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TO-THE £3iH»L0TED
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GRAND SOIREE IN HONOUR OF THF REMOVAL OF THE NORTHERN STAR TO LONDON.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Ht Tjosst » , — -No carcamstaneeias so Brack conduced to the impoverishment of your order as the juegxmsability accorded to gorernments and capi _ ialists in all matters concerning t-he employment of ^ boar ij lSsIflindaaipliilosoplaeisaad poliliea ) economists . Whenever an assault is to be made upon the / wages of the -working man—for now to talk of his jejnainJDg rights and privileges 13 a farce—the lair ' s passage to-file Lo-relis ahrajs pioneered hv some -soodaatnred professing Mend , = who sees in toot habits and mode of life , rather than in the lair ' s inequality or the employer ' s cupidity , all those obstructions which
stand in the poor man ' s road : in short , that , but for themselves , paradise , in the words of Mr . Etzler , is within the reach of alL There is an assumed stmp&ihy and candour in the writings of those who undertake the championship of labour which hare their intended effect npon " all classes of society—eTen upon a large portion of the working classes -themselves . The masters "Brho profess £ b . e largest amonnt of sympathy towards the employed , justify theirreduction of the poor man * - « wages Tipon the feasible preteit that more than mere competency leads to the dissipation of a large portion of that amount which , if expended
upon necessary articles , would be ample for the support of a family—nay , leave a surplus for hoarding . Hence we find the Messrs . Chambers , upon whose damnable doctrine I am now about to comment , stoutlj contending that the greatest amount of comfort is an ineritable consequence of the reduction of wages to that standard out of "which a pinching existence may be eked ; and that a-Tbeyontl that mere existence point is an evIL As the Messrs . Chambers hare contrived to amass 3 Terr larae fortune ont of the pence of the
labouring classes , their recent brutal attack on their own order is in perfect keeping with that return which the ¦ working classes are in the habit of receiving at the hands of these -whom they hsve raised from poverty to affluence ; while the blow aimed at labour , iiroiigb the lamented improvidence . and dissipation of ¦ Qie labourer , has an appearance of candour which , ljut for the now justly entertained suspicion of the employed , would lead many to the belief that the Messrs . Chambers had rightly stated the case of their diente , and properly assigned the catnes of their
dis-1 e speaking of a candid friend , Mr . Canning de-Bcribed the value of such advocacy in the following
lices : — ^ &ire me ike argued , the erect the manlr foe : Bolfl 1 can meet , perhaps may turn Ms blow : Sal-of-ill plsgue * - S ° ^ Heaven , thy wratli can send , Sa ^ e , saTe O sare me from a candid friend : " £ 0 ssv -I - and give me a thousand times over the av © - <> ced and manly declaration of Alderman Brookeli The lj > rd love ye , we are all for ourselves in this world "—in preference to the candour of the Messrs
Chambers , who , with mock sentimentality and affected sympathy , tell us candidly , that that labour is honourable labonr which has amassed £ 90 , 000 by re- j dudug wages to the standard that will enable the ; emp loyer to meet all the haiards , liabilities , and ^ . fluctuations of foreign and domestic competition , Lest 1 may appear to over-state or to mis-state the 1 Case , 1 s ' frn'fl give jou the Messrs . Chamber ? own ¦ a-ords . They say : — I
The obligation to fce ^ p his place in the market , causes -the manufacturer to give as Etrie as be can . His feelings ' . prubaHv -would induce him to gi ^ e everr one a high ; : £ s = e - iex fln ? is a nnccr of business , not of feeling . He-i can onJj gi ^ e ^ traces which Ms neurbonrs—thai is . his ' competitor *—gire . li all otheT manufactarers offer a ' jrorkman , such as vonrself , 20 s . a treek , then I cannot ' -iTe isore . If I were to give you more , and another i more , ixadio on . I could not mannfectnre so cheap ]* . Mj ; p' -aSis , and probably more than my profits , would he aSl * «^ tcu a-na-r . Xo Ti > a-n in his senses Trill do such a thing , i I > ,, n ' : jou ' see they are all competing against each other , i Thev * try to save off every item of expendirurr , and wages smo-ds the Test . j
\ ow what doe < the reader think of that ? ana coming from one of Labour ' s friends too ! 1 can very xeadSl-y believe -thai ft ^ eEnc has nothing "to do -with j the question , and that all i ? matter of business , even _; inih Messrs . Chambers . A long standing puzzle is , j however , solved by the above admission . Many persons j ¦ srere st a loss to- understand how the English manu- ; iaccarerslsaYe ^ been enabled to amss large fortunes sramltaneoTisly with , the existence of the poverty of that class whose labour , we are told , constitutes from ; 43 io 99 per tent , of the value of the manufactured articles in which they deal , and from the traffic in -winch they have become inordinately and dangerously
rich , as if bymagic . "The problem is nt ? fr solved , however . The ' Messrs . Chambers hare opened oar eyes , and lave reEeved us from all Astonishment . From -the above paragraph , taken in connection with many other passages of the Messrs . Chambers' candiddefeEce of the Trorking classes , we- learn that the honourable labour of the capitalist , which is act-ampained by so much anxiety and mental torture , con - ^ 5 ts in the arithmetical solution , as to how far losses may be sustained upon all other materials used in iaainnactured articles , and still a balance may be left in favour of the manufacturer by a reduction of
wases . ~ 1 presume the calculation is made somewhat arter the foUowiss fashion : —If £ 20 , 000 capital , wthan expenditure " of - £ 3 , t& 0 in labour—* hat is , seventy hands at £ 1 a-week each—give 12 per cent , profit , what wiD betheproSt npon the £ 20 , 000 if the rate of Trages-fc reduced to 15 s . a-week ? Answer-l 6 i per cent ., or £ ylO stolen from iie seventy men ; that is , 413 a-head per year—an ample sum to make , each independent of the Poor Law bastile , charity washwr charitv crercise , and charity schools . It is not
too " much " to presume that the parties-although l ! r Chamber stoutly denies the existence of partnership-whose money-capital and labourapital are so eksely ^ elded np together , should have something like a united interest ; but It is rather anomalous , stemire and unjust indeed , that the owner of the Capital r . f £ 1 should make all the calculation , keep a ? the books , and balance all the accounts , as to hDwhemavbe rendered secure from risk , danger , and liability insuring Ms profits from a reduction in the value of the £ 99 in the labour . most
¦ Messrs . Chambers set their faces tmequrrocaBr a-ainst labour combinations ; whUe we discover Stan the above passage that the poverty of the workmen is not , as their advocate would make ns believe , * eonsegneree of their own excesses , improvidence , and dissipation , bux a consequence of a eombmawon Of mapefiten , who , althoug h not associated together , are combined by the tie of interest and &-Tem ' ed , not even by general rules which all diould obev , but regulated , as he candidly confesses , byAat r ^ e ofacuon lai d down by the greatest sere , amongst ihe competitors . Tims , if A is one of Mr . Wi » d » of M . 1 cotton spinners , and if he , with le ^ zz&z ^ xpg £ d the other 498 combinators , always ready to 1
s ^ -ts ^ ^ -: ^ bminswiththementoresisttlie reducUonofA . j Sari-AWSSS KS ^ JSSsfjSS ^ s ^ Jttss-TSS and theChambers ' sof Edinbtrr ^ are Attorney and thei
