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410 T H E I< E A P E R. [No. 319, Saturd...
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IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. "" —? Monday, April...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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• The " Two Gi*Eat Parties Of The State"...
not with Lord Pauuerston ' s Ministry , but with Lord Aberdeen ' s . The Premier , however , refused to accept an ' evasion of the judgnieot : he demanded a division at once upon the mam question . The state of the members in the House favoured him , but Mr . Disraeli threatened to continue dividing upon the question of adjournment ; and thus , Although the adjournment was negatived by 243 to 173 , the discussion was allowed to stand over till Thursday . For a third time the subject was debated by the " Dons" —Sir Jambs Graham and Lord John " doing the impartial , " with speeches half for the attack , and votes for « the Liberal party ; " and the Whitesidb
case was dismissed by 303 to 176 . Kars is a bygone subject . The public has now fastened its interest upon other things , which have reference to the future . Lord Lyndhukst , last Week , had given notice of a motion for calling attention to the state of Italy , but he allowed it to stand over at the request of Lord Clarendon ,
who has announced that he shall call attention to the Treaty of Peace and the proceedings in Paris on Monday next . On the score of that motion , Xiord Malmebbuet has withdrawn his duplicate of Mr . Whiteside ' s vote of censure about Kars ; the true reason , however , being , that Lord Derby ' s colleagues in the House of Lords see how they Lave lost ground by Mr . Whixebide ' s portentous
Irish blunder . The perusal of the Peace papers , as we have said , has been favourable to Ministers . The work of arranging the Turkish Question and its collaterals , has * been well executed . The missing articles in the Treaty of Peace comprised two provisions for bringing Turkey specifically within the European system , and for referring any question between Turkey and either of the parties signing the Treaty , to the arbitration of the rest—a precedent for introducing the much commended arbitration principle . A novelty for which the
public was scarcely prepared , is the declaration on maritime law , which not only surrenders the principle defended by England in the great tfiiif , that the enemy ' s goods are liable to seizure wnerever they are found—even in neutral ships—but expressly declares that the neutral flag covers the goods , and goes beyond to declare that neutral goods are safe , even tinder the enemy ' s flag . This is indeed a wholesale surrender to the prin ciple of free trade , emanating from the Foreign Secretary of a despotic and not a commercial master , the Emperor ! N " afoij : on .
But unquestionably the public interest now turns to those proceedings which had no legislative results , on the 8 tn of April , the day on which Count "Walewski invited further action of the Allied Powers in tinkering the Government of Greece , an intervention in Italy , and a united compulsion npon the Belgian Government to put restraints upon the press of that country . With regard to Italy , the British Plenipotentiary spoke fairly enough in direct parallel to ' the Memorial of Count Cavour ; but the alarming fact is , that the preponderance appears to lie still with the Absolutist Powers in any assemblage of European
Ministers . We , the English people , ever treated as alien to the proceedings of our own Government , have no guarantee that we shall not find our Ministera , at least passively , participating in an attack upon constitutional Belgium , and forfeiting the opportunity to interfere effectually for the support of Constitutional Reform in Italy . Wo look forward to Monday , then , with interest , to gee if there are any men in Parliament who will , ^ £ ^^ TJ ^> Rk up for the principles of liberty and the V ' " ' -i . ^ A . y £ 8 & $ BRNf > P \ P eople > besides Lord Lyndhuust , that ' I ^ tIhBP *^ ^*^ . ! ° ^ ^ y whom the grave so man * - t \ - iffldflk ^ 5 Br W ™ ffi P ares to shame Liberals by the vigour ' 4 Q HB ^^ BPS ^ roceedlngfl bef > oro tno Boar < * ° f Officers at £ * r'ijw ^^ lP ^ SPn continues to expose the vices of our
military system , without the slightest chance that the people will be able" to cut at the root of evil . For instance , the only business-man who in any way represents the Government is constantly snubbed , not only by his Arrogance the Earl of LtiCAN , but by others . Thus , the late General of Cavalry broadly tells the Board , that the Keport of the Commissioners is " not worth the paper it is written on , " while the Quarter-Master-General of the British Army , Sir Richard Airey , questions their capacity for conducting the investigation , throws the utmost discredit on their Report , and takes the high tone he took before—that is , he choses to think the Commissioners were only
appointed to look into Commissariat matters . What hope can we have of getting any reform in the army so long as a system of this kind is tolerated in high places ? If we want to see anything done for the people directly and expressly , unquestionably we must look away from Parliament and public departments . We have some chance of finding real popular interests consulted , say at the
Mansionhouse , where Lord Mayor Salomons has been entertaining Lord Brougham and the Law Amendment Society—a body of gentlemen and lawyers who are really doing a grand work in improving the statutes , and so , in benefiting the people . But why is this gathering held ? Because the Law Amendment Society does not find its full recognition in the official and Parliamentary circles ; and because it is at the Mansion-house that we find
something like a genuine , royal , and statesmanlike appreciation of the necessity for consulting the wishes and wants of the people . So the Law Amendment Society goes to the great municipality for countenance , and the chief magistrate elected in common hall does what statesmen shrink from doing—gives that countenance handsomely and liberally .
Again , while Parliament is pottering over reformatory institutions , we must ascribe to the personal feeling of Lord Granville and a few other statesmen , the small amount of aid given by Government for reformatories—in the half of a schoolmaster ' s salary , or a prospective grant for buildings ; while it is to men like Sydney Turner , Db Metz , M . D . Him-, Lloyd Baker , and those who sat to celebrate the anniversary of the
Redhill Philanthropic Institution , that we discern the true working men of this great reform of the day . It is their business to rescue from the schools of crime those youths who have already been committed , and to save the youth , not hitherto led astray , from temptations and false teaching . Redhill , like Mettray , annually restores numbers of misguided youths to society ,
and saves still larger numbers ; and we see men who are not rich giving their money ; men who are busy giving their time ; men who might court luxury giving hard work for the sake of the mission . But this is quite distinct from bureau or Parliament , where some of the best men in this mission have comparatively little weight , and not the faintest chance of getting into office .
