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218 THE L1ADE K. [No. 415, March 6,1858.
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NAVAL AND MILITARY. V*ce-Admiral the Hoi...
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SPECIAL LETTERS FROM INDIA. • „. . (jFrc...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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¦ ? T Ord Derby Has Completed His Arrang...
wait for a new opportunity . Arrests are made in all parts of Trance , with , or without pretext ; aud the persons arrested are , in some instances , dismissed after a certain period of detention , without receiving the least apology , or even explanation of the charge upon which they leave been arrested , if such a state of things can be in the present state of the law , what have the people of France to expect when the Lot des Expectants comes into opexation ? But , in addition to tha * hrfamous law , Uuey are threatened with , the re-establislimeut of a Direction of General Security , which will put their personal security somewhat more at the disposition of their angry and terrified sovereign . In the
meantime trade is dull , and though money is plentiful in the hands of bankers and capitalists , there is a strong indisposition to invest it in commercial speculations . In one branch of trade , however , there is likely to be an important change for tke better . An imperial decree , published in the Moniteur , announced that , on the 31 st of the present month , the trade in butcher ' s meat will be relieved of the restrictions tinder which it has been carried on since 1829 , and will be made absolutely free . Great benefits are expected to result from this measure , one of -which will he that numbers of the poor in Paris who are now unable ever to purchase butcher ' s meat will then be enabled to obtain it .
While Ossini from , his prison writes to entreat that the French Emperor will cease to stand between Italy and liberty , a conference of delegates from all parts of that land has met in . London for the purpose of promoting a movement in favour of constitutkmal government for their country . The movement , thus commenced , is understood to have tfee countenance of a large number of Italians of high standing , noblemen , gentlemen , clergy of the apostolic Church , & o . The objects of the Conference are , " to obtain for the people of each separate state a constitutional form of government
instead of the arbitrary one hitherto submitted to , and to induce the various potentates , by the strong pressure of a moral agitation , and by the influence of foreign allies , to enter into a confederation of political and social interests , for the joint benefit of both governors and governed ; to create , by mutual arrangement ,-a central power , where therepvesentativesof the sovereign and those of the people , elected by vote from the National Representative Assembly of each separate State ( a constitution being beforehand freely given to each ) , should jointly meet to settle any differences that may arise between contending influences . " The form of government intended is to comprise a National
Representative Chamber for each separate State , a House of Peers , the liberty of the press , with the necessary restrictions to guard against libel or other offences , and the freedom of public assemblies . The addresses of the various speakers at the meetings which have taken place throughout tho week were all in harmony with the statement of the objects of the conference just given , and from the reasonableness and extreme moderation of the views put forward by the leaders of the movement , a warm sympathy will bo inspired in iEngland , particularly at ( his moment , when the schemes of less moderate men for tho liberation of Italy are giving us uo ond of annoyance and vexation .
Ifhe lato despatches from India supply the details necessarily wanting in tho telegrams referring to the events of the month between tlie Gth of [ December and the 6 th of January ; theso details are fro ' fn . tho pon of tho Commandor-in-Cluef himself , — rJX ! li ^ m , JjUiBi ^ Cawnporc aftor the dispersal of tho Gwalior Contingent , on tho Oth of Docombor , has been one of activity in tho way of preparation for tlio greater operations in Oude , towards whidh all tho arrangements made by him have pointed , and some important results of which we shall possibly barn by tho matt wk & b will bo due on the 99 th of the present r , ¦¦' . n * WWfch > , & ir £ K > jJ * m hm « nad « Fattehghuf tho place
of assemblage for his forces , and the whole of his dispositions appear to be such as to inspire the highest confidence i » the . result of his attack upon rebel-swarmfag Lucknow . At home * the events of the week have not been without strong , interest . One is the murder of an ' unfor tHHate * woman by « a Kalian , whose sojbe inducement appears to have been to possess fcanaself of the poor creature ' s Jewellery , wherewith be attempted to make his escape to Montevideo , but was captured « n board the vessel in whick -be had taken ^ kb passage , ft hss been remarked as a curious and , in one sense , satisfactory fact , that nearly all the late cases of murder that have been brought before the Marlborough-street police-court have been committed by foreigners .
