On this page
- Departments (1)
- Pictures (1)
-
Text (8)
-
492 THE READER. [Satttrday ^—•——-— —-1- ...
-
THE MONARCH 3JOE TTNCLE 8AH. One thing i...
-
THE DEEBT PODGE. An attempt was made, on...
-
rABXIAMENTAEY DTJBT. DtTBiNa the unrepor...
-
tfOjurtt Cnuntil.
-
[is this depabtmeht, as all opinions, ho...
-
There is no learned man but will confess...
-
RIFLE-REASONING. {To the Editor qf'the L...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
On The Cultivation Op Flax. Iii. In Allu...
The . quantity of water was 1100 gallons to every 4 cwt . of flax ; at which rate 2 toris of flax straw , the estimated produce of one acre , would require 11 , 000 gallons of water ; and although it is true that ; in each successive steeping-, a portion of the bid water may be re-employed , the agriciilturist would have immense trouble and expense to incur in returning ^ as he ought , the whole qf it to his land . The produce , it will be observed , is about one-seventh in relation to the weight of the straw , and this again is subject to a further loss in boiling of one-sixteenth ; so that , what with the expense of a license , and the cost of the machinery , however suitable to speculators who care little for the
balance of fertility in the flax grower ' s land , so long as their own bargains are satisfactory , we cannot advise a tenant farmer in England to take advantage of it Unless he has some skill , spare capital , and the means of restoring the heart of his land at some very cheap rate , without using the steep-water . To the landlord , however , who will purchase his tenant ' s flax icithout the seed at a more liberal price than is afforded by the Irish speculators , this method is not without its advantages . The steep-water , being free from extraneous impurities , the result is generally a fine , clean , soft fibre , commanding a higher price than flax : steeped by the old system ;—the apparatus is easily managed , and the heat always under control .
Similar , if not more favourable results , may be obtained by cold water steeping in rivers , but the time required is of course much longer , and it is not possible to regulate the heat , which of course varies with the temperature of the atmosphere . The mode in which this is carried on in Belgium , whence the finest flax is imported , is described as follows : —After saving the flax on the Courtrai system , —which we strongly recommend to our readers , and which will be explained in a future number—" the flax is taken to the banks of the river Lys and tied up into bundles with rye straw , each bundle consisting of two ordinary sized sheaves , placed roots and heads alternately . It is then packed into wooden frames 12 feet long by 6 feet broad , made
of bars ; a lining of straw is put around the flax inside the frame , and , when this is done , the frame is launched out into the river , and such weight applied as is sufficient to keep all under water . The term required in steep is from ten to twelve days . When taken from the steep the ' shove / or woody part , will draw out the whole way from root to top . " It is in this condition that it is placed upon the grass to dry and bleach—a process which will hereafter require some particular description . We believe that the Courtrai flax , which is usually prepared in this manner ( the steeping being , however , completed in a second process , ) commands the highest price iu our markets , and in this respect still stands superior to the produce of Mr . Schenck ' s patented apparatus .
In none of these processes , however , does the produce of flax exceed one-seventh of the straw operated upon , and we are led to the irresistible conclusion , supported by actual experience , and by the figures given in our last week's impression , that the most economical , most natural , and most productive plan to the farmer , is to separate the wood from the flax in its raw or dry state , and afterwards to dissolve the gum and thus liberate the fibre .
Steeping flax in rivers abounding with fish is prohibited by Act of rarliament . —Steeping it ct V Iriandoise in bogholes is slovenly and wasteful . —Steeping it under Sohenck ' s patent is probably expensive work , and , in either case , whatever the profits , wliich we freely accord to this wonderful crop , however mismanaged , they are gained at the sacrifice of fertility in the soil , and it is by these processes of steeping in the straw that the title of a " scourging crop" has been affixed to that of flax .
Still , while wo entertain those strong views as to these modes of preparing the fibre , it is opon to the farmer who merely intends to grow flax qn tho same land onco in ten years , to adopt any ono of them without much fear of tho result ; for , provided he saves and uses tlte seed in fattening Us stock , tho crop will not exhaust his land more than , if so much as , wheat on a five courso shift . We desire , however , to impress upon our agricultural friends tho possibility of allowing flax to take a much moro frequent courso in their rotations of cropping . There is no reason why , if nothing loaves
tho farm but puro fibre , it may not bo grown every successive year ; but if it were only to bo introduced ovory fifth year by no more than a tenth part of our farmers , we should ere long witness a moro considerable export trade in articles manufactured from this commodity , and tho 10 , 000 , 000 ^ , now annually paid to foreign countries for flax , and for its adjuncts , oilenko ^ fcfcdtlfcalAJaKWpight be moro profitably spent at home . . ^ f ^ h ^ JjroSftfe . pf an acre of flax onablo a farmer to grow . itfrip acre ' s rfjrf ^ her produce ront free , moro " wheat would " , Be grown , jvnd ymore etook would be fattened on the ¦\ . ¦ ' ;•• •• ¦ ' ' . ; : ' ?!
