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Northern Star (1837-1852), 22nd July 1843, Edition 4 of 4, Page 7

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      " EMISBATIQK 1 > BSEByATIOlfS CO 3 ? 2 « ECTED WITH 2 &R . PHKEHELys * TGDB . ( Conivmedfrom our Last vxelc ' s japer . J jSSlSVCXJ OTiS A 2 OS CAITTIDSS 30 -2 HICHASTS . Ifcere can he so objections Io persona of Treat constijgHons going out , as many have thereby been restored jjiealiij ^ rho haa beenlong in a lingering state when jlhomej and old persons often feel tbemselvai imjaoved ; ss to those -who are sstbm&tical the rarity of ike air in the States -reiy often effects a complete _

      Seeing jnpljetter mode , I will begin -at home ? and , as liverpool . jrflie : principal port from which emigrants pneeed , ! "will confine my obeerraaona to Uiatjwrt alone __ frfnle ^ bsy , ia > great measure , -mil apply So iTery port In the United Krajdom)—Iaverpeol being mast contiguous * " ^ nTiTrffj jGhpsft ^ Tfi , Wales .. Salop , Stafford ^ parbY > and 2 fotfchigkamsliire , alBoWestmoilMd Camiedand ; acdmsny travel to lhat port from all other jaits of England , and also from Scotland and Ireland , alihmighTesselB sail to 2 fe-srYork , BoBton . PMIadelphia , ssd . other ports in A-mprlea , from l ondon , Bristol , pjymonthj Hull , and 'Newcastle * in England ; leith jusa ^ Sbagow , in Scotland j and Cork , Dablin , Belfast , and other ports in . Ireland .

      As amatter of comae , Brery one Trill males the most of ereryfhing before leaving home , reserving only such srtides as may be of tte greatest use to them on tbe-rcyage , or after landing ; and it wonld be well to place any eomddez&ble inm of money in the hands of bobib ispntable merchant "who may fears an agent at the fort Trhree it is Intended to land , taking as order to Tecelve it on arrival ; or if any bank wonld gm as « rder at small charge , it -would serve equally ¦ welL I only fear that too few wBliave muck to spare after paying their passage sad having a little to meet -onsToidaible expences on Unrtfttg After pl&cmg junr lnggage in the hands of someieyntaSle carrier , always largain and pay the carriage . Thin will be found the cheapest -way .

      Arrangements being completed at home , yon proceed to Manchester , take the river boalirom 2 ? ew : Ba 3 evljndge , the charge being 2 a-f or each adnltiehfldren half price ) to lirerpool , where prrrate lodgings and meals may be procured ? rnnoTniipftiiv in seme of the streets adjoining the Prince * * or Waterloo-docks . Ko Sme should be lost in obtaining as advertising BBWspaper , from whichiaie a list of all the abips bound for the port to -which ; you intend to sail ; and sometimes it may ie veil to fcaie tboss for Boston or PbiZ&delpMa , as yen jmght find It advantageous to-go to a neigh-Jounbg port , as ths ship may be less crowded , or of a superior class , and at a lower fare , as was the case with myself in sailing for Boston instead of Kew York .

      "jFhenytKi ha-re got your list completed of all the snips , jndwhilethey are lying in the seTeral docks , hasten to lint fiTery one or them by ^ oing on board , and asking jachqaestion as you deem necessary ; and should any passengers be on board yon most ascertain the amount they ha Ye paid asjEBw ^ -rfjicli-wai be a guide for job aide office . After taking the round in this T"V"ty > , you laving ihs agenfs name for each ship , proceed to eraej office and make : the laeessoj enqniries as to fsres , aBdeTerything else ; -when you have done this , reSecS and consult , and jeturn to that -office which is learest your wishes , and try to make as faTourahle a bargHnasyou caiXjleariiigiio one , and pushing about la & 2 wM and business-like manner , never forgetting flat you are surrounded by land-sharks In iheahxpe of sen , and sometime ! boys , and eren females , some cf whom will tell you that they are just come in from

      inch and such a place , and are on the same errand as jDsnRjf , while their sole object is plunder . Some -rQl proTess to 1 » agenta for certain eompanles or ships ; andtiieywm tell you they can procure yeu the cheapest paoage in the best ship—they can find yon the cheapest and best lodging—and 7007 provisions they can supply iBueh better and cheaper than any one else . The persons on board ihe ship ; you -rint , and all along-die docks and streets , ; and ; even thB persons where you loSga , win fay £ o pluck 70 a of some extras , by introducmg you to aprovision dealer ; or others , and then they hare an handsome allowance out of yeur money . Ton must watch every one of-ttiose , and others , -whom to attwnpt to describe is in Tain . Hear -what they say , but rely en nothing . Shake off tie Tnltures , and look out Jar ^ yourselves at the head of every establishment , and at no other place .

      "What are called iheliners , or packet ships , are gene-TfiTly * iftA fka f p c ^ jewalp-TR ;^ « nfl iiaTiixglead xay ioni , you ¦ K HiaTeleaTBea . wliat treatment y 0 Ii m&j expect ton lefmranglo enfl » fsrarmhsa ym ha ^ s used the bast posablB means and the greatest caution . Bonot , on any account , pay yonr fareuntfl some person thaTfi Ms name and-put it down ) goes with jouiram tJie omce to the snip , and has your berth fixed « n , and your TOitiaJB put upon it ; and pay the fare no where but at the agenfs office ; after you ha- ? e had the printed form filled up with the number of the berth , and the sun paid , Shonldyou Dot be able to see ^ hls eorreeUy done yourself , getsome person , in whom yonhaTe conBdenee , io do it for you ; and in ease Insult or -violence be afcssm towards jou { as was done towards ilrs . Bradley , in the : eaae I published along with my introductory letter , ) glf e ths person in charge of a policeman ; and go to lieutenant £ finry , or inch person as may fill the office

      of goTemment agent for the protection of emigrants at the port , to whom any policeman can direct you ; and be wiH assist yon in bringing the culprit to jostles . You must be as caiming as a fox and as bold as a lion . "When ytailjare- ^ Wafaied-yoariBceipt , and seen it to io peifdctly ccarect , yon nrust inform ttie agent that ypn are xesolTad to keep it until you reach joar destination ; and , indeed , that it is as much yours as the ncmej which yon hare paid is his . I say this , because it is Sie practice as aoon as the ship goes out of port , to rolkct all the receipts from the passengers ; and then yon are defenceless—yon are open to insult from any one—your quantity of water , wMch is specined in the -TEcapU may be redncsd , and many other adTautages taken with Impunity ; but if you haTe the terms of Q ^ Bgement , you « tT » , on landing , hare the Captain brsagba T > efor » & **> sntlionSies j » Tifi oKain xetiress H&rk thiB well , as it is important .

