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Northern Star (1837-1852), 29th April 1843, Edition 5 of 5, Page 8, Untitled Ad

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    • rpHE NEW YORK LINE OF PACKET SHIPS X Sail punctually on tbe Regular Days from LIVERPOOL, viz. :—
    • Leeds :~Pri»ted for the Proprietor FEA ) ^L, O'CONNOR, Es* of Hatnmersmttb , . <?*•£»
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      Tons ' , Reaister . PATRICK HENjRY , Deluno , 1000 25 th April . VIRGINIA , i Allen , C 50 1 st May . HOTTINGUER , ! Bursley , 1035 5 th — NEW SHIP LIBERTY Norton , 960 13 th - In lieu of ROSCIUS , which Ship has been Chartered for the full compliment of Steerage Passsengers . , '

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      Now publishing in Penny Numbers and Fouipenny Parts , VO L T A IR E'S PHILOSOPHICAL DICTIONARY , verbatim from the OngmV " Six Volumes , at the price of £ 2 10 s . This Editioa will be comprised in 120 Nos . or 30 Parts , . ran « will be published this ensuing weak . T ° e . r ' Volume comprising 60 Nos . or IS Parts , aB . ^ trated with an excellent Portrait of the Aauwj may be had bound in strong Cloth , price 5 j . oo . Part will appear evey fortnight , until tbe wnoie » completed . Also , may be had ,

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      N OTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN , that a meeting of the Commissioners for putting in Execution an Act of Parliament passed in the Thirty Third Year of the Reign of King George the Third , infr tuled , " An Act for making and maintaining a Navigable Canal from the River Calder , in the Township of Warmfieldcum-Heath , to or aeartae Town of Barnsley , and from thence to Bafnbr Bridge , in the Township of Cawthorae , in the Wat-Riding of the County of York , and certain Railway * and other Roads to communicate therewith , " will be held by Adjournment at the Court House , in Bamsley , in the County of York , on Tuesday , the Sixteenth of May next , at Eleven o'Clock ia the Forenoon , for the purpose of hearing Evidence ,

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      This day is published , Price 4 d , THE PAWNER'S GUIDE , being a complete Expop ^ of the System , with , every necessary Information ; the whole forming a complete Boofc < jf useful Knowledge on the subject . By a PractisiM Barrister . ^^ Price Sixpence , The Laws of Landlord and Tenant . By Alfred Best , Barrister . Price 23 . in Cloth , or in Seventeen Numbers . it Id . each , * A concise History of Modern Priestcraft , from the time of Heury 8 th to the present Period . By B . R . Buchanan .

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      rp HE Council of the Arbroath Chartist Association JL having read in the Star of the First of April , « speech delivered by Con Murray , at a meetinjr m Edinburgh , charging Abram Duncan , with politic *! dishonesty , tney hereby Challenge Con MurrayT prove the assertion before a fair opea Public MfleJ . ing of the Inhabitants of Arbroath , convened f ^ that purpose , at his earliest possible convenience , Signed on behalf of the Meeting , . Donald Stuaht , Chairman . James Losh , Secretary . Arbroath , 22 nd April , 1843 ., &

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      NOTICE TO EMIGRANTS . rpHE Undermentioned Vessels are fitted-m * J . expressly for the Comfortable Con veyance ^ Passengers , m Cabin , Second Cabin , and Steerae * and the charge for tonnage is unusually low . EaS Adult Passenger -will be supplied by the Ship * $ } on © ponnd of Bread Stuff , and three quarts of tnS water daily during the vdyage , and if de tainedJn Liverpool after the day appointed for sailing «¦ £ si 8 tenee money will be allowed according to La * Persons in tha country can secure Berths by seadW a deposit of £ 1 each , with names and ages . ^*

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      TO DANIELL O'CONNELL , JSSQ ., M . P . Sm , —I presntne your memoiy will be sufficiently retentive in calling job to a recollection of the Eubjeet ¦ matter of this letter as laid down in my second heading of the ISA , I -will therefore without farther preface proceed to Ae discussion of the great principle of toleration vrnich should guide and direct ill statesmen in legislating for a people sovaned « d whimsical in their religious epiniens as the -nhabitanra of these kingdoms ; a pmsciple winch 33 second io none in point t > f impertaace , for-OE . the : redncmg it to practice and -carrying it out a the irpper spirit depends the happiness or misery of ^ onsands . A principle which ym have -set at mought and attempted to-destroy *• serw jonr own

      lass purposes- A principle , Sir , which we -will preserve jn ^' -iMebv , the pcrcreT of an ^ enlightened pnblio ofu —• , de ? pit « the fanatical sayings and doings of s 2 i -. 8 long-faced saint CPCotnells , Gol ^ nhouns , an * Agnewsj ^ rithwhich ? lis coantry has 'been , And s yet , iorasented . In your attempts "to excite the worst -. passions m jny countrymen and to srir op the unhappy prejudices existing in Ireland on the endless and undefined question of religion , you aw sapping tie foundation of all social twder , and ^ nH ultimately , unless eommoB sense comes to their rescue , drive- these people to destruction hy setting them in each other ' s * eeka oa knotty points of theology , which has occupied the attention of the chaps in black for the last

      eighteen hundred and forty-three years ,-and which arb jnstas far from being amicably arranged now as the irst moment the disputes arose . The enemies of freedom , amongst whom you may with great propriety % e called the chief , bave resorted to many schemes for the purpose of tirwarting onr humane object in securing to the £ oor man the full privilege of enjoying the reward -of his industry . At one time the ^ o& embers of national enmity are blown into life ^ at another time the deadly fends of Catholics and Psrotestantesre abetted and-encouraged by our creel governors « n 3 their supporters , and after these eententioua bones have caused the death of many misted ignorant- dopes , and the -combatants , by toe partial spreading of useful knowledge , have

      been . £ &swn & sight of their follies , so as to enable them , in a gre&t measure , to guard against the wily concoctions of English and Irisfe Oatholic and Protestaat ^ o-nothinga , led on by such pious Christians as yon . Sir Hareonrt Lees , -and Colonel Verner ; af ter the people of Ireland , I say , nave so far got themselves disengaged from these old bug-bears , it remains for Mr . Daniel O'Connell , ex-Lord Mayor , dictator general to ; the Joyai staring Repealers , member for all Ireland , and the best abnsed man in the whole world , aad to show Ms superior skill as the father of all the Government schemers in fomenting strife , by stepping in with another wefl-. m&ncfaetured trap , to catch the remaining ignorance sad turn it to the best possible advantage in filling tout unholy Btoney bags .

