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England couldiiever fiacre a sufficient security for her liberties vMie Irishmen vere Ktares . XLondaad continued cheers . ] , , " ... The motion tbs men read , and earned by acclar nation . ' " , , 3 fr . Ai . rBED Mjjts rose and moved the second lesolntion , - " That in- the opinion of this , meeting , the exercise of the eleetiTe : franchise should be regarded by every roter as the meass ofpromoting , not personal or party interests , but the common treal ; and that , therefore , with a -estricted constituency , it should be open to the inspection of those from whom it is unjustly withholden , while at thi same time this meeting is of opinion , that with an Universal "Constituency , every individual should be protected therein from the possibility of influence or intimidation ; that this meeting consequently deems the Ballot Box a necessary accompaniment of Universal Suffrage , but will not consent to its enaction en-. any other terms . " * B 8 MJggggggggggg !! gg g 5 Vmehml conHneTer fiarea rafedent security forherJ
Jlr . Joseph Jones seconded the resolution . Dr . Xitxob , of the Glasgow New Liberator , rose and said , Men of England , Working Men of Leeds , it is indeed a trinmph For me to see such a meeting as this , assembled lor some purpose , and under snch auspices , and at a time when the political aspects of the country look so threatening—when we are called upon to ¦ witness poverty and starvation at home , and war and desolation abroad . As a delegate from my native land , I come here at your request to witness your proceedings , and see in how far the spirit of freedom animates the breasts of Englishmen . This splendid hall—this crowded audience attest anxiety to press onward in the inarch of liberty ; and the cheers with which you have responded to the
sentiments of others who have preceded me , are alike honourable to them and to you . To me there could be no higher gratification than after many years straggling , almost alone , to make head against a tyrant . Aristocracy in defence of tlie inalienable rights of man , thus to find myself welcomed by the working men of Leeds ; I have been at Newcastle —have witnessed their enthusiasm there , and yours is not the less . It shows the spirit is abroad—that yon are fully alive to your just nshts—that knowing them your oare assent ihem—and this assures me , that yon will not be long ere you attain them . 1 have travelled a good deal in my day . I have visited other lands , and conversed with many distinguished men , but I have felt myself more honoured now in
standing forward along with that truly noble man , Siarman Crawford , who deserves so well of his country and mankind .- Throughout the whole of his career , his character has siooS out in bold relief , pure and uusullied amid the apostates around hirn ^ —one of the very few -who unawed by the breath of faction—unchanged by clamour—uninfluenced br praise , he has held on his undeviating course—the patriot and the man . —{ Tremendous cheering . ) I might fear to turn over again the ground which he has occupied with ability and effect , and the resolntion to wnieh 1 am to speak allude to a subject on which he has already addressed you ; but as a . good blow cannot be given too often if " it hits in the rijrht place . I shall take the liberty of saying a few words upon Universal Suffrage . I hate all money qualifications , for they necessarily lead to absurdities
once no amount of wealth can ever be a test of intelligence or virtue . The man who possesses a ten pound house has a vote—the man next door , Ms eqc ^ i in knowledge and virtue , his . superior it may be in political acquirements , pays only nine pounds , nineteen shillings , and elevenpencethree farthings—he have no vote ^—the diffe rence then is , just one farthing—therefore in that farthing consists the political qualification . ( Cheer 3 - auS laughter . ) Lord John Russell must be a cleverer fellow than I take him for—if he has succeeded in so measuring out mens' sense , that he can distribute with such exactness a farthing ' s worth of political power . All money qualifications are liable to the ssms . absurdity , and until it pleases Heaven to draw 2-uch a . line of demarcation between the virtue andintelngence of the rich and the poor as cannot be mistaken . I will never consent to anv man
beluodeprived of that right which he inherits along witti his existence , the right to have a voice in the . choice of representatives wko are to legislate over his property , - "his labour , and his life . ( Cheers . ) I stand then on the broad , the only honest principle , upon Universal Suffrage , and I shall never cease a ^ tanon "nnnl I see it secured to the community at Iarg 3 . ' ( Cheers . ) Before the Reform BID . . wns proposed you were a firm and united body bound in the adamantine links of interest and " friendship ; yon pressed , forward with one accord , and victory crowned your efforts , now however , how different is the scene : Society is divided into casts ; envy and jealousy have taken the / places of affection and esteem and" the
the bonds of equality and fellowship rent ainnder . since-one man has power to ryraiinize , while tin ? other i > under the necessity -oil submitting . At "I insist that the suf&age is the natural ri ^ ht of every - one , so 1 insist has he also the right to be protected in the conscientious exercise of it" And I know no means by which this can be more simply or effectually dene than by the ballot . Tell me r . ot that it I * ineffectual , and will not ensure secrecy , it is because osi enemies know that it will be too effectual that they oppose its introduction . Tell me not that it Lf ¦ nn- £ nhsh and unmanly . 1 know nothing that is so , but what is dishonest , and this the conscientious 61 scbanre of a sacred dutv never can he . —1 admire as
much as any man can ao , the fearless devotion to principle which a man shows in voting in the teeth-_ of oppatition , but I must regret the temporal ruin wlachis too often the- only reward of such devotion to jpr inriale , and therefore along with Universal Snnroge 1 demand the Ballot . The speaker then denounced in no measured terms tha atrocious Poor Law Amendment BiB , and declared that every man ought to ^ strike down t he villain who dared to put it in operation to 5 eparate a man from his wife or family . —He'then passed a high eulogiuni on the noble conduct of the workmen of England towards the Cotton Spinners of Glasgow , andin energetic and glowing colours expressed in Uieir name his grateful sense of a support which had enabled them to proceed to trial
with some Lope oi jnsnee , after which he resumed Lis stat amid great cheering . Sir . II i Li , Editor of the Northern Star , was received with cheers . He said he must be allowed to congratulate himself , the chairman , and the meeting , on- the noble demonstration of sound , honest , and Radical feeling evinced by this large . assemblage of true hearted working men . This wa * as it shonld be . This was the portion which , ¦ under present circumstances , working men ought to assume ; arid , as an Englishman , he was indeed proud to contrast the bold spirit , and determined character of coolness tuid Intelligence now manifested by thrf toiling millions of this much lauded , but Ill-s ' tarred , country with the quiescence which in
former days had been forged into the chains of thraldom and moulded into the fetters of bondage , in which they had been holden , thence to the present fen * . —( Cheers . ) His habits , his observat ion , and iis experience bad convinced him long , that the salvation of the people was in their own hands , and eorild be wrought out only b y themselves . He was not of those who lecommended the people to take the redressal of their grievances into their own hands , or to seize by " the hand of rudeness or physical violence even that which appertained strictly to them , and was their own . G od forbid that ever he should live to see the sabre glitter and the firebrand g lare upon the peaceful homes of Old England . There was enough , of mnral force within the era-m
and management of this great people to strike tie chill of terror into stouter hearts than the milksop sucklings of a Government like ours , without resort ing ; to the musket , the pistol , or the pike-Leave the contemplation of violence , and the threatening of bloodshed to the leeches , the " Yaltures , and the harpies with whom rapine is a trade , murder a profession , and lobbery a . virtue . The men of England desire not the destruction of the persons of their enemies—they wish not even to interfere with the property which , by the operation - of unrighteous laws , nas been accumulated from the nweat of their brow , and the waste of their bones and sinews in excessive labour . They ask not t ? ven for a restitution of their rights , for that