      Your next bunneas Is to goand hire a donkey cart , or Boms other canTByanee , and haTe your goods taken from the tamers to ths ship . Hafe a person with you when jds make your bargain , which must be a positiye one , orfiieywill by some twist make yon pay three times Sa samiargaiDea for . Stand firm , and they must obey . Xei so one I 37 their Jiaod on a aiogle article bfHoaging to you , 01 they win make you pay too dear for your whistle . I saw a man allow three fellows to carry Ms b ? fa ? e from off a donkey cart to the hold of ihe ship , a disbsneaof about twenty yards , and they charged him the moderate sum of three shillings each—only awe shiltiags ! and the simple fellow paid them seven and sixpence . This is a fair sample » f the sack ; bo that if yon pamit anj of the leeches to touch , they are sure to suck

      lbB ~* ery laa drop of blood from yon If they can . Sememberalways thit the sine > h ^ tT < gn wexe charged and the seren and sixpence paid for a few minutes work ; and ke ^ in your mind ' s eye that those people Btb by plundering the unfortunate and unsuspecting emigrants , and consider them fair game ; » " 4 so callous-hearted are the fiends 4 hatwer 8 they to drain their fictima of the last- 'itotTrmg ibsy Tronld only itjoice in their success , Wllilfi thfi po < a flaeced creatures are fixed for nxeana to carry ihem for ward , « r to tnafele them to return borne ; and you may rest assurei . that many of those plunderers ire in connection with , and harboured and encouraged by , what are termed the respectable offices Sot engaging pssajesfor emigrants ; so that you are never safe but in Jonr own watchfnlness and resolution .

      TRieayoubare got your goods on board you may be able to sleep there , andlbus bstb tbe txpettsa of lodgiej » - and it is needful that you should do so , as gangs ae , ncder pretence of looking for berths , ready to com-* 3 jBbberyj fijerefore yon must isTe eTery moye ^ iHe thing locked npanda ^ o keep a strict -iratch . A fiSeaa . jof mine had bis best coat stolen from on board , ^ Btnzga he bad left 1 b in charge of a friend who JSmamea on board . If yontfo not take a bed with you , you <* n buy one in any abop along-the docks , for one person for 3 s . -they a » cohered wiflti a thin cotton tick , and filled ^ ti&eotton . Sacks , and a pillow of the same material "ttefar two persons can be bought for is . 63 .

      Since I crossed the Atlantic the New Emigrant * * Act las come into force , which -compels the Captain to *^ plySTery passenger , daily , withTOepound of bread » bread stnfi *; that is , ose pound of solid food werjflay ; but 1 baTe iearattat it is often of Tery ° ? ae and otherwise inferior quality ; and it is suppUed * 9 wrt " - « wT regard , to 4 he disordered and sickly ** ° a < ia *| persons on their Sxst ToysfS , nio tr& 3 B ai 9 j" £ imi& diffir » lt to eatsay deseriptioB cf -food , " * -of tts most delicate kind . 1 would therefore *» mnena tbSt for eTery adulb the following be *** BB : — ? b «» , 61 bs . Oatmeal , € lbfc , pasticularly for gruel , which can be *« a when nothing else-can , and when sweetened * Si . a fitOe mgar-is excellent . *** , mm .

      fce » aw&eateabTeaa , € lb 8 . This io be got just before ^^ OB bBSBl ^^^^ aikea bread , 6 Ibs . 3 Ws is done in thefol" ^ S ^ anna . jjai a . ioaf into slices , of about an ™ j *« llnjiiies » , and put them into tfcepTen , or toast ™^ l ** ietore Q » fire , and itey wiU i > ep as well as *« nanStanaaremudimoTe agreeable bofli totbe taste Sr ^™**; when put into tea , or other liquid , n 'eCQme *»» soft , sad tastes a > well as if only done j ^> or barer cake , 3 Ibs . This is for persons who fV ^ feea in aiehabifc of using It , anditauBt be weD ^^ 5 be Irish , Seotch , arid others , frbo -use what Z ?? tt oatcake , take ii in U » same manner as tbey

      vj * - ** . always giving ifcas mncb bakeing as it can " * & _ If U is soft , itii sure to mould at » a . j ?*^ cak « , commonly called " parkin , ** 6 Jbs . Z ?| 5 s Bade of oatmeal andJieaclfl , -witbafewcar-^ JMefls , aaaperbaps a little ginger . It keeps well v ^ J * ^ lUasamt to &e feate , a » d excellent ior -JJie ^^ ^ aogboaimBdicbie aadfoodi ^ *^ Vro or 3 ibs . Of the best iind , or what * % W Abemethy . Jad * eT ^ ?> ZVQa - ^ bose tsn *» obtained mosi fresh Jn | ° ^ 5 iwffljiiB boats which are always to be foand f » tw , i = ^ ong the Glarencs doci . Prowdeabag bTT ***^ lea ^ ng borne . 3 ««? siba , pickled beef or pork -4 lb ^; Im ; beef , — food lea herrings , 31 ba . ; butter , 2 ib ? . ; cbeee ,

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      SOa * beef suet , Slbs . This should ittTBtliealiM kafcenoat , aad put jutoa Jar with a fittte fiaur , ana kept covered , lard , 2 ibs . ; ^ gB , two dozen , rubbed with butter and packed in salt ; white boiling peas , 2 ibs . br 31 b *; surar , 31 bs . ; treacle , 41 bs . ; raisins , lib . ; currants , lib . ; cofiee , | lb . ; tea , Jib . ; ginger , 2 cz . ; pepper , 2 o | 5 . ; oranges , onedozen ; lemons , balf-a-dosen ; apples , one dczsu ; onions , 21 bs . ; ^ rinegar , on » bottle ; porter , one or two dozes ; a box or two ef opening pills ; two dozen of powders ; a bottle of castor oil ; a bottle of peppermint ; a little salts and senna ; Peruvian bark , ' a quarter of an ounce ; a little mercurial ointment ; soap , 21 bs . ; candles , lib . ; a tin lanthorn , as the candle must be kept enclosed when lighted to prevent accidents by fire ^ which is " ? ery proper . A few lucifer matches , which must be -well secured from air and damp , or they -will soon become useless at sea . A lash and . small tooth-comb .

      ^ d Let { he wife take her best china with her , as it ¦ will be -worth double , when landed , to what it is here . ! A number of the articles aboreenumerated may seem unnecessary . Some of my fellow passengers told me , before we got across , that they considered I wished them to waste their monty on trifles at Liverpool Their minds bad , however , changed , and they were , -very thankful for my advice ; and not one in a thousand will refuse me the same , however light they may treat the matter when on shore . !