      In the notorious speech to which I am now directing the attention of my countrymen , yon hare departed from the old emblems of discord , the orange and green , and substituted that of religion and Jrreligion ; you make a holy appeal to Catholics , ^ rotestsnts , Presbyterians , MethodistB , and the thousand and one other fanatical squads by whom the peace of society is daily disturbed , to unite in a firm bond of iKdon , not for the purpose of bringing about such a change in the constitution of the laws , as every geod man must desire , but for a determined and blody onslaught on the growing spirit of what jou are pleased to call infidelity . Ton fell them of -onfr 5 * aylor , an infidel bookseller , who opened a shop in Dublin , some years ago , who was known

      by the cognomen of the devil ' s chaplain , and then lyway of showing your gaping auditory how they may easily get rid of your political opponents , you indirectly pay a high compliment to a number of young men , Protestants and Catholics , who polled this infidel out of bis shop , in a lane off Graftonstreet , dragged him along the streets shonting •^ end the fool farther" until they came to the Liffey , "Where they wonld have actually drowned him , had It not been for the interference of some policemen ! After delivering yourself of this « hoice morsel ,, yon eiultingly exclaim—that same night be went off to "England , and has never since dared to pollute the soil of Ireland . Inhuman , intolerant , unsocial and anti-Christian monster , thou fit companion for the

      beastly Calvin at the stake of Severitus , what did Ton mean by the narration of this savage conduct ? will you answer this question 1 No , no , you will not ; the vieionsness of y onr persecuting spirit destroys that little something which never fails to warn yon that you are walking in the ways of wickedness for which , unless yoH repent , the all-powerful ruler of the-universe will call yon to a fearful account . But as there is no likelihood of yon giving ua an answer on this side the grave , and in all probability you will have enough to do on the other side , iwSl not press it for the present , but content my * self , according to my own hnmble Judgment , in making up the deficiency , leaving it to an enlightened pnblic to say whether I am right or wrong .

      In the first place , then , as shewn in my last , yon endeavoured to make the people of Ireland believe that Chartism and Socialism were one and the same ^ ysi « m . Secondly , yon held oatthat if permitted to go on they ¦ would destroy christiEniry , and as a means to arrest iheir progress you call on the Catholic priesthood { which I am sorry to say too often became your pliant tools ) to assist yea in vraxning jaar hearers against any « onnection with their professors , that fiiBJ are not to hold any intercourse with them in the common concerns of life—not even so much as speak to them .

      And , lastly , by referri n g io the case of the Rev . Hr . Taylor , you are advising them indirectly to go and pull the Chartists and their good Friend O'feiggins out of their Hall , in North Ann-street , drag them to the Lifiey , and either throw them in , or terrify them so as that they may eat of to England , never moie "With their pestilential tread to pollnte the soil of your profitable speculitions . Dan , my dtar , isn ' t this what yon want to be at 3 I defy any rational man to arrive at a different conclusion . Now , Sir , allow me to digress for a moment , and ¦ for the sake of axgnmeat , suppose yon to be a Catholic , have VOD , in this iastanee , used the proper deans for the preservatsen of that faith from the imoads of the unbeliever or infidel 3 1 deny that yoa liare . I deny that the crnelties and prosecutions

      reeojaaaended by yon will have the effect of putting 4 ovca Socialism . On the other hand , it is the beet possible course you could parene for itB increase ; iod : when their next Congress meeto in London , jon are fully entitled to an nnanimeDS vote-of thanks for yoBi furious attacks . All history warrants ns in sayingjjMid yon must be better acquainted with it than I . am , that when a man i 3 persecuted for hi 3 ¦ opinions , he will cling more tenaciously to them , no matter iow absurd they may appear . The interlereaee * f ene man "with the belief of another is tyranny-of the blackest dje ; and I wonld like to knew what good result could follow the beating an infidel into a compliance with your- creed . If by forceheie-octapelled to profess , does that m&ke-him less sceptical at heart 1 Surely not .

      But , viewing this matter in another light , let nje ask how arelhe opinions of mankind formed on the great and mysterious question of religion ! Is it not by the usages , castomsj and laws of their various nations , in many eases from time immemorial ? If so , then how can you change them ! By the same process employed in their propagation—time and perseverenee . If &ere be a man living who doubts the truth of this , I ask him to cast his eyes over the ¦ world , and tell me how many of its thonsand millions of inhabitants beliesre the doctrines of either Catholics , Protestants , -or Infidels , or ihe -whole of them put together ; not the one-fourth , and yet yon have the daring impudence to tell ns that nn-2 ess they believe yocr Catholicism ,

      Protestantism , Presbyterianisai , or Methodism , . they shonld not be permitted io exist in the beautiful green land of onr birth . I should like to see yon and your modern Oatheitiana armed with clubs , set out on an excursion for the conversion of the two hundred andseventy millions of ChiEese , from thence wend yonr way to tbe banks of ihe Ganges , and persuade the vast population of Hindostan to change the religion of the Bramina and the worship of Juggernaut for that of the Methodist ranters , dancing aoont like the warlocks and fieads in Bams ' s ¦ poem of Tarn O'Shanter . If von survived tbi 3

      expedition , I wonld have you march upon Persia and CoHBtantihople , and overturn the Pagan rites and ceremonies of the Mahometans , who put their prophet ia the place of onr Saviour ; and if yon be not erowned with laurels by the British and Foreign 2 Jible Society on yonr return , then I should say they are an ungrateful body of holy swindlers , and "nrideserving of another annual subscription from their English gulls . , But , Sir , to _ return ; is it on the score of religion jou »» tnaVTng such powerful efforts to extirpate Si ^ SP ' t , ^ y u 1 * ; it is yonr last political shift , an yoar other plans are worn threadcare j and now , —

