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386 T K^ ^ WA &MW- ' ^ [Sa^rday^
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ELECTION MATTERS. FACTS ABOUT THE ELlCTl...
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THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTARY REFORM ASSOCI...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Lord Derby's Conference With The Slnmry ...
The sanitary duties now imposed on numerous executive bodies should devolve on competent Officers of Health . The Building Act required some alteration too , so as to insure that ail buildings hereafter constructed in the metropolis shall be suitable for healthy habitation . In conclusion , Mr . Lord urged his Lordship to givejsome assurance to the Association that the two points mentioned should promptly receive the - attention 'they deserved , and , that the friends of Sanitary Reform might have the . satisfaction of finding that there was a certainty that the excessive mortality should have such a Cheek as legal enactments could secure—such as her Majesty had alluded to in an early speech from , the throne , and which had been anxiously looked for by the public .
Mr . F . O . Wiex > expressed his entire concurrence m the remark of the right reverend Prelate , that Sanitary Keform could only be effectively carried out on a broad and comprehensive scale . The sarritaryreorganization of this great . metropolis , embracing as it did the reconstruction , on mew principles , of its entire arterial and venous circulating system , constituted an enterprise more colossal and more pregnant of good to mankind than any civic undertaking recorded in the history , of civilized man . And when this vast enterprise was contemplated , in connexion with the further and still vaster scheme of appl ying the venous outflow of the town for the fertilization of the country , the boldest mind might well be startled by the magnitude of the work to be accomplished , and of the
beneficial results to be attained . VVith so wide a range of topics before him , and so short a time to handle them , he would be unable to do more than , to touch cursorily on some more salient points in each department of the subject ; but even in this rapid review lie hoped to show his lordship direct burdens of several millions sterling per annum , now needlessly pressing on the population of London , in consequence of the existing defective arrangements—burdens which might at once he removed by the adoption of the new sanitary system ; nay , more , which might be exchanged for a positive money revenue of full y equal amount , so soon as the two greatmovements , sanitary and agricultural , should be combined and organized in the manner he would set forth . ,
Taking first the subject of water supply , and looking to the question of source , he showed the incontestible superiority of water from barren sandy hill-tops over water from cultivated valley-bottoms ; the former being the pure rain , received on sand washed clean by the rainfall of ages , filtering through this sand to the clay beneath , and guided by thcr impermeable clay to the shoulder ^ of the hi ll , whence it issued in pure sparkling springs : while the latter was ^ the rainfall received on cultivated lands , and passing over fields dressed with stable manures , rotten , sprats , guano , and similar impurities , or creeping through semi-stagnant ditches into the river drain of the valley , where it was further polluted , in the case of the Thames , by the sewage of towns and villages inhabited by
a population of three quarters of a million , even above Teddington-loclc , even above the tidal reflux of the London sewage . Mr . "Ward here exhibited a diagram representing the Surrey uplands , with the sand spring water issuing above , and the Thames river drain , contaminated with manure and sewage , flowing below ; and he showed in a very convincing way that common sense , let alone chemistry and science , dictated our resorting for water supp li es to the h ill tops , and not to the valley bottoms ; while the proved waste in soap , soda , tea , & c , occasioned bv the twenty tons of chalk contained in each day ' s
sup-{) 'iy of Thames water , amounted annually in London to no oss than 1 , 000 , 000 ? . a year . Passing to the question of distribution , ho expressed his gratification that the Sanitary party had at length forced the companies to abandon the intermittent cistern sorvice , and to adopt the constant supply at high pressure .: the value of which ho illustrated by showing that even the seven years' delay for which the companies asked , before introducing the constant supply , would involvo an exponso , in interest ^ and repairs , of old cisterns , and in needloss construction of new ones , amounting to no l oss . a total than 876 , 000 ? .