      Arrange so as to have as little cooking as possible , the accommodaiien being exceedingly bad , and the passenger is often ill-fitted to do any cooking , especially when the -weather is rough ; indeed many cannot attend to it at alL It -ought to be observed that the only place for second cabin and steerage passengers to cook is at a large grate placed upon the deck of toe ship , and generally you have a considerable distance to walk or scramble to it , often on a wet slippery deck -with the vessel ieaving and laid ssnch on one side , so as to render it dangerous to go along witbout anything ; then 3 m * g 1 nft bow much more so it will be when carrying a boiling kettle , or other utensil , full of cooked victuals : and -very frequently bb many are waiting for their turn ; and being really , or imagining themselves wronged , brawls and fights often ensue . I have seen the most deadly weapons used , and serious Id jury dose in those cases . ;

      Ship ^ s cooks are sometimes allowed to cook for passengers ; when it is so , the charge is from 12 s . to 18 b . for each individual . "Wnatevtr engagement is made in this case take care not to pay till near landing . ; The open grates for cooking axe alwajB fixed sear the bows of the ship , and Tery often breakers swell over and drench the whalo cf the cooks , and sometimes " spoil the broth . " * ' Ham , meal , flour , sugar , tea , and such things as are sot convenient to be prepared at home , may be procured in Liverpool , as "well as anywhere , by looking round and finding the proper places ; and thuB ihe carriage and trouble will be saved . Flour , oatmeal , bread , an £ biscuits , of the best quality , are kept at a warehouse in the first turning to the right after passing through

      Cleaveland-iqoare , from the Post-office . This is the best place in Liverpool . There you can also obtain ATtiBriam flour barrels at sevenpence or eigbtpence each , and with a small lock , which may be purchased for sixpence , will be found the cheapest and best tray to put up your provisions . - Next comes the necessary implements for cooking -with , -vessels for water , fee . You will ascertain when you take your fare what is the daily allowance of water '; and you must provide a Teasel , or vessels , to contain that quantity for each person ; also a tin wash-hand basin , a quart tin boiler , a tin plate or two , two pint tin cans , teapot , and covered chamber pot See that those are well made , and strong- What are generally

      boughs In Liverpool are of the worst material and " stack together in the most temporary manner . They are like Pmder ' s razors , made to Bell ; but when pnt to use they go to pieces ; the handles not unfreqnently coming off while emptying them into the sea , when they sink to rise no more , whereby great inconveniences arise . It is therefore necessary to have them of f ood material and well made . A respectable man who would keep a good article and might be relied on , would succeed well in Liverpool , as a tinner . You will require an ironjpan , tinned within , and likewise a frying pan ; you ought also to take two or three pint basonaand jags . JInch crockery is apt to be broken by the heaving of the ship . Take also a knife and fork , and a table and tea spoon or two .

      Where a few are going out together they can have five pounds of tea , the same quantity of coffee , and filty-ils pounds of sugar , duty frte ^ or at talf the usual price , -which Is ef some consequence . Five gallons o ! brandy can be purchased for three shillings and sixpence or three shillings and nine-pence per gallon ; a little of which is very xuelal in sea sickness . Every one ought to have a few changes of linen , and a few coarse towels ; and females ought to ae furnished -with drawers , as tbey sometimes sleep in upper berths , and might be otherwise . exposed . Clothing to be worn on board ought to be clean , but unfit for wear any - ¦ w here else , as no place am be mare destructive to good clothes . ' .

      The person , the clothing , the dishes , the floor , the bertha , and every corner and crevice onght to be kept perfectly dean . Nothing is more essential to health and comfort than pure air ; and should vermin of ai > y kiml be discovered on man , woman , or child , mercurial ointment ought to be instantly applied for their extermination ; and should the itch be discovered oa board , prompt means must be taken to prevent its spread . . Every male ought to furnish himself with a cap , as a hat in very inconvenient at sea , and apt to be blows off The clean appearance and healthy condition of the passengers on thbir arrival in port is of great conse quence ' , for if they appear filthy and are diseased , they are detained until all is clean and healthy , or according to law for fourteen days ; while , if they are clean and healthy , they are landed immediately , which is a great relief .

      It often happens that fares are lower to St . John ' s , Xew Brunswick ; St . John ' s , Newfoundland ; Quebec , and Montreal ; cut unless the passenger intends to settle in the British possessions , or in the vicinity of those parts , the txpence of travelling by the cheapest and best route to the Far West , is often greater than the difference to 2 ? ew York . The ships which are sent to those- ports beibg generally engaged to take borne timber are often very slow , and not unfreqaently crazy old hulks ; ' and to the St . Lawrence , in particular , the pas-Eage is more dangerous . .

      To Sew Orleans is a longer passage , but it is often made , by the aid «! trade winds , in about a week more than to New York . Emigrants bound for LouisaniBj A-rVnp'm * . Georgia , Albania , Uissonria , Iowa , or the Wtstern part of Tenessee , and the Sontbem and West-i era parts of Illinois and Wisconsin , may find this the cheapest , and , perhaps , the most pleasant way , as luggage is taken off tbe stop and carried on a boat to the steamer at New Orleans ; -frith the passengers , and pro-: ceeds op tbe river to the nearest point of their destinasion ; ind ihe fare for 1 500 miles , or more , in the steerage iwitbout board ) is only about five dollars , or one pound . When a number of mariners have joined and chartered a ship , I am informed that they have befcn taken from Liverpool to the ciry of Nauvoo ,: the city of the prophet , Joe Smith , about 1 G 00 miles up

      the Mississippi , f jr fifteen shlHuigs each , "which appears scarcely credible . Sometimes two pounds has been saved by taking this route . However , no one can be safe to land in those swamps , crowded with enakes and crocodiles , and tbe cEmat * : being excessively hot , before tbe end of October . Snould their means be limited , there is almost a certainty that employment for mechanics , artiziM , and labourers can be obtained here , during the winter months , at fei ^ h wages ; and provisions being low , they will be abie to recruit their resources , and ba prepared to move northward in tbe spring , and before the hot weather sets in , and thus keep moving towards s colder climate . At this time tbe best vessels begin to ply , -while the fares are generally reduced in consequence of tbe opposition , whicb is always tbB greatest at this season .

      On landing , the Emigrant feels himBelf at a loss ia what manner to proceed against the captain , tbe owners , or agenU for the redress of any wroDg that may have been doDe him on tbe passage ; and this difficulty is aggravated by tbe rnle of tbe agents at Liverpool taking the rec < ipta and terms of agreement from tbe passengers after getting out of the dock , which leaves them without aoy written evidence to show upon what terms they ( the agents ) bind themselves to conv * y the passengers across . It is therefore essential to the ends of Justice that the nefarious practice of dispossessing the em'grants , after being on board , of their papers must -be stayed . 1 will here give a copy of a receipt which was in the possession of a gentleman , named therein , on board the ship Sonth Anierica , on bis return to England , in order * a show the nature of the receipt and also to show , that the shippers at the port of London from whence he sailed , have not resorted to ibis trick : —

      ( COPT . ) " London and New York Packet Office . •* St . Catherine's Dock , " August 6 , 1812 . •¦ Captain Hibbert , of the ship Quebec , wfll please fnmifch Mr . Thos . Hitchcock with one berth , fnBl , and waiei in the steerage for tbe present voyage . " AH luggage at tie risk of its owners , and no money returned . -M ^ " ^ VKBDOi ,. " " Phillips and Tiplsdy , sworn Brokers , 3 , < 3 eorge-yard Lombard-street London . "

      The above ought to have specified tbe daily quantity of water to be tnpplied ; and to this e- » ery passenger ouebt to pay particular attention , as itis often reduced to bo small a quantity as to cause great privations and sometimes disease . The berth ought also to be nun > bered , and tbe receipt filled up with ths number , The broker ' s signature is a ^ uaranteefur the fulfilment of the contract . The passenger ought to see that the terms are pTcperiy specified upon tbe paper before payment of ths fare is Blade ; and -srien they have received it , it is , ss before observed , as much their property as the money is the property of those to whom It has been paid ; and I hope that no one will deliver it back , but regain it as their written agreement ; and should the terms not ba fulfilled , it will be received as evidence , sbculd it be found nfwsary to app ? y fer Tedress of any grievtccc befort the rBagsitra' -es at the j . ort where tbev may land .

