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August 26, 1854.] THE LEADER. 807
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/H\»+rt.**- /f?\Y**t*,«*l (Ptinl MlUini* T
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CIN THIS DKrAUTMEtfT, A3 ATX OriKIONS, H...
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There is no learned man but -will confes...
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INDIA, {To the Editor of the Leader.) is...
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MR. G. N. SANDERS'S* LETTER. (To the JRd...
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Transcript
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
L'Instructipn' Pubuque En Rus3ib. [Wo Ha...
" ' avec le temps -la flotte russe jouera un . grand role et etonnera le monde . ~ La force de la Bussie croit de jour en jour sur terre et sur rner , et son influence s ' augmente dans la meme proportion . " La flotte itussie a ordre de n ' accepter de combat qu ' 6 tant trois contre un , et jamais l'influence Kusse n'a 6 * 16 " plus discredited . Mais revenons a l'iustruction publique . II y a 21 § 3 .-ecoles en Russia et le nombre des eleves n'est quje , de 118 , 470 . Dans toute la . j ^ iberie il h'ya que 3770 ecoliers !
II y a 6 universites ; celle de Pe ' tersbourg avee 369 etudiants , de Moscou avec 821 , de Dorpat avec 587 , de Kharkov avec 407 , de Kievavec 595 , de Kazan avec 329 . II n'est done pas vrai que le Tzar a , en 1649 $ . liniite le nomire 4 es etudians a 300 , a ^ ha ^ tta uniyersite comme on I'a pr ^ tendu a diverges reprises . Si la philosophic et . le droit public ont > ete banriis de'la Russie , la langue Grecque a ^ te , dans la plupart des gjimnases , Templace par I'enseignement des sciences naturelleSj- mesures que nous repouyone qa ' approuver , carnoUs preiferons toujpurs les sciences viyantes & ux langues niotiesv
3 j Acadeinie des sciences eat cbniposee de 45 memores . Ou salt que e ' est l'imperatrice Catharine II . ' qui l ' a forme ' e en nommantpiourpr ^ sidente Madame la JPrincesse Dashkof qui afait un-bondiscours . a « e sujet . I > epuis ce corps s ' est recrute par des nominations gouvcrnmeiitaleSi On ne s ' est pas doute que Mi Pplenof , chef df s arcliives : et d'tin d 6 partement aux . affaires etrattgeres , de ' eecic en 1851 , si 6 te president de la section ; littdrairedei ' aqadettile , et a etg remplace par le conseiller d ' etat actUel Davidoff . La bibliotliGdue de cette acadeniie a 931000 tontes .
Ayec xin budget d 0 : mpinS ' de trpis Tnillion 3 de roubles ( 400 ; 000 / . ) on > ne pent guere fairebeaucoup pour Tinstruetion publique . Le chiffre des-Mvres Itusses paraissant dans Tempire , driginaux , n ' atteint pas mille par an et cehii des editions peViodiques y Compris les journaux , est de 102 . II a ete . emporte 767 , 000 volumes de Tetranger dont 11 , 000 bnt ete retournes comme d « * fendus , Le royaunie deIrologne introduit a pas 30 , 000 volumes , en nqmbres-rorids ; par-an . Ivan Golovin .
P . S . eXoukovsky , le poe'te Itusse et Tinstructeur du Grand Due Heritier est mort a Baden-Baden en Avril , 1851 , et iivec lui rrieurt l'amienne litterature Russe . Le journal de Tinstruction publique a ; insert ube pompeuse relation de sa ruorfc faite par le pretre Iiusse a Stuttgart . Apres avoir eomnvunie ' , il a vu apparaitre Je ' sus Christ , que ne fait pas rimagination surex citee d ' un pocte pieux ! Sa figure , apres sa mort portalt "l ' empreinte d'un hpmme juste . " II ayait dit a son domestique : " Basile , des que je serai mort place sur mes yeux deux pieces de florin et bande moi la bouehe pour que ma vue ne spit pas effrayarite . "
Derri & re son cercueil on porfca 30 decorations et ordres difierents , etle gouvemement payn ses ceuvres 38 , 000 roubles argent . On en conclut qu'il protege Igs talents , mais le Satan lui-meme ainie ses amis- et Jonlcovsky eta ' xt l ' auteur du Russian " Save the Czar . "
August 26, 1854.] The Leader. 807
August 26 , 1854 . ] THE LEADER . 807
/H\»+Rt.**- /F?\Y**T*,«*L (Ptinl Mluini* T
( Djm ! : Cautrrtl .