¦ would include far more than is demanded by the boldest Democrat of whom he had any knowledge ; but they ^ o seek to regain that footing of equahty with others of like form , and flesh , and blood , on which God and nature placed them , which has been wrested from , them by the subtlety of vice , practising upon unsuspecting virtue , in the first instance , and elevating itself to a position , by the assistance of that virtue which enabled it with shameless front to overthrow the structure of society as constituted in its origin , and victimize its benefactors . This was w head and . front of their offending . " They "tight to destroy the dominion of wrong—to hurl opjjreiaon from her eminence , and to restore the CruTTO to r ighteousness , and the Sceptre to justice tt the landl —( Load cheering . ) They had lately heard tie sacred name of " Eternal Justice desecrated by the most hollow and deceitful leader < £ the most base and treacherous faction that ever
soiled the annals of political intrigue , or cursed a coufidiug country with the pame of freedom , which , wongh ever rife upon their lips , was their heart's u ^ 5 " aud **?* ' The 7 ^ neard ** " * words Eternal Justice , " glibly gliding from the mouth ° » Rice and echoed by the fionest Peel , in reference w a measure of the most unblushing fraud and barefaced robbery , that could be practised on . any Jjwtntry , or endured by any people . What was Eternal Justice ? " Was it for one man to hang a ** ° al of ill-bred , idle , and dissipated Lordlings j and " w another man to cast the burden of a few Joandoned women , as an addition to the millstone Paging Tonnd the . people ' s necks ; while that Pfople , when their energies have been expended , « w their lives worn out , in the support of these * ° posU , are thrust into a dungeon , to spin out the " ?* k e reumant ° f existence npon black bread « wi hard cheese doled out in starvation morsels wee Lane * a day , from Monday morning until
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Saturday night r —{ Loud cheers . ) Is thia an exhibition of * Eternal Justice ?"—( No , no , and cheers . ) Is it Justice" that the coward ruffians , " who look big when danger 'bides afar" shonld lavish the resources of the country , collected from the labour of the people ^ that they should dip their hands into your pockets and into mine , and take out our money for the purpose of . keeping np the establishment of moneymongering despotism in Canada , when thousands of our countrymen at home are , through 4 he operation of its tender mercies , famishing with want , . dying with hunger—which a portion of that money might relieve for the moment , while the destruction of the system under which th « ir misery is induced , would afford thtfm permanent salvation . -1 iiIiii . 1 i . ii niii r it Ti ' "i in " 11
( Hear . ) Is this the operation of "Eternal Justice ?" ( Loud cries of "No , no . " ) WeD , then , if none of these . be " Justice , " what is it that the pr inciples of " Eternal Justice" dictate ? If the praters of " Eternal Justice" had been as conversant as was their duty , and might yet be found to have been their interest , with the depository of that religion , which they affect to tell us is " part and parcel of the law of the land , they wonld have known that " _ EternalJustice , " teaches us to render unto others that fall measure of right which we require in return . " Eternal Justice" disclaims all deeply studied guise—it seeks no pretext of dissimulationits theory is simple , and its tactics are " each for all and all for each . " These are the sterling
-democratic principles of jnsrice . These are the principles maintained b y every honest Radical , and , because they are so , it had been his glory , ever since his name became associated in the " slightest degree with the public movements of his countrymen—that he had been known and stigmatized by theenemies to the principle of "justice" as a " red hot Radical . " Sncli had been his character ever since-he had been known to the public , and such a character he hoped to carry withliim to the grave . The principle of " Eternal Justice , " while they accorded to every man , his" right would also protect him in the exercise of thatright . Hence , therefore , the Suffrage and the Ballot box , were twin sisters , whom " Eternal Justice" had joined together , and whom , if herightly
estimated the intelligence and spirit of the wpfkine men of this kingdom , they would never allow to be separated . ( Cheers . ) There were not wanting those who . prating about justice , and talking loudly of -an adherence to principle , aye to Radical principles , had yet the bold effrontery to tell the working millions , still' holden in political thraldom , that tlie Ballotwas the *• question of questions' "—and " the one tbir . ^ needfnl now to be struggled for . " Iseedful for what and for whom ? Was it needful for the large portion of the audience whom he saw before him ? ( No , no . ) Was it needfnl for 128 out of the 130 householders mimed by Lord John Russell , in bis famous speech . ; Was n protection for the vote ¦ n eedful for him who had no vote to be protected ? ( I \ o , no . ) Or need he , for the result of publicity , wlio voted for the maintenance and establishment of" eternal justice ? " T \ vas well , and perfectly
consistent for those who sought to uphold the totterins faction now in power ; or to upraise the prostrate faction now gasping for power—' twas well enough for those who studied not the public good , but the aggrandizement of party at whatever cost—' twas natural thai they should ask permission to indulge iu tue ainuseinfut of public spoliation secretly . But were the people ready to allow this ? Were They ready to conft * r the cloak of secrecy , on those who wanted no other refuge to inake them independent of the people , and enable them to spurn with safety the bridge ' that saved them ? Let them not be deceived into the lying supposition that the ten pound voters were favourable to their interests , and would return wore liberal mem ' i . ers , v . mler the protection of the Ballot . Ik " musr , indeeJ , know iitde , of the turpitude of human nature who couid perpetrate the conception of a folly like this . Every man ' s observation must have shown him ihat it was
contrary to Uie very nature of tmngs to expect it , raid if he had not wilfully shut bi = eyes , iu passingthrough the world , he must have known that all experience was against the supposition . ( Hear . ) Evefv-man hi this world is naturally desirous to set -what lie can , and to keep what he has gotten ; and so long as this principle is inherent in human nature , so long will you find a large majority of men" acting under its inriuence and developing it in evvry action of their lives , whether political or otherwise . Away then with the caut about those * rlii > new possess the franchise being desirous to extend it to their neighbours if their' lsuidlnrds wouU ] permit them . He had had some experience , and some opportunity of observation among the very
parties , lor whom the Ballot was most fervently implored , and he " could tell them that the landlords , whether- ^ higor Tory , from whose coercion li !> r-rtv was prayed were no t more hostile to Universal Su ffraai * than the tenants who complained of their tyranny . With Univer ^ l Suffrage t he Ballot would be necessary as a defence against individual act ? of tyranny and int imidation , because the franchise being thvu placed in the hands of the whole people , no ' would ; or ought to be , responsible to another for the way in which he exerciseu it . But so long as th-j Suffrage was restricted , within whatever bounds the restriction misht he . confined , tiiat portion of society which had the franchise , held it in trust for the welfbeing of the whole community and was answerable to every one who had it not . for the way in w ~ h ich the most sacred of all trusts h * d been discharged . The present elective body whs answerable to the
people , whose trustees they had btv : i improperly const ' tnted . and it was only . under the sunvillance p . vA wholesome control of tae people , that the trust coald cv « r be honestly , and fa . itnfuliy , executed . The people had now a moral lorce , iii the control which thev could exercise over the vote ' of the electors , which , when well directed , was irresistible and snSicieut to overturn the machinations of r . iiy faction a hundred times more powerful than that avilh which they now had to ik »; il , but if th > 'V once parted with this moral cudgel they would soou liud the battle to be lost . If they once consented to throw the _ mantle of secrecy over" any restricted franchise , their . moral power was annihilated and the only resource then left to them would be an appeal to that physical force we so earnestly deprecated . After farther enforcing the necessity of resisting all attempts to carry the Ballot without ' Universal Suffrage , . Mr . H . sat down .-. mid the applanse of the meeting .