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      It will be found difficult to procure cheap and good lodgings , J would therefore suggest , by way of remedy , that an association be formed for tbe protection of emigrants , having an agent appointed at the various ¦ ports who aUsuld be auder tneir controul , and that publication be made in this country that to such agent emigrants must apply for instructions in all things necessary on landing ; and should the agent so appointed neglect his duty , or betray bis trust , let it be also published and another appointed . The mode of remuneration to be decided by the association . Of course ihe power of the association would depend upon the degree of confidence which the public reposed in the members .

      Could this object be effected , the swindling which would bo prevented , and the benefits resulting tbwefrom would be i calculable- Tbe emigrants would then stop on shore in confidence , as if to meet a friend ; now they are surrounded before they get from on board by crowds of land sharkt , ready to devour one another in order that they may uninterruptedly prey upon their victims . To prove which , I here give the following letters from two of the ! most reputable conveyance agents in the City of New York , and one from Mr . RewcaBtle , of 17 , Front-street , in tbe same city , who keeps a boarding-house , and has therefore constantly before his eyes the conduct of the plundering crewa : —

      N « . 1 . New York , September 30 , 1842 . MB . PlTKETHLT , SlS , —I take great pleasure in complying with your request to give you my views on the subject of " Passage Bunnera , " and assure you of my hearty co-operation in any thing which will tend to break up and destroy the ; gang who infest our city to prey upon tbe poor unwary emigrant Ths surest way , in my opinion , fer the emigrant to avoid imposition is to pay his passage at Liverpool ; for instance , for Buffalo , if that is his destination ; taking core to pay none : ; but responsible men . The consequence is , on bis arrival here , the Runners ascertain that the passage ia paid , and give themselves , or Mm , no further trouble . On the contrary , bis neighbour , who paid only to New York , is pulled and hauled about , perhaps robbed ; at any rate , made to pay much more than the Tegvd&T tstd .

      Those Runners make from two dollarB to six dollars per head on tbe passengers , besides charging them enormous prices for centage , && , &c We carry the passengers to Buffalo for two dollars fifty cents each The Runhfre charge them six dollars , sometimes more . They pay us our price , and pocket the difference . Agents should be appointed at London and Liverpool to state these facts , and be authorized to collect the passage money , -which would save emigrants thousands of pounds in the course of the year ; or if that cannot conveniently be done , ascertain tbe same of tbe most responsible liner , and let the emigrant , when be arrives here , go to the office himself and make a bargain . ;

      Volumes might be "Written on this subject ; and innumerable cases of fraud and imposition cited , bad I time ; and take my word for it , the evil can only be corrected by pursuing some snch course in the old country as I have suggested . Very respectfully , yours , &a , Thomas P . Waters . Commercial Transportation Co . by Steam on the Lakes and Bivers . T . P . Waters and E . F . Norton , aijeuts , 23 , Water-street , corner of Broad-street , New York . J . I . Carter and Co ., proprietors , Albany .

      AGENTS ASD jHEFEEENCES . J . L Carter and Co ., Albany , H . H . Treat , Bufiulo > 0 . A . French , Dunkirk . Chard , White , and Co ., Cleveland , 0 ., J . Bowe and Co ., Portsmouth , O ., ' J . Fleeharty and Go . ^ Huron , O-, Peckham and Co ., Toledo , O ., M . Wilson , Detroit , Mich ., Bristol and Porter , Chicago , 111 ., Sleight and Gould , Mich . City , la . Mark Goods Care C . T . ; Co ., ' and ship by Scbuyler ' s Line , Pier No . 3 , near the foot of Btoad-street , daily , at five , p . m . "

      Commercial Transportation Co . ' s General Passage Office . Three Boats leave Albany daily . Passengers forwarded , without delay , to TJtica , ! Cleveland , O ., Rochester , Detroit , Mich ., Lockport , Chicago , III ., Buffalo , ; Toronto , F . C . O $ wego , Pittsburgh , And all parts of tfee Western Country . Waters and Norton , agents , 23 , Water , Corner Broadstreet , New York . " No . 2 . New York , Sept 30 , 1842 .

      JdK . PlTKETHLY , SIB , —In the few words I had with you this morning , relative to tbe impositions practised on emigrants that arrive atthia port from foreign countries , by a gang of known thieves , pickpockets , gamblers , and the lowest class of mankind called runners , I promised yon an account ef a trick played on a passenger who paid bis fare in this , office , te go by the line I represent in this city—the Bail-road Express Line , The facts are simply these : —The man got his receipt in the morning ; and before evening , some of the runners had persuaded bun that there 'Was no BUCQ line , and

      that he must have another receipt from \ nexn , as theira was the trne ^ fflce . Well ,: he thought to make sure of a passage , so bought the second ticket by a eanal line as he supposed ; and in doing so tbey robbed him * I the ticket be bad from me ; and I saw him at Albany , next morning , required to see his receipt , in order to give him rail-road tickets , when to my surprise , and his cost , he told me tbe runners had taken it from him . This 1 b only a single case out of thousands ; and this man wan one of the migrating Yankees from one of the Eastern States .

      I am happy to contribute anything that may have a tendency to pnt down the evil and fraud practised on strangers by tbe runners , as I have reputation in common with the agents of the different forwarding lines in this city . lam most glad to see the , good work so -vigorously commenced by yourself . As for the passage prices , they nave been as follows , through the greater part of thin season : —One dollar from AJbaiiy to Buffalo , for each passenger ; this low pries is in consequence of opposition ; the regular fan is one cent per mile , on the canal , and no board , or two cents , per mile , with ! board ; though many are taken for one and a half cents , per mile , board included ; and I will carry all I can get at this low rate , this season , and there are other good lines that do tbe same thing .

      CANAL PRICES TBOJ 1 ALBANY . Holes of Passage as ihejr are . To Buffalo , 1 dollar 00 cents . Luggage , OOlbs . To Rochester , 75 do . T ) o . 70 de . To less distance , 75 do . Do . 70 do . The above you will readily see are prices by which every line must lose money by , for tbey pay on each paa < Benger to the State 33 cents , as a duty cr tolL

      Rates as they should be . To BuSklo , 3 dollars 50 cents . Luggage , 75 Cento . To Rochester , 2 do . 50 do . Do . 60 dp . To Syracuse , 2 do . 00 do . Do . 50 do . This is the fair living price , and in no instance have I taken more from any passenger , either this or any preceding season . Now I will give you the prices and route of the line I represent , and the advantages over tbe canal lines ; from New York to Albany , ' by regular passage steamboats ; from Albany to Schehectaria , by rail-road ; from

      Schenectada to Syracuse , by light freight packet ; from Syracuse to Rochester , by rail-road ; again from thence to Bnfialo , by railroad oi canal , as the party going may chose . You see at a glance that I get my passengeib to Rochester in three daya ; this being in leas time than they generally get to Schenectada ; and the reason is , tbey go in tow-boats from New York to Albany , and from Albany to Schenectada , round a distance of twenty-nine miles , with twenty-nine locks to pass the greatest number on any part of too canal . This ia no fiction , as you know , having travelled the toad yourself .