Cin This Dkrautmetft, A3 Atx Orikions, H...
CIN THIS DKrAUTMEtfT , A 3 ATX OriKIONS , HOWKVIjn BXTItEMK , MX , AlXOWISn AJ * i : XIM ! KSSlON , TIII 5 KDIXOU NECEH 9 A 1 ULY HOLDS 1 HMsnr . i » itissro ^ siDLii yon no . vk . ]
There Is No Learned Man But -Will Confes...
There is no learned man but -will confess bo hath much profited by reading controversies , bis senses awalcGned aadlu . 3 judgment sharpened . If , then , it bo profitable for him to reaa , ' why should it not at lea ^ t , lie tolerable for hia adversary to write . —Mimon .
India, {To The Editor Of The Leader.) Is...
INDIA , { To the Editor of the Leader . ) isiii , —X said in my last letter that the natives -wore tolerably npt at learning tlio nannjs of historical personages , and the dates of events , But I did not render tliom fall justice : thoy arc at least as quick in confuaing and forgetting as in acquiring information . About two years ago the ilrst class at the Calcutta Madressa— or university—competed for a prize , tutf the following answers woro returned by some of the most promising youths :
Q . Who was tlio fathoj 1 of King Henry I . ? A , liurold—Ijufus—li » olu \ rd thu Lion-hc : irtod . Q . Wlio w « a tho son of Kiiip ; John ? A , Richard II , —Henry V . —Edward I . —iincl Edwavd II . Q . W ' uh Rlohai-d I . a good zmd dutiful boh ? A . Kiclmrd tho Lion-hearted of course ivas a good and dutiful aun to lii . f ftithor . r | 'ho four leaders Avcro unanimous on this point . Aiuttliosu anawora nro scarcely bo comical an ono Kjvcn to Sir llonry Elliott , by a pupil at the Delhi College . Tho laclwas' singled out for his proficiency in mathemutioiit ' and scientific knowledKC , und many ot his rophca evinced considerable fhmillarity with tlioordliuiry phenomena of crojaion . However , when bir Henry Inquired why tho earth revolved , ho made apohiogosture and ealch » By your good plonsnTe , fcifthib —u . fitvowrite expression of tho natives when
This " foggiriesa . " of intellect Is a . great dxawback to their holding judicial appointments . But there is a etili g [ reatfet objection : they have an itching palm . J ? tom tune : immemorial it has been the custom of the East never to address , a . superior , or even to open a negptiation of any kind , without making , some sort of offering to conciliate favour . It is a pleasant and kindly custom ^ but , uafprtunately , very liable to abuse . And itis dreadfully abused . The consequence ; is , that the . native courts are oner mass of corruption .. Mr ; Wilson , of Horadabad , brought to light the nefarious- practices of the Agra Uiniah , and'many of the most guilty were . dismissed , further ihTestig 5 ation , ho-weyer , proved , that i the judicial administra ?