      ^ JIFSM **^ * jeffis «« tangman- a whip to keap the Tnewa in oroet " Yon . iave just about as much religion in your leart as a horse or a coir , You may stare : but stop a ; wee » 111 prove it as clear' as rod ! ^ tf ^ t £ -T don't - jaak © you the princB of alldel * rilfinfer to be branded as a liar for the remainder of my life . I know you are looked npon aaajjeram of reryreligion ^ habits , buithepeople havebelievedmany things which time and experiente save preven to be erroneous . Yonr frienda even

      goi a * fax as to Bay that you keep- a confessor for your own especial nse , but manyia the time I have said it woald take half * dozen of them to do yon full yostiee . The Catholic Church requires on the part of oommunicantB , the most holy and xpotless life , free from every stain or blemish ; that yorrrlife is not of- this description , I have already shewn by incontroraitibld evidence ; and , in addition to irhat has been given , I will occupy the remainder of this > and a portion - of my next letter , in taking a cursory glance at yonr whole labour , bat it must of Decess ?^ be only a mere sketch , for to j ? o the fall length in ari tbitWffctto Written ou the Bnbjeol , would consnme i i

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      more time than I cos couimand and more space than the forty-eight . oalumns of this poor man's journal . It may not beamisa to inquire here what is meant by the strict applioafion of the term infidel . I am well enough aware "Ihat in the oommon acceptation it is applied to a person who doubts or denies the Divine Bevelatiomof the Scriptures , or the fundamental principles of Christianity . But I think 1 have heard it-said , and some of the English grammarians quotedrts authority , that an infidel was a man wfeo believed one thing , while , at the same time , be professed the contrary . If I am correct in this then you are the man and the infidel , for you profess

      to believe the * doctrines of the Catholic Church , and not only that , % ut in the fullness of your hypocritical heart yon-attend regnlarly on her sacraments , while you prove > yonr disbelief by ^ going out from the table of the Lord to rob the poor by political jugglery . ; ~ m confirmation of whioh I point to your -conduct on the passing and carrying -out of the Emancipation Bill . After you had bartered the forty shilling freeholders for this Bill many blamed you , but the great mass gave you credit for . good intentions . The speeches which you had made in Waterford and many other places in support of the starving people against the swarms of lswcamblers which overran the kingdom was

      then ringing in the ears of yoar numerous supporters , amoog whom I-was one ; but on seeing you take advantage of the power and influence which this Bill gcre you , in joining the robbers by the establishment of a bank , the operations of which tended to raise the prices of the necessaries of life on those who were too poor ton purchase them even at the cheapest rate , we could not conscientiously remain longer attached te your triumphal car , when as Dr . M'Hale has truly said , you made use of the power of the people to secure places and pensions for those who assisted you in yonr gullible profession . Then any man , not blinded by interest , might easily have seen that your object was plunder , and that you cared not what means you employed in getting at it . You have exhibited throughout a system of doubledealing , seldom to be met with , and when taken as a whole will , I believe , be found without a parallel

      in the biographies of all other public men . Your political oonjuring is of the most masterly description . You first used the people to terrify the Government into a compliance with your wishes , aDd after you h&d got all yon could gather in that quarter yon turn round and actually blind them so far that these eame people pay you a tribute of from 12 to £ 20 , 00 © a year for the glorious privilege of being jewed . No other living man could have performed Mich a feat Giving the devil his due , you are decidedly a clever old fellow , and of all the infidel tribe yon deserve the highest niche in their temple . Your fihufling and monstrous inconsistencies on the tithe and other questions which have oocupied the House of imbeciles during the last seven or eight years , has been so well handled by Mr . O'Higgins and many other able writers in this paper , that it would be quite superfluous in me bringing them forward again .

      I will now , for the satisfaction of my brother Chartists who sympathise with my countrymen in their extreme sufferings , give a sample of the wretchedness which prevails among the peasantry , for whose spiritual welfare you hypocritically pretend to be so much concerned . It is . from the lips of the lamented Mr . Ingl }* , in his sworn testimony before a committee of the House of Commons many years ago , and their situation has been daily and hourly growing worse since his time . In speaking of the County Limerick in reply to the question

      " What description of beds have they in their honsea ! He says , I protest 1 have beeen perfectly shocked at hearing an account of it . The Police in searching at night , of course , are sometimes obliged to disturb the family . They Bcarcely ever have any bedding except straw , and it appears to me that the family are huddled together , without distinction of age or sex , and often with scarcely any thing to cover them . " Have they any descriptioB of bedsteads 1 Tes , they have some , but in general the ; lie on straw , on the ground . ' " is that ground floored with any thing ! No , ft is the bare clay , not as instance to the contrary . 14 As to the value of the house itself , how many pounds would it take to construct \ I cannot exactiy say , I believe the greater part of these cabins wonld sot cost twenty shillings .