      I will give you a list ef prices , by my line , with the time from each place to tbe next Time . Cabin . Deck . hours , dol . eta . cts . From New York to Albany , ... 10 1 50 60 From Albany to Sthec rail-road 1 0 50 From Schenectada to Syracuse canal . „ ... ... 46 2 50 From Syracuse to Rochester railroad ... ... ... 6 2 00 F . om Rochester to Buffalo canal 3 C 1 00 Detention to shift at the diSwrenfc — —

      points , one hour each , .. 4 7 50 650 103 Here you have all I could get on this sheet , wbicb your friends may rely oa as being the true statement . Respectfully yours , John P . Speeb , Agent . Railroad Express Line , - via steamboat , railroad , and canal , for Utica , Syracuse , Rochester , and Buf&lo , and to all ports in Upper , Canada , saving six days through , in time , and the ehespest and moat pleasant route , at canal fare . £ gf Gosd Accommodations for passengers , and light freights carried . Apply on board the steamboat Washington , foot of Robinson-street , or to J . ' P . Speer , and Kellogg and Blasson , 100 Broadstreet

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      nIwVoA ^^ ^ P «<*»™ 1 to * the rogues at whHe thS Sf fe 4 pUftM ' * eTen m ? « t 0 Buffll ° i wnnetneypay little mow than two , sometimes less , andatother-tiraea nothing at all , andithey hand tee gang of swindlers too at Liverpool act in the same nnI » n ?« h ' J - P «* 'Pa ** out in a plain manabTyife ^^^^^ T ° S ^ if ; r ^ m ^ M one dollar and fifty ^ S 5 ? »^ fL tbat l Ea S ^ h halfpenny passes for . aud 2 ? f ?? nn * ^ M a « nt , and that a dollar Is T , 5 £ * * % ' thero * to Ut ^ difficulty to read and understand the table in this letter . | It will be ¦» deratood tbat the figures 1 , 00 is for fare ,- & 0 for tbe £ ^ rirT ? - Og l ? £ - Wei « W » v ! b nectary to be particularly noticed , as the charee is exerhitant for

      an extra inggaga when the fare is solowi ; the emigrant ^ L ? » ft ^ ^ * 8 a « ' W kind , before he pays , and tu n * it Included in his fare , or he may find his fare doubled , or perhaps trebled . This would notbe excessive for « o great a dtetanci but it is the 5 ^ L e u \? oneito 80 far M liifcIfl ^ possible . See &X * ^ f « y ? twvel ^ water or by railway With a deaTof luggage it is beat to go by boat . Light freight Implies passage boat , fn oontradistinown to heavy luggage boats . * - fS l n my v 1 tytol ' otttforlnfotmatioa I obtamed muc& , but | consider these two letters sufficient guides on the passage to the intermediate towns and to BDffalo , wnicb is the great line by which nineteen-twentietns of the emigrants travel to the west

      From BufialotojMilkwalkey , Bicine , Southport , or Chicago , the fare by the best steamerB ia ; lor the cabin , With provisions , fifteen dollars ; in the steerage , without provisions , eight dollars . Provisions can be taken on boara at starting , and can be bought very low at most of the wsoding stations . Fares to any of the ports between Buffalo and the places just named are charge * according , io the diatanca Fares may be taken firem Boston , or New York , direct to Chicago , or any of ths ports on the lakes west of Buffalo ; but it ib necessary to know that the steamers from Buffalo go the extreme distance of 1 , 060 miles in four and half days ; as some of those by which they would be probably forwarded en the lakes might occupy double that time or , more . The time , and the expence of provisions must therefore be taken into account

      My kind friend ; Mr . James Spencer , of Buffalo , would be glad to furnish all with the best information , and also with good bread and groceries , at bid baking and grocery store , in Lloyd-atreet , Buffalo ; and he would enable the emigrant to avoid the land / sharks which have commenced their knavery there as at New York . . ; ¦ ' : The following Btatament is from Mr . John Rewcaatle , formerly of NewcaStle-uptm-Tyne , who for a number of years has kept the Boarding House , No . 17 , Frontstreet . New York : ' !—

      After leaving Liverpool in disgust , from the manifold impositions of their own countrymen , expecting better treatment where man ' s equality is acknowledged as tbe ground of their institutions , Emigrants find themselves woefully mistaken immediately on their arrival in America ; but men of prudence and proper caution might easily avoid the manifold snares set to entrap them . As a duty jto my fellow men , I desoribo those that beset them ia New Fork . First ; , ! between the months of April add October , all vessels bringing pasfsengera from any foreign port atop to ride quarantine at a place called Staten Island , situated about seven miles below New Y , otk , and between which places a regular hourly communication is kept up , by eteamboats , charging one York shilling , ( about an English

      sixpence each ) where sometimes a few of the passengers are allowed to go on shore for the purpose ef procuring fresh provisions , &c . They will generally Snd &t this place a host of individuals ready to accost them ; some are pretended agents fox the Hues of boats proceeding to . the Western States , but with which they have no connection :, but are a portion of a set of meu banded together like a crew of pirates , to rob every man who is unfortunate enough to listen to their tales about the respectability of their LINES , dec ., &c The day after , or perhaps two days or more , according to the health of the passengers or cleanliness of the ship and Inmates , they are with their baggage transferred to a lighter or schooner , their baggage examined on a block * by the Custom House officers , and then set

      tail for New Yoik . The captain ot these schooners are generally ( In fact always ) bought by these officekeepers to land them at a place convenient to their office , and use all his influence on board on their way from quarantine to induce them to take their tioketa for Buffalo , Pittsburgh , or any of the Western States ; and from bis apparent candour and impartiality the people seldom suspect him to be interested , although tbe writer has known many of them to receive the sum of thirty dollars for one boat load . Then they are thus imposed on by paying five or six dollars to Buffalo in the taw boatsf from York , in the most miserable manner , on t $ ie canal boats from Albany , while , the actual fare from New York to Buffalo has not exceeded two dollars tbe whole season . The sum may ; appear email for the distance , but it ia more than the amount gene-Tally paid by tbe runners or pretended agents . If they take passengers at all , which they frequently do not ,

      and the sufferers are told by the captain of tbe canal boats , their tickets ore of no use , the ? know nothing of the signing parties ; and of course the ; fare must be re-paid . It is also : a common praotfee to bribe one of the emigrants themselves to take the parties to some boarding house , and from there to one of the offices in question . The only way to avoid the villaina is to look out for the cheapest steamer or tow boat to Albany , and when there to , take the beat and cheapest cans J boat they can find to any part between Albany and Buffalo , finding their own provisions . Another great evil and fraud is with some of the boarding bouses using similar means to obtain customers ; and telling them tbey will board them at one price , and then charging double tbe amount stipulated for . 'The stranger bas no means of escape without a tedious civil suit for the recovery of his baggage , which they will hold till the amount is paiJ ..

