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868 Iff f) t QLtailtt. [Saturday,
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THE EARLY CLOSING ASSOCIATION. A reunion...
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THE NATIONAL CHARTER AND SOCIAL REFORM U...
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POLISH ANNIVERSARY. Tho Polish Democrats...
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THE DISTURBANCES AT ALEPPO. A letter fro...
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AN EXTRAORDINARY POISONING CASK. The tri...
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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End Of The German Melo-Drama. A Sudden A...
and the constitution is to be maintained intact . Hassenpflug , it is expected , will be dismissed , and so the settlement of all disputes facilitated . Schleswig-Holstein and its affairs are to remain an open question until the free conferences have met . These are to meet immediately , and the place of meeting is to be named by Prussia . The funds have risen under this pacific aspect of affaire , and it is expected the Chambers will be prorogued .
The address of the Second Chamber to the King contains the following paragraph relating to the German question : — " We regret very much that your efforts have not succeeded in giving to the German nation a constitution conformable to its necessities . We hope that ulterior efforts energetically continued in the path fixed by the alliance of the 26 th of May will procure for Germany a constitution which shall guarantee her exterior dignity and her interior liberty ,
and in which Prussia , after having entered Germany with her whole power , could not occupy the second place . The restoration of the German Confederation , which was dissolved by universal consent , would be quite incompatible with this idea . " The paragraph concerning the question of the Duchies is thus conceived : —*• We hope , if the existing dispute cannot be terminated by foreign intervention , that the Governments of all the States of the Germanic
Confederation will succeed in obtaining a solution which shall guarantee all recognized legitimate rights . " The address is silent as to the law on the press . Accounts from Berlin of the 2 nd stated that the King ' s sanction had been obtained to the arrangement entered into at Oimutz between Baron Manteuffel and Prince Schwarzenberg ; and advices from " Vienna of the same date stated that the Austrian Government had also accepted the arrangement of Olmutz . But a telegraphic despatch from Berlin on the 4 th leaves affairs in confusion once more . It
states that •* the Lower House has assumed a hostile attitude , that the committee on the address has agreed on a new draught condemnatory of the Oimutz arrangements , 18 of the committee having voted for the Opposition and only 4 for the Cabinet . A Cabinet Council has been held , and the King has aJiourned Parliament to the 3 rd of January , 1851 . " fco change has taken . place in the state of affairs in Elec oxal Hesse .
868 Iff F) T Qltailtt. [Saturday,
868 Iff f ) t QLtailtt . [ Saturday ,
The Early Closing Association. A Reunion...
THE EARLY CLOSING ASSOCIATION . A reunion of the members and friends of the early closing movement was held in the Exeter-hall Hotel , on Wednesday evening , for the purpose of promoting the objects of the a ssociation , which are to effect an abridgement of tho hours of business in all trades , with a view to the moral , intellectual , and physical improvement of assistants generally . There was a numerous attendance . After tea the chair was taken by Mr . John Thwaites , who congratulated the meetin " upon the triumph which this cause was gradually achieving . He remarked that at the commencement of this movement they had to contend on the one
hand against prejudice on the part of employers , and upon the other against an evil habit on the part of the public of making their purchases late in the evening . But they had enlisted the sympathies of the public and the hearty cooperation of a large body of employers , though there were still formidable obstacles to overcome before the ultimate objects of the association could be accomplished . He must in all faithfulness mention that one of the greatest impediments to success was to be found in the employed themselves . Practically speaking , more sympathy had been shown by employers with this cause than had yet been manifested by the employed .
Mr . Lillwnll ( Secretary ) wished to make a few observations . He said ho feared that the affairs of the society had reached a crisis , and that if not better supported during this winter it must certainly go down . ( Hear , hoar . ) The society had already done much good , having led to very general early closing . , ( Hear , hear . ' ) When the society came first into existence the general hours for closing wore nine , ten , eleven , and in summer the young men seldom went 'to bod at nil on Sunday morning , but went off to ¦ bathe . ( Hear . ) Now things were very different . : Nino was considered a late hour , while many closed
at eight and seven , and one great establishment , that of Mr . Hitchcock— -a name that should never be mentioned without honour—( loud cheers)— -closes each evoningatsix o ' clock . ( Hear , It ear . ) Improvements had also been effected in the relations between employers and their young men . Formerly employers treated their assistants as if they were an inferior race ; but now they took thorn by the hand , attended their meetings , and showed every anxiety to assist in their improvement . ( Hear , hear . ) A further result of tho
curly closing movement had been the establishment of several religious and educational institutions for tho benefit of young men . lti fact , there was everything to encourage iflort on the part of the association , except tho apathy of the young men themselves . The great question then was , whether it tOiould j » o on ; ami on this subject he remarked that the religious \ owiuj ; men of J . muUm hail noi douo their duty by the association , otherwise it would have Tccoived a larger amount of support at their hands , Several gentlemen , employers as well as assistants ,
then addressed the meeting , taking an encouraging tone , from whose remarks it appeared that vigorous efforts are contemplated to rouse the class of assistants from their indifference , which it was felt was more apparent than real . The toast or sentiment of " Success to the Early Closing Association " was received -with much applause . Several others were given ; and the proceedings , which occupied about four hours , terminated , the spirit of the meeting having given great hopes of ultimate success .
