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NSW VOEK PACKETS
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IiBEDS t-r-: Printed for tile Proprietor FEABff 0 ^ O'CONNOR, Esq., of HammerainiUJ, Coan» Middleaex, by JOSHUA HpBSON, at hi» ^lnt" ing OfficeB; Nes. 12 and IS, Mwket-stres*; W8" , gate; and;PuWiahed by the $aid Joshua HQBSOKi (for Uw said Feasgds O^Connoe,) at hi" ?*** ling-house . No. 6, MMket-street, Brlggatej^ ; internal qbromuaication existipf between tbe»_ ' ISfo. 5' Morkot-strefet, and the said. No«. ^ 2 ^ ; 13, Market-street, Briggatey thus cbnstJtBtingtna : ¦wholeioi the,^d ^rinticg and Publishing O5 * 88 \ " pheFxemiaeB. : i '¦P .-^y. ,"-' -. ' ; ':-;>;. : -;i '¦' - ';¦ -., ^': . ' ¦- ¦ "' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - " Satarclay, . Marcli;^ 1842* ; ; ; ;¦ ;¦ '- ..;, ' . y
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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THE VESSELS selected to form this Line are all American built , and of the first and largest Class , ard are commanded by Men of acknowledged SkiUandTalent , they Sail punctually at fixed periods , ( Wind and Weather permitting ^) ¦ and aro hot surpassed , if equalled , by any other Ship 3 in tha Trstde . Passengers will find the Accommodations in Cabin , Second Cabin , and Steerage of the taost superior Order . Families can have Private State Rooms . Passengers are allowed their Expense ? if detained after the Day appointed for sailing . The following Ships will be despatched in March . : —
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The Black Ball Line of Packet Ship COLUMBUS , Captain Cole , 1100 Tong Burthen , To Sail punctually on her appointed Day , the 7 th March , ¦ ' ¦ : /¦ •¦ " - .. '¦' - ; - ' / - ' ¦ - •¦ .. - ¦ ¦ ' ¦¦ - ' : ¦ -: " ' . ' - . ' VIRGINIA , Captain Eaton , 1150 OSWEGO , ,, Wood , 1250 To Sail punctually on her appointed Day , the 19 th . Marcb - ; - ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ - . ¦ . - ¦ . ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ,. ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ' ¦ :. ¦ ' . - ¦ ¦ ¦¦ " : ¦ . ' > - ¦ : HOTTINGUER , Captain Cbabtrbe , 1700 tons . TALBOT , „ J . Story , 1100 „ ALSO FOR NEW ORLEANS . BORNHOLMi Captain Nason 990 ¦ ¦ . - »¦ ' FOR BALTIMORE . FOR BALTIMORE .
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FOR BALTIMORE . FOR BALTIMORE . HENRY SHELTON , Capt . Lonocobb 7800 ,. FOR QUEBEC . The splendid A . 1 . coppered Ship , ABERDEEN , / Capt . Duffy , 1100 „ For Terms of Passage , apply to 7 ; 7 7 J . and W . ROBINSON , At The Transatlantic Packet Offices , No , 1 , Neptune-street ^ and 16 , Goree Piazzas . Pcrsous in the Country can secure Berths by seeding a Deposit of i £ I each , with their Names , by post ; and an Allowance of six per Cent , on the Amount ot Pas&age Money will ba made to all who secure Berths in this manner .
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MR . JAMES / LEACH , of-Manchester , wighe 3 thus publicly to announce that he has become A ^ enfc for the sale of the Vindicator , Common ' wealllisrhan , Chartist Circular , and all the London Weekly Periodicals , and cau supply News Venders on the same terms as any other Agent ; Persons giving orders for the same must address for him at No . 110 i Tib-street , Manchester . He wishes further to inform his Chartist Friends and the Public generally , thai ho has opened a Skop for the Sale of STATIONER Y ARTICLES , and engages to execute orders for Printing , Bookbinding , and Ruling-Also Picture Frames , on tho raost prompt ana reasonable terras . ; ¦' -, . ;¦ . "• . ; P . S . The first ; number of the Commonwealthsrhant Edited by M . es 8 rs . Bairstow and Cooper ,-will * in-iB . improved sbapei be out this week .
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SECOND EDITION — . - ^» — " - ¦ SX 33 SINGHA 3 Z . GHEAT CHARTIST MEETING IN THE TOWN HAT . t ,. " One of the most numerous meetings ever held in this Town Hall , took place on Wednesday evening last , which for order , unanimity , and enthusiasm , has never been surpassed . The meeting was originally intended to take place at eleven o ' clock , but although the use of the room had been kindly granted by tfce High Bailiff , jet as a poll tor the church-rate Question was being carriod on in the body of the Sail , ' it could not be procured until four o ' clock , at which time the poll closed for the day . Tas Committee , therefore , resolved to hold the meeting at six o ' clock , for the accommodation of the working men .
Tne meeting was called by requisition to the Mayor , signed by nineteen Aldermen and Town Councillors , and 350 electors andhouseholders . The deputation from the Committee , composed of members of th 9 Chartist Association , waited several times on the Mayor , and ultimately received a very insolent letter , refusing to call the meeting and stating that he had doubt 3 of the " legality" of the National Charter Association . The reqnisitionists therefore caused large placards to be posted , announcing the meeting , to which the Dame 3 of 100 electors were attached , and signifying that Feargas O'Connor , Esq ., and other friends of the people would address the meeting . The Committee met in the Town Hall at five
o ' clock ; and , after the final arrangements had been ta&dc , the doors vrere thrown open to the public . The Hall , capable of holding 10 , 000 people , was splendidly lighted , and various fliss were extended from the galleries . Frost ' 3 Committee caused two to be suspended from the great gallery , on one of which was the following motto : — " We meet to secure the return of Frost , Williams , aud Jones . " A beautiful Union Jack was suspended in front of the hustings , and the beautiful banner of the National Charter Association , with the emblem on xhe Association card 3 painted on it in excellent style , was hoisted over the Chairman—the whole having a most splendid appearance . The Comakire deserve infinite credit for the manner in which the whole business was arranged .