« ui ;^« fi »^« n in conspirators . ^^ " ^^•? U ^ Srs ' isiliemostTillanous , ] As . thwtract <^ &e Chamljes jb " ^" l tbeen ptlb ! { inadkrtB ssA tmchristian W 2 & n& 8 ever ) -jL w * I li&hei I am determined not to lesre » page * pasa » fc 5 o i Mariana j ^^ ms unhappy arrived UtT -Kt , » nr wwd in it imaiswcred . Bitnerto , ; ^ ^ 5 ^ to demand mercy ; inSpain the-foun-^ eatene ^ lme , or , ^ ™ V ^ 2 ii Mer ^ ofhlsfriend ^ t ^ ( mercy have run dry , and theheartless per , Mr . Chambershas been the ^^ f 11 * 1 ^ . ^^ a J J ^ L who now wields the real power of S p ain seems Hr . Smith while ielaB been traming a&u * , ^ ^^ ^ fa-fog of compassion left for tip feelings rfTOWm ^™ TtT T T ^ ao n . liave -aHS-week-unraUea ^ fMi ^ otJl ^ ose children are Ugjiiviaie . The Sr ^^ ' ^^^ alrttl eHfe intoHsiK *^; . ^ has been refill access to ^ mraraay , andbreaflwl ^^^^ ^^ Smith , the two Queens , and it appears tiiat herprayers wnU » nd before 1 elosennj coBQnsiarj , w aibm « . ! beunheard and unanswered , although the poor boon -and fhejBnmmy Jad »« CBha 311 J » Te changedv ^ - \ ^^ ^^ 0 Jfc to fiaTe the place of her son's i ^" ' J ^ T ;' 3 tS S- ? & ' tiZ ^ 1 &h' . % 2 % S 8 % Sg ^ tagenms , if ^ mheedea ana w ^ ts ^ " ^^ jS- jQateofPortoIUco or theHavanna . , * eLeww * et -apSe 5 Eai . Sev . JiapiaBtw - jfAI > BrI ) j pjCi 3 , _ The Gazette publishes a despatch
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the sympathiser and friend of the poor . He wrote a vast quantity of rubbish , with which he mixed up a vast quantity of sentimentality . His trash was placed in the hands of alnioat every working man . I answered it from my solitary dungeon , when no other hand was raised for the defence of Labour , and the consequence was , that all who possessed the trash consigned it to the flames ; whereas , had it remained unanswered , it would have had the effect of strengthening the hands of capital , and of paralysing the nerves of labour . This week ' I have written the first portion of my reply i « Messrs . Chambers * candid defence of
the working classes , and 1 shall continue the subject until I compel them to retract their "damnable doctrine , " or lessen their amount of Income-tax , paid by gleanings from that Labour of which they are now the most selfish and deadly enemies . In the sixth page of this week ' s Star you will see the beginning and in each successive number you will see the continuation to the close . And for your own sakes , not for mine , I ask you , if you pass over all else , to read my reply aloud at your several associations , and to keep your papers as a reeord of my unflinching support of your order . Tour faithful and watchful friend , FEAEGrS O'CoJTNOn .
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FRANCE . Lorcs Phtltpfk " at Home . "—{ From our cnvn Cor-TezpondavL )—In the Xaaonal of the 8 th inst ., the following instance of legal brutality is recorded . Your readers may not , perhaps , be aware of the strictness of the police regime in relation to prostitutes , who : uv compelled to be regularly licensed , and tbke up their abode in a given quarter . They must also submit to periodic examinations by surgeons duly authorized and appointed for that purpose . The following account shows the animus of monstrosity , in a citizen King , and how a "declaration of rights" so justJy celebrated can be twisted to the most despotic ends . Jt is , however , of a piece -trith the rest . The Fn-m-h papers have been filled with accounts of working men
arrested and condemned to heavy penalties , with absolute ruin and degradation , for merely asking permission toassembleforthe discussion of trade interests , and trade grievances , or thrown into gaol for several months , and then released , without trial , for beiji ^ suspected of a combination . Thousands in France have ami are now being ruined by such acts , so perfect is the machinery of espoiiiage . And yet , in broad daylight , some five or eLx bauds of well-organized robbers are prowling about Paris , robbing and murdering evm where , throwing the town into such a panic that juries are almost afraid to tind them Eruilty , and-witnesses « m be procured only with the area test difficulty to appear against them . This is the domestic policy of Louis Philippe the " Napoleon of Peace . " Let vour Louis Philippe the " Napoleon of Peace . " Let your
readers ponder over these facts , and then , taking uj > Messrs . Chambers ' * " Useful and Entertaining "' TVaets , No . 1 , srive their lair verdict on that meiulacious piece of hnraboe . But to our facts : — " TJiware cases where denunciation becomes not *»»• % honourable and legitimate , but a rigourous duty ; when raising the voice aa behalf of the oppressed poor , an appeal is made to the tribunal of public opinion , to expose the odious abuse ot ' aii authority uxistinp only / or the protection of innocence and morality . The dml that we are about to narrate , established in a public court , took place under the eyes of an indignant people ,- and if we withhold the names , it is not out ol regard for the sruilty functionary , but in respect lor the victim . During the investigation of a pout-e ca » t > on tbe 2 " th Nov . last , it was proved that a conunissarv
of-poliee of one of the three consolidated communes , under the influence of sonie vague suspicions , had caused a yonnsr srirl , only fourteen years of age , to b-. > taken from her parental abode , and conveyed to the cabinet of a surgeon , where , spite of her tears and protestat ions , he caused her to undergo a person ; ii examination . Great was the emotion of the auditoiy when the yonnjr victim deposed to this instance of arbitrary brutality , while her recital , begun with sobs , was at length totally inaudible by the violence of her feelings , and the emotion of the auditory arose to the highest pitch of indhniation , when the > urgeon added his testimony that the innocence of the victim wa . * proved bv the very act that robbed her of her character and "virtue .- Herfamilv is poor and hence
unable to enforce that reparation which even with money is so little likely to be obtained with such eonrts of justice as France ^ can boast of , with such juries , and , last of all , agamit a comroissarv of police An outrage so flagrant on the liberty of the subject —an attempt so odious , we must say , not only oji the most sacred right , but on that holy and eternal feeling of modesty , the more invalnable to the daughter of such people , because it is ^ rrall—this ought not to pass unpunished and triumphant . We know not what pretexts will be alleged to justify a f tuactionary in an act so culpable , but what respe < -x , what confidence , can authority inspire , while it remains in his hands r What family , with such au example before them , will not tremble for its dearest interests , and for its most intimate relations f "
T . B . L . Dbjljjjfcx Tike , is Pap . is . —At three o ' clock on Sunday morning a fire was observed to break out at No . 23 * Hue Cadet , which presented a most alarm in e appearance . M . Gore , the commissary of police of the district , immediately proceeded to the spot , and having procured the assistance of a detachment of the 47 th resiment , who were quartered in the neighbosrioocL , every effort was made to arrest the progress of the flames . Their exertions , however , were unavailing , and the fire , after having consumed the upper part of the house , penetrated into the vast wine stores of M . Buhner , situated on the groundfloor . M . Buhner had barely time to save his papers and account-books . The efforts of the firemen were confined to the preservation . of the adjoining houses , but , notwithstanding their exertions , the fire extended to some of the adjacent dwellings . At nine o'clock , as one party of the firemen ,
exhausted with fatigue , had been relieved by a party from the Rue Vieux Colombier , a fresh disaster added to the calamity . A Trail fell ont into the street , and crashed wreral persons . The dead body of a fireman was withdrawn from the ruins , together with ten wounded , two of whom shortly afterwards expired . A Municipal Guard had Ms foot crushed , and several persons of the nei g hbourhood , who-had exerted themselves most heroically , were more or less -wounded . The parish priest of the church of Notre Dame de Lorette , who attended at the scene of desolation with one of his curates , shared the dangers of the humblest mechanic , and escaped a certain death by almost a miracle . M . Tou , the commissary of police , and the colonel of the 47 th regiment , -were like-wise exposed to imminent danger . At two o ' clock the firemen at length became masters of the fire , but it was found necessary to continue to pump water on the smoking embers during the night . The damage is estimated at 300 , 000 f . ( £ 12 , 000 ) .