jAr . Y » jLiii 5 i P ^ iiisTER , moved the third resolution . " That in the opinion of this meeting , long Parliaments have a necessary tendency tocorruption ; and , are contrary to the spirit of the British Constitution ; and that , therefore , Parliament ought to be elected every yecr . " Mr . Gavid Walteb had great pleasure jn seconding tlie resolution . The Chairman then called upon Mr . O'Coxxor ^ ¦ who was received with tremendous cheers . He then said ,, —Mr . Chairman and brother Radicals , Lord John Russell ( loud cheers ) is a very clever fellow—( cheers and laughter ) and he knows the state of Leeds innch better than you do ( hear , hear . ) because
thetwa hands that -were held up in that corner against the first rv .-idution were the two first individuals in Lord John Russell ' s nst of highly favoured friends who had had the franchise bestowed upon thtfin , ( hear , hear ) . These were the two men who have the franchise themselves and do not want to yive it to you . ( Cheers . ) That ' s the poet ' s corner . If you recollect some two years ago when from this spot I showed you my infant Radicalism , these were th-j ' two-men , and the only two men who hissed in that corner . ( Continued laughter . ) Nowmy itiends , I stand-before you upon difierent principles , and 1 may say that 1 am new a prouder man . I showed you tlieinfant / Ae / i , 7701 * behold it a monster grown to dgant ic size , and let Whigs and Tories , or both unite in their endeavours to
defeat those principles which all honest men have at heart . We bid them defiance , and tell Lord John Russell that all his attempts at opposition will be fruitless , feeble , and vain against tue great majority of a determined people . The last resolution that was proposed , was proposed as one of the most important measures thut are to be- acquired by Universal Suffrage . Let us obtain this , and we shall thim be put in the same position as the Connaught man was in reference to his horses : he said they had two great faults—one that they were very bad to catchj and the other , that when he had caught them they were good fomothing . ( Cheers . ) So would it be with the Whig * . Once let the mass of the population obtain the suffrage anc we are very much mistaken if we shall catch many Whigs in office ; and we are sure that whenever we do catch them they will be good for notbW for they will at best have only one year ' s olnnnW
( Loud cheers and laughter . ) This meeting makei me proud , because , but a very short time ago , tie . men of the west ward had one political creed—the men ot Holbeck another—and the men of Leeds another ; but the three divisions are now united and we have onl y one political creed . ( Tremenl dous cheers . ) If you had annual parliaments it would destroy that damning system so ably described by m « rf = y- con »» trjinaii , Suannan Crawford , that petty fogging system of paying by instalments . ( Cheers . ) Instead of having those who are vieine in the march of corruption , it would be to rais » for us men who would be most anxious to exalt themselves by - performing the greatest services ' to their country . Why is it that the Radicals of Entriaud have been bbmed r Why is it that the anathemas of W higs and 1 ones in their indignation , have been hurled-againstus ? Why ? but because we would not-submit to their pettifogging s 3 'sfcm . m ? nr
near . ) And then we are to be charged with disobedience , because we will not sacrifice principle to expediency . ( Cheers . ) Mr . O'Coxson honoured the men of Leeds for their stead y adherence to principle ; he honoured them because they had raised . the standard of freedom , and had in ^ -cribed in lasting- characters , the motto of « qual justice npon that banner , andlet the advocates of justice to Ireland , and of Universal Justice , aid the cause of Ireland , and if necessary draw aside the veil of moral force from that of which it was only the shadow . , Andlet them show ihu physical force that
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would be found concealed under that veil . His friend Mr . Crawford had made one mistake , but he perhaps after all might be right He might wish to forget and forgive ; but he ( Mr . O'Connor ) could not do so . ' Mr , Crawford said , give the Whigs another trial . If he could bring back the men of Dorchester , if he could set at liberty the men of Glasgow , who had been so shamefully imprisoned , and = were in all probability now before their jndgei if he could resuscitate those who had been depr ived oflife , leaving others helpless and defenceless to mourn their loss ; if he could recall those who had been banished for adhering to their country ' s interests , and in whose bosoms had burnt , as an inextinguishable fire , the name of patriotism , he would ,
then say give to the Whigs—the condemned Whigs anothertrial . ( Hear , and cheers . ) - " -We : "had - tried ' them session after session , and for year after year ; ) ut in spite of all our indulgence their own acts had been their own accusers , for after all they had promised , they had brought forthtRe ' asnres which at best had been ill sustained and which ultimately they- ' had never been abteto accomplish ^ ( Cheers . ) He would ask what the Whigs had done for the people ? They had literally done nothing : and they had not only done nothing but they had actually been carrying measures in unison with the Tories which the Tories could not carry themselves . ( Loud cheers . ) While the Whigs were on the opposition side theywoul . l not have allowed the Tories to cam' such measures
as they hadlately carried , but would have joined with the people in opposing by all their power those very measures which they themselves had passed . But he thanked God that the loud storm of politL-al indignation was hanging around them , and thafat . lii . st it would consign thorn to that oblivion ami disgrace in which they would meet with the loudest execrations of the p ' eople . The Whigs had tried us , and had seen what we had been able to do for them . Wu had carried the Reform Bill for them when they were not able to carry it for themselves ; and they had even said to the Radicals " Come , you have had . the benefit of the Reform Bill , do take -a little journey with us , do accompany us a little further , " a : id it ' you do not feel disposed to go all the way to Keighlev
do escort us as far as Bradford . ( Laughter and cheers . ) We ? kad gone with them many a weary , journey but we had always found'that > v-Iien-we-gotto the end of Whig lane , " thej" had travelled with' a dark lrkutern , and having accomplished their wishes , have turned round upon us and Hashing thn light in onr fiices had bid us good night saying they ' rouLl find the rest of the journey themselves . ( Cheev . i and laughter . ) Such was the position in which we were placed . We had tried the Whigs " . as reprearatatires , and we had condemned them for . their perforniaiices . They had loosened their powers of agitation and found what their principles were , and that they seemed as determined to struggle for - ¦ wielding authority in this laud of freedoiu as ever they , had ¦ been . But thev had deceived us and it was time to
appeal to the industrious classes of the country to commence setting up business ou their own account . ( Hear . ) It gave him pleasure to attend this meeting becense thu working men hud taken the responsibility of it entirely into their own hands . ; they had consulted ¦ . no one us to what course , they .. . should Eursue , or-what measures" they should propose , lie ad beea told that . Leeds was a rolteu . place , but they saw what could be done in a short time ., and that meet ing was a sufficient proof of the unanimity and determination of the men of Leeds to depend " upon their ovni resources and to put into operation their noblest exertions in the cause of freedom , lie . hail never interfered with their arrangements , ' , tor . his interference was altogether unnecessary ; tliey were able to mauasre tliemselves . Since he hail' coino
amongst them he foun . l he had come to agoi > d school , where lie could learn niauv useful lessons , and iiiieed where he . had already obtained " muck valuable- inlorinntion . He owed mnch to tlie opinions uftbes . men , and he was determined to stand by them : it all hazards to assisr thi ^ m in the protection of -their rights ; and he would appeal to the oppo . sers of this sysVein , whotlVerit was not much safer lor the general good of the country that working men thoi : la enlighten each other and come forward in thi .- < bold , manly , and independent -mariner , to maintain their principles rather than plod tn .: e ; hfi in ignonnice and auger when God knew where it would > top . ( Cheer ? . ) Had they had Amiui : l Parliaments v . ould thev have had the Wliius in
office for the last five , year »\ under tin ? guise , of Veiiig the friends of Reform ? flietir , hear , hear . ) No . iiu . Thej" would have taken butter care of thcniseivv 1 . ^ , and would have looked more closely niter their frituds , 'the Whigs , than to have allu . ved them t ) usurp taose " places and that power-which they k ' . d thus so shamefully abused . Who , lie would ask , had been beiiefitted by the Reform-Bill . ? If there was any mnii in that assembly that had felt his condition in the slightest degree amended'b y the measure ' , let him acknowledge it by holding up fiisrU'lit hand . ( A laugh . ) It appeared , ' then , that the " Reform " i Jill had"Let'ii of 110 advantage to those whom lie then addressed , inasmuch as it was not acknowledged by a sinjrle individual . That bill was Only intended to
