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T H E R O or the dial of electric telegr...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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¦Mi Scellaneous. Thk Coubt.—The Queen An...
or the dial of electric telegraphs ; and so contrived that ao door , window , or gate , to which it is applied , can possibly be opened Without an immediate alarm being jiveii by the ringing of a bell ; at the same time a match is struck -which , lights a candle , thus enabling the inmates , by the face of the indicator , to know -what particular apartment hag been entered , and also indicate the progress of the unlawful visitor through the premises . Ajs Ixmax Reform League has been inaugurated at Calcutta . Perfumery . —Curious as a , re the records of the indulgence of former ages in cosmetics and aromatics , it has certainly been reserved for our own time to perfect the science of perfumery . "Within the laboratory of the perfumer , chemistry new holds a recognized place , and rx » ?!¦* a / lial Ar Ql *!* " * + ¦ »* l r » + dl £ » nr * v «< i t \ ii c + « o *^ *¦! cr \ nAv >< »*« v * sul i- 'V * a <•
acres of some of the fairest spots in Europe and Asia are devoted to the cultivation of flowers -whose fragrance is no longer wasted on the desert air , but preserved for the enjoyment of all who choose to purchase it . India and Europe consume annually 150 , 000 gallons of perfumed spirits . One large Continental perfumer alone consumes every year 80 , 000 lbs . of orange blossoms , 54 , 000 lbs . of rose-leaves , 32 , 000 lbs . of jasmine , 00 , 000 lbs . of the flowers of tlie acacia farnesiana , besides a large amount of lemon , rosemary , lilac , turbereuse , and other sweets melling flowers . England imports nearly 200 , 000 lbs . of essential oils , about 20 , 000 bottles of eau-de-cologne , and an incalculable amount of pomatums , soaps , and all the mysterious belongings of a lady ' s toilet-table . Pliny lamented the enormous sums that were withdrawn from
Koine in exchange for the spices and . pearls of India and Arabia . The indulgence of perfumery amongst us increases the revenue 40 , 000 / . a year . The most novel and remarkable feature of the present manufacture of perfumes is the establishment of flower farms . Flowers , indeed , have taken the place of ambergris , musk , civet , and the odoriferous giuns , -which are now only used to give stability to the more evanescent scents . There are flower farms in Europe and Asia , and another is likely to be started in Australia for the cultivation of the wattle , a plant of the acacia genus , axid resembling in odour very powerful violets . Practical men bear in mind the cheapness of mutton fat ( a very necessary consideration , the preparation of suet being an important branch
of the perfumery business ) , and anticipate success . England has her flower farm at jtfitcbam , in Surrey , where lavender and peppermint flourish unrivalled . Roses are also cultivated there , but only for the purpose of making rose-water . The French rose-water , however , is far superior ; and for otto of roses we are dependent upon India and Turkey . The otto obtained from roses grown at Ghazepore , in India , gained the prize at the Great Exhibition in 1851 . In Turkey , the cultivation is chiefly attended to by the Christians in the district of the Balkan . From that neighbourhood axe obtained every year , on an average , 40 , 000 ounces of the otto . Some idea may be gained of the extent of the rose plantations
from the fact that 2000 rose-blooms yield but one drachm of otto . Patchouli , another Eastern plant , is said to have been introduced into Europe in the following manner : —It was observed by the purchasers and sellers in Paris of Indian shawls that they possessed a peculiar fragrance . It was useless to attempt to pass off home-spun goods for the genuine article ; however admirable was the imitation , the fraud was immediately detected by the absence of tie true 6 mell . At last the haberdashers discovered the secret ; the scent was owing to patchouli , and the plant which was then first imported to aid the deceptions of trade , soon became a fashionable perfume . —Fraser ' s Mayuzine .
