macdonald , -wife and two children ......... 4

      18 Patterson and Maloy ... „ 2 19 JIacanally and Thompson ..... 2 20 Two men , names uninown ........................ 2 21 Woman and daughter . 2 22 Woman , Hobsoa , and child , from Sheffield ... 3 23 Two women ...... * .. » . 2 24 Man and his -wife .. , 2 25 Thomas and Henry O'Keal and Robert Hoes ... 3 26 S . Black and John Orr , 2 27 W . G Shepherd , on the boxes . „ 1 65 I leave the reader to calculate how much space is allotted for each person in which to breathe , to eat in , and to sit , after deducting the room for the berths . Many had to eat their meals in bed , _ the < place being so crowded .

      Mr . Hitchcuck , who was " done * out of a berth , was pressed by the captain to pay the difference , and take & first cabin berth . Had it been any case I -would have had the captain before the magistrates as soon as 1 got to land . This aged man never had his clothes off during the whole passage ! but sat is the corner of the ronnd-honse every night and slept as lie conJd . When in port , the round-house was carpeted and in good order . When I paid my fares , the Becend cabin was epen and airy ; but in two days after more berths were fixed , and the passage for air dosed . Between the first and second cabins there was stowed a large quantity of flour and cheese . The captain was too " great" a man to look into the second cabin or steerage . He never entered either during the voyage . ' The " petty" for the steerage passengers was a shocking filthy place . :

      A -commercial traveller , was With us , for whom a clergyman of New York had engaged a berth with the proprietors of the ship , ( with whom he was personally acquainted , ) for which he paid twenty dollars , the engagement being that the gentleman was { to have all his meals in the cabin after the one hundred dollar passengers had taken theirs , and to have a bed in the cabin . This gentltman , had spoke to the captain , who , ordered the steward to get him some tea , appealing to have a dear understanding that the engagement was as described . Before the next meal was due Captain Bailey had directed ene of his lackeys to inform Mr . Britain that he most eat his meals in the galley or dock . To this the gentleman quietly submitted ; and he breakfasted , dined , took tea and supper with the black cook , the cowkeeper , scullions , and kangers-on , in

      a black box ; and instead of sleeping in the cabin , he had no alternative bnt to sleep on the open deck , exposed to every danger and every storm ; or in a partially covered division of the long boat among a little straw , where all that was between him and some sheep was a thin deal partition not over close in the joints , and qnite open ovex top . ' Two persons slept in a sort of recess at the top of the passage to the steerage , where all the stench and breath cad to pass from below ! It surprised me that they could live in it In one division of the hencoop , which was dx feet square divided in two compartments , four persons in each ....... S In the potatoe hole . S In a recess at the top of the ladder , the only entrance to the steerage- 2

      On the floor of the reunii house , sometimes washed with the water .......... 1 To sleep sitting in a corner of the round house , never having had his clothes off his back , bia feet during the voyage , and his legB , often so swollen as to -prevent him from patting on boots or shoes— .. 1

      18 Three sheep and four pigB occupied a position directly under the berths . These animals were only separated from the passengers by a few open boards ; and every sea we shipped , washed in npon them . Duncan London , a poor weaver from Paisley , had bis box opened and a sovereign taken out , which was all the money he possessed . He was therefore left pennyless . I opened a snbscription and obtained a little money for him , and intended to collect more when we got on shore . Being toe busy , I had to lend him meney to pay his fare home . Many were plundered both of money and provisions ' during the voyage .

      Fkidat , 21 st—Got eutof bed at a quarter to four o ' clock in anticipation of being in port to breakfast ; but I found the ship beating against a head wind . She was ruining in a north-west directien , ; her proper course being due east It was exceedingly cold . We had several ft » fl showers . Many vessels were in the channel , several of which passed ns , towed ; by steamers , bound for New York . Several steamers offered their services to tow us into port , which were refnaed . However , it was at length agreed that one of th 3 m should take the cabin passesgers ashore . This was at dusk . I took the opportunity , and got into Liverpool about nine o'clocfe , at which 1 had great cause to rt-joice , as I learned when the ship came np next morning , that the Captain and others had gone ashore and taken spirits on board , with which many got intoxicated ; and dancing , singing , fighting , and the most riotous and disorderly conduct was kept np dnring the night ¦

      This evening I called upon several friends ; and after a sound sleep on shore fe . t much refreshed . SaTDRDay , 22 nd- —The ship had jnst got into port when 1 went down this morning . . Mr . Woodman got a cart and three strong men , and had thu luggage taken to the place of inspection , which is called the Depot To save expence and inconvenience , and delay , luggage ungbt to be examined before it is taken , from off the ship , as at Boston . We bad to wait a- considerable time fur our turn ; and had to have it carried into s place and opened and searched , then to put up again and return to the cart This occupied the whole day , till evening . Sckdat Mobjsixg , 23 rd . I left by the first train tor my friend O'Brien ' s , at EecleB , where 1 spent a pleasant day .

      MokdaT , 24 th . —Left for Manchester : bv the first omnibus for that place , attended to some business , and arrived at home in the evening , after an absence of fuui and & half months .