be oi advantage to a very limited class of British subjects ; and it was an undoubted fact , that instead ot giriug an additional share of political iuflue ' nce to the manufacturing population , it lmd diminished that intiuence by extending the franchise amongst farmers auJ others more immediately connected with the- lauded interest . Had the people had Universal Sufirap-e and Animal Parliaments , they never " would hawsniViT ^ d snrli ar . ieasure : \ t the Starvation Act . as it had been justly termed , to have passed into a law ; nor wonld they liave suffered that still more iniquitous system of transportation under the name of emigration . How many thousands of whita slaves were annually transported to the American . Colonies for the purpose of cultivating the land , and thus to
increase its value to the American Land Company . The passing of tlr ' s ruid such like fraudnlent aud oppressive measures was not the act of the people , nor had it been done with their sanction . The-abuse of machiiiery , too , by which human labour had been rapplanted , was the " result of the want of that polit ical power which the people had a right to enjoy , lie did not -undervalue machinery . " ' 'He was of opirion tliat whatever tended to abridge humuu labour must be advantageous to man , if its advantages were fairly and properly distributed . But'it was not necessary-for him to tell them that the advantaws of machinery had been monopolized by alew grinding capitalists , who seemed eager to grasp at every opportunity for increasing their wealth without
the slightest regard to the interests of those who ought to reap the advantages of those improvement ^ . ( Lou d chei-rs . ) Tim - - , then , by this monopoly of / the advantages of machinery , a complaint had been raised about n surplus population . It was said that the inhabitants" of the country were more than it was able to support : and why ? Because machinery had supplant ed human labour , and the whole profits of-these , improvements-had-been monopolised by the manufacturers . ( Cheers . ) It was useless to talk to . him about a surplus population , when gentlemen cultivated their lands forthe purposes of pleasure , when they had their parks , their gardens , their race-herses , and their hounds . ( Hear , hear . ^ Let the laud " be " cultivated for useful
purposes ; let its produce be . fairly divided amougst those who had . a right to live upon the soil v . hen other means of subsistence failed them : and if it was found that the - produce , of the land , together with the profits of labour , were not sufficient to support the population , let them then cast lots for emigration , and seek that subsistence in other countries which could not be afforded them in the land of-their birih . ( Loud cheers . ) [ Mr . O'Connor , in a very animated style , continued to address the meeting for above an hour . ] He said that he had never recommended the people to adopt a course in which he did nor heartily join with them ; and so long as he continued to be an inhabitant of Leeds , the people would ever find him ready to lend his , aid in any measure calcul » ted to promote their interests and happiness , lie exhorted them to ' umty , and perseverance in their holy warfare , and * never to ferget that the contest in which they were engaged ntest of virtue
was " a co .. against vice : a struggle wherein knowledge was opposed to bigotry , lmd justice to oppression . -. . The people had never complained of a single act which did not press hard upon the working classes ; that it was folly and impudence for either Whigs or Tories- to talk of plunder and injustice , for the working classes were alone those who had been plundered and deprived of every enjoyment of life . Life was but liberty , and liberty was but the enjoyment of life . ( Cheers . ) He would leave the cause in their own hands : they had already erected the standard of liberty , around which they should rally ; -and the day was fnst hastening when injustice and oppression should be hurled from their dominion , and the cause of freedom , justice , and humanity should rise to that glorious triumph to which it was ultimately destined to at ' ain . Mr . O'Connor retired amid the loud and continued applause of the meeting .
Mr .-Joshua Hobson moved the next resolution . He woulu . not detain them by anv observations as there were others who would support it . , *" That a : . Property '• Qualification for Members of Parliament is absurd and unjust , unless it can be shewn that property confers talent or honesty on its possessor ? That every man is equally interested in the safety and piosperity of the state with all his fellow men and that , therefore , every man ought to be equally eligible for a Member of the Commons' House of Parliament , every man equally represented by-its Members and equally protected by the laws . " '
Mr . David Greek seconded it . Cap t . Woon supported the motion in a very able speach , in which he showed the nscesaty of th « Suffrage and the Ballot , and spoke at great length on the absurdity of the Property Qualification .- He was received with much applause . Mr . TEMPLETOXjthe reporter for the Northern Star , moved the next resolution , which he accompanied with a speech of some length , and which elicited coiK-iderableapplause .
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. ' That ^ while . thif . Vme ^ n ' g ''' cpntc ^ p i " ates '^ wj ^ h feelings of - the / deepest regret the civil : discord which now unhappily rages m Canada ^ it ^ , also rejoicesat .-.- . the noble ^ heroic , and independent spirit which th ^ Canadians have manifested in th eir opposition to ; the unconstitutional lriterfererice of : the British Goyernment ; and that it hereby pledges itself to oppose , by every constitutional mearid , any measure which may-he proposed either by the-present or . any other : Ministry , for the purpose of coercing the Canadians into subjection , until their real grievances are satifactorily redressed . " Mr . Auou 8 Tus ' Beaumq ? jt cfime forward to support the fifth resolution . '" ' "He said ihat after the eloquent speech of his younff friend , who had
nreceded him ,-little was ; left 16 be said . He stated that he should t provfT that the Ministry ^ in their conduct to Caiiadn , were gujlty of treasou , robbery , arson , and murder ; He should not have recourse to any pfatdri ' cal , art 3 , lbut by a reference to the laws of the land , provethat the . Ministers were ^ guilty of all those crimes in Canada ; and if the people of this coaptry should ever : be representeel by an honest Pariiameiit , one of its first acts would be to bring to the block Lord John liusseil , Lord Melbourne , and i $ i ^ ie ^ r " - ?* ?¦ ' aud "olile supporters , '" . ( Cheers . ) \ V aat was trejison ? Not . merely violating allegiance to'the- . Monarch . There was an allegiance due to the people , and Monarchs only existed < on the supposition that tliey were beneficial to ^ the naticih . It the
was duty of the Ministers to support the constitution of thy ; CGloniesnot- les . 3 than of the parent state , andevery act ofAiplence committed by tliein on colouml nghts , whicluiecessaril y conipelled them to revolt from the mother country , was an act of trcasoiv- to the nation . The colonies were as much ent itled to the ohservance of the coir . mon principles of _ justice , as Great Brituin . - : and Ireland " : 'i'he Ministry had ho jnqre right to commit robbery , arson , arid-. murder ,, in Caiiada , than they liad in Leeds . To violate the constitution . of Gariacla ; nrid so to compel them to take up ' arnis ,. was-a violation of the allegiance due by the sovereign to tlie people ; and upon the principle of miiiisterial responsibility ' ' then Lord John Rue-sell , Lord Melbourne , arid Lo ' ru
'Gl « nelg ought to be trie : ) , conileniiied and executed . I . ordCiosfoi'J , rvud Sir John Colbdrne were equ : illy liable to exectitiou' for the nir . rder and ar ^ 'on they hati had perpetrated in CanaJa , and which Whig and Tory papers alike glor ied ' . in * .. He ' should strictly refer them to the lav * - on the subject . Anterior " to the rebellion ( as it was then , called ) of the British North ' American . Colonies , wliicliare now the United States of North , America , ( cheers , ); : the British 21 ijiistry ho"i . claimed the right of taxing the colonies . When the American rebels -about J 778 \ vere Qn the point of achievingtlicir independence , the Miuisters of the day , finding that all chhncc ' of success on their partwas at an eiid , passed a statute of- Parliament for the i pu ' ^ dss , as they stiid / cftiuietiinrMs
. > lajesty s ' snujects m Ins Majesty ' s plan-titious-m ' North Americii . By ihis statute there was a solemn declaration that Britain would never tax the colonies , nor apply the ' . proceeds ' - of any impost to ' any otliter than colonial purposes . This statute failed of its purpose to conciliate the American revolts—they regarded the uct is a iraudulent-p ' . iu ' c ' e-oic parchment which was passed in a momerst . ' of feiir to be violated in the hour ( of rapacious confidence and ¦ tyniunicnl power . Thoy steadily . pursued . their course of rebellion , iiiid became a great republic . ( Clvjc-rs . ) This statute was , ihowever , still the Vayr of the " lii ' iia , itiid it had filially . settled the ¦ long-disputed' question between parent-. state and the colony , by ab . iihdoning all prosumud riijlit . ori ' the part of the former to