Beggars in Madrid . —After the theatres , from eleven till one , when the cafes are ait the fullest , beggars of a certain class are in their glory , and xeap their harvest . These are the thoroughly professional mendicants with children . The toleration extended to beggars , and especially to the juveniles amongst them , is very great , and rather astonishes a foreigner . Watch-sellors , lotteryticket vendors , dealers in toys and soap , all enter the cafds , and are seldom ejected . At the door of the Cafe Snizo , at the co rner of the streets of Alcala and Sevilln , a -woman nightly stations herself , attended by a troop of children . These , acting under her direction , make raids into the cafe , aud show extraordinary adroitness in ducking under tables and concealing themselves behind
burly individuals in cloaks , when they eco a waiter appronching . No'w and then he detects them , and flaps thorn out of the place with , hia napkin , like flies ; but , like that persevering insect , he no sooner turns his back than they are in again , with one eye , vigilant , on him , with the other , imploring , on the guests . One great object of the desires of these incipient guerillas is the cigar-ends that lie about tlio floor , and in the pursuit of which they display a suppleness that seems to argue a complete absence of bones , or , at the least , a double allowance of joints . Some of them carry bags , wherein collect the
they coveted fragments of moiBt tobacco , which are afterwarda dried , chopped up , and converted into ciyaritoa ( paper cigars ) of the best quality . One small urchin , about three feet High , and apparently not much more than aix yoa * s old , ia a most active and valuable member of this mendicant association . To see him darting under benches and tables , and into impossible corners , and between people ' s logH , and collecting hia spoil under the very noso of the waiters and doubling like a hare , and scouring out at the door -when they * noko a move in Ma direction , is quite wonderful , lie
wears a scrap of brown cloth over his shoulders in imitation of a cloak 5 his features are pretty , although sickly ; his complexion pallid , as may be expected in a youth of his years who frequents cafes until one in the morning ; and it is to be feared that his diminutive size and tender age earn him . so many coppers that he will finally- make a fortune by beggary , and bring up his children and grandchildren to tlie same trade . The circulation of beggars in cafes' does not strike one in Madrid so much as it would in most large towns , since here it is common for people scarcely better dressed than beggars freely to enter such establishments , where they are served quite as promptly as if they were blue-blooded grandees . Basque peasants in round jackets , and red or white flat caps ( the Biscayan boina , which was the Carlist uniform cap during the __ . __ t % i i . » m * i <* - « ....
civil war , and was worn by Zumalacarregui and Cabiera ) , muleteers , and men who , from their appearance , might be of any low rough occupation , walk in , accompanied by their females , establish themselves round the marble tables contemplate their stubbly and not always very clean countenances in the " handsome mirrors , repose luxuriousl y against the padded velvet teat backs the benches , and take their coffee as coolly , converse as unconcernedly , and seem in all respects to consider themselves quite as much in their right place as any of the Excelencias and Senorias around them , and who show no more surprise at their intrusion than they manifest discomposure on finding themselves in such exalted society . But , as before said , Spain is tlie land of real equality—more so than France , where it is much more talked about . —BlaclncooiVs Magazine .
The Pejucan . —Some years ago , I formed an acquaintance with a most benevolent and mentally enterprizing English gentleman in Rome . He was , at that time , fully tent on fitting out an expedition , from his own native land , to the interior of Africa , in order to christianize the barbarians of those far distant parts , and to make good English farmers of them . Many an hour ' s conversation I had Avith him on his darling plan of cultivating Africa . But he could not gain me over . I placed before his eyes the diseases of the climate , the pestilential swamps , the torrents of tropical rain , the lieat of a fiery sun , and the hostility of surrounding tribes , savage as the savagest wild beasts of the forest . To all this , he answered that he would try : —and
afterwards he did try on his return to England . Having organized an expedition at fearful cost to the country , it proceeded to Africa ; he himself staying at home . Woeful was its final issue . But to the point . One day whilst our conversation turned upon the natural history of the country , he asked me if I believed that pelicans feed their young ones with the blood from their own breasts ? I answered that it was a nursery storj ' . Then sir , said he , let me tell you that I do believe it . A person of excellent character , and who had travelled far in Africa , had assured him that it was a well-known fact . Nay , he himself , with liis own eyes , had seen young
pelicans feeding on their mother ' s blood . And how did she stanch the blood , said I , when the young had finished sucking?—or by what means did the mother get a fresh supply for future meals ? The gentleman looked grave . The whole mystery 1 , sir , said I ( and which , in fact , is no mystery at all ) , is simply this : The old pelicans go to sea for fish , and having filled their large pouch with what they have caught , they return to the nest . There , standing "bolt upright , the young ones press up to them , and get tlieir breakfast from the mother ' s mouth ; the blood of the captured fishes , running down upon the parent ' s breast : —and this is all the keen observer saw . — Watertoris Essays on Natural History .