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      gotten a passage for nothing , and are so called , because they feed and wait npon the ducks , henB , piga , cows , &o ) . We had not so many passengers as might have been ; but the room is generally apportioned to the number , so that we were erammed together as dose as could be ; and until our boxes , &c . were a little sided , we had scarcely room to stir . On Wednesdays one of the passenger ' s wives was taken ilL and in the course of the day was delivered of a chDd . : Yon are aware what state the passengers are gener ally in for the first few days , sick as can be , and

      tumbling about in all directions . They were in this state when the woman-Tell ill , and scarcely a female in the ship able to hold her head up . I bad thought that E migrant vessels were compelled to take a surgeon out with them ; and that , in such a case as this , some notice would be taken of the woman by the captain . But nothing of the kind happened here . The woman was compelled to doas she could , assisted by one of the passengers , a young man , who had had seme practiee as a surgeon , but was afraid of undertaking a case of midwifery . However , the child was born , and in less than a week after , the woman appeared ? thestoutest of ber sex in the ship .

      Nothing particular occurred after this for several days . We continued to get along at a fine rate , with the wind fair , and blowing rather strongly all the time On Thursday 23 rd , we were sadly put about at our end of the steerage , by the mate coming down and ordering ns to remove our boxes from whero wo had them piled , one on the top of the other , and Ceiling iu their place five or six great ropes which nearly filled between decks , and almost completely deprived us of room to stir . Satubdat 25 £ h—Very stormy . The cook , a coloured man , who slept dose beside me , when getting up about five o ' clock , am ., said it was " blowing like de berry debiL" Some of the sails were rent this morning , aud

      one of the sailors fell from the rigging . His leg -was dislocated and other parts considerably bruised . The sailors were all quite busy and dare not leave to attend him . Some of the passengers carried him to the top of the hatchway , where he lay for some time , the captain taking no more notice than if nothing had happened . At length one or two of the passengers assisted our young Doctor in getting his leg into joint again , after giving him a little brandy to deaden the pain . He was afterwards carried into the steerage , and two of the passengers left their berth to make room for him . there feeing no place m the iforecaatle fit for him . He lay there until landing , some of the sailors occasionally coming to see klm : but the captain , I understand , never once asked how he was .

      On Monday , the 2 Tth , one of the passengers died about one p . m . tHe had been ill of consumption somt time before leaving America , where he had lived about three years ; and his brother was attending him home to his native country , ( Ireland ) . Soon after he died they dressed him in a clean shirt front , and his brother , a Catholic , commenced reading over him , and continued a considerable time . Soon after daylight , two of the sailors were sent below to prepare him for burial . They were riot long in Bewing him up in an eld sheet ; after which his brother again commenced reading , when he had done , they carried the corpse on dock ,

      where a board was placed , one end on tie bulwark , and the other on the end of a waterbreak . On this board they placed the : body , and , after filling an old potatoe poke with stones , and tying it to his legs , the captain appeared with a book in his hand , and commenced reading the funeral service . When he arrived at that passage , " Ashes to ashes , and dust to dust , " the board was lifted on end , and he slid into the water . Nothing particular occurred after this until our lauding . 1 remember yon complained sadly , on our outward bound voyage , about want of convenience ; but this ship was ten times worse in that respect , though it was one of a regular line of packets .

      Many of the passengers agreed to draw np a paper on the conduct of the Captain and want of convenience in the ship , which all would willingly have signed , and which was to be published when we got ashore ; but , as we had very little convenience t « write , and all were anxiously looking for land , determined never to go to sea again in such a vessel , it was neglected , and after landing soon forgotten , The only place Xbat we had as an apology for a " petty , " was a part of & tub , Btuck dose to the bows of tbe vessel , tinder the "boatswain ' sforecastle" ( I think that is its name ) , a place not four feet high : and to get to

      this we had te scramble over the windlass and two or three anchors , which made it impossible for any female to go , and likewise many males . This caused us to have dreadful work in the steerage ; but the Captain cared nothing for what we endured then . He scarcely ever left the quarter deck , and never once looked down the hatchway . ; The coals too ( a lot of slack ) were stuck in one of the most unlikely places , a dark hole that bad beea a sailor's bunk ; and we were not allowed a shovel to lift them , bnt had to scratch them up with onr handB in the best way we could ; and with the same tools threw the ashes overboard .

      I am fcure tha interference of Government is strongly required for the protection of Emigrants , to see that vessels taking such have sufficient room and convenience . I dare say they think sufficient has been done by a late Act of Parliament , which compels Captains to take on board a sufficient quantity of provisions , and to snpply each passenger with a pound of bread stuffs daily . This makes it worse than befera They are generally supplied with bread of an inferior quality for which they pay an additional passage money and which hardly can be us . d . I saw several that had arrived in New Yurk , by the ship Siddora , who were compelled to throw all they got of the Captain overboard . J remain , Yours , very sincerely , To Mr . Pitkethly . Rube&t Anderson .

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      one signature to a petition , or one vote , electoral or legislative , tot / orward the Repeal of the Union !! Mr . O'Connett states that which be must kaow to ba false , when he charge ? us with tyrannically ; opposing any meeting tettjng place except for our own . purposes . It will be sufficient j refutation to point to ; the innumerable meetings that are now being held ia England in support of the Repeal agitation . Ask the Sheffield Repealers if we have ; opposed their ineetingB ? Appeal to you * countrymen in this town and they will tellyoa that we set them the example of holding meetings in support of Ireland ' s ( Legislative Independence ; that without waiting for them , we took up the gauntlet thrown dowa by the tyrant aristocracy , and were the first in Sheffield to raise tfee ; gathering shout of «? Repeal and Justice to Ireland . '"