tux or . plunder the latter . So stood the act of 17 f& " . In tl : e year 1701 , Avhen ( ireat Britain , or rather her Tory-Ministers were on the point of entering into an inijust war witu rrance , —they in ostler to conci - liate . Canada , _ conceded a constitution to that coluny . By this act of . 1 / 91 the sole power to t ! ix the colonists was assighitd'to the House of . Assenibly of ¦ tUiit-coHMtry . He tlenibA the power of Parliament ¦ . waiter t-hjit constitnii . in witlioiit the consent of the coImdv ; inn , for tlie iiruumeiifs sake , ' ¦ . jiihnit ' thig the siippr . sed right of the I-jegisla . tur ' e ' . - "bf this nation to nlier the Canadian Constitution , without the will ot the iiihiibitnuts ••! ' . that ; - , couiitry , it -was .- evident it could only berepealed or moditied by another statute of i ' iir ijiment . Now , what liave the Ministers
done ? They had proceeded ¦ t ( i deeds of robbery by means of the ¦ ¦ . resolutions- ^ the very act charfred asraiust the long Parliament as oiie of itif ' iiiost atrocious nets . . A statute of Parliament had been I > as 3-d vdiich vested in the Canudiari Asseinblv the power of levyiiur t : ixcs , and liuviug the exclusive control of their public . , money . A precfsJitKr statute had solemnly abandoned ail claim on the jurt . of / the r . ritish linlion to app ' Topriiite the money of the colonies . These statutes were rendered nugatory by mere resolutions of the IIous « of Comnious , authoiisiug the Ministers to plunder the people of Cannda . Tlie- ' HousD - ' wr'Lords ^ aiictio ' uwl these . resblutiions —\ viven did they ever -refuse : their assent to .-intact of public robbery " ? ( Cr ies of never . )
These resolution ' s . " -. wt . ra however no repeal of the statutes to " : which he had . adverted ,. ^ and when Lord John liusseil , and Lord Melbourne were arraigned fur treason , arson , i-obbery , and miinier , they could iiotj )] j ud these resolutions as a justification for their crimes . The Whig Ministers , hiiying obtained tlie consent-of-their Tory allies to rob the people oi Canada , proceeded to carry out their conspiracy to plunder . They seized the money of the Canadians , and tlie defence set up for them by the Aiorning t ' linmide was this ; ' ¦ I ler iMaje-sty ' s / Ministers hud : v temporary occasion for the money , to phy colonial sinL'curiVts , : md ll ' ad ' .. therefore takenit' ^ aa if he were tu put hjs hand in the pocket of the geutieman Jiext hiiu v take out li : smonej-, arid calmly remark
Uh , I have a teuiiioniry , occasion : for the money , but you must not think this a robbery ^ " Suchwas the . ¦ ¦ iiuserable pick-pocket excuse Set up by the Ministry oi" this great nation , for robbing the people of adistnntp : ; rt ; of the Empire . ( Cries of shame : } His friend O'Connor had . , we ' ll , told them what were the class or . persons' who were benefited .. by the plunder . They were Colonial retainers of Lords rind Lordlings who were fed on colonial plunder , so that their , relations in the Parliariierit Horises here , might sell the mercenary ' votes of twentyor thirty Members of the House of Commons anil the : House of Lords , to : eriiible them to plunder the people in this country . The Canadians were naturally iridiguarit at this robbery , and demanded redress . The Miiiisters
proceeded irom robbery to murder . . They had ordered their mercenary ; soldiers , nnd more lriercen-ary soldier ; ofiicers , to TOmder the . ' -people , to burn them iilvve , and , for vengeance' sake , to burn down whole villages . rThiiik of that ( said he ) of ^ the hundreds of bur fellow men burned alive in one house ! Had imy one here any interest in that atrocity ?—( Cries of no . ) Had any working man in England , Scotlaud or Ireland any wish to sea such . a deed . of hell ' : CCries of no . ) 11 was perpetrjited to please a part of that same gang of people—plunderers which desolate this nation . It was tp gratify them that 100 men , each of whoni . waswo . rth a thousand Russells , Peels , orMelbounies , were burned alive !—possibly - amongst them the father , or brother , 6 f my young friend , who
nas addressed you with so much . feeling and eloquence , arising front the fact that all- ' his family are emigrants in the Colony which . ' ¦ . theWhig ¦' Ministry have embroiled in ci \ il war ! What must be his feelings when he thinks of the father whom he adored , whose- voice , ; after years of absence , he hoped again to hear , burned to death , and 6 f the brother of his . love ii \ ictim to th » Hames ? What must be the mother ' s sensations , when she . remembers pf her glorious son ,- her pride and stay in lifeno longer to be folded in hor maternal embrace—no more m all the joy and gladness of life , but a blackened coal ! What must be the ugony of the ' -faithful wife , when ' .-thf body she has so often folded in the wannth of love—pure and holy love , is nothini ? now
unt a heap ol ashes— the limbs arid form ; that father , mother , wife , arid sister have so often ^ contemplated with lote ' are reduced to cinders—aftar pasiintf thnru gh the agony of death , by iire . ¦ Heavens , thw is the . work of the British nation . —( Cries of no . ) 1 ou are right , it is not ¦ ithe work of the British nation , but of the nccursed AVhig Ministry and their detestable Tory : allies ^ - ( Hear . ) Think not my tnends , that these acts shall go uriaveuged . Lord Opsiord and Sir John Colboriie shall yet be put upon their trial at Westminster Hall ^ arid beinsr condemned , be hanged for their crimes , under 'the same statute under which suffered Governor Wall , albeit , he too was protected in Ws atn-ciotis act by the Ministers of the day . As was Walllhangedvso shall beGosfoid
; < , and C 6 lboriie , ( cheers ) j and jusuce will not be done them unless Russell , aiidMolbimrne , and Peel are hanged along with them ;—V fi "e erSi ) 'iue ^ ' ^ y of retribution arid vengeance snail yet come for houses and villages burned in avowed vindictivenesis , find men murdered and burned alive to please ^ Ministerial despots ; As for tue declaration of Martial Law by Ministers , that procuudirig was clearly illegal , the only power which coul-. put a Colpny ha « ng a Coustitutiori under Martial Law , was a council of war coinposed of the Governor , the Legislative Council , arid the Legislative Assembly , in other words , the Parliament of the Colony . That formality had riot been complied with , and therefore the usurped authority of the ( . ovornor in putting the Colony under Martial Law at the
unlawful order of the Whig Ministers , was an admbonal crime and no palliation of the treasons murders , robberies , and arsons , for which he shall yet be tried iuid : h ( iriged . r- ( Cheers . ) Noiyj my mends , you are here the representatives of Britiah justice—you know the defence set up by the Ministers through their hired advocates of the Pressyou have heard my charge against thein and ^ havtt weighed the evidence ; How ^ say : you- ^ re John 1 ? emmbnly ? dlle < l L «^ ^ Russell and Lord Melbourne guilty of treasonj . robbery , arson , ^ fei ^ ^ ^ y . ^ ^ WXeriei of guilty gu Kj . ) SuQh of you as give your yerdictofguilty Wn Sir ^ ^ TH ? -W ™ ** wto > le nSiriJS up t ! ieirhands . ) -. Hearken to your verUict- ^ yoii say . tiie Ministers ^^ are guilty of ^ treason , murdeS bbe ^ andanon and so . you Say all ? juries ofyes ^ yes
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we do ^ ) Qh ! my friends , how I do wish that I could giva effect to your mostrighteoas Verdict by pronouncing judgment of death and execution accordingv to law on these detestable violators of the laws of God arid- man ^ Cheers . ) Never shall we have peace m England : till tlie . precedent set in the reign ot henry the Eighth , when Empsey and Dudley , two ministers , not half sohad—^ not hali ' sacrimuwi —were hanged by the neck V oh , it was a glorious precedent . ( V ehemeiit cheers . ) Aftershewm-r how the Canadian ciul war must affect our commerces-aii'd so bring dowii the wages of working men . and erilogising the Canadians for their manly assertion of their rights , he concluded by expressing his detestation of all Avar as being only-. an accumalaticin of murder , but in struggling for liberty iV was glorious to . spill the life of the enemy of freedom , or to yield up one | s own , ' "— : ' . ¦¦ ' ¦¦¦ Blood like thk
" forltborty shctlsoholy is : "lt . wpuld not stuintlio purest rill " Which spiirklesainidst the Lowers of bliss . ; " Oh ! if theru be on this earthly sphere ¦ ¦ " > ' A buoiij an offering , Heaven hojds dear ; - " Ti :: ths last libation libertj draws ¦¦ ' : ' V ' roiii thohentt which bleeds andbrealb in her caiiso . " ( Loud and reiterated cheering and sjibriting ) The fifth resoiutiori was then put arid carriea unanimously , v " ' : : ¦; . ' '• . ¦ : ' ¦ '¦ . . " . ¦¦ ¦ ¦ • / ¦ :.. ' " ¦ ; . ' . A petition eriibodyir ig the preceding resolutions was iifterwards moved , seconued , -and unanimously adopted . Thanks were then voted to the Chairman , and the meeting separated . :- / : This was one of ths most lively and interesting meetings we everremember to iiava seen .