At half-pas * five the hall began to fill rapidly . The galleries were soon crowded , and the immense building was filled at a quarter past sir . Mr . Page , town councillor , was uns-sirnoosly called to the chair , ani was received w : th loud cheers . He said it was with feelings of grea-: pleasure he rose for the pnrpose of addressing them on the snbject of the People ' s Charier , which was so dear Jo them all , and he hoped to see the day when all classes would espouse its just principle ? , iho subject on which they had met was not a narrow one , it was one on which tho welfare of the nation and the happiness of all classes essentially depended
—( cneers . ) Suppose the Queen was to adopi those principles , she would endear herself to the people ; and if the Government were to take them up , they would be rewarded with an approving conEcienr ? , and confer a blessing on their country . There should be no division on this question between the middle and workicj ; classes , as they were equally interested in carrying it into effect . Tkere was one class of society whose duty it was above all others to assist them on the present occasion , but they held aloof from those ihrouga whom they derived their it liuence . He meant the preachers of ' . he gospel . The Charter was founded on ths truths laid down in tb . 3
gospel , and was therefore ¦ s-erihy of thsir attention . * fhe gospel even went further than the Coarter , for it inculcated the doctrines of love and mercy—' ¦ —( Mr . O'Connor made his appearance at this part of th * business , and wa 3 received by the most enthusiastic cheers , tentime 3 repeated . The scene was tru : y astonishing ; every part of ihe immense building beins crowed to suffocation ; in fact , it was aut&iited by all to be the largest meeting ever held in the Town Hall . ) The Chairman then dwelt a ; great length on the tenths laid down in the Bible a 3 a reason why religious teachers should advocate the People ' s Charter , and concluded amidst loud -cheers . The Chairman then introduced Mr . John Masonj to propose the firsi resolution . ;
Mr . Mason then came forward and ssid ,- *—Mr . Chairman , and Men of Birmingham , I feel proud of the honour conferred on ma , to move thi 3 resolution , and especially so , when I reflect on tho great cha-Taeier , associated wiia the name and exertions of ihc Birmingham people . When he ( Mr . Mason ) witnessed the immense assembly then before him , when he rcfitcted on their condition and suffering , aud contrasted those with their ingenuity and laborious habits—when he reSscted on the affluence of the idle , and contrasted it with the indigence of the industrious—wl en . he re 3 . tct . ed on the resources of these realms , and » ae eaases of wealth which sprung frcm the fingers of the valuable artisans , and contrasted n with their unhappy homes and starting children , i :
was certain the government must have robbed them to an awful extent . ( Loud cheering ) If , said he , we survey past history , what a scene doe 3 it present . The happiness of nations and empires immolated to promote the glory of conqaarors , or the ambition of monarebs , ans the pomp , the equipage , the extravagance , of heardess aristocracies —( ciieerc . J And why ? because those great rights we tlr-5 n' ^ ht assert as the inalienable rights of man , have ro : been established as the basis of civil government . If mankind had ecforcsd those rights , could an Alexander have inundated this magnificent globe with blood , to gratify the inhuman desire of glory i No I Man would have resisted the desolating progress of unnecessary wars , and have maintained the s-jproiBacy of government—( loud cheers . ) Review the
history of the British aristocracy and their crimes against saffering humanity , when France rose and overthrew the regime of the privelegcd orders , and proclaimed her liberty ! Did not rhe aristocracy of tai 3 country plunge us for years into a war with the brave French people , wasted the treasure our industry had created , and compelled U 3 to pour forth car blood to crush ths rising " iibeities of that great people —( cheers . ) lint the day i 3 past when they could make us the means to execute their Tillanous designs —( hear . ) We are eow too intelligent . We assemble in the exalted character of men to demand jaslics ; every feeling which dignifies man , and ennobles his nature , animates us in the accomplishment of this glorious undertaking . We
( said Mr . M . ) have suffered much in this struggle ; but , certain of the justice of our principles , we aid not shrink : no dungeon has terrors for the patriot . It has sealed the triumph of those principles—( cheers . ) Lord John Russell cff . red us cheaper bread ; but -our reply was , " We demand justice 1 " This offer could not sednce us from our cause , even when suffering ; the working men were too intelligent . They have been betrayed ; they never will be bo again—( hear , heat ) . No , we will have nothing less than that liberty God has conferred on manthat liberty no man has authority to violate . But they say the working men are not educated . Why 1 because they are stripped of those rights which should secure to them the advantages of superior
education . Why are the other classes in possession of this attainment ? Because they eBjoy those rights so unjustly withheld fiom us . Again , they say we have so property ; bat why are we without proper *} ? It is our industry which has given existence to every fraction possessed by the propertied . classes . We demand the Charter to enjoy the privilege , of acquiring property , as well as those who have accumulated so much—( cheers ) . Is it not our toil which has cultivated their vast estates , and stamped value on the soil ! Is it not our toil which has opened up the stupendous railways , with all facilities of transit ? Is it not our tofl which has erected our -large and magnificent cirie ?! Is it not our toil which has filled the warehouses With the Ticlie ? t of
manufactures ! Is it not out toil which kas erected the navy that guards our chores ! Yes , we are the source oi British wealth and greatness ; and shall we toil and perish ? No ; heaven has stamped anobler character in the breast of man—( cheera . ) We hop ^ d , when the middle classes acqiired their enfranchisement , that some great reforms would be effected ; it has fs'kd to confer the benefits anficrp ' ated . And surely , we did not expect they should offer so many oppositions to the enfranchisement of us too working men . ; but . the day is now arrived when every class must blend their exertions for the redemption of our common country—( tremendous cheers . ) The interests of all would be promoted by the estiblishment of the Charter—the interest cf all are suffering withont it .
Bat if we are tobave s . union , lei h be an honourable one . It must be for ihs Charter , the whole Charter . Mr . Stnrge had propascd complete suffrage . He hoped no attempt would rautilste their ( the Chartists ) principles . He tuimired the men who would step forth to add the working men in this struggle . It was a proof of greu benevolence when men of lank and wealth cam * forward , to advocate the claim of their fellow-citizens , ar , d whatever had occurred , he ( Jir . M . ) was willing to forget for ever , when justice was made the basis of an honourable union , amongst all classes— ( Loud cheers . ) He would now read the resolution , and begged leave most respectfully to move it . He hoped the day was not far distant , when all classes would meet to celebrate the jubilee , thi % freedom and redemption « f this mighty empire—( load cheers . )
Mr . Follows seconded the resolution . H eheaitily * PI ??* ed of its contents , and should not trespass on TOejr time 4 as SO miny able advocates eF ilis people ' s cause had to address them . He would therefore content himself with seconding the resolution . Feabgus O'Coxsob , Esq . tiien Etood forward io support the resolution . He was received with deafening cheers , waving of bats add haanksrefcisf ? , ana every possiblo demonstration of attachmtnt , which contained for several minutes ; when order was restored , he commented at some length on the resolution , and then said who will deny its propriety ! Let every man in this meeting who does not consider himself entitled to , or cap ^ Ie of exerekiEg the right of Suffrage , hold up his right
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hand . What ! not ono hand held up I and scarcely a voter amongst yen , and all conjidericfS them ^ elvej entitled to it ! Now , are you not slaves , and bondsmen 1 Englishmen ! rousethen , tear the slave mark from your foreheads , and if you wish for freedom , declare yourselves freemen . —( loud cheering . ) How do we itand to-night ; What is qnr position now ? and what was it before the majority of 123 ! For seven long rears we were outcasts ; our principles repudiated , and their advocates spit upon ; while now , the same advocates of the same prin ciples , are courted by tho very men who prosecuted us—( load chf as)—and the very factions that contended against thoso principles now profess to be converts to them : but take care , and
baware I Their conversion ia too sudden to be sin cere ; and , if they do join in the movement , let them fall into the shafts-, while you remain in the traces ; and , I as a waggoner , keep those behind up to the collar—( great cheers , and laughter . ) They will chatter for the Charter , if they can use you as Chartists to effect their own purposes ; . but , if once you merge your strength into their factious agitation , haying achieved their objsct , they will r ^ sarcdly throw you overboard—( cheers . ) To obviate this is my duty , and shall be my cart—( lond chetrs . ) If they could get , rid of Feargus , they foolishly suppose that they could warp the public mind to
factious purposes ; but they shan't get rid of Feargus —( Tremendous cheering , and cries of " no , never . ") I remind myself of the old Irish lady ' s red cat . ( Roars of laughter . ) If a jug was missing . Molly , says the lady , where ' s iho blue jug ? Wisha , God knows , your honour ; but that thief of a red cat broke it ' ( Renewed laughter . ) Molly , where ' s the little brawn jug ? Why , then , I declare but that rod dh ' , 1 of a cat made smthereensof it . ( Convulsive laughter . ) Well , at l ?^ t the old lady was obliged to g "; ve the red cat to a neighbour : and , but sure the tay-pot was missing . Weil , it was the red cat cum back and broke the tay-pot . ( Roars of laughter . ) A tUstit was decided that the red cat should be killed .