      The second charge is , that at one time the Chartists avowed physical force . That Chartist leaders have maintained the right of the people to reiiist force by force , we will not deny . Nay more , that they may have maintained that the means which an Q ' Neilt , a Wallace , fa Tell , and a Washington , scrupled not to employ to liberate their respective countries were quite as proper to be employed by Englishmen as by the people of Ireland , Scotland , Switzerland , or America , we are not ashamed to confess . In page 442 of the Ration . ia a description of the " Volunteers New Card . " We should liko to know whether Mr . OCjnnell feels scandalized at the portrait * of : the Irish monarchs and

      chieftains , given on the said card ? We have not heard that Brien , the Hew of Munater , or Hugh O'Neill , the hope of Ireland , the terror of England , the conqueror of Clifford , Norris , De Burgh , Bagenal , and Essbx , " fever scrupled to " avow physical force . " We request Mr . OConnell to read an article in the last Nation , beaded " The Morality of War . " He will find some good sense therein . Lastly , we request Mr . O Connell a attention to his own speech at Cork , and the speeches of others of the . Repeal leaders , whieb , ¦ whatever may be intended by the speakers , is rtenominated in ; this country aa rank . ' " physical force" by the enemies of Repeal . Mr . O'Connell should remember that it is not safe for those who live in glass houses to throw stones

      . But we have committed the heinous offence of petitioning for the return of Frost , Wiiiiams , and Jones , " who were found guilty of high treason . " Peha ! so were all the patriots of Ireland , -who dared to defend their country ' s liberfiba , from the inva 3 ion of the Norman Barons down to the reign of Castlereagh , guilty of " high treason" ; in the eatimafcioii of English tyrants . Y ^ s ; but FroaJ , Williams , and Jonea were duly tried , and found guilty of "high treason . " So was Robert Emmett ! and , had that unfortunate but immortal patriot been spared by hiB executioners ; if , instead of murdering him on the scaffold , he had been banished to New South W ^ lee , a , llow us to asic , would it not Lave been the duty of every truo Irishman to have petitioned for Emmett / a restoration , thsugh , he had butn found guilty of «• high treason" ? To be guilty of "high

      treason' " against tyrants ia to be guilty of the noblest virtue of humanity ! Our fervent prayers are that Irishmen may never more bo bunted through the world as traitors , or punished on the scaffold as rebels ; but we warn Mr . O'Connell that success or failure makes all the difference . The patriot triumphant ia a " giorious revolutionist ; " but the patriot defeated is a " traitor . " Does Mr . O'Connell know that theTory press writers are denouncing the Repeal Bgitation as " treason , " and calling for hia punishment as a " traitor ' f Heaven forbid that we should ever have to petition for banished Iriabiuen ; but if in the book of fate it should be so written , English Chartists will not j be unmindful of their duty ; and in the meantime we beg to assure Mr . O'Qonnell that \? e shall continue , as heretofore , to use all constitutional means for the restoration of our unjustly expatriated friends .

      Mr . 0 'Council ' s third charge against the Chartists , is , "thbtthey are the greatest set of blockheads that ever existed , "— his reason— " that they are not satisfied with obtaining their demands by degrees , but insist on obtaining the \ whole at once . " Mr . O'Connell nour calls the Cbartist 8 "blockheads , " though he has said that , "He who is no ! a Chartist is either a knave who jprojlts by the evils of misrule , or a fool upon whom facts arid reason make no impression" ! As to pur refusing to take our demands by degrees , it will be time enough when we are offered part of the Charter and refuse to take it ( aa a mqansef getting the rest ) for Mr . O'Connell to abuse us . In the meantime " the Charter , the whole Charter , " is our rallying cry and bond of strength .

      A number of influential persons have lately joined the Ropeal Association who are avowed Federalists . What if ; the Federalists were to abuse Mr . OConnell for cramming the whole Repeal down their throats , and for not agitating for less than entire R . peal ? Mr . John O'Coimell's doctrine , that if forced t *> take Federalism , the . Repealer would do so but only as an *¦ instalment , " jwhile they will agitate only for total Repeal , ia good . The Chartists have never auid they would refuse a part of the Charter if forced upon them instead of the whole ; but they would be "blockheads" indeed to agitate for leas than the entire of what they conceive to" be bare justice , Mr . O'Conncil says we are weak . The best answer to that is , that the Rspealere in England know the importance of our co-operation , and are happy to have and thankful for our aid .

      Mr . O'Connells' last charge that the Chartists are Tory tools , or ia the pay of ! the Tories , we will not deign to reply to . The calumny is too silly , too Whiggish , to be treated seriously . We fling it back with the scorn it merits . We have done with Mr . O'Connell ' s speech . We pass by the letter of Mr . Ray to the London Repealers on which we might have commented , but that we think the columns of the Nation may be be better occupied . Aa to poor Tom tkeeie , hia ravings about " miscreant Feargusites" are beneath even contempt

      We have one fault to find with the Nation and but one . That is , the wholesale denunciation of Englishmen under the term "Saxon . " The Editor of the Nation must know that the term is altogether misapplied The first invadero and deaolators of Ireland were Normans or the direct descendants of the Norman banditti The Saxona had been previously reduced and snbingated before Ireland was invaded under Henry H ., a Norman King . jSonie of the wisest laws and noblest institutions that were ever established in any nation were the work of the Saxona ; but these were all violated and trampled on in England by the Norman spoilers long before ; the invasion of Ireland . Would that we had Soxen justice instead of Norman oppression in the present day !