Original Correspondence. ¦ ¦¦ ¦
ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE . ¦ ¦¦ ¦
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' ; _ . _ - ;¦ ; - .. utBimn . - : : . - . . . ; ; ¦ Th e Editors of " Tlie Ncrthem Star " wish to be disUhctly ttaderaiopd taai in . affording a vehicle for the Jiiaeassioii p ? great Puolic Questions , they are not to be ideatjaed witli tae Schtiiacnts or tlie language of S 3 ieir ssveral CorrespondeJits .
TO TH 3 i RIGHT HONOURATSLK LORD JOHNfcUSSKU ., liKRMAJKSTVS . SI-lOIUOl'ARY 'Oi- ' STATE FOU tli-K HOME DEl'AlVlV . lliNT . My Lord , — -Her Majesty has been plensed to entrust- you with the management oilier domestic allairs . In your keeping , she has -lodged the responsibility of domestic peace or civil war . It is to yoti that she looks to advance the prosperity of Eughind . If adversity should prove the nation ' s ' portion , then will she justly charge ¦ : i / oii with iucompetency or treason . 1 acknowledge that your station is high—^ thiit your post is honourable ; I would approach you with deference , but this , ir . y Lord , is not the . time . when " an humble individual in a private st : itidn need opolojrisi . ) , fnr claiming the attention of one who must iuevatably shortly , if not removed from office , be the suvibur or . di-Sifroyerof his couutry .
My Lord , if the course of G overnnientbe not changed , England is at this ino : nunt on the brink of a civil war . I'lio institutions of the country are shaken to their-fpunVlafcion . v ^ -andil'iier Itlajesty / s ministers ' are resolved to : continue de ; if to the representations of her people , if tliey . rasolveto be deluded by the frilse statements of . hireling Conmr ' ssionDrs u nd their hangers 011 , —then , very shortly , they will be destroyed . My Lord , —The people of England lia \ ing passed through the " Jlctomi" tlelusion , —have opened their eyes . The only benefits which they have derived art ; the knowledge of their own strength—and that the Whigs , after all their professions , are their most deadly enemies . The expectations tliut had . been
1 ' a . ised : m the inijids ot the people , under the name of >* : . Hefprin , " have ended in disappointment . That ministry which promised . them peace—has sent them tlie sword 1 Instead oibreatVv . it has given them . separation , starvatipij , and imprisonment ! The " refu . sal , in . the >• llet ' ormed" House of Coiiimons to allow any ' . dise ' rission-ou the presentation of the : petitions of the people , proves that there is now no sympathy on the part of that House towards the people ^! Thy bungling piece of legislation about the registries proves the . total incapacity of its axitliors . —Tlie law which was passed in silence at midnight , empoweriiiff lier Majesty ' s Ministers to send strangers as spies niiu police-men , into our towns and villages , has satisfied the people of the un-English spirit of the" Ileforined- ' Llonse
¦ jT—aiid . that unnatural , unconstitutional ^ and unchristian law—called the liPoor Law Ainendinent Act , " has proved ta the people , that the iSte \ tion of the ' •'• Reformed" GovcrMricnt Js to reduce the iidioururs of England iou level with those o / Irllakd - ^ -aiid to destroy all their local attachinents to the miigistrates and local oincers of their districts ;—to place sjjies undi ; r different names , in all our hamlets , village , and ; to '\ yns ; - ^ nd to cover the country with an unconstitutional police :- ^ -thus establishing the hate-. fnl system of Irench-Centralizatioii by French-Espionajfe ! i-MyLorA ^ EnglinAmenmll nutsulmt to it . My Lord— ' I ' he " Reforming '' UoveriimentcanUot enforce it . Your strength uas in the people—eyon have shorn your own locks . —You may still have the power td . break down the pillars of the constitution— - ' but by so doing you will inost undoubtodlv nerish iii
the ruir . s . . The ^ eop le who carried yourself and your comrades into oifice , are now laughing when ¦¦ ' ¦ they henr i / ou declare " thaton your own responsibility you will force theintp submit to the power of the'Three Sonierset House Kings !" . Do not depend upon the army , my Lord , if you do , you will soon find that yoliare leuniug iipon a broken reed . The British soldiers are -much opposed to the New Poor Law , as theliritish labourers are . —They know that then are as likely to come to poverty as any of the operatives . They have { uoor parents , and wives , and children—and they have no wish to fight— to force their neurestreliytivea into bastiles . Besides , my Lord , they know that inany of their former coriirades , who hay * -earned their pensions in the field of battle , have ' been de-PViveduftheir honovrable pittance , and have been lodged in these hateful workhouses ' . ! ' ¦ ,:.: /¦ . ; '
My Lord , —Ths soldiers of the British army can guess , without being ; told—tliat the same principle which requires the destruction of the alms houses of the-iMor runUihe withdrawal of out door reliefy will very soou requite the destruction of Chelsea Hospitul , and the withdrawal of the veterans' pensions . If you wish to creato a mutiny in the British army , your most ^ inre : and efficacious plan will be , to employ them against the . people in the enforcem ent of the New Poor Law . Look at Biudfoiid , my Lord—that experiinwit proved . that the sOldiera must 'be .- ' inade ' drunk before they will fight against their brethren . But , my Lord , there ' -ig-no' need that you should thus disgrftc * the British soldier , —we " have other mode * of warfare than cannons , guns , and swords . We are now , for the last time , petitiouiug for the of the
repeal Poor Law Amendment Act . We shall see what effect those petitions produce on the " Reformed " House . If they should fail , we have other nwaiiit Teady tor adoption : —it will be time enough to inform your Lordship what they are when circumstances shall require their Use . They will prove invincible- * know they will . My Lord , the people of Lnglaiid are not for blood shedding—they are loyal to their Queen—they have no wish to rymove the coronets from the Aristocracy , nor do they envy them their estates , —but they will riot fail down , and worship the three kings :- ^ -they will not submit lo be taxed , impriso / ied , and divorced by laws made and jjromutgatedby three strangers to the constitution . No , my Lord , Englishmen know their rights , - . and they have still the courage to ? iiaintain them .
