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150 THE LEADER. [No. 308, Saturday.
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AMERICA. The Speaker was still unelected...
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THE ORIENT. , . . . INDIA. Tsaatotftl in...
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CONTINEN'TAL NOTES. FHANCE. The alleged ...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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150 The Leader. [No. 308, Saturday.
150 THE LEADER . [ No . 308 , Saturday .
America. The Speaker Was Still Unelected...
AMERICA . The Speaker was still unelected at -the latest dates ; Banks , however , remaining ahead of the others , BMd within a few of the required number . Eroni Nicaragua we learn that everything is prosperous and orderly , ,-General Walker is receiving accessions by every steamer , and it is said -that bis effective force of Americans numbers between 800 and 900 . Nothing has been heard of Colonel Kinney ' s party ^ hich left to attack Fort Walla Wall a , in possession of the 'Indians . The President has communicated to the Senate a letter ( dated January 19 , 1853 ) from Lord John " Russell to Mr . Crampton , respecting the Central American question , in -which the -writer pledges the Government " not to assume any sovereignty , either direct or indirect , in Central America , " and states that " what her Majesty ' s Government would consider a good and final arrangement would be— -first , that Greytown should be a free and independent port , connected with Mosquito by such relations of friendship and alliance as may be agreed upon . Second , that indemnification , or advantages equivalent'to those laid down in the project of convention of the 13 feh of April , 1852 , shall be assured to Mosqydto in return for its withdrawal from its present position with regard to Greytown . Third , that Great Britain and the United States , without guaranteeing G-reytown , should b-e ready to act in concert fc © defend the independence of the free city or port di Greytbttnfern whatever quarter it might be attacked . " QPhe subject of this letter was to be discussed in the Senate on the 2 ^ th of , January . The ¦ Washington correspondent of the New York Tribune says : — " Mr . Buchanan writes that he will relinquish his mission on . the 12 th of Fe"bruary , whether a successor be nominated or not . He will appoint Mr . Campbell , the consul ^ j a * . London , to the post of Charge 'd ^ Ajpaffgg '; There being no Secretary of Legation at ^ Se ^ resent juncture , this proceeding may temporarily -embarrass our relations , as the intelligence of Mr . < 3 rampton ' s recall will occupy Lord Palmerst 6 n at the same time . " The New York Herald speaks of the Hon . George Mapplin Dallas , LL . D ., as the new minister to London .
A special message has been presented to Congress by the President on the Kansas controversy . In . this document the President distinctly acfenowledges the validity of the ac ts of the Kansas Ktegpslature , and he declares that it will be his ff & apfeirafciYe duty to exert the whole power of the Federal Executive to support public order in the 'territory ; to vindicate its ^ aws , wfaotker federal or Olocal , against -all attempts of organised resistance ; and toprotect the people in the establishment of their own institutions , undisturbed by encroachments from TOtho ? ut . " Two English agents , named Galbraith and Gillespie , have "been liberated on providing securities for their future appearance . There has been a dreadful 'contest with slaves in Kentucky : several have been killed and wounded in trying to escape .
In ¦ Northern California , Indian depredations still continue . A severe shock of earthquake was experienced at San Francisco on the 2 nd ult . Great dulness o f trade prevailed towards the end of December in Honduras . The prices of mahogany were low ., wages were depreciated , and a large amount of mortality had existed among the Whites . " England" ( says the Belize correspondent of the New York Herald ) "is Yivetmglrer ' ruTe more firmly on the colony . It has now been ordered that all vessels shall be registered , and that no foreigner shall shi the
-owna ' phoisbiiag - British flag , unless he take fhe batiholf alleriaSnceto that Government and become itfituralKfed . Many persona Tiave already done so . " " Haro y Tamirez , having been arrested in Vera Cruz-on suspicion of treason , has escaped , collected a tofctowcMw body _' of troops , aad is -besieging Pueljla , * rhichhe is likely to Wto : It is stated that Oomonfort ' s Government Is very weak . In 'thte New York Money-tnarket , money was In good demand , and the turn of the market was in jfltybTft' of * $ »© lender . Foreign exchange wasirregular , -Tptft the tendency of the market Was towards firmer ## te ' . Trade , for the most part , was dull .
The Orient. , . . . India. Tsaatotftl In...