      Why should Englishmen be denounced simply because they are Englishmen ? Mr . O'Connell , according to his speech at the DrOgheda banquet , has but one million . of enrolled Repealers , 'though , he demands three millions to achieve bis object Can he then afford to make enemies where he should be gathering up friends I Why not act upon the sublime sentiment proclaimed by Mr . tGrattan , at the above banquet : — " We hold out the right hand of fellowship to all without distinction of weed ; and we are willing to make up past differences with the English ? " We can assure the Editor of the Nation that hearts panting for Ireland ' s redemption beat not more fervently in the breasta of Irishmen than in those ot teas of thousands of the much abused English Chartists . One ] word more . The sympathy and assistance of Americans and Frenchmen is courted and received with thankfulness : —yet the former are the defenders and tolerators of slavery , and tho latter allow of the

      existence of a despotism scarcely less hidoous than that of the Russian Autocrat . Even the bloodstained Orange faction , —the Clones aB&assina , and Dungannon wreckers , —are courted by Mr . O'Connell to join the Repeal agitation ! All—all are welcome but English democrats , whose principles teach them that " where one nation is oppressed all are oppressed ; " and that " men of all countries are brothers , and the people of each ought to yield one another mutual aid" —Tiiey are excluded , slandered , and spit upon 1 The man wko seeks tojperpetuate religiousanimosities is a monster ! and 'he who seeks to uphold national antipathies is but little better . ' In conclusion we beg to assure our Irish brethren that caHninny shall not de er ua from the performance of what we know to be our duty , but that to the best of our ability we are determined to aid and assis' them by all legal and constitutional means in their glorious strusgTo for the Repeal of the atrocious Acs of Union , and the restoration of their Country's freedom . ' GEORGE Evinson , Chairman .

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      HARMONY HALL . LETTER XVI . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Siitj—I have , in this letter , to cm induce some remarks on the Preliminary Charter , set forth by Mr . Owen ; but before doing so , I must refer to the letter of Gracchus , iu this day ' s paper . 1 again admit most freely the defect of electing the Presidents , and shall be glad to have pointed out to me how this can be avoided ; but tho uiff-reiict betwebn the election of an individual in each totality , to form the centre of the Association ; and that of having a number , however well-infovmed , who may be most conscientiously of different . opinions , as to ifce mode in which tb > -y should proceed , must be , ulmuted o > Gracchus to be very different .

      A reference to my letters will show that the society I propose to establish will be universal in its objects ; and it is utterly impossible for any aociety to proceed on universal principles , unless all is done in a spirit of unity . This unity will not admit of the differences of opinion which must inevitably result from elected councils . The more powerful the minds , the more likely are they to neutralise each other , and prevent an advance being made . Gracchus gives a list of checks aud preventives which are , I ! too well know , moat ; necessary at present , even

      among those who are professedly associated for the highest and noblest purposes ; but the times will so-m imperiously demand far more trust and confidence to be reposed in those who shall lead ua from the misery in which all are now involved , to that peace and happiness which may immediately result from one t-trong united effort , bavirg . ihe happiness vt all in view , directed by persons well acquainted witn tht tcioucea of human nature and of society , acting in thit unity which these sciences will ensure , under one strop § and vigorous mind .

      I atu well aware that the -subjects I am to ticpt uf , and tiie manner in which , as y , \ Tia of ouu fcxtat and comprehensive design , I am obliged to wriu : of Uieni , mayxinJer me , lor a time , dJfieu-t to be undn-t' od ; but as the subject progresses , 1 have strong hope vf r « n <

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      dering it so clear and [ intelligible to those who will attentively peruse these Betters , that we shall soen see a clear and distinct path before us , which will lead to the happiness of all . [ In the meantime , although I write for universal principles and universal objects , I am well aware of the transition or intermediate processes , through which nieQ ' s minds must j ? ass Before a desire for them wilj be general . But we ljve in ! no ordinary times ; the events of years are now crowding into weeks , and even da ? a . Old things are passing away ; and what appears powerful to-day , is to-morrow weak and without strength . The human mind ia now being greatly expanded , and the confusion of existing arrangements is very evident The rulers of the people are in many respects far behind them in intelligence ; and when the great body shall shall have learned how ] to organise their strength , on sound principles of equal justice to all , they may immediately begin to enjoy everything necessary for their

      comfort , well-being , and ! happiness . If we look to the events of the past week , we shall find that there are very strong indications of the Government being unable much longer to carry forward the common business [ of the country ; and I would seriously ask whether , as friends of order , we are at all prepared to advise what shall be done for our own preservation . It may be well to ask for such changes aa shall prevent our being longer under the guidance of those who are incompetent to direct our affairs ; but have we provided , or are we taking the necessary steps to provide , any who shall do better ? The state of Wales appears likly soon to be as troublesome as that of Ireland ; and if the present stagnation and gloom , which bangs over many large branches of our trade , continues ( and there appears little prospect of a favourable change ) we may expect such convulsions as will not fail soon to be strongly felt tkrough every portion of the social fabric .

      I must not , however J continue longer to digress ; my business now is to revert at length to some points of Mr . Owen ' s Preliminary Charter , and show their relative importance , when eompared with other objects , which now engage the public mind ; and I shall , therefore , commence with the first point , namely—National productive employment for all who require it . | The first duty required , of whoever undertakes the administration of the affairs of this country at the present period , is to find [ national productive employment for every individual within it who requires such empldytliettt ,- and this may be Immediately done , at good wages , with tbe greatest possible advantage , both to the eraplpyers and thejemployed . Many of your readers will , I have no doubt , be very much surprised at this assertion ; and wonder if it be true , why such a measure is not adopted : but a little reflection wilt soon point out the reasons . National employment , however desirable , ran only be introduced in connection with other measures of vital

      importance , without which it would tend to increase that financial embarrassment which is now producing such an amouni of misery among all classes . Let us look , however , at same few national works , which might immediately be commenced , to give those who require it employment , and at the same time produce advantageous results for all . 1 st—Tbe whole country should be forthwith surveyed , as onu great estate , by the most practical and intelligent minds , with the view of ascertaining the extent of its capabiliiies in every respect , and the manner in which thesej may be best developed , in order to provide for the wants of all the inhabitants . This survey to be quite irrespective of the . present mode of living , either in towns , villages , or country residences , as these may all be gradually superseded by far superior dwellings , combining jthe advantages of all , which in due time all would desire to remove to .