Anglo-Saxon Sepultuue . —A very singular and , it is believed , unique mode of interment has recently been discovered by Mr . Akerman , secretary of the Society of Antiquaries , while engaged in antiquarian researches in an Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Urighthampton , near Witney , Oxfordshire . In a grave only two feet deep hiy the skeleton of a man , measuring six feet six inches long ; an iron spear-hend by the left ear , a Imife in the lap , and the left hand still grasping the handle of the umbo of a shield . The skeleton lay with the head due east , the exact reverse of the direction of the bodies in Anglo-Saxon graves , -which are generally found with the head to the west . Beneath the skeleton , and in close contact , lay the remains of a woman , her head resting
under tho legs of the man , and her feet under his head . Near the skull of the lower skeleton was found a hairpin of bronze , on tho breast a bronze fibula , and in tho lap , where tho hands were placed , nine amber beads of unusually large size , which hnd probably formed bracelets . DlSFRANCHISKMKNT OF LAWYERS IN WKSTMrNSTKIl —At tho sitting of tho " Westminster Registration , last Saturday , in the Court of the Lords Justices , Westminster Hall , Mr . Huggott , the Liberal a ^ cnt , made objections tu ' fina hundred and eleven Iaw 3 'crs of Lincoln ' s
Inn , Clement's Inn , and Now Inn . Mr . lluggett anid that he appeared as the Agent of tho Westminster Eeform Association , and that hia objections were , tltnt , while the legal gontlumon in question chained the elective franchise on tl » o ground that they occupied chambers in tho city of Westminster , their places of residenco were beyond the legal distunco from London . One of tho lawyers objected to was rated for a wrong number in Now-square , Lincoln's Inn . Another wnn described by n wrong Christian nnino . Tho revising barrister expressed great astonishment at thcac iiiHtancca
of carelessness on the part of lawyers ; and the one hundred and eleven names were struck off . Improved Dwellings for the Poor . —The society established in Lambeth for improving tho dwellings of the poor have selected a site near the crowded neigh bourhood of the Vauxhall Station of the South-Western Railway , and is now erecting upon it -a series of thirty-two dwellings , from the design of Messrs . Ashpital and TVhichcord , architects . Of the range , ^ vhich is four stories in height , each house has a slate balcony supported by iron columns , & c , each set has _ _
a lofty sitting and bedroom , with water laid on and all appropriate -domestic conveniences , also awash-house in the yard fitted with every modern improvement . The buildings will be ventilated under the direction of the Air Syphon Ventilating Company . Messrs . Colls and Co ., of Moorgate-street and Camberwell , builders , - who are the licencees of the invention , are also the contractors for the erection of the buildings . It is to be regretted that the architects have omitted to provide for warmth in the case of sickness , by arranging for a fire-place in each bed room . It is , however , not yet too late to remedy this default .