      " Is the peasant an occupier of land in general 1 In general he is an occupier of a small tenement on some of which he grows a little grain , and the rest in potatoes . He generally has a pig or two , and a few fowls ; the rent is paid by the grain ; the prica of the pigs , and the eggs , and fowls , which are reared about the house , and 1 believe generally speaking , that the peasant never eats a morsel of bread from the beginning U > the end of the year . I inquired and was credibly informed , that the lower ordere have not even milk ; I inquired particularly respecting this subject , and was greatly surprised by the information . "

      Mr . Inglis then goes on to describe other parts of the conritry , and coming to the town of Callen , in the neighbourhood of Kilkenny , he BayB , " I walked through the town to the outskirts , and round a linle common which lies close to it , and there I saw the people crawling out » f their hovels , they and their hovels not one shade better than 1 have seen in the seirras of Granada , where people live in holes excavated in the banks , their cabins were mere holes , with nothing within them , ( I speak of two whi « h I entered ) , except a little straw and one or two . broken stools ; and all the other outskirts of the town are in nearly tbe same condition ; ranges of hovels without a ray of comfort , or a trace of civilization about them ; and people either in a state of actual starvation , or barely keeping body and soul together . "

      Kow Dan , my good fellow , what do yon think of this picture from a disinterested English tourist , who could have no other earthly object than that of lajing the truth before his countrymen . Bead it again ; and see if your conscience will sting you , for having deluded these people for forty long years , gathered their pence , and left them in this sad situation ; and thai , too , when tbe Liberal press—the Catholic press—ihe religious press of Dublin is constantly employed , from one end of tbe year to the

      other , hounding them to come up witb your " rint , " just the same as if there were not a bowl of porridge in yonr mansion at Derrynane Abbey . Who is the infidel—tha man who can roll in luxury , at the . expense of so much-deplorable misery ; or the Chariist , whose whole sonl is devoted towards the establishment of a code of laws , having for their object lie political redemption of this hitherto unfortunate race ! Let reason and ctamnon sense sit in judgment between you and ns , and we will cheerfully bow to the decision .

      Pezmit me to close this letter by advising you—if advice can make any ' impression on your stubborn , ge lnsU » and callous heart , —to change your tacticB , and unite politically with every man , no matter of what religion or no religion , so being he id disposed to assist in alleviating the distress which novv prsvails throughout the land . " What mauers it to- you or to me fcosr our neighbonr worships God , ii * he gives us the same privilege of the free xercise of opinion wnich he takeB to himself ! If he conscit vtioasly sets aside all revelation , or even denies th"e existence of a Supreme Being to be adored and worshipped , is that a snfficient reason for depriving him of his natural rightB ? Tbe thing will no ; bear

      investigation for one moment . When "we contemplate the rivers of blood that have been shed by the various religious sects in their quarrels for the supremacy , it should act as a warning to mankind , not to be led away by such as you , when the devil bo far gets the better of you as to suggest such a barbarous system as that recommended to the repealers . I know yonr object was to destroy the influence of Chartism in Ireland ; this jon can never de , for its intrinsic merits are such as to make proselytes in any country whose people have suffered so much at the hand of the tyrants , both foreign and domestic . It is the only healing balm for the broken-hearted labourer , and when once its effects are felt , he will ging with the

      poet—11 Hall ! blest society , whom friendship binds Is thy mysterious silken chain , Who meets possessed of liberal minds , To heighten joy and banish pain . Be ours the rare ingenious strife , To mitigate the load ot grief ; To smooth the rugged path of life , And give to want the wished relief . " Trusting that these sentiments may have taken possession of all good men , and make my beloved

      Erin—What she onght to be : great , glorious , and free First flower of tti » earth , and first gem of the sea ! I remain , Your Chartist countryman , Com Mukbat _~^ " ~ W- ^ k ^ , ....... ...

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      even for nfBes at sixpence each , there is much difficulty in getting the quantum of members . " Cannot afford It , " is tbe plea—^ trade has been too bad . " I feel confident that all who have been engaged la collecting for the defence funds will bear testimony to the poverty of pur Chartist brethren , and the consequent difficulty to obtain subscriptions , and therefore this second position , the difficulty npon tbelr evidence should be held established . The question then to be considered is , bow shall we obviate tbia difficulty , and yet supply tbe necessity ?

      I submit to yon that we must not trouble our brethren often for subscriptions , nor tire our officers , as collectors , in asking often to he refused . We muit endeavour to make one fund serve every purpose ; and , under an efficient plan of Benefit Society , this may be done . It is expecting too much of human nature to suppose that our fellows will be continually contributing their spare , and , in most cases , stinted pence , to carry on the struggle for their political rights and a new system , whilst they have no other prospect than to perish in tbe old ; but , let

      ua once produce a plan wherein the ; can see that their subscriptions will be applied to the beneflttlng of themselves here , whilst the very officers who are necessary to carry on the benefit aeciety . will be able at the same time to conduct , and the more effectually , their political struggle ; and tbat their union , for the one purpose , can , without extra expence , be brought to bear even more powerfully in the other struggle ; and they ¦ will no longer hang back from the call to such an Union , but , on the contrary , will strive and stint themselves to the utmost to forward this great work of emancipation .

      I take it for gTanted that not one of our fellows who have thought or written upon the Dafence Fund , wonld think , for one moment , of its laying dormant in the treasurer ' s coffor , in case of no prosecutions occurring to call for its use er losa-, then if we would have it used , to what better purpose could we put it than the purchase of land , npon which property we could raiBe the same sum in a few hours , if needed , by mortgage at five , or perhaps three and a half per cent , whilst its use on the land would be bringing us fifteen per cent , or more .

      If , then , none would object te this appropriation of the money , why not make it part of the objects of a benefit society to defend any and all of its members in the Oest legal manner , who shall , in the discbarge of their duties to the society , be prosecuted by any parties , and thus do sway with the necessity for any other fund or subscription , but to the Great National Charter Benefit Society ; besides , in such a society , there would ever be a large sum in the various treasurers' hands , available at a few hour ' s notice , agreable to rule , made expressly for such emergencies ; and tbe property they wonld , in a year or two , become possessed of , would enable them to raise a much larger sum than we have yet expended in law expenses .

      My struggling Fellows , let us tarn our whole attention to this subject ; depend on It , it is tbe only sure basis whereon to start afresh our movement for par rights , liberty , and happiness . Success will certainly attend our efforts , if we bring our brotherly love , zeal , and energy to tbe work . Yours in charity , GrRAOCHUB .