      The survey should also include the estimating of all private property , whether lands , houses , stock , machinery , or any other ] description ; which should be duly registered , and if required for national purposes should be paid for at good full prises . 2 nd—As rapidly as these surveyors could report , which by fixing on some central point of operation , and taking cate to employ all the practical men . who aje disengaged , under one superintending mind , as the chief of this department , might be in an incredible short space of time ; it would be desirable to place upon the land , as nearly us possible in such occupations as their previous habits have fitted them far , all who are unemployed and to give them such remunerating wages ,

      aa should make them good customers to those who ate employed in the other various branches of trade , whilst they are engaged under the instructions of tne chief surveyor in carrying out one uniform design of providing a new and superior state of existence for man , adapted to the improvements made in every department of science dnring tbe last century . Under this Burvey . j agriculture , gardening , mechanics , chemistry , in fact every science must be carried to the highest possible extent , for the new arrangements j and the chief thing tb ' at will be wanted to accomplish the work will be an additional supply of labourers in every department . I 3 rd—Having a clear intelligible plan or system on

      which to proceed most advantageously and economically , the people on the land should keep it continually in the highest state of order and cultivation ; and to turn the natural advantages we possess to the best account , we should next proceed to build superior dwellings for the whole population . These dwellings in tbe same manner as the cultivation ] of the soil , should combine the highest inventions off tbe age ; and should be so constructed as to contain Jin each family , such numbers , as Bhall be beat adapted to be systematically employed to produce wealth ; to distribute the -wealth justly to all when produced ; to train or educate every individual from birth to death ; and to govern all on terms of equal justice to all . 1

      It would be easy to proceed enumerating other works by which national employment could be given ; but as these would occupy not only the people of this country , but of any others thatfhave an idle population ; and as tbe commencement would give an immediate impetus to every description of trade , I defer from pressing a portion of any subject ] that must be self-evident to all who reflect : and I would here ask whao is the impediment to the task being immediately commenced ? To this I Teply , nothing but a want of unity in the public mind . The advantages to every individual must be so apparent that none can seriously contemplate the proposal without desiring to see it effected : but every

      one will begin to cry out for its being done in his own peculiar way ; and it is here that my friend Gracchus , must , I think , see the advantage of having no election in practical matters . Here is a plain simple plan of giving employment of the most beneficial , healthful , and delightful character to every individual who seeks it—he may have plenty of wages in order that [ he may create a demand for those who are now clamouring that we may bo allowed this or that mode of producing cheaper , and of exporting to every distant country while our own people are- ill fed , ill clothed , ill lodged , ] and have a gloomy prospect for the future before them .

      Some will perhaps ask , " Where is the money to come from that is to pay the wages ? " and in due time it will be for me to shew this , which is ua easy as any other portion of the subject . In the meantime I will nab the impatient , " cannot paper , or any other material , equally as well represent labour , er fixed wealth , as gold and silver ? " The representation of wealth is the only value of money . | Others may perhaps say , " Are we to wait for the completion of a national survey which ia only to commence after our present rulers h ; ivo agreed to grant one ? " To this I would reply we should wait for nothing . Let us use every exertion , biit let it be made in the pursuit of great , noble , and universal objects . Whilst we content ourselves with [ petty , triniug personalities , or in pursuing short-sighted and partial measures , we shall find that misery will advance with far more rapid strides than we shall find means to avert it If on the other

      band , we can proceed at once to the universal ; see in every human being a [ friend and bjotber ; and let every thought , feeling , and ! impulse , be directed to the promotion of the happiriens of all , them , and cot till then , will man begin to know in what hia individual selfinterest truly consists . Btifore the surveyr to which I allude could be made , nothing would fce easier than for the Government to promise the purchaaejat remunerating prices , of all th » various descriptions of wealth that may be produecd for a certain punad ; and ia ever > locality , they tuay readily place upon the land I in uny manner locally convenient Chos « whe atu not otherwise provided with employment . It wouid be pleasant to proceed at much greater is

      length with this buHccS , but my usual space now filled , and I dislike iu .. king my letters tediously long ; but I would here remark , the desire for being employed is natural to man . If beneficial employment be always atcomoiand . it will I most rapidly improve the habits and manners of all ;| for nothing is so iien : ructive of sou . d morality as idleness ; und nothing could bj more economical than for jthe Government immediately to take such a business" aa 1 bate now recommended in hand wit&out delay . One thing ia certaia ; tbe heavy pressure of necessity is upon us , anu something must apeedily be done . . If any of your readers havu a better pian before them , no one will rt juice more ] at it than 1 shal : ; in the meantime 1 will continue to point eut other portions of this , us I think it one that may easily be carried into effect . j

      I am , Sir , your obedient servant , J William Galpih Harmony Hall , Hants , June 24 , 1843 .