      John rewcastle . Mr . Riwcastle recommends that passengers should look out for the cheapest steam boat to Albany ; but acting on that advice exposes every one to the snares of the plunderers—they not knowing where to apply and who to believe . I am convinced more and more of the necessity of a responsible agent , as before mentioned , and could wish that some means could be adopted in erder that this desideratum might be supplied . ( To be continued . ) * A block is a sort of quay , or pier where the vessel lays to . t Tow-boats are heavy vessels which convey merchandise , and two , [ three , or four of them are fastened to one steamer of limited power , and are thus towed up the Hudson river to ; Albany , their progress being necessarily very alow , occupying more than double the time of the passenger steamers . Those boats generally go on to Troy to meet the canal boats .

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      THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY . OUR ADVANCED , AND ADVANCING POSITION . TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Fellow Labourers . —If we have gathered together the scattered farces of democracy—the Paineites , Buntites , Cobbettites , the Radicals of every shade , — -and concentrated the heterogenua mass Into one great homogeneous body under [ the title of Chartists , i . e ., adherents to , and advocates of ; tbe document entitled the People ' s Charter ; in doing this , we have well begun the work for political equality ; and the labour of flye years , with ail its trials , troubles , and expense , hath been well spent in rearing th 6 legion of liberty , whose onward march mast ultimately destroy the Hydra of corruption with its army of oppression . :

      Yet it must be borne in mind the work is but begun ! We have gained a position in the political world ; we have to defend that position , maintain it , and advance it ! As O'Connor haB often said : " We cannot retreat , we must go forward , ; " : Brothers , tbe labour thickens before us ! the wilderness has to be cleared J Every tiny brings with it increased demands for our exertions . Every calamity brings With' it new imposts , inoT . eiu . ed claims on our sympathy and scanty means . j . When we started ; onr working Men ' s Associations , we had little else to do than devise means for publishing our principles and increasing our ranks . Still even then did several of our members think with myself , that a Banefit Society ; was necessary to provide

      against the poverty that might accrue to some of us from tbe advocacy of those principles . The subject was mooted in more than one Society , bnt the majority of our members were too much absorbed in political questions at attend to this most important one of " providing for the body . " , Their langnage seem-.-d . to be " provide not for the morrow" : but surely the poverty and troubles that have overtaken our Association , and the toiling class generally , bath taught us that we should have maue such provisions in 1839 . Again the question ; with a pLin , was ^ submitted to the members of one township : but their minds were so much occupied with the snbject of self-defence against the proclamationattacks , and othei eipectedl attacks , of the ; Reform

      Government , that it was impossible to calmly consider the belter work . Since then , we have been so thoroughly occupied with the numerous trials and victims , as to be unable to devote any timo to any other subject than these immediately connected therewith . But now , that we are emerging from tbe second crusade : against our party and fellow slaves , we can ealnily look back upon the scene vhrdugh Which we have passed , and , recounting our toil , trials , and troubles , our sacrifices and costs , see what it is , that H we have left undone trmt we should have done ; and what it ia ' we have done that we should have left undone ''; and instead of repining for the errors of the pas c , look upon them aB landmarks foi the future . ! ¦ ,

      Who that will enter into tha consideration of tbe sutjetit , but will perceive what a powerful helpmate in every stage of our past progrtsa , a Benefit Society would have been ; and that it is therefore one of the things that we should have dene , but which we have left mutant .: " and seeing that . it is bo , ttitre is none too

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      much time to sjare before we commence this necessary assistant of Chartism . j With a National Benefit Society , let us calculate what would be the advantages t | o be gained in its first stage otabout one year ' s duration , —the time I propose each aBuber shall subscribe before he is entitled to reli c t jTo put the thing at the ] lowest , for the sake of safeargument , we will suppose that we Ret teD towns with one hundred and twenty-kve members , at twopence each per week . That | will bring in twenty shillings and tenpence per week for each town ; or £ 54 38 . 4 d . per year ; being forjthe ten towns the sum of £ 541 13 s . 4 d . per year . Could we not take a farm and stock it with this sum ? andj put several members on it to Work it up to the highest : state of cultivation

      the land would bear ? And could we not get tw&uty or thirty of the small towns anil villages to make up another £ 541 13 s . 43 . per yeaij among them , which would make the Bum of £ 1083 &s . 8 d . Then we could take a larger firm , and stock it pith this sum . Aye , We could purchase a small estate ' , as the Socialists have done ; paying £ 500 towards the purchase money , aud the remainder by annual instalments ; and we could purchase stock with the remaining £ 583 6 s Si . But would not some of our large towns and cities produce more than one hundred and twenty-five members to such a society ? Would not five hundred or one thousand be nearer the complement ? One town with five hundred members would produce £ 216 13 s . 4 d . Who will say that this would not be a good round sum to commence operations on the land with ? and what art ' zin or labourer in

      employ , When be contemplates what great good may be done by the aggregate of those Twopences ; what provision may be thus effected against a ' * rainy day" for himself or family ; but will readily stint himself of Twopence weekly to procure ii ?! . ' Let us put the chief sums I have set down together , and ponder over their total : — 1 From twenty or thirty small towns and villages . j £ 548 13 4 From ten large towns of 125 tuembers each :...... ) . 641 13 4 From ten cities and large towns of 500 members each .. * ........... 1 2166 IS 4

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      Annual Total .. ... £ 3250 0 0 Now , brother Chartists ! would not this be a grand sum to place in the hands of Fergus O . Connor , und T . Duncombe , Esq ., M . P ., and SbVman Crawford , Esq M . P ., wherewith to purchase land for us , as our stewards ? Who would THEN dare to cull us " beggarly Chartists" , or " jack straws " , or " ta « crag " , or any other of the refine'l teima from tbe college vocabulary of the sprigs of wealth that are now so freely lavished upon us ? Aloveall , consider how mans of our starving members we could employ ' > y tbe judicious management of this sum on the land , or other raw material I If we see clearly that so great a sum , or half of it , eould be raised by our stinted pence , is it not worth a struggle to accomplish the task ? Once raised it would make bappy homes for many of our brethren ; and , by their labour be * annually increased to a considerable amount ; and when we bad succeeded in getting the chief part of our brother workies who are

      in employ into such a society , ] we Should be able to employ all our members that from time to time might come upon the funds , besides drawing off a great quantity of the present unemployed that throng the labour market , and depreciate the price and value of all labour . j It is our duty to start snch a society for tba purpose of giving employ to the hundreds jot our brother Chartists who have been thrown upon } the wide world to starve by prejudiced employers for their adherence and advocacy of the cause of Chartism * Shall we continue toiDjore our cause by our neglect of the army of Chartist martyrs ? I It behoves us as Christians , patriots , and philanthropists , to establish snch a societyj for the purpose ul opening a field wherein to give employment and a comfortable home to the thousands of our fellow countrymen who are now perishing in wretched hovels , garrets , cellars , and ia oar streets . We must do this , seeing that we have the power , or be content to wear the badge and bear the title of hypocrites .