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      HARMONF HALL . LETTER VII . TO THK EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sin , — In my last letter I gave you the outlines of a National Organisation for securing a portion of the land , so f&r as the constitution of a society and fixing tbe regular contributions of the members are concerned . This , however , forms a very small part of the power of the people towards accomplishing the object we desire , and is solely an initiatory , or skeleton , portion which will require to be filled up as rapldlyas mind can be brought to bear upon the subject , witb such other details as may be necessary .

      Among those which present themselves to my recollection , but whioh are still a very limited number , and merely presented to four readers for the purpose of dra wing their attention , and allowing others who have the leisure to ' exercise their minds upon the subject , are the following , some of which , I am happy to see by the correspondence of your paper , are already receiving the consideration of some of your readers . First—A National Benefit Society . —If we look at the immense Bums at present wasted in the various

      Benefit Societies which now exist , through the limitation of the numbers of tbe persons who compose them , and of tbe objects for which they are established , it will soon become evident tbat one society on a broad and comprehensive plan , whose resources and profits should ba always actively engaged in land operations , in combination witb tbe beat labour and skill which tbe country could afford , assisted continually by every new invention in [ mechanics or other sciences , would soon give advantages such as would absorb within its fold ell minor operations .

      Second . —A National Life Assurance and Annuity Society . —Tbe advantages to be secured by life assurance , and by the purchase of annuities , have long be « n felt among tbe middle and upper classes , and there can be no reason wby they should not be extended throughout all classes . I know I shall for tbe moment excite a Bmile on the countenances of some , wbo will perhaps fee inclined to ask , " do I intend to mock the misery of the millions by talking to them of assurances and annuities ?'" A little sober reflection will however point out that such a society as I allude to , may , if properly based , immediately receive a support which will permit it to rank high among those at present in existence ; and although tbe commencement of tbe work may be with a class now somewhat contemned and despised , yet we have only to shew advantages to tbe whole body of tbe competitive world and they will most earnestly desire to share them .

      Third . —A Savings Bank and General Bank of Deposits . —If the funds , new invested by the operative classes in tbe Government Savings Banks and in other so-called securities , were to be placed under judicious management in land operations , it would of itself give a power which would be quite irresistible by any other that could be opposed to it . Fourth . —An Establishment for the leading Manufactures for general consumption , on tbe most advanced principles . —This is an object which a national association would have to undertake at the earliest moment tbat it had made good its other arrangements , far the education and employment of tbe people can never be rightly carried on , until the means shall be afforded for tbe production of every kind of wealth which the people require to the fullest extent that the progres slve intelligence of man shall enable him to find them , and shall ba made the ntmost use of . Whenever this

      shall be effected , and equitable exchanges made , we no longer need fear that there will be the voice of poverty heard among our people . It were easy to proceed to tbe enumeration of many other objects to wbicb such a society as I allude may devote their attention , but as I wish rather to arouse the minds of yonr readers to a consideration of tbe principles ratber than the details of the object I place before them , I iball for the present let these suffice , and shall content myself with a few observations as to the impediments wbicb may at present exist to their immediate adoption , and to tbe manner in which these Impedimenta are to be removed .

      The only real impediment there is to the adoption of these measures to the fullest possible extent is . tbe want of unity among the people . To those wbo will rt *> ct upon the subject it will be very evident that if the comparison of numbers be taken , and the union of pur j -wsb were equal under any circumstances , tbe immense preponderance there is in favour of tbe masses in the St . ft respect , would cause all classes to bend immudiate » f to the general body of operatives ; our duty , therefere , as practical Beformers is to ascertain from what cause it arises , that the people are not united on a subject wi"tfch it is very evident to all that their Interest requires that ' they should be .

      This v . 'ant of union must arise from ignorance . I have place .. ^ this remark before your readers is an abrupt manner that' it may the more readily excite their attention , and wPetherit may for the moment hurt their self-esteem , is to m 6 very immaterial . I write for tbe pnrpoBe of ' shi ^ S , tbe mode of relieving my fellowcreatures from t be viee , crime , and misery which everywhere now so ft "ightfully abounds , and I have neither time nor inclinatii to to pander to the prejudices of those whom I address . The fact is strongly before ns , that if we possessed the knowledge how to use and combine them , we bave all t . ^ e elements of power within our reach ; and it is indet . ^ d a pitiable- sight to witness tbe energies of such a pt ^ ple as compose the operative classes of the British eiW wasted and destroyed in vain lamentation to a nu vber of people who have no idea of how to provide for' themselves and expecting from these people a remeo ' V f ° distress and misery which they are compelled for their own apparent safety to perpetuate .

      These things must no longer . *> & > and it is high time that a change should take place ,- and now tbat tbe sciences of human nature and of society have been discovered and made plain , tbe only thing wanting is a clear Btage and no favour , and the wh « te fabric of error may be demolished , and truth and / asttee reign triumphant in its stead ; The first step towards tbe removal of y » e Ignorance which so extensively prevail * regarding the h ' ue interests of humanity , is to know that we are all parts o > * one K universal whole , and that misery cannot exist i ° portion of this body without being more or less p . vticipatedin by every other portion .

      This is a fact which it may take some time to rendt ** apparent to th » se wbo nave not studied the subject ; but it ia nevertheless true : and the more deeply it is looked into , the more clearly will the truth be made apparent to our minds . Call us , if you please , high or low , rich or poor , virtuous or vicious , every individual which composes humanity Is a portion of our own existence , and aa such contributes to our happiness or ] misery ; and until this can be made apparent to all minds , there will belittle hope of a universal system being adopted tbat shall secure the happiness of all . When we shall have come to the conclusion that all interests are identified , we shall next have to examine the manner in- which the happiness of all is to be secured ; and for this purpose we must ascertain what human nature really is , and the manner in which it

      can be best acted upon . In coming to this subject we shall find that we have hitherto completely mistaken the nature of man , and have been led to expect

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      results the very contrary to those which mast of necessity ensue from the causes that have been in operation . Society has hitherto been based upon the supposition tbat man forma hia own character , and , consequently , has the power to act correctly , or otherwise , at Will . This is an error which pervades every ramification of society , and must be removed before any practical good on an extensive scale can be effected . Another gross evil which prevails almost universally throughout society , as at present constituted , ia that man has the power to believe or disbelieve , at pleasure , —which is productive of an amount of misery beyond all calculation . The third error to which I shall call the attention of your readers is the supposition that man can feel as he please * , independently of tbe effects produced on him by tbe objects by which he is surrounded .