* A Victoet fob the Pbess . —The editor of the Journal T'Atelier was acquitted at Paris on Monday , in a prosecution directed by the Attorney-GeneraL for havinE excited , by inflammatory writings , the people to rise against the Government . The Legitimists . —Prince Montmorency de Robeoq , head of one of the great Carlist families of France , was condemned on Wednesday , fay the Seventh Chamber of Correctional Police , to one month ' s imprisonment and 1000 f . ' fine , for having constructed , under his inspection , and sold by his agents , a large number of busts of the Duke de Bourdeaux . The evidence was very clear , as well as the illegality of the Prince ' s proceedings , as his agents were not furnished with the legaf authority for retailing works of art , and though the produce of the sale was devoted to a charitable purpose , the Court held that the Prince was personally responsible . He was sentenced to fine and imprisonment as above , and to pay all costs of the proceedings .
wnose name is noi menuoneu . wuc ™ rruu naa arrived at Cordova , and was sent from thence by sea ^ Cadiz , where he will be imprisoned until' it suits the convenuienceof hispersecatorsto send him to the ¦ mother had but SPADs ' . ThxRei gx of Teeboe . — Letters from Spain of the 1 st inst ., confirm the reported execution of Feliciano Zurbano , the eldest son of General Zurbano , who was shot as Logrono on the 28 th , along with Captain Baltanas , Zurbano's secretary , and a third person , ¦ whose name is not mentioned . General Prim had arrived at Cordova , and was sent from thence by sea to Cadiz , where he will be imprisoned xmtflt it suits the convenuienceofhispersecatorsto send him to the
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from the Captain-General of Burgos , giviiig an account of the execution of the second son of General Zurbano , Don Feliciano ; of Captain Ballanos , and Francisco Hervias , a manufacturer of Escaray . The Logrono correspondent of the Eco dd Copuaereio writes , that the house of Zurbano had been > rased , to the ground , his furniture burned , and his horses and cattle destroyed . The ten men of His band who voluntarilv surrendered , have been sentenced respectively to six or ten years ' confinement in presidios . Colonel Ortega , Aid-de-Camp of General Prim , had been sent off under an escort to Cadiz , whence he was to be transported to the Savannah ,. The Polish General Romerino was arrested the day before yesterday . He contrived to baffle the police , and succeed in escaping . It is said he is concealed somewhere in Madrid . Several Frenchmen have also been arrested . ^
Madrid , Dec . 5 . —A Royal Ordonnance has been published , signed by General Narvaez , depriving General Castaneda of his rank , titles , and decorations , as an accomplice of Zurbano . Where Zurbano is remains a mystery .
PORTUGAL . Lisbon , Dec . 3 . —The municipal elections throughout the country have been generally carried by Ministerial candidates , and the means employed appear to have been of the most effectual kind to secure success in a nation of employees—fraud , force , and intimidation . BELGIUM . Brussels , Dec . 7 . — -The navigation of all the canals in Belgium is interrupted by the frost . This morning a man was found frozen to death in a field at brussels . I ) £ C . 8 . —Tho thermometer Ls at present 11 degrees Below zero—8 i of Reaumur . The canals are all frozen over . The steamers between Rotterdam and Antwerp could not run during the last few davs .
SWITZERLAND . lxSfKBECTlOX AGAXNST THE JESUITS . The ConstttUtkmml publishes the following from its correspondent at Berne , dated the 5 th : — " The imprudent decision by which the Grand Council of Lucerne has sanctioned the encouragement of the Jesuits in spite of the popular repugnance , begins to bear fruit . The Government of Lucerne , disliked by the great majority of the population , particularly hi the chief town , is obliged , in order to get itself obeyed , to have recourse to violent means , which , if they are not crowned with a prompt success , will only render its position more critical , if they do not cause its complete overthrow . Already the first act of the Jesuitical drama has just been played . According to information received this murning , an insurrection has burst out at Willisau a
little town six leagues from the capital . The government had ordered the Prefect to arrest some men of the place known for their opposition to the Jesuits . ' » ne hundred men of the line were called out to give [ issistance to the authorities , but when the cominandjng officer wished to proceed to execute the warrant , The people raised a riot , and opposed so strong a resistance , that the officer ordered the troops to fire on the mob . But the soldiers , far from complying , took part with the people . At the present moment , the insurrection threatens to extend to other localities , even to the capital itself , where the greater number of the superior officers-arc hostile to the government , on account of its predilection for the Jesuits . Such are the scenes brought on by the proceedings of the reverend fathers to force , themselves on a population by whom they are detested . "
Letters from Berne , of the Gth instant , state that , on receiving intelligence , of the revolt at Willisa , the [ ' ouncil of State of the canton had assembled , ami instantly gave orders to three battalions of infantiy , three companies of carabineers , two of artillery , and a squadron of cavalry , to march to the frontier of the cant-on of Lucerne . It was inferred , from the adoption of this measure , that the Government of Berne intended to . support the opposition to tlie Jesuitical ]> arty at Lucvrne , and avenge itself fur the moral defeat which it had experienced in May last , during the anti-rad ' u-al reaction in the \ alais . ' On the Gth , the troops had already coinmem-ed their march . It was apprehended that a collision would take place in the town of Lucerne : the f ' ouneil of State had declared itself e «» permanenci ; and only relied , fur the suppres-:-iun of the revolt , on the inhabitants of the section of Uusswy ] , who had offered their services to defend the Government .