      We are bound as mortals , by all the better feelmg of our nature , to start such a society , for the purpose of providing an asylum for the law-made widows and fatherless children of our camp ; the widows , wives , and orphans of those noble , virtuous , and brave soldiers who have offered up their liberties and lives upon th& altar of liberty for their Charter and oar country ' s sake . Yea , my fellows , tbe necessities of the times appeal to all our natural aud national virtues ; to all that is good Within us ; to awaken our mightiest energies , and seek by a union of all the power of our command to remove the cup of bitterness , which avarice , tyranny , and oppression is now making our order drink to tue very dregs l j The Land it is evident is the only means of escape from the dire scourge that now J hangs as a noisome pestilence over our once happy country . The Golden Plague , the Iron . Plague , tneJFiBB Plaque , hath overtaken us in the world of trade I—the Plague of

      Faction hath filled the Senate house , the judgmentseat , and the justice-hall ; from j this combination of Plagues , nature ' s broad fields is tbe only help < 1 ! The men of tbe New World cry out " the fire machines are fast overwhelming you ; go to the land" ! We , of the Old World reply " the lire machines have overwhelmed us ; we want the Itmd . " Out untiring friend , 0 Connor , saith " the Land is the uemedv , " and shews you " how to get the land ; ' and your humble follow labourer hath , in these letters , sought , by his poor scope of language , to point out " the road to the land , " and to rouse your energies to commence the journey !

      Tha Socialists , many of them , nave gotten on the land ; a body ot men much smaller than the Chartists , and not a tittle richer ; and what { is to prevent a large and important body , such as we are , from getting land ? Surely , nothing but perversness ; and surely we shall not be perverse 11 What 1 shall the Socialists he " Landed Squires" and we be Landless Knights " ( mites ) I ! Common sense forbid it ! Shade ofCoBBETTl acaro us frem such [ foolishness t Hunt , arise and teach us bow to live f and until we have thus learned , may hope support j Your anxious brother , Gracchus . f

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      HOME COLONIZATION . LETTER XlXl TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir—The subject of my letter for this wetk is an important one : "The abolition of all existing taxes aud monopolies "; but it must give way a little whilst I refer to what is of atill greater moment fat the present crisis , and which occupies the chief por ion of your paper of to-day , namely , a sound Organizit on of the people . 1 have already written so fully respecting this subject , that I should not make any remarks on it at present , but for the comments of Mr . Macpherson , ol Aberdeen , which indicate that ; I have failed to make myself clearly understood by him , 1 fear this may have been the case with many others .

      Mr . M . says , " That no extensive support con ba got to any scheme which is net under the effective control of the immediate supporters ; or in other words , that tbe expensive machinery necessary for conducting a central Zii national movement will not be supported , and more especially jit such centralized machinery be placed under the direction of an irresponsible head . " j In this sentence there are two important misconceptions of my meaning . J First—That I wish to rejaoye the effective cour trol of the movement , from its immediate supporters , j Second . —That the President , by being placed at the head , would be irresponsible . I

      With regard to the first . Whenever a sound Organization shall be formed on truly correct principles , in which tbe leading parties shall be actuated solely by the desire to promote tee universal good , and these leaders shall have gained the experience Which enables men to distinguish between theory and practice , talk and action ; when they shall have had their beings elevated to an equality with their dealrea and hopes for their fellowmen , then will they eo ; n be enabled to lay before the public sueh plans as shall , by theirj general benefit , and easy practicability , attract the confidence and early support of all . | It is of such an association only that I bave written ; and whenever the people shall b ! s sufficiently alive to tha union of the selfish with the universal interest of

      man , they will not fail immediately to seek the latter , as they will find that it is much easier to obtain the universal than any fragmentary por | lion . This however , can only be sought after in proportion as men ' s minds con be elevated from the low and depressed condition in wbicb all bave hitherto been placed ; and although at present an Organization different from that which I may most strongly desire may be adopted , no one can rejoice more than I do at the progress we are all making towards the right end . | It will be remembered that I placed tbe selection or election of the president , treasurer . jand auditors , locally and generally , in the hands of the members ; and proposed that they should be at all timeB free to change any or all of these officers whenever their conduct appear to require it I

      With respect to the president of [ such a society being irresponsible ; when the subject shall fee viewed practically , nothing will be fonnd to I be more erroneons . The responsibility that will be fixed upon him wfll be , that of carrying out tbe principles on which the association shall bij formed . It is true that up to this period , in numberless instances , leaders have been found in . adequate to the position they have sought . Many have , when power has been centered inlthem , forgotten the objects for which they have associated . Bat these things cannot be productive of much evil if the main body are

      intelligent It 1 b fat better to allow the powers and faculties of any man , who becomek sufficiently conspicuous to obtain such a position , to ] be fully developed , than that- be should be thwarted and counteracted by thosa around him ; or thatbe shall be allowed , in case of failure , to throw off his responsibility upon other * , and say that but for them he should have acted differently . An enlightened people , —and none others -will seek such objects as I propose , —will bsW diaeern whether their affairs are being rightty conducted ; they will give confidence fully and generously whilst it is necessary ; they will not tbink of impeding or frustrating the viviws

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      of tbe president for tbe purpose of exhibiting their own eelf-importance ; they will try by every suggestive and other mode they can adopt to support and strengthen him Cor tfta attainment of their mutual object : but if these things fail , tbey will then in a spirit of kindness and love tell him tbathe is inadequate to his task , and must give way to some one who is better qualified for the position . Tbe time has passed when even in the irrational manner in which the affrirs of men ure now conducted , any person can long retain a leadership for ' which he ia unqualified . Public opinion is now too far advanced for an evasive policy to serve any cause . Men love t&o truth ; and if it can be proved to be conafstecr with the » seif--. &tereat it will soon bo eupported and made tslurapb&nt . Let the Association then be based oa the three great irutijs : —

      1—That the character of man is improved ot otherwise by the circumstances by which he is surrounded . 2—That he bas not the power to believe or disbelieve at his pleasure . 3—That he must love or hate according to the impressions made upon him . Let the object sought be the well-being and happiness of every individual of the human race ; and let sou : d practical meaua to obtain this object be placed before the public at the present crisis , , and a . power ehall be immediately evokfcd that will soon silence all the personal pretensions of individuals to retain the presidency of each an Association unless they are tbe most fitted that can be procured . I find that I am pursuing this subject at greater length than I intended , for which I offer as an apology

      its extrtue , importance ; but as many opportunities will yet occur for my again reverting to it before the Organ ' zition will be formed , and as I am irell aware tbat we bad much better take one tvea .-. less complete , if more . adapted to the public taste , I shall not press this matter further , but leave it by saying that I am extremely gratified at seeing the attention it is receiving in your columns , —as I am confident the day ia fast approaching when the people must be prepared to auopt the udvice givea them by Sir Robert Peel , and " take their affairs into their own hands , " or they will find that the increased powers and inventions which are i- ' aily being brought forth and plaeed ia competitition with them , will render the lot of man mistranle beyond conception .