THE ORIENT . , . . . INDIA . Tsaatotftl insurrection ia completely suppressed , and the tforco employed against the rebels hasbeeu-brokon up , though the troops bA Berhamporo will be in-JoreaBed . Raneegunge , the railway terminus , will ?^?*^ . military terminus , and a military police , J ^ QO /^ trong , will be placed in the centre of the Wurtoed , . districts . With rospeot to Outfe , doubt ;^ li ^^^; w to tbq » l * iniat 0 intentions of the ^™ ww ° vern ] iintent with reapectt to it . It is thought S ^ a ^^ j ** ' ****> Aether it be annexed or not , S ££ S ^ ^^ ^ / 1 ) e deposed , and the entire SEu £ * £ ^/ i ^ wwrtca to General Outratn . A ¦ u J -in ^ rt ^ *^*^
English troops have been despatched in the direction of Gude . From Cabul , it is announced that the Dost has repudiated any intention of taking possession of Candahar , and has requested his sovereign relatives to aid him in resisting the designs of Persia with respect to Herat . Intelligence has been received in India of a serious insurrection among the Arabs at the Red Sea ports , Jiddah and Mocha . The Turkish soldiery have been compelled to take refuge in the towns , and , at the request of the English consul at Jiddah , the war steamer Queen has sailed from Bombay to the Red Sea .
The introduction of Mr . Grant ' s new Sale Law into the Ca 2 cutfca Legislative Council is an important step towards the reform of a most hideous state of corruption . The whole of Bengal has been divided into estates held "by landlords on the tenure of a fixed quit-rent * to the Company . The landloi'ds sub-let these estates , some of which are enormous : the Burdwan estate alone contains 2 , 000 , 000 cottiers . " Unfortunately" ( says the Times Calcutta correspondent ) , " Lord Cornwallis , when he established the perpetual settlement , in order to secure the Government rental , arranged that , in the event of failure to pay the quitrent , the sale should vitiate all encumbrances whatsoever . Whenever , therefore , an estate goes to the hammer , every lease upon it is ipso facto void . The landlords , thoroughly aware of the law , use it in this
fashion : —They lease the lands to wealthy tenants , suffer them to raise the value of the property , fail to pay the quit-rent , and , at the consequent sale , buy in their own estates , undeT a false name , eleai * of all encumbrances . The threat of such a proceeding has actually been employed in one instance within my knowledge to extort money from the manager of a great indigo concern . Of course with such a tenure improvement became impossible . " The object of Mr . Grant ' s bill is to sweep away this iniquitous system . Great mineral wealth—particularly of iron and Coppei *— -has recently been discovered inBengal . A vast fire , destroying 5 £ 200 , 00 Ow'orth of property , occurred on the 10 th of December , at Rangoon : the people exhibited the utmost apathy . The Bank of Bengal has declared a dividend of twenty per cent .
EGYPT . Said Pacha is at war with the Bedouins of the Desert , who are incensed against him for having induced them to trust in Mm , and then thrown 1 , 500 of them into fetid prisons , where they speedily died . The Viceroy has very considerably curtailed the grant made to the great mosque of Cairo , El Azhar , where the poorer classes of the natives are educated . This and other curtailments , combined with very onerous taxes , have raised the Pa < sba ' s revenue to considerably above £ 4 , 000 , 000 sterling per annum . He has been feeding and paying his soldiers at an umisually high rate , and seems bent on the execution of the canal across the Isthmus of Suez , and of other public works .
Continen'tal Notes. Fhance. The Alleged ...
CONTINEN'TAL NOTES . FHANCE . The alleged desire- on tho part of the French people for peace at any sacrifice , is denied by the writer of a letter from Prance ( a military man ) , who , while admitting that the men in office ( for the most part , the same as those who held similar posit ions under Louis Philippe ) conceive that France has gained sufficient glory , observes : —" They forget that this glory , which belongs to the nation , i . $ somewhat counterbalanced by the blame which falls on the Government , which has not sucoeeded in finding- a great general , or in imparting a better direction to the operations of
the army . There is but one voice in Prance to blame the small fruit which has been obtained from all our efforts , sacrifices , and bravery . In fact , the real public opinion in France , in so far as it can be known , is tho same as . that in Piedmont and in Sweden , namely , that it is unfortunate that our arms should , be laid down before the equilibrium of Europe by means of the ? re-establishment of Poland is secured . Ono fagt in particular gives groat weight to that opinion ; it ia that , in apite of the denials of the Austrian Cabinet , it has sufficed to evoke the shade of Poland to compel Russia to lay down her arras , and to accept the propositions which are imposed on her . Intelligent
men m this country think that the Emperor has oommitted a mistake in . allowing this opportunity for ooquiring glory to pass away . He has liad it in his power to change the nwvp of Europe , bo 311 arranged in 1815 from hatred to Franco , as if ho wore frightened by the grandeur of tho projeot , which would bo so glox'ious for him . He lias ever , even during the war , allowed his desires to be limited by the ti'eaties of 1816 , no odiotia to this country , and ho will not demand the execution of them in what ooncorns Poland . One thing io clear , —that the army will rotura frpm the East dissatisfied with tho manner in whioh the war hoe boen conduote < l , and also with the creation of the Imperial Guard . "
M . Billault , Ministec . of the Interior , Uae addressed a report to the Empeaor , in which he Btates that he has ordered tho re-pub Heat ion of the suggestions for looftl reform put forth by the Councils General , the issue of which has boom stopped for some years past .