Ihe Insurrection ix Lrcuaxs . —The Presse of Thursday contains the following ;— "An estafette arrived at ten o ' clock , this morning , bringing the sad news » ii" the defeat of the Liberals at Lucerne . The insurrection commenced yesterday morning , and at five o ' clock in the afternoon all was terminated ; the insurgents having no artillery , were compelled to retreat . In an attack upon the . arsenal several of them were killed . Amongst their chiefjs , Dr . Steiger and Captain Auf der Maur were taken prisoners . Colonel
Knggenbuhler and the ex-Councillois Baumaun and IsaaBsucceeded in getting out of the town with several of their partisans . Tua struggle would , it was thought , continue in the open country , but notwithstanding : the aid of the volunteers of Argau , Soleure , and Bale , there were slight hopes of success . A letter of the Government of Lucerne to that of Berne , dated yesterday , announces its triumph over the rebels , but in order to prevent further risings , it demands federal armed assistance from the cantons of I ri , Schwvz , Underwald , and Zurich . ''
WEST INDIES . Sovthamptox , Dkc . 12 . —The Royal Mail Company ' s steam-ship Avon , ' Captain Strult , arrived here at ten o ' clock this day , bringing all the West Indian , & <; ., mails . Loss op the Action . —We are sorry to record the total loss of the Actaeon steam-ship , belonging to the Royal Mail Company , which took place on the morning : of the 20 th of October , under the following circumstauces : —She was rounding the Punta Canoa , at eight in the morning , the Popa or high land within the city being S . S . E . The Acteeon steeling south , struck at 8 ' 40 , upon a sunken
rock , supposed to be the Negrillo , but which , according to the chart , should have been nearer the land than the ship then was . Immediately she struck , the captain , with the view of lightening her , ordered the boilers to be blown off , but without effect till thirtv minutes afterwards . A swell of the sea then lifted her oE , when it soon became evident that , in spite of every exertion , she could not be kept long afloat . Sail was then made to force her on snore , or into shallow water . Precisely , however , at twenty minutes past eleven she went down in six and a half fathoms of water . All hands were saved in the boats , and landedat Carthagena , nine miles from the scene of the Trreck .
THE CHEROKEES , A XATIOS Or IXDIAX FBEEStEX—A LESSON AXD EXAMPLE FOB TH £ CIVILISED SLAVES OF EUROPE . OOVESNlCEJiT or THE CHEBOKXE NATION . ( From , the Cherokee Advocate . J The removal of the great mass of the Cherokee peopli ' from their " beloved land / 1 now partitioned between the states of Georgia , North -Carolina , Alabama , and Tenue-ssee , was forcibly effected by the Tnited States , in 1838 , under circumstances of almost unparalleled hardship , disease , and suffering . In the succeeding year they sirrived in the present Cherokee country , entered into an act of union with thost- of tbeir brothers who had preceded them hither , some by many years , and mutually adopted , under th « " style and title of the Cherokee Na ^ tion , " their mutual £ « yerniagnt . Of this government we present now a synopsis , intending , to follow it shortly with the constitution and laws in full .
The government of the Cherokee nation is republican , and is composed uf the executive , legislative . 2 nd the judicial departments . The executive department consists of a principal chief , an assistant principal chief , and au executive council of five-raeinbers . The principal and assistant chiefs are elected once in everv four Tears , by a majority of the qualified voters of the nation : every sane mule Cherokee citizen , who has attained the age of eighteen years , being entitled to a vote . It is the duty of the principal chief to see that the laws are regularly enforced , and to discharge those functions usually vested in an execntive head . lie is empowered with the rcfo , and the power of pardoning persons convicted and sentenced to punishment for capital crimes , under certain restrictions . The legislative department insists of the national committee and the
council—each of the eight districts into which the nation is divided being represented by two members in the f ormer branch , and three in the latter . These members are elected in the same manner as the chiefs , once every two years . They meet annually at Tahlequah , on the first Monday in October , in general council , to legislate upon the general affairs of the nation . No bill can become a law until it has received the concurrence of both branches of the national council , and the approval of the principal chief . In case Ihe principal chief disapproves of any bill which has passed the national council , "he returns it , with his objections in writing , to the body in -which it originated . A vote of two-thirds of the members of the national council is necessary to make any bill a law , the passage of which has been objected to by the principal chiel
The powers of the national committee and the council are the same , except in cases of impeachment , and appropriations of money . All appropriations originate in the c © nncIL , "but are subject to-approval , modification , or rejection by tlie national committee . Impeachment for violation or neglect of duty may be tendered by the council . ' against any public officer of the nation . The national committee then becomes a specially constituted court for the trial of such case . Members of the national council receive for their service * a per diem of three dollars while they are in session . ' The judiciary is divided into the supreme , the circuit , and the
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district courts , whose respective duties aud jurisdiction are dearly defined bylaw . The supreme court consists of > chief justice and four associates , the circuit court of £ jkdge for each of the two judicial circuits into which the uation is divided , and the district court of a judge for j am of the ei ght districts . All judges are elected by a S « Tij « ? committee aud council . The supreme ^ Udg es Hold their seats fur the term of four years , the Circuit two years , arid the district one year . The first receive a per diem of five dollars while engaged in holding ^ urt , the second 250 dollars per annum , and the last 100 dollars . In addition to these officers , there is also a sher iff for each district , who is elected by the voters of hi * district every two years , and who receives for his services ^ salary of 200 dollars per annum . The ri ht of trial bv annnparbal jury of his countrymonand of being
, confirSntedfaceto faceby his accusers and witnestcs , and of legal adnce is secured to every person amenable to , and Charged with an infraction of , the laws of the Cherokee nation . The laws of the Cherokees are not sanguinary nor unnecessarily severe ; murder and treason beinp thtonly crimes punishable with death . Thefts , arson , and sitnilar offences with stripes . Debts arc recoverable bv law . Ihe property of the wife cannot be sold without hen consent to satisfy the debts contracted by her husband , aud vKe versa . The Cherokees have no system of to * itioD . All expenses attending the administration of thjlr public affairs are defrayed out of annuities received fr ^ n the United States . The public funds of the nation aitophced in the hands of a national treasurer , who gives bj | id uid good security for theii' safe keeping anddisburseva ' : at , according to law . Before the national treasurer
can pay oany funds intrusted to his care , on any account whatever , a . n appropriation authorizing him to do 80 must be first made by the national council , by special enactment , and a warrant be issued thereon by the principal chief . All persons holding office under the executive , legislative , and judicial departments of the government of the nation , are required , bef ore entering upon the discharge of their duties , to take oath to support and defend its constitution and laws i