      T < i revert then to the fourth point of the Preliminary Charter , the abolition of all existing taxes and monopolies . What can be more rational than such a course , and what more easy of attainmsnt ? We may see what can be done by a sma . l body of men , tne Anti-Corn Law Leage , whOB ^ ehjecfc is to remove one single impost , which impost is the eupposed main stay and support of tha majority of the nibinbera of both Houses of" Parliament . But for the indifference with which this movement is looked upon hj tha people , and the dislike they have for the promoters of the measure , tha Corn Laws could not be held even through the present session . What then can ever be long withheld from

      the united voice of tbo majestic people , seeking the welfare and happiness of all ranks , classes , sects , and parties , and ready to support that peace and order which will soon be beyond all value , to those poor beings who have hitherto been taught to consider themselves the great ones of the earth 1 Where is the opposition to come from that will be enabled to resist , or tbat will attempt to resist , the abolition of all existing taxes add monopolies after a property tax shall have been agreed io be substituted ? The measure may appear large and startling at first ; but it will soon ba found to be bo easy , practical , and advantageous , that ail will soon wonder how any other system could ever have been supported .

      Look at the present complicated and enormously expensive manner in which the revenue of this country ia raised . It would really appear as theugh" every inventive faculty of man had been brought into requisition to torture and annoy biajself and to prevent peace or happiness being found in sooiety . Instead of developing the immense resources which are continually being found to exist for promoting the general happiness , every impediment tbat can possibly be thought of is thrown in the way of producing wealth ; and when production does realty take place in spite of every obstacle , then all the power that society can raise ia brought together to prevent an equitable distribution .

      Take , for instance , the great leading articles of consump t ion in this , country . Tea , coffee , sugar , spirits , malt , and tobacco , which are all hemmed in by most fearful and terrific imposts ; and the expences which are necessarily incurred to provide for the continuance of these imposts are beyond all estimate iu money value . The most fearful and disorganizing passions are excited by the attempt made to smuggle and to repress smuggling ; whilst the frauds caused by desiring to evade duties , are sufficient to ruin , every individual vtha has any thing like the moral sense of desiring to act in accordance witU that which he is obliged to declare it is honourable to perform .

      The delinquencies which are aaily being brought to light of the uiaooer in which some frauds are com * mitted bear no proportion whatever to those which still avoid detection . Could tha people once be fairly roussd to a sense of the manner in which many who are called honourable men are obliged to act to retain their positions , they would soon take cars these things should nt > longer be . By tba abolition o £ all existing taxes and monopolies , an immense number of persons who are unproductive !;^ employed , and are consequently living by the exertions of otoen , would be enabled to give their attention to the producing of those things necessary for the general good ; and your readers wiii have to remember that in the aystam I am treating of there will be plenty of

      labour to jvjrforra . W « shall have all the lands not enly in this country , but in &ue and progressive order , of all the habitable globe , to survey , map-out , aud cultivate to tbe ver ; highest point which the daily increasing intelligence ur' the science of agriculture will permit ; —ue shall have to well drain those lands , aud to direct the water courses from the source of each river , through the whole of its extent , in such a manner that it shall irrigate , fertiiiz-i , and ornament the laud to the highest point of utility anil beauty tbat our finest minds in this department will be enabled to suggest;— we shall have have to carry horticulture , botany , and genetb . 1 gardening to tbe highest point of perfection , to supply superior fruits , flowers , anU vegetables in abundance , and to give to every individual those refined tastes which will

      assist him in advancing to that superior state of existence which the daily increasing inventions of the age now shew may be easily attained by all , when the pe&ag of man Bball be cultivated as it ought to be , and would be under rational arrangements . We shall have to find the localities of all the various metals , earths , coals and other requisites for general use , and the manner in which tbey can be supplied with the greatest economy of time , labour , and capital , that they may be plaeed bbundanlly within the reach of alL We shall have to lay oat and make a system of roaas best adapted to promote the most rapid and friendly intercourse among all people ; end we shall have to erect superior dwellings for all , on the plana beet adapted to suit their governing intelligence and taste .

      It Would be easy and . pleasant to go on enumerating many other things that will require onr attention when the present rude and irrational manner 6 f performing the affairs of life shall be superseded ! bat I see my usual space is filled . There is one thing however we iBu&t never forget , whku is , that this business may immediately be commenced if the people will it ia unity . Unity will never be obtained until the people determine on placing their individual wills into the hands of the person who may be found the most competent to carry forward the mdvemesi , ; nor until they are thQHZBelves sufficiently enlightened by experience to discern when thosa in whom they may confidu shall deviate from the principles on which tbe Association shall ba formed ; an those atone will render it possible to obtain the object that is to be sougLi .

      We may , however , rejoice ard be exceedingly glad at the progress which is now making . Each day , each hour , teems witti events of great importance to tbe human race ; not a moment should be lost is preparing ourselves for the great and mighty straggle which is to arise , trhen the imiivuiuai aud selfish nature of man shall give way to his desire to promote the universal good . I am , Sir , yonr obedient servant , William Galpin . Concordium . Ham Common , Surrey , July 15 , 1843 .

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      THE NORTHERN STAR- I 7

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      I number those letters for the purpose of reference . No . l speaks plainly for itself respecting the cormorants which the emigrant must expect to meet on the other side ; but I confesithat a difficulty exists In -Hiy mind with respict to carrying out the proposition of the writer or paying the fare not only to Kew York hut to the Far 'West . It certainly would prevent tha vnltnres from preying upon them at the lauding place , but without new arrangements among the shippers it could not be done ; while the proposition I have before-mentioned of having an accredited agent at the port would be much better . The suggestion of having protecting and directing agents . it Lvndon , Liverpool , and other perts , I cordially u ^ ne to ; ami feel assurtd xaai incalcuiable benefits would be tha result .

      Untitled Article

      Robbert on a Railway . —Information vyaa given on Wednesday week at the Leicester station , of a robbery that hua been committed upon a lady whilst travelling along the London and Birmingham Kailway . The lady in creation was returning to Leicester , when slie found , upoa feelina for her ticket , that ahe had been robbed of £ 40 . An engine was immediately despatched to Rugby , where it was ascertained that the party suspected had tak ^ na ticket tor liamptou , and-tbence to Derby , at which station he took auother ticket for Rugby again . Ihe engine continued its course , and cama up with the train at Loughborough , following it to Leicester , where an examination of the passengers took place , and the lady identified one of them as , her late fellow travellerj whereupon he was searcfied , aad tha whol « ot the missing property was found upon him . The lady oonjeotnreB the robbery was effected in Kilaby tunnel .

      Isthmus of Panama . —At a la * e meeting of the Acadamy of Sciences at Paris , M . Arago made a communication of the step 3 that havo been taken ^ towards the great work of cutting through this Isthmus of Panama , which has been so long talked of , bnt which many persons have regarded as chi « nericaJ . According to this communication , a contract has been entered into by Mwjsrs . Baring and Co ., of London , with the republic of New Grenada , in virtue of which the republic is to cede to thotn tbe line raquired for the projected canal , with 80 , 000 acres of land on the two banks , and 400 , 000 acres in tl ) e interior of the country . Messrs . Barm x and Co . bad , ifc is said , fn the first instance , fixed th . ; amount of toll for tho navigation of the can *! at tho exhorbifcant price of 18 P . per tou . hu thay hav * re iucaii it to 8 f . The-work , upoa ivbi ^ h i : » m 4 , 001 ) to 5 , 000 men are to be engaged , iB to be completed iu five years .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 22, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct811/page/7/