And another jug was broke . Molly , wno done that I says the Mistress . Wiska , God knows , your honour , but iz was that di ^ il of a cat that cum to life again ; and sure I always hear they had nine lives , but I never believed it before . ( Immense lauyhter . ) Well now , I am the red cat , and if yon arc sold , it ' s the red cat ; and if there ' s physical force , h's . ho red cat ; and if there ' s a broken mug or a broken head , it ' s all the red cat , but believe me if the red cat was gone to-morrow , the beads would be broke ; for as long as corruption livt-s , there will be a red bull in the china shop—( tremendous laughter ) . Kow , do avray with corruption , aud theu they need neither fear the cat or the bull ; bns until that is done , Fi-argas will ba the buli in their china shop—( threat
chec-riut ;) - Tsovr , como , continued Mr . O'Connor , let U 3 s o fairly into the acconnt and examine the bargain that h to be struck . Tha Corn Law Repealers say " join us . " ' * Dene I" say we , " that is what we waut ; come along for the Charter . " "No , " say thsy , " we only want a repeal of tho Cum Lavrs , and wish to obtain vcur assistance to efect i :, ' —( cheers , and " Ay ? , that ' s it . ") "Aye , " says I , " but that ' s not not lair ; you ask for union , while your terms are cc : npr « nj 5 ? e , and a'l the compromise upon our part . Now we dont ask you io give up a piu ' s point of yonr prioeipies , and why should you ask us to surrender ours ?"—( cheers , and " We newr will . ") Now when an Irishman is about making a bargain , the puchsser says " Bunnayteghaqhe , " that ' s value it— ( laughter )—and if the
vender says " very well , " the purchaser having so far beaten him down says , '" agtis . Sku-kricliee " that's divide it again ; so that you s ? e if we hulved it , they would quarter it-, aud in the end we should not know car own child—( cheers . ) No , no , work ; :. »; men , we havo often been about the thing , but now wo are about to do tho thing , and its- the very thing they have always dreaded—( loud cheers , aud hear)—and now let us see what the thing wi'l do ; ic will siacly do this . It will increase aud multiply the produce of that land which is now locked up by the restriction of hndloids ; whilo it will cause a more equitable distribution of that produce , and also of the wealth derived from our present system of nrriScial pToducuon —( loud cheer ^
inp , and ' -That ' s it . ') Now , I will sliew ycu wherein lies your complaint . We will take me capitalist , ArAwright , who- has made his all by machinery . Now , suppose Arkwri ^ ht to be worth five millions oi' money , which he is , and more , aud suppose that , in the accumulation of that property , he employed one thousand hands , and suppose Ar&-wright ' a share to have been only a million ( prerty good for speculation ) , the other four millions divided amongst the thousand who made all , would amount to £ 4 , 000 ahead , which , at five per cent ., would bo ^ 200 a year for ever , as . a retiring pjusion for tho labourer—( tremendous cheeric ^ -. ) But , ala .-, the labourer is never superannuated auii receives iso retiring salarysave that which the
inte-, rior of tbo cold Bastile affords , —( aye , a :: d shame)—and whea the joltcriieaded King of Prussia landed upon the carpeted town of Greenwich , to witness tho ceremony of the christening otrn young Prince , he was shown Greenwich Hospital , the . coitforiable refuge for th « rttred sailor , and Chel ? ea Hospital , tbc sweet retreat for the retired soldier , but ihoy took him to i ; o coid Bastile—that charcel house , where he who suppcris all is doomed to eke out in solitude premature old age , brought on by the hellish lust of those who have crippled . aim in his youth , blasted his manhood , and then , last , when he
required solace , tore him from all that was dear to him , and ruthlessly consigned him to tha tender mercies of the feii destroyer—( Tremendous sensation ) - Aye , aye , these axa things against which 1 war , and this is the state from which , with God ' s blessing , I will release you . ( Great cheering . Sir . O'Cennor then in a most clear and forcible masntr shewed how the interests of the manufacturer by steam , and those of tho shopkeeper , were s . t complete variance , while the interests cf the shopkeeper and the working-men are so bound up together , that if the belly of the one is empty , tho t ; ll of the other is euro to be so too . He then entered into
an analysis of the whole Charter , and shewed , to the satisfaction of the meeting , that to be complete it must be entire , and that any curtailment must stili perpetuate the abomination o / class ledslation . Hs then let fly right and left at the O . d Corporatioumongers of Birmingham , who had fled from the people to ec joy the sweetBOf office . ( Great cheering . ) And now , said he , having directed your attention to tho question of English abuses , and the only means for their destruction , let us see whether or no a mere Re-peal of the Union , and an Irkh Parliament , without the guarantee of the Charter for its pnrity and just representation , would destroy any one of those grievances of which the Irish people justly complain . Let ns take the greatest
grievance of all—the State Ch arch—and see how , without the Charter , the Irish Catliolic peoplo could destroy the nuisance . The Irish land is in possession of ProtssrtiEt 3 , who look to tho Church as a refuge for their destitnte , and the land is the thing that must confer the franchise ; and who amongst you is mad enough to suppose that the Protestant landed proprie or will allow his Protestant land to be carved into Catliolic votes , for the purpose of destroying his Protestant Church patronage—( hear , hear . ) Well , then how would the Charter destroy , the nuisance . VVhy , thns ; it would enfranchise the Catholic man , instead of the Protestant iund—( tremendous cheering and " bravo . " ) Now , just see what the-Reform Bill has done for Ireland . It has
increased the clearance ai ; d depopulating sy 3 tom from the mere dread of giving voie 3 to Catholics . A Repeal of the Union without the Charter ivould considerably augment the practice . Whereas , if every honest Irish Catholic carried his title deed to the franchise about wiih his person , the land ha ' . ing lost it representative quality , ven ^ eaHco would lose its sting . The Catholic iaan would deal with the Protestant church as becomeih justice , and the Protestant landlord well knowing that none were more industrious than tho Catholic peasantry , wouU say , * ' Now that you have the vote , cuins cultivate the land ; multiply and be fruitful , and replsiiish the earth "—( load and indescribable choiring . ) Mr . O'Connor then paid a most flattering
coraplimem to the Chartists a Loatioc . Ho described , in animated and glowing terms , the glorious triumph of the men of Maryleboue , aud the uo less splendid victory of the tailors on the same ni ^ ht ; and after entering into a clear and perspicuous illustration of the principles of Fre 3 Trade , he aroused every sympathy of his audienc 9 by a Jieartrend ' mg picture of the factory system , which he followed by an impassioned description of tho suffdrin ^ s of bis ccBBtrynien at Ruthcormao , and af : er swears in thns E-gland should never have jusiice unless l-elai . d had it at one and the same monuns , lie coj > - cludtd thus : —Chartists cf Birmingham , 1 have stood by yoa long ; I have stood by you well ; and I "will s : and by you still , when the storm rages , when the
tempes : blows hardest , when the fury of the breath of contending factious swellB the hurricane io its height , then you will see me at the helm proudly steering the vessel through the flhoals , and if she should strike , so help me God , I will sink with the wreck —( the deadest silence was here followed by au oatburst of the mesi general and enthusiastic applause it has ever been our lot to witness . ) The above is not even an outline of Mr . O'Connor ' s speech , which was universally admitted to have been the most powerful of his many triumphs in Birmingham , and the question now throughout the town is , in the mouvn of every middle clasB man , O'Connor has made the working classes too powerful for us , we must join them or surrender to tha Tories . Mr . O'Connor addresses the peopla to night , at the . Mechanics' Institute .