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present < Wist organization j in the metropolis , ( Cheers . ) rive years ago it was the fashion of the enemies and false friends of Chartism to denounce himself and his associates as jacobins , terrorists , and promoters of anarchy . The press of the factions Jiart , by these c-alummes , prejudiced the middle class —the jury class—against their principles , and incited the Government to those persecutions which had been resorted to in the vain hope of crushing Chartism . He eared little tor being dubbed Jacobin . The principles oi Jacobinism were the principles of justice and equality , and Jacobinism was not chargeable with the crimes laid to its account . Without going back to the past he would ask , was it Jacobinism that was guilty ol the enormities committed in sunnv Spain ? » as it Jacobinism that for years had arraved father against son , and brother against : brother . nVhtin * - on
tueone side for a king of the Inquisition , and onthe other lor a queen of the stock-jobbers i that had desolated that country from one extremity to the other ? that had blotted out all lawandijustice , and violated the most solemn treaties ? that had quaffed the blood ot ban Just , and refused mercy to the despairing wife and mother of Zurbano ' s son ? No : it was the ^* m ot kings and queens , priests and soldiers aristocrats and money-mongers , that ] was responsible for these atrocious Crimea . ( Great applause . ) The North ern Star had been denounced byjthe Weekly Chronicle as a Jacobin paper , and was charged with disseminating the Jacobin principle of the natural and inevit
awe war of tue poor and of the rich . He ( Mr H ) admitted the principle ; but denied the applicability of the charge to the Star . It was the rich who made war against the poor . Tho very existence of the two classes showed the existence of wrong and robbery , fraud and violence , somewhere . These the powerful only could be guilty of-fand it was the rich who were the powerful , the poor who were the powerless . ( Applause . ) ( Mr . Harneyithen , at great lemfth . proceeded to illustrate this argument by examp le ^ drawn from the present state off society . What follows is the mere outline of Mr . ! H . ' s speech . ) Take two women , the one a seion of ( royalty , the other a daughter of poverty . The one becomes a wife and mother , and in the hour of her { child ' s birth is
surrounded by medical and other attendants , has everv luxury , her child ' s birth announced by the roar of cannon and the ringing of bells , while sycophantic editors and reporters proclaim daily the state of this one woman . On the other hand , " the daughter of pover ty also becomes a mother . Stretched on a pallet of straw , with no help but the Union doctor , no attendant but perhaps gomo poor being scarcely less wretched than herself . Tiiiie rolls on , and the mother , utterly destitute , has given herself up to despair . Homeless , clotheless , foojdless , milkless , hopeless , she plunges herself and babe into the devouring stream to escape from a life bicome insupportable . She is rescued from death . Not so her child , it has ojosed its eyes for ever . The ; wretched mother is charged with murder , and a heartless jury and iudire
condemn her to a shameful death on the gallowstree . At almost the last hour , jwhen the victim has become resigned to her approaching dreadful end , mercy—mercy in the shape of a Graham !—O , outrageous caricature ( Hisses and groans of execration ) , steps in , and in the name of a merciful sovereign , mercifully sentences the unfortiiuate being to seven years' banishment . ( Shame , shame !) Behold the difference in the fate of these two women—the one is Victoria—the other Mary i ' urley ! Yes , there is a war of the rich and of the poor : but ; it was the rich , aud not the Sortkern Star , who weiq responsible for that war . ( Greatcheering . ) So through all society ; the landlord steals the land , and is Ian hereditary gamelaw-enacting legislator ; poor Rborn , the Buckinghamshire labourer , attempts to j . snare- a hare , and is
sent to prison as a felon . Mrs . Tynvhitt , a lady , takes a microscope , and fonretis to pay for it ; of course * lu > did not steal it , for a respectable jury found her Not ( Juilty . Observe the morality of the aristocracy . When detected taking the article , the husband of the lady remarked , " Suppose she has taken it , what ' s the use of making a damned fuss about it { " Such were the ethics of aristocracy . ( Loud applause . ) They ( the aristocracy ) plundered the bind , robbed the people of the fruits of their labour , and wrested from them their political rights ; and then , when the people complained , the answer was , " Suppose " we have done these things , what ' s the use of making a damned fuss abbut it ? " But a fuss would lie made until justice was done , and right
re-established . ( Loud cheers . )! Let them compare the case of a poor man , who , * the other day , was charged with stealing three turnips of the value of one farthing , with that of Mrs ! Tyrwhitt . The juiy did not hesitate as to whether the turnips were taken with a felonious intention ; on the contrary , they at once found the poor man Guilty , and the bench sentenced him to pay a shilling finl ^ and twelve shillings costs , or go to prison . The poor man was never worth thirteen shillings , and might go to prison . Again—the common assassin was hung , while the wholesale murderer , the miscreant Nicholas , was feasted T > y Queens and aristocrats , and honoured for his crimes . The aristocratic seducer was the followed and flattered of the fashionableIworhl , while his
victim was driven from one misery to another till she died a death of infamy and horror . The embroideress shivers in rags while working the eighty flowers for sixpence in the . shawl to enfold a duchess , while tho sliopocrat . vrlio ^ profits by her . miserable toil , is a church-attendi-rig-, God-fearirig . respectable man , Yes , throughout society the W ^ rfoT the poor and of the rich was natural and inevi-fcaBTe , but who caused it ? Not the Northern % tf ,, but I those who profited by and upheld . the present system , foremost among whom was the Liberal babbler of the W- ' eeMy Chronicle . ( Great applause . ) The mission of the Northern Star was to put an end to that system , and if for so labouring it was to be denounced as a Jacobin paper , its ] proprietor and
conductors need not be ashamed ofj the title . ( Cheers .: ) For himself , he ( Mr . H . ) declared , that if his exposures of aristoeratie wrong and insolence , aud his advocacy of the cause of the poor and-ihe oppressed , should earn for . him the title of Jacobin , he would glory in the name , and would wish no greater honour than that when ' , he ceased to be , the title of Jacobin was graven on his tomb . ( Loud cheering . ) The importance of a free and honest j > ress could not be over-estimated . Cardinal Wolsey said , if wo do ni > t put down printing , printing will put down us . It was sagaciously saia , Tyrants , though failing to altogether put down the press , had contrived , in all countries , to enehain or corrupt it , still the future triumph of knowledge over tyranny was indisputable and ! evidont to all . In
responding to the sentiment given by Mr . Cuflay , he ( Mi . If . ) hoped that the rising of the Star in the metropolis would prove the dawning of that day , when right should be triumphant oyer might , oppression trampled under the heel of justice , equality be founded upon an indestructible basis , fraternity connect together all nations , and freedom pover the earth as the waters- cover the sea . Mr . Harney retired amidst enthusiastic and prolonged anplause . Mr . Arnott sung a patriotic song , amidst considerable applause . j Mr . J . Dowmng proposed the third sentiment"Our Guests , the Proprietor and Editors of that truly
Democratic journal , tho Northern Star ; may their labours prove as successful as thjeir merits deserve . " On Mr . O'Connor rising tojrespond to the sentiment , the audience also rose simultaneously , greeting Mr . O'Connor with round after Iround of enthusiastic cheering , the Ladies waving itheir handkerchiefs , which continued for a considerable time . Silence being restored , _ Mr . O'Connor said , accustomed as he was to exhibitions of popular ] enthusiasm , still ; would be vanity on his part were he to attribute himself the kind , cordial , and enthusiastic recer ; giv-eiyto him . No , it was the principle they horn z ' the principle of which he was ] the humble at ¦ / Urc The removal of the Northern Star from the * . voeai