A Dksektkd Vessel . —The crew of a "Welsh schooner have brought into Grimsby a Dutch vessel , found about fifty miles from the mouth of the Humber , totally deserted . The vessel was laden with corn , and when found lad about five feet of water in her hold , her sails and rigging were very little inj ured , and the water was soon got under . The captain and crew have since ar" rived in Grimsby ; they had left her under the conviction that she would soon sink . Turkish . Brigaxds . —A French suliject has been
carried off and held to ransom by some brigands of Scala INova and Samos . It is thought that these men have taken refuge in the latter island and are now concealed there . The commander of the French steamer Solon has been applied to by the consul , and is about to start for Samos , and the Turkish authorities of Smyrna have also sent an Ottoman steamer with a detachment of police to line the shore , and thus prevent the brigands from escaping by sea . —Letter from Smyrna in the Moniieur de hi Flottn .
. Neina Satiu ; in a Xovei ,. —A new journal , called the Armv . e llfusfree , which is advertised for next week , starts with a feuille'bn entitled "Nena Sabib , or the Strangler of the Indies . " Death i-koji Parish' Xkglect . — An inquest has been held by Mr . TVakley at the Elephant and Custle in Camden Town , on the body of Eli ^ tbeth Hughes , who recently died in St . Pancras workhouse . Mrs . Hughes had walked with her husband all the way from Birmingham to London , and they arrived at Islington about seven o ' clock in the evening . As it was raining very hard , they applied at the Islington workhouse for a night 1 * lodging , but they were refused admission , and wore referred to the St . Paucras workhouse , which they were told was not above ten minutes' walk from Islington .
They did not , however , reach the Pancras workhouse until after more than an hour ' s walk , when they were thoroughly drenched , and were then obliged to wait another hour before they were admitted . After thuy were taken in , Hughes and bis wife were separated , and the former heard nothing more of her until the following morning , when he was told slie was dead . Hughes had nothing given him to eat on the night of his admission and he therefore went without any kind of relVeshment , till some gruel -was served out to him for breakfast next morning . Mr . Coster , the workhouse surgeon , said in answer to this , that he must have been admit ted after supper time , as supper was always supplied to all tramps on admission . He ( Mr . Coster ) had nuulc 11 po * t-7 nortem examination of the body of Mrs . Hughes , from which he ascertained that she had died from disease of the heart ,
lungs , and other organs , combined with excessive diarrhoea , and not from cholera as was at first supposed . Mr . Coster stated , in reply to a remark from the coroner touching the treatment , by certain parishes , ofthe vagrant poor , that the Pancras workhouse had receptionwards for cases like tho present , but that none of the adjoining- parishes had any such accommodation ; the consequence of which was that the latter were obliged to get rid of persons under similar circumstances to Hughes and his wife by sending them to St . Pancras . Tlie jury returned a verdict in accordaneo with the medical testimony .
Propkssoii Aoassiz . —Professor Agassi / ., of Harvard University , Cambridge , MasHachu . settH , ban been offered by Louis Napoleon the Professorship of Paleontology ttt tho Museum of Natural History in Parin , niiulo vacant by the death of M . d'Oibigny . lie lias declined , however , to accept tho post , being unwilling to hevcr his connexion with America . Tiik Nick ok Time . —As the late Earl I-it / . lmrdingo ' a rent-roll i « Kuppo . scd to have been about -10 , 01 ) 0 / . y ear , a nieci point , it i . i remarked , may arise on tlie < niestio noi
thopieci . su hour of Ilia death , which is announced »» having taken place * about midnight' between the 10 th and litli in . ^ t . His renls wore payable at ' old . time , that ih , Old Lady . day and Old Michaelmas-day . Old . Miohauhnas-ilny fell thia yuar on Sunday , the Uth inst ., and tho day begins nt midnight . Now , " i . h « will is 'hie - upon tho lir . iL moment of the day it , twconu'H due , ho that ut one Hccoml beyond twelve o ' clock of tho 10 ( li in * J renf , payable at Old Michuolinus-dny is ui lav duo . 1 *
T H E R O Or The Dial Of Electric Telegr...
_ l l - __ T H lLJkJE _ AJD ! E R . j-go . 396 , October 24 , 1857 . ¦ ¦ ¦ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^"'^¦¦¦^¦ ^ fc ^
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Oct. 24, 1857, page 10, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_24101857/page/10/
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