Tks Chauoias then put the resolution , woioh was as follows : — Resolved—" That Governments ought to exist foi the benefit of the governed ; and that any deviation frtm thU principle is an infringemeat of Iho most sacred and inalienable rights of man , as there can be no sufficient guarantee for liberty , life , or property without the recognition of those fundamental principles . " That no portien of society had at any time a right to umrp authority which essentially belonged to the vrhole , under pretence of anperior wealth , or intelligence : soch usurpation being in fleet a dissolution of
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the social comp-. ct , for where no protection isgiven . allegiance c ? n reasonably ba expected . . " Tn . it , as the history of the world , and : poet expe : iei > ee , clearly demonstrate that aU irresponsible Government make use of their power for their own aggranakement . It is thsreforo necessary to the wellt sing of society that they Baould be made responsible td and hold their power from the whole people , as the only guaranty a fot the honest discharge of the duties confided to them . " , - : o The lesolntion was carried unanimously amidst lond cheers . The Chaieman then called apon Mr . George White to move the second resolution .
Mr . White was received with loud cheers . He said they had assembled that evening for the purpose of considering the propriety of petitioning Parliament for the People ' s Charter ; and as the resolution which he had to propose referred to that document , he would endeavour to explain it to tho best of his ability—( a slight interruption was hero manifested by a few peK-ons under tho gallery ) . Mr . White proceeded , tie knew that considerable prejudice existed against him in the mhids of some individuals , on account of what had formerly taken place in that hall ; but it should be remembered that they were not met there that evening to irdujge in paltry personal feeling ; they were assembled for the purpose of endeavouring to remove tho evils which caused
tens of thousands of their fellow creatures to be famished for want of the common necessaries ' . of life . If any man wished to reply to anything advanced by him , he would no doubt receive a fair and impartial hearing ; and , when that was the case , no man had any right to inierupt another , but , in all cases where a hearing was refuted to any individual , they were justified in their interruption . ' - The Chartist cause depended solely on free discussion . They admitted the right of all men to speak at their meetings , and he had no doubt tVeir worthy Chairman would claim a hearing for any man who mighs wish to state his sentiments—( cheers ) . He would , without further preface , enter on the subject which he was appointed to lay beioro them . Some parties
were now getting up a cry in favour of Universal Suffrage , no doubt fancying thereby to entrap the working men , but a moment ' s consideration would satisfy them that were every man to have a vote without rhe protection of the ballot , it would bo a cun . 6 iiit-tead of a blessing , for their employers would be enabled to deprive them of the means of living , were they to vote in opposition to his wishes , and were they to be possessed of the Ballot , they would then be no better for they would s'ill be forced to elect either a Whig or a Tory , and ho thought that no man of common tense would walk a yard to decide which faction should have the privilege of robbing them , as tho present property qualification would deprive them , of tha power of making a fair selection . They would
ihussee tho indispensable necessity of hayiay those three points of die Charter . And supposing them to be granted without the other points , they v / ouid not secure a full , fair , and tree representation of the people . ; for , under the present systom , Parliaments were liable to exist seven years " : so that , if they onco returned a man to represent them , no matter liow they might object to his votes , they would have uo power to-remove him . They would , therefore , see the necessity of Annual Parliamenty . And if that wcro allowed thert would still remain tho injustice of small towns returning two Members , the t > ame as the immense population-of-Manchester . Birmingham , Glasgow , and Leeds , thus establishing tho necessity for dividing the country into equal
Electoral Districts , according to the number of adult male ? in each District , giving to cuch 20 , 000 the power e » i' returning one member to Parliament . No liian conld question the justice of such a etep . It therefore required no further explanation . He had thus clearly thewu tha absolute necessity tor the establishment of fivo points , and considered the eixth as the key-stona . Ono of the motto ' s of the Chartists was , " A fair day 'a wages for a fair day ' s work , " and as iho Charter would give them full power to choose any man whose honesty and ability should cause them to select . Lim as their representative , they Wuuld see iha necessity of paying him for his serr . ces , as it would ba doing a man an injury to tako him from his business without remunerating him
for his services . ( Hear , hear , and loud cheering . ) iicsiaes that , by paying him , they made him what a representative ought to be , namely , a servant to the peoplo instead of being a master , as at present . He would advise tho working mea to examine the Charter , to weigh it weli , and thoy would find that if any one point contained in it were to be excludorl it would not give them ihe necessary power to send man wno would make laws for their benefit . Some p « . oplo objected to Annual Parliaments , stating . as a reason chat it would cause turmoil and confusion , of course supposing that the business of elections wouid be a tissue of ab . « urditios and iutricases , as
was ihe oass with tho lleform Bill , which ueenicto be framed for the purpose of feeding a herd of brief ) , ss barristers , rather than benc-fitting the people ; and in order to eee the fallacy of this , ho reierreri them to the Charier itself , where they wouid fii : d the who ' s . laid down in a clear , perspicuous , ana strainhtforward manner . In fact ,. Iiohad never yet sen u man who could ttand before the public and o&ject to any part of the Charter ; it wouiU be therefore euperiluous in him to occupy their time auy further , as there were several other resolutions to bo brought before them . Ho would most c . oriliallv move tho second resolution : —
" That as the Government of Great Britain has proved itself inimical to tho best interests of the nation , by the enactment of unjust » nd arbitrary laws ; by the contempt wiia which they Lave treated the lawful and reasonable petitions of a suffering and oppressed people ; and as the Kef ? rm Bill has failed in remedying those griavunces , it being a heartless mockery of justice , inas ::. ucli a 3 the present , so called , House of CommonSj ia as corrupt as any heretofore in existence , a majority of that House being elected through the influence of members of the Houbo of Peers , and a large portion through tbe instrumentality of ¦ wealthy intlivlduala ; thereby proving a cc . ir . jjletH failure , bo far as the interests
of the ptjoply . iTo ' coiieeined ; we are therefore of opinion , that nothing abr-rfc of a conipiete char . go in the constitution of that , Houfco cau secure to the whole people tbe bltr . ssii . gs of bulf government , and the consequent happiness resulting therefrom ; und in order to secure those desirable ol-jVcts we ar < i < ieteruiined to exert ourselves by all peaceful and legal means for the establishment of Universal Suffrage , Annual Parliaments , Vote by Ballot , Equal Representation , the Abolitien of the Property Qualification , and i . » yrnent of Members of Parliament for their services , ;; s defiueii in the document entitled , ' the People ' s Charter ; ' nn : l we Bolehinly pledge ourselves nevt-r to cc'su our exertions until the same be established as the law of thi 3 realm . "
Mb . Eiies 'seconOt-d tho resolution . Ho thought that the resolution which he had tho honour to second , was eo well explained , that littlo would be required from him . His voico was not very strong , but he would endeavour to make himself heard . He had uow been forty years before them , they had an opportunity of judging nim , aud it was his pleasure to be able to say that he hai- always advocated those pnneiple 3 . He then entered into an exposition of the conduct of the oarties who had formerly
pretended to be the people ' s friends . Ha gavo a pathetic description of the people ' s sufferings ; and hoped the time was not far distant when those parties who had formerly left them , would return and tttke their place in the ranks of the people . He had always held thoso principles , : * nd always should ; lie was then seventy-tour years of age , and wonid hold firm by the principles of the Charier ; believing it to be the only means of delivering the people' from the miseries they so uujasily ondured . Mr . Emcs made several other observations and concluded amid loud