to the metropolis would cause no change b provinces j cal sentiments . ( Loud cheei ^ . ) He ' ^ i ts politi- j » placed great reliance on the powers ' . ^ " always and he thought while the few wr > t the press ; through its columns , it , ' wa = «* represented right that the many should ibe nothing but ( Cheers . ) The working classes ' represented also , eluded from the press generj ^ ad been entirely exhad established the Northerr I * &y ; and hence , he And proud he was to say , \> Star . ( Loud cheers . ) assistants amongst the hi' that he did not go for his with the machines ; but flings who were let or sold the Northern Star had r that every nian employed on ( Great cheering . ) T' 4 > run |» from the ranks oflaljour . I turists , maniifactur ile other classes , be they agrieul-, ' A : v J n f- ! l
their organ ; and ' era , churchmen , or dissenters , had J that meeting c je would venture to affirm , that was those parties , imposed ofJany of the supporters of Bivffice for tb' the longest iahle in the hall would not attendance number of reporters who would be in I Labour's But this meeting was in favour ojl alone . .-ighta ; and in this matter the Star -stood 1 agitati' ^ Cheers . ) ThereJweite three stages : -in ¦ all . and * , ob ; organization , ] creating t >? blic # W » J effc je directSig of that ; public opinion . He had ; of xA the two first ; and war , if the people required r . ertools to work out the last , inGod's name letthem ; A them . He ( Mr . O'Connor ) th < ragbt the people placedtOQ much reliance , on wh ^ they ^ termed ^ ie -j mniHitaimah labours of Feargus ( T Connor , and thus V ¦ (• 1 1 i i [ ij I ? , ! g
a alioweathemsyxes to sink into apathy . Let them , of arouHBi-:- « MtJH * » if everythine depended upon the ? ill exertion of eacft individual , and victory was certain ^ * ae ¦ ffiSSS ^* *^ « la ^ s Woidd anitel ion ^ toe ^^ &r th ^ ir oppression . ( Loud cheers . ) He the iSighii ^ an aliea in language , yet ; he thoughttlu * the undawtood him well ; ( Laughter and applause . ) He a a 5 * i
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thanked God he had regained their confidence for his country- ^ for , although the world was his repub-- lie , he could not forget that Ireland was his nativeland . ( Cheers . ) Let all parties unite against them , and what then ? They ( the Chartists ) would beat all combined . Now that the Northern Star was in London , the proximity of the office to those of the two Chronicles would , he daTe say , not be over pleasing to the proprietors of those journals . No matter ; he would cause them to adopt Chartist principles , or he would make them hide their diminished mi s in som ^ k "k ^ - ( Immense applause . ) fhe Whigs , when crying for the Reform Billhad
, told them it was necessary to infuse new blood into the House of Commons , for so they would obtain a more equitable distribution of property . But had they ? No . The working classes , notwithstanding the improved mode of travelling by railway and the unproved mode of communication by the penny post with the numberless other improveaients of the time , were in a more wretched condition than ever . ( Hear hear . ) If merchants and mamifaeturers required better houses and mansions than their grandsires ocenpied , it was equally necessary that t 4 ie sliding scale Ot improvement should descend to the workin" -classes also , and that their condition should be improved in . like manner . He did not desire the destruction of
pro per ty . No : let the wealth y retain all they at present possessed , but let the working man —the producer all—have a rightful share in what he henceforth produced . ( Great cheering . ) There were parties holding out their baits and allurements , but thev were mere will o' the irisps . The Star had sufficiently warned them of those false lights . ( Cheers . ) The Chartists were the only real Free Traders . Let them have Free Trade in legislation first , and all the rest would follow . ( Great cheering . ) He was loyal to a certain degree , but like the girl who wanted something to love , he wanted something to be loyal to . ( Cheers . ) How could he be loyal to a church whose ministers told him that this world was a world
of trial and suffering , and that he must endure misery here to ensure happiness hereafter . If that was a necessary step to the insiirement Of happiness , he was sure his brother Chartists had no wish to keep the bishops out of heaven . They would change places with them , and let their reverences have a turn at the hewing of wood and drawing of water . ( Cheera ) He could not be loyal to a judge , who oppressed ~ th « Door . 11 ever he had fallen out with his countrymen it waa for their royal loyalty to Queens and Princes , and their professed love for the beautiful young Queen—it was not ihanly , it was slavish and disgusting ( Immense applause . ) How could he be loyal when he had suffered sixteen months' imprisonment , and durwsthat tune the Queen was delivered three times , a ue . ' ' - ° ' ) was not delivered once . ( Roars of
laughter . ) Property was of no value until it received the stamp of labour upon it . There was a philosophy in idleness , a policy in doing nothing at tunes ; and feeling the truth of this , he had at his ease , _ sung the '" lullaby to the baby of Chartism . " But the infant had grown . It had begun to writhe in its cradle , and he was now inclined to throw off the clothes and let the young Hercules walk abroad . ( Iremendous cheering . ) Whiggery boasted that it had killed him ; but he had risen again , and buried the Whigs for ever . Through the press a new enemy had appeared in the shape of a tract , by the Messrs , Chambers of Edinburgh : and here was the value of the Wort / urn Star . On Sundav he sat down—the tetter the day the better the deed—and wi-ote a complete answer to the tract . ( Great cheering . ) All parties were dissatisfied . If distress and
misery was a visitation troni God , and its preva lence universal , he knew no class who would more readily submit than those whom he waa addressing--( cheers )—but when they ( the people ) knew their miseries and destitution was the result of bad legislation , they wisely and bravely refused to succumb . He had never asked them to raise the Northern Star to this or that circulation ; when they saw him without a shirt , they might imagine the Northern Star was going down , but not before . ( Tremendous cheering . ) He had seen Mr . Duncombe that day ; and had it not been for a prior engagement he ( Mr . D . ) would have been with them that night . ( Immense applause . ) He thought they should have a demonstration to shew
their confidence in Labour ' s Parliamentary Representative . He therefore proposed that they should meet Mr . Duneombe at his committee room in Finsbury , and escort him down to the House of Commons ' . ( Tremendous and long-continued cheering , ) He ( Mr . O'Connor ) would never recommend what he was not prepared to carry into practice . ( Cheers . ) If they agreed to the proposition he would accompany them on foot . ( Loud cheers . ) He entreated them to forget past differences , and unite as one man ; then would Englishmen deserve the name of freemen , and England be their own — their native land . Mr . O'Connor sat down amid loud and long-continued applause . '
ITie Whitehorn family then sang , in excellent stvle , a glee entitled " The Press—the Chartist Press , " which was warml y applauded . Monsieur Cliillman sung the Marseilles hymn , prefacing the singing with a few remarks approbatory of the appearance of the Northern Star in the metropolis .. The Marseilles was sung by M . Chil ) - man in the original French , the meeting chorussing in English . The singing of this glorious anthem excited the greatest enthusiasm . Mr . Julian Harnet briefly addressed the meeting on behalf of Captain Marguriete , a Spanish
refugee * one of tho Republican defenders of Barce lona . ( His appeal was responded to by a collection made at the door for the brave refugee ; ) Senor Marjcurieto then sung the Spanish Song of Liberty ,- a-hich wn « enthusiastically applauded . Mr . LJeifHY Ross proposed the 4 th sentiment : Ihe -Ladies , may they ever be found auxiliaries in the cause of democracy , which was warmly responded to by the whole meeting . Three cheers Were then , f ' . veh fo ' r the Democrats of France and Spaia ; for eargus O'Connor and the Charter ; and for Democracy all over the world . TheTneeting then broke up , liigbly gratified witli the evening ' s proceedings .