addressing a superior , whose omnipotence and omniscience it would be bad manners to appear to question . Many young men at the Delhi College—an institution singularly fortunate in having for its Principal a Cambridge gentleman of vast and varied attainments—have . seemingly become thoroughly acquainted with the lower branches of the mathematics ; andyet . when they were sent to the Engineering College . at Roorkee they failed to turn their previous training- to any account . They were totally at a loss how to apply their theoretical learning , and it was found that they were not one-half so useful as . the noncp . mm . issione 4 pfl ? cers . and ^ pri , Y &); es of her Majesty's regiments , who knew , almost , ; nothing before they went up . You cannot get a native to think . He is like a mau humming an ! air , and skipping the hah notes . H ^ ha ^ a . ghipiuering ofrthe truth , but only , through a liazy medium ^
tion of the entire country / Was tainted , in aii almost equal degree , and it yras found necessary for the time to connive at such universal infamy . The vakeels ^ pr attprnieSj are enorinously rich , owing to the presents they receive frotu both parties ; and in ^ -a suit of any iraportarice there is not 4 single person- —frorn the door-keeper to the native judge- ^ -whp is npt presented with , a gift of greater or-less value : Tfiey 1 - will tell you that their gifts are not bribes ; in > our aciceptation of the terrn- ^ they are nothing more : thah ' tokens of respect ; But an Asiatic prince discovered ' some centuries ago thatv ^ gifts pervert the wisdpin of the wise , arid I ami inclined to think that > human na ^ ture is , not much changed since the days of Solomon . It is very certain , however , that We do not give
sufficient salaries to the native officials . There is a mistaken notion that a native can live upon less than : an European * And so hecainj if '' living" be only the quantity of " comestibles" consuraetl in the course of twelve months / But a native is ¦ valued by his own country men according to the display he makes . If he would be respected he is compelled to be ostentatious- ^ tp clothe himself in brave attireto have a large Tetiriue of servants—to make largesses to -the poor—and , at times to construct public works , nam-ket tvasti / i u - for the sake of the name . " He feels that he must make a parade , and lie will do it . If his salary is suited to his rank ' and social position , he may do his duty like a man of ¦ honour . Otherwise , 'he will certainly make-up the deficiency as best he can . As there are still some other' points to be noticed , I must ask leave to trouble you once more , J . H .
Mr. G. N. Sanders's* Letter. (To The Jrd...
MR . G . N . SANDERS ' S * LETTER . ( To the JRditor of the Leader . ') Sm , — "With your permission I ' will make a few re * marks on ]\ Ir . G . N . Sanders ' s letter to Kossuth and others , which appeared in your paper some weeks ago . The object of the letter was to induce the leading republicans of Europe to refrain from speaking or writing against American slavery . Mr . Sanders would fain perstlafl < f tho democrats of Europe that by interfering in any way with the question of American slavery they will injurp tho cause of freedom on both sides of the Atlantic . I think' otherwise . In my opinion the democrats of Europe would aid
the cause of freedom in both worlds hy writing and speaking against ; Amcricfan slavery . Every censure uttered by them against tho revolting institution tends to weaken the slaveholding despotism , and to strengthen and encourage the friends of the slave , Isior will the faithful no = ; s of European democrats , in denouncing American despotism , lessen their power to grapple With despotism in Europe . It will inorease it ' . It -will vox the slaveholders we grant ; but what of that ? It will please tho friends of freedom , and they are tho only people in America that have the will or tho power to aid European republicans . Tlio
slaveholders have enough to do at home ; and thoy always will have , so long as they'havo such an unnatural and inhuman institution as slavery to uphold . Besides , it would 1 ) 0 madness to expect slaveholders , tho worst of all despot ? , to sldo with thorough-going democrats . They will aide with thoir like . Tho causo of despotism is one , and tho duapota of every land will rally round it . Tho cause of freedom is one tho wide AvorKl through , nnd tho slaveholders know it . They know that to establish freedom in Europe is to endanger thoir pet institution ; henco they hiul rather limit than extend tho liberties of tho nations of Europe , They arc doing their utmost at
this moment to destroy the freedom of the press and freedom of speech throughout America . They have succeeded in their nefarious efforts in the South ; anoS if they have not succeeded in gagging the North , we must thank the Garrisanian Abolitionists . The American slaveholders would gag all Europe if they could . They feel that their accursed institution cannot stand if men are allowed to speak and write against it . If the democrats of Europe were in the hands of the American slaveholders they would be gagged before to-morrow . Would the men that imprisoned Mrs . Douglass * that shot Lovejoy , that offered frve thousand dollars foe the head of Garrisan , that gnash , their'teeth at