caeers . The Chairman then introduced Mr . Baibstow , of Leicester , to support the resolution , who was received with loud and long continued cheering , ai : d syoko as follows :- -Men of Birmingham , this is thy first time I fcViT stood before you , I embrace , as a most Bttiag occasion for the exchange of mutual congrauilAtion , as wei ! as for taking a review of « iiir pat ' s , und rejoicing ia the present proud position wo occupy . ( cheers . ) Why do 1 see this vast ocean of intelligence , this undistiuguishable mas 3 of hcatls . before . ' rao il Wiiy have you lefo your cottars to assemble hei-2 ? Why is the dins : > charnul house of poverty vacant and noiseless ? To what fhall I attribute the corarootion of this world of human beings—this intent
icitrest felt in politics , but to the face that you arrived at the conclusion , that until you take ycur i ; ffahs into your own hands you will ever be eacriflccd at the shr ' mo oi ' class-cupidity , er sectional iiitcr ' ast The" reason why you have leit your homes— have denied domestic felicity its tempory gratification , is because the sourco of social happiness has bae ' u dried up ; your home 3 bavo been blighted . into barrenness ; your hopes have bee ; i first dallied with bv faation , then delayed and betrayed ; iind , anon , blasted for ever . ( Cheering . ) Ye ? , my friends , I see here before me to-night , the effeot of that master curse , that demon-Cerberos , class legislation—( cheers)—but I see , Jilrewise , the very spirit in this vass assemblage that will ultimately overcome the' baleful causo . uf its existence , "for poverty ere it be quite overthrown , shall prove itself yet valiant ''—( enters ) The resolution I hold in my hand charges tne
present Government , with as much corruption , and of being as inimical to the pseple ' s interests as any that ever existed . In ibat condemnation ho most unequivocally and cordially concurred . Aye , he , the Tory Chartist , too —( laughter and cheers ) He heara , whea be rose , a roioe ia the meetin * :, ' 0 that' ^' DNoitinghamchap "—( laughter . ) Heunderstood the whole meaning of that expression , and he would reply to it , though in the beart of tho anti-Tory and Whiggifiedtown of Brummagem—( cheers . ) Whtii he aesittad to return Mr . Walter at the first . Nottingham election , he did it not from any love of Toryism ; no , God knew he hated that bloared thing . He did it iu the consciousness that the Whigs hung to office but by one thread , and that the return of Mr . Walter would cut that last link by which the despicable Whigs kept theinselveB there . Well , he succeeded in severing that thread , —down fell the whole piLe of imbecility they had been ereetin £ for
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eight years ;—ignominious , great , and eternal was that fiiU—( Loud applause , ) He did it to force , out the treacherous Whigs oiice moro upon tile ' vantage ground of Ridical Principles ; and had he not sueoeoded ?—( shouts of "Ye 8 , ye 8 * * ' andtremendous cheering . ) v Aye , to NottiDgham be *'^ went , fought , and conquered' - ^ - ( renewed cheering . ) Now , was that eaough for the snarling Whigling below him , vrhb yelped out Nottingham 1 ^ - ( Iarighl ; er . > Now , look at our altered , but proud poaition . Bo fore , wewere JackCadea , Wat Tylers , Robespierre 3 , and levellers : the Whig press teenied with the moat Tirulent vitaperation that ink of gall , a poisoned pen , and hireling ,- ' - - ' perjured penny-a-IiRers could scribble , ensconced behind the editorial : " We . "
They ( the ; GhartistB ) were misrepresented , maligned ; the foul fiend of persecution was invoked ; 500 of the bravest men who ever inhaled the light of heaven were immured in damp and putrid graves , and the noble chieftain at his right ; hand ( O'Connor ) , was choked in the suffocating " Hell" at York-- ( Ioud applause . ) Look now at Whiggery , and its counterpart , Chartism . " Plain John , " after smacking his lips , after-the spicy wines of a Whig feed in the " Modern Athens , " had boasted that Chartism was dead , and the sentence had been re-echoed through the realm ; but that night , before 10 , 000 people , he would stand npou its obsequies ^ and ringing his voice through its death caverns , he would shout" Chartism I come iorth l "^—( thunders of applause ,
foreome minutes . ) No , but while the very destroyer of Chartism was chuckling in the frenzy of victory —while revelling in the blind enthusiasm of heralding its reijuiem , behold ! the mighty giant rose , struck a blow , and at once levelled its antagonist , entombed Whiggery , and rung its death peal . Would the meeting pardon a parody ? - ^( ye 9 . ) Then he would' ask hot . "Adam" but " Wtiigjjery , - ^ where art thou V And not one solitary tongue ejaculated-- " Lq 2 here am il ., '—( Loud and long continued applause . ) Where we were formerly denounced , denunciation hasgiven place to courtship , and the lips that were yet quiverinjK and bloodless in the effort to stammer out " guilty" in the jury box against the Chartist victim , were nayv lined With silk velvet— :
" Begging with baited breath , ?* i bondman ' s key . " " O .. ' we oau do nothing withoufc you—unite with us , or wa must perish ' -- ( shouts of applauso and laughter . ) . Ah | all 1 but rather perish our right arms than that our Bubseryiency should ba purchaeed by compromise —( renewed and deafening cheers . ) What ! had thpy espoused th © Charter wheri every one despised it— -had thoy embraced it , when it was rejected by courtly sycophant ? , placehunting tools , and richly clad wealth , when power frowned uppa it , when adversity scowled upon it , when persecution shot itslenvonemed shafts at it , and would they now desert it ?—( shouts of "no , no , " and great oheering . ) The thuiider of that indignant negative ho would prolong and reverberate . No ,
after we had sceii ; ' Ciiurtism springing out of the soil watered by tho blood cf patriots Who had di . d on the field , or suffered death on the gcaifold . AFter we had sheltered it from the attempts to strangle it by the juggling of Whiggism ; after we had putified ita advocatds by passing through tho ordeal of the dungeon ; after an unparalelled eclipse of its central orb , O'Conrio . " , for sixteen months ; after tho dark deeds of blood penetrated by the spies of a corrupt government in Newport , Shefileld , Bradford , Dewsbury , in their own Bullring—after thoy had been spat upon and reviled , while caresBiug and hugging it in their arms—after tho dungeoned body of a Clayton had released its iiuprisoned spitit to ascend to its father and its
God , to plead there in its defence- —after the noble soul of a Shell had burst its raighty energies and left the last drop of his heart ' s blood to blacken upon the streets of Newport in defence of ii—after the patriotic but entrapped i ' rost , 'Williams , and Jones had been driven fromi-. 'their homes to the antipodies , their wives made widows , and thenchildren orphaned—after every cloud of despair had roiled away , from the firmament , and every vicissitude of misfcrtune had bean chased awaynowv when tiembiiug hope had been converted into realiaitionandtriuinphantceftainty . whenbpposition qiiailedand perfection Btaggered , whenproposalg for union were tendered from ft vary quarter—was that . the hour for compromise ; ho stood there firm to every principle and detail of the . Charter , and would swear ,
by every difficulty vanquiajiea , every enemy conquered , every hope of success cherished before the God of heaven , each and every soul in that vest assemblag © i as he would pour forth his whole spirit in that tiacred and irrevocablo oath , never to give up their agitation for the whole entire People ' s Charter , till death put a period to their struggle , cr victory closed it fur ever—( tremendous applause , during which ; Mr . O'Connor rose and Waved his hat most enthusiastically ) . Mr . Bairstow went on to argue the necessity of firmness with conciliation—the valus of union among all Refirmers for tlio Charter , entered into a beautiful strain cf apostrophe and invitation to all classes and parties , and concluded a most splendid speech amid tho most enthusiastic cheering , by giving his cordial support to tho motion .. : " . - ' -. *¦ ¦ ¦¦ . •'• ¦¦ ¦¦ . ¦ . ' '" ¦ - , . ¦
We cannot give one tithe of the effect produced by it ; the whole mass assembled were apparently electrified almost at the close of every senieuc . Mr . Sjhtii Lindom then presented himself to propose the iSational Fetitipn , and was received with loud cheera . He said it was very rare to see a working man like him , in a fustian jacket , appear in the Town Hall , as the mover of a resolution . He appeared befora them on that occasion for the purpose of moving the adoption of . the National Petition , and hoped that it would not only meet with their cordial apprbsttron , but that every man and Woman who loved their homes and children would
ft-el it to be their duty to sign it . He was not in the habit of addressing public meetings , and felt less on this ocoasion . as the principlos for the estaolishmeht of which tho petition was got up had been so ably explained and defended by the speakers who had preceded him—( hear , hear . ) Ho would , therefore , content himself by reading the petition , which abundantly spoke for . itself . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Lindon then read the petition in a clear and audible manner , and concluded by rnoving that it be adopted as the petition of the town of Birmingham , and l'etired amidst loud cheers . Mr . Walter Cooper Seconded the motion .