Entering on the next topic , that of house drainage , ho compared the cost of hand labour ? cleansing of cesspools , and of cartago-cleansing and flushing of the old-fashioned sowers of deposit , with the economy of tho now tubular drains and sowers , ncouring themselves by tho flow of Bteilm-pumpod water ; and ho showed that tho saving in tho flushing costs alone averaged 201 . per mile per annum , bo as to exceed tho annual charge ( 19 Z . 8 « . 5 d . ) which would pay tho cost of a soli-scouring tubular sower m 20 years ; thus showing that London might bo drained , de novo , not only without any increase , but with a largo reduction of existing charges . After sorao remarks on mu-faco-cleansing by hose and jot , and on subsoil-drainage of tho low-lying water-logged districts , which ho showed might bo kept dry by steam-pumping , as fens and marshes are kept dry , at from 2 s . to 5 * . por acre per annum ( equal to about Id . por houso por annum for tho 4000 acres ot describe
Southwark ) , Mr . Ward p roceeded to mo now tubular organization of farms , with iron pipes , hydrants , and hofio and jot , by which 1 ho London sowago might bo distributed over tho adjacent lands , so soon as tho mains for carrying it thither out of London were provided . Ho nhowed " that thin was no theoretical speculation , but wa « already in huccohsI ' uI operation on many farms , and had raisod ' tho produce in on « case to Hovonty tons of grans por aero per annum , and in another fr <> m twelve to eighty s ( ackn por aero por annum , while , in othor cases , it had raised land previously barren ' to a yearly value in produce exceeding 121 . por aero . Tho noeoBsary nowugo mains for London would cost about a million sterling , tho valuo of tho oxcroinont thoy would navo ( computed on tho markot price of human soil in Belgium ) would bo , at two tons por hottBO per annum , 4 , 800 , 000 ^ . a year — yielding , with largo allowance for all possible contingencies anddruwbacks , a not rovonuo of at least 2 , 000 , 000 *
por annum . Ho then referred to tho monopolist water companies as tho chiof obstacle to ft comprehensive sanitary
organization of the metropolis , and brought forward a financial scheme for buying them out at their full capital of 6 , 269 , 999 ? ., ; and so putting , an end to the universally detested water monopoly , not only without burdensome charge on the public , but with an annual saving of 273 , 000 ? . out of the 431 j 000 ? . now paid in water rental to the companies . By a further charge of 121 , 000 ? . per annum he showed that we could pay off the debt incurred in this transaction in thirty years , so as to leave ¦ the waterworks in fee simple to our successors ; still saving "our « selves 32 , 00 CK . per annum of the present extortionate
rates . -, , '"' ¦' * Recapitulating the savings of expense , and the gain of revenue , he showed that on the few points he had mentioned in this rapid review , 4 , 825 , 936 ? . might be secured to the inhabitants of London by a vigorous and comprehensive sanitary reorganization of the town ; and he urged on his Lordship , in conclusion , to press forward boldly in this arduous but noble work , which . would give us the protection we most needed—protection against disease and its ghastly consequences — crime , pauperism , and misery ; and which would defend us against an invasion more terrible and more imminent than that of any human potentates—the fell invasion of the Asiatic pestilence .
The Earl of Derby thanked the speakers for their valuable suggestions , and replied at considerable length ; commenting on the various obstacles to grapple at once with all the details of so vast a scheme . But he assured the Deputation that the Sanitary question occupied a large share of the attention of her Majesty ' s Government ; and that , short as the session would be , they were in hopes of doing something . towards settling the important question of extramural sepulture before the separation of Parliament .
386 T K^ ^ Wa &Mw- ' ^ [Sa^Rday^
386 T K ^ ^ WA & MW- ' ^ [ Sa ^ rday ^
Election Matters. Facts About The Ellctl...
ELECTION MATTERS . FACTS ABOUT THE ELlCTlONS . CoxoneIi Thompson- and Mr . Milligan , the present members for Bradford , have met a large body of the electors and non-electors . -So hopeless is Mr * Wickham ' s case thought to he , that several gentlemen who have been furnished with hooks for the purpose of canvassing the electors on his behalf , have allowed them to remain untouched . In an address to the electors , Colonel Thompson says that——" Onthe question of the Militia I voted that a permanent militia was better than a local . But since that time the Government has shifted the whole grounds of the demand , it lias declared that it" Sees no ^ dttnger- ^ frpm the quarter where I believo you and I thought the danger was , and Jhat the militia is demanded as a precaution against what you and I conceive to be our friends . In other words , tiie militia is to be called out to help to preserve what at Paris is nick-named ' Order / and as a hostile demonstration to those who may be disposed to restore constitutional government . Those of us who ^ are not young , have had some understanding of what this means . In addition , tho Government has thrown cold water on the offer of Volunteers . Like the man on the other side
the Channel , it does not want National Guards . It is for a force that must be paid , and not for a force that will pay itself . Under these circumstances , unless pressed to the contrary by tho constituency , I propose to vote both against the Militia Bill and the increase of the regular army ; and before all this is settled , I see chances that the danger may have died away . .... On my last presence in Bradford , I declared in public meeting , that I supported the Ecclesiastial Titles B ill , because the Catholics behaved ill to us ; but that I would not Support the opposition to tho Maynooth Grant , because that would bo behaving ill to them . I have a strong persuasion that if the two sides could change places for half an hour , both those opinions would be voted correct . "
For tho first time within tho memory of the " oldest inhabitant , " there will be no " court candidate" for the borough of Windsor at the ensuing general election . Tho number of voters now attached to the royal household is about 50 ; tradesmen , pensioners , and others employed on tho royal domain , who would he expected to obey orders , might bring this number up to 120 ; and there nro 710 names on tho register . It will thus be seen that , supposing tho whip to bo