      These three evils perpetuate all tbe ignorance which now prevents us from enjoying an amount of happiness greater than it has ever been in the power of the human race to obtain ; and if We can remove them generally from the minds of the people , we shall thereby destroy all causes of apger , ill-will , envy , hatred , or any other unpleasant feeling . Those who are now without the necessaries of life will readily see that if they could exchange places with others who are differently circumstanced , they w « old be compelled , from necessity , to do everything In their power to sustain and advance their position for the benefit of themselves , tbelr wives , and ; families . Until the idea of the universal happiness of man being desirable and obtainable , ahull prevail te a great extent , we shall not proceed with that energy and resolution which is necessary to ensure success .

      I may here be considered as entering too much into abstruse principles ; but I again urge , that my object is to satisfy no single class , 8 ect or party , but to identify all interests in one general society . As I progress with the subject I bave no fear of enlisting the attention and sympathy of all who read , for it is now far easier immediately to commence a new system of society based on truth , and capable of sustaining itaelf against every opposition , than' to continue tbe present random chaotic measures which produce such vice and misery ; but everything must be done in order and without Impatience . Leaving these matters for the reflection of your readers ^ will in my next begin to shew some of the practieWsteps tbat require to be taken . I am , sir , Your obedient servant , William Galum . Harmony Hall , near Stockbrldge , Hants , April 24 , 1843 .

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      ^^^^ A PILGRIMAGE TO BYRON'S SHRINE . " Through thy battlements , Newstead , the hollow winds whistle ; Thou , tbe ball of my fathers hast gone to decay , In thy once soUling garden , tbe hemlock and thistle , Have ohokea up the rose which late bloomed in the way . " I had long promised myself a visit to the shrine ef the mighty Bard , whose name , like the blast of liberty ' s trumpet pealing through the world , has inspired the lovers of freedom so do battle for tbe right ; and smoto on the ears of palsied tyrants tbe death-knell of their departing power , warning them that " The people by and by will be the stronger . "

      I had more than once been disappointed in my intentions , but at length , thanks to my Sutton friends , was enabled to realise the hope I bad nourished within since tbe first moment that I wandered with the " Chllde" through bis " pilgrimage "—a hope still more ardently cherished since the time when , 'roaming o ' er the bankB and braes o'bonny Ayr / ' I knelt at tbe shrine of Scotia's minstrel , and thought of Byron while I worshipped Burns . Invited by the sturdy democrats of Sutton-in-AEhfleld to share with them their Easter festivities , accompanied

      by Mrs . Hamey , I left Sheffield by tbe half-past seven o ' clock train , on the morning of Easter Monday , for Chesterfield . The carriages were filled with holiday folk , who , aa tbe April sun shone down upon them , all bright and joyous , looked back into his face and assured " bright Ph « bu »'' by their smiles , that for once , at any rate , they had determined to banish dull care : for myself I felt in the same pleasant temper , and inclined to love the world once again , love it as 1 once did before 1 bad felt the stings of treachery , and learned to my sorrow bow mean and bas « a thing to roan .

      But a truce to moralizing- We arrived at Cheaterfield shortly after nine o ' clock , and , without baiting , immediately started on " shanks Dag" for the Mansfield Road ; we had to pass close by Chesterfield church , and its curious crook-backed spire of course excited my companion ' s " organ of wonder . " About a mile from . Chesterfield we stopped at a village called ( I think ) Normanton . Here wo breakfasted at a private house ; our hostess , though belonging to the order , of plebeians , was extremely kind and courteous . She bad spent some years in France , and the effect of the intercourse with our polished neighbours was plainly-to be discerned ; she spoke highly of our Gallic friends , and avered that far less of poverty and crime was to be found there than here .

      Leaving this village we journeyed on , and sh « rtly before twelve o ' clock reached Heath . Here , just us we entered tbe place , we met a company of sporting gents ., who had just returned from a dog-fight ; among them were a number from Sheffield , a Sheffield dog had beea one of the combatants , and " great joy , " to the " city of Boot , " had come off victor \ I arrived too late , to either appear in Bell ' s Life as one of tbe patrons of this old English sport , or , as your correspondent , send you an account thereof . Without stopping we pushed on , and shortly after

      leaving Heath , entered Hardwicke Park , the walk through which was delightful . On the shore of the lake we weru met by two of our Sutton friends , and with them we halted for a few minutes at the New Inn , situated at one extremity of the Park ; we next ascended the hill , oa which stands Hardwicke Hall , and taking a cursory glanae at the exterior of tbe ancient castle In ruins , and the more modern hall , itself pretty undent , we pursued onr way ; a walk of about two hours * more brought us to Sutton , where we were received with that hearty welcome so characteristic of its iuhauitanw .

      That evening , tbe first of a BericB of Chartist concerts came off at tbe Royal Forester , the host of whi ch , Mr . Turner , I found to be a younger brother of the unfortunate man af the same name , wha was executed with Brandretb at Darby , in the year 1617 , victims of the accursed spy system , —slaughtered for the purpose of stifling In blood the breathing of new-born liberty . We bad some good Binglng ; tbat excellent Chartist , Mr . G . Kendall presided , and I had the honour to respond to . the toast of " The people I " Tuesday , a large open-air meeting was held at two o ' clock , to petition Parliament in behalf of Jones . I addressed the meeting fo * upwards of an hour . A spirited petition demanding inquiry into the conduct of Baron Gurney was adopted and ordered to be sent to Air . Duncombe for presentation .