The Chairman then put the petition to the meeting , Which was carried unanimously . The Hall , at this tinio , was crowded to suffocation , a dense cloud of stf am , arising from the heat caused by tho pressure—thousands having to depart , who could not gain admission . Mr . Waltbu TiioBNE then proposed the following resolution : — ' ; " ¦ Resolved , That Mr Geoege White bo appointed as a Delegate to tho General Convention , on behalf of the town of Birmingham , and that tho petition be entrusted to his care for presentation to the House of Commons . " Mr . Walter Cooper seconded the motion , and made a few brief remarks in its behalf . The Chaikman then put the resolution , a few hands were held up a ^ aiusi it , ainidst the derisive shouts of tho meeting . He declared it carried almost unanimously .
Mr . Mason then proposed the following resolution , ' ¦ , ' ' ... - ¦¦' ¦' . ¦ , ' ' . . ¦ ¦ - " . - . ¦ '" . ' " Resolved , ( bat this meeting deeply sympathises with those expatriated natrots , Frost Williams , and Jones ; also iHowcli , Jonos , arid Roberts ; and are determined never to rest satisfied ur . til they be restored to tho bosom of tlieir faniilies . " . M ' Bi Mason niaJe a few excellent observations , and retired amidst loud cheers . Fbakgus OConxok , Esq ., seconded the motion . He said it was with- pain and sorrow ho rose t <) second tho motion . Tiisy pagb . 6 not now to be suing for nwrcy . j they ought to have justice . He said he
was present at the whole of the trials , and could bear witness ' . of the shameful -manner in which they had been entrapped . He thanked the men of England fci * their etiergy and perseverance in standing firm by those touch ii'jured men ; and the men ot Birmingham desrved tno thanks of the country for their exertions . Ho had a chest full of memorials to present , and only awaitod the return of the Queen to the palace , in order to dp so . He had orderd a cocked hat aud laced coat to be got readyj and would present them in person , Tho resolution ¦ was . tlipn put and carried unanimously , amid loud caters . ' - '¦' . , ' ¦ ' ; .. . ^' - ¦ ¦'" . ' ¦¦ : ; . ' . . ' . ¦ ' ¦ .. ¦ ''¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ : '¦ ¦" . ¦'
Mr . EiiiWARr moved a vote of thanks to the High ; - " Baiiiff for the kind manr . or in which he had granted the use of the Toivu Hall oa the present occasion . ' . ¦ ¦ ' : .. ¦ . . . V- ..- - v ,, ¦ ; ' : ""• ¦ ' ¦ ; : : : '' Mr . Follows saponded the motion , and boro testimony to the kind and gentlemanly manner in which the depntatioft had beeu received by that f ; jntlcmau , and the promptitude with whioh he granted its use —( loud cheers . ) The Chairman put the motion , which was oarrid uaanimously amid loud cheers . ^ Mr . Page having left the chair , Mr . Follows was calki theretft : . ' -
Mr . O'Connor then moved a vote of thanks to the Chairman . He was glad to find that , men of his order were uo' longer afraid to unite with the work iug men . He liked to see it , and to prove that he had no - objection to an honest uuioh with the middle classes , he would offer him the right hand of iriend £ ! iip . ; / ;; . .. ' . ¦ ' . ¦¦ . - ; : ¦; . : - : ' :,: ' ¦ ¦¦ . . - . - . ; .- ¦¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦; . ... Mr . O'Connor then shook hands with Mr . Page , aoiidst thu eathusiastic cheera of the / meetiDg . ' Mr . Walter Cooper seconded tha motion , and gpoko of the sincerity of the Chairman in ihe cause of'iiborty . . ' . ¦• ' : ¦'¦ ' .-. ' • ' ¦ ¦ ¦; ' . ' . ¦ - " ;; :: . ; . ' ;¦ ¦¦ .:: . ' -. ' . " --I : :.
Mr . Follows put tbe motion , . which was carried unanimously , amidBt great cheering . Three chcere were thea given for the ( People ' s Charter , three for feargus ^^ O ' Connpij three for Frost , WiUiams , and Jonesf and Jones , Howell , Roberts , and Jones . After which notice was given that Mr . O'Cennor would deliver a lecturo at the Mechanicd' Institute on the following evening , wheu all v / ho thought proper to join the National Cfcariit Aesociatioii wonld be supplied with carbi . Kotice was also Riven , that any person will-
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ing to join the association , might do it at the meetiagf in Astonrstrect , on Sanday , ; Mondayj and Wed- , liesday eveniags . . The ^^ nBKnBe , concourse tiien sloyWy disperEed , attd thu 3 ended one of the most enthusiastic , peaceable , and- ttnahunous meetings ever beld in the town of Birmingham . , Mr . O'Connor intends to visit Bilston , ; Wolverhampton , and neighbourhood , on Monday , March 14 th . He will arrive by the train from London , at noon ; and will accompany the procession to Bilston Thursday-night , half-pasl Ten o'Glock . Mr . O'Connor has just concluded his lecture , and was followed through the streets by hundreds of the working men , who obcared vehemently and kept up with the carriage , which waygoing at full speed . He has met with a most enthusiastic reception in Birmingham . The main body of those who ohc ored him through the streets were Irishmen .
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VOBKSHIBE LENT ASSIZES , WEDNESDAY , March 2 . The Yorkshire Spring Assizes commenced On Wednesday last , when the Courts for the county and the city respectively were opened by the Honourable Sir Robert Monsey Rolfe ^ Knigh t , one of the Barons of her Majesty ' s Court of Exchequer . The Learned Baron came to the ^ city by railwav from Darlington , on his return from the Assizes at Newcastle . 'At-five o ' clock the High Sheriff , William St . Quintin , Esq ., and the City Sheriff , Robert Tonge Hprsley . Esq . itogotherwith their respective retinues , met at the High Sheriff ' s lodgingsConey-street ,
, where theyshortly afterwards went in procession to the Railway Station , Tanner Row , to meet 'Mr . Baron Rolfe , who was expecfed by tbe North train , which arrives in the city at half-past five . JJpon this occasion the ceremony consequent ' upon' the escorting of the ' -.. Judges to the different Cpurts was of a much less imposing character than has heretofore been the case . In consequence ' . of tbe resolution some time ago passed by the magistrates at a Court of Gaol Sessions , certain forms hitherto observed were this day altogether dispensed with , and the num ? ber of the High Sheriff ' s ofiicial attendants was somewhat diminished .