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      It is these reasons and opinions thatfhavtSuctuated me in my opposition to Mr . Galpin ' s Imperial President , vested with despotic authority . Fellowmen , I flatter mjself that in the course of my former lettera I have prodnced arguments sufficient in favour of onr dearest principles of democracy to convince the carelesB or the waverera , if any such there be , of the necessity in all societies of acting thereon . There may be faults in a democracy , more or less ; but they may ba removed by a sound educationof every child in the state : for when the people know the right

      they will do it . A nation cannot have an interest in doing wrong . A faction may ; a party may . Where a party governs , they are for the most part interested in doing wrong ; in educating the children wrong ; in maintaining party and class distinctions . Their assumed or acquired power over the many will beget this inclination to wrong ; a ^ rovring inclination ; until , as in our country , and inuted all ethers , -wealth , honours , find influence are in tha hands of the few , and labour und destitution tbe lot of the many . Right and wrong are soon reversed . Wrong is made right and right wrong !

      Yea , brothers , a democracy will partake of tho . faulta of the people . A monarchy of the faults of the monarch . ¦ An atistociacy of the faults of tLe i . ebiiity . A < clas 8 representation ( or extended oligarchy ) of the faults of the electorial class . The first win be interested in well-governing or bene * fitting the majoriiy of the nation . Tht- second in benefiting himself and hia body-guard of minions-The third , themselves and dependants , and hired bravoes . The latter , in benefiting themselves at the expense of all the others . ButT as the Monarch and Aristocracy may be too strong for them , they will fall on the weak , and make them weaker still .

      Therefore , a nation that is cursed with a Mongrel Government will have to endure all the horrors of the worst of hells upon earth ; whilst the triple-beaded Cerberus guards the gate ? , and glouU over the : r torments . ' A representative body will of course ever be a rtfles , to a considerable extent , of the electors : tainted with their faults , and timed with their virtues . But , generally , men of no mum capacities ; for the most ignorant do not choose tfae moat ignorant to represent them , or to do their business . On the coutrary , they generally choose those tney think more " larned" than them * selves , or possess some extra ability suited to the work they want done .

      There will , no doubt , be men in all such assemblies far in advance of the age in general intelligence ; Such men will find their brother deputies checks to their extensive desires and projects ; and perhaps necessarily $ 0 ; for , in some instances , if they backed their plans , they would not be doing their duty to their constituents , who could not comprehend the advanced plans , and * who would therefore mar the work , which would thua become so much dead matter , and , for the time , useless labour . These hiyher int&lig&tcts cannot become leaders of the people . ' But they may be pioneers , hailing tbe people onwards !—great spirits , whose lights shine , but cannot be penetrated by those of their generation . '—spirits who cry " come on . " Tfce multitude hear , and gradually , but sJniost imperceptibly , move towards their better views .

      But such men must not , therefore , be given the power to ruletheir less intelligent fellows , SEEING THAT THEY CANSOT CONTROUL THE MIND ; for by fiuch veated power they would destroy their own natural power—* - the force and weight of their teaching ; that power , which by its silent secret workings , makes them great , and their labours ultimately triumphant . I am prompted to these observation * by the information given at tbe Congress of tbe Rational Society , by one of the members , to the effect that they would not have entertained the idea of such a form of government as Mr . Q-alpin advocates , but for the purpos-e of retaining Mr . Owen's services to the Society . Now , if tbia be the reason , or one of them , I must ( in Parliamentary phrase ) call it a " dangerous precedent" to entrust

      power to an individual because we respect him or love him ; power , which so few mea are capable of wielding without begetting a love cf power . How unwise to break through the gulden rule of self-government , ot general government , which years and ages have shewn to be so necessary to all associated people , and return to individual or party authority , which history hath proved so dangerous , and the cause of so much evil to the human race ! Verily this appears to be ' * advancing backwards , " a 9 Paddy would say . It is with much pleasure , however , that I reeord the fact that them was a strong party of democrats in the assembly of Social Delegates , who maintained the necessity of Congress appointing the Council , and opposed to vesting the Pissident with the power of dismissing them .

      Aa politicians we Lave professed and tnughfc the immutable truths of democracy in opposition to the erroneous doctrines of ( monarchy and aristocracy . We have battled with the right diviiia of Kings , and tbe vested rights of nobility ; and have acknowledged none other rights than those that are founded on tiuth and justice . It was the successful teaching of these doctrines ; the great party we had created under their influence ; the willingness , zeal , and industry , of our nmntrous advocates ; the readiness with which they bazirded their liberties and lives in tho cause ; the trials and troubles our party have endured : and still stood firm to the

      cause , —a strong phalanx rendering futile ail the attempts of Government to put them down ; it was all these things , together with the fact that we had lived through so much persecution ; through a Whig and Tory crusade , carried on to annihilate our party : it was all this that I recorded as " evidence of a proud position , " and not the barely hazirdirtg our lives and liberties in the struggle , as Mr . G-alpin , in paragraph 6 i in Letter XIV , assumes . But I too , hope that we shall find " an easier and a better mode of accomplishing what all of us desire "; and therefore do I aet forth the necessity for more extended operations being undertaken by the Cb artist body .