" Englishmen shall not be imprisoned except BY THE LEGAL JUIXiSlENT OF THEIR PEERS , OR BY THE u i 7 r ™ £ W »' " and > if it has pleased the W ? . * " ? ^ " parliament , to revoke this essential principle of Magxa Cmarta , then , in the words of the same document , "It shall be null ahd void —NElTHEn SHALL THE CROWS EVER MAKE USE OF IT QTHER ^ BY ITSELF OR ANY OTHEB . " My Lord , We know that , by the Bill of Rights , " the Crown HAS KG POWER TO LEVY MONEY , WHICH ) IS NOT grafted by . Parliament ; " and if the crown be deprived oi that . power , how can Englishmen be expected to submit tothe taxation of threa tr ^ tn ^ t
lriey neither can , nor will . The three kings are not so firmlywated aa was James the Second ; Let thenirememberhufat ^ . and the cause . Again , my Lord , it is certain that marriage is a * binduY- in pov ^ as in wealth ; and : that ^ by the law ofB wliichisin erwoven in the lawJf this land , it ? s declared- ^' For this cause shall a maii Se Us mer ^ w ^ andtleaveMAis wife ) "Sfi team Uall be Me jlesh ; so then they are ? £ tW , butonejlesh : What , therefore , XJod Z 7 n Sxo ^ f ^ 'V ^ ^ OT MAN PUT ' ASUNDER ^ ^ Refoiw ^^ 8 tand ^ » l yont place , in the Jt ilS- H p « e of Common ., hofdiug the seals t& - V me Oil , \ ^^ ^ " « Queen , has giv « n Je lie to Jesus Christ , andhas resolved , by : " force , " ro ^ D ^ cE ^ HEn pamper BUBJECT 8-and > totake g ^ f' ^ j poir yoqrself ! " The people of {[^^;^^ ever ^ resolved that a second J Wll shall bleed , rather ^ ^ than that the marriage union shall be dissolved by poverty . Y ^ Av . linS ,
thosoofa , " reforming ^ Minister ! Your LoWship may , perhaps , think that it is impertinent for aii mdiviaualjike mygelf ; ^ address one in so high a Station as ^ you are . I am in the secrets of niilhoris , S ™ S ? A' 1 Ve m ^ u ^ tr >' ' ^ l would avert th »' ^ rca ened dopmi Thi is my first ' letter to your X j ord ^ hip on , the subject . 1 wish ^ in th « ^ first instancu ,. to ^ impress upon yonr mind that it is ( wtus ,: the : ^ rLaw . J / nendment Jet is unconare . fljrmm edcoiistttutionatly to REskst it , You have « 'f ^ % ?* $ ' responsibility ''—on your head let it rest . —forthe present , I have the horionr to remain , 1 our Lprdahip'B most obedient Servant ,
F ' rl iru ^ WCHAKP OASTLER . * t * by Hall , near Huddersfield . - _ . , i / ec , 20 a 837 . ...: "¦ ¦¦' ¦ . ¦ - '¦ ¦ , ' '¦ " . "¦'• ¦ ¦ ¦?• S . —My Lord , the people of England are disgusted—when they reflectupon th * insult irhich you
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offered to ^ ^ theQuean and : to the nation ^ -byTeiUii » fcher . Majesty to cougratulate her . Parliament in h * x-r first royal speech , " ou domestic peace arid inteinaEv tranquillity , ' --at-the ? very , momejut when you lau&r that the troops arid her peopre were in bloody cott ^ - llict , by . ypyr orders ,, in orie of her maaufeicUirnvs--towns . > ; , ; - ; .: . . / . .. ; . y . , ; . ;¦ . . :. ' . ¦ - : , ¦ . ^ = H ,
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: ; : ;¦ ¦ ¦ ;; , : qoj&j ^ j ^^ } TO THE ^ EDltoRS ; OF THE NORTHERN STAR . V T" ? re . wns apiece of information about Co-opera-^¦ ¦^^¦^ eweelilv in your paper of last £ ki ^ which delighted me not a . little , ' , Though a shopkeeper , ^ teel none of that alarm whieh some ^ f ourshorfc-sighted brethren experience at the xmtg ^ ss ortlie above Society . On tlie coutrary , ^ I Snnfe ^ -t oBers . the strongest reasoss for rejoicing to everv shopkeeper and manufacturer in the country . If th& co-operutive state of society can once be established ^ not only the working clnsH , but the sho pkeepers and manufacturers will henceforth be secure ' from ^ poverty " ' but if it bn not estabiislied who can say thath& » irideinuified and beyond the reach of waiit- ^ -wfcc ' can proinii-e himself amidst the continual ban ! : — mptcics and -failures that surround us on every sideithat his fate shall iiot be the next . I will sueak .
tomy lellojy-shoykeepers ' -aud mariufhettirers who have hitherto been , comparativel y speaking , well pftyaaiti have brought up . their fanulies in a genteel mannen . aud fitted therii to move iu the refined circles o& middle-life , and I will ask them what mu ^ feeliugswhen ^^ cast from tUe ^ pinnacle , of their elevate'd life , and plunged into the common walk ohard-earned p ' oytrty and degradation by the ruthlest-. vyorkings of our social evils . And do thyae thin ^ s ^ never happen ? Alas ! . it is not a thing of the-iiiiaginatiqri—a , talp . " tofrightenbrvbes , withal , '' butoneof coristautoccurence . Bylookiijg over the Gazette fois ( aid tliat a day seldom passes , but some family , witK le ^ hngs forniftd . for -the supiraer walksof "life , isremorseledsly fiunginto that froizeri path of existencewhich blasts every blbssoiri , -and freezes every . bud cs £ present p . assion or future hope . - . '¦" .:. :.. ;
fellow : sliopkeepers aiiot manufacturers , look not .-withmistrust 011 the humble eilorts of the Hudclersfield . Co ^ operatiyes , for their , cause is ourSyQaywe are . more interested iu . 'their success . than the- ^ working' nieu tlveiiiselvesi-for when y ; e fall , we suffer ten-fold misery in comparison to those whohave beeit inured to privation throughout ; a ' life ; 'of want . - But you may probably ask , _ how or in what manner is the success of cn-pperatipri connected \ yiih . our wetttare or inis ' ery ? 1 grant yon a right to an answer before you entertain the pacific cousideratioris whiclt I aril Urging upon you . As i have made the ^ priaciples a part ' ' of my study , 1 hone I shall be . able-isr
answer this query to your satisfaction . The objees is to make property national , instead of . indiyiduj&V and ¦ -personal .,, and all the people arebe joint- nr »^ prictbrs . : '¦ ¦ . . ¦ . - . ; . ; . '¦ ¦ . ' ..: ' . ' . ' - . " ¦ -V ; -- ¦¦ ¦' . ' . This gT&at change is to be wrought gfaduallyj byz first Establishing a , trading society , which has beefe done , the : * purchasing houses , until they have got district ; frorii a district they will buy aparish ; from a * parish ii county ; and from a county akingdom . Any man inny beccVirie a member of ; the society , I dare say , and as the society will want-. all sorts of trades men ,-shopkeepers , and managers , all these various branches Will : find profitable : employment ^ aiii ife person y / ill be excluded who iswilliiig to join .