CITY ASSIZES , Thursday , March 3 . On Thursday morning , about nine o'clock , the Right Honourable Sir James Parko , Knight , one of the Barons of the Court of Exchequer ^ attended-by the City Sheriff , the Recorder , thfi magistrates , and the aldermen of tho city , entered the Guildhall , and took his seat upon the bench ^ . The clerk of the Court then called over the names of the magistrates , coroners , constables ; &c ., after which the jGrand Jury were sworn and charged . C -. -,:. v- ^ The Grand Jury then retired , and the Court was adjourned forthwith to the Mansion House , and there * after to Wednesday week , the 23 rd instant .
CROWN COURT , Thursday , March 3 . , Shortly before twelve o'clock , Mr . Bahon Rolfb : entered the Crown Court and took his seas on the Bench . The names of the acting Justices of the three Ridingi ? , the Coroners ^ Chief ConstablesV &ci , having been called over , the fpllowiag Gentlemen wore empannelled as
THE GRAND JURY . Sir G , Strickland , Bart , of Newton , M . P . Foreman Sir Henry Boynton , Bart ., of Burton Agnes . Kpbert ; Bower , Esq ., Welham . Digby Cayley , Esq ., Ripon . WilHam Carrer , Esq ., of CHfton House . Henry Brewster Dprley , Esq ., of Hutton HaH . Charles Fairfax , Esq ., of Brandsby . Francis Hawkesworth Fawkea , Esq .. of Farnley . Mark Foulis , Esq ., of Heslerton Hall . James Halt , Esq ., of Scotbro *
Richard Hill , Esq ., of Thornton . Heary Wickkam Hisd , Esq ., of Low Moor House John Hlitton , Esq ., of Sober Hifi . George Llbyd , Esq ., of Stockton HalL Win . Marfeham , Esq ., of BeccaHall . Wm . Rutson , Esq ., of Newby Wiske . Philip Saltnaarshe , Esq ., of Saltmarshe . John Plutnbe Tempeat , Esq ., of Tong Hall . JamCs Walker , Esq ., of Sand Huttpn , Godfrey Wentwovth , Esq , | of WoolleyPark . Henry Willoughby , Esq ., of Birdsall .
Her Majesty's proclamation against vice , immorality , and profanonoss , and for tho encouragement of virtue , hayine ; been read , silence was enjoined and the Learned Baron proceeded to deliver
THE CHARGE . He said—He was extremely sorry to have to state to them , what they were all probably aware of , that tho numbers of cases to be submitted to them for their consideration were both numerous , and he was sorry tosay in most cases distinguished by circumetanccB of very great atrocity , as exhibitod in the charges againsfc the prisoners . Whether the charges tnadtt against the different prisoners might be established of course would be the result of their ( the Grand Jury ) investigation aad the subsequent investigations when the prisoners were put upon their trial . But if all the charges or even any large-por ^ tion of them arp established according to the way in which they were laid before him , he certainly did say
that they showed a degree of violence aud adisorderl y state of mind on the part of the persong charged . He had as far as he had beoh able since his arrival in tUis city endeavoured to make himself master of the facts of the worst cases , in order that he might , if any difficulty should suggest itself tohia or should suggest itself to them whfn they came to consider thecasea , and they should consult him in order that he might be able , asfar as possible , to guide them in tho discharge of their duties . He regretted , howtver , to say , that the great length of the depositions —he did not say they were unnecessarily so-nbad readered it impossible for him to make himself master of more tbaii . a very fetv cases . Under these circumstances what he meant to do
was when he left the Court ,, both that night and next day , to employ his tinie in making himself master of the facts of the difforent cases , in ordor that in case any diffioulties should sujegest theniselTes to him , or ruigjbt suggest themselves , to them when the cases came before thein , ho might have the honour of addressing them again . And he thought it better to adopt that liue of conduct , than in the present imperfect information of the facts ot imany of the cases , to address the Grand Jury upon those caaos , which he ih , ijught would be a waste of public tiino . There were on © or two cases , however , to which ho had directed his attention more particularly , aud f therefore , upon them ho . was wishful tohiake an obsei'vatiou or two . There were
no less than six case ? in which parties were charged with wilful murder , which would come before the consideration of the Grand Jury . One of those casts was ono which wras very peculiar in ths circumstances attending it , inasmuch -as it is related to a transaction which is said to have taken place eleven or twelve years a ^ o , tho murder being alleged to havei- ' .-been committed by the party charged , so long ago as the year 1830 . Now , the circumstances of the cases were peculiars hd whether they werestich as would satisfy the Grand Jury that the murder was committed by the persoii charged would naturally depend upon their oonsideration ,-Mt would be for them to say whether the circumstances of the case were sufnoient to bring home the commission of the crime to the party charged . The difficulty , however ^
which suggested itself to him- ^ -ho did not consider that , difficulty insuperable , but still- 'it was one worthy of consideration , —wasthe ^ difficulty of proving ; that any murder had in this case been committed .. Of course the Grand Jury are awaye that in this case there were two inquiries to which they would only have to direct their attention , before finding a bill ; first , whether a murder was committed , and secondly ' , Biipposng a raarder had been cQUiniitted was it commHted by tUo prisoncT . Now , most probably they Would find that the question which would cause thera thegreatesi difficulty was the first question . This was not generally the oase , for it generally happened that the difficult question was this , is the party charged guilty of the murder , there being no doubt about tha commission of tha offencia- ? but in this
case thbre happened to be a preliminary dfficulty which would require the best -. attention of the jury . Tho first question for their consideration would be Whether the person was murdered us all . Tho facts leading to suspicion were very short . Tho alleged deceased is seen oh a particiilai'day ana eincc then he has not been seen . In the course of the last summer , a skull and some bones of a human body are found . The evidence beforo theni tends to sliow that ; the skull thus found - " wasthe skull of the party said to have been murdered . Now one important point for their consideration would be Whether there was evidence sufficient to satiafv them that the skull found wns the skull of the party who was supposed to have been
murdered . Of course unless they were satisfied of that all further inquiry was out of the question . It is commonly said , and he ( the Learned IJarpn ) believed that they would find it so stated in the text-books , that they could never convict a person of murder until they saw the body of the' person murderea . That , however , was perhaps stretching the thing too far , for if they saw a person throw another overboard into tbe water and the body not to be found it Would be ridiculous to say that that paTty could iob be convicted of murdbr . Or if a man threw another Jntai a furnace , it would be ridiculous to say that he could not be convicted of the same offence . But the facts in this case are not so clear as that—a
man is last seen on a particular day , and lie has not bt « n seen elnoe . Tphia caa « would require great attention on the part of the gracd jury , for they might oonviofc a man of murder , and after all the person alleged to h » ve beoa murdeied . be ' still l "' ng « It Would bje for theni to consider frem the evidence which wonld be brought before them whether the skuil which had betn found wasfnch ftom its appearances as could be proved to have been that of tho person alleged to have been murdered , if they p . e satisfied on that point they would probably come to the ; conclusion that deceased had died by murder , and if bo , the next inquiry ; for ihem to determine would be whether the prisoner was the person who committed thai