The National Charter And Social Reform U...
THE NATIONAL CHARTER AND SOCIAL REFORM UNION . On Sunday afternoon , December 1 , the Democratic Conference held its adjourned meeting ( from November 3 ) , at the Literary and Scientific Institution , John-street , Fitzroy-square ; Mr . D . W . Ruffy in the chair . The attendance of delegates was comparatively small ; Mr . Thornton Hunt and Mr . G . J . Harney were prevented from attending by illness , and Mr . G-. W . M . Reynolds declining to attend any meetings until after Christmas , in consequence of the recent death in his family .
The minutes of the last meeting having been read and confirmed , and the report of the Committee appointed to draw up an address having been laid before the Conference , letters were read from the Democratic Tract Society of Edinburgh , approving of the policy of the Conference ; from the Edinburgh League of Progress ; the Limehouse Chartist Locality ; the Friends of Social and Democratic Progressive Reform at Norwich , Sutton-in-Ashfield , Bradford ( Yorkshire ) , Royton , and from Hull , to the same effect .
Mr . W . Walter Cooper had received a letter from the Progress League of Manchester , and Mr . Ivory letters from the Social Reformers of Paisley , Bradford , Halifax , Stockport , Birmingham , Liverpool , Manchester , Yarmouth , Shelton , and Brighton , ap proving of the formation of a National Charter and Social Reform Union . Mr . G . J . Holyoake stated that he had lately made a tour through Lancashire , Yorkshire , & c , and found the opinions of social reformers generally favourable to the new union .
Mr . Arnott read a letter from the National Charter Association to the effect that as only a few localities had at present given in a unanimous adhesion to the proposed fusion , they for the present declined to act . Mr . Pettie read a resolution from the Fraternal Democrats agreeing to the fusion , but resolving to keep their association whole and entire until fully satisfied that the union as proposed can be effectually carried out . Messrs . Bate and Browett stated that the Trades ' Association which they represented , were generally favourable , but did not agree to merge entirely in the movement .
Mr . Pettie suggested , and Mr . Le Blond , vrh o had lately visited Birmingham , West Bromwich , Bromsgrove , Manchester , Stockport , Bolton , and Preston , and found much , anxiety exist upon the subject , moved , " That in the opinion of this Conference it is not advisable to finally dissolve . Resolved , therefore , that this meeting , at its rising , stand adjourned till the first Sunday in January . " Mr . Fussoll cordially seconded , and Mr . Holyoake supported the resolution , assuring the Conference that he might , in his recent tour , have opened many branches in
connexion with the new union , had h e possessed proper authority to do so . He thought that a fairer opportunity than the present for laying the foundation of a democratic union would never bo enjoyed . Mr . Milne , Mr . W . Cooper , Mr . Swift , Mr . Pettie , and the Chairman having spoken in support of the resolution , it was agreed to unanimously . Mr . Le Blond proposed to appoint twenty persons as a committee of observation , with power to address and receive correspondence , and manage tho business of the National Charter and Social Reform Union .
Mr . Fussell seconded the resolution , which was carried unanimously . The committee appointed were , Messrs . Swift , G . J . Holyoake , Arnott , Fussell , Milne , W . Cooper , Harney , Gf . W . M . Reynolds , Bate , Hunt , Ruffy , Ivory , Pettie , Shuto , Stall wood , Wilson , Hooper , Le Blond , lit 1 ing , and G . Massey . The conference adjourned till the first Sunday in January .
Polish Anniversary. Tho Polish Democrats...