extra breadth of land under swedes , assisted by homemade ojlcake . A flax crop travelling round a farm oiice in five or six years would , in fact , under proper management , become a fertilizer of no ordinary valuej and we fully believe that more than half the success which has marked Belgian and Dutch agriculture is attributable to the regular growth of this valuable crop . The following rotation on lands fit for the growth of turnips and barley may be found serviceable , and has been highly recommended to small farmers : —• 1 st year , Oats after grass , or on a clover lea . 2 nd — Flax pulled in August and succeeded by a stolen crop of rape , manured with 2 cwfca . guano , and 2 cwts . of gypsum . 3 rd — Swedes , well manured . 4 th — Spring wheat , laid down with clover and ryegrass . 6 th — Hay , and green clover for soiling . 6 th— Grazing for sheep . £ th — Winter oats or beans . 8 th — Flax , followed same year by winter tares , manured with 2 cwt . guano , and 2 owt . gypsum . ' .-....: 9 th — - Swedes , as before , followed by wheat or barley , rye-grass and clover , oats and then flax again . *
On The Cultivation Op Flax. Iii. In Allu...
* In our next paper we propose to give a familiar ox planation of tho Chevalier Claueson ' 0 new method of pro paring flax .
492 The Reader. [Satttrday ^—•——-— —-1- ...
492 THE READER . [ Satttrday ^—•—— - — — -1- —'¦ . ' ' ¦ ' ' ' ¦ ' " '" " * " *• ' '' " * i « i i ' i i—^ . ' - ¦¦¦^ ' — — - ¦—¦¦ — ' —— ' ' __; !__^! J _^^ l _^_ ZI ^ LLl ^_^ l ! -llZ-ll-LJ —HLUJ . ^ H |_ JmJ _^ m ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ mm ^^^^^^^^^^^ m ^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^_ 2 ^ J ^^ J ^^ ll _ . . '*"' . ' . ' ' ' »¦¦' ¦¦¦¦ ' ¦ ' " ¦ ¦ ¦ " ' i ¦ ' ¦ i ' ' '• . * - - ¦ ¦ •¦
The Monarch 3joe Ttncle 8ah. One Thing I...
THE MONARCH 3 JOE TTNCLE 8 AH . One thing is wanted to crown the perfection of America 5 but that thing , by the sagacity of her citizens , has been discovered ; and the event is reportedby the New York Evening Post . The young Bepublic is sufficiently sharp , vigorous , and go-a-head—too much so indeed ; but Mr . Chandler has discovered the counterpoise , and has proclaimed it in the House of Eepresentatives at Washington : " Old JPogyism has been that which has saved nations from the rashness and imprudence of the young . "
The difficulty ; must be to find any of native growth Mr . Chandler himself may perhaps be a specimen of the new growth , but the best way would be to import it from England , where our market ia overstocked . A trade in Old Fogies , as a return for Colt ' s revolvers , would beautifully illustrate reciprocity in commerce . We can't make revolvers with the tact of the Americans—they can't grow Fogies : let us exchange . It is to be hoped that there will be free trade in Fogies , without protection to
Chandlers , An official head will be wanted for the new department —a President of the Fogies ; and who bo fit for Grand Fogy as a used-up English statesman—the Duke of Curry Powder , the Defender of tho Family Seat , or even the Past Grand Minister of the Old Fogy Cabinet ?
The Deebt Podge. An Attempt Was Made, On...
THE DEEBT PODGE . An attempt was made , on Wednesday , to adjourn the Maynooth debate to Wednesday next , " the Derby day , " to the great horror of all true parliamentary men . They cried " Oh ! " which is the strongest possible expression of parliamentary animadversion . The reason is this . All orthodox men , except Xow-Church saints and Anti-Irish enthusiasts , must have gone to Epsom , to support our institutions—for tho raco-course is not to be postponed , even to the Church . Now , if the debate had boon adjourned to
that day , the saints and enthusiasts would have been left t tho mercy of tho Irish Brigade and non-aristocratic fBSicala , who have not , like men of good family , a prescriptive obligation to go to Epsom , and spend their money in making mistakes as to tho probable success of other men ' s horses . By this device , tho Maynootb . question would liavo been shelved . Unluckily , however , the Epeomolators were not obliged to bb absent lost Wednesday , so they succeeded in keeping up tho debate till six , and Epsom courso will not bo tho lobby of a vain division .