      • Paragraph seven says : — " With regard to the theory laid down by Robespicre , it is quite inapplicable to tbe universal and eternal truths oa which alone I propose that we should form this association ;'' and then Mr . GhUpin proceed ? to lay down that " the rights , the interests , tbe duties of man ate all universal ; and it ia only in proportion as we can embrace this idea that we shall be enabled to progress to that higher and better destiny , which I believe is ready for ua , aa Boon as we can be sufficiently united to receive it . " Now this idea is wbat Robespierre and the democrats of France sought to inculcate , and to establish tfeeir Republic on . It is the very idea on which the Charter is founded . It is what we have been continually teaching ; and if the theory of Kobeapiarre named iu tfeis paragraph' is not

      applicable to the three fundamental truths published by Mr . Owen , it ia surely applicable to this idea that Mr . G . declares so necessary to our just progression ! Indeed this theory of Bobaspierro on the rights of man , is as much a fundamental truth as thoto named by Mr . G . ; and as necessary ta be taught to and acted upon by all nationa as any other truth . There are other fundamental truths necessary to be well understood for the well-being of mankind , to which I shall draw your attention at a future time ; f > r tho present I must conclude by directing the attention of the reider to Mr . Hill ' s announcement among his last week ' s rop ; ie 3 to correspondents , that be is preparing a plan which he will shortly submit to the Chartists , for

      their approval , under which w « may establish a Safe Association , it being enrolled under tbe Benefit S icietiea Act The appearance of this plan I anxiously desire . The announcement of it hath given the greatest pleaaura that I have experienced for some time ; aud t duubt net but the work will be well worthy f our aduptiou . F ^ r this plaa 1 would advise y u , my brttarc-n , to wait and s « e it , before you iK-cMe tho day of the National Delegate Meeting , that tho good may be done at once , aad our soc . « ty placed in that strosg and healthy position so much needed . I rmuaia , Yours iu hope , Gracchi s .

      A Meeting was lately luld iu the Queen ' s yrisoa , Mr . Oastler in the ehair , when it w * i r >* .-olvrd mi ! a subscription be raised to aid the defence of Mr . Lusfoid , who had escaped from 'ho prison , in order to meet the question of the injustice of imprisonmcnt for debt . The assistance of the public for thai purpose is also invoked . . The Mkmress for Sheffield . —It ha . vir . 4 been understood that there was a probability <¦< ' ( he resignation of our borough members about , tho clo ? o of the present sessions , we may now state that their retirement is not likely to take place at present . With regard to the coarse they may take next sossioa , it would be oreotature now to indulge in any anticipation ? . —Sheffield Iudependant .

      Providential Escape—On Thursday week . Mr . John FearoD , painter and paper-ha : )^*' . of rhis town , experienced oneof the most extraordinary and providential escapes from death that we ever remember to have heard or read of , even in romance . I' appears that Mr . Fearon , who had business at Carlisle , entered the railway train nt Miry port ; but , whilst the carriages were yot at a considerable distance from Wigton , bis hat , by so . ™ ^ accident with which we are not acquainted , either fell or was knocked off Mb head . Smarted at the suddenness of the occurrrence , and forgetting tho extreme danger to which he exposed himself , Mr . Fearon made a desperate attempt to catch the hat in its fall ; in doing which , he lost his balance , and was thrown to

      the ground with great violence . An alarm was m-Btantly givenj ' but , before the engines could bo stopped , the whole of the traJn ka ! passed by . On hastening to tho assistance of iho anfortanate gentleman , whom no one expected to s ^ a alive , thpy found him lying quite inssnsibL-, with his bank q'lite close to , and parallel with , the rails— $ 0 close , indeed , that the wheels in passing had cut a strip clean out of his coat , from the collar down to the skirts , one of which was also <> . / pped away . Ia the fall , he had liKewiro iuj'i red : h < - b ? . ''b part of h ;< > head , and c'htr oarti bnt not stri ousiy aa was at . first standin - the apnal tho ivj-irics he enabka to continue

      arnh « ODyto ^ H , in a &rm * mM ^ mnp&i . - * Whitchaven Herald , ^ P ^ T ^ M ^ K

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      ¦ ¦ . i === ^ THE NORTHERN STAR . ^^^ 7 ]

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      Igp In corroboration of the appalling facts here maae public by Mr . Pitkethlj , as to the nature and extent of the accommodation provided for , and the treatment pnrsued towards , the Emigrants on board of Emigrant ships , we give the following extracts from a letter written by Mr- Bebert Andereon , who left Leeds for the United States at the same time that TAx .

      Pitkethly-went out , iwd -who has since returned to and is at present residing in Leeds . Indeed , Mr . Pitkethly and Mr . Anderson sailed in the same vessel oviwards &s will have been learned from Mr . P . 's Notes , it will be seen that Mr . Andersen details scene * of bratslity and inhumanity on board Jits ship home ^ again , which are a disgrace to ihe spedes , and loudly call for strong interference , let ns hope that the publicity thus given to them may draw the attention of the authorities to tbe question , and induce them to devise a remedy .

      On Monday , Sept 13 th , 1842 , 1 engaged a passage 7 j the ship Shtf&eld . Cap * . Allen , master ; we were ha \>' iea into the rivtr that afternoon , a * d , on the following ^ ay abont noon , left Nfw York . "We had on ; boara ' . igLtjtwo steerage passengers , two Stowaways , ( pcj ^ in , who have no money and secret themselves until alu , i thr ship sails ); and tbres or four Jimmy 3 > o < £ s , ( xara who had

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      THE ENGLISH CHARTISTS , versus OCONNELL TO THE HBIT 0 B . OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Patriotic Sin . —The following letter unanimously adopted at a meeting of tbe Sheffield Chartists , held on the 12 th of June , 1843 , was sent to the Nation tor publication . It was posted on the 13 tb , and after a lapse of eight days has been returned into my hands this day , accompanied by a note from a person in the office , declining to publish the said letter as not being advisable because calculated to produce further discussion—at the same time -handsomely acknowledging tbe " kind mention" of the Editor of the Nation in the said letter .