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murder . There was another cac ^ wbAcb , ooenrred to him that it ; was ; fit ; heishould make an observafion—a case in which a person was charged with manslaughter from what was called . tnala praxis . In this ca
with it , or having the skill * did not choose to exert it , the offence was so palpable , that tho law considered it as manslaughter . But he ought to caution them that in thce cases , the question being the quantum of negligence , it was very difficult to draw a . lino a . priori with respcot ¦ ¦ "to it ; and it waafor them to say whether thero was such a degree of evidence as to show that there was such negligence aa to lead to the , death of the parfcy . He had looked through two or three o ^ her of the greater cases , bat they did not appear to him to present any difficultiea which ifc would be necessary for him to dwell upon . There was oner case Iii which three persons were charged with csmcu-. ting murder , and tho difficulty was the apt . at cnt absence ; of motive for
committing the crime , but this was not a great difficulty , because if the Evidence . as to the fact of tho murder being committed by the parties charged was strong , tho apparent absence of motive was not a circumstance which ought to influence their judgment . It was a cise depending entirely : upon the evidence as to the facts alleged , and there could be no difficulty in point of law . On a cursory yiew of the cases of a lighter character , or of more ordinary occurrence , he had not hitherto met with anything presenting any point of difficulty to his mind , aad probably tiioy would not present any difficulty to them , faajil-ar as they must be , and many he knew personally , from seeing them on former occasions on the Grand Jury , were familiar with the duties they had to discharge . If , however , any difficulty should arise , he saould have pleasure , as it was lus duty , to give them his assistance in any such difficulty . A suggestion has been made to him , by onei of their body , deputed for f hat purposenebelieved
by thedthersj as to the expediency of having some better arrapgement as to the time for taking those cases in which the more expensive sort of witnesses were engaged---he meant medical witnesses . It Was difficult to say in what oases such witnesses would ba engaged , but there were some kind of cases , such as murdor and manslaughter—in which it was probable they would be required , aiid he would give Bucb : directions to the officer with respect to those cases as to pronipto the object they had in view of detaining those witnesses as short a time as possible . It was not always possible to make the objects of justice accordant with the strictest economy , but where they could be combined it ought to be done . None of theee casos would be brought before them at pre ^ sent—they would Have before them cases of a more ordinary nature , and in the discharge of that part of their duty , they would how have the goodness to adjourn . ; . - . : : ' ; ¦ : . -: \ : ¦ . ' - . ¦ ¦ ¦ / ' : ' ' \_ , -- "'¦' ;¦ - '¦ ¦ ' .: ¦ ¦ ' . The Gentlemen of the Grand Jury then left the Conrfc to proceed with their , duties . ; "¦ ' ' ¦ ; ¦¦ ¦ ¦
. . ' / \ : . ' ;• : JUDGMENTS . ' " : ; ' ^ " - ' .-. . ^ : . ' . : - Sinvnlt dnJAf-hrvf > nt > ivcr ) it \ vffoa /» nri'Ctn . f oA dt f . T » tt Toe # ! . . - . '• . : . ;•• : judgments . . ¦ . ' - '¦;¦ " -.- . .. .. ¦;' ' ... : ¦ Sarah Goldthorpe ( who ^ was convicted at the last assizes , for conealing the b ^ rth of her child , ) was brought up for judgment . The Learned she was convicted at the la * t aedzesof a very serioa 3 offsnee , concealing the birth of her child , and in her case there were circamstanoes of great suspicion that a more serious offence had boen committed . At the trial a doubt wa 3 raised on apoint of law , wnich wasreserved for the opinion of the judges . They had dul y considered the case , and were unanimously of opinion that the conviction , was well founded . The sentence of the court therefore was that she be imprisoned two yeara to hard labour—to bear date from the time of conviction ' - : : "
BOBBEBY . Benjamin RedgikerM , was charged with having on the 4 th of June last ^ robbed ^ YiUiam Archer of four £ 5 notes , two half-sovereignsi and 17 s . 6 d . in ' silver . :-. ' -. ¦ - ¦ ' :: ¦'• . . ; . "¦ ¦' . .. ' , . "'; ¦ " v '¦ ' :.. ¦ ¦ - -. ¦ ¦ - ¦ " ¦ . ¦'¦ - ¦ '¦ Sir Grbgort Xewin and Mr . Hall were for the prosecutiOH ; Mr . Wilkiks defended the prisoner . - - - : " ' ; " :.. - , ' :-l ' . ; % [ . ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ ' . ¦' ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦' . ' . . ' .- ¦ . . - . -:. ¦' . The prosecutor is a jobber , and lives afc Flocktqa Common , and it appeared that at the beginning o £ June last , he became possessed of upwards of £ 20 . The prisoner by some means became asvare of that fact ; , and went to two persons , one of tha name of Haigh , who was fried at tae last assizes , and the other named WaMiaw , to devise a plan for . obtaining it . It was agreed that the prisones should induce the prosecutor to go to a field to cut grass , that Haigh and Walshaw should
secrete themselves in an adjoining fieW , and that they should push Redgiko into a ditcli , and rofr ; the prosecutor . Archer wag induced to cnt the grass , and was taking it home when the robbery was effected in the manner agreed upon . Information Was afterwards given by Wftlshaw to a constable named Scott , who apprehended the prisoner i and he said to him , "Well , I'll tell you all about it , " and produced the money in the presehco of a man named Hirst , the nptea being identified by the prosecntor . The constable allowed the prisoner to g ^ home , on {( romisiog that he would come to hiin on the folowing morning . He however absconded , was subsequently apprehended on a Bench wax-ant , and a true bill being found against him at the / hsi assizes . The Jury retired , and after an absence of twenty miuut ; s , found the prisoner guilty . . Sei . ; onca was deferred .: ' :-.- . . . ; " . ¦ .. ; ¦ ¦ ^ . - . . .- ' - vV- . , - - - . :.- ¦ . ;¦ ' ; :-:, ; .. .- The Court rose at four o ' clock .
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Iibeds T-R-: Printed For Tile Proprietor Feabff 0 ^ O'Connor, Esq., Of Hammerainiuj, Coan» Middleaex, By Joshua Hpbson, At Hi» ^Lnt" Ing Officeb; Nes. 12 And Is, Mwket-Stres*; W8" , Gate; And;Puwiahed By The $Aid Joshua Hqbsoki (For Uw Said Feasgds O^Connoe,) At Hi" ?*** Ling-House . No. 6, Mmket-Street, Brlggatej^ ; Internal Qbromuaication Existipf Between Tbe»_ ' Isfo. 5' Morkot-Strefet, And The Said. No«. ^ 2 ^ ; 13, Market-Street, Briggatey Thus Cbnstjtbtingtna : ¦Wholeioi The,^D ^Rinticg And Publishing O5 * 88 \ " Phefxemiaeb. : I '¦P .-^Y. ,"-' -. ' ; ':-;≫;. : -;I '¦' - ';¦ -., ^': . ' ¦- ¦ "' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - " Satarclay, . Marcli;^ 1842* ; ; ; ;¦ ;¦ '- ..;, ' . Y
IiBEDS t-r-: Printed for tile Proprietor FEABff 0 ^ O'CONNOR , Esq ., of HammerainiUJ , Coan » Middleaex , by JOSHUA HpBSON , at hi » ^ lnt " ing OfficeB ; Nes . 12 and IS , Mwket-stres *; W 8 " , gate ; and ; PuWiahed by the $ aid Joshua HQBSOKi ( for Uw said Feasgds O ^ Connoe , ) at hi" ?*** ling-house . No . 6 , MMket-street , Brlggatej ^ ; internal qbromuaication existipf between tbe »_ ' ISfo . 5 ' Morkot-strefet , and the said . No « . ^ ^ ; 13 , Market-street , Briggatey thus cbnstJtBtingtna : ¦ wholeioi the , ^ d ^ rinticg and Publishing O 5 * \ " pheFxemiaeB . : i '¦ P .- ^ y . , " - ' -. ' ; ' :- ;>; . : - ; i '¦' - ';¦ - ., ^' . ' ¦ - ¦ "' . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - " Satarclay , . Marcli ;^ 1842 * ; ; ; ;¦ ;¦ ' - .. ; , ' . y
Untitled Article
TH E N O R T H E R 3 ST S TAR ;
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 5, 1842, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct974/page/8/
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