On Saturday last the great trial of the directors and general manager of the Royal British Bank was brought to a conclusion that will create disappointment ; of the seven persons placed at the bar , six have been sentenced to various terms of imprisonment , from twelve months to three months , and one has been ordered to pay a nominal line and be discharged . But there is no rooin for reasonable' disappointment in the matter ; none of the Royal British Bank Directors did anything more than is notoriously done every day in business—they clung to the hope of propping up a ruinous concern ,
and they took their props wherever they could lay their hands on them . They failed—a little too late in the day , or they would have escaped the more disagreeable consequences of that sort of Catastrophe as many a good man' in the City of London had done before them . At the conclusion of the case of Mr . Isaac Butt , M . P . for Youghalj with his acquittal , there will be neither disappointment nor regret ; while the inquiry will be serviceable in marking the limits to which professional gentlemen who are Members of Parliament may safely go in their dealings with clients whose affairs are of a nature to connect them with the business of the House of
Commons . As to ' coming events , ' it is not generally safe to speak with any great confidence ; but there is one event , at least , approaching about which there can be no reasonable doubt—that is , the almost total eclipse of the sun on the 15 th instant , at one o ' clock in the afternoon . A long and admirable letter from Mr . Hind , in the Times of Wednesday , March the 3 rd , acquaints us with the whole of the phenomena of the coming spectacle , specially remarkable on many accounts ; and not the least so that it will be the last total eclipse of the sun that will be visible in England during the present century .
218 The L1ade K. [No. 415, March 6,1858.
218 THE L 1 ADE K . [ No . 415 , March 6 , 1858 .
Naval And Military. V*Ce-Admiral The Hoi...
NAVAL AND MILITARY . V * ce-Admiral the Hois . George A . Crofton , on the reserved list , died last week , hy which event a pension of 1501 . per annum has reverted to the patronage of the Admiralty . The Admiral entered the navy in 1798 . He was a midshipman in the Medusa ; was present at the attack on the French flotUla in Boulogne Roads , under Nelson , and distinguished himself on many budsequent occasions . Ships Struck by Lightning . —Her Majesty ' s frigate Shannon , 50 , commanded by Captain Sir William Peel , was recently caught , about ninety miles from the coast of Java , in a most appalling thunderstorm . For
a long time , tho lightning appeared to envelop the ship m streams of fire ; hail and rain foil in floods ; and the vessel was driven before the storm through remarkably high seas , vrhich threatened to poop her . The masta were violently struck three tiroes by the lightning , which took tho form of immense balls of flro . Owing , however , to the presence of Sir Sntowe Harris ' s lightning conductors , no harm was done either to the vessel itself or to any of the crow , though , in a similar storm off Minorca , in March , 1796 ( whon lightning conductors Were ndt in use ) , the frigate Lowestofffe was greatly crippled , while two meu were killed , and several others burnt and paralyzed .
Gauo on this NoRTn-EAST Coast . —A very heavy gale from the east blew along the coast on Monday night , and the shipping wire tried severely . Hioh Mass at Woolwich . —A grand high mass and procession of tho Host took place on Tuesday morning at Woolwich . Tho coremonioJ , which was obeorvod with great splgftdortr , was in supplication of poace , and for-oux' -abBont-relntions-in-the-JSaBt . Tho-Rev ., _ G . Horan ^ Iriah military chaplain at Woolwich , - was the officiating priest , and Dr . Grant , Roman Catholic Bishop , together with otfhot notabilities , assisted . Launch ov a ( Russian Steawkr . —< A new screw
steamer , tho Emperor Alexander , was successfully launched on Tuesday from tho ship-building yard of Mr . John Laird , of Birkonhead . She is an iron etoamor of 1 , 100 tons , with engines of 060 horse powOr , capable of working up to 1200 . She is fco r < rn between Odessa and Alexandria .