; Now ,- it . w ill be perceived from this plan , that » & < kind of violence is intended to the possessors of nrs ^ - perty , for ^ . ait property is to be bought ; therefo ^ evtk «' ( . ¦ hange . mrist be gradual , and in some measurejimpt-rceptiblc , but certainly uriiujurious to any person .-Let no one tear of ha \ iug to mix with what are now c .-nsillered the common people , for according to . this plan , all are . to . be educated . in a much superiormaniier to what the best informed and most pohte of t ^ middle classes are at prnsent ; therefore , 'the fear oC having to mix with a v ' uJ ' gar ' ..-and ignorant mob-. . ' altogether groundless . There , will be no such
characters found in the country ; all the people , wilt be eajial in politeness aud . iiitelligence to those youesteem the / . most for their proper ties . . Drunkenness ? theft , debauchery , and licentiousness , yrfll be rooted , out of the laufl ;; and nothing - . ¦ ¦ but' pleasing sights and sounds' will be seen > and heard . Such are- the objects of : the Co-operators of iruddersfield , arid 1 now ask my urother shopkeepers , and the mann--factUrers , whether they ought to be looked upon s& enemies or friends ? Certainly no riian , or any body of Jiien , caii view these Co-operators as enemies : tc their ieilow-creatures but as their best friends . ¦ ' \
If I had iieyar looked beyoriltbe till and counter ; . I might have been , alarmed . But I have , arid thoughit may seem at first sight contrary to uiy iuteresU 1 sincorely hope v that I shull live to see the day-when they will notonly possess what they now havebut the whoW county of York to boot ; and should that day fortunately come , I shall be glad to change the banfth ' ta . of " shopkeepirig for a pcnnaneiit situation in the great socialrejpubliq . " . /¦ :: : : ¦ -Vv , ¦' . ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦¦ When society shall have been moulded into- thfe form , Boman will have to labour above three honra a day , and this will command a sufneiericy of evesj ; liecessary , and every pliilospphical refinement in life . I have shown you what rimy take place if co ^ operatipn be . establi ' shed : let me now show you what wUft take place , if it , or something like it , is not established ¦ If it * consult liistbry ,. v , e shall find that where ever »> small poTtion of . the " ' people have become immensel * - rich , a vast bodyr of tli « people , on the other handV b
aave ecame , extremely poor ; arid we further find .. that the rich , ; as a body , have invariably become corrupt , eft ' enunate , arid weak ; that the vast body of the poverty-stricken race have- had their spirit of nationality , patriotism , and ; maulinesi--those qualms of ; nations ,, and pedestals of eftipires—absorbed in thebase .. passion ofpetty turbauce , and slavish , imitation oi the . efieminate rich , till domesticbroils and civil strife have rendered them an easy prey to the , fui 3 vigorous : people , orinyadirig army , that took thetrouv- ^ ble to pronounce their ^ nationality .. Eugiand is how treadingin thispath . One portioit have become rich arid etTeminate , theremaiiiiBg ^ vast bodyare becoming every day poorer . Thenatural cbiisequence of this state of things mustfollow ; arid denationalization will be ^^ the resultj : - Co-operatiqri , at soiggthing like it , iijiust step im and distribute jubre equally the wealth :. of the cbuntey and make ^ it the interest of every maufto niaintaiiv our nationality entire . | _ ' ' ¦ . ' ¦ /• ' - ' ¦ ¦ . A SHOPKEEPER ^ Iiiiddersjield , January 8 , 1838 , ! '
Untitled Article
TO THE EDITORS OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Gentlemex , —I was not a little gurprised rip « i reading the . acconnt of bur excellent meeting iu ih&-last week ' s Northern Star , to find myself represented as saying , that . ¦ •» there is a royal pauper receivirijr £ 150 , 000 a year !! . " ¦ I am at a loss hoVto account for your having got such a report ; for I find Mr .. (> reaves' speech , Mr . Haliday's speech * arid Mn . Knight ' s .-roeuchj all properly reported- ; and mirie and Mr . Alex . Taylor ' s almost entirel y .: suppresse < l :. and iriiue ' verjrmuch misrepresented , even inthefewsentences retained ; I did riot say there was a roy * pauper receiving £ 150 , 000 a ; year ; brii that there were on the Pension List 1018 , including three Toyal paupers , receiving that sum airiongst them ; apd . tuau mat wouia
sum Keep 44 , bbD poor persons at ¦ lojd ., per week , for a year ; and . that parson Low said it was : quite a sumptuous fare ; that he himse-IE had nved upon it for a month , and found that be was much' tairer , and in better health ; than wheiv living upou his own income of £ ^ , 000 ayear . Had it not been for the mis-stateinentin this respect , I should not have intruded so far upon your valuabfe time , -fov I care , nothing at all about my speech ho being reported , because I did riot go to the meeting ; tor the mere purpose of inakiug a speech , but to assist in opposing the Poor Law Amendment Act . liyou will have the goodnes 3 to insert these remarks , ( ifter such cbrrectiori as you may deem necessary ) m ' this veeXsNort / iern Star , you will greatly oblige , :. -. ¦ : ; ,. . . ¦; :-.- ¦ b - . Yours obediently , . „ . _ J . L . QUARMBY . Eagle Street , Oldham , . - Jan ; 4 , lS 38 . : . ' ¦ ' .-, ' :,-..
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Untitled Article
THE TEAR OF BEAUTY .. The tear that falls from i ^ Rauty ' s eye - ( More viilu'd thiin an eastern geiu , ) Rivals the spanglets of tke sk y , — . ' Outsiiines the costly diadem . . India may Boast her mines of goid , — " ' ¦¦ " ^ Wind * waft Arabia ' s spices acrZ— . ^^^ ^ worthless all we hold .: ¦« eigh d and cpinpar'd with I > eaut / s Tear . The tea . r . that weta her lovely cheek , _ Mor . ejprecious than an orient pearl , TeUa of the leeUngspiireandmeek , \ Vh : cli in her stamlt' 83 bosom dwell . Wben fill'd with thoughts-bat half express'd , / - OfpK-gone scones , and distant years ; Vvny on tfuit portrait onhyr bre » st Unbidden falls her silent tears ? Perhaps a father ' s form she views , . ' : "'' -V : ; . OrVbsent brother meets her eye ; .. V Perchance the ivory tjiblet show j : ¦ Some secret , cause for synipatbr . Perhaps a favour'd lover claims : : Her Contl regretSj her anxious care ; . Br vii ) lence : lbrc'dtoqTiit heranria . A prey to anguish and despaljr . - : ; . Or , ifai fond lbv' 4 wife is she : : ' . ¦ ¦ H ^ Kfr *^^ ' ilt ^ W 1 ' Her team bid tune more swiltly Hep And haateabacfc . herlprd ? 8 r eturn . r ^^^^^^ X ^ memory aLr , t ¦ ¦ :. ^^^!^ &S ^ m ^{ -:
Untitled Article
> tANUABY 13 , ifas . - :- ¦ ¦ -:- - - ¦ ¦ - ¦ c ^ H : E ;^ -0 R ; ra ¦ ¦ ¦ =. ¦ r " . ;¦ : .,.. ^ : V ,- / . ¦;¦ ¦ -. ¦ : : : v- : ' -:. t ^< ' ' \^^ : ' - ' ; v ; - ^^?^; > ¦ gggp—¦ 11 iiiimimijiw 1 , 1 ' mi niijiiiiiii " '• «' - - ¦ l jll ^ ml j . \ m "¦ ' ' - ¦ il ^ i ... i . j ^_^ ii- . ^ . ^ ; - ^ : ! v ¦ ¦• ¦ - '¦ " "• ' •¦¦' ¦ - - ¦ ¦ ¦•¦ '•¦ : ¦ " ' ;' :- - ¦ - -.- - ; ¦ .- ¦ . : ¦ ' ..: ¦ : .. ¦ ¦ ' ' -..- . ¦ ¦ ¦ ' : : ::: ' - - : . -. . - ¦ '¦ . '¦ ' r i : , ' -:- ¦' - ' . " : ¦ ¦ : !';' - "' :-. vr :- ¦ : ¦;< ::: ¦ : ' \ -. \ i'tr . :-.: ; " — ¦ - -- - • ¦ ¦ - — - - ' """""" ¦ ¦ —— - ^ . j mi i iw uih' ^ mwh h ... -. — . ^ -- ^—^^_ . , | j ||| M | H ||||| , ¦ ¦ - -, ^ - . ¦¦ .. ..,. - . - - . - ;; - yw ¦ :..,-.. ¦ . -... , ^ ,: : rv ; *
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 13, 1838, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct988/page/7/
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