Theodore Parker , and are as impatient as famishing tigers ., for his blood , be tender- of ; the , democrats of Europe ? IVould the mea f Wfao murder democrats iu America , in defence of thje most mfainous institution on earth , risk their own - lives , or sacrifice their owngains , in behalf-of freedom in Europe ? Vex the slaveholders ofAmerica - as you ; - niaiy . J > y > a faithful and ,, consistent denunciation . of their , injustice and cruelty , democracy will be no loser in consequence . It will fee a gainer . The anti-slavery : > men of America , have hoth the will apd'the-power-to aid . de * moeraey . in Europe . And : their ppwrerj .-is daily . .. increasing . And when they see . th , Q £ «?«< fe ?? s pf democracy in Europe esppusing the cause , not of a nation ,
t > ut ¦• pf Man , they will aid them-to-theutmost . The antvslavery meij ipr America 1 . are j aiding ^ the democrats ofvEurppe coniuiually . Every / bloyf they strike at the mcinster slavery- is . ja'hlow at pldrwprld despotism . American slavery is the disgrace ., and the weakness pf'democracy . The abolitionists-syre labouring , to wipe away that disgrace ^ and tp refiibVe that weakness . If American repiublicanisBi- Kadbeen consistent with itseJLf- ^ if it ^ had not bee ' a ^ ampered and cursed' by an- unnatural- * i alliance with aiaV 0 ry > it woiildv haV &^ shame d ^ or ; di ^ ven . the : des ? - pbtisms of i Europe out ^ of existence long ago . The ' existence of American slayery is the life of European ¦ despotism : the aT ) oiition-of'Ainerican slavery
will ye its death ; The sHveholdeTs-do ^ ript syanp * - thise with the democrats of JSurope : the abolitionists dp . I have mixed with-them-bpth »> aid I know whiat T- say . The slaveholders dp not sympathise with the oppressed peoples' Of Europe . They Twould ; like to hfe : their- rK / ers / but they ha , yeV no -desire ; to see them free . They laugh at the Declaration of : IndepenLd--ence , and call it a rlietbriical rflburish . They laydawn principles ' Which- would justify the enslavement of whites-as : well- ; as- blacks . They do enslave whites ; Many- of ' their slaves are not only- more than half Avhite , but quite white , ifo tinge ! of ¦ African blood , can be detected in them . And they would as readily enslave the whites of ^ Europe as the whites
of America , if they could . Mr . Sanders ^ himseh lays down principles in justification of Americaii slavery , which are just as-applicable - to the ensla-vement pf whites as blacks . The American slaves " are not a r ^ jerf and civilised people , "he says ,, " -but a benighted race . " Here theHprihciple is laid "down ,, that any people who arfe not '" fefiikea and < rf » i / ie & c ? ?> - — any people who are " benighted ? ' may rightfully be enslaved . Are the peoples pf Europe all refined andcivilised ? Who are to judge ? The slaveholders , of course . And we' may guess what their judgment would be , if they ^ vere short of hands . Ue * ides ; says'Mr . Sanders , slavery has a good influence , —it
tends to elevate the benighted races . " The American slaves are advancing , under the care of their American niasters , from barbarism to ahighly respectable grade of civilisation and Christianity . ' * Why , then , should not its refining , elevating , civilising , and sanctifying influences be extended to the peasantry of Epgland and Ireland , and to the serfs of Poland and Russia ? I repeat , the slaveholders of America are tho foes of popular rights , of popular freedom , the world over . There is a depth of depravity , an intensity of villany , in the hearts of those traders in men arid women , awd in the hearts of many of their apologists , of "which those who are not acquainted with them can form no just conception .
But I moist draw to a ' close . I wish I could haVo tho privilege of reviewing this letter of G . N . Sanders at full length . It is > one of tho most discreditable and revolting productions I ever read . The man that can read it without disgust and indignation , as Kossuth seems to have done , can be no consistent , world-wide republican . If tho representatives of republican ism in Europe do not spurn tho suggestione or Mr . Sanders with contempt and ecoru—it , likb Mitchell , of Ireland , thoy throw themselves on their faces in the dust , before tho most heartless ana themselves to
cruol of all tyrants , and plcdga never remonstrate with the vcraccutors and murderers ox aomool'tlio best and bravest reformers that earth over saw-if they form nn alliance with kidnappers and menhnntera—Avid . thu framersof' * ugHive blave Laws and Nebraska Uilla— in vain w » H be their professions of disinlercstodness and philanthropy , their lovo of freedom «»<» humnnity . Thoir pi > wer to clovato and bloHS nuuilcind will 1 ) 0 at an end , and tnc imVSBca of tho oppressed and suffering will lose at ! faith iu them for over . —Yours respectfully , Joseph Baukisu ..
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), Aug. 26, 1854, page 15, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_26081854/page/15/
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