Special Letters From India. • „. . (Jfrc...
SPECIAL LETTERS FROM INDIA . „ . . ( jFrcm a Military Correspondent . ') . ? : Nagpore , January 19 , 1858 . A * AB . v ^ sfcdtrs and unprecedented social proble m has presented itself in India for our solution , and for the instruction of the world . We see a docile and intelligent people in a very backward state of civilization , forced on the road of material and moral progress by the foremost nation of Europethe h » Td-earned fruits of the innumerable travailin gs saad martyrdoms of the educator brought freely to the pupil ' s ' home in maturity and perfection : tlie printing-press , the steam-engine , railways , gaslighting and the electric telegraph , equality before the law , freedom of exchange , liberty of speech aud publication ; we have brought them to India , let us not refuse her the means of comprehending , appreciating , and en j oying these blessings . Let us not begrudge the gift ; let us not misunderstand or slight the true community of interests between the giver and receiver . Let us be well assured that our interests and those of the dependent nation arc inseparable ; that if we rob them of the wealth , power , or influence to -which they have a just claim , we shall sooner or later rob ourselves of all power and influence whatever ; that if we do not trust them , " \ ve may expect them every day to become less trustworthy ; we may degrade them , we may break their spirit , and destroy their self-reliance , but we shall end by making them our bitter , intolerant , and brutal enemies , and not our humble friends . Is it not quite clear that the interest of the British nation in the annual provision made for some hundreds of young gentlemen , and the fortunes and pensions acquired by some scores of retired servants of the Company , is of very circumscribed importance , and of infinitesimal value , when compared with its interest in the development of the resources of a vast empire , and of the tastes and desires of an immense and intelligent population ? India must no longer . be regarded as a field for patronage , but as a field for spreading our commerce , laws , science , and , all that we have of good to give ; as an inexhaustible field of producing and purchasing power , from whose gifts and wants our industry by land and sea may for ages reap a liberal and ever-increasing harvest . India at present takes about nine million pounds ' worth of exports from England , of which about six millions are coarse cotton goods . The causes of this small consumption ( about a shilling a head for the population to which we have access by the ports of India ) are manifold . The roads and other communications with the interior are bad and fewdepressing both production and consumption . Tlie great mass of the people undoubtedly are very poor , ut there are other and more fundamental reasons . Although the English have politically changed t he face of the country during the last century , they have had so little social intercourse with any class of the people that very little effect has been produced on their customs or habits of life , and , except at tho three Presidency towns , in their principles of trade or economy . Until the year 1857 the British Government might boast of having for nearly forty years preserved the entire peninsula of India in peace aad security ; and yet confidence in our inviolable respect tor property , and insight into our commercial operations and combinations have been so scantily extended , that beyond the Presidency ¦ limits very few natives ever avail themselves oi investments either in the Government funds or in joint-stock companies ; very few , indeed , comprehend the nature of such investments . An immense ) amount of cupitn . 1 is buried andhoardctl , and an incalculable quantity of gold and silver converted into jewels—partly as conveniently disposable und portabto property , and partly-as almost the sole criterion -of the dignity and respectability ol n family , and as almost the sole rcathetic tnstc vliich tho nativos seem to rccognizo and cherish . Doubtless , tho high rate of interest results in u gvcui mcasuro from tho hoarding of money and constant demand for jewels . And tho standard of hoiiM'holij comfort is very low , even among the middle and higher classes . . , ^ iriiTTftwlylrn !) O §^ effect in stimulating Industrial activity mid i « ( l ° " voloping tho nationul wealth that would bo reduced ly extended education , arising from tin ; V }' ' claimed and accomplished eligibility and admission of educated and weU-qunlined natives to honourable and important offices , oaid from their more jutiiniue * See Leader , Noh . 404 , 405 , 406 , 407 , 408 , -IUH , ' ^ > 411 , < 112 , 418 , 414 .
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), March 6, 1858, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_06031858/page/2/
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