      Deeply regretting that thst gentleman has not seen the propriety of allowing the reviled English democrats fair play in bis paper , yet seeing the necessity that exists of bo far aa possible setting ourselves right with onr Irish brethren , at present too widely misled by the slanders and falsehoods of our shameful calumuitors , I fcmve to requeBt that you will oblige the Sheffield Chartists by publishing in your columns their letter to the Nation , I can tee no evil in a fair discussion between ourselves and our traducers , no matter who they may be : but a discussion which is all on one side ; which allows our accuser not only to do ns an injury , but also most materially to obstruct tbe progress of right principles , is " the very devil" ! a sort of discussien which however consonant it may be with the E Jitor of the Nation ' s ideas of propriety , will , I trust , not be countenanced by the Northern Star .

      I am , Sir , Yours faithfully , George Julian Harke ? Sheffield , June 22 , 1843 .

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      THE CHARTISTS OF SHEFFIELD TO THE EDITOR OF THE NATION . Patriotic and respected Sir , —It is with inexpressible pain that we address you on the subject of tUft letter ; bnt justice to ourselves , and justice to that cause of 'which you are tbe talented , eloquent , and dauntless advocate , forbid ns to be silent We , the Chartists of Sheffield , have for some weeks past been in the habit of reading your excellent paper . With delight we have perused your soul-stirring appeals to tbe soul of Erin , to " remember the days of old , * and stxWe like men for the restoration of their country's nationality . With feelings indescribable we bave read the accounts of the magnificent Repeal gatherings , and the magic eloquence of O'Connell ' s orations ; and onr hearts heaved with joy at the anticipation of the bright future in store fer Old Ireland .

      Mr . O Connell had repeatedly libelled and most unjustly assailed ns ; but the moment we heard of the threats of his iind his country's enemies , we rt solved to throw ourselves into the beat of tbe conflict . an ("» t © bury in the grave of oblivion all past differences that had hitherto kept us and our Irish brethren divided . Our actions have been in accordance with ouv resolves . We haTa held two or three meettngB weekly , almost solely for the discussion of Irish grievances ; we have held two large eptn-nir meetings at whir ' . h we adopted petitions to both Houses of Parliament , protesting agaim > t the dismissal of Ireland ' s pop ' ular magistrates , mu ) against the passing of the moirritrous Arms Bill ; . » o bavb adopted an address to tb / j democrats of England , urging them to aid and assi / . t in the Repeal agitation : in sbwrt , we have done , ' are doing , and ( despite Mr . O'Connell ' s calumnies ) wi ' , 1 continue to do , ail that in onr power lits to help « our Irish brethren in their glorious struggle for liberty ' s triumph .

      The Chartists througbo ' at England and Scotland are pursuing the same conrsr . of true patriotism . And what is the return we have met with ? The strangest caln&i ' jjes , the most stupid slanders , heapf d upon its by the great leader of the Repeal movement , Mr . Q ' jcmnelll In proof of this we need only refer your readers to tbe speech of Mr . OC . at the Corn EjLeh » - flge reported in you paper of Saturday last . Mr . 0 Cornell ' s first charge against tbe English Chartists , ' ^ that "they are more outrageous tyrantsihem tie Gover ,-menl r pf the Irish Lord Chancellor ; " for they lyraunfcaUy oppose any meetings taking place except for their- oum purposes .

      V , e suppose Mr . OConnell alludes to our opposition to the Corn-Law Repealeis . We have opposed them , ' jecanse their agitation is a humbug . But we have opposed them by fair argument and beat them by the force of convinced numbers . We have never used violence , though the most dastardly violence has often bein emplojeil against us . We point to tbe scenes enacted in Stevenson ' s-square , atjri the Hail of Science , Manchester , for proof of tais ; wb > r . Irishman were set on lo assault and wt / und English Clrartisrts by the ruffian Corn-LawRepeal&rs , who would not give qhc shilling ^

      Untitled Article

      THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY . THE CHAKTIST MOVEMENT . —OUR PfiOUD P OSITION . TO THE ; CHARTIST PUBLIC . Brothers in Bondage —Seeing that all the nations »; f the earth' bave beau ill-governed by monarchies , o'igsrehies , orjaristoeraees for ages of thsir existeDce : swing that under them the n *' eful masses have been eiislavrd and oppressed by the nse ' . ess few ; » &uing that too power of this few mu-t have firs : begun in small thiuira apparently necessary , and extend by little aiifl little , through the simplicity uf the rainy and the crafrintas of ttie few , ; ee ' . i > g thut such hath bt-en thu winnings and stealthy elulT .-. of power oac « acquired ,, 1 . think wo should clrefuil , qui ; st'on the i > ec » s-: " . y for vttetu ; . ; power in the [ hand » of nny man or body of men : and ere we * ive pother to osir ofticor-i , be s « r « ttrst that we bave power Butfjcient to check its . uudue extrcise .

      ot his body ; so - an-. ' . ci ^ att-ii . [ n fact , notwithliug uaiurc of T . hft accident , and bad sus : v . ued , Mr ^ F ^ aron was , hi * j ^ aa&j ^ aSTjfeROW ' . we rt « of l \ i 3 body ; bnt not so seni an-.: ci : > ati-. l . " [ n fact , notwithing iiaiurc of ? . hft accident , and ad susy . ued . Mr . F ^ aroa was ic hH j ^^ lS ^^ OSfS ™ ' £ K- $ -m * S - x ^ i ^ i ) is

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 1, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct808/page/7/