      In tbe evening , the second concert was held at the Trooper , the room was crammed ; Mr . Charles Meakin presided . We bad some excellent glee-singing , and I responded to " The expatriated pattiots . Frost , Williams , and Jones . " The health of Mr . Roberta was drank with all the konours . Wednesday , April 19 th . —Amiicrsary of the death of Lord Byron . — 'This day nineteen years , the patriot bard expired in that cradle of liberty , tbat home of arts and arms , immortal Greece . " Clime of tbe unforgotten brave , Whose land from plain to mountain cave , Was freedom ' s home or glory ' s grave 1 "

      And curious enough , I bad unconsciously fixed on this day to visit his tomb , I say unconsciously for I bad forgotten that the lfth of April was the anniversary of tbe pout ' s death . We left Sutton at seven o ' olock , taking our seats in the omnibus for Hucknall , a village about seven miles from Sutton ; our road lay partly through the magnificent grounds of John Musters , Esq . well-known as the successful rival of Lor —this accomplished and kind hearted lady died about ten years since . Some hundreds of beautiful deer were sporting on each side of the road , while the sable inhabitants of a most extensive rookery , were opening tbelr throats sad giving vent to a sort of music , which though

      generally regarded as anything but melodious , has always bad its charms in my ears , and little affection as I bave for the black-coated tribe generally , still I must admit that his Reverence Person Rook , has always been with me a particular favorite . On reaching Hucknall , we were not long in procuring admission to the church , through whioh we were conducted by the sexton ' s son . The massy tower and porch appear to be of great age , how old I could not learn , lam inclined to think tbat the body of the church Is of more modern date . Near to the communion table , in a vault beneath He the remains of the poet , on the left wall facing from—but near to—the communion table , is a plain slab of white marble , and on it the following inscription : —

      In the vault beneath Where many of hln ancestors and his mother are burled . Lie the remains of GEORGE GORDON NOEL BYRON , Lord Byron , of Rochdale , In the County of Lancaster , TUB AUTHOR OF CH 1 LDE HAROLD ' S PlLftBIMAOE . He was born in London on the 22 ndof Jan . , 1788 , Be died at MiBsolongbl , in Western Greece , oa the 19 th of April , 1824 . -w . IAOEP IN THE GLORIOUS ATTEMPT TO RBSTOKS Hi , t COUNTRY 10 HER ANCIENT FREEDOM

      AND RENOWN . His sister , the Honourable AUGUSTA MARY LEIGH , Placed tbi * Tablet to his memory . To the tight of & * communion table is a large and handsome tablet to I . ** wenwy ot the famous Richard , Lord Byron , who , es ^ using tbe cause of Charles the First , held an importou" * command in that monarch ' s army . It was whilei charg ' ostin the front rank of Lord Byrpn ' a regiment of cavalry , tbat "the most accomplished man of bis age , " Lo 7 Falkland , fell at the battle of Newbury . The tablet states tbat the said Loxd Richard purchased back hia estates after the civil

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      war , that ha died in 1679 aged 74 , and with bim are buried his two wives , both named Elizibetb . Bruce , the Abyssinian traveller , tells us tbat when his toils were crowned with the long sought for object — " the source of ] the Niger , " the momentary feeling of exultation was immediately followed by that of bitter disappointment , occasioned by the reflection , that how contemptible was ] the rlpling stream he beheld in comparison with the sources of rivers in neighbouring countries to his own . Though I had Buffered no toil , no hardship , though I bad not travelled thousands of milea to attain my object , still a feeling of disappointment In spite of me kindled within , to me the idea is

      monstrous of thrusting the remains of one who loved nature so well , into a dark , dirty hole , called " consecrated" forsooth r The bosom of tbe " Eternal City " affording to Shelley a bed of test is an idea ennobling and sublime , fab resting-place ia worthy of the sleeper —he who combined the mind of a God with tbe simplicity of a child . I But Byron must be buried with hia " ancestors . " What community of spirit bad the author of " Child © Harold" with the feudal despots from whom he descended ? What iu common has the Queen ' s Bedchamber menial who now desecrates the title with liberty's minstrel from whom he inherits it ? Why , On Byron ri shouldst

      thou" Mix thy brave dust With stinking rogues that rot in dirty winding sheets , Surfeit-slain fools ; the common dung o" the soil ? " Thou who lovedst Nature so well , thou to whom the starry heavens , the mighty ocean , the majestic forest , tbe simplest flower of the field , tbe humblest songster ot the grove , were each and all objects of adoration , ought thou not to bave found another resting place ? If the 'f field of Marathon , " or the equally glorious batfcle-gromnd of Misaolongbi , was not deemed fitting soil to receive thy ashes , s « rely some more appropriated Bite could have been selected than the gloomy vault of a gloomy conventicle . Some spot of eartbwbere the flowers would have bloomed , and the birds' snug sweet melody over thy grave !

      But I must to other subjects;—I had supposed that I could have passed through Hucknall without being reminded that I was a Chartist , but not so : on leaving the church I was : immediately recognised , and n » nay would be taken but speak I must ; accordingly I addressed a very respectable meeting , held close to the church-yard . ( Leaving Hacknall , we wended our way to Newstead , about four mtles ( from the above place , and between three and four from Sutton . We easily obtained admission iato the gardens ; we strolled through the principal portions , but of course did not see the whole of these delightful } retreats—two objects of attraction must not be passed over ; the tree on which Byron cut his own and sister ' s name , and the simple , yet handsome monument erected over the grave of bis faithful dog . Tbe beautiful lines Inscribed thereon are generally known , and ate too lengbty to repeat here . We next

      procured admission to the abbey , and were shown through the principal rooms by tbe housekeeper ; I shall not attempt a description of the beauties of the interior , as from the very limited time allowed to visitors , such as we were , without any introduction , it would be impossible to give anything like a faithful description ; but I wotld warmly urge upon all the admirers of the noble poetj who may visit the county of Nottingham , to pay their respects to Newstead . I must not omit to mention two objects of particular Interest , via Lord Byron ' s bed-chamber , furnished exactly asjie Uft it , and tbe famous " skull" converted into a magnificent drinking cup , which I had the pleasure of handling , but which I would much rather have bad the pleasure of drinking from ; on it are inscribed the well-known and appropriate lines , of which the following must serve as a sample : —