For one not ungraceful courtesy , however , the people may thank the highest in the land . Wo may expect a really brilliant display of illuminations appointed for the day of keeping the Qubkn ' s birthday—the 29 th of May ; the Quhkn desiring that the people should distinctly recognise a community of feeling between herself and her lieges . Aguin , the Queen has fixed the 4 th of Mny , tomorrow , as the Thanksgiving Day , for various reasons , but chiefly , that she may spare her
working subjects the loss of wages , which would be entailed upon them if it had bean fixed for a working-day . By what trifles may the great earn the goodwill of nations ! A few courtesies shown to distinguished Americans have gone far to mitigate the studied irritations which they have received from certain quarters ; and tins act of graceful considoratencss on the purt of the Queen will add to the loyalty of the people or real personal liking , and give a p leasant zest for the enjoyment of the display on the 29 th .
410 T H E I< E A P E R. [No. 319, Saturd...
410 T H E I < E A P E R . [ No . 319 , Saturday ,
Imperial Parliament. "" —? Monday, April...
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT . "" —? Monday , April 28 < £ . . MARRIAGE LAW . In the House op Lokds , Lord Brougham moved th * first reading of a bill to remedy the evils arising from the abuse of the Scotch law of marriage in those cases in Which parties cross the border for the purpose of being united under that law . He proposed to make a previous residence of three weeks in Scotland essential to the validity of such a marriage . —Earl Minto regretted that the measure did not extend to Scotland . The bill was read a first time .
THE FEACE . Lord Clarendon then rose and said : — " I beg to layon the table of the House the Treaty of Peace which has been signed by the Plenipotentiaries of England , France , Russia , Austria , Prussia , Sardinia , and Turkey . The ratifications of this treaty were exchanged yesterday , and were received to-day . There are three separate conventions which are annexed to it . Also , a declaration respecting maritime law and the policy to be pm >
sued towards neutral nations during time of war , which has also been signed by the Plenipotentiaries of the respective Powers . "—Lord Brougham : " To put a stop to privateering ? " ( Hear , hear . )—The Earl of Clarendon : " Yes . I also beg to lay on the table a copy of the protocols of the Conferences held during the sittings of the Conference ; and I have only further to give notice that I intend to move that this treaty be taken into consideration by your Lordships on this day week . " ( Hear , hear . )
The same papers were laid on the table of the Lower House by Lord Palmerston , who made a similar notification with respect to taking them into consideration on the following Monday .
HAIL . COMMUNICATION WITH IRELAND . In answer to a question from . Lord Dungannoh , in reference to the mail communication with Ireland , the Duke of Argyll stated that the arrangements for expediting the transit of the mails would probably be carried into effect during the present summer . The time is not to exceed eleven hours between the London and Dublin termini . ATTSTRIANS IS ITALT . Lord Ltndhurst , in accordance with a request of Lord Clarendon , consented to postpone the motion of which he had given notice on the state of Italy , and the continued military occupation of portions of that country by Austria . He added that he should watch with considerable anxiety the course pursued by Government to alleviate the intolerable grievances under which the people of Italy labour .
THE FALL OF KARS . In the House of Commons , Mr . Whiteside moved i — " That , while this House feels it to be its duty to express its admiration of the gallantry of the Turkish soldiery , and of the devotion of the British officers at the siege of Kars , it feels it to be equally a duty to expresa its conviction that the capitulation of that fortress , and the surrender of the army which defended it , thereby endangering the safety of th e Asiatic provinces of Turkey , were in a great measure owing to the want of foresight and energy on the part of her Majesty ' s Administration . " Having enlarged on the importance to England of maintaining the independence of Asiatic various historical refer
Turkey , and after showing , by - ences , that it has long been the design of Russia toseize the whole of Asia Minor and Persia , as well aa Constantinople , and thus to obtain the empire of the world , Mr . Whiteside proceeded to consider the more immediate object of his motion . At the commencement of the Turkish campaign against tho Russians in 1853 , the Turks were full of enthusiasm . The people flung their money into tho public treasury , and tho wealthy gave up their horses for tho use of the artillery . The nation conceived that it would be better to resist Russia on the Pruth than on the Danube ; but England , for her own purposes , prevented tho adoption of tho latter policy , and hindered the Turks from striking a blow at the right moment . But it was absurd to suppose that tho Turks , unaided , could cope with tho Russians in heir
Asia . They were accordingly defeated , and t army became disorganized . General Guyon undertook , with considerable effect , to effect tho reorganization of the troops . " And here , " said Mr . Whitesido , "I cannot but express my regret that that distinguished officer has since been discarded , for no other reason , apparently , than that ho evinced his capacity to render vast service to his country . " Tho Turks Buffered defeat after defeat , their army was only saved from oxtinction by an event tho memory of which recalled the name of a man of whom they had hoard but little of lato—Schamy l . llo ( Mr . Whitesido ) did not know what had become of him or whether ho had amicably settled with Russia—wliicn was very much to bo suBpeotcd . But , in August , 1864 ' after tho defeat of tho Turks at Buyukdoro , Schamy l most happily invaded Tiflis to tho renr of tho Russian » "ny . The effect of that attack was , that Tiflia ( being un uniou
fortiflcd city standing in a plain ) General Uebutoii « . « it necessary to retreat with half his army to protect uim capital of Georgia ; and thus tho Turkish army was aaved from annihilation . Under tho circum » t « ncto
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), May 3, 1856, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_03051856/page/2/
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