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, AM ) NATIONAL TRADES' JOURNAL .
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YQL YIIL Na 37 ° - LONDON , SATURDAY , ^ ECEMBER , 14 , 1844 ~~~~ ^^^ F ^^^ r I ^ J *^ Shilling * and Sixpence per Qunrter . *
To-The £3ih»L0ted
TO-THE £ 3 iH » L 0 TED
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This festival , which for the hist two or three weeks has excited so much interest among the Democrats of the Metropolis , " came off" on Tuesday ni ^ ht last December 10 th , at the Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street , Tottenham Court Road , and fully realized the anticipations of its -promoters . We have attended many similar entertainments ; but never one that exceeded the exhibition of pure and patriotic enthusiasm manifested by all parties , — speakers and hearers , —as on this interesting occasion . 1 here was but one drawback to the pleasures of the evening , namely , the unavoidable absence of Mr . Hobson , who was : compelled , though very reluctantly , to be absent from London at the time ; his domestic arrangements rendering it imperative that he should be in Leeds on the night of the festival , finally arranging the removal of his household to town * . Mr . HoUon's absence was much regretted . At six o ' clock the doors were opened , and the hall was . speedily filled . About seven o ' eloi-k Mr . O'Connor arrived , accompanied by several private friends , who throughout the evening seemed greatly interested in , and much gratified by , the proceedings . Mr . O'Connor ' s appearance was hailed with a burst of enthusiasm , li ) consequence of a much greater number taking tea than had been
anticipated , tea had to be served up at two different times , which necessarily protracted the commencement of the mental portion of the evening ' s proceedings tii a later hour than had been intended . Previous to the chair being taken , Miss Deither , the organist of the establisliment , played several pieces on the fino organ which is so remarkable a feature of the Johnstreet Institution . Her performance elicited warm applause . Weihuuld state that a considerable number present , were from Greenwich and other places in the neighiKwrlwod of London . Wo observed several of the old patriot ** , some of whom have not been with us since J 83 !); whilst the immense number of the fair sex present , attests the Interest felt by the ladies in the triumphant progress of the Northern Star .
The tea tables having at length l ) ceii cleared , Mr . W . Clark was unanimously called to the chair , and said he felt proud of the honour conferred on him in electing him to preside on such an important occasion , and over such a large and truly respectable meeting . lie considered that a most important meeting , held as it was to welcome Labour ' s Organ to the great metropolis . ( Tremendous cheering . ) He trusted that that luminary would succeed in dispelling the mists of prejudice that had so long blinded the mental optics of the many . ( Cheers . ) He hoped to see a similar meeting in 1845 , to celebrate the anniversary of the Star ' s coming to London , attended by as inany thousands as there were hundreds on the present occasion .: ( Loud cheers . )
. Mr . 1 . 1 ARREh proposed the first sentiment . " The People ; . may they soon obtain the Charter , and in reality be-the source of all power . " He said it was a sentiment which he had much pleasure in proposing , and had much more pleasure to find so large a company present to respond to it . Governments of all countries should be accordant with that sentiment . All Governments not so accordant , were the creatures of force and fraud . ( Loud cheers .. ) The middle and uj ) j > er classes , at their festivals , generally left out the people . Mr . Dip , the tallowehanuler , gave the Queen . Mr . 1 ' rigg , the broker , gave Prince Albert ; then folbwed the Army hnd Navy . He had often wondered how it was these classes could devote so much lip-SB £ viee > > £ ( 11 royalty . Bat he presumed they hoped e ^ her ' to "become royal tradesmen , or that they would bo in some way noticed bv royalty . But , he
( Mr . i . ) thought tne notice ^ they , wpuMget , would be of a similar character with , that , the private soldier received from the Emperor , who admitted , when pressed by his comrade , as to what the Emperor had said to him—that it was "Get out of the way , you scoundrel . " ( Loud laughter . ) In that parisli the people had been distrained on for " rates" which the parish officers ; expended on getting up an address on satin , to congratulate the Q , ueen on the occasion of another Royal birth . The people had even been refused the use of their own vestrj ' -rooms ( hear , hear ) , whilst they could be granted to the rich for their humbuging bath and wash-house scheme . True , they might notbe used by the people , class-made laws having deprived them of such clothing as they would like to expose in a public wash-house ( hear , hear ) , but thev would be useful if it was ohlv to wash the
filthy mass of corruption from the hands of parochial officers , and the Reverend Father in God , the Lord Bishop of London . ( Much applause *) The people had no chance of obtaining that power oi' which the sentiment spoke , but by the people's Charter . Hence the necessity of untiring , ceaseless agitation until that measure became the law of the laud . ( Cheers . ) That man was either a fool or a knave who would tell them that any government could long withstand the righteous demands of a united and determined people . ( Great cheering . )
Mr . Linden ably supported the sentiment , and said royalty was neither an emanation from heaven nor from natursj . All people were equal . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Munden sung , " Loud Roared the People ' s Thunder . " The ! lines , in which allusion was made to the Star , or to ty r . O'Connor , were responded to by the audience eri masse , who broke out into repeated rounds of the most vociferous applause . At the conclusion of the song , Mr . Munden was loudl y cheered . Mr . Cuffay , Mr . Whitehorn , Mrs . Whitehorn , and their sons , Master ' and Master Henry Whitehorn , favoured the meeting . with a beautiful glee , entitled "I am a bold Democrat , " which was received with rapturous applause . Mr . Cuffay proposed the second sentiment— " The
Northern- Star , Labour's only recognised organ : we hail thee , welcome to the Metropolis , { " He said the Nortfiyern Star had served an apprenticeship in the provinces , not for the profit of its proprietor , but for the advantage and protection of the rights and liberties of the people . ( Loud cheers . ) It had , in the person of its proprietor , undergone all sorts of persecution and prosecution , ( hear , hear , ) but it still exr isted , and still continued to blaze away , and if the people support it , it would continue , to blaze away brighter than ever . ( Cries of " It shall , " and lotnl cheers . ) The Northern Star had ever been consistent through gain or loss , through evil or . good report . ( Loud cheers . ) Their duty then was Ho support a paper which so ably and efficiently aided them . ( Cheers . ) Let them call on their : shbpmates to support it . Let them appeal to their yarious trade bodies to support it . He did not ask them to do
what he Was not doing himself . He wasa tailor , and , like others in his trade , had been out of work for four months at a stretch , but during those trying periods he had never neglected his duty . ( Cheers . ) When it came ' to a toss up—a dinner or the Star , mental appetite always won the toss . ( Great cheerin f £ l 3 ! he Chairman introduced Mr . Julian Harney to respond to the sentiment . Mr . Harnbt ,: who yraa received with warm and prolonged applause ^ said , the flattering reception he had received after an absence of five years from the metropolis , proved to him that though he had had U contend with tntwh misrepresentation , and , next Mr . O'Connor , might fairly layolaim to the . titl ' ... the best abused ; man in the ranks of Chartism he enjoyed their wmfideiice as fully : as when ' their comrade iff the glorious Democratic As ^ & - < - ( Cheer 3 )^ -an Association which ; had j >* / cia chaff from the wheat , and was the precv jie& / Bor of
Grand Soiree In Honour Of Thf Removal Of The Northern Star To London.