Rabxiamentaey Dtjbt. Dttbina The Unrepor...
rABXIAMENTAEY DTJBT . DtTBiNa the unreportod debate on Wednesday , in the House of Commons , on tho motion that " tho House do adjourn till Friday , " Mjr . Wftkley appealed to the atomio sympathies of honourable members , on the Parliamentary Dust quoation . Ho rolated how an honourable member , tho night before , bad stood up in hie place bolow tho gangway , and oxhibited two volumes , which ho had brought
into tho IIoubo clean and glossy , now all covered with dust . Mr . Wakley called upon , tho Govornraont to aympathiso with tho excitement of tho honourable owner of the dimmed folios , and to protest against tho underground practices of E | r . Reid , who wob continually blowing dust in tho eyes of honourable mombore , and soiling their hands when accidentally laid upon tho molecular onomy . Tho honourable member for Finebury must have intonded boing satirical upon tho " Collective Wisdom . " Honourable
members are not always particular about goine t + v constituents withclean hands . Indeed / welcarcel v an instance in which a constituency feel at all cert * finding their representative in a state of digital iT ^ jv And considering how often honourable members ^ dust into the eyes of the country , we are of opinion tU there must be a demand for dust in the House of C mons , and that Dr . Reid has only testified hie knowlJa " of the prospective legislatbrial patriotism , by providin ^ supply . ga
Tfojurtt Cnuntil.
tfOjurtt Cnuntil .
Pc01609
[Is This Depabtmeht, As All Opinions, Ho...
[ is this depabtmeht , as all opinions , however sxibxux ABB AltOWSD AIT BXPEBSSIOK , THB EDITOB HBCESSlKILX HOLDS HIMSBLP EESPOirSIBLB FOB SOITB . ] .
There Is No Learned Man But Will Confess...
There is no learned man but will confess he hath much profited by reading controversies , his senses awakened . and Ms judgment sharpened . If , then , it be profitable for Mm to read , why should it not , at least , be tolerable for Ms adversary to write . —Miraow .
Rifle-Reasoning. {To The Editor Qf'the L...
RIFLE-REASONING . { To the Editor qf'the Leader . ) Deab Sift , —Is your Open Council open yet again for a fur ther antidote to the counsel of your more exclusive columns ? The following , from your facile American contemporary , the New York Herald of the 7 th instant , occurs in a report of the municipal election in St . Louis . It exemplifies to the Hie ( or death !) tho ancient logic ; whereof , in oblivion of the adage , " How oft the aight of means to do ill deed * Makes ill deeds done 1 " " Certain parties" have of late become enamoured . " A disgraceful riot , " says the Serald , ( said "parties " would , I presume , characterize it even more gingerly , as , perhaps , a little healthy bloodletting , or somewhat of that sort , ) '' occurred in the First ward , which resulted in the death of six persons , and the wounding of five or six others , by shots which were fired from the windows of a German coffee-house . This house , m addition ^) one or two other buildings , was entirety destroyedT ^ ffeMhe close of the polls . Thergiurriing crowd , when at > HT 6 ~ cornerof Seventh / andI ParJc avenue , were fired upon from ^ h ^ - ^ wndows of WeicKin
meyerV Tavern . The windows and doors were - stantly broken in , and the crowd , on gaining access , ftrea tho building , which was burnt to the ground , mo crowd was again fired on at the corner of Park ana Carondelet avenues ; and a member of theBt . Jjouw Fire Company was mortally wounded . The liouso from which the last shot was fired was instantly nodied , and the crowd then pursued their way up town , and quietly dispersed . , . « " Later at night the crowd collected around tw office of the Aneeiger de Western , when tho miuciuj were ordered out by the mayor , and , having lorro , kept the block where the office is situated clear uncu late hour in the night . Tho office appeared to . m aertedthe inmates probably expecting an fttt ( ic * \
, " The city / ' adds your nonchalant < x > nto ™ P ?™ "is perfectly quiet to-day . " Mea ^ ant consolatwn those who have lost fathers , or sons , or brothers ,, i ^ " riot ! " Beautiful illustration this of " t » e r f "( of arms , " and tho use thereof , in this m ° d ° V *"" Cch freedom , whose " glorious liberty , " ^ th ° f * Pe and action , ( not without invidious reference to ° » " benighted state , in comparison , ) we never near off Only six persons killed , and Jive or » * wounded , "by shots ! " Only two houses «!»«¦» riddied" and « burned to the ground ! ' ,, ,, ttin £ Behold the natural and direct result oi . l . ^«^ + v « ™« wdft '« Widft . " and shifting t " . ' ,.
from truth and justice to rude passion anu i » . force ! And yet tho policy which leads to dcftr serioUBly recommended to ow adop tion .- ** ^ ^ sir , yours , Ac ., LiT « rpool , 20 th AfriJ , 1852 .
-
-
Citation
-
Leader (1850-1860), May 22, 1852, page 16, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_22051852/page/16/
-