POLISH ANNIVERSARY . Tho Polish Democrats held a meeting at Mr . Pedrctti ' s Tavern , . Dorringtou-street , Leather-lane , yesterday evening week , to commemorate the nineteenth anniversary of the outbreak of their revolution in 1830 , against Russian despotism . The chair was taken at seven o ' clock by Mr . S . Worcell , member of tho Central Committee of the Polish Democratic Society . Mr . Worcell opened the meeting bv
an eloquent t-peeuh , in which , viewing the present epoch as a transitory one only , he urged the necessity of being always ready for any emergency . To be ready is to be strongly organized , united , and disciplined , especially as the troops of the coalesced enemies have alre uly t . ikiMi the fit-Id , have overflown all Germany imclcr tho pretext of dissension amongst the Cicrman Princes , but in reality awaiting the giyeu signal from St . Petersburg !! to crush the
revolutionary spirit both in Germany and France The chairman thus concluded his speech : " The future movement will be but the continuation of the revolution which began twenty years ago , but it will be developed and completed . We have the right and it is our duty to celebrate that initiative of a future movement , but it must be appropriatel y celebrated , viz ., in close ranks , in concord , and in an able battle array . Thus only shall we , either through the open gates , or by storm , return to our beloved fatherland , and thus only , when once within , its walls , shall we vanquish the enemy ' s garrison , and on the ruins of the citadel of Warsaw implant our triumphant banner , bearing the inscription : The Democratic Republic of Poland . " *
The chairman was followed by Mr . Milkowski , a member of the Polish Legion in Hungary , who mentioned that two years ago the Polish Legion celebrated the same anniversary on the banks of the Theiss . The second and last speaker after the chairman was Mr . E . Staniewicz . *• During the last seventy years , " he said , amongst other things , " which have elapsed since the revolution whose anniversary we are celebrating , Poland , whilst other nations were
calmly developing the elements of their future social transformation—Poland , though fettered by a triple chain , has not been inactive : she has shown by her innumerable victims groaning in the mines of Siberia , by so many heroes gloriously terminating their earthly career on the scaffold , — by so many martyrs breathing their last in the subterranean prisons of her Muscovite and German spoliators , —that she has never ceased to serve that sacred cause . " Continuing , he said : — " This is a truth which all the nations whom the
spirit of liberty in 1848 awakened from their lethargy has duly acknowledged : for the first cry which every one of them uttered was a sympathizing voice for Poland . A new era , an era of a definite emancipation of all mankind , which began with the first years of Christianity , is rapidly approaching ; but , alas ! it will not dawn upon us without fighting out the great battle of mankind , for , as long as one tyrant only remains , Humanity will never enjoy real peace or liberty ! It is , therefore , important that we should be prepared for that unavoidable emergency . Poland has already enforced the democratic principle as the basis of her future existence . As to the secondary details of that principle , she will develope and
improve them , when she will have reconquered that existence . Hence , whosoever relaxes by trifling disputation about new , untried theories , the unity of tendency of those who are working for the future life of their country : —whosoever , by self-conceitedness , by a desire for command , or personal enmity , tears asunder the fraternal tie which now more than ever ought to bind all honest Democrats—delays the settlement of the cause of Humanity , and is a traitor to the militant society . Let us , therefore , be united , and ever ready to rally around the standard of Freedom ; for Freedom , whose reign preceded that of Kings , will and must again , and for ever , resume its throne , in spite its being so heavily enchained by King- and priest-craft !"
The Disturbances At Aleppo. A Letter Fro...
THE DISTURBANCES AT ALEPPO . A letter from Constantinople , dated the 20 th ultimo , gives some additional particulars of the disturbances at Aleppo of the signal chastisement bestowed on the fanatical insurgents ; and also of the insurrection in Bosnia : — ' On the evening of the 7 th of December , Kerim Pacha , military commandant of Aleppo , informed the rebel chiefs that he wished to speak to them . The latter , persuaded that they would be respected from fear of a fresh outbreak , went to the interview . Kerim Pacha arrested them . As soon as this act of rigour was known
in the town , the insurgents rose again , and , to the number of 10 , 000 , demanded , with arms in their hands , that their leaders should be set at liberty . Kerim Pacha was already prepared , and in place of answering , he fell upon them at the head of 4000 of the Sultan ' s troops . The carnage was frightful , and lasted twenty-four hours ; 1800 rebels remained on the field of battle . Three quarters of the town , which were the focus of the insurrection —Karlek , Bab-Coussa , and El Bab-Neizab—have been almost entirely destroyed . The inhabitants and insurgents whom death has spared have taken to flight . The cavalry is in pursuit of them . Not a single Christian has All the
had to suffer during this sanguinary conflict . property of the insurgents has been confiscated to indemnify the losses suffered by the Christians , to rebuild the churches destroyed , and to ensure the means of living to the familes of the thirteen Christians who lost their lives on the 15 th and 16 th . The Sovereign has shown to Europe by this blow how much he has at heart the interests of his Christian subjects . Accounts received yesterday from Omer Pacha announce the complete defeat of t \\ o Bosnian insurgents , in two battles at Bozowiua and at Zwornik . In that province the authority oi" the Sultan had been set at defiance by the beys , who wished to preserve their feudal rights , which had been abolished by the Tanzimat . "
An Extraordinary Poisoning Cask. The Tri...
AN EXTRAORDINARY POISONING CASK . The trial of the Abbe Gothland , cure of Saint Germain , near Angouleme , and of Madame du Sablon , wife of a physician , of the same place , for having poisoned the widow Dcguisal , servant ° ^
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Dec. 7, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_07121850/page/4/
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