      " Start not—nor deem my spirit fled : In me behold the only skull , From which unlike a living bead , Whatever tows is never dulL " I lived , I loved , I % uaffed , like tbee ; I died : let f earth my bones resign : Fill up—thou canst not Id jure me , The worm hath fouler lips than thine . " Newstead Abbey was founded by Henry IT ., to expiate it Is said , ( the murder of Thomas a Becket , it was dectcated to the Virgin Mary and continued in the possession ot tbe i Church down to the dissolution of the monasteries , when Henry VIII . bestowed it on Sir John Byron . As haa been before stated the Byron ' s

      espoused tbe cause of Charles I ., and the Abbey sustained a considerable siege in the war of that King with hia Parliament Newstead was wrested from its owners by the victorious soldiers of the Commonwealth , but came again into the possession of the Royal family , after the restoration , ia which it continued until sold by tbe Noble Poet Tbe greater portion of the Abbey has been restored and rebuilt by its present possessor , Colonel Wildnian , and though tbe lines at the head of this narrative were no doubt but too applicable in the days of the poet , | they are not so now , the prophetic gleam contained In the following luies , having been realised under the guardianship of the liberal

      Colonel" Haply thy sun , emerging , yet may shine , . Xbee to irradiate witb meridian ray ; Hours splendid as the past may still be thine , And bless thy future as thy former day . " We did not see the Gallant Colonel , he having taken horse and rode out ; with Lady Wildnian , while we were in the gardens . I have much pleasure ia adding that throughout the neighbouring county I every where heard the Colonel spoken of as a truly liberal and excellenthearted gentleman ] How absurd is the idea ignorantly entertained by some , and wilfully and wickedly promulgated by others

      of our political opponents , that we Chartists are a race of brutal Tandals , bent only on appropriating and destroj ing property ; why there is not a Chartist in the land worthy « f the name , but would cheerfully devote life itself to protect from the hands of the spoiler , whether foreign or domestic , the shrine of genius—Newstead ' s holy fane ; and yet we are called destructives , by those who have built up their Moloch power on the destruction of the freedom and happiness of their fellow creatures , by those who through lurid flame and purple gore , have , ¦ in this and every other land striven to crush the .

      " Freedom which our God bath given Unto all beneath hid beaven . With thelt jbreaih and from their birth Though guilt would sweep it from the earth . With a fierce and lavish hand Scattering uati-m ' a wealth like sand ! Pouting nation ' s blood like water , In imperial seas of slaughter . '' But vain are tbe calumnies , the persecution , the aworda of tyranny ; the flood-gates of knowledge are opened , and the ocean of truth shall sweep to annihilation the sand-founded bulwarks of force and fraud .

      Leaving Nswstead , a short walk brought ns to Kirkby , where at the home of a real out and out democrat we stayed and refreshed ; from there making the best of our way to Sutton , which we reached shortly before seven o ' clock , a little fatigued , but heartily gratified with our day ' s jaunt-That evening the third concert was held at the Crown and Woolpack . We had a crowded house ; Mr . Wm . Parker in tbe chair . An excellent brass band was in attendance , and I had the honour to respond to the healths of Messrs . Duncombs ' and O'Connor , and to- that of ' Tae departed patriots . " The evening's entertainments concluded by my proposing ( as in duty bound ) " The health of the ladies who had favoured' us with their company each even-Ing , " which having been responded to with hearty good will , we retired to the tune of " rally around him . " i Next day we left Sutton , and in tbe evening reached Sheffield . : " Reader , if you are tired , bo am I . " Geoegk Jwlian Harnet . Sheffield , April 25 th , 1843 .

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      Middlesex , by JOSHUA HOBSON , at JU VV j , ing Offices , Nos . 12 and 13 , lCoJ * et-s * w « t . **** £ and P » blish « 4 by . tha sal * Josmta * j ^ ( for the said Fbamus O'Conkob , ) »* & _** Jling-bona ^ Ko . 5 , Market-street , Brigs ™ * ? iBtoraal Communication existing betw « a ; tW Xo . 6 , Itarket-street , and tb * said ITos . W 1 ? , Market-street , Briggate , thus constitutor , whole of the said Printing and PubUsbii * O ! IW > one Premises . . All Communications must be addressed , Post-pai * J lr . Hobson , Northern Star Office , Leeds . ( Saturday , Ap ril 30 , i «< W

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      OUR DEFENCE FUND . THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY . TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Much CAiCMiriATED Bretheek;—We bave all felt the necessity for tbe establishment of a permanent defence fund . Our champion , O'Connor , bath declared its aeeeraity . Several other Chartist advocates bave published their opinions thereon , and the unprepared state in which tie first or Whig crusade , and , the hut or Tory attack upon us overtook us , proves beyond dispote that necessity ; In short , none have disputed the flwt position , indeed it appears to be received as an established fact ; but the best means of raising tbe same , appears not to be yet settled .

      Kow with all due respect , to the opinions of those who nave written thereon , I must think that none but those who bave had to do with getting up the subscriptions for those purposes , can thoroughly judge of what the p * ople « an doj Bnd togiv&anideaof their tet « in connection with money , J have only to say Uat

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      g THE NORTHERN STAR . .

      Rphe New York Line Of Packet Ships X Sail Punctually On Tbe Regular Days From Liverpool, Viz. :—

      rpHE NEW YORK LINE OF PACKET SHIPS X Sail punctually on tbe Regular Days from LIVERPOOL , viz . : —

      Leeds :~Pri»Ted For The Proprietor Fea ) ^L, O'Connor, Es* Of Hatnmersmttb , . &Lt;?*•£»

      Leeds : ~ Pri » ted for the Proprietor FEA ^ L , O'CONNOR , Es * of Hatnmersmttb , .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 29, 1843, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct931/page/8/