The attention of t ^ he Senate is directed to thes *» documents ; and the members of that body are re minded , by means of some quotations from the recent article on their duties published in the Mon iteur that " the initiative" conferred on them by the constitu tion " is by no means a mere nominal preroga tive " yielding nothing for the welfare of the country " ' M . Nisard , the Professor who recently experienced so stormy a reception from the students , was desirous of suspending his lectures , as his colleague , M . Sainte Beuve , had felt himself compelled to do . But tie government , having found mild measures unavailing in the former instance , summoned M . Nisard to resume his lectures or to resign . Fourteen young men have been condemned to fines or imprisonment for their share in the demonstration against the Gover nment Among them is young Roland , son of the unhappy Pauline Roland , who was transported to Algeria after the 2 nd of December , and after a year ' s exile was brought back to Prance in a dying state , to expire on arriving at Lyons . It would seem that if political opposition is ever justifiable , it is in the case of the son of this murdered woman . But the judges treated this circumstance as an aggravation of the offence They doubled the period of imprisonment for young Roland , and enlarged the fine . A student was sentenced to a fine of 200 francs fo r having exclaimed " Shame ! " when he saw one of his friends maltreated by the police . The project of dispersing the schools is again under consideration . The Ecole de Droifc is be consigned to Poitiers , the Ecole de Medecine to Montpellier ; the Ecole Polytechnique is to be dissolved . Madame George Sand has no less than three plays accepted at different theatres in Paris . Among these is an adaptation from her pen of Shakspeare's -4 s You Like It , under the title of " Convnie il vousplab'a . " We shall be curious to see what the genius of George Sand has made of Touchstoixe and Audrey . The Protestants of the Haute Vienne ^—a sect of independents who will receive no salary from the State , and whose particular form of worship is not one of those recognised by the law—have been again condemned by a court of jtistice for an infringement of the decree of March 25 , 1852 , against uulic ^ Jsed assemblages of more than twenty persons . Tfte sentences are this time heavier than bpft > re , on the ground , as the court states in its judgment , that the parties knew they were contravening the law as interpreted by previous judgments . Fines , amounting to 9 , 0 O 0 f ., are inflicted upon the seven individuals found guilty . ' —Daily News Paris Cowespondent . The Bank of France has rescinded the measure reducing to seventy-five days the maximum of bills handed for discount , and has resolved to recommence taking commercial paper of ninety days' date . ATJSTRIA . v The pregnancy of the Empress of Austria is offi-. cially announced by the Vienna Gazette . The incubus which now weighs on the minds of Austrian politicians ( says the Times Vicuna correspondent ) is the Russo-French alliance , whioh they see looming in the distance ; but the Emperor Napoleou , who must be well informed of what is jwssing " * the world , cannot think of making Russia his mainstay , or the pro |> of his dynasty . The Russian Court looks on the present ruler of the French as neither more nor less than a fortunate adventurer ; and Louis * Napoleon cannot be ignorant that the Russian Grand Dufces received positive orders from their late father , on all occasions to treat the Count de Chambord aa the King of the French , and that they never failed to give him the title of " Majesty , " to insist on his taking the place of honour . Measures are under consideration for re-estulilidhiug the Civic Guard . It will consist of infantry , artillery , ' and cavalry corps . The conduct of the Italian bishops in taking undue advantage of tho Concordat has given riso to new negotiations with Rome . nossiA . General Prince Gortsohakoff is appointed Commauder-in-Chiof of tho Armies of tho West and Centre , and Imperial Lieutenant of tho Kingdom of Poland , with all tho rights and prorogation of that office . It is understood at Borlin that a person vorsort iu mechanical artB is shoi'tly to bo attached to tho personnel oi the Russian embassy at that oity , in order that ho may make himself acquainted with every improvement in . moohamazn and t , ho unoiul arts , whioh may ariso in Prussia , and that ho may report tho result of his observations to his own Qovorninont . Important porsonal ohiuigos in tho higher administrative departments of Bfc . Petersburg » ro mentioned . The removal of tho Minister of tho Interior iui < l tho Chief of Polioo is apokon of . 1 'iiuesiA . In the dobato in tho House of Doputiou on Count Bohwerin ' H motion for inquiry into tho nllogud interfoyonooof tho Government in tho rooont ulooUons , tho Minitfbera admitted that they had Intorforerl , an <* justified lihftt interference by Btafemg that noivsonei ol election ave times of great excitement , and reqniro ww
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Feb. 16, 1856, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_16021856/page/6/
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