GRAND SOIREE IN HONOUR OF THF REMOVAL OF THE NORTHERN STAR TO LONDON .
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J ^ J ^ a ^ U-j ^^ ^^
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Disastrous Occurrence . —On Thursday a lad . of the name of Birch , the son of a carrier , at Chiswick , met with his death from the discharge of a gun , for the possession of which his brother and another young man , named Charles Watchman , were disputing . 1 he two latter gave themselves into custody ,, and were examined before Mr . Paynter , the magistrate of the Hammersmith police court . They were remanded to await the result of the coroner ' s inquest , but allowed to stand out on bail .
Fiue at Limehouse . —Shortly before ene o ' clock on Friday morning , a most destructive fire broke oat upon the long line of building in the occupation of Messrs . Chessor and Co ., coopers , &c , in Shoulderof-Mutton ^ alley , Limehouse , near to Downturn's wharf . The police constable on the beat first perceived flashes issuing from the cooperage , an . extensive building not less than 150 feet in length . Ah alarm was instantly raised , and a messen ^ despatched to the various engine-stations ¦ with ^ fie information , and in an incredibly short time e ^ gineVfrom various stations of the brigade , ' , under th ' . e superintendence of Mr . Braidwood , and the We ^ t of England ,
wifk ' Mr * Connorton , were unon the spot . The fire progressed rapidly , illuminating tl \ e whole City , the stock being , of the most inflammable character , consisting of a vast number of barrr jiSj staves , hoops , < fcc . An abundant supply of wat '^ . being obtained , the engines were speedily set t ' ^ WO rk ; but owing to the firm hold the flames '^ d ob tained , considerable time elapsed before a ' jT impression could be made upon the fire . Even * jQlv tnrough the exertions of the firemen , police an ( j s " trangers , the fire yielded to the exertions of ' parties employed . The damage done is very co * aSitierable , and at a moderate ; estimate it will anvjur . , to several hundred pounds .
ir i ? fi J- jfCENMABT- Fibes-: isr-ifl ^ w > BDaH ] tMS . — Hertford . x ] iursuay . —On Mom $ p 0 fZBt , abpBtflialfpast ele \ ^ ' ' clock > a fire broke o ^ TOifel ' arskiage w c King ' s Walden , near Sterau ^ $ g ^ te&hF V , ; G . Roberts , an eminent agri ^ bu ^ fc :: Mr . r > erts had just retired to his Ded ^ rooiH ^ lenie ard a cry of " Fire ' . " and on lookup OT ^ oiltke ; T window he observed that his own premissai'srere ^ ijflam ' es In a very short time the fire sgrjead fconl " 11 barn to barn until ' the whole farm-yard was biaana !'; „ The Hitchin and Liitxm engines were soon oii th ^ spot but the fire continued to burn with unabated fury I until five o ' clock in the morning , when the whole of the hmliiinira-with the exception of one barn , acow-house ,
and the farm-house , which stood at a distance trom the barns , were reduced to ashes . The agricultural labourers showed great reluctance to assist in extinguishing the flames , and it was found advisable to Wion a guard in the rick-yard , itoh ^ wme distance off , to detect or prevent any fresh act of incendiarism . The clergyman of the parish who was tKppinlTim * to them in a maonw mdica&TC of + v . a , 1 + mnst unconcern , and accompanied by the most ofchTexp SoT The loss iseSttoWat ^! , 00 a . The farm belongs to William Hale , Esq ., we . tf the ««* extensive landowners ^ the coantey whoaegut is
atEingswalden . It may . 'be recollected that abpot three weeks pince a fire topK : pia ^ ' ^ - ^ E ^ y ^^ fiBm > . ; between . Hitchin and Luton , and ^ M £± Jte # ramra « w of Mr Beits ; and that ihe whol ^^ tfcl ^^ a ^ MBmQt thedwelling-house andlarang 6 (< rffi ^ f « lia ^* as » destroyed- On > Ionday mg ^^ Sf ^^ j&E ^ v ^ mi < S the fagot stacks were -d ^ ccrrer ^^ ibi ^^ w ^ iopwg the course of an hour andah ^ wl ^ fiS ^ W ^ nys sumed . NothingnowwmaiM ; 8 J ^ dja | j ™ OTW ^^^^ u 2 house ; i ? D doubt is entertaa ^^ MP * g ^ f ^| SS ^ wilfuHyfiredi Onthe foB «^^^ l *^^^ aMM Aeleveh o ' clock , ' another ^^^* « ep | tgWJ ^^ M" ^^ c ^ 8 fon the Bedfordrroad , aTbogg-l ^ ^ & 5 ^ ^^ 7 ^ flea * the stack , in which . W ^ W ^^ SS ^ j ^ bbree ^ ther stacks , and tie f tWM ^ K ^ S ^^^ f [ irilfrgreat rapidity , ^^ T ^^^ m ^^^ were dose ^ by the roadside , and *** £ *** % ? %$ * : tance from any , buflding . ^ mr ^^^ ' ^ r
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 14, 1844, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct837/page/1/
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