used in tho most unscrupulous manner , tho court voters might place a candidate respectably on tho poll , but would by no means secure his return . This was felt by tho friends of Mr . Gronfell , tho Liberal and Freetrado candidate , who made these calculations on tho clear understanding that tho Castle employes would all poll for General Reid and Mr . Vansittarfc . Tho friends of freedom of election will , however , rejoice to learn that Mr . Vanmttart and General lloid lmvo reckoned
without their host on tho present occasion . One of tho lust acts of lior Majesty , during tho recent sojourn of tho court at tho Cnstlo , was to issue her royal commands ' that no officer attachod to her person , howevor high his position , should interfere with tho free exorcise of tho electoral franchise of hor servants or tradesmen at tho coming election , on pain of dismissal . Such an order needs no comment . It has already annihilated tho hopes of ono , and it only requires tho presence of a second Liberal in tho Hold to ensure tho rejection of both tho ministerial candidates . Mr . William Coningham , of Brighton , who lately oflerod his services to tho Tower Hamlets , is n " candidate for Wfttorfoid , Tho Watvrford Chronicle nay & : — " Mr . Coningham possesses an amplo private fortune , is completely independent of all party or Government
influence , and from his connexion with Ireland ( he being * m Irishman ) , as well as his intimate knowledge of its requirements / we know no better man to represent us ; We may add , that Mr . Coningham , m conjunction with Lord Goderich , has distinguished himself by endeavouring to bring about an adjustment of the difference between the engit neers and their employers . He is a warm supporter of Mr . Sharman Crawford , and , we knowj mostsincerel y desirous of a speedy settlement of the landlord and tenant question . It is needless to say he 'is a Free-trader . " * Mri Edward Miall , whose canvass in Rochdale proceeds enthusiastically , has addressed tlie , electors at a public meeting , Mr . Jacob Bright in the chair ; In the course of his speech Mr . Miall said : —
"Why , when we are improvingso rapidly in so many respects , should there not also be some improvement in the science and practice of civil government ? Why should not some portion of that energy and wisdom that are now engaged in elevating the whole mass of the people , be likewise , employed in carrying on public affairs ? Formy own . part , I must profess , that , unless I greatly mistake the spirit of the age , the people are calhng for an administration construtted upon a much wider basis than we have ever seen heretofore , —an administration which shall fairly represent Engl ish common sense , English love of fair jp lay , English sturdy independence , English self-denial . We want
something of that wisdom , something of these qualities , that have done so much to alter ' -. the destinies . of this country alreadyv- —we want them permeatmg and penetrating every department of public affairs in this country . And there is no reason in the world why we should not have it . We do not ask that statesmanship should be given up by the aristocratic portion of society , but we do require that they should surrender their monopoly of it . We are strong enough now to walk alone ; we need no go-cart . We do nob want a head nurse , in the person either of Lord John Russellor the Earl of Derby . We understandour interests equally as well as they ; we are actively engaged every day
in looking after those interests ui all their various and detailed ramifications ; surely then among Us are the men best capable of looking after our interests in their more important and general relations , Government by the people and for the people , is the maxi m by which I desire my politics to be regelated . Government' by the people , and for the people ^ wu % I hope , be tho effectual response you will give at the next general election to the appeal made to you by the Earl or Derby . "' The Hon . T . Trevor , Mi * . Bosanquet , and Mr . Fuller , says the Hertford Mercury , have agreed , on requisition , to contest the county of Herts upon Liberal and
Free-trade principles . Mr . T . B . Hobhouse , the present member for Lincoln , will be invited to contest the borough of Ipswich , on Liberal principles . ' . No Liberal Members are at present announced for Sligo County , but two , it is expected , will be put in nomination , with every prospect of success . The candidate for Bridgewater is Mr . Serjeant Kinglake of the Western Circuit , cousin of the author of JSottien . Seven candidates are in the field for the borough of Bodmin .
Seven candidates are also mentioned for Sheffield , the last one talked of being a Chartist ; but here , as elsewhere , it it is to be hoped what are called " People ' s Candidates" will be restricted to those who really intend to go to the poll , otherwise it will be said that an illegitimate advantage is taken of the election . Mr . Whateley , Q . C ., Tory member , in his address to the electors of Bath , declares his intentions with respect to Free-trade . "I will * vote against reimposhiff a tax upon the importation of corn , or any other measure which , in my judgment , will raiRe the price of bread , for , from much personal intercourse with tho poor , I well know the blessing of a cheap loaf . 1 would , however , heartily concur in any practicablemeasures for the relief of tho agricultural or trading
interestfl . The Liberal interest progresses satisfactorily . Mr . Shearman retires from the representation ol Durham . Mr . Granger , Q . C ., and Mr . Wm . Atherton , Q . C ., stand as Frec-trado and Liberal candidates .
The National Parliamentary Reform Associ...
THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTARY REFORM ASSOCIATION . To the Electors and Non-Electors of Great JSritaw and Ireland , _ t Gkntmmen , —On tho evo of a general election it is our imperative duty to understand and rightly to appreciate tho issues of tho coming struggle—* ' 10 , r " Hponsibilities of electors , and the , duties of non-eleetora . Wo address you as an association which rega measured moro than men—tho interests , of tho way more than tho advantages of , tho , few . We « " <»<" von earnestlv ,-Datrioticallv--fi' 00 from party ; bia « -
The Government of tho day indicates its hosting political as well as to commercial freedom . * nouncoa parliamentary reform as Itopublicanism , ^^ its supporters ua demagogues . It repudiates 1 M ° ' as injurious to the-intercuts of-tho country , ana i claims its desire to return to Protection . . .. "Tho next Parliament will have to dtaido * l ™ h ° ** J great body of the taxpayers shall remain unenirancnw
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), April 24, 1852